Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Orthostatic Intolerance
Midodrine
Tachycardia
Tilt-Table Test
Hypotension, Orthostatic
Vagus Nerve Diseases
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is an under-recognized condition in chronic fatigue syndrome. (1/54)
(+info)Psychiatric profile and attention deficits in postural tachycardia syndrome. (2/54)
(+info)Other autonomic neuropathies associated with ganglionic antibody. (3/54)
(+info)A review of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. (4/54)
(+info)Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). (5/54)
(+info)What is the optimal duration of tilt testing for the assessment of patients with suspected postural tachycardia syndrome? (6/54)
(+info)Defects in cutaneous angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin-(1-7) production in postural tachycardia syndrome. (7/54)
(+info)Decreased upright cerebral blood flow and cerebral autoregulation in normocapnic postural tachycardia syndrome. (8/54)
(+info)Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a condition characterized by an abnormally rapid heart rate (tachycardia) that occurs upon standing, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. The diagnostic criteria for POTS include:
1. A heart rate increase of 30 beats per minute or more within the first 10 minutes of standing or a heart rate of 120 beats per minute or more within the first 10 minutes of standing, measured by a heart rate monitor.
2. The presence of symptoms such as lightheadedness, dizziness, blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, headache, shortness of breath, or chest pain upon standing that are relieved by lying down.
3. Symptoms must be present for at least three months and occur in the absence of other medical conditions that could explain them.
POTS is thought to be caused by a dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and blood pressure. Treatment may include lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fluid and salt intake, wearing compression stockings, and avoiding prolonged standing or sitting. Medications that help regulate blood pressure and heart rate may also be prescribed.
Orthostatic intolerance is a condition in which an individual experiences lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting when standing or maintaining an upright position for extended periods. It is caused by an abnormal physiological response to gravity and results in inadequate blood flow to the brain upon standing.
The medical definition of orthostatic intolerance includes symptoms that are exacerbated by upright posture and relieved by recumbent (lying down) position. The underlying mechanisms involve dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and vasoconstriction.
Orthostatic intolerance can be a symptom of various medical conditions, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, and other autonomic disorders. Proper diagnosis and management require a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional to identify the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Midodrine is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called vasoconstrictors. It works by narrowing the blood vessels and increasing blood pressure. The medical definition of Midodrine is:
A synthetic derivative of the imidazole compound, adrenergic agonist, which is used in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension. Midodrine is a prodrug that is rapidly metabolized to its active form, desglymidodrine, after oral administration. It selectively binds to and activates alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, causing vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. The drug's effects are most pronounced on the venous side of the circulation, leading to increased venous return and cardiac output. Midodrine is typically administered orally in divided doses throughout the day, and its use is usually reserved for patients who have not responded to other treatments for orthostatic hypotension.
Tachycardia is a medical term that refers to an abnormally rapid heart rate, often defined as a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute in adults. It can occur in either the atria (upper chambers) or ventricles (lower chambers) of the heart. Different types of tachycardia include supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and ventricular tachycardia.
Tachycardia can cause various symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, lightheadedness, chest discomfort, or syncope (fainting). In some cases, tachycardia may not cause any symptoms and may only be detected during a routine physical examination or medical test.
The underlying causes of tachycardia can vary widely, including heart disease, electrolyte imbalances, medications, illicit drug use, alcohol abuse, smoking, stress, anxiety, and other medical conditions. In some cases, the cause may be unknown. Treatment for tachycardia depends on the underlying cause, type, severity, and duration of the arrhythmia.
A tilt-table test is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate symptoms of syncope (fainting) or near-syncope. It measures your body's cardiovascular response to changes in position. During the test, you lie on a table that can be tilted to change the angle of your body from horizontal to upright. This simulates what happens when you stand up from a lying down position.
The test monitors heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels while you're in different positions. If you experience symptoms like dizziness or fainting during the test, these can provide clues about the cause of your symptoms. The test is used to diagnose conditions like orthostatic hypotension (a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing), vasovagal syncope (fainting due to an overactive vagus nerve), and other heart rhythm disorders.
