Pulmonary Subvalvular Stenosis

Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular

Chordae Tendineae

Mitral Valve

Mitral Valve Stenosis

Artery19

• Poststenotic pulmonary artery dilatation may occur owing to "jet-effect" hemodynamics or an underlying connective tissue disorder. (medscape.com)
• Poststenotic dilatation of the pulmonary artery is uncommon. (medscape.com)
• Peripheral pulmonary stenosis (PPS) can cause obstruction along the pulmonary artery anywhere from the main pulmonary artery to distal pulmonary artery branches. (medscape.com)
• with time, the pulmonary artery grows and the murmur usually disappears within a few months. (medscape.com)
• Poststenotic dilatation occurs with discrete segmental stenosis but is absent if the stenotic segment is long or if the pulmonary artery is diffusely hypoplastic. (medscape.com)
• Narrowing below the PULMONARY VALVE or well below it in the infundibuluar chamber where the pulmonary artery originates, usually caused by a defective VENTRICULAR SEPTUM or presence of fibrous tissues. (bvsalud.org)
• It is characterized by restricted blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE into the PULMONARY ARTERY , exertional fatigue, DYSPNEA , and chest discomfort. (bvsalud.org)
• What changes is the area of the valve that is narrowed - the valve leaflets, the artery above or below the valve, or the right or left pulmonary artery. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• Pulmonary stenosis is, as the name implies, a stenosis - that is, narrowing the pulmonary artery. (heartdogs.info)
• Man Fong S, Him Ling T. Pulmonary Artery Augmentation and Pulmonary Valve Replacement After Arterial Switch Operation. (ctsnet.org)
• The right pulmonary artery measured 10.4 x 6.8mm and the left pulmonary artery measured 7.8 x 7.6 mm. (ctsnet.org)
• The main pulmonary artery (PA) was opened with incision extended distally to bilateral PA and proximally to subvalvular RVOT. (ctsnet.org)
• However, due to the short length of the main pulmonary artery, difficulty in any future endovascular pulmonary valve procedures was anticipated. (ctsnet.org)
• Understanding the Mechanism for Branch Pulmonary Artery Stenosis after the Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries. (ctsnet.org)
• The severity of valvular lesions and hemodynamic effects on the cardiac chambers and pulmonary artery pressures should be rigorously examined. (ui.ac.id)
• Echogenic membranous stenosis was observed in the main pulmonary artery. (openveterinaryjournal.com)
• This lesion restricts blood outflow from the RIGHT VENTRICLE to the PULMONARY ARTERY. (ouhsc.edu)
• PVs are freed and excised of adherent fats & most from the myocardium, leaving just a slim ridge of subvalvular muscle mass as well as the pulmonary artery. (irjs.info)
• Blood is carried from the heart to the lungs via the pulmonary artery (this is known as pulmonary circulation). (omnicalculator.com)

Pulmonic5

• Pulmonic stenosis (pulmonary stenosis) (PS) refers to a dynamic or fixed anatomic obstruction to flow from the right ventricle (RV) to the pulmonary arterial vasculature, which leads to RV pressure overload that in turn causes increased contractility and dilation and results in increased wall stress and compensatory RV hypertrophy. (medscape.com)
• Pulmonic stenosis (pulmonary stenosis) (PS) can be due to isolated valvular (90%), subvalvular, or peripheral (supravalvular) obstruction, or it may be found in association with more complicated congenital heart disorders. (medscape.com)
• Carcinoid may result in development of myxomatous plaques in the RV outflow tract, with distortion and constriction of the pulmonic ring, as well as fusion or destruction of pulmonary valve leaflets, resulting in both stenosis and regurgitation. (medscape.com)
• We describe a rare case of an asymptomatic 20-year-old woman with mesocardia, CCTGA, and severe subvalvular pulmonic stenosis due to a ball-shaped accessory tissue in left ventricular outflow tract. (bvsalud.org)
• Based on these findings, the dog was diagnosed with ALVT and type I supravalvular pulmonic stenosis. (openveterinaryjournal.com)

