Polygonaceae
Polygonum
Rumex
Fagopyrum
The investigations into the interferon-like activity of Polygonum L. genus. (1/29)
The interferon inducing abilities of eleven ethanolic extracts obtained from nine taxons of Polygonum L. genus, were tested in the cell culture of monkey kidney. The extracts from the herb of Polygonum amphibium L. and the rhizome and fruit of Polygonum bistorta L. induced a substance showing an interferon-like activity. Biological activity studies showed that the protective titre (the highest dilution which protected cells by 50% against virus infection) of the interferon-like materials was 1:10-1:15. (+info)Nucleotide sequence variation of the chloroplast trnK/matK region in two wild Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae) species, F. leptopodum and F. statice. (2/29)
Nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of the intron of the chloroplast trnK (UUU) gene, including a matK gene, were investigated within two wild Fagopyrum species, F. leptopodum and F. statice, to assess the degree and pattern of the inter- and intraspecific differences in coding and noncoding chloroplast DNA regions in higher plants. Ten and five accessions were used for F. leptopodum and F. statice, respectively. The length of the trnK intron region in these species ranged from 2494 to 2506 bp. In the trnK intron, the net nucleotide substitution number per site (Da) between the two species was 0.00109, lower than the nucleotide diversity (pi), 0.00195 for F. leptopodum and 0.00144 for F. statice, suggesting a low level of interspecific divergence. This result seems to be due to the phylogenetic pattern that both species are interspersed with each other, which was revealed by the phylogenetic analyses based on the nucleotide substitutions and indels. In the matK gene region (1524 bp), seven and two nucleotide substitutions were found within F. leptopodum and F. statice, respectively. All of the nine nucleotide substitutions (eight of which were nonsynonymous) within and between F. leptopodum and F. statice were clustered in the 5' part of the matK gene region, and no variation was found in the 3' part. This suggests that most of the 3' part is occupied by the conserved domains that are important for the binding activity of the gene product to the precursor mRNA, and therefore implies that the 3' part is more functionally constrained than the 5' part. (+info)Resveratrol isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum root prevents tumor growth and metastasis to lung and tumor-induced neovascularization in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice. (3/29)
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phytoalexine found in medicinal plants. We found that resveratrol, at doses of 2.5 and 10 mg/kg, significantly reduced the tumor volume (42%), tumor weight (44%) and metastasis to the lung (56%) in mice bearing highly metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors, but not at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg. Resveratrol did not affect the number of CD4(+), CD8(+) and natural killer (NK)1.1.(+) T cells in the spleen. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on tumor growth and lung metastasis could not be explained by natural killer or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activation. In addition, resveratrol inhibited DNA synthesis most strongly in LLC cells; its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was 6.8 micromol/L. Resveratrol at 100 micromol/L increased apoptosis to 20.6 +/- 1.35% from 12.1 +/- 0.36% (P < 0.05) in LLC cells, and decreased the S phase population to 22.1 +/- 1.03% and 29.2 +/- 0.27% from 35.2 +/- 1.72% (P < 0.05) at concentrations of 50 and 100 micromol/L, respectively. Resveratrol inhibited tumor-induced neovascularization at doses of 2.5 and 10 mg/kg in an in vivo model. Moreover, resveratrol significantly inhibited the formation of capillary-like tube formation from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) at concentrations of 10-100 micromol/L; the degree of the inhibition of capillary-like tube formation by resveratrol was 45.5% at 10 micromol/L, 50.2% at 50 micromol/L and 52.6% at 100 micromol/L. Resveratrol inhibited the binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to HUVEC at concentrations of 10-100 micromol/L, but not at concentrations of 1 and 5 micromol/L. The degree of inhibition of VEGF binding to HUVEC by resveratrol was 16.9% at 10 micromol/L, 53.2% at 50 micromol/L and 47.8% at 100 micromol/L. We suggest that the antitumor and antimetastatic activities of resveratrol might be due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis in LLC cells and the inhibition of LLC-induced neovascularization and tube formation (angiogensis) of HUVEC by resveratrol (+info)Leaf O(2) uptake in the dark is independent of coincident CO(2) partial pressure. (4/29)
