Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia
Aphasia, Primary Progressive
Aphasia, Broca
Aphasia
Frontotemporal Dementia
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
Neuropsychological Tests
Dementia
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive
Anomia
Atrophy
Language Tests
Apraxias
Agraphia
Speech Therapy
Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting
Apraxia, Ideomotor
Making sense of progressive non-fluent aphasia: an analysis of conversational speech. (1/21)
(+info)Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with a V180I mutation: comparative analysis with pathological findings and diffusion-weighted images. (2/21)
(+info)Speech errors in progressive non-fluent aphasia. (3/21)
(+info)Gray and white matter water diffusion in the syndromic variants of frontotemporal dementia. (4/21)
(+info)Frontal lobe damage impairs process and content in semantic memory: evidence from category-specific effects in progressive non-fluent aphasia. (5/21)
(+info)Why are patients with progressive nonfluent aphasia nonfluent? (6/21)
(+info)Multimodal predictors for Alzheimer disease in nonfluent primary progressive aphasia. (7/21)
(+info)Syndromes of nonfluent primary progressive aphasia: a clinical and neurolinguistic analysis. (8/21)
(+info)Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia (PPNA) is a rare type of dementia that primarily affects language abilities. According to the National Aphasia Association, it is characterized by progressive difficulty with speaking and writing, while comprehension of single words and object knowledge remains relatively intact. The "nonfluent" descriptor refers to the hesitant, effortful, and halting speech pattern observed in individuals with this condition.
The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term provided by the National Library of Medicine defines PPNA as:
"A progressive aphasia characterized by agrammatism and/or anomia with relatively preserved single word comprehension and object knowledge. This condition often, but not always, begins between the sixth and seventh decades of life. As the disorder progresses, it may be accompanied by ideomotor apraxia, alien hand syndrome, and elements of corticobasal degeneration."
It is important to note that PPNA is a clinical diagnosis, and there are currently no established biomarkers or imaging techniques to definitively diagnose this condition. The underlying neuropathology may vary between individuals with PPNA, but the most common causes include frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD).
Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a neurological disorder characterized by progressive loss of language capabilities, while other cognitive abilities remain preserved. It is a type of dementia that primarily affects speech and language. Unlike other forms of aphasia that result from stroke or head injury, PPA is degenerative and gets worse over time.
There are three main types of PPA:
1. Semantic Variant PPA (svPPA): This type is characterized by difficulty in understanding words and objects, despite having no trouble with the mechanics of speech or writing. Over time, people with svPPA may lose their ability to understand spoken or written language, as well as to recognize objects and faces.
2. Nonfluent/Agrammatic Variant PPA (nfvPPA): This type is characterized by difficulty with speaking and writing, including producing grammatical sentences and articulating words. People with nfvPPA may also have problems with understanding spoken language, particularly when it comes to complex sentences or ambiguous phrases.
3. Logopenic Variant PPA (lvPPA): This type is characterized by difficulty with word-finding and sentence repetition, while speech remains fluent. People with lvPPA may also have problems with understanding spoken language, particularly when it comes to complex sentences or ambiguous phrases.
The exact cause of PPA is not known, but it is believed to be related to degeneration of specific areas of the brain involved in language processing, such as Broca's area and Wernicke's area. There is currently no cure for PPA, but speech and language therapy can help to slow down the progression of the disorder and improve communication skills.
Broca's aphasia, also known as expressive aphasia or nonfluent aphasia, is a type of language disorder that results from damage to the brain's Broca's area, which is located in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere (usually the left).
Individuals with Broca's aphasia have difficulty producing spoken or written language. They often know what they want to say but have trouble getting the words out, resulting in short and grammatically simplified sentences. Speech may be slow, laborious, and agrammatic, with limited vocabulary and poor sentence structure. Comprehension of language is typically less affected than expression, although individuals with Broca's aphasia may have difficulty understanding complex grammatical structures or following rapid speech.
It's important to note that the severity and specific symptoms of Broca's aphasia can vary depending on the extent and location of the brain damage. Rehabilitation and therapy can help improve language skills in individuals with Broca's aphasia, although recovery may be slow and limited.
