Inflammation of the lung parenchyma that is associated with PLEURISY, inflammation of the PLEURA.
A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by species of MYCOPLASMA.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacillus-shaped bacteria that has been isolated from pneumonic lesions and blood. It produces pneumonia with accompanying fibrinous pleuritis in swine.
Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.
The etiological agent of contagious pleuropneumonia (PLEUROPNEUMONIA, CONTAGIOUS) of cattle and goats.
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.
A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE that consists of several species occurring in animals and humans. Its organisms are described as gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coccobacillus or rod-shaped, and nonmotile.
Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.
A genus in the family ENTOMOPLASMATACEAE, order Entomoplasmatales. It is pathogenic to GOATS, causing caprine pleuropneumonia (PLEUROPNEUMONIA, CONTAGIOUS).
Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).
A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as gram-negative, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Most members are found both as pathogens and commensal organisms in the respiratory, alimentary, and genital tracts of animals.
Diseases of the domestic or wild goat of the genus Capra.
A genus of gram-negative, mostly facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the family MYCOPLASMATACEAE. The cells are bounded by a PLASMA MEMBRANE and lack a true CELL WALL. Its organisms are pathogens found on the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of humans, ANIMALS, and BIRDS.
Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.
Infections with species of the genus MYCOPLASMA.
A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.
A species of MORGANELLA formerly classified as a Proteus species. It is found in the feces of humans, dogs, other mammals, and reptiles. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)
Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.
Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.
Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
I'm afraid there seems to be a misunderstanding - "Africa" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, consisting of 54 countries with diverse cultures, peoples, languages, and landscapes. If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help answer those for you!

Diagnosis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia by PCR-laser- induced fluorescence and PCR-restriction endonuclease analysis based on the 16S rRNA genes of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC. (1/83)

As contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is spreading fast in many African countries, there is an increasing demand for rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods that can be used to confirm the initial diagnosis based on clinical symptoms or pathological findings. Two PCR-based diagnostic systems for identification of the infectious agent, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC (M. mycoides SC), in various samples are presented. Both systems involve group-specific amplification of the two 16S rRNA genes from mycoplasmas of the M. mycoides cluster. The laser-induced fluorescence assay is based on a unique sequence length difference between the two 16S rRNA genes in M. mycoides SC. This region was amplified by PCR, and the products were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a DNA sequencer. The resulting electropherogram showed two peaks for strains of M. mycoides SC and one peak for all other members of the M. mycoides cluster. The second system was based on restriction endonuclease analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis. Restriction of amplicons from a region containing a polymorphism, which is found in M. mycoides SC only, resulted in an extra band on the agarose gel because an AluI site is lacking in the rrnA operon. Specimens from cows with postmortem signs of CBPP were analyzed with the two PCR systems. M. mycoides SC was clearly identified in pleural fluid and lung tissue, and the methods were found to be robust and rapid. The results were in agreement with those obtained by conventional diagnostic techniques.  (+info)

Genomic and antigenic differences between the European and African/Australian clusters of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC. (2/83)

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony type (SC), the aetiological agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), can be grouped into two major, epidemiologically distinct, clusters. One cluster contains strains isolated from different European countries since 1980 and a second cluster contains African and Australian strains collected over the last 50 years. Genetic analysis of representative strains from the two clusters revealed a genomic segment of 8.84 kb, located close to a copy of IS1296, which is present in all strains of the African cluster but lacking in all strains of the European cluster. This segment contains a copy of IS1634, a gene for a potential lipoprotein, IppB, open reading frames encoding a putative surface-located membrane protein and a hypothetical proline-rich membrane protein, and two open reading frames showing similarity to putative ABC transporters. The product of the IppB gene, lipoprotein B (LppB), has an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa and was shown to be surface located. It is detected with monospecific antibodies in all strains of the African cluster tested, but not in European-cluster strains. DNA sequence analysis of the splicing site at which European strains differ from African-cluster strains by the lack of the 8.84 kb segment showed that the European cluster has arisen by deletion from a strain of the African cluster. Hence, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC strains isolated in different European countries from the newly reemerging outbreaks of CBPP, which occurred after the eradication of the epizootic in Europe in the middle of the 20th century, represent a phylogenetically newer cluster that has been derived from a strain of the older cluster of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC which is still endemic on the African continent.  (+info)

Characterization of strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type isolated from recent outbreaks of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in Botswana and Tanzania: evidence for a new biotype. (3/83)

Four strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (MmmSC) isolated from recent outbreaks of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Africa have been investigated. One Botswanan strain, M375, displayed numerous and significant phenotypic differences from both contemporary field isolates and older field and vaccine strains (African, Australian, and European strains dating back to 1936). Differences include altered morphology, reduced capsular polysaccharide production, high sensitivity to MmmSC rabbit hyperimmune antisera in vitro, and unique polymorphisms following immunoblotting. While insertion sequence analysis using IS1634 clearly indicates a close evolutionary relationship to west African strains, hybridization with IS1296 shows the absence of a band present in all other strains of MmmSC examined. The data suggest that a deletion has occurred in strain M375, which may explain its altered phenotype, including poor growth in vitro and a relative inability to cause septicemia in mice. These characteristics are also exhibited by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (causal agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia [CCPP]), against which M375 antiserum exhibited some activity in vitro (unique among the various MmmSC antisera tested). These findings may have evolutionary implications, since CCPP is believed to be lung specific and without a septicemic phase (unlike CBPP). Since M375 was isolated from a clinical case of CBPP, this novel biotype may be fairly widespread but not normally isolated due to difficulty of culture and/or a potentially altered disease syndrome. Bovine convalescent antisera (obtained from contemporary naturally infected cattle in Botswana) were active against strain M375 in an in vitro growth inhibition test but not against any other strains of MmmSC tested. There exists the possibility therefore, that strain M375 may possess a set of protective antigens different from those of other strains of MmmSC (including vaccine strains). These findings have implications for the control of the current CBPP epidemic in Africa.  (+info)

