A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida that is a small family with a single genus.

Formation of conjugated Delta11Delta13-double bonds by Delta12-linoleic acid (1,4)-acyl-lipid-desaturase in pomegranate seeds. (1/83)

For the biosynthesis of punicic acid (18:3Delta9Z,11E,13Z) a (11,14)-linoleoyl desaturase activity has been proposed. To isolate this acyl-lipid-desaturase, PCR-based cloning was used. This approach resulted in the isolation of two complete cDNAs. The first isolated full-length cDNA harbors a sequence of 1350 bp encoding a protein of 395 amino acids. The second cDNA was 1415 bp long encoding a protein of 387 amino acids. For functional identification proteins encoded by the cDNAs were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and formation of newly formed fatty acids was analyzed by gas chromatography-free induction decay (GC-FID) and GC/MS. The expression of the heterologous enzymes resulted in the first case in a significant amount of linoleic acid and in the second case, after linoleic acid supplementation, in formation of punicic acid. The results presented here identify one cDNA coding for a classical Delta12-acyl-lipid-desaturase. The other one codes for a new type of (1,4)-acyl-lipid-desaturase that converts a cis double bond located in the Delta12-position of linoleic acid or gamma-linolenic acid, but not in alpha-linolenic acid, into a conjugated cis-trans double bond system.  (+info)

A novel mechanism for the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in vascular endothelial cells by natural antioxidants. (2/83)

The activation of Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vascular endothelial cells, in response to biochemical or biomechanical stimuli, is associated with vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis. The present manuscript studies the ability of the natural antioxidant-pomegranate wine (PW), to inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or shear stress-mediated-NF-kappaB activation in vascular endothelial cells and compares it to that of red wine (RW) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). PW and RW act as potent antioxidants in vascular endothelial cells, inhibiting the oxidation of 2',7'-dichloroflurescin diacetate in TNF-alpha treated cells. PW (as well as RW and NAC) acted as potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation (migration into the nucleus and DNA binding activity) in vascular endothelial cells. Nevertheless, PW and NAC failed to inhibit TNF-a induced serine 32/36 phosphorylation and IkappaBalpha degradation. Surprisingly, these antioxidants alone induced enhanced IkappaB serine phosphorylation, which was not accompanied by IkappaBalpha degradation, or NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. This phosphorylation did not involve serine 32/36. Furthermore, we show for the first time that NAC inhibited TNF-alpha mediated phosphorylation of p65 (ser536), whereas PW had no effect on this phosphorylation. Thus, natural antioxidants may serve as potent NF-kappaB inhibitors in vascular endothelial cells, yet act through unique and divergent pathways.  (+info)

Delta 12-oleate desaturase-related enzymes associated with formation of conjugated trans-delta 11, cis-delta 13 double bonds. (3/83)

Conjugated linolenic acids are present as major seed oils in several plant species. Punicic acid (or trichosanic acid) is a conjugated linolenic acid isomer containing cis-delta9, trans-delta11, cis-delta13 double bonds in the C(18) carbon chain. Here we report cDNAs, TkFac and PgFac, isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii and Punica granatum, that encode a class of conjugases associated with the formation of trans-delta11, cis-delta13 double bonds. Expression of TkFac and PgFac in Arabidopsis seeds under transcriptional control of the seed-specific napin promoter resulted in accumulation of punicic acid up to approximately 10% (w/w) of the total seed oils. In contrast, no punicic acid was found in lipids from leaves even when the conjugases were driven under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. In yeast cells grown without exogenous fatty acids in the culture medium, TkFac and PgFac expression resulted in punicic acid accumulation accompanied by 16:2delta(9cis, 12cis) and 18:2delta(9cis, 12cis) production. Thus, TkFac and PgFac are defined as bifunctional enzymes having both conjugase and delta12-oleate desaturase activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that 16:2delta(9cis, 12cis) and 18:3delta(9cis, 12cis, 15cis) as well as 18:2delta(9cis, 12cis) are potential substrates for the conjugases to form trans-delta11 and cis-delta13 double bonds.  (+info)

