Psychomotor disorders. Medical search. Definitions

Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders.

A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.

Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.

Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.

Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.

Categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features. It is produced by the American Psychiatric Association. (DSM-IV, page xxii)

Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.

A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)

An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension.

A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event.

A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V)

Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable.

Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements.

Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Disorders related to substance abuse.

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors include aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. The onset is before age 18. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that may accompany another another condition. (From DSM-IV, 1994)

Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.

Iron supplemented formula milk related to reduction in psychomotor decline in infants from inner city areas: randomised study. (1/377)

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of unmodified cows' milk and iron supplemented formula milk on psychomotor development in infants from inner city areas when used as the main milk source. DESIGN: Double blind, randomised intervention trial. SETTING: Birmingham health centre. SUBJECTS: 100 infants, mean age 7.8 months (range 5.7 to 8.6 months), whose mothers had already elected to use unmodified cows' milk as their infant's milk source. INTERVENTION: Changing to an iron supplemented formula milk from enrolment to 18 months of age, or continuing with unmodified cows' milk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Developmental assessments using Griffiths scales at enrolment and at 18 and 24 months. RESULTS: 85 participants completed the trial. There were no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the two groups at enrolment, but by 18 months of age 33% of the unmodified cows' milk group, but only 2% of the iron supplemented group, were anaemic (P<0.001). The experimental groups had Griffiths general quotient scores that were not significantly different at enrolment, but the scores in both groups declined during the study. By 24 months the decrease in the mean scores in the unmodified cows' milk group was 14.7 whereas the decrease in the mean scores in the iron supplemented group was 9.3 (P<0.02, 95% confidence interval 0.4 to 10.4). Mean subquotient scores were considerably lower in the unmodified cows' milk group at 24 months; significantly so for personal and social scores (P<0.02, 1.2 to 16.8 [corrected]). CONCLUSION: Replacing unmodified cows' milk with an iron supplemented formula milk up to 18 months of age in infants from inner city areas prevents iron deficiency anaemia and reduces the decline in psychomotor development seen in such infants from the second half of the first year. (+info)

Clinical significance of delirium subtypes in older people. (2/377)

OBJECTIVE: to examine the relative frequency and outcome of clinical subtypes of delirium in older hospital patients. DESIGN: prospective observational study. SETTING: acute geriatric unit in a teaching hospital. SUBJECTS: 94 patients with delirium from a prospective study of 225 admissions. MEASUREMENTS: clinical subtypes of delirium were determined according to predefined criteria. Characteristics examined in these subgroups included illness severity on admission, prior cognitive impairment, mortality, duration of hospital stay and hospital-acquired complications. RESULTS: of the 94 patients, 20 (21%) had a hyperactive delirium, 27 (29%) had a hypoactive delirium, 40 (43%) had a mixed hypoactive-hyperactive psychomotor pattern and seven (7%) had no psychomotor disturbance. There were significant differences between the four groups in illness severity (P < 0.05), length of hospital stay (P < 0.005) and frequency of falls (P < 0.05). Patients with hypoactive delirium were sicker on admission, had the longest hospital stay and were most likely to develop pressure sores. Patients with hyperactive delirium were most likely to fall in hospital. There were no differences in aetiological factors between the groups. CONCLUSION: outcomes of hospitalization differ in different clinical subtypes of delirium. (+info)

Partial midline fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres with vertical folia: a new cerebellar malformation? (3/377)

MR imaging depicted vertically oriented folia instead of the normal horizontal folial pattern, hypoplastic cerebellar vermis, fusion of the inferior posterior cerebellum, and probable polymicrogyria in the superior cerebellar hemispheres in a child with hypotonia, nystagmus, ataxia, and psychomotor retardation. We propose that this newly discovered cerebellar malformation be added to the list of malformations associated with aplasia or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis, such as Dandy-Walker malformation, Joubert syndrome, tectocerebellar dysraphia, and rhombencephalosynapsis. (+info)

Uncommon morphologic characteristics in Leigh's disease. (4/377)

We describe a 4-month-old male patient with severe developmental delay and elevated lactate in blood and CSF. The MR images showed abnormalities differing from the typical pattern found in association with Leigh's disease. The examination of fibroblast cultures showed diminished activity of mitochondrial complexes I and III. The patient died at the age of 9 months. (+info)

Disturbance of cerebral function in people exposed to drinking water contaminated with aluminium sulphate: retrospective study of the Camelford water incident. (5/377)

OBJECTIVE: To establish whether people exposed to drinking water contaminated with 20 tonnes of aluminium sulphate in the Camelford area of Cornwall in the south west of England in July 1988 had suffered organic brain damage as opposed to psychological trauma only. DESIGN: Retrospective study of affected people. PARTICIPANTS: 55 affected people and 15 siblings nearest in age to one of the group but who had not been exposed to the contaminated water were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Various clinical and psychological tests to determine medical condition and anxiety levels in affected people. Assessment of premorbid IQ (pFSIQ) with the national adult reading test, a computerised battery of psychomotor testing, and measurement of the difference in latencies between the flash and pattern visual evoked potentials in all participants. RESULTS: The mean (SE) pFSIQ was above average at 114.4 (1.1). The most sensitive of the psychomotor tests for organic brain disease was the symbol digit coding (SDC) test (normal score 100, abnormal <85). PARTICIPANTS performed less well on this test (54.5 (6.0)) than expected from their pFSIQ (P<0.0001) and a little less poorly on the averaged less discriminating tests within the battery (86.1 (2.5), P<0.0001). In a comparison with the 15 sibling pairs (affected people's age 41.0 (3.3) years v sibling age of 42.7 (3.1) years (P=0.36) the exposed people had similar pFSIQ (114.7 (2.1)) to their siblings (116.3 (2.1), (P=0.59) but performed badly on the symbol digit coding test (51.8 (16.6)) v (87.5 (4.9) for siblings, P=0.03). The flash-pattern differences in exposed people were greater than in 42 unrelated control subjects of similar age (27.33 (1.64) ms v 18. 57 (1.47) ms, P=0.0002). The 15 unexposed siblings had significantly better flash-pattern differences than their affected siblings (13.4 (2.4) ms v 29.6 (2.9) ms, P=0.0002). No effect of anxiety could be shown on these measurements from the analysis of the anxiety scores of exposed people. CONCLUSION: People who were exposed to the contaminated water at Camelford suffered considerable damage to cerebral function, which was not related to anxiety. Follow up studies would be required to determine the longer term prognosis for affected individuals. (+info)

Benzodiazepines in Miami-Dade County, Florida driving under the influence (DUI) cases (1995-1998) with emphasis on Rohypnol: GC-MS confirmation, patterns of use, psychomotor impairment, and results of Florida legislation. (6/377)

Benzodiazepines are central nervous system depressant drugs often detected in biological samples from driving under the influence (DUI) offenders. They are associated with marked psychomotor impairment and represent up to 20% of all Miami-Dade County, Florida DUI urine samples analyzed in our laboratory annually. Flunitrazepam emerged in the mid-1990s as an illegal drug in the U.S. that was predominantly abused recreationally and associated with sexual assaults. Immunoassays for benzodiazepines do not discriminate between different benzodiazepines, and certain metabolites, such as 7-aminoflunitrazepam, react poorly with immunoassay reagents. A simple and sensitive method for the detection and quantitation of major benzodiazepines and metabolites by gas chromatography with mass selective detection is presented. This method was used to confirm benzodiazepines in general and flunitrazepam in particular. Data collected over a three-and-a-half-year period are summarized. Whereas flunitrazepam was present in up to 10% of DUI cases in 1995 and 1996 and had fast become the most frequently encountered benzodiazepine in Miami-Dade County DUI-related urine samples, a dramatic drop in case numbers followed the legal reclassification of the drug as a Schedule I substance in Florida in February 1997. Flunitrazepam was often used alone or in combination with cannabis and cocaine. A recent rise in clonazepam cases coincides with the decrease in flunitrazepam confirmation and may indicate a new trend in the abuse of benzodiazepines in South Florida. (+info)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type II. (7/377)

The carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndromes (CDGS) are a group of autosomal recessive multisystemic diseases characterized by defective glycosylation of N-glycans. This review describes recent findings on two patients with CDGS type II. In contrast to CDGS type I, the type II patients show a more severe psychomotor retardation, no peripheral neuropathy and a normal cerebellum. The CDGS type II serum transferrin isoelectric focusing pattern shows a large amount (95%) of disialotransferrin in which each of the two glycosylation sites is occupied by a truncated monosialo-monoantennary N-glycan. Fine structure analysis of this glycan suggested a defect in the Golgi enzyme UDP-GlcNAc:alpha-6-D-mannoside beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II (GnT II; EC 2.4.1.143) which catalyzes an essential step in the biosynthetic pathway leading from hybrid to complex N-glycans. GnT II activity is reduced by over 98% in fibroblast and mononuclear cell extracts from the CDGS type II patients. Direct sequencing of the GnT II coding region from the two patients identified two point mutations in the catalytic domain of GnT II, S290F (TCC to TTC) and H262R (CAC to CGC). Either of these mutations inactivates the enzyme and probably also causes reduced expression. The CDG syndromes and other congenital defects in glycan synthesis as well as studies of null mutations in the mouse provide strong evidence that the glycan moieties of glycoproteins play essential roles in the normal development and physiology of mammals and probably of all multicellular organisms. (+info)

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: can we make a positive diagnosis? (8/377)

Many disorders other than epilepsy are characterized by paroxysmal events. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (NES) form one differential diagnostic group which mimic epileptic phenomena and are caused by various psychic disorders. The diagnosis of NES is mostly based on the exclusion of epilepsy. We review the histories of six patients, who were hospitalized in an epilepsy unit and were diagnosed as having psychogenic NES. Most of them had been previously given the diagnosis of epilepsy. It is suggested that for accurate diagnosis it is very important that a patient initially undergoes psychiatric assessment along with standard diagnostic procedures (e.g. neurologic, psychological and physical investigations), that may encourage making a positive diagnosis of non-epilepsy. (+info)

Psychomotor disorders are conditions that involve abnormalities in cognition, emotion, and behavior associated with impaired voluntary motor or movement functions. These disorders can be characterized by hypoactivity (decreased motor activity) or hyperactivity (increased motor activity). Examples of psychomotor disorders include Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Tourette syndrome, and catatonia. Psychomotor agitation, retardation, and stereotypies are also considered psychomotor disorders. These conditions can significantly impact a person's daily functioning and quality of life.

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). When you become depressed, you may feel sad or hopeless and lose interest or pleasure in most activities. When your mood shifts to mania or hypomania (a less severe form of mania), you may feel euphoric, full of energy, or unusually irritable. These mood swings can significantly affect your job, school, relationships, and overall quality of life.

Bipolar disorder is typically characterized by the presence of one or more manic or hypomanic episodes, often accompanied by depressive episodes. The episodes may be separated by periods of normal mood, but in some cases, a person may experience rapid cycling between mania and depression.

There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:

* Bipolar I Disorder: This type is characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, which may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.
* Bipolar II Disorder: This type involves the presence of at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode, but no manic episodes.
* Cyclothymic Disorder: This type is characterized by numerous periods of hypomania and depression that are not severe enough to meet the criteria for a full manic or depressive episode.
* Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders: These categories include bipolar disorders that do not fit the criteria for any of the other types.

The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown, but it appears to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurochemical factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes to help manage symptoms and prevent relapses.

A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. It's associated with distress and/or impaired functioning in social, occupational, or other important areas of life, often leading to a decrease in quality of life. These disorders are typically persistent and can be severe and disabling. They may be related to factors such as genetics, early childhood experiences, or trauma. Examples include depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and personality disorders. It's important to note that a diagnosis should be made by a qualified mental health professional.

Anxiety disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by feelings of excessive and persistent worry, fear, or anxiety that interfere with daily activities. They include several different types of disorders, such as:

1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): This is characterized by chronic and exaggerated worry and tension, even when there is little or nothing to provoke it.
2. Panic Disorder: This is characterized by recurring unexpected panic attacks and fear of experiencing more panic attacks.
3. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): Also known as social phobia, this is characterized by excessive fear, anxiety, or avoidance of social situations due to feelings of embarrassment, self-consciousness, and concern about being judged or viewed negatively by others.
4. Phobias: These are intense, irrational fears of certain objects, places, or situations. When a person with a phobia encounters the object or situation they fear, they may experience panic attacks or other severe anxiety responses.
5. Agoraphobia: This is a fear of being in places where it may be difficult to escape or get help if one has a panic attack or other embarrassing or incapacitating symptoms.
6. Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD): This is characterized by excessive anxiety about separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (such as a parent, sibling, or partner).
7. Selective Mutism: This is a disorder where a child becomes mute in certain situations, such as at school, but can speak normally at home or with close family members.

These disorders are treatable with a combination of medication and psychotherapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy). It's important to seek professional help if you suspect that you or someone you know may have an anxiety disorder.

Mood disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by significant and persistent changes in mood, affect, and emotional state. These disorders can cause disturbances in normal functioning and significantly impair an individual's ability to carry out their daily activities. The two primary types of mood disorders are depressive disorders (such as major depressive disorder or persistent depressive disorder) and bipolar disorders (which include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymic disorder).

Depressive disorders involve prolonged periods of low mood, sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in activities. Individuals with these disorders may also experience changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, concentration, and self-esteem. In severe cases, they might have thoughts of death or suicide.

Bipolar disorders involve alternating episodes of mania (or hypomania) and depression. During a manic episode, individuals may feel extremely elated, energetic, or irritable, with racing thoughts, rapid speech, and impulsive behavior. They might engage in risky activities, have decreased sleep needs, and display poor judgment. In contrast, depressive episodes involve the same symptoms as depressive disorders.

Mood disorders can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Proper diagnosis and treatment, which may include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, are essential for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a publication of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that provides diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. It is widely used by mental health professionals in the United States and around the world to diagnose and classify mental health conditions.

The DSM includes detailed descriptions of symptoms, clinical examples, and specific criteria for each disorder, which are intended to facilitate accurate diagnosis and improve communication among mental health professionals. The manual is regularly updated to reflect current research and clinical practice, with the most recent edition being the DSM-5, published in 2013.

It's important to note that while the DSM is a valuable tool for mental health professionals, it is not without controversy. Some critics argue that the manual medicalizes normal human experiences and that its categories may be too broad or overlapping. Nonetheless, it remains an essential resource for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in the field of mental health.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), also simply referred to as depression, is a serious mental health condition characterized by the presence of one or more major depressive episodes. A major depressive episode is a period of at least two weeks during which an individual experiences a severely depressed mood and/or loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities, accompanied by at least four additional symptoms such as significant changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue or loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.