Monoclonal antibody differentiation of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony strains causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia from less important large-colony strains. (4/83)

Monoclonal antibody (MAb) PK-2 inhibited the in vitro growth of nine Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony strains. In contrast to the results with polyclonal antisera, growth inhibition by MAb PK-2 was specific for M. mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony strains and constituted a reliable means of distinguishing them from other mycoplasmas.  (+info)

Comparison of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions among strains of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, and reassessment of the taxonomic position of Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7. (5/83)

Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions of six type or reference strains belonging to the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster and of Mycoplasma putrefaciens suggested the presence of two subclusters. One subcluster comprised M. mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (SC) type, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony (LC) type and M. mycoides subsp. capri, whereas the second subcluster comprised Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae and Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7. The type strains from M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC and M. mycoides subsp. capri had identical spacer sequences. The existence of two subclusters was supported by predicted secondary structures of the analysed region. The nucleotide variations in the loop domains of the secondary structures might be a useful genetic marker to distinguish between the two subclusters. The secondary structure differences delineated the differences between the two subclusters more clearly than the nucleotide sequence alignments, which only showed a small number of differences, and some of these were common to both clusters. The data also provided evidence in favour of a reclassification of Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 as another subspecies of M. capricolum.  (+info)

Rapid detection of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia using a Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae capsular polysaccharide-specific antigen detection latex agglutination test. (6/83)

Latex microspheres (diameter, 8 microm) were coated with anti-Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) antiserum (anti-F38 biotype). The coated microspheres, when used in a latex agglutination test (LAT), detected M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae antigen in the serum of goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumoniae (CCPP). Beads also agglutinated strongly in the presence of purified M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae capsular polysaccharide (CPS). Preabsorption of CPS-specific antibodies prior to coating of the beads removed agglutinating activity in the presence of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, strongly suggesting that CPS is the likely soluble antigen recognized by the test. In addition, the specificity of the LAT exactly mirrored that of an M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae CPS-specific monoclonal antibody (WM25): of the 8 other mycoplasma species tested, agglutination was observed only with bovine serogroup 7. The LAT detected all 11 strains of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae examined in this study, with a sensitivity level of 2 ng of CPS, or the equivalent of 1.7 x 10(4) CFU, in a reaction volume of 0.03 ml of serum. With field sera from goats with CCPP, the results of the LAT exhibited a 67% correlation with the results of the currently used complement fixation test (CFT), with the main discrepancy in diagnosis resulting from the increased sensitivity of the LAT compared to that of CFT. This antigen-detection LAT should prove particularly useful in identifying animals in the earliest stages of CCPP and combines sensitivity and low cost with ease of application in the field, without the need for any specialist training or equipment.  (+info)

Characterization of a chromosomal region of Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 strain PG50 encoding a glycerol transport locus (gtsABC). (7/83)

Mycoplasma species bovine group 7, represented by the type strain PG50, is one of six members of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster and has been implicated in sporadic and outbreak cases of polyarthritis and mastitis in Australian dairy cattle. This study describes cloning and sequencing a 7.9 kb region of the PG50 chromosome and identification of genes involved in glycerol transport (gtsA, gtsB and gtsC) that are followed by a putative lipoprotein gene lppB and a genomic locus containing two ORFs encoding putative membrane proteins. Long range PCR using primers spanning gtsABC and downstream flanking genes, and Southern hybridization analyses using a suite of probes derived from M. mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (SC) strain Afade for gtsA, gtsB and gtsC, lppB and the two downstream genes confirmed that these genes were conserved among Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 isolates and mycoplasmas belonging to the M. mycoides subcluster [M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony type (LC) and M. mycoides subsp. capri] but were absent in mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma capricolum subcluster (M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae). M. capricolum subsp. capricolum type strain California kid did not hybridize with the probe for gtsA and gave only weak or no hybridization signals with probes derived from the loci downstream of gtsABC, suggesting that this region has diverged in mycoplasmas belonging to subspecies of M. capricolum. It is shown that PG50, after the addition of a physiological concentration of glycerol to the growth medium, generates H(2)O(2) at levels comparable with strain Afade, implying that the glycerol transport system is functional in Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7. This suggests that in PG50, as in M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC, glycerol uptake is followed by phosphorylation to glycerol 3-phosphate and then conversion to dihydroxyacetone phosphate, catalysed by L-alpha-glycerophosphate oxidase, resulting in the production of H(2)O(2). The ability of Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 to generate significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide may be important in pathogenesis.  (+info)

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in swine naturally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. (8/83)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was detected and localized in 15 pigs with naturally occurring pleuropneumonia using a 437-base pair digoxigenin-labeled cDNA probe in an in situ hybridization protocol. Histopathologic changes in the acute stage were characterized by coagulative necrosis of lung parenchyma, hemorrhage, vascular thrombosis, edema, fibrin deposition, and infiltration of lung parenchyma by neutrophils and alveolar macrophages in nine pigs. In chronic lesions, a thick layer of granulation tissue surrounded foci of pulmonary necrosis in six pigs. All 15 pigs infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, confirmed by bacterial isolation, had distinct positive hybridization signals for COX-2 in bronchial, bronchiolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and type I pneumocytes. COX-2 expression was detected primarily in neutrophils from pigs with acute lesions and primarily in alveolar macrophages from pigs with chronic lesions. The results suggest that a prostanoid product of COX-2 is an important component of the inflammatory response to acute and chronic A. pleuropneumoniae infection.  (+info)

Pleuropneumonia is a medical condition characterized by inflammation that affects both the lung tissue (pneumonia) and the pleural space (pleurisy) surrounding the lungs. It is often caused by bacterial infections, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae, that spread from the lungs to the pleural space.