Potent inhibition by star fruit of human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity. (4/83)

There has been very limited information on the capacities of tropical fruits to inhibit human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) activity. Thus, the inhibitory effects of tropical fruits on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity of CYP3A in human liver microsomes were evaluated. Eight tropical fruits such as common papaw, dragon fruit, kiwi fruit, mango, passion fruit, pomegranate, rambutan, and star fruit were tested. We also examined the inhibition of CYP3A activity by grapefruit (white) and Valencia orange as controls. The juice of star fruit showed the most potent inhibition of CYP3A. The addition of a star fruit juice (5.0%, v/v) resulted in the almost complete inhibition of midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity (residual activity of 0.1%). In the case of grape-fruit, the residual activity was 14.7%. The inhibition depended on the amount of fruit juice added to the incubation mixture (0.2-6.0%, v/v). The elongation of the preincubation period of a juice from star fruit (1.25 or 2.5%, v/v) with the microsomal fraction did not alter the CYP3A inhibition, suggesting that the star fruit did not contain a mechanism-based inhibitor. Thus, we discovered filtered extracts of star fruit juice to be inhibitors of human CYP3A activity in vitro.  (+info)

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) juice provides an HIV-1 entry inhibitor and candidate topical microbicide. (5/83)

BACKGROUND: For approximately 24 years the AIDS pandemic has claimed approximately 30 million lives, causing approximately 14,000 new HIV-1 infections daily worldwide in 2003. About 80% of infections occur by heterosexual transmission. In the absence of vaccines, topical microbicides, expected to block virus transmission, offer hope for controlling the pandemic. Antiretroviral chemotherapeutics have decreased AIDS mortality in industrialized countries, but only minimally in developing countries. To prevent an analogous dichotomy, microbicides should be: acceptable; accessible; affordable; and accelerative in transition from development to marketing. Already marketed pharmaceutical excipients or foods, with established safety records and adequate anti-HIV-1 activity, may provide this option. METHODS: Fruit juices were screened for inhibitory activity against HIV-1 IIIB using CD4 and CXCR4 as cell receptors. The best juice was tested for inhibition of: (1) infection by HIV-1 BaL, utilizing CCR5 as the cellular coreceptor; and (2) binding of gp120 IIIB and gp120 BaL, respectively, to CXCR4 and CCR5. To remove most colored juice components, the adsorption of the effective ingredient(s) to dispersible excipients and other foods was investigated. A selected complex was assayed for inhibition of infection by primary HIV-1 isolates. RESULTS: HIV-1 entry inhibitors from pomegranate juice adsorb onto corn starch. The resulting complex blocks virus binding to CD4 and CXCR4/CCR5 and inhibits infection by primary virus clades A to G and group O. CONCLUSION: These results suggest the possibility of producing an anti-HIV-1 microbicide from inexpensive, widely available sources, whose safety has been established throughout centuries, provided that its quality is adequately standardized and monitored.  (+info)

Effects of pomegranate juice on human cytochrome p450 3A (CYP3A) and carbamazepine pharmacokinetics in rats. (6/83)

In this study, we investigated whether components of pomegranate could inhibit CYP3A-mediated drug metabolism. The ability of pomegranate to inhibit the carbamazepine 10,11-epoxidase activity of CYP3A was examined using human liver microsomes, and pomegranate juice was shown to be a potent inhibitor of human CYP3A. Addition of 25 microl (5.0% v/v) of pomegranate juice resulted in almost complete inhibition of the carbamazepine 10,11-epoxidase activity of human CYP3A (1.8%). The inhibition potency of pomegranate juice was similar to that of grapefruit juice. In addition, we investigated the in vivo interaction between pomegranate juice and carbamazepine pharmacokinetics using rats. In comparison with water, the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of carbamazepine was approximately 1.5-fold higher when pomegranate juice (2 ml) was orally injected 1 h before the oral administration of the carbamazepine (50 mg/kg). On the other hand, the elimination half-life of carbamazepine and the AUC ratio of carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide to carbamazepine were not altered by the injection of pomegranate juice. These data suggest that pomegranate juice component(s) impairs the function of enteric but not hepatic CYP3A. Thus, we discovered that a component(s) of pomegranate inhibits the human CYP3A-mediated metabolism of carbamazepine. Furthermore, pomegranate juice alters the carbamazepine pharmacokinetics in rats.  (+info)