Posture is the position or alignment of body parts supported by the muscles, especially the spine and head in relation to the vertebral column. It can be described as static (related to a stationary position) or dynamic (related to movement). Good posture involves training your body to stand, walk, sit, and lie in positions where the least strain is placed on supporting muscles and ligaments during movement or weight-bearing activities. Poor posture can lead to various health issues such as back pain, neck pain, headaches, and respiratory problems.
A syndrome, in medical terms, is a set of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or underlying pathological process. It's essentially a collection of signs and/or symptoms that frequently occur together and can suggest a particular cause or condition, even though the exact physiological mechanisms might not be fully understood.
For example, Down syndrome is characterized by specific physical features, cognitive delays, and other developmental issues resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Similarly, metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus type 2 involve a group of risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels that collectively increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
It's important to note that a syndrome is not a specific diagnosis; rather, it's a pattern of symptoms that can help guide further diagnostic evaluation and management.
Orthostatic hypotension is a type of low blood pressure that occurs when you stand up from a sitting or lying position. The drop in blood pressure causes a brief period of lightheadedness or dizziness, and can even cause fainting in some cases. This condition is also known as postural hypotension.
Orthostatic hypotension is caused by a rapid decrease in blood pressure when you stand up, which reduces the amount of blood that reaches your brain. Normally, when you stand up, your body compensates for this by increasing your heart rate and constricting blood vessels to maintain blood pressure. However, if these mechanisms fail or are impaired, orthostatic hypotension can occur.
Orthostatic hypotension is more common in older adults, but it can also affect younger people who have certain medical conditions or take certain medications. Some of the risk factors for orthostatic hypotension include dehydration, prolonged bed rest, pregnancy, diabetes, heart disease, Parkinson's disease, and certain neurological disorders.
If you experience symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, it is important to seek medical attention. Your healthcare provider can perform tests to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms and recommend appropriate treatment options. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, such as increasing fluid intake, avoiding alcohol and caffeine, and gradually changing positions from lying down or sitting to standing up. In some cases, medication may be necessary to manage orthostatic hypotension.
Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per unit of time, often expressed as beats per minute (bpm). It can vary significantly depending on factors such as age, physical fitness, emotions, and overall health status. A resting heart rate between 60-100 bpm is generally considered normal for adults, but athletes and individuals with high levels of physical fitness may have a resting heart rate below 60 bpm due to their enhanced cardiovascular efficiency. Monitoring heart rate can provide valuable insights into an individual's health status, exercise intensity, and response to various treatments or interventions.
Vagus nerve diseases, also known as vagus nerve disorders, refer to conditions that affect the functioning of the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve is the tenth cranial nerve and extends from the brainstem to the abdomen, playing a crucial role in regulating various automatic functions of the body such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, and sweating.
Diseases of the vagus nerve can result from various causes, including inflammation, infection, trauma, compression, or degeneration. Some common vagus nerve disorders include:
1. Vagus nerve dysfunction: This is a general term used to describe any abnormality in the functioning of the vagus nerve. Symptoms may vary depending on the specific functions affected but can include difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, voice changes, and abnormal heart rate or blood pressure.
2. Vagus nerve neuropathy: This is a condition that results from damage to the vagus nerve fibers. It can cause symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, voice changes, and abnormal digestive function.
3. Gastroparesis: This is a condition in which the stomach muscles fail to contract properly, leading to delayed gastric emptying. Vagus nerve dysfunction is a common cause of gastroparesis.
4. Orthostatic hypotension: This is a condition characterized by a drop in blood pressure when standing up from a sitting or lying down position. Vagus nerve dysfunction can contribute to this condition by causing an abnormal response in the heart rate and blood vessels.
5. Inflammatory disorders: Certain inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and sarcoidosis can affect the vagus nerve and cause various symptoms.