The inflammation can cause symptoms such as chest pain, cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it may lead to complications such as pleural effusion (accumulation of fluid in the pleural space), lung abscesses, or empyema (pus in the pleural space).

Pleuropneumonia can be diagnosed through physical examination, medical history, imaging studies such as chest X-rays or CT scans, and laboratory tests such as blood cultures or analysis of sputum or pleural fluid. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to eliminate the infection, along with supportive care such as pain management, hydration, and respiratory support if necessary.

Contagious pleuropneumonia is a severe, highly contagious respiratory disease primarily affecting small ruminants such as sheep and goats. The causative agent is a gram-negative bacterium called Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp). This disease is predominantly found in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, although it has the potential to spread rapidly and cause significant economic losses in susceptible populations.

The infection typically causes inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia) and the pleura (pleurisy), which are the membranes lining the thoracic cavity and covering the lungs. Clinical signs include high fever, difficulty breathing, coughing, nasal discharge, loss of appetite, and depression. In severe cases, contagious pleuropneumonia can lead to sudden death due to acute lung failure or complications arising from secondary infections.

Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals, contaminated feed, water, or fomites (inanimate objects). The disease is not typically zoonotic, meaning it does not transmit from animals to humans. However, proper biosecurity measures and vaccination programs are crucial to controlling and preventing outbreaks in susceptible herds.

'Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae' is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that primarily affects the respiratory system of pigs, causing a disease known as porcine pleuropneumonia. This disease is associated with severe respiratory signs, including coughing, difficulty breathing, and high fever, and can lead to significant economic losses in the swine industry.

The bacterium is typically transmitted through direct contact with infected pigs or contaminated fomites, and it can also be spread through aerosolized droplets. Once inside the host, 'Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae' produces a number of virulence factors that allow it to evade the immune system and cause tissue damage.

Effective control and prevention strategies for porcine pleuropneumonia include vaccination, biosecurity measures, and antibiotic treatment. However, antibiotic resistance is an emerging concern in the management of this disease, highlighting the need for continued research and development of new control strategies.

Actinobacillus infections are caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Actinobacillus, which are gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and non-motile rods. These bacteria can cause a variety of infections in humans and animals, including respiratory tract infections, wound infections, and septicemia.

The most common species that causes infection in humans is Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which is associated with periodontal disease, endocarditis, and soft tissue infections. Other species such as A. suis, A. lignieresii, and A. equuli can cause infections in animals and occasionally in humans, particularly those who have close contact with animals.

Symptoms of Actinobacillus infections depend on the site of infection and may include fever, chills, swelling, redness, pain, and purulent discharge. Diagnosis is typically made through culture and identification of the bacteria from clinical samples such as blood, wound secretions, or respiratory specimens. Treatment usually involves antibiotics that are effective against gram-negative bacteria, such as aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, or third-generation cephalosporins. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to drain abscesses or remove infected tissue.

"Mycoplasma mycoides" is a species of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are characterized by their small size. They are part of the class Mollicutes and are known to cause various diseases in animals, particularly ruminants such as cattle, goats, and sheep. The most well-known disease caused by M. mycoides is contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a severe and highly contagious respiratory disease in cattle that can lead to pneumonia, pleurisy, and death.

M. mycoides has been the subject of scientific research due to its small genome size and minimal genetic requirements for growth and survival. In fact, it was the first species of Mycoplasma to have its genome fully sequenced, and it has been used as a model organism in synthetic biology studies.

It's important to note that M. mycoides is not known to cause disease in humans. However, other species of Mycoplasma can cause respiratory and urogenital infections in humans.

Swine diseases refer to a wide range of infectious and non-infectious conditions that affect pigs. These diseases can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or environmental factors. Some common swine diseases include:

1. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS): a viral disease that causes reproductive failure in sows and respiratory problems in piglets and grower pigs.
2. Classical Swine Fever (CSF): also known as hog cholera, is a highly contagious viral disease that affects pigs of all ages.
3. Porcine Circovirus Disease (PCVD): a group of diseases caused by porcine circoviruses, including Porcine CircoVirus Associated Disease (PCVAD) and Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS).
4. Swine Influenza: a respiratory disease caused by type A influenza viruses that can infect pigs and humans.
5. Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae: a bacterial disease that causes pneumonia in pigs.
6. Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae: a bacterial disease that causes severe pneumonia in pigs.
7. Salmonella: a group of bacteria that can cause food poisoning in humans and a variety of diseases in pigs, including septicemia, meningitis, and abortion.
8. Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae: a bacterial disease that causes dysentery in pigs.
9. Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae: a bacterial disease that causes erysipelas in pigs.
10. External and internal parasites, such as lice, mites, worms, and flukes, can also cause diseases in swine.

Prevention and control of swine diseases rely on good biosecurity practices, vaccination programs, proper nutrition, and management practices. Regular veterinary check-ups and monitoring are essential to detect and treat diseases early.

Haemophilus is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that are commonly found as part of the normal microbiota of the human respiratory tract. However, some species can cause infections in humans, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions.

The most well-known species is Haemophilus influenzae, which was originally identified as a cause of influenza (hence the name), but it is now known that not all strains of H. influenzae cause this disease. In fact, the majority of H. influenzae infections are caused by strains that produce a polysaccharide capsule, which makes them more virulent and able to evade the host's immune system.

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was once a major cause of serious bacterial infections in children, including meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis. However, since the introduction of vaccines against Hib in the 1980s, the incidence of these infections has decreased dramatically.

Other Haemophilus species that can cause human infections include Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi (which causes chancroid), and Haemophilus aphrophilus (which can cause endocarditis).