Beneficial effects of pomegranate juice on oxidation-sensitive genes and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity at sites of perturbed shear stress. (7/83)

Atherosclerosis is enhanced in arterial segments exposed to disturbed flow. Perturbed shear stress increases the expression of oxidation-sensitive responsive genes (such as ELK-1 and p-JUN) in the endothelium. Evidence suggests that polyphenolic antioxidants contained in the juice derived from the pomegranate can contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress and atherogenesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of intervention with pomegranate juice (PJ) on oxidation-sensitive genes and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression induced by high shear stress in vitro and in vivo. Cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells (EC) exposed to high shear stress in vitro and hypercholesterolemic mice were used in this study. PJ concentrate reduced the activation of redox-sensitive genes (ELK-1 and p-JUN) and increased eNOS expression (which was decreased by perturbed shear stress) in cultured EC and in atherosclerosis-prone areas of hypercholesterolemic mice. Moreover, oral administration of PJ to hypercholesterolemic mice at various stages of disease reduced significantly the progression of atherosclerosis. This experimental study indicates that the proatherogenic effects induced by perturbed shear stress can be reversed by chronic administration of PJ. This approach may have implications for the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations.  (+info)

Pomegranate flower improves cardiac lipid metabolism in a diabetic rat model: role of lowering circulating lipids. (8/83)

Excess triglyceride (TG) accumulation and increased fatty acid (FA) oxidation in the diabetic heart contribute to cardiac dysfunction. Punica granatum flower (PGF) is a traditional antidiabetic medicine. Here, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of PGF extract on abnormal cardiac lipid metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Long-term oral administration of PGF extract (500 mg kg(-1)) reduced cardiac TG content, accompanied by a decrease in plasma levels of TG and total cholesterol in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, indicating improvement by PGF extract of abnormal cardiac TG accumulation and hyperlipidemia in this diabetic model. Treatment of ZDF rats with PGF extract lowered plasma FA levels. Furthermore, the treatment suppressed cardiac overexpression of mRNAs encoding for FA transport protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, acyl-CoA oxidase and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase alpha2, and restored downregulated cardiac acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA expression in ZDF rats, whereas it showed little effect in Zucker lean rats. The results suggest that PGF extract inhibits increased cardiac FA uptake and oxidation in the diabetic condition. PGF extract and its component oleanolic acid enhanced PPAR-alpha luciferase reporter gene activity in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, and this effect was completely suppressed by a selective PPAR-alpha antagonist MK-886, consistent with the presence of PPAR-alpha activator activity in the extract and this component. Our findings suggest that PGF extract improves abnormal cardiac lipid metabolism in ZDF rats by activating PPAR-alpha and thereby lowering circulating lipid and inhibiting its cardiac uptake.  (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Punicaceae" is not a recognized term in modern medicine or medical botany. It is possible that you may be referring to "Punica granatum," which is the scientific name for the pomegranate tree and its fruit. The pomegranate has been studied for its potential medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. However, I would need more context to provide a more specific definition or explanation.