Aphasia is a medical condition that affects a person's ability to communicate. It is caused by damage to the language areas of the brain, most commonly as a result of a stroke or head injury. Aphasia can affect both spoken and written language, making it difficult for individuals to express their thoughts, understand speech, read, or write.
There are several types of aphasia, including:
1. Expressive aphasia (also called Broca's aphasia): This type of aphasia affects a person's ability to speak and write clearly. Individuals with expressive aphasia know what they want to say but have difficulty forming the words or sentences to communicate their thoughts.
2. Receptive aphasia (also called Wernicke's aphasia): This type of aphasia affects a person's ability to understand spoken or written language. Individuals with receptive aphasia may struggle to follow conversations, comprehend written texts, or make sense of the words they hear or read.
3. Global aphasia: This is the most severe form of aphasia and results from extensive damage to the language areas of the brain. People with global aphasia have significant impairments in both their ability to express themselves and understand language.
4. Anomic aphasia: This type of aphasia affects a person's ability to recall the names of objects, people, or places. Individuals with anomic aphasia can speak in complete sentences but often struggle to find the right words to convey their thoughts.
Treatment for aphasia typically involves speech and language therapy, which aims to help individuals regain as much communication ability as possible. The success of treatment depends on various factors, such as the severity and location of the brain injury, the individual's motivation and effort, and the availability of support from family members and caregivers.
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of disorders caused by progressive degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. These areas of the brain are associated with personality, behavior, and language.
There are three main types of FTD:
1. Behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD): This type is characterized by changes in personality, behavior, and judgment. Individuals may become socially inappropriate, emotionally indifferent, or impulsive. They may lose interest in things they used to enjoy and have difficulty with tasks that require planning and organization.
2. Primary progressive aphasia (PPA): This type affects language abilities. There are two main subtypes of PPA: semantic dementia and progressive nonfluent aphasia. Semantic dementia is characterized by difficulty understanding words and objects, while progressive nonfluent aphasia is characterized by problems with speech production and articulation.
3. Motor neuron disease (MND) associated FTD: Some individuals with FTD may also develop motor neuron disease, which affects the nerves that control muscle movement. This can lead to weakness, stiffness, and wasting of muscles, as well as difficulty swallowing and speaking.
FTD is a degenerative disorder, meaning that symptoms get worse over time. There is no cure for FTD, but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. The exact cause of FTD is not known, but it is believed to be related to abnormalities in certain proteins in the brain. In some cases, FTD may run in families and be caused by genetic mutations.
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. These areas of the brain are involved in decision-making, behavior, emotion, and language. FTLD can be divided into several subtypes based on the specific clinical features and the underlying protein abnormalities.
The three main subtypes of FTLD are:
1. Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD): This subtype is characterized by changes in personality, behavior, and judgment. People with bvFTD may lose their social inhibitions, become impulsive, or develop compulsive behaviors. They may also have difficulty with emotional processing and empathy.
2. Primary progressive aphasia (PPA): This subtype is characterized by the gradual deterioration of language skills. People with PPA may have difficulty speaking, understanding spoken or written language, or both. There are three subtypes of PPA: nonfluent/agrammatic variant, semantic variant, and logopenic variant.
3. Motor neuron disease (MND) with FTLD: This subtype is characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons, which are the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movements. People with MND with FTLD may develop symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), such as muscle weakness, stiffness, and twitching, as well as cognitive and behavioral changes associated with FTLD.
The underlying protein abnormalities in FTLD include:
1. Tau protein: In some forms of FTLD, the tau protein accumulates and forms clumps called tangles inside nerve cells. This is also seen in Alzheimer's disease.
2. TDP-43 protein: In other forms of FTLD, the TDP-43 protein accumulates and forms clumps inside nerve cells.
3. Fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein: In a small number of cases, the FUS protein accumulates and forms clumps inside nerve cells.
FTLD is typically a progressive disorder, meaning that symptoms worsen over time. There is currently no cure for FTLD, but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Neuropsychological tests are a type of psychological assessment that measures cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and perception. These tests are used to help diagnose and understand the cognitive impact of neurological conditions, including dementia, traumatic brain injury, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and other disorders that affect the brain.
The tests are typically administered by a trained neuropsychologist and can take several hours to complete. They may involve paper-and-pencil tasks, computerized tasks, or interactive activities. The results of the tests are compared to normative data to help identify any areas of cognitive weakness or strength.