Cattle diseases are a range of health conditions that affect cattle, which include but are not limited to:

1. Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD): Also known as "shipping fever," BRD is a common respiratory illness in feedlot cattle that can be caused by several viruses and bacteria.
2. Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD): A viral disease that can cause a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, fever, and reproductive issues.
3. Johne's Disease: A chronic wasting disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. It primarily affects the intestines and can cause severe diarrhea and weight loss.
4. Digital Dermatitis: Also known as "hairy heel warts," this is a highly contagious skin disease that affects the feet of cattle, causing lameness and decreased productivity.
5. Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK): Also known as "pinkeye," IBK is a common and contagious eye infection in cattle that can cause blindness if left untreated.
6. Salmonella: A group of bacteria that can cause severe gastrointestinal illness in cattle, including diarrhea, dehydration, and septicemia.
7. Leptospirosis: A bacterial disease that can cause a wide range of symptoms in cattle, including abortion, stillbirths, and kidney damage.
8. Blackleg: A highly fatal bacterial disease that causes rapid death in young cattle. It is caused by Clostridium chauvoei and vaccination is recommended for prevention.
9. Anthrax: A serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Cattle can become infected by ingesting spores found in contaminated soil, feed or water.
10. Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD): A highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hooved animals, including cattle. It is characterized by fever and blisters on the feet, mouth, and teats. FMD is not a threat to human health but can have serious economic consequences for the livestock industry.

It's important to note that many of these diseases can be prevented or controlled through good management practices, such as vaccination, biosecurity measures, and proper nutrition. Regular veterinary care and monitoring are also crucial for early detection and treatment of any potential health issues in your herd.

"Mycoplasma capricolum" is a species of bacteria that belongs to the class Mollicutes and the genus Mycoplasma. These bacteria are characterized by their small size, lack of a cell wall, and unique mode of reproduction through budding or binary fission. "Mycoplasma capricolum" is a common pathogen in goats and sheep, causing various respiratory and mammary gland infections. It can also be found in the genital tract of these animals and can cause reproductive disorders.

The bacteria are typically transmitted through direct contact between infected and non-infected animals, as well as through contaminated feed and water. Infection with "Mycoplasma capricolum" can result in a range of clinical signs, including coughing, nasal discharge, difficulty breathing, decreased milk production, and abortion.

Diagnosis of "Mycoplasma capricolum" infection typically involves the detection of the bacteria in samples taken from the affected animal, such as respiratory secretions or milk. Treatment usually involves the use of antibiotics, although resistance to certain antibiotics has been reported. Prevention and control measures include good biosecurity practices, such as quarantine and testing of new animals before introducing them into a herd, as well as vaccination.

"Swine" is a common term used to refer to even-toed ungulates of the family Suidae, including domestic pigs and wild boars. However, in a medical context, "swine" often appears in the phrase "swine flu," which is a strain of influenza virus that typically infects pigs but can also cause illness in humans. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic was caused by a new strain of swine-origin influenza A virus, which was commonly referred to as "swine flu." It's important to note that this virus is not transmitted through eating cooked pork products; it spreads from person to person, mainly through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

According to the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, 'actinobacillus' is defined as:

"A genus of gram-negative, nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic rods (family Pasteurellaceae) that are parasites or commensals in animals and occasionally cause disease in humans. Some species produce a polysaccharide capsule."

In simpler terms, Actinobacillus is a type of bacteria that can be found in animals, including sometimes as normal flora in their mouths and throats. These bacteria can sometimes infect humans, usually through close contact with animals or through the consumption of contaminated food or water. Some species of Actinobacillus can produce a polysaccharide capsule, which can make them more resistant to the body's immune defenses and more difficult to treat with antibiotics.

It is worth noting that while some species of Actinobacillus can cause disease in humans, they are generally not considered major human pathogens. However, they can cause a variety of clinical syndromes, including respiratory tract infections, wound infections, and bacteremia (bloodstream infections). Treatment typically involves the use of antibiotics that are active against gram-negative bacteria, such as amoxicillin/clavulanate or fluoroquinolones.

I believe there may be a misunderstanding in your question. "Goat diseases" refers to illnesses that affect goats specifically. It does not mean diseases that are caused by goats or related to them in some way. Here are some examples of goat diseases:

1. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE): A viral disease that affects goats, causing arthritis, pneumonia, and sometimes encephalitis.
2. Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL): A bacterial disease that causes abscesses in the lymph nodes of goats.
3. Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP): A contagious respiratory disease caused by mycoplasma bacteria.
4. Johne's Disease: A chronic wasting disease caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
5. Pasteurellosis: A bacterial disease that can cause pneumonia, septicemia, and other infections in goats.
6. Salmonellosis: A bacterial disease caused by Salmonella bacteria, which can cause diarrhea, fever, and septicemia in goats.
7. Soremouth (Orf): A viral disease that causes sores and scabs around the mouth and nose of goats.

These are just a few examples of diseases that can affect goats. If you have any specific questions about goat health or diseases, I would recommend consulting with a veterinarian who specializes in small ruminants.

Mycoplasma: A type of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are among the smallest organisms capable of self-replication. They can cause various infections in humans, animals, and plants. In humans, they are associated with respiratory tract infections (such as pneumonia), urogenital infections (like pelvic inflammatory disease), and some sexually transmitted diseases. Mycoplasma species are also known to contaminate cell cultures and can interfere with research experiments. Due to their small size and lack of a cell wall, they are resistant to many common antibiotics, making them difficult to treat.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "goats" is not a term commonly used in medical definitions. It is a common noun referring to the domesticated animal species Capra aegagrus hircus. If you have any questions about a specific medical condition or term, please provide that and I would be happy to help.

Mycoplasma infections refer to illnesses caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycoplasma. These are among the smallest free-living organisms, lacking a cell wall and possessing a unique molecular structure. They can cause various respiratory tract infections (like pneumonia, bronchitis), urogenital infections, and other systemic diseases in humans, animals, and birds.