MDD can significantly impair an individual's ability to function in daily life, and it is associated with increased risks of suicide, substance abuse, and other mental health disorders. The exact cause of MDD is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a complex interplay of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy) and medication (such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants).

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with hyperactivity is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. The condition is characterized by symptoms including:

1. Difficulty paying attention or staying focused on a single task
2. Impulsivity, or acting without thinking
3. Hyperactivity, or excessive fidgeting, restlessness, or talking

In order to be diagnosed with ADHD with hyperactivity, an individual must exhibit these symptoms to a degree that is developmentally inappropriate and interferes with their daily functioning. Additionally, the symptoms must have been present for at least six months and be present in multiple settings (e.g., at home, school, work).

It's important to note that ADHD can manifest differently in different people, and some individuals may experience predominantly inattentive or impulsive symptoms rather than hyperactive ones. However, when the hyperactive component is prominent, it is referred to as ADHD with hyperactivity.

Effective treatments for ADHD with hyperactivity include a combination of medication (such as stimulants) and behavioral therapy. With appropriate treatment, individuals with ADHD can learn to manage their symptoms and lead successful, fulfilling lives.

A depressive disorder is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. It can also include changes in sleep, appetite, energy levels, concentration, and self-esteem, as well as thoughts of death or suicide. Depressive disorders can vary in severity and duration, with some people experiencing mild and occasional symptoms, while others may have severe and chronic symptoms that interfere with their ability to function in daily life.

There are several types of depressive disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), persistent depressive disorder (PDD), and postpartum depression. MDD is characterized by symptoms that interfere significantly with a person's ability to function and last for at least two weeks, while PDD involves chronic low-grade depression that lasts for two years or more. Postpartum depression occurs in women after childbirth and can range from mild to severe.

Depressive disorders are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy (talk therapy), and lifestyle changes.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive, unwanted, and often distressing. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rigid rules, and which are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress, or preventing some dreaded event or situation. These obsessions and/or compulsions cause significant distress, take up a lot of time (an hour or more a day), and interfere with the individual's daily life, including social activities, relationships, and work or school performance. OCD is considered a type of anxiety disorder and can also co-occur with other mental health conditions.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that can occur in people who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event such as a natural disaster, serious accident, war combat, rape, or violent personal assault. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5), PTSD is characterized by the following symptoms, which must last for more than one month:

1. Intrusion symptoms: These include distressing memories, nightmares, flashbacks, or intense psychological distress or reactivity to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event.
2. Avoidance symptoms: Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event, including thoughts, feelings, conversations, activities, places, or people.
3. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood: This includes negative beliefs about oneself, others, or the world; distorted blame of self or others for causing the trauma; persistent negative emotional state; decreased interest in significant activities; and feelings of detachment or estrangement from others.
4. Alterations in arousal and reactivity: This includes irritable behavior and angry outbursts, reckless or self-destructive behavior, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, problems with concentration, and sleep disturbance.
5. Duration of symptoms: The symptoms must last for more than one month.
6. Functional significance: The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

It is essential to note that PTSD can occur at any age and can be accompanied by various physical and mental health problems, such as depression, substance abuse, memory problems, and other difficulties in cognition. Appropriate treatment, which may include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, can significantly improve the symptoms and overall quality of life for individuals with PTSD.

Autistic Disorder, also known as Autism or Classic Autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. It is characterized by:

1. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, including:
* Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity;
* Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction;
* Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships.
2. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, as manifested by at least two of the following:
* Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech;
* Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior;
* Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus;
* Hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment.
3. Symptoms must be present in the early developmental period (but may not become fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities) and limit or impair everyday functioning.
4. Symptoms do not occur exclusively during the course of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder or other psychotic disorders.

Autistic Disorder is part of the autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which also include Asperger's Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). The current diagnostic term for this category of conditions, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), is Autism Spectrum Disorder.

A phobic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by an excessive and irrational fear or avoidance of specific objects, situations, or activities. This fear can cause significant distress and interfere with a person's daily life. Phobic disorders are typically classified into three main categories: specific phobias (such as fear of heights, spiders, or needles), social phobia (or social anxiety disorder), and agoraphobia (fear of open spaces or situations where escape might be difficult).

People with phobic disorders often recognize that their fear is excessive or unreasonable, but they are unable to control it. When exposed to the feared object or situation, they may experience symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms can be so distressing that individuals with phobic disorders go to great lengths to avoid the feared situation, which can have a significant impact on their quality of life.

Treatment for phobic disorders typically involves cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps individuals identify and challenge their irrational thoughts and fears, as well as exposure therapy, which gradually exposes them to the feared object or situation in a safe and controlled environment. In some cases, medication may also be recommended to help manage symptoms of anxiety.

Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) are a group of conditions that affect the development and functioning of the brain, leading to delays in many areas of development. The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) has replaced the term "pervasive developmental disorders" with "autism spectrum disorder" and "other neurodevelopmental disorders."

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. The symptoms of ASD can range from mild to severe, and the condition affects approximately 1 in 54 children in the United States.

Other neurodevelopmental disorders that were previously classified as PDDs include:

1. Intellectual disability (ID): a condition characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills. This disorder used to be referred to as "mental retardation."
2. Communication disorders: these are disorders that affect an individual's ability to communicate, including language disorders, speech sound disorders, and stuttering.
3. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
4. Specific learning disorder: a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects an individual's ability to learn and use specific academic skills, such as reading, writing, or mathematics.
5. Motor disorders: these are disorders that affect an individual's movement and coordination, including developmental coordination disorder, stereotypic movement disorder, and tic disorders.

The medical definition of 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive' has been replaced with more specific diagnoses in the DSM-5 to better reflect the diverse nature of these conditions and improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.

Psychotic disorders are a group of severe mental health conditions characterized by distorted perceptions, thoughts, and emotions that lead to an inability to recognize reality. The two most common symptoms of psychotic disorders are hallucinations and delusions. Hallucinations are when a person sees, hears, or feels things that aren't there, while delusions are fixed, false beliefs that are not based on reality.

Other symptoms may include disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms such as apathy and lack of emotional expression. Schizophrenia is the most well-known psychotic disorder, but other types include schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, shared psychotic disorder, and substance-induced psychotic disorder.

Psychotic disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, brain chemistry imbalances, trauma, and substance abuse. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, therapy, and support services to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Substance-related disorders, as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), refer to a group of conditions caused by the use of substances such as alcohol, drugs, or medicines. These disorders are characterized by a problematic pattern of using a substance that leads to clinically significant impairment or distress. They can be divided into two main categories: substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders. Substance use disorders involve a pattern of compulsive use despite negative consequences, while substance-induced disorders include conditions such as intoxication, withdrawal, and substance/medication-induced mental disorders. The specific diagnosis depends on the type of substance involved, the patterns of use, and the presence or absence of physiological dependence.

Conduct Disorder is a mental health disorder that typically begins in childhood or adolescence and is characterized by a repetitive pattern of behavior that violates the rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms and rules. The behaviors fall into four main categories: aggression to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violation of rules.

The specific symptoms of Conduct Disorder can vary widely among individuals, but they generally include:

1. Aggression to people and animals: This may include physical fights, bullying, threatening others, cruelty to animals, and use of weapons.
2. Destruction of property: This may include deliberate destruction of others' property, arson, and vandalism.
3. Deceitfulness or theft: This may include lying, shoplifting, stealing, and breaking into homes, buildings, or cars.
4. Serious violation of rules: This may include running away from home, truancy, staying out late without permission, and frequent violations of school rules.