Neuropsychological testing can provide valuable information for treatment planning, rehabilitation, and assessing response to treatment. It can also be used in research to better understand the neural basis of cognition and the impact of neurological conditions on cognitive function.
Dementia is a broad term that describes a decline in cognitive functioning, including memory, language, problem-solving, and judgment, severe enough to interfere with daily life. It is not a specific disease but rather a group of symptoms that may be caused by various underlying diseases or conditions. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases. Other causes include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and Huntington's disease.
The symptoms of dementia can vary widely depending on the cause and the specific areas of the brain that are affected. However, common early signs of dementia may include:
* Memory loss that affects daily life
* Difficulty with familiar tasks
* Problems with language or communication
* Difficulty with visual and spatial abilities
* Misplacing things and unable to retrace steps
* Decreased or poor judgment
* Withdrawal from work or social activities
* Changes in mood or behavior
Dementia is a progressive condition, meaning that symptoms will gradually worsen over time. While there is currently no cure for dementia, early diagnosis and treatment can help slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life for those affected.
Medical Definition:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed cross-sectional or three-dimensional images of the internal structures of the body. The patient lies within a large, cylindrical magnet, and the scanner detects changes in the direction of the magnetic field caused by protons in the body. These changes are then converted into detailed images that help medical professionals to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions, such as tumors, injuries, or diseases affecting the brain, spinal cord, heart, blood vessels, joints, and other internal organs. MRI does not use radiation like computed tomography (CT) scans.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Chronic Progressive is a form of Multiple Sclerosis, a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). In this form, the disease follows a steady progression with no distinct relapses or remissions. The symptoms worsen over time, leading to a decline in physical functioning and increased disability.
The term "chronic progressive" is used to describe the course of the disease, which is characterized by a continuous worsening of neurological functions from the onset, or after an initial relapsing-remitting phase. There are two types of chronic progressive MS: primary and secondary.
1. Primary Chronic Progressive MS (PCP): This form of MS shows a steady progression of symptoms from the beginning, with no distinct remissions or relapses. The disability accumulates gradually over time, and the person may experience varying degrees of physical and cognitive impairment.
2. Secondary Chronic Progressive MS (SCP): In this form, an individual initially has a relapsing-remitting course of MS (RRMS), characterized by unpredictable relapses followed by periods of partial or complete recovery (remissions). However, after some time, the disease transitions to a steady progression of symptoms and disability, even without distinct relapses. This is known as secondary chronic progressive MS.
The exact cause of Multiple Sclerosis remains unknown; however, it is believed to be influenced by genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. The disease involves the immune system attacking the myelin sheath, a protective covering surrounding nerve fibers in the CNS. This results in lesions or scars (scleroses) that disrupt communication between the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the body, leading to various physical, cognitive, and sensory symptoms.
Management of Chronic Progressive MS typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on symptom management, rehabilitation, and maintaining quality of life. Currently, there are no approved disease-modifying therapies specifically for chronic progressive MS; however, some medications used to treat relapsing-remitting MS may help slow the progression of disability in certain individuals with secondary chronic progressive MS.
Anomia is a language disorder that affects a person's ability to name objects, places, or people. It is often caused by damage to the brain, such as from a stroke, brain injury, or neurological condition. In anomia, a person has difficulty retrieving words from their memory, and may substitute similar-sounding words, describe the object instead of naming it, or be unable to come up with a name at all. Anomia can range from mild to severe and can significantly impact a person's ability to communicate effectively.
Atrophy is a medical term that refers to the decrease in size and wasting of an organ or tissue due to the disappearance of cells, shrinkage of cells, or decreased number of cells. This process can be caused by various factors such as disuse, aging, degeneration, injury, or disease.
For example, if a muscle is immobilized for an extended period, it may undergo atrophy due to lack of use. Similarly, certain medical conditions like diabetes, cancer, and heart failure can lead to the wasting away of various tissues and organs in the body.
Atrophy can also occur as a result of natural aging processes, leading to decreased muscle mass and strength in older adults. In general, atrophy is characterized by a decrease in the volume or weight of an organ or tissue, which can have significant impacts on its function and overall health.