The most common Mycoplasma species that infect humans include M. pneumoniae, M. genitalium, M. hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Transmission usually occurs through respiratory droplets or sexual contact. Symptoms can vary widely depending on the site of infection but may include cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, fatigue, joint pain, rash, and genital discharge or pelvic pain in women. Diagnosis often requires specific laboratory tests due to their unique growth requirements and resistance to many common antibiotics. Treatment typically involves macrolide or fluoroquinolone antibiotics.

Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which is part of the tetracycline class. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, thereby preventing bacterial growth and reproduction. Medical definition: "A linear tetra cyclic amide antibiotic derived from Streptomyces rimosus, with a wide range of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. It is used especially in the treatment of rickettsial infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and sexually transmitted diseases." (Source: Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary)

"Morganella morganii" is a species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that is commonly found in the environment, including in soil, water, and associated with various animals. In humans, it can be part of the normal gut flora but can also cause infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals or following surgical procedures. It is known to cause a variety of infections, such as urinary tract infections, wound infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia (bloodstream infection). The bacteria can produce a number of virulence factors, including enzymes that help it evade the host's immune system and cause tissue damage. It is resistant to many antibiotics, which can make treatment challenging.

Bacterial vaccines are types of vaccines that are created using bacteria or parts of bacteria as the immunogen, which is the substance that triggers an immune response in the body. The purpose of a bacterial vaccine is to stimulate the immune system to develop protection against specific bacterial infections.

There are several types of bacterial vaccines, including:

1. Inactivated or killed whole-cell vaccines: These vaccines contain entire bacteria that have been killed or inactivated through various methods, such as heat or chemicals. The bacteria can no longer cause disease, but they still retain the ability to stimulate an immune response.
2. Subunit, protein, or polysaccharide vaccines: These vaccines use specific components of the bacterium, such as proteins or polysaccharides, that are known to trigger an immune response. By using only these components, the vaccine can avoid using the entire bacterium, which may reduce the risk of adverse reactions.
3. Live attenuated vaccines: These vaccines contain live bacteria that have been weakened or attenuated so that they cannot cause disease but still retain the ability to stimulate an immune response. This type of vaccine can provide long-lasting immunity, but it may not be suitable for people with weakened immune systems.

Bacterial vaccines are essential tools in preventing and controlling bacterial infections, reducing the burden of diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumococcal disease, meningococcal disease, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease. They work by exposing the immune system to a harmless form of the bacteria or its components, which triggers the production of antibodies and memory cells that can recognize and fight off future infections with that same bacterium.

It's important to note that while vaccines are generally safe and effective, they may cause mild side effects such as pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, fever, or fatigue. Serious side effects are rare but can occur, so it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before receiving any vaccine.

"Cattle" is a term used in the agricultural and veterinary fields to refer to domesticated animals of the genus *Bos*, primarily *Bos taurus* (European cattle) and *Bos indicus* (Zebu). These animals are often raised for meat, milk, leather, and labor. They are also known as bovines or cows (for females), bulls (intact males), and steers/bullocks (castrated males). However, in a strict medical definition, "cattle" does not apply to humans or other animals.

Haemophilus infections are caused by bacteria named Haemophilus influenzae. Despite its name, this bacterium does not cause the flu, which is caused by a virus. There are several different strains of Haemophilus influenzae, and some are more likely to cause severe illness than others.

Haemophilus infections can affect people of any age, but they are most common in children under 5 years old. The bacteria can cause a range of infections, from mild ear infections to serious conditions such as meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord) and pneumonia (infection of the lungs).

The bacterium is spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also be spread by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth, nose, or eyes.

Prevention measures include good hygiene practices such as handwashing, covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and avoiding close contact with people who are sick. Vaccination is also available to protect against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections, which are the most severe and common form of Haemophilus infection.

Hemolysins are a type of protein toxin produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and plants that have the ability to damage and destroy red blood cells (erythrocytes), leading to their lysis or hemolysis. This results in the release of hemoglobin into the surrounding environment. Hemolysins can be classified into two main categories:

1. Exotoxins: These are secreted by bacteria and directly damage host cells. They can be further divided into two types:
* Membrane attack complex/perforin-like proteins (MACPF): These hemolysins create pores in the membrane of red blood cells, disrupting their integrity and causing lysis. Examples include alpha-hemolysin from Staphylococcus aureus and streptolysin O from Streptococcus pyogenes.
* Enzymatic hemolysins: These hemolysins are enzymes that degrade specific components of the red blood cell membrane, ultimately leading to lysis. An example is streptolysin S from Streptococcus pyogenes, which is a thiol-activated, oxygen-labile hemolysin.
2. Endotoxins: These are part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and can cause indirect hemolysis by activating the complement system or by stimulating the release of inflammatory mediators from host cells.

Hemolysins play a significant role in bacterial pathogenesis, contributing to tissue damage, impaired immune responses, and disease progression.

Bacterial antibodies are a type of antibodies produced by the immune system in response to an infection caused by bacteria. These antibodies are proteins that recognize and bind to specific antigens on the surface of the bacterial cells, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. Bacterial antibodies can be classified into several types based on their structure and function, including IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE. They play a crucial role in the body's defense against bacterial infections and provide immunity to future infections with the same bacteria.

A lung is a pair of spongy, elastic organs in the chest that work together to enable breathing. They are responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. The left lung has two lobes, while the right lung has three lobes. The lungs are protected by the ribcage and are covered by a double-layered membrane called the pleura. The trachea divides into two bronchi, which further divide into smaller bronchioles, leading to millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of gases occurs.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Africa" actually refers to a continent, not a medical condition or concept. Africa is the second-largest continent in the world, consisting of 54 countries and a wide range of diverse ethnic groups, cultures, languages, and landscapes. It is home to a vast array of wildlife, including many species that are not found anywhere else in the world. If you have any questions about Africa's geography, history, or culture, I would be happy to try to help answer them!