Obstruction6

• Secundum type atrial septal defect of 10 mm in two-dimensional images maintaining left to right shunt, subaortic VSD approximately 9 mm in diameter with mostly left to right bidirectional flow, and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction originating from the subvalvular region generating a transpulmonic gradient of 50 mmHg were also noted. (rbccv.org.br)
• This time, the patient presented with residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and moderate-to-severe pulmonary regurgitation due to a dysplastic pulmonary valve. (ctsnet.org)
• Mitral stenosis is a condition where the mitral valve area is reduced, causing obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle during left ventricular diastole, which can lead to elevated left atrial pressure resulting in pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary edema, and right heart failure. (mhmedical.com)
• Valvar aortic stenosis is a spectrum, with significant valve obstruction treated in infancy or childhood. (congenital.org)
• Often, the subvalvular ridge may remain relatively small with only mild obstruction. (congenital.org)
• Valvular heart disease arise either due to obstruction to forward flow (STENOSIS) or leaking of valve (REGURGITATION). (drsanjaykumaragarwal.com)

Idiopathic1

• People with narrowing of the tract through which blood is pumped out of the heart (idiopathic subvalvular aortic stenosis). (lynchspharmacy.com)

Form of aortic stenosis2

• Most frequently the so-called sub-aortic stenosis occurs with constriction in the left ventricular chamber below the aortic valve, which is why we refer in the following chapters mainly to this form of aortic stenosis. (heartdogs.info)
• In this form of aortic stenosis, an hour glass-like narrowing or, less frequently, a more irregular narrowing, exist in the aorta above the aortic valve. (congenital.org)

Arterial4

• Ventriculo-arterial relations were supplied by both the entire pulmonary trunk emerging from the right ventricle along with more than 50% of the aorta. (rbccv.org.br)
• Some forms of this defect are associated with Williams Syndrome, a hereditary disorder involving mild mental retardation and a tendency for the development of pulmonary and other arterial stenoses. (congenital.org)
• As a result, pulmonary oligemia and arterial desaturation occur. (icloudhospital.com)
• PVH promotes broncho-pulmonary venous anastomoses and passively increases pulmonary arterial pressures. (recapem.com)

Subvalvar Aortic Stenosis4

• In Discrete Subvalvar Aortic Stenosis (DSVAS), a fibrous ridge obstructs the outflow tract from the left ventricle into the aorta. (congenital.org)
• No specific laboratory blood tests are required in the workup of subvalvar aortic stenosis (SAS). (medscape.com)
• Cardiac catheterization is not routinely indicated in isolated subvalvar aortic stenosis (SAS) but can be utilized for preoperative hemodynamic evaluation when associated with other congenital heart defects. (medscape.com)
• In subvalvar aortic stenosis (SAS), even if it is mild, electrocardiography (ECG) reveals a variable degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in 50-80% of patients. (medscape.com)

Rheumatic4

• Thickened and/or calcified mitral leaflets and subvalvular apparatus resulting in "hockey-stick" motion of the anterior leaflet and fusion of commissures resulting in fish-mouth appearance of the rheumatic mitral valve on two- and three-dimensional echocardiography. (mhmedical.com)
• Mitral stenosis occurs predominantly in adults and is one of the sequelae of rheumatic fever in about 90% of cases. (mhmedical.com)
• Unlike mitral regurgitation, which can present during the initial acute rheumatic carditis episode, mitral stenosis often develops after recurrent attacks, follows an indolent course, and has a latent period up to 40 years after the index episode of rheumatic fever. (mhmedical.com)
• In this post, rheumatic mitral stenosis is discussed. (recapem.com)