Elevated CO(2), in the dark, is sometimes reported to inhibit leaf respiration, with respiration usually measured as CO(2) efflux. Oxygen uptake may be a better gauge of respiration because non-respiratory processes can affect dark CO(2) efflux in elevated CO(2). Two methods of quantifying O(2) uptake indicated that leaf respiration was unaffected by coincident CO(2) level in the dark. (+info)Submergence research using Rumex palustris as a model; looking back and going forward. (5/29)
Flooding is a phenomenon that destroys many crops worldwide. During evolution several plant species evolved specialized mechanisms to survive short- or long-term waterlogging and even complete submergence. One of the plant species that evolved such a mechanism is Rumex palustris. When flooded, this plant species is capable to elongate its petioles to reach the surface of the water. Thereby it restores normal gas exchange which leads to a better survival rate. Enhanced levels of ethylene, due to physical entrapment, is the key signal for the plant that its environment has changed from air to water. Subsequently, a signal transduction cascade involving at least four (classical) plant hormones, ethylene, auxin, abscisic acid, and gibberellic acid, is activated. This results in hyponastic growth of the leaves accompanied by a strongly enhanced elongation rate of the petioles enabling them to reach the surface. Other factors, among them cell wall loosening enzymes have been shown to play a role as well. (+info)Topological incongruence between nuclear and chloroplast DNA trees suggesting hybridization in the urophyllum group of the genus Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae). (6/29)
We performed phylogenetic analyses of Fagopyrum species in the urophyllum group based on nucleotide sequences of two nuclear genes, FLORICAULA/LEAFY (FLO/LFY) and AGAMOUS (AG), and three segments of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), rbcL-accD, trnK intron, and trnC-rpoB spacer. The FLO/LFY and AG sequences turned out to be phylogenetically more informative at the intrageneric level than the cpDNA sequences. Congruence among these gene trees, inferred by a maximum-likelihood (ML) method, demonstrated that topologies were partially incongruent between the nuclear and chloroplast DNA phylogenies. The nuclear DNA sequence data supported a monophyletic relation of F. statice, F. gilesii, and F. jinshaense, whereas the former two species formed another monophyletic relation with the F. capillatum-F. gracilipes-F. gracilipedoides-F. rubifolium clade excluding F. jinshaense in the synthetic cpDNA phylogeny. In addition, two divergent sequences of FLO/LFY were found in F. rubifolium (tetraploid). One of these was sister to F. gracilipedoides and another was sister to F. statice, and a monophyletic relation of these two genes was rejected by a bootstrap analysis. These results suggest that hybridization may have occurred during diversification of Fagopyrum species in the urophyllum group, and that F. rubifolium is possibly allotetraploid species. (+info)Variation in DNA-ploidy Levels of Reynoutria Taxa in the Czech Republic. (7/29)
The genus Reynoutria is represented by four taxa in the Czech Republic: Reynoutria japonica var. japonica, R. japonica var. compacta, R. sachalinensis and R. xbohemica. By using flow cytometry, cytological variability within the genus is described based on 257 Reynoutria samples. The varieties of R. japonica are cytologically uniform, var. japonica is exclusively octoploid (2n = 8x = 88) and var. compacta occurs only as a tetraploid (2n = 4x = 44), but R. sachalinensis and R. xbohemica exhibit some variation in chromosome numbers. Reynoutria sachalinensis is predominantly tetraploid (2n = 4 x = 44), but also occurs occasionally as hexaploid and octoploid cytotypes. The most common ploidy level in R. xbohemica is hexaploid (2n = 6x = 66), but tetraploid and octoploid clones were also found. The four taxa occurring in the Czech Republic are described briefly and the possible origins of the cytotypes discussed. (+info)A new naphthopyrone from the root of Pleuropterus ciliinervis. (8/29)
A new naphthopyrone, pleuropyrone A (1), together with (-)-lyoniresinol 3a-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) and (+)-lyoniresinol 3a-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) was isolated from the roots of Pleuropterus ciliinervis. The structure of pleuropyrone A (1) was determined to be 2,5-dimethyl-8-hydroxynaphthopyrone 10-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR. Compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate antioxidant activity. (+info)I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Polygonaceae" is not a medical term. It is a botanical term that refers to a family of flowering plants, also known as the buckwheat family. This family includes various genera such as Polygonum, Rumex, and Reynoutria, among others. Many members of this family are important sources of food, medicine, and ornamental plants.