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia Mycoplasma Mycoplasma mycoides Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia, reviewed and published by ... Pleuropneumonia, accessed 31/08/2011. Current status of Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia worldwide at OIE. WAHID Interface - ... Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a cause of major economic losses to goat producers in Africa, Asia and the Middle ... It is extremely contagious with very high morbidity and mortality rates, causing an interstitial fibrinous pleuropneumonia in ...
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia Fog fever Minimal genome project "Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia". The Merck Veterinary ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP - also known as lung plague), is a contagious bacterial disease that afflicts the lungs ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia came to Australia on a shipment of five head of cattle from England in 1858, imported by one ... Current status of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia worldwide at OIE. WAHID Interface - OIE World Animal Health Information ...
Lyman, Charles P. (1881). "Contagious Pleuro-pneumonia". Contagious Diseases of Domesticated Animals. Washington DC: Department ... It was appreciated that, not only rinderpest, but pleuro-pneumonia and foot-and-mouth disease were contagious threats. Unless ... Brown, G.T. (1873). "Report on the Contagious and Infectious Diseases of Animals referred to in the Contagious Diseases ( ... If one animal in a cargo was found to be contagious, it was slaughtered at once and its carcase sterilised by steam in an iron ...
During this period, the contagious bovine pleuropneumonia disease was rampant in the Northern Territory. Rose established a ... "Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia eradication - CSIROpedia". CSIROpedia. CSIRO. 6 February 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2016. ... Bovine pleuropneumonia was eradicated in the Northern Territory by 1973. Rose's management strategy involved separating suspect ... a national program was established by a newly established National Committee for the Control and Eradication of Pleuropneumonia ...
It was contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, a disease that still occurred in outbreaks at the end of the twentieth century, such ... "Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia eradication". CSIROpedia. Australia: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research ... I very much appreciated've applied for your wonderful discovery of preventive inoculation against infectious Pleuropneumonia.[ ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia was inoculated on the property in 1950. In 1992, 87 hectares (210 acres) of land was excised ...
It causes a disease in goats called contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). Mycoplasma capricolum causes caprine pneumonia ... affords unprecedented resolution for the molecular epidemiology and evolutionary history of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia ...
mycoides SC type strain PG1T, the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)". Genome Res. 14 (2): 221-7. doi: ...
mycoides Small Colony (SC) type (MmmSC)", is known as the agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a contagious lung ... mycoides SC Type Strain PG1 T , the Causative Agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)". Genome Research. 14 (2): 221- ... the Causative Agent of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP). It has a single circular chromosome of 1,211,703 bp and ... Translated as 'The microbe of pleuropneumonia' in Rev Infect Dis 12, 354-358 (1990)) Cheng X; Nicolet J; Poumarat F; Regalla J ...
"Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia" (PDF). October 2009. "Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia - Fact Sheet". 2012-02-22. Spickler ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is one of the most important infectious diseases of cattle in Africa. CBPP is caused ... "Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia". www.merckvetmanual.com.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) " ... "Contagious Equine Metritis".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) "Fact Sheet - Contagious Equine ...
Most cattle are of the trypanotolerant N'Dama breed and problem diseases include contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. Cattle are ...
... contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), that is a sheep and goat disease, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia(CBPP), that is a ... The project is exploring the potential efficacy of a vaccine to combat contagious bovine pleuropneumonia which is a major ... "HVRI to lead the Bill & Melinda Gates project on Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia BEN-1 Vaccine Evaluation". GALVmed. "About ... The 12 diseases are: Cattle diseases: East Coast fever (Theileriosis) Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia Trypanosomosis Lumpy ...
... the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia". PLOS One. 7 (8): e44158. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...744158M. doi:10.1371/ ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia - a disease in cattle Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia - a disease in goats Wood, James, ed ... Pleuropneumonia is inflammation of the lungs and pleura, pleurisy being the inflammation of the pleura alone. ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), a respiratory disease that affects cattle, led to the first livestock science in ... While in Australia, Loir and Germont were engaged by the Queensland Government to research the origin of pleuropneumonia and ... By 1895 the institute was outgrowing its Turbot Street premises; work had expanded beyond pleuropneumonia to tuberculosis, ... Lucia: University of Queensland Press, ISBN 0702220787, retrieved 24 August 2012 "Pleuro-pneumonia in Cattle.", The ...
This period was marked by epidemics of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, rinderpest (see 1890s African rinderpest epizootic), ...
... in the team that was developing a vaccine for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. Still at the University of Melbourne, he went ...
The main disease associated with this bacterium is porcine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious respiratory disease, affecting ... Dee, S. "Pleuropneumonia in Pigs". Merck Veterinary Manual. Retrieved 20 April 2013. Stringer, O; Bosse J; Lacouture S (2021 ... It was first reported in 1957, and was formally declared to be the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia in 1964. It was ... Shope, RE (1964). "Porcine Contagious Pleuropnemonia: 1. Experimental Transmission, Etiology, and Pathology". Journal of ...
... and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. The outbreak caused a serious drop in protein availability, with a fall not only in ...
In April 1888 he presided over a departmental committee appointed to inquire into pleuro-pneumonia, and an Act of 1890 carried ... Wilson urged legislation for repressing the contagious diseases of animals, and was involved in the Animals Acts of 1878 and ...
African swine fever and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. Approximately 10% of the facility will be used for BSL-4 level ...
... contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The series was consolidated by the Act of 1950. The Act of ... It follows on from the 19th-century series notation Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act. The Act of 1884 was designed to combat " ...
21 February - A Royal Commission into the origin and nature of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (a cattle disease) presents ...
salmonellosis and trans-boundary animal diseases such as Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia, Foot-and-Mouth Disease and ... Contagious Bovine Pleuro-pneumonia vaccine, Haemorrhagic Septicaemia vaccine, Fowl Cholera vaccine, Fowl Typhoid vaccine and ...