Treatment for vagus nerve diseases depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
POTS47
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a condition characterized by an abnormally large increase in heart rate upon standing. (wikipedia.org)
- POTS symptoms may be treated with lifestyle changes such as increasing fluid and salt intake, wearing compression stockings, gentler and slow postural changes, avoiding prolonged bedrest, medication and physical therapy. (wikipedia.org)
- This increased heart rate should occur in the absence of orthostatic hypotension (>20 mm Hg drop in systolic blood pressure) to be considered POTS. (wikipedia.org)
- POTS is often accompanied by common features of orthostatic intolerance-in which symptoms that develop while upright are relieved by reclining. (wikipedia.org)
- POTS patients may also experience orthostatic headaches. (wikipedia.org)
- Other POTS patients only exhibit the cardinal symptom of orthostatic tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome ( POTS , also called postural tachycardia syndrome ) is a medical problem. (wikipedia.org)
- People with POTS also have other symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (symptoms that get worse when a person is standing up, and get better when the person is lying down). (wikipedia.org)
- Apart from classical orthostatic hypotension, the gravitational force may strongly contribute to other forms of orthostatic intolerance, delayed and postprandial OH, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and reflex syncope. (lu.se)
- POTS is rarely seen in older adults and presents as abnormal sinus tachycardia on standing with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance, dizziness, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. (lu.se)
- How to Prevent Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) Holistically? (iafaforallergy.com)
- The current diagnostic criteria for POTS is a heart rate increase of 30 beats per minute (bpm) or more, or over 120 bpm, within the first 10 minutes of standing, in the absence of orthostatic hypotension. (emilysuess.com)
- This can result in low blood pressure (Neurally Mediated Hypertension-NMH) or a compensatory rise in heart rate called Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS). (totalhealthmagazine.com)
- In March last year, I wrote a post about my recent diagnosis of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS). (glimpsinggembles.com)
- For some people, the cause could be another condition, like joint hypermobility syndrome (Ehlers-Danlos) or autoimmune diseases, so concentrating on these issues may see an improvement in the POTS symptoms. (glimpsinggembles.com)
- Unlike the above disorders, which each affect sympathetic and parasympathetic function, the autonomic condition postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) affects only sympathetic function. (medscape.com)
- One form of dysautonomia -postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)-which primarily affects women in the 15-50 age group, has faced diagnostic challenges. (patientsrising.org)
- A recent increase in reported POTS cases had researchers wondering about the association between the COVID-19 syndrome and POTS. (patientsrising.org)
- During a conversation with NPR , Lauren Stiles, JD, president of Dysautonomia International, pointed to growing research connecting a subset of post-COVID syndrome patients to a dysfunctional autonomic nervous system, some of whom, she said, meet the POTS diagnostic criteria . (patientsrising.org)
- Objective: To describe the postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), including clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods, and current management models. (elsevierpure.com)
- Results: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome presentation is discussed, along with underlying associated physiology for POTS and recommended nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management strategies. (elsevierpure.com)
- Abstract Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a syndrome that strikes the blood flow. (planetayurveda.net)
- One of the best things that you can do in order to deal with POTS is to follow the Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome Diet. (frederickearlstein.com)
- Background: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a cardiovascular autonomic disorder characterized by orthostatic intolerance and high prevalence among young women. (figshare.com)
- Conclusion: Patients with POTS have lower plasma level of proconvertase furin compared with individuals with normal postural hemodynamic response. (figshare.com)
- Pediatric Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a condition where the nerves in the body do not regulate blood flow as they should. (rainbowpeds.net)
- What are the Symptoms of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)? (healthline.com)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) can cause a number of different symptoms when you move from a seated to a standing position. (healthline.com)
- Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): State of the Science" by Steven Vernino, Julian M. Stewart et al. (touro.edu)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic and often disabling disorder characterized by orthostatic intolerance with excessive heart rate increase without hypotension during upright posture. (touro.edu)
- The evaluation of a patient with suspected POTS should seek to establish the diagnosis, identify co-morbid conditions, and exclude conditions that could cause or mimic the syndrome. (touro.edu)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an autonomic disorder characterized by symptoms such as palpitations, dyspnea, chest discomfort, and lightheadedness affecting various systems. (kansascity.edu)