Conduct Disorder can have serious consequences for individuals who suffer from it, including academic failure, substance abuse, depression, anxiety, and difficulties in interpersonal relationships. It is important to note that Conduct Disorder should be diagnosed by a qualified mental health professional based on a comprehensive evaluation.

Tic disorders are a group of conditions characterized by the presence of repetitive, involuntary movements or sounds, known as tics. These movements or sounds can vary in complexity and severity, and they may be worsened by stress or strong emotions.

There are several different types of tic disorders, including:

1. Tourette's disorder: This is a neurological condition characterized by the presence of both motor (movement-related) and vocal tics that have been present for at least one year. The tics may wax and wane in severity over time, but they do not disappear for more than three consecutive months.
2. Persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder: This type of tic disorder is characterized by the presence of either motor or vocal tics (but not both), which have been present for at least one year. The tics may wax and wane in severity over time, but they do not disappear for more than three consecutive months.
3. Provisional tic disorder: This type of tic disorder is characterized by the presence of motor or vocal tics (or both) that have been present for less than one year. The tics may wax and wane in severity over time, but they do not disappear for more than three consecutive months.
4. Tic disorder not otherwise specified: This category is used to describe tic disorders that do not meet the criteria for any of the other types of tic disorders.

Tic disorders are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and they often co-occur with other conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Treatment for tic disorders may include behavioral therapy, medication, or a combination of both.

Psychiatric Status Rating Scales are standardized assessment tools used by mental health professionals to evaluate and rate the severity of a person's psychiatric symptoms and functioning. These scales provide a systematic and structured approach to measuring various aspects of an individual's mental health, such as mood, anxiety, psychosis, behavior, and cognitive abilities.

The purpose of using Psychiatric Status Rating Scales is to:

1. Assess the severity and improvement of psychiatric symptoms over time.
2. Aid in diagnostic decision-making and treatment planning.
3. Monitor treatment response and adjust interventions accordingly.
4. Facilitate communication among mental health professionals about a patient's status.
5. Provide an objective basis for research and epidemiological studies.

Examples of Psychiatric Status Rating Scales include:

1. Clinical Global Impression (CGI): A brief, subjective rating scale that measures overall illness severity, treatment response, and improvement.
2. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): A comprehensive scale used to assess the symptoms of psychosis, including positive, negative, and general psychopathology domains.
3. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) or Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS): Scales used to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms.
4. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS): A scale used to assess the severity of manic or hypomanic symptoms.
5. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) or Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R): Scales that measure a broad range of psychiatric symptoms and psychopathology.
6. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF): A scale used to rate an individual's overall psychological, social, and occupational functioning on a hypothetical continuum of mental health-illness.

It is important to note that Psychiatric Status Rating Scales should be administered by trained mental health professionals to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Palavras-chave : Mirror stage; Psychomotor disorder; Metapsychology of development; Specific developmental disorder of the ... BARTH, Luís Fernando Barnetche. Relationships between the mirror phase and psychomotor disorders. Estilos clin. [online]. 2007 ... The research is based on the psychoanalytical treatment of a child with a diagnosis of Specific Developmental Disorder of the ... to study the relationships between the psychoanalytical concept of the mirror stage and the emergence of psychomotor disorders ...

http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1415-71282007000200009&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en

... Author: Yahia, Ashraf ... Pathogenic Variants in ABHD16A Cause a Novel Psychomotor Developmental Disorder With Spastic Paraplegia. DSpace Repository. ...

https://publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/handle/10900/125525

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Psychomotor agitation is typically found in various mental disorders, especially in psychotic and mood disorders. It can be a ... Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Excited delirium Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Panic attacks Anxiety disorder Obsessive- ... Psychomotor agitation is a symptom in various disorders and health conditions. It is characterized by unintentional and ... Recent studies found that nicotine withdrawal induces psychomotor agitation (motor deficit). In other cases, psychomotor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychomotor_agitation

Pierson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder comprising congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis ... Severe muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and blindness were present in three patients harboring truncating mutations ... Pierson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder comprising congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis ... thus representing a primary feature of the genetic disorder. Alterations in skeletal muscle tissue from one case were ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17256789/

It is a symptom of several conditions, including bipolar disorder. ... Psychomotor agitation can cause a person to move without meaning. ... Psychomotor agitation is particularly prevalent among people with bipolar disorder. People diagnosed with bipolar disorder can ... Psychomotor agitation often affects people with bipolar disorder, but it is also associated with other conditions that affect ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319711

Parkinsons disorder, psychomotor problems and dopaminergic neurotoxic... Psychopharmacology (.... 2003. Rodgers J, Buchanan T ... The reality of psychomotor problems, and the possibility of Parkinson... Psychopharmacology (.... 2004. ...

https://www.erowid.org/references/refs.php?S=Ling_J&SField=Author

Nervous-system-disorders; Neuropathology; Reproductive-hazards; Renal-toxicity; Psychomotor-disorders; Toxic-effects; Author ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=mercury&f1=%2A&Startyear=&Adv=0&terms=1&EndYear=&Limit=10000&sort=&D1=10&PageNo=28&RecNo=278&View=f&

Clinical effectiveness of parenteral trazodone for the management of psychomotor activation in patients with bipolar disorder. ... Clinical effectiveness of parenteral trazodone for the management of psychomotor activation in patients with bipolar disorder. ... Journal Article 2018; 39(3): 205-208 PubMed PMID: 30431739 Citation Keywords: Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder:complications, ... The current retrospective study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of trazodone for reducing acute psychomotor ...

https://www.nel.edu/journal/search/?keywords=Bipolar%20Disorder:complications

Congenital African trypanosomiasis occurs in children, causing psychomotor retardation and seizure disorders. African ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/228613-overview

The Role of Psychomotor Activation in Discriminating Unipolar From Bipolar Disorders: A Classification-Tree Analysis ... Insomnia disorder is considered as a stress-related disorder associated with hyperarousal, stress and emotion dysregulation and ... Two hundred eight patients, 31 of whom had major depressive disorder, 101 had bipolar disorder II (BP II), and 76 had bipolar ... Background: Bipolar disorders are complex disorders involving the interaction of multiple factors. Affective temperaments, ...

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mario-Miniati

Inflammatory markers are associated with decreased psychomotor speed in patients with major depressive disorder. [online] 56, ... Is Major Depressive Disorder A Disability? Heres The Answer [AU] 2023 * How To Stop Depersonalization: 10 Ways You Should Try ... It is also commonly misdiagnosed as a medical illness or a physical disorder when these symptoms appear rather than a mental ... People who are depressed commonly suffer from mood disorders and exhibit symptoms like remorse, a quick temper, anxiety, and a ...

https://www.healthcanal.com/au/mental-health/depression/can-depression-make-you-sick

Psychomotor mechanisms and their biochemical modulation in psychiatric disorders. Mol. Psychiatry 2021, 26, 92-102. [Google ... comorbidity of organic mental disorders, bipolar disorders, or intellectual disorder; and (ii) comorbid seizure disorders, ... schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and others [46]. Thus, it can be proposed that motor retardation may be the ... mood disorder, and anxiety disorder) to symptoms or endophenotypes (e.g., amotivation, attentional bias, executive function, ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/12/1/33