Act 1886 Contagious Diseases Acts Repeal Act 1886 Contagious Diseases (Animals) (Pleuro-pneumonia) Act 1890 Contagious Diseases ... Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1853 Contagious Diseases, Animals Act 1856 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1867 Contagious ... The Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1884, section 6 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1886, section 1(2) Contagious Diseases ... Act 1875 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1878 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 1884 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Transfer ...
... following a large outbreak of Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and other livestock diseases in the Sool region, the Ministry ...
... while sheep and goats were inoculated against contagious caprine pleuro-pneumonia and peste des petits ruminants. Issa Zeila ...
... pleuropneumonia, contagious MeSH C01.252.400.610.610.760 - pneumonia, mycoplasma MeSH C01.252.400.610.850 - ureaplasma ...
... and Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, would be studied at the laboratory and could pose hazards for North Carolina citizens ...
... and Animal Industry tried to save existing cattle stock by containing diseases such as contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, hoof- ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia Mycoplasma Mycoplasma mycoides Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia, reviewed and published by ... Pleuropneumonia, accessed 31/08/2011. Current status of Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia worldwide at OIE. WAHID Interface - ... Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a cause of major economic losses to goat producers in Africa, Asia and the Middle ... It is extremely contagious with very high morbidity and mortality rates, causing an interstitial fibrinous pleuropneumonia in ...
... (CCPP) is a disease affecting goats and some wild ruminant species. In goats it is ... Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Last Modified: Mon, 10 Jul 2023 11:50:28 IST. ...
Qualitative ELISA Kit for detecting Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) antibodies in samples from serum, plasma, culture ... Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Antibody (CBPP-Ab) Qualitative ELISA Kit - 96 wells plate ... www.gen.bg/shop/0812-sl0250bo-contagious-bovine-pleuropneumonia-antibody-cbpp-ab-qualitative-elisa-kit-96-wells-plate-7784 ... Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Antibody (CBPP-Ab) Qualitative ELISA Kit - 96 wells plate. https:// ...
M. haemolytica is responsible for causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, a bacterial disease which causes pneumonia and ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of cattle and water buffalo that attacks the lungs causing fever and ... What is Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia?. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of cattle and water buffalo ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) caused one the three great historic cattle plagues of the world along with foot and ... Chapter 3.4.8. Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (Infection with Mycoplasma Mycoides Subsp. Mycoides) ...
"Diagnosis and control of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia",. abstract = "The diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia ... Diagnosis and control of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. F. Thiaucourt*, G. Bölske, B. Leneguersh, D. Smith, H. Wesonga. * ... Thiaucourt F, Bölske G, Leneguersh B, Smith D, Wesonga H. Diagnosis and control of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Revue ... The diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) has often been considered difficult. This is because of the ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a severe disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm). Knowledge on ... From: Respiratory explants as a model to investigate early events of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia infection ...
CBPP is one of the most infectious and highly contagious diseases of cattle in Africa. Current control relies on a live vaccine ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm), is the most important infectious ... There is an urgent need for improved vaccines for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP). CBPP is one of the most infectious ... HomeIdentification of virulence factors as novel vaccine targets for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia by whole genome ...
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. Infection ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm) is a livestock disease of utmost ... Reproduction of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia via aerosol-based challenge with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. *Flavio ... Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. Infection ...
Seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal LB Regmi, S Manandhar, L Gongal, S ...
Facilitated Expert Gap Analysis and Review of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement (S ...
The United States Department of Agriculture joins the global race to control contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. ...
Seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in three selected south-eastern states of Nigeria K.C. Anyika, S.O. ...
Particular importance was attached to the control of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, rinderpest and trypanosomiasis in the ... Participation of FAO in the campaign to control rinderpest and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia ... that the machinery set in motion by such a campaign can be utilized to control contagious bovine pleuropneumonia as well, ... to the economy of countries in the Sahelian regions of the eradication of rinderpest and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, as ...
Categories: Pleuropneumonia, Contagious Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Mycoplasma mycoides - Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia(cultures only). Peste des petits ruminants virus (cultures only). ...
Bacteria: blackleg, foot rot, caprine pleuropneumonia, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, chlamydiosis, Johnes disease, ...
Ms Mulenga (Kalulushi): Madam Speaker, I am just concerned about the Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP). We know it is a ... Mr Sampa (Matero): Madam Speaker, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is what the disease is called. I am not sure whether ... The Minister of Fisheries and Livestock (Mr Chikote): Madam Speaker, the Government is aware of the outbreak of Contagious ... whether the Government is aware that there is an outbreak of Contagious Bovine Pleural Pneumonia (CBPP) disease in Chief ...
Compound propolis composition for treatment of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia and preparation method thereof ...
No cases of rabies, rinderpest, foot and mouth disease, swine fever, contagious bovine pleuropneu-monia, anthrax or surra were ... contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, or surra were encountered. Buffa loes are the most important domestic animal, with an ...
1882: Paper on contagious pleuropneumonia of horned animals. Studies on swine erysipelas. 1883: Vaccination against swine ...
23.11.2012 New Aspects of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia. *20.11.2012 Pelvic Dimensions in Double-muscled Belgian Blue cows ... 21.09.2015 rTPA in The Treatment of Fibrinous Pleuropneumonia in Horses. *16.09.2015 Management of apposing, full-thickness ...
Seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Bharatpur,. Chitwan, Nepal*. Authors: LB Regmi, S Manandhar, L ... The seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in goats was 4.71% (5/106). Although seroprevalence was high among ... Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in 106 goats of ...
Milestones in the history of disease eradication over the years have been summarized (Table 2). Contagious pleuropneumonia of ... Contagious pleuropneumonia of cattle declared eradicated from United States after 5-year campaign costing $5 million, begun in ... Varicella is highly contagious, comparable with measles. Humans are the only reservoir of infection, and most who recover are ... There is no animal reservoir of infection, and this disease is less contagious than rubeola. The live-virus vaccine is ...