Punicaceae) Sycamore fig (Ficus sycomorus. Moraceae), also called old world sycomore or just sycomore These are some fruits ...
The families Sonneratiaceae, Trapaceae, and Punicaceae are removed from the Lythraceae. In the classification system of ...
1834) S. A. Graham, Thorne & Reveal 1998 = 'Punicaceae', 1 genus: Punica Subfamily Sonneratioideae (Engl. & Gilg 1924) S. A. ... Molecular phylogeny work has led to the inclusion of the formerly recognized families Duabangaceae, Punicaceae, Sonneratiaceae ... formerly in Punicaceae) and the water caltrop (Trapa natans, formerly in Trapaceae). Lythraceae has a worldwide distribution, ... formerly classed in a separate family Punicaceae. The family also includes the widely cultivated crape myrtle trees. ...
Punicaceae). Yu, Dicky Sick Ki (1997-2012). "Hyposidra infixaria (Walker 1860)". Home of Ichneumonoidea. Taxapad. Archived from ...
Punicaceae Volume 3 (1963): Sapotacees Volume 2 (1962): Anacardiaceae, Moringaceae, Connaraceae Volume 1 (1960): Sabiaceae 1st ...
Bruniaceae Hamamelidaceae Casuarinaceae Eucommiaceae Platanaceae ordo Myrtales Lythraceae Sonneratiaceae Punicaceae ...
Ordo Myrtales Myrtaceae Lecythidaceae Barringtoniaceae Asteranthaceae Dialypetalanthaceae Sonneratiaceae Punicaceae ...
... punicaceae MeSH B06.388.100.835 - pyrolaceae MeSH B06.388.100.835.500 - pyrola MeSH B06.388.100.838 - ranunculaceae MeSH ...
Cucurbitaceae subordo Myrtineae Lythraceae Trapaceae Crypteroniaceae Myrtaceae Dialypetalanthaceae Sonneratiaceae Punicaceae ...
Punicaceae Onagraceae Oliniaceae Melastomataceae Combretaceae Alzateaceae Memecylaceae Rhyncocalycaceae Order Rhizophorales ...
Punicaceae), and Sarcostemma acidum (Asclepiadaceae). However, the compound isolated from Gossypium, as well as other cotton ...
Platanaceae Platanus orientalis Punicaceae Punica granatum Rhamnaceae Paliurus spina-christi Rhamnus pallasii Rosaceae ...
Although previously placed in its own family Punicaceae, recent phylogenetic studies have shown that Punica belongs in the ...
Punicaceae, Salvadoraceae, Sarcospermaceae, Saururaceae, Sonneratiaceae, Sparganiaceae, Sphenocleaceae, Stackhousiaceae, ...
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome ...
Punicaceae. Checklist: Punicaceae PUNICACEAE Introduction:. This is a checklist of species, generated from the database, which ... Flora of Zimbabwe: Cultivated plants checklist: Punicaceae. https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/utilities/utility- ...
MedChemExpress provides Punicaceae extract, Basically covering all structural classifications. These products have a wide range ...
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Punicaceae) Sycamore fig (Ficus sycomorus. Moraceae), also called old world sycomore or just sycomore These are some fruits ...
Family: Punicaceae. Local Name: Anaar. Medicinal Uses:. - Used as an anthelmintic.. - Good for improving memory, brain and ...
Lythraceae; Sonneratiaceae; Punicaceae. In: Fang Wen-pei & Chang Che-yung, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(2): 67-111; 111 ...
En la década de los años setenta se inicia la colección de plantas que actualmente constituye el Herbario "Jaime Andrés Rodríguez" -LEB- de la Universidad de León. Se ha dedicado expresamente a la memoria de quien impulsó su creación y fue el primer profesor de Botánica de esta institución. El Herbario de la Universidad de León alberga, en la actualidad, además de la colección de Brasil, aproximadamente, 110.000 pliegos de plantas, 9.000 muestras de líquenes, 4.300 de hongos y 25 ejemplares tipo de diatomeas ...
Punicaceae Genus: Punica Species. P. granatum P. proto-punica Pomegranates originated in Persia and have been cultivated around ...
04: Saxifragaceae, Crypteroniaceae, Droseraceae, Hamamelidaceae, Haloragaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiaceae, Punicaceae. 1965 ...