5.6 Urea Cycle Disorders 5.7 Suicidal Behavior and Ideation 5.8 Bleeding and Other Hematopoietic Disorders 5.9 Hyperammonemia ... Psychiatric: Emotional upset, psychosis, aggression, psychomotor hyperactivity, hostility, disturbance in attention, learning ... POLG-related disorders should be suspected in patients with a family history or suggestive symptoms of a POLG-related disorder ... 5.6 Urea Cycle Disorders. Valproic acid is contraindicated in patients with known urea cycle disorders (UCD). ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=ec41025a-ed7d-48c8-9005-08e3a9417f30

5.6 Urea Cycle Disorders 5.7 Suicidal Behavior and Ideation 5.8 Bleeding and Other Hematopoietic Disorders 5.9 Hyperammonemia ... Psychiatric: Emotional upset, psychosis, aggression, psychomotor hyperactivity, hostility, disturbance in attention, learning ... POLG-related disorders should be suspected in patients with a family history or suggestive symptoms of a POLG-related disorder ... 5.6 Urea Cycle Disorders. Divalproex sodium is contraindicated in patients with known urea cycle disorders (UCD). ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=c284a8fd-9fcc-41d3-ac03-bade61deaa21&audience=consumer

Psychomotor disorders. -. dc.title. Differential patterns of brain activation between hoarding disorder and obsessive- ... Background: preliminary evidence suggests that hoarding disorder (HD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may show distinct ...

https://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/handle/2445/178233?mode=full

Psychiatric disorders: Delirium (5%) depression (4.1%), psychomotor retardation (1%). *Renal and urinary disorders: Renal ... Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Tumor lysis syndrome (1%). *Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: Posture ... Gastrointestinal disorders: Dysphagia (1%). *Immune system disorders: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (1%), hypersensitivity ... Do not administer to patients with active infection or inflammatory disorders. *Treat severe or life-threatening CRS with ...

https://reference.medscape.com/drug/carvykti-ciltacabtagene-autoleucel-4000224

Psychomotor hyperactivity, sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, aggression, behavioural changes (predominantly in children) ... a range of psychological or behavioural effects including psychomotor hyperactivity, sleep disorders, anxiety, depression or ... Cardiac disorders. Palpitations, electrocardiogram QT corrected interval prolonged, electrocardiogram change, tachycardia, ...

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Sahay has been a neurologist at the Gardner Center for Parkinsons Disease and Movement Disorders in the University of ... Alok Sahay, MD, has been a neurologist at the Gardner Center for Parkinsons Disease and Movement Disorders in the University ... Sahay also spent time at the Oregon Health Sciences University in Portland as the senior instructor of movement disorders in ... in the UC Department of Neurology and the Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center focusing on movement disorders and ...

https://www.uchealth.com/en/provider-profiles/sahay-alok-1730115684

This is the psychomotor theory. The author briefly analyzed the historical development of the mind-brain theories. The close ... So, the psychomotor theory rejects the mind-brain duality and instead advances the unity of the psychomotor system, which will ... Accordingly, a psychomotor theory was created to explain the psychomotor coupling in health and disease, stating that, not the ... The psychomotor theory of human mind Int J Neurosci. 2007 Aug;117(8):1109-48. doi: 10.1080/00207450600934556. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17613117/

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https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/966457_5

... behavioral disorders and psychomotor agitation. Though only statistically significant in bivariate analysis, patients were also ...

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/special_issues/COVID-19_risk

CurriculaPosture disorders in childrenPsychomotor disorders in children 39. Ignorance and Irony: The Role of Not-Knowing in ... Adaptive Psychomotor Learning and the Young Child Fenamore, Tara 2022 Theses Early childhood educationEducation--Philosophy ...

https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/search?f%5Bsubject_ssim%5D%5B%5D=Education--Philosophy&per_page=100&sort=Published+Earliest

Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease is a disorder that affects the nervous system, including a group of structures ... In this disorder, abnormalities affect several parts of the brain. Using medical imaging, generalized swelling as well as ... psychomotor delay). ... What does it mean if a disorder seems to run in my family? ... It is unclear how biotin is related to this disorder. Some researchers suggest that the excess biotin given along with thiamine ...

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/biotin-thiamine-responsive-basal-ganglia-disease/

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https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/limited_access/SSUIFG_R.htm

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Marked psychomotor Agitation/retardation. *Atypical Features. *Mood brightens to actual/potential positive events ... These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Mood Disorder." Click on the image (or right click) to open ... Depressive Disorder *,2 weeks of depressed most of the day or anhedonia ...

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Hypotonia, Infantile, with Psychomotor Retardation And Characteristic Facies 2. Search For A Disorder. ... This disorder is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the UNC80 gene (2q34). ... This is a severe congenital neurodevelopmental disorder with global delay, hypotonia, and characteristic facies. It is usually ...