Leaflets3

• Valve repair procedure involves reconstruction of valve leaflets, subvalvular structures, ventricular geometry & valvular annulus. (drsanjaykumaragarwal.com)
• Using cardiopulmonary bypass, the indigenous pulmonary leaflets had been resected as well as the valve constructs had been implanted into six lambs (pounds=192.8?kg). (irjs.info)
• Echocardiography confirmed mobile, working leaflets without stenosis, aneurysm or thrombus up to. (irjs.info)

Valvular stenosis2

• This typically resolves after correction of valvular stenosis. (medscape.com)
• When aortic insufficiency develops most cardiologists recommend surgical removal of the sub-valvular stenosis in order to halt any further progression of the aortic insufficiency. (congenital.org)

Echocardiography2

• The transthoracic echocardiography revealed situs solitus, levocardia with normal pulmonary venous drainage, and atrioventricular concordance. (rbccv.org.br)
• Measurement of systemic and pulmonary blood flow and QP/QS ratio using Doppler and two-dimensional echocardiography. (omnicalculator.com)

Severe mitral3

• A2-OS interval ≤ 80 ms in severe mitral stenosis. (mhmedical.com)
• Severe mitral stenosis (MS) can produce heart failure and cardiogenic shock despite preserved systolic function that may not respond to standard medical therapy and typically necessitate surgical or percutaneous intervention. (recapem.com)
• Patient had severe mitral stenosis with moderate mitral regurgitation. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Subaortic stenosis1

• Echocardiogram of membranous subaortic stenosis. (medscape.com)

Hypertension1

• Right ventricular heave and loud P 2 if pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure are present. (mhmedical.com)

Severity3

• The symptoms of pulmonary stenosis will vary depending on the type of stenosis and the severity of the condition. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• Depending on the type and severity of the stenosis, the child may need to undergo procedures in their teens and later in adulthood to continue stretching the affected valve. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• Depending on the severity of the pulmonary stenosis, thickening of the muscles occurs and a regular flow through the heart is more difficult or impossible, which leads to an oxygen under-supply. (heartdogs.info)

Occurs2

• Pulmonary stenosis is a congenital heart condition that occurs when the pulmonary valve of the heart is narrower than it should be. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• Pulmonary congestion occurs when the left atrium is filled with excessive blood, causing tremendous pressure inside the chamber. (hxbenefit.com)

Aortic valve6

• In the heart, stenoses are mainly found on the semilunar valve, i.e. on the aortic valve and on the pulmonary valve. (heartdogs.info)
• Twenty-five percent of patients have isolated mitral stenosis, and 50% have mixed mitral valve disease or combined mitral and aortic valve involvement. (mhmedical.com)
• The other end of the spectrum is mild stenosis or commonly just a bicuspid aortic valve. (congenital.org)
• For infants, the most common treatment of valvar aortic stenosis is a balloon valvuloplasty, in which the narrowed aortic valve is relieved by the inflation of a balloon. (congenital.org)
• Moderate aortic insufficiency, especially if some degree of stenosis persists, is poorly tolerated by the left ventricle and will likely result in aortic valve replacement. (congenital.org)
• This surgical repair replaces the aortic valve with the patient's own pulmonary valve and then replacing the pulmonary valve with a human donated valve (the Ross repair shown in the animation). (congenital.org)

Diagnosis2

• The final diagnosis was DORV with situs solitus, D-loop ventricles, and L-position of the aorta {S,D,L}, left aortic arch associated with a large subaortic VSD, and pulmonary stenosis. (rbccv.org.br)
• Echocardiographic diagnosis of RHD is made when typical findings of valvular and subvalvular abnormalities are seen, including commissural fusion, leaflet thickening, and restricted leaflet mobility, with varying degrees of calcification. (ui.ac.id)

DYSPNEA1

• Later, on the current occasion, the patient was admitted to the hospital with severe dyspnea due to stenosis of the prosthetic mitral valve (area by pressure half-time of 1 cm 2 , mean gradient of 17 mmHg). (brieflands.com)

Orifice1

• The pathologic narrowing of the orifice of the PULMONARY VALVE. (ouhsc.edu)