- Those with orthostatic tachycardia and orthostatic symptoms mimicking postural tachycardia syndrome, they are defined as Long-COVID POTS [LCP]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Impaired parasympathetic function may contribute to the pathogenesis of Long-COVID POTS syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, or POTS, is a condition that causes a drop in blood pressure, fainting, and rapid heartbeat when you stand up from lying down. (kuronori.com)
- However, POTS is only diagnosed when acute dehydration and orthostatic hypotension are ruled out and there is no blood loss. (kuronori.com)
- The key difference between orthostatic hypotension and POTS is that there is no increase in heart rate or, if there is, it doesn't reach the threshold for POTS - an increase of more than 30 beats per minute or a heart rate exceeding 120 beats per minute. (kuronori.com)
- There are several types, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). (healthline.com)
- In a new study out of University of California San Diego School of Medicine, researchers found a drug used for heart failure improves symptoms associated with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, otherwise known as POTS. (ucsd.edu)
- Remarkably, in non-infection-triggered ME/CFS lower sCD26 in patients with higher heart rate after orthostatic challenge and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) suggest an association with orthostatic regulation. (frontiersin.org)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, or POTS, is a disorder that affects autonomic regulation resulting in an elevated heart rate with a normal blood pressure when standing. (hartfordhealthcare.org)
- A Michigan woman claims she developed postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) from the HPV vaccine Gadasil, which has left her unable to work or engage in any strenuous activity. (aboutlawsuits.com)
- However, a growing number of parents and young adults are now pursuing HPV vaccine lawsuits against Merck, claiming that the manufacturer withheld information about the risk of autoimmune disease problems from Gardasil , such as POTS, chronic fatigue syndrome, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and other debilitating conditions, which leave otherwise healthy and active young children with serious disabilities. (aboutlawsuits.com)
- Our Bodies Ourselves Today's Heart Health Content Expert, Dr. Dara Lee Lewis, discusses diagnosis, treatment, and living with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). (ourbodiesourselves.org)
- Yet for people affected by a disorder called postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), the simple act of standing can provoke lightheadedness and a racing heartbeat. (ourbodiesourselves.org)
- Although it has been promoted as safe, teens and young adults have reported experiencing a variety of problems caused by HPV vaccine Gardasil, including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) , premature ovarian failure, premature menopause, seizures and other autoimmune disorders, which emerged shortly after receiving the injection. (aboutlawsuits.com)
- POTS (also called postural autonomic tachycardia, or chronic or idiopathic orthostatic intolerance) is a syndrome of orthostatic intolerance in younger patients. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypotension6
- Orthostatic hypotension was easy to rule out. (emilysuess.com)
- Since orthostatic hypotension needs to be ruled out, see a cardiologist for an exam. (kuronori.com)
- Orthostatic hypotension , a common sign of dysautonomia, is a side effect of alpha- and beta-blockers . (healthline.com)
- Orthostatic (postural) hypotension is an excessive fall in blood pressure (BP) when an upright position is assumed. (msdmanuals.com)
- Orthostatic hypotension is a manifestation of abnormal BP regulation due to various conditions, not a specific disorder. (msdmanuals.com)
- Postprandial orthostatic hypotension is also common. (msdmanuals.com)
Symptoms4
- Prolonged bedrest may lead to multiple symptoms, including blood volume loss and postural tachycardia. (wikipedia.org)
- Put together, the words "postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome" mean that when a person stands up, they get tachycardia, and they also have other symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome refers to postural (posture), orthostatic (standing upright), Tachycardia (increased heart rate), syndrome (a group of symptoms). (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
- SALT LAKE CITY, UT - Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) may be an overlooked yet potentially treatable contributor to the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome/ myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), say physicians who specialize in ME/CFS and its manifestations. (medscape.com)
Intolerance5
- Older patients with a history of orthostatic intolerance, unexplained syncope and fall trauma, and negative result of active standing test should be further evaluated using cardiovascular autonomic tests such as head-up tilt testing, Valsalva maneuver, and carotid sinus massage. (lu.se)
- Whatever name you choose to call it, it falls under the umbrella of orthostatic intolerance. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
- Orthostatic intolerance is a major and very treatable part of what causes disability in CFS and fibromyalgia. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
- On the other hand, patient with a specific manifestation of PACS, the excessive orthostatic tachycardia and/or orthostatic intolerance, likely share common etiology. (biomedcentral.com)
- ME/CFS patients also report cognitive impairment - "brain fog" - and orthostatic intolerance, in which standing upright produces a racing heart rate and lightheadedness. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Autoimmune diseases1