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Psychomotor agitation often affects people with bipolar disorder , but it is also associated with other conditions that affect mental health or neurological function. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People with psychomotor agitation and mental health conditions such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia may feel uneasy, nervous, or that there is no hope of controlling their agitations. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Psychomotor agitation is particularly prevalent among people with bipolar disorder. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People diagnosed with bipolar disorder can experience three different episodes called manic, mixed, and depressive. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Learn more about bipolar disorder here. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Learn about the treatments for bipolar disorder here. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Clinical effectiveness of parenteral trazodone for the management of psychomotor activation in patients with bipolar disorder. (nel.edu)
The current retrospective study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of trazodone for reducing acute psychomotor activation (PA) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). (nel.edu)
Ballerio M, Politi P, Crapanzano C, Emanuele E, Cuomo A, Goracci A, Fagiolini A. Clinical effectiveness of parenteral trazodone for the management of psychomotor activation in patients with bipolar disorder. (nel.edu)
Learn more about the presentation of bipolar disorder. (medscape.com)
Fast Five Quiz: Bipolar Disorder Practice Essentials - Medscape - Jan 19, 2022. (medscape.com)
A Blood Test to Diagnose Bipolar Disorder? (medscape.com)
Some patient with Bipolar Disorder do well on as little as a total daily dose of 50 mg/day. (healthyplace.com)
Gathering the history of present and past disturbances of mood, behavior, and thought is critical to proper diagnosis of a psychiatric condition such as bipolar disorder. (medscape.com)
Because bipolar disorder may cause a transient but marked impairment of judgment, insight, and recall, several sources of information are crucial to understand a particular patient. (medscape.com)
Knowledge of the family's psychiatric history is another essential part of the patient's history because bipolar disorder has genetic transmission and familial patterns. (medscape.com)
A genogram may be developed to further describe a particular patient's risk bipolar disorder based on familial and genetic attributes in the family system. (medscape.com)
It is critical to take a careful history of alcohol use or abuse, including substance-abuse patterns, as acute drug-intoxication states may mimic bipolar disorder. (medscape.com)
There is as high as a 60% lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder and substance misuse disorders in the United States. (medscape.com)
Sleep disturbances often aid in defining abnormal mood states of bipolar disorder in either the manic or the depressed state. (medscape.com)
The validation data set is a subset of the ongoing observational longitudinal AKTIBIPO400 study for the long-term monitoring of mood and activity (via actigraphy) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). (jmir.org)
It's hard to believe that some myths and stereotypes about bipolar disorder continue to circulate. (psychcentral.com)
Bipolar disorder is a complex neurocognitive condition characterized by shifts in mood. (psychcentral.com)
It lists the types of bipolar disorder and their diagnostic criteria. (psychcentral.com)
With support and the right care, it's very possible to successfully manage bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
While having bipolar disorder can present significant challenges to one's romantic and intimate life, healthy, fulfilling relationships are absolutely possible. (psychcentral.com)
Research does indicate that people with bipolar disorder marry and divorce at higher rates, are more likely to experience sexual dysfunction, and feel less satisfied in their relationships - but that's not the end of the story. (psychcentral.com)
When both partners have a continuing education approach to bipolar disorder depression , recognize what the early stages of bipolar disorder psychosis are, and learn how to predict or possibly prevent manic episodes , they can cultivate their relationship and adapt to whatever comes their way. (psychcentral.com)
Substance use is a serious and common co-occurrence among people with bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
An existing SUD can make managing bipolar disorder more difficult . (psychcentral.com)
Men with bipolar disorder develop an SUD more often than women with bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
Certain folks with bipolar disorder are uniquely at risk of an SUD, including veterans and transgender people. (psychcentral.com)
You can manage bipolar disorder and also have a healthy and robust social life. (psychcentral.com)
You never have to apologize for having bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
But you can and should take varying degrees of responsibility for harmful actions that may stem from bipolar disorder episodes, treatment changes, or decisions to suddenly stop medication unsupervised. (psychcentral.com)
As Dr. Descartes Li , director of the bipolar disorder program at the University of California, San Francisco, and professor of psychiatry explains, sharing your diagnosis with select people may provide crucial support in times of crisis. (psychcentral.com)
We investigated mood and diurnal variation for four days in 20 outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD), 14 with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and 20 healthy controls (HC) using a smart-phone app, portable electrocardiogram (ECG), and actigraphy. (nature.com)
Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with periods of elated and depressed mood interspersed by periods of relative stability or euthymia. (nature.com)
Why are Bipolar Disorder and Substance Use Often Mentioned Together? (psychcentral.com)
Bipolar disorder and substance misuse are a dangerous combination. (psychcentral.com)
SAMHSA reports that people with bipolar disorder tend to have a higher risk for substance use disorders. (psychcentral.com)
Living with bipolar disorder is challenging in itself. (psychcentral.com)
Incidentally, dopamine is one of three main messengers ( neurotransmitters) that research links to bipolar disorder as well. (psychcentral.com)
Serotonin, noradrenaline (aka norepinephrine), and dopamine often don't operate as they should in folks who have bipolar disorder . (psychcentral.com)
This, in addition to both substance use disorder and bipolar disorder having shared genes increasing the likeliness of the conditions in some people, are why scientists believe they often coincide. (psychcentral.com)
Bipolar disorder and substance use disorder tend to go hand in hand. (psychcentral.com)
Substance use can cause bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
People with drug-induced bipolar disorder have similar mood shifts and symptoms as people with bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
The difference between the two is that people with drug-induced bipolar disorder tend to have their symptoms go away after 1 month of stopping drug use. (psychcentral.com)
Having a bipolar disorder diagnosis is linked to a higher addiction risk to alcohol or drugs. (psychcentral.com)
People with bipolar disorder have a 21.7% to 59% increased chance of being diagnosed with substance use disorder at least once in their life, per SAMHSA. (psychcentral.com)
Alcohol misuse appears to be most common among people with bipolar disorder. (psychcentral.com)
According to SAMHSA , people with bipolar disorder may misuse substances for a number of reasons, including because both disorders change brain areas important in regulating impulsivity and feelings of reward and pleasure. (psychcentral.com)
Another reason is that people with bipolar disorder often self-medicate to manage their mental health condition. (psychcentral.com)
It also produces psychomotor sedation, which is useful in many schizophrenia and bipolar disorder cases. (exploringyourmind.com)

Severe muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and blindness were present in three patients harboring truncating mutations on both LAMB2 alleles. (nih.gov)
Psychomotor retardation is a central feature of depression which includes motor and cognitive impairments. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
Future investigations of psychomotor retardation should help improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying mood disorders and contribute to improving their Mubritinib therapeutic management. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
1. Introduction Psychomotor retardation (PMR) has been recognized as one of the most fundamental features of major depressive disorder by the earliest psychiatric authors and is reflected in the use of various contemporary classification systems [1C3]. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
Our initial search strategy included one main term, namely, depressive disorder, combined with the following: ?psychomotor retardation? (biodiversityhotspot.org)
When accounting for demographic variables and the overall severity of MDD, those with comorbid OCD reported lower levels of anhedonia and more severe difficulties with psychomotor retardation/agitation. (lu.se)

These symptoms were not attributable to complications of chronic renal failure, thus representing a primary feature of the genetic disorder. (nih.gov)
This article explores the ways of feeling, moving, and behaving that could be symptoms of psychomotor agitation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People who are depressed commonly suffer from mood disorders and exhibit symptoms like remorse, a quick temper, anxiety, and a lack of purpose. (healthcanal.com)
The signs and symptoms of biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease usually begin between the ages of 3 and 10, but the disorder can appear at any age. (medlineplus.gov)
Exercise helps reduce mental health disorder symptoms such as anxiety, depression, anger and psychomotor agitation. (neurosciencenews.com)
While obtaining the history, the physician must explore the possibilities that substance abuse or dependence, trauma to the brain in the present or past, or seizure disorders may be contributing to or causing the current symptoms of illness. (medscape.com)
Background Mood disorders are dynamic disorders characterized by multimodal symptoms. (researchgate.net)
Fritze S, Topor CW, Kubera KM, Northoff G, Schmitgen MM, Wolf RC*, Hirjak D* (2020) Midbrain alterations contribute to motor catatonic symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In order to specify the significance of psychomotor symptoms across the full spectrum of depressive disorders, experimental methods investigating motor and cognitive components of PMR have been developed. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (pseudoseizures) are symptoms that simulate seizures in patients with psychiatric disorders but that do not involve an abnormal electrical discharge in the brain. (msdmanuals.com)
In addition, to diagnose ADHD, the symptoms must not be better described by another disorder, such as an anxiety disorder, mental illness, or autistic spectrum disorder. (lww.com)
While not a withdrawal syndrome, symptom reemergence describes the reappearance of symptoms of an underlying mood or anxiety disorder after discontinuation of the medication. (medscape.com)
Neurologic symptoms consist of hypotonia, absence of coordinated voluntary movements and severe retarded psychomotor development. (lu.se)

Psychomotor agitation is a symptom in various disorders and health conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Psychomotor agitation is a symptom of all three types of episode. (medicalnewstoday.com)

People experiencing psychomotor agitation may feel the following emotions or do the following actions. (wikipedia.org)
Often people experiencing psychomotor agitation feel as if their movements are not deliberate. (wikipedia.org)
Someone experiencing psychomotor agitation may display these behaviors in a way that seems uncontrolled or erratic. (medicalnewstoday.com)
If a person is experiencing psychomotor agitation or knows someone who is, they should speak with a doctor. (medicalnewstoday.com)

When it comes to inpatient treatment of a range of mental health and mood disorders - from anxiety and depression to schizophrenia, suicidality and acute psychotic episodes - a new study advocates for exercise, rather than psychotropic medications, as the primary prescription and method of intervention. (neurosciencenews.com)
The priority is to provide more natural strategies for the treatment of mood disorders, depression and anxiety," he adds. (neurosciencenews.com)
Frequently asked questions about Topiramate, used for treatment of mood disorders -mania and depression- and PTSD. (healthyplace.com)
Objective psychomotor assessments may improve classification, longitudinal monitoring, treatment selection, Kit and prediction of outcome in patients with depression. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
Major depression and anxiety disorders associated with Norplant. (clinconnect.io)
58% women) with confirmed insomnia disorder and no major depression within the previous 12 months found CBT significantly reduced risk of depression in patients with insomnia. (medscape.com)