In the context of medicine, particularly in neurolinguistics and speech-language pathology, language is defined as a complex system of communication that involves the use of symbols (such as words, signs, or gestures) to express and exchange information. It includes various components such as phonology (sound systems), morphology (word structures), syntax (sentence structure), semantics (meaning), and pragmatics (social rules of use). Language allows individuals to convey their thoughts, feelings, and intentions, and to understand the communication of others. Disorders of language can result from damage to specific areas of the brain, leading to impairments in comprehension, production, or both.
A language test is not a medical term per se, but it is commonly used in the field of speech-language pathology, which is a medical discipline. A language test, in this context, refers to an assessment tool used by speech-language pathologists to evaluate an individual's language abilities. These tests typically measure various aspects of language, including vocabulary, grammar, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
Language tests can be standardized or non-standardized and may be administered individually or in a group setting. The results of these tests help speech-language pathologists diagnose language disorders, develop treatment plans, and monitor progress over time. It is important to note that language testing should be conducted by a qualified professional who has experience in administering and interpreting language assessments.
Apraxia is a motor disorder characterized by the inability to perform learned, purposeful movements despite having the physical ability and mental understanding to do so. It is not caused by weakness, paralysis, or sensory loss, and it is not due to poor comprehension or motivation.
There are several types of apraxias, including:
1. Limb-Kinematic Apraxia: This type affects the ability to make precise movements with the limbs, such as using tools or performing complex gestures.
2. Ideomotor Apraxia: In this form, individuals have difficulty executing learned motor actions in response to verbal commands or visual cues, but they can still perform the same action when given the actual object to use.
3. Ideational Apraxia: This type affects the ability to sequence and coordinate multiple steps of a complex action, such as dressing oneself or making coffee.
4. Oral Apraxia: Also known as verbal apraxia, this form affects the ability to plan and execute speech movements, leading to difficulties with articulation and speech production.
5. Constructional Apraxia: This type impairs the ability to draw, copy, or construct geometric forms and shapes, often due to visuospatial processing issues.
Apraxias can result from various neurological conditions, such as stroke, brain injury, dementia, or neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Treatment typically involves rehabilitation and therapy focused on retraining the affected movements and compensating for any residual deficits.
Agraphia is a neurological disorder that affects the ability to write, either by hand or through mechanical means like typing. It is often caused by damage to specific areas of the brain involved in language and writing skills, such as the left parietal lobe. Agraphia can manifest as difficulty with spelling, forming letters or words, organizing thoughts on paper, or expressing ideas in writing. Depending on the severity and location of the brain injury, agraphia may occur in isolation or alongside other language or cognitive impairments.
Speech is the vocalized form of communication using sounds and words to express thoughts, ideas, and feelings. It involves the articulation of sounds through the movement of muscles in the mouth, tongue, and throat, which are controlled by nerves. Speech also requires respiratory support, phonation (vocal cord vibration), and prosody (rhythm, stress, and intonation).
Speech is a complex process that develops over time in children, typically beginning with cooing and babbling sounds in infancy and progressing to the use of words and sentences by around 18-24 months. Speech disorders can affect any aspect of this process, including articulation, fluency, voice, and language.
In a medical context, speech is often evaluated and treated by speech-language pathologists who specialize in diagnosing and managing communication disorders.
Speech Therapy, also known as Speech-Language Pathology, is a medical field that focuses on the assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of communication and swallowing disorders in children and adults. These disorders may include speech sound production difficulties (articulation disorders or phonological processes disorders), language disorders (expressive and/or receptive language impairments), voice disorders, fluency disorders (stuttering), cognitive-communication disorders, and swallowing difficulties (dysphagia).
Speech therapists, who are also called speech-language pathologists (SLPs), work with clients to improve their communication abilities through various therapeutic techniques and exercises. They may also provide counseling and education to families and caregivers to help them support the client's communication development and management of the disorder.
Speech therapy services can be provided in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, schools, private practices, and long-term care facilities. The specific goals and methods used in speech therapy will depend on the individual needs and abilities of each client.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "semantics" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. Semantics is actually a branch of linguistics that deals with the study of meaning, reference, and the interpretation of signs and symbols, either individually or in combination. It is used in various fields including computer science, anthropology, psychology, and philosophy.