- Diminished sCD26 concentrations have been reported in various autoimmune diseases and also in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). (frontiersin.org)
Pathophysiology1
- however, the pathophysiology of the syndrome is incompletely understood and undoubtedly multifaceted. (touro.edu)
Disorder1
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is a disorder related to blood circulation. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
Dizziness1
- Conclusion: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome patients commonly present with complaints of postural lightheadedness, or dizziness, which can be associated with various other conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
Sinus tachycardia1
- People with sinus tachycardia have a faster-than-normal heart rate. (healthline.com)
Disorders1
- Evidence increasingly suggests that disorders of postural hemodynamic control increase risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. (msdmanuals.com)
Abnormal1
- Balkin has postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, which causes an abnormal heart rate when she stands. (chicagotribune.com)
Activation syndrome3
- Examples include mast cell activation syndrome and systemic mastocytosis . (healthline.com)
- The concept that disease rooted principally in chronic aberrant constitutive and reactive activation of mast cells (MCs), without the gross MC neoplasia in mastocytosis, first emerged in the 1980s, but only in the last decade has recognition of "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) grown significantly. (degruyter.com)
- Subsequent literature regarding this newly recognized (but of course not truly new) "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) included case reports as well as formal studies (mostly relatively small scale), reviews, and various proposals for formal diagnostic criteria. (degruyter.com)
Syncope3
- Reflex syncope may manifest as orthostatic vasovagal reflex, situational syncope, or carotid sinus hypersensitivity, which becomes a. (lu.se)
- Reflex syncope may manifest as orthostatic vasovagal reflex, situational syncope, or carotid sinus hypersensitivity, which becomes a clinical syndrome when associated with history of unexplained syncope and positive provocation test, carotid sinus massage. (lu.se)
- Syncope Syncope is a sudden, brief loss of consciousness with loss of postural tone followed by spontaneous revival. (msdmanuals.com)
Ivabradine2
- Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of t" by Faryal Tahir, Taha Bin Arif et al. (kansascity.edu)
- Tahir F, Bin Arif T, Majid Z, Ahmed J, Khalid M. Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of the Literature. (kansascity.edu)
Fatigue4
- Family history i.e. autoimmune disease in past history, diabetes history, multiple sclerosis, murmur syndrome, hepatitis C, chronic fatigue syndrome, anemia etc are some of the causes of Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an acquired and complex chronic disease affecting multiple physical functions. (frontiersin.org)
- At least chronic fatigue syndrome is now recognized as a genuine ailment. (nakedcapitalism.com)
- It is also consistent with a standard feature of another chronic illness: myalgic encephalomyelitis, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome, or ME/CFS. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Shortness of bre1
- This can lead to issues such as a rapid heart rate ( tachycardia ) or shortness of breath when you change positions. (healthline.com)
Suggests1
- As the name suggests, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome revolves around an issue with an abnormally increased heart rate when changing position, typically from supine to upright. (glimpsinggembles.com)
Diseases2
- Supporting these findings, there is comorbidity of ME/CFS with other autoimmune-associated diseases including Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Sjogren's syndrome and inflammatory bowel syndrome ( 10 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Autonomic neuropathies are a collection of syndromes and diseases affecting the autonomic neurons, either parasympathetic or sympathetic, or both. (medscape.com)
Upright2
- In this syndrome there is an increased heart rate while standing upright as the blood stays in the lower body. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
- In this Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome there is increased heart rate while standing upright, lying down, sitting or hanging upside down. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
Diagnosis1
- Diagnosis and management of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: A brief review. (docmillersports.com)
Genetic1
- Also known as Riley-Day syndrome, this rare genetic condition mostly occurs in people of Ashkenazi Jewish descent. (healthline.com)
Respiratory1
- Continuous blood pressure and ECG were recorded during orthostatic stress test, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and Valsalva maneuver. (biomedcentral.com)
Disease1
- In this article we are going to discuss about the disease Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in detail and also the ayurvedic treatment in order to manage the Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
Treatment1
- lifestyle management etc is the main line of treatment of Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. (naturalayurvedictreatment.com)
Include2
- Testing may include a complete physical exam, orthostatic vital sign measurements, and a tilt-table test. (rainbowpeds.net)
- Examples include some forms of amyloidosis and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome . (healthline.com)