The encyclopedia for all things psychiatry is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) . (psychcentral.com)

Alok Sahay, MD, has been a neurologist at the Gardner Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders in the University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Institute since 2001. (uchealth.com)
Dr. Sahay is currently a professor of neurology at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, and a physician in the UC Department of Neurology and the Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center focusing on movement disorders and Parkinson's disease. (uchealth.com)
Before he moved east, Dr. Sahay also spent time at the Oregon Health Sciences University in Portland as the senior instructor of movement disorders in the department of neurology. (uchealth.com)

People showing signs of psychomotor agitation may be experiencing mental tension and anxiety, which comes out physically as: fast or repetitive movements movements that have no purpose movements that are not intentional These activities are the subconscious mind's way of trying to relieve tension[citation needed]. (wikipedia.org)
Sometimes, however, psychomotor agitation does not relate to mental tension and anxiety. (wikipedia.org)

The severe neurological impairment and retarded psychomotor development do not improve with time. (lu.se)

Hirjak D, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Sambataro F, Fritze S, Kukovic J, Kubera KM, Wolf RC (2021) Progress in sensorimotor neuroscience of schizophrenia spectrum disorders: lessons learned and future directions. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Hirjak D, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Sambataro F, Wolf RC (2021) Sensorimotor neuroscience in mental disorders: Progress, perspectives and challenges. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Northoff G, Hirjak D, Wolf RC, Magioncalda P, Martino M (2021) Why is there symptom coupling of psychological and motor changes in psychomotor mechanisms? (uni-heidelberg.de)
Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective descriptive et analytique, multicentrique portant sur des patients de moins de 5ans pris en charge pour une affection neurochirurgicale de Janvier 2019 à Décembre 2021 à Libreville. (bvsalud.org)

Psychomotor agitation is typically found in various mental disorders, especially in psychotic and mood disorders. (wikipedia.org)
Since the end of the 20th century, several authors have argued that the presence of clinical PMR allows determining clinically meaningful depressive subtypes (melancholic Mubritinib with and without psychotic features, bipolar and unipolar disorders) [7C9]. (biodiversityhotspot.org)
The food may be necessary to combat the loss of psychomotor agitation and psychotic disorders, as they ossify with maturation acute promyelocytic leukemia. (elastizell.com)
Psychomotor agitation associated with psychotic disorders. (exploringyourmind.com)
Psychotic disorder. (exploringyourmind.com)

In the basket of problems labeled neurodevelopmental disorders are a variety of cognitive and psychomotor disabilities that have different names and changing diagnostic criteria. (orionmagazine.org)
Abnormalities of motor function that are associated with organic and non-organic cognitive disorders. (bvsalud.org)

Pierson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder comprising congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis and distinct eye abnormalities with microcoria reported as the most prominent clinical feature. (nih.gov)
This is a severe congenital neurodevelopmental disorder with global delay, hypotonia, and characteristic facies. (arizona.edu)

These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Mood Disorder. (fpnotebook.com)
Before topiramate is prescribed the patient should have a thorough medical evaluation, including blood and urine tests, to rule out any medical condition, such as thyroid disorders, that may cause or exacerbate a mood disorder. (healthyplace.com)

A psychomotor physiotherapist and the other most important team members, with other words a psychiatrist, a psychologist and a nurse specialized in mental health, were interviewed. (uit.no)
In these individuals, the neurological problems are usually limited to dystonia, seizure disorders, and delay in the development of mental and motor skills (psychomotor delay). (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers say exercise also helps to develop a more balanced and integrated sense of self for those with mental health disorders. (neurosciencenews.com)
Unlike clinicians working in other areas of medicine, who often rely on laboratory or imaging studies to identify or characterize a disorder, mental health professionals rely almost exclusively on descriptive symptom clusters to diagnose mental disorders. (medscape.com)
Medical screening for physical and mental disorders with associated harmful behaviors and substance-related disorders among persons overseas applying for US immigration or refugee status and non-immigrants who are required by law to have an overseas medical examination, hereafter referred to as applicants, is therefore an essential component of the immigration process. (cdc.gov)
The required examination includes evaluation of physical and mental disorders with associated harmful behaviors and substance use disorders. (cdc.gov)
Inadmissibility based on a physical or mental disorder is limited to applicants with associated harmful behavior or potentially harmful behavior. (cdc.gov)
The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) provides three grounds of inadmissibility related to substance addiction or abuse, or physical or mental disorders that affect behavior. (cdc.gov)
Current physical or mental disorder with associated harmful behavior. (cdc.gov)
Current physical or mental disorder with a history of associated harmful behavior if the harmful behavior is likely to recur or lead to other harmful behavior in the future. (cdc.gov)
These Instructions are to be followed when determining whether an individual applicant is afflicted with physical and mental disorders with associated harmful behaviors and substance use disorders for all examinations performed. (cdc.gov)
They reflect the current medical knowledge and standards of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). (cdc.gov)
Mental disorders are health conditions that are characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior (or some combination thereof). (cdc.gov)
The current version of the DSM is an authoritative source on the classification of mental disorders and must be available and followed for the purpose of this examination. (cdc.gov)
V" coded conditions listed in the DSM are not diagnoses but are used in clinical practice settings when the focus of clinical attention is on a behavior that is not due to a mental disorder. (cdc.gov)
Because these "V" conditions are not mental disorders, they cannot be used in determining if a person has an inadmissible (Class A) health-related condition, regardless of whether there is an associated harmful behavior. (cdc.gov)
About 20.2 million adults reported a substance use disorder in the last year, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (psychcentral.com)
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) , almost half of people with substance use disorder also have a mental health condition. (psychcentral.com)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (healthyplace.com)

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common in youth and among the most frequent comorbid disorders in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but it is unclear whether the presence of OCD affects the symptom presentation of MDD in youth. (lu.se)

Within the life-altering category of pervasive developmental disorders is autism - a continuum of problems that is now collectively referred to as autism spectrum disorders . (orionmagazine.org)
Aggressiveness in children and teens from the ages of 6 to 17, who also suffer from autism or some kind of developmental disorder. (exploringyourmind.com)

Movements resulting from psychomotor agitation in a manic episode may appear chaotic. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Drug (substance) abuse or addiction (medically identified as a "substance use disorder") of any of the substances listed in Section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act ( Appendix C ). (cdc.gov)

Diagnosis may be clinical and involves results of neuroimaging, laboratory testing, and electroencephalography (EEG) for new-onset seizures or levels of antiseizure drugs (anticonvulsants) for previously diagnosed seizure disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
Neonatal Seizure Disorders Neonatal seizures are abnormal electrical discharges in the central nervous system of neonates and usually manifest as stereotyped muscular activity or autonomic changes. (msdmanuals.com)

A form of self-treatment arises in that many patients develop stimming in a natural, unplanned, and largely nonconscious way, simply because they coincidentally discover behavior that brings some relief to their psychomotor agitation, and develop habits around it. (wikipedia.org)