However, if you have any medical terms or concepts that you would like me to explain, I'd be happy to help!
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is a type of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). In RRMS, the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers (myelin sheath) in the CNS, leading to the formation of lesions or scars (scleroses). These attacks result in episodes of new or worsening symptoms, known as relapses or exacerbations.
The distinguishing feature of RRMS is that these relapses are followed by periods of partial or complete recovery (remissions), during which symptoms may improve, stabilize, or even disappear temporarily. The duration and severity of relapses and remissions can vary significantly among individuals with RRMS. Over time, the accumulation of damage to the nervous system can lead to progressive disability.
Approximately 85% of people with MS are initially diagnosed with the relapsing-remitting form. With appropriate treatment and management, many people with RRMS can effectively manage their symptoms and maintain a good quality of life for several years.
Ideomotor apraxia is a neurological disorder that affects the ability to perform learned, purposeful movements in the absence of muscle weakness or paralysis. It results from damage to specific areas of the brain that are responsible for motor planning and execution.
In ideomotor apraxia, the person has difficulty translating an intention or idea into the appropriate movement. For example, if asked to pantomime using a toothbrush, they may not be able to recall and execute the correct sequence of movements required for this task, even though they understand what is being asked of them and have no problem moving their arm or hand.
This disorder can manifest as awkward, poorly coordinated, or incomplete movements, often with inconsistent errors. Ideomotor apraxia is typically seen following lesions to the left hemisphere of the brain, particularly in regions associated with language and motor function, such as Broca's area and the parietal lobe. Treatment usually involves occupational therapy and strategies to help compensate for the impaired motor skills.
Orphanet: Progressive non fluent aphasia
Neural correlates of syntactic processing in the nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia
Progressive nonfluent aphasia - Wikipedia
Hippocampal shape analysis in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration subtypes
Dementia and Antidepressant Medication
Primary progressive aphasia symptoms - Alzheimer's Research UK
Frontotemporal Dementia
Flavour identification in frontotemporal lobar degeneration | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
C9orf72, age at onset, and ancestry help discriminate behavioral from language variants in FTLD cohorts | Neurology
PSEN2 N141I | ALZFORUM
Retraining Syntactic Structures via Script Training in Progressive Aphasia: Evidence for Implicit Learning in Agrammatism
Frontotemporal Dementia | Memory and Aging Center
Kirrie Ballard - Google Scholar
Primary Progressive Aphasia, Non-Fluent Type
Hearing loss and Alzheimer?s disease: A Review
Roland Henry | UCSF Profiles
Frontotemporal Dementia and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Overview, Etiology, Genetic Distribution and Variation
Meet Progranulin, The Biomarker-A Simpler Story? | ALZFORUM
Behavioural and neuroanatomical correlates of auditory speech analysis in primary progressive aphasias | Alzheimer's Research &...
Frontotemporal Dementia and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Overview, Etiology, Genetic Distribution and Variation
Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma
Dementia And Sense Of Humor: No Laughing Matter
Frontotemporal dementia
Jet Vonk | UCSF Profiles
Items where Year is 1997 - The Aphasiology Archive
Year of Publication: 2021 - Discover @ UB LMU Search Results
Clinicopathologic assessment and imaging of tauopathies in neurodegenerative dementias | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy | Full...