"Polygonum" is a genus of plants, also known as "knotweed," that belongs to the family Polygonaceae. It includes various species, some of which have been used in traditional medicine. However, it does not have a specific medical definition as it refers to a group of plants and not a particular medical condition or treatment. Some species of Polygonum have been studied for their potential medicinal properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. But, it is essential to note that further research is required to establish their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.
"Rumex" is a genus of plants, and it does not have a specific medical definition. However, some species of Rumex are used in traditional medicine or as herbal remedies. For example:
* Rumex acetosa (common sorrel) has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties.
* Rumex crispus (yellow dock) has been used as a laxative and to treat skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
* Rumex hydrolapathum (water dock) has been used to treat urinary tract infections and kidney stones.
It is important to note that the use of these plants as medicine should be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can also have side effects and interact with other medications. Additionally, the scientific evidence supporting their effectiveness as treatments for specific conditions is generally limited.
'Fagopyrum' is the genus name for buckwheat plants, which belong to the family Polygonaceae. There are several species within this genus, including Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat) and Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat). These plants are not related to wheat or grasses, despite their name. They are important crops in some parts of the world, particularly in Asia, and their seeds are used as a source of food and flour. Buckwheat is also valued for its high protein content and unique nutritional profile.
In medical terms, "Rheum" is not a specific disease or condition. Instead, it is a term that was historically used to refer to a variety of disorders characterized by inflammation and pain in the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the joints. These disorders were often associated with symptoms such as stiffness, swelling, and warmth in the affected areas.
Over time, the term "rheumatic diseases" has become more commonly used to describe this group of conditions. Rheumatic diseases now encompass a wide range of disorders that affect the joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, and other connective tissues. Examples include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, lupus, gout, and many others.
It's important to note that while "rheum" is an outdated term in modern medical nomenclature, it still holds historical significance and is sometimes used in the names of certain medical conditions or concepts, such as "rheumatology," which is the medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and management of rheumatic diseases.
Polygonaceae
Daniel E. Atha
Persicaria punctata
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Stenogonum
Oxytheca
Persicaria prostrata
APG IV system
Jaakko Jalas
Eastern Agricultural Complex
APG III system
Chorizanthe pungens
Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien
Rhinoncus
Emodin
Eriogonum longifolium var. gnaphalifolium
Dryopteris intermedia
Reveal system
Rumex palustris
Eriogonum zionis
Coccoloba gigantifolia
Coccoloba
Ruprechtia salicifolia
Rheum rhabarbarum
Persicaria cespitosa
Tanja Schuster
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List of food origins
Ann Conolly
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Genus Rheum (Polygonaceae): A Global Perspective - 1st Edition - Shahz
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Rumex acetosella (Polygonaceae) - inflorescence - whole - unspecified
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Psoriasis - Healthy.net
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Polygonum3
- Polygonaceae contain some of the most prolific weeds, including species of Persicaria, Rumex and Polygonum, as well as Japanese knotweed. (wikipedia.org)
- Polygonaceae persicarium: Smart arse with pink pokers and knobby knees What we in British Columbia call Smart Weed (more polite than smart arse) is Polygonum persicarium also known as lady's-thumb.Persicaria comes from the Latin word for "peach" because of the similarity of its leaves to those from the peach tree. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