The research is based on the psychoanalytical treatment of a child with a diagnosis of Specific Developmental Disorder of the Motor Function, and it served as an element for the metapsychological construction of the case and for the presentation of the findings of a psychoanalytical research. (bvsalud.org)
There are a handful of types of the disorder, and more features and specifiers that make each person's diagnosis nuanced. (psychcentral.com)
The DSM diagnosis for substance use disorders is used in this examination to determine "drug abuse" and "drug addiction. (cdc.gov)
Approach to the Patient With a Suspected Inherited Disorder of Metabolism Most inherited disorders of metabolism (inborn errors of metabolism) are rare, and therefore their diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion. (msdmanuals.com)
Note: Hypomanic-like episodes that are clearly caused by somatic antidepressant treatment (e.g., medication, electroconvulsive therapy, light therapy) should not count toward a diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder. (healthyplace.com)

Parents struggling to pay tutors, tuition bills, and school taxes - who are, right now, clearing off a spot on the kitchen counter to sit down and offer help with homework - might consider taking a look at this compilation, particularly the review's central conclusion: "The combined evidence suggests that neurodevelopmental disorders caused by industrial chemicals have created a silent pandemic in modern society. (orionmagazine.org)

Parkinson's disorder, psychomotor problems and dopaminergic neurotoxic. (erowid.org)

For instance, akathisia, a movement disorder sometimes induced by antipsychotics and other psychotropics, is estimated to affect 15-35% of patients with schizophrenia. (wikipedia.org)
Fritze S, Sambataro F, Kubera KM, Bertolino AL, Topor CE, Wolf RC*, Hirjak D* (2020) Neurological Soft Signs in schizophrenia spectrum disorders are not confounded by current antipsychotic dosage. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Attention deficit disorder, with or without hyperactivity, is another. (orionmagazine.org)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder in children and adolescents, with estimated prevalence rates varying by the environment, gender, and age of presentation. (lww.com)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disease of children and adolescents currently receiving the most research attention. (lww.com)

Thus, the appropriate first step in evaluating a person for a psychiatric disorder is to ensure that no other medical condition is causing the mood or thought disturbance. (medscape.com)
The first category includes patients who have prescriptions and medical indications for the use of these drugs for the symptomatic treatment of a psychiatric disorder. (medscape.com)
If the patient has a psychiatric disorder, the disorder should be treated. (medscape.com)

At least 20% of people with bipolar II disorder will. (psychcentral.com)

Thyroid extract provided to healthy animals produces: cardiovascular disorders, tachycardia, increase of the number of heartbeats, and peripheral vasodilatation, where the action of the vagus does not intervene. (iptq.com)

The manifestations of the disorder can also change as a person ages. (psychcentral.com)
Physical disorders are clinically diagnosed medical conditions where the focus of attention is physical manifestations. (cdc.gov)

Patients with hard-to-treat bipolar syndromes have been treated more often than patients with "treatment-resistant" unipolar disorders. (healthyplace.com)

Children under the age of two years and patients with mitochondrial disorders are at higher risk. (nih.gov)

Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease is a disorder that affects the nervous system, including a group of structures in the brain called the basal ganglia, which help control movement. (medlineplus.gov)
Nonepileptic seizures are provoked by a temporary disorder or stressor (eg, metabolic disorders, central nervous system (CNS) infections, cardiovascular disorders, drug toxicity or withdrawal, psychogenic disorders). (msdmanuals.com)
Central nervous system disorder is stable and never regresses with time. (lu.se)

Background: preliminary evidence suggests that hoarding disorder (HD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may show distinct patterns of brain activation during executive performance, although results have been inconclusive regarding the specific neural correlates of their differential executive dysfunction. (ub.edu)

For example, self-hugging can be therapeutically advisable, but self-hugging as a component of a set of motor agitation movements is a sign of psychomotor agitation. (wikipedia.org)
Psychomotor agitation is a feeling of anxious restlessness that can lead to unintended movements. (medicalnewstoday.com)
They may make some movements that are signs of psychomotor agitation. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases are rare disorders whose prevalence is estimated around 1 in 5000. (bmj.com)

Tic disorders, such as Tourette's syndrome, that don't respond to other types of treatment. (exploringyourmind.com)
Sedative-hypnotic withdrawal syndrome is characterized by pronounced psychomotor and autonomic dysfunctions. (medscape.com)

In this disorder, abnormalities affect several parts of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)

So, the psychomotor theory rejects the mind-brain duality and instead advances the unity of the psychomotor system, which will have important consequences in understanding and improving the human mind, brain, and body in health and disease. (nih.gov)
Parlodel (bromocriptine mesylate) is a dopamine receptor agonist used to treat certain conditions caused by a hormone imbalance in which there is too much prolactin in the blood (hyperprolactinemia), and to treat these disorders when they are caused by brain tumors that can produce prolactin. (rxlist.com)
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging treatment for refractory mood disorders, but its success depends critically on target selection. (researchgate.net)

By pandemic , the authors of The Lancet study mean that learning and developmental disorders are common, cut across all walks of life in all geographic regions, and are ballooning in prevalence. (orionmagazine.org)

Typically, psychomotor agitation will not have a single cause. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Insomnia is a stress-related sleep disorder conceptualised within a diathesis-stress framework, which it is thought to result from predisposing factors interacting with precipitating stressful events that trigger the development of insomnia. (researchgate.net)

Insomnia disorder is considered as a stress-related disorder associated with hyperarousal, stress and emotion dysregulation and the instability of the 'flip-flop' switch system. (researchgate.net)

Recent studies found that nicotine withdrawal induces psychomotor agitation (motor deficit). (wikipedia.org)

Diseases3

Psychiatry and Psychology18

Information Science1

Iron supplemented formula milk related to reduction in psychomotor decline in infants from inner city areas: randomised study. (1/377)

Clinical significance of delirium subtypes in older people. (2/377)

Partial midline fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres with vertical folia: a new cerebellar malformation? (3/377)

Uncommon morphologic characteristics in Leigh's disease. (4/377)

Disturbance of cerebral function in people exposed to drinking water contaminated with aluminium sulphate: retrospective study of the Camelford water incident. (5/377)

Benzodiazepines in Miami-Dade County, Florida driving under the influence (DUI) cases (1995-1998) with emphasis on Rohypnol: GC-MS confirmation, patterns of use, psychomotor impairment, and results of Florida legislation. (6/377)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type II. (7/377)

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: can we make a positive diagnosis? (8/377)

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Iron supplemented formula milk related to reduction in psychomotor decline in infants from inner city areas: randomised study. (1/377)

Clinical significance of delirium subtypes in older people. (2/377)

Partial midline fusion of the cerebellar hemispheres with vertical folia: a new cerebellar malformation? (3/377)

Uncommon morphologic characteristics in Leigh's disease. (4/377)

Disturbance of cerebral function in people exposed to drinking water contaminated with aluminium sulphate: retrospective study of the Camelford water incident. (5/377)

Benzodiazepines in Miami-Dade County, Florida driving under the influence (DUI) cases (1995-1998) with emphasis on Rohypnol: GC-MS confirmation, patterns of use, psychomotor impairment, and results of Florida legislation. (6/377)

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome type II. (7/377)

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: can we make a positive diagnosis? (8/377)

Relationships between the mirror phase and psychomotor disorders

Pathogenic Variants in ABHD16A Cause a Novel Psychomotor Developmental Disorder With Spastic Paraplegia

Munin: Norwegian psychomotor physiotherapy as a part of the treatment for patients with eating disorders

Psychomotor agitation - Wikipedia

Neurodevelopmental deficits in Pierson (microcoria-congenital nephrosis) syndrome

Psychomotor agitation: What is it, symptoms, and causes

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