Contagious Pleuro-pneumonia(external link opens in a new window / tab). Cattle. 1893. ... Contagious Epididymitis (Brucella Ovis)(external link opens in a new window / tab). Sheep and goats. Never. ... Contagious Agalactia(external link opens in a new window / tab). All. Never. ...
A Survey for Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Agago and Otuke Districts in Northern Uganda, Open Journal of Veterinary ...
2. Contagious agalactia.. 3. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.. 4. Enzootic abortion of ewes (ovine chlamydiosis). ...
  • Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia Mycoplasma Mycoplasma mycoides Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia, reviewed and published by Wikivet at http://en.wikivet.net/Contagious_Caprine_Pleuropneumonia, accessed 31/08/2011. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) caused one the three great historic cattle plagues of the world along with foot and mouth disease and Rinderpest. (woah.org)
  • Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (Infection with Mycoplasma Mycoides Subsp. (woah.org)
  • Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. (woah.org)
  • There is an urgent need for improved vaccines for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP). (intvetvaccnet.co.uk)
  • Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. (intvetvaccnet.co.uk)
  • Reproduction of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia via aerosol-based challenge with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Suspected cases of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP), Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and Pest Petis Ruminantes (PPR) and foot and mouth diseases reported in these counties," said the authority. (co.ke)
  • The prevalence of diseases such as Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in livestock is rife across the African continent, causing significant economic losses for farmers and harm to animal health and welfare. (galvmed.org)
  • To address this discrepancy, ruminant herds in Afghanistan were screened for OIE-listed mycoplasma diseases, contagious bovine (CBPP) and caprine pleuropneumonias (CCPP). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The formation of an OIE twinning programme with the Mycoplasma Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) in the UK provided an opportunity to investigate the presence of important transboundary diseases in particular the OIE-listed contagious bovine (CBPP) and caprine (CCPP) pleuropneumonias caused by Mycoplasma species . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some of the zoonotic diseases that can be prevented and controlled with timely vaccines and drugs include foot and mouth disease, bluetongue, brucellosis, hemorrhagic septicemia, rift valley fever, and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. (fortunebusinessinsights.com)
  • mycoides antigens as targets for a DIVA assay for use with a subunit vaccine for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. (bvsalud.org)
  • Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a cause of major economic losses to goat producers in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. (wikipedia.org)
  • Current status of Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia worldwide at OIE. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a disease affecting goats and some wild ruminant species. (gov.ie)
  • The diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) has often been considered difficult. (hw.ac.uk)
  • Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly contagious infectious disease of goats caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides capri and Mycoplasma F38 bacteria. (extension.org)
  • Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP), for example, can result in economic losses of over $507 million per year in endemic areas, while PPR is highly contagious and affects almost 70 countries across the African continent. (galvmed.org)
  • Other diseases that combination vaccines are targeting include Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP), Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Newcastle Disease (ND), and Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro) (IBD). (galvmed.org)
  • But the productivity of these ruminants is threatened by diseases such as sheep and goat pox, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (goat pneumonia) and peste des petits ruminants (PPR), also known as goat plague, which can lead to the death of up to 100% of a flock. (ilri.org)
  • Poor identification of Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia diseases from its signs and symptoms is a major problem to goat farmers which leads to use of wrong method of disease control. (ac.ke)
  • CBPP is one of the most infectious and highly contagious diseases of cattle in Africa accounting for more than $38.8 million annual loss in cattle productivity in 12 endemic countries in sub-Saharan Africa. (intvetvaccnet.co.uk)
  • Because it is highly contagious with a mortality rate of up to 50%, it causes significant economic losses. (woah.org)
  • It is extremely contagious with very high morbidity and mortality rates, causing an interstitial fibrinous pleuropneumonia in infected goats. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histological examination of the lung tissues may show acute serofibrinous to chronic fibrino-necrotic pleuropneumonia with neutrophilic inflammation in the alveoli, bronchioles, interstitial septae and subpleural connective tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • An animal health certificate is required for imports of bovine animals and swine, and the certificate must indicate that the country of origin is free of foot and mouth disease, contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia, rinderpest, vesicular stomatitis, and lumpy skin disease. (trade.gov)
  • Cattle Commission on the Lung Plague of Cattle, or Contagious Pleuro-pneumonia, author. (nih.gov)
  • A pleuropneumonia of cattle and goats caused by species of MYCOPLASMA . (nih.gov)
  • Determination of Contagious Agalactia in Sheep and Goats and Investigation of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Mycoplasma spp. (arccjournals.com)
  • The Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization is targeting mid-2027 for the commercial scale distribution of a vaccine that will protect cattle from Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. (farms.com)
  • The University of Saskatchewan's Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization in partnership with the Kenya Agricultural Livestock Research Organization and the International Livestock Research Institute have developed a new vaccine to protect cattle from Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, or lung plague, a disease typically found in Sub-Saharan Africa. (farms.com)
  • According to the USDA, Foot-and-mouth (FMD) disease is a severe, highly contagious viral disease of cattle and swine. (theglobaldispatch.com)
  • Fibrinous pleuropneumonia with severe production of "port wine-colored" pleural fluid. (slu.se)
  • However, only Plum Island is authorized to handle the extremely contagious in animals FMD. (theglobaldispatch.com)
  • Canada is entirely free from rinderpest, pleuropneumonia and foot-and-mouth disease. (yourdictionary.com)
  • A. pleuropneumoniae (App) is the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, a contagious pulmonary infection in swine. (umontreal.ca)
  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is the etiologic agent of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, which causes important worldwide economic losses in the swine industry. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia - never out of Africa? (ld4d.org)
  • In testimony at the 2003 hearing, Dyckman identified more than 40 contagious foreign animal diseases as threats to the U.S. agricultural economy. (nih.gov)
  • FMD is so contagious that even a minor escape of the virus could be devastating to our livestock. (theglobaldispatch.com)