Tetralogy2

• Subvalvular PS is one of the defining characteristics of tetralogy of Fallot. (medscape.com)
• A discussion regarding primary infundibular pulmonary stenosis versus causes of acquired infundibular pulmonary stenosis including anomalous muscle bundles (double chamber right ventricle), tetralogy of Fallot, and infundibular stenosis is presented. (bvsalud.org)

Vascular resistance2

• Cyanosis and/or severe heart failure are common signs of the Ebstein abnormality, which usually improve when pulmonary vascular resistance reduces. (icloudhospital.com)
• Pulmonary vascular resistance ≤3 Wood units. (recapem.com)

Symptoms2

• If you notice any symptoms of pulmonary stenosis, seek medical care immediately. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• Symptoms of severe stenosis may include angina, labored breathing in response to exertion, or fainting (syncope). (congenital.org)

Circulation3

• The heart muscle must apply correspondingly more force in order to carry the blood out of the heart into the pulmonary circulation. (heartdogs.info)
• Right sided ( Pulmonary) & Left sided (Systemic) circulation. (drsanjaykumaragarwal.com)
• Accordingly, sterile handling is supported with repeated antibiotic supplements (Schenke-Layland evaluation of reseeded heart valves evaluation of the decellularized reseeded heart valves has been mainly performed in the pulmonary circulation. (irjs.info)

Descriptor1

• Pulmonary Valve Stenosis" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)

RVOT2

• Preoperative imaging showed narrowing of the RVOT at both supravalvular and subvalvular levels due to the anterior displacement of RVOT after the LeCompte maneuver. (ctsnet.org)
• The pulmonary valve was resected and excessive RVOT muscles were debrided. (ctsnet.org)

Moderate2

• However, if the pulmonary stenosis is moderate or severe, the child may have to spend time in an intensive care unit (ICU) and take medication to keep the valves or arteries open. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• In many cases, the subvalvar stenosis is moderate and stable and no surgical treatment is necessary. (congenital.org)

Aorta2

• The aortic stenosis is, as the name implies, a stenosis - which is narrowing the aorta. (heartdogs.info)
• Surgical repair involves removing the obstructing portion and the remaining parts of the aorta are sutured together (see animation at right) or as an alternative for long stenosis, the aorta is patch enlarged. (congenital.org)

Apparatus1

• Besides the hypertrophic IVS, mitral valve, subvalvular apparatus, and papillary muscle may play important role for SAM and several surgical techniques have been proposed to treat SAM in literature. (go.jp)

Heart3

• Diagnosing pediatric pulmonary stenosis involves a physical exam and listening to the child's heart and lungs through a stethoscope. (careoptionsforkids.com)
• You might be suffering from Mitral stenosis (MS) - a relatively uncommon heart deformity that can cause complex cardiac problems in the future. (hxbenefit.com)
• Oxygenated blood returns to the heart from the lungs via the pulmonary vein by entering the left upper atrium. (omnicalculator.com)

Cardiac output1

• A shunt can be quantified by measuring the flow ratio of the pulmonary cardiac output (Qp) to the systemic cardiac output (Qs). (omnicalculator.com)

Tissue1

• The procedure included a resternotomy, pulmonary valve replacement with the Magna Ease #25 bioprosthetic tissue valve, and pulmonary arterioplasty with a bovine pericardium patch. (ctsnet.org)

Patient's1

• Balloon dilation of the stenosis was performed successfully twice over the patient's lifetime. (bvsalud.org)

Shunt1

• This flow ratio is the Qp/Qs ratio, otherwise known as the pulmonary-systemic shunt ratio . (omnicalculator.com)

Electrocardiogram1

• The electrocardiogram was consistent with possible right ventricular hypertrophy and the chest X-ray demonstrated cardiomegaly due to enlarged right cavities, flat pulmonary trunk segment, and diminished pulmonary vascular markings. (rbccv.org.br)

Predominantly1

• The mitral valve is predominantly affected, most often leading to mitral stenosis. (ui.ac.id)