- Persicaria amplexicaulis, Polygonum amplexicaule: Common name: fleeceflower: Family: polygonaceae: Life cycle: perennial (Z5-9) Flowers: purple (late summer-fall) Size: 3' Light: sun-part shade: Cultural notes: ordinary garden soil (not too dry) Bistorta amplexicaulis 'Firetail' NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to form a strategic partnership called N.C. Himalayan native. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
Rumex1
- Rumex crispus Polygonaceae Names: Curled or Curly Dock. (healthy.net)
Polygonoideae1
- Brandbyge followed earlier systems of plant classification in dividing Polygonaceae into two subfamilies, Eriogonoideae and Polygonoideae. (wikipedia.org)
Buckwheat3
- The Polygonaceae are a family of flowering plants known informally as the knotweed family or smartweed-buckwheat family in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
- Knotweeds (in the diverse buckwheat or Polygonaceae family) were the plants I said were used well in June Blake's garden. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
- Polygonaceae (Buckwheat Family) HABIT: Herbaceous: SUN REQUIREMENTS: Sun: SOIL: Wet, moist or average. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
Persicaria3
- Persicaria amplexicaulis 'Firetail' (per-sih-KAR-ee-uh) (am-pleks-ih-KAW-liss) Polygonaceae This is an interesting perennial that you don't see very often. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
- S garden long, turn bronze in winter the larger garden or polygonaceae persicaria amplexicaulis firetail nice. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
- Summer into autumn with polygonaceae persicaria amplexicaulis firetail blossoms to 6 inches long `` knobby knees of. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
Juss1
- Polygonaceae Juss. (funet.fi)
Species1
- The Polygonaceae comprise about 1200 species distributed into about 48 genera. (wikipedia.org)
Genus1
- Polygonaceae terdiri dari sekitar 1200 spesies [2] dalam 48 genus tanaman [3] . (wikipedia.org)
19931
- Brandbyge wrote descriptions for 43 genera of Polygonaceae in 1993. (wikipedia.org)
Herbaceous1
- Most Polygonaceae are perennial herbaceous plants with swollen nodes, but trees, shrubs and vines are also present. (wikipedia.org)
Comprise1
- Two large clades comprise Polygonaceae, generally corresponding to those found in previous molecular analyses. (urosario.edu.co)
Perennial1
- Inches long ( am-pleks-ih-KAW-liss ) Polygonaceae this is an interesting perennial that you don ' t recommend it for small. (autopujcovnatrebic.cz)
Collections1
- Familles des Apiaceae et les Polygonaceae de l 'herbier général du muséum Henri-Lecoq formé par la réunion des collections Henri Lecoq, Louis Brévière et Jacques Gautier-Lacroze. (gbif.fr)
Total1
- Circumscription of most of the currently recognized subgroups within Polygonaceae did not agree with clades identified in the total data analyses, with the exception of Rumiceae Dum. (urosario.edu.co)
Major1
- The convoluted taxonomic history of Polygonaceae is a major barrier to understanding evolution in this group, and only portions of it have been included in systematic treatments. (urosario.edu.co)
Found1
- We've found 0 poems matching polygonaceae . (poetry.com)
Long1
- Polygonaceae are very well-defined and have long been universally recognized. (wikipedia.org)
Family3
- The Polygonaceae are a family of flowering plants known informally as the knotweed family or smartweed-buckwheat family in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
- The junctions of the petioles with the stems are covered by a sheath formed by two fused stipules known as an ocrea , a thin, paper-like membrane - a characteristic of the family Polygonaceae . (wikipedia.org)
- A plant genus of the family POLYGONACEAE . (nih.gov)
Genus1
- Genus Rheum (Polygonaceae): A Global Perspective provides an integrative overview of a genus of highly valued medicinal herbs. (routledge.com)
Plant1
- Brandbyge followed earlier systems of plant classification in dividing Polygonaceae into two subfamilies, Eriogonoideae and Polygonoideae. (wikipedia.org)
Leaves1
- The leaves of Polygonaceae are simple, and arranged alternately on the stems. (wikipedia.org)