Nantz National Alzheimer Center - Research output - Houston Methodist Scholars
PNFA5
- Progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) is one of three clinical syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
- PNFA has an insidious onset of language deficits over time as opposed to other stroke-based aphasias, which occur acutely following trauma to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- The subjects included 19 AD and 35 FTLD patients [13 frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 13 semantic dementia (SD), and 9 progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA)] and 21 controls. (nih.gov)
- Their clinical diagnoses range from FTD, AD, PD, primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA)-all from having inherited the same mutation. (alzforum.org)
- Two types make up PPA: semantic dementia (SD) and progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA). (rarerevolutionmagazine.com)
NfvPPA2
- Progressive nonfluent aphasia - Known as nfvPPA, this type of FTD dementia affects one's ability to produce speech, which becomes increasingly halting. (mentalhealth.com)
- Methods We studied flavour identification prospectively in 25 patients with FTLD (12 with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), eight with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), five with non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA)) and 17 healthy control subjects, using a new test based on cross-modal matching of flavours to words and pictures. (bmj.com)
Dementia27
- Based on these imaging methods, progressive nonfluent aphasia can be regionally dissociated from the other subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration, frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia. (wikipedia.org)
- Mesulam's original description in 1982 of progressive language problems caused by neurodegenerative disease (which he called primary progressive aphasia (PPA) included patients with progressive nonfluent (aphasia, semantic dementia, and logopenic progressive aphasia. (wikipedia.org)
- However, as research shed light on this condition and related neurodegenerative diseases, Pick's disease was grouped with semantic dementia and primary progressive aphasia under the umbrella term frontotemporal dementia. (mentalhealth.com)
- 1-6 Impairments of flavour processing and particularly flavour agnosia have been associated with focal anterior temporal lobe damage and, in the neurodegenerative disease spectrum, with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), especially the syndrome of semantic dementia or semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA). (bmj.com)
- One mutation carrier developed progressive dementia at age 51 and died at age 61 following a disease characterized by memory loss, rigidity, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. (alzforum.org)
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of related conditions resulting from the progressive degeneration of the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain. (ucsf.edu)
- Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an acquired condition characterized by progressive cognitive and behavioural decline and is the second most common form of dementia in the general population after mild cognitive impairment[ 1 ]. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- In 1982, Mesulam reported 6 patients with progressive aphasia, gradually worsening over a number of years, who did not develop a more generalized dementia. (medscape.com)
- Subsequently, the PPA syndrome was defined as a disorder limited to progressive aphasia, without general cognitive impairment or dementia, over a 2-year period. (medscape.com)
- In England and Europe, cases of frontal lobe dementia were described with progressive dysfunction of the frontal lobes. (medscape.com)
- The condition described in the North American literature as primary progressive aphasia and that described in the European literature as frontal dementia have been combined under the term frontotemporal lobe dementia (FTD) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). (medscape.com)
- The progressive aphasias have been divided into 3 groups: progressive nonfluent aphasia, semantic dementia, and logopenic progressive aphasia. (medscape.com)
- In recent years, the term frontotemporal dementia has become an umbrella term referring to clinical syndromes of frontal dementia or progressive aphasia. (medscape.com)
- A recent study in the United Kingdom asked the primary caregivers of people with different subtypes of dementia - frontotemporal , semantic, progressive non-fluent aphasia (speech disorder), and Alzheimer's disease - to rate how much the participants liked and were exposed to different types of humor. (dementia.org)
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the frontal and/or temporal lobe generally caused by mutations to proteins in the brain (e.g. (amboss.com)
- Her overall goal is to investigate the evolution of language use and cognitive decline throughout the course of dementia to help accurate and timely diagnosis, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia. (ucsf.edu)
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by clinical, genetic and neuropathologic heterogeneity. (biomedcentral.com)
- His Clinical psychology research incorporates themes from Epidemiology, Progressive nonfluent aphasia, Semantic dementia, Primary progressive aphasia and Comorbidity. (research.com)
- His primary areas of study are Neuroscience, Cognitive psychology, Frontotemporal dementia, Interoception and Brain network. (research.com)
- Under the primary progressive aphasias there are two subtypes: progressive nonfluent aphasia and semantic dementia. (rarerevolutionmagazine.com)
- Language deficits in major forms of dementia and primary progressive aphasias: an update according to new diagnostic criteria]. (ulaval.ca)
- Atypical Parkinsonism affects about five to ten percent of patients with Parkinsonism and includes the diseases Corticobasal Degeneration, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Lewy Body Dementia and Multiple System Atrophy. (bz-bx.net)
- Atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (APS) feature a heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases, to which multiple system atrophy (MSA), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) are counted. (bz-bx.net)
- Pick disease (named after Arnold Pick) is a progressive dementia defined by clinical and pathologic criteria. (medscape.com)
- Two types of primary progressive aphasia are identified: (1) semantic dementia, in which meaning systems are lost from language, and (2) nonfluent primary progressive aphasia. (medscape.com)
- There is a growing population of individuals diagnosed with various forms of Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) and Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), and this number is likely to increase as medical practitioners and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) become more expert at identifying these conditions. (edu.au)
- Progressive supranuclear palsy is a rare, degenerative central nervous system disorder that progressively impairs voluntary eye movements and causes bradykinesia, muscular rigidity with progressive axial dystonia, pseudobulbar palsy, and dementia. (msdmanuals.com)
Types of primary progres1
- With all types of primary progressive aphasia (PPA), speech and language are affected first. (alzheimersresearchuk.org)
Alzheimer's1
- Language deficits in Alzheimer's disease and in nonfluent/agrammatic and semantic variants of primary progressive aphasia are well documented. (ulaval.ca)
Variants2
- Motor speech disorders in the nonfluent, semantic and logopenic variants of primary progressive aphasia. (uni-muenchen.de)
- Language deficits are also the core features of three variants of primary progressive aphasia, namely the nonfluent/agrammatic, semantic and logopenic variants. (ulaval.ca)
Apraxia of speech2
- Apraxia of speech (AOS) is a core diagnostic feature of nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (naPPA). (pennftdcenter.org)
- Each chapter provides a comprehensive outline of testing that will assist in the diagnosis of the cognitive-communication disorders associated with FTD, PPAs, and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS). (edu.au)
Frontal2
- Hematoxylin and eosin stain of the left frontal cortex from a patient with primary progressive aphasia. (medscape.com)
- His Cognitive psychology research incorporates elements of Primary progressive aphasia and Frontal lobe. (research.com)
Variant of primary2
- However, her prominent memory decline prompted a revised diagnosis of logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia due to AD. (alzforum.org)
- The identification of logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia is very recent, and more research is needed to complete the clinical description and identification of the functional origin of the disorders. (ulaval.ca)
Syndromes1
- His case study "On the relationship between aphasia and senile atrophy of the brain" still serves as a frame of reference for apparently focal brain syndromes in diffuse or generalized degenerative diseases of the brain. (medscape.com)
Fluent1
- As the condition worsened she was referred to a behavioral neurologist who diagnosed primary progressive aphasia, non-fluent type (PPA), also known as "agrammatic PPA. (theaftd.org)
Syndrome6
- We conclude that in nonfluent PPA, the posterior IFC is not only structurally damaged, but also functionally abnormal, suggesting a critical role for this region in the breakdown of syntactic processing in this syndrome. (unitn.it)
- Corticobasal syndrome (CBS), also called corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are two related diseases that are not classified as FTD but often share symptoms with FTD. (ucsf.edu)
- A surprising finding of this investigation is that AOS is not associated with an underlying motor disorder such as corticobasal syndrome or progressive supranuclear palsy. (pennftdcenter.org)
- Definition: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease, which may present clinically in the form of autonomous dysfunction, Parkinsonian syndrome, cerebellar symptoms or pyramidal tract signs. (bz-bx.net)
- Primary progressive aphasia is a focal atrophy syndrome that may be associated with Pick disease, Alzheimer disease, or other pathology. (medscape.com)
- People with learning disabilities such as dyslexia may be at higher risk of FTD, but it is not known whether this is generally true or if it is true only for certain patterns of learning disability and, whether only certain types of symptoms, such as the syndrome complex of primary progressive aphasia, may be more common in people with a learning disability history. (medscape.com)
Clinical3
- The main clinical features are signature language progressive difficulties with speech production. (wikipedia.org)
- Because the biofluid arm participants do not undergo the same detailed clinical and functional assessments required for the longitudinal arm, participants may be included regardless of primary language, as long as an appropriately translated consent is available. (ucsf.edu)
- Primary Progressive Aphasia and Other Frontotemporal Dementias is targeted toward practicing clinicians, graduate students, and clinical researchers who are interested in the latest conceptualization of FTD spectrum disorders. (edu.au)
Diagnosis3
- The primary progressive aphasias (PPAs) continue to present substantial problems of classification and diagnosis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Primary Progressive Aphasia and Other Frontotemporal Dementias: Diagnosis and Treatment of Associated Communication Disorders is the second volume in the 'Medical Speech-Language Pathology' book series. (edu.au)
- Aphasia -- Diagnosis. (edu.au)
Patients5
- Using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, we quantified tissue volumes and functional responses to a syntactic comprehension task in eight patients with nonfluent PPA, compared to healthy age-matched controls. (unitn.it)
- In nonfluent PPA patients, the posterior IFC was atrophic and, unlike controls, showed an equivalent level of functional activity for syntactically complex and simpler sentences. (unitn.it)
- [ 1 , 2 ] Cases of elderly patients with progressive language deterioration have been described since Arnold Pick's landmark case report of 1892. (medscape.com)
- Patients exhibit progressive changes in social, behavioral, and/or language function. (bvsalud.org)
- Neurodegeneration in patients with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) decreases local blood flow affecting both language and domain-general performance. (easychair.org)
Posterior1
- Our objective was to determine whether the atrophic posterior IFC is differentially recruited for the processing of syntactically complex sentences in nonfluent PPA. (unitn.it)
LvPPA1
- There is a third form of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) called logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA). (ucsf.edu)
Behavioural1
- We use the overall umbrella term of FTD, there are two types: there is a behavioural variant and primary progressive aphasia. (rarerevolutionmagazine.com)
PPAs1
- Non-verbal auditory impairment is increasingly recognised in the primary progressive aphasias (PPAs) but its relationship to speech processing and brain substrates has not been defined. (biomedcentral.com)
Subtype1
- She was originally diagnosed with the FTD subtype, progressive nonfluent aphasia. (alzforum.org)
Supranuclear gaze palsy1
- Some members may present primarily with amyotrophy, and others may present with primary supranuclear gaze palsy, parkinsonism, schizophrenialike thought disorder, or progressive aphasia and/or apraxia. (medscape.com)
Deficits2
- This disorder commonly has a primary effect on the left hemisphere, causing the symptomatic display of expressive language deficits (production difficulties) and sometimes may disrupt receptive abilities in comprehending grammatically complex language. (wikipedia.org)
- Studies have documented the benefits of script training for functional communication in aphasia, but few have examined whether script training can remediate underlying linguistic deficits. (easychair.org)
Atrophy1
- [ 3 ] As Pick stated, "simple progressive brain atrophy can lead to symptoms of local disturbance through local accentuation of the diffuse process. (medscape.com)
Speech2
- We examined the effects of script training with embedded syntactic targets on the ability of participants with progressive agrammatic aphasia to accurately produce complex syntactic structures in constrained tasks and spontaneous speech. (easychair.org)
- eg difficulty using or understanding words (aphasia) and difficulty speaking properly (e.g., slurred speech). (bestbulksmsonline.com)
Language3
- Primary progressive aphasia - Known as PPA, this type of FTD degeneration focuses on the loss of language abilities in both the receptive and expressive realms. (mentalhealth.com)
- 2. Primary progressive aphasia PPA: Changes in the ability to communicate (use of language to speak, read, write, and understand what others are saying). (bestbulksmsonline.com)
- Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), rare neurological movement disorders associated with FTD, may affect thinking and language abilities. (bestbulksmsonline.com)
Neurons1
- As neurons in these areas stop working, the primary FTD symptoms discussed below begin to appear. (mentalhealth.com)
Degeneration1
- Primary lateral sclerosis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor neuron diseases are characterized by steady, relentless, progressive degeneration of corticospinal tracts, anterior horn cells, bulbar motor nuclei. (msdmanuals.com)
Decline1
- however, individuals with FTD experience a progressive decline in behaviour and changes in their personality. (rarerevolutionmagazine.com)
Symptoms2
- Fewer Pick bodies may be present in these regions if the primary symptoms are behavioral (behavioral variant), compared with the primary symptoms of aphasia. (medscape.com)
- Symptoms of progressive supranuclear palsy usually begin in late middle age. (msdmanuals.com)
Consistent1
- Findings support the utility of implicit modes of training for syntax production in agrammatic progressive aphasia, consistent with evidence of implicit learning and positive effects of implicit priming in treatment for stroke-induced agrammatic aphasia. (easychair.org)
Functional1
- however, the functional status of this region in nonfluent PPA is not well understood. (unitn.it)
Affects1
- Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) affects the ability to communicate. (rarerevolutionmagazine.com)
Cognition1
- His Social cognition study which covers Empathy that intersects with Primary progressive aphasia. (research.com)