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L., Punicaceae) is used in the traditional system of medicine in different Asian cultures for the ... Punica granatum is a deciduous tree belongs to the family Punicaceae; it is known for its edible fruit. During the last two ...
Punicaceae. Punica granatum (planted). St Johns Prep School and College. Record Fagaceae. Quercus robur (planted). St Johns ...
Family: Punicaceae. Local Name: Ananghorai. Habit: A wild/cultivated fruit yielding small bush like tree ...
Punica granatum L. is a tree belonging to the Punicaceae family grown in Iran, Afghanistan, Turke.... ...
Punicaceae Description: Please welcome our Pomegranate Peel! Slightly bitter yet fruity, this GMO free, non-irradiated dried ... Plant Family: Punicaceae. Description: Please welcome our Pomegranate Peel! Slightly bitter yet fruity, this GMO free, non- ...
Punicaceae 084961-57-9. --. No Mango extract 090063-86-8. --. No Tetrasodium EDTA 000064-02-8. --. No ...
PUNICA granatum Legrellei Punicaceae PUNICA granatum Luteum Plenum Punicaceae PUNICA granatum Maxima Rubra Punicaceae ... PUNICA granatum Nana Gracilissima Punicaceae PUNICA granatum Provence Grenadier a fruits. PYRACANTHA Rouge Rosaceae PYRUS ...
Punicaceae).. Atul Prakash, Seema Chauhan and Anita Rana Abstract PDF Research Article ...
Punjab (pŭn´jäb´) [Pers.,=five rivers], historic region in the NW of the Indian subcontinent. Since 1947 it has been separated into an Indian state and a Pakistani province bearing the same name. The Indus River bounds the region in part of the west and the Yamuna River in part of the east.
Origin: South-eastern Europe to the Himalayas.. Botanical features: It is a large bushy shrub or small tree, deciduous, erect, with rounded crown, sometimes spiny. It has a grey bark that with the passing of time peels off in lighter scales, considered decorative. Leaves are opposite, oblong, brown, bright green and shiny, with coppery veins when young ant turn beautifully yellow in autumn. It has a beautiful and showy prolonged bloom in summer with funnel-shaped flowers supplied with 5 orange-red petals, solitary or in bunches. Then, very decorative, globose, yellow-red fruits occur on the plant, which are up to 12 cm wide with edible red seeds within.. Agronomic and environmental characteristics: It has no special requirements if the soil is well-drained, but this plant needs to be placed in full sun or at least against a sunny wall.. Use: It has been cultivated in Europe for a long time for its flowering and fruits, it has found the ideal climate in the Mediterranean regions. Once it was ...
A series of pomegranate jams were prepared from a Tunisian ecotype (Tounsi) with different amounts of sugar (10, 20 and 30%) and low-methoxylated pectin (0.2, 0.7 and 1.2%). The most appreciated formulation was that contaning 30% sugars and 0.2% pectin. Then, commercial pectin was substituted by other gelling agents (pomegranate peel powders dried at 50°C vs lyophilized, pectin and fibre extracted from pomegranate peel) for the preparation of pomegranate peel-based jams. The elaborated jams were evaluated for physichochemical, colour, texture and sensory characteristics. Results revealed that the jam (JPP2) elaborated with 0.2% pectin extracted from pomegranate peel exhibited similar overall acceptability to that prepared with commercial pectin. However, it was more acceptable than other pomegranate peel-based jams, which was related to a better appreciation of sweetness and colour. According to the colour and texture measurements, this sample (JPP2) was more reddish and less firm than other ...
Punicaceae. Pyrolaceae. Ranunculaceae. Rhamnaceae. Rosaceae. Rubiaceae. Rutaceae. Rytaceae. Sapindacea. Sargassaceae. ...
IST OF MEDICINAL PLANTS (HERBS) - MALAYALAM NAME, (മലയാളതില്‍ ഉള്ള ആയുര്‍വേദ ചെടികളുടെ പേരുകള്‍ ) SANSKIRT NAME, BOTANICAL NAME , A compilation work on Ayurvedic Indian Medicinal Plants. You can get all necessary information about Medicinal Plants including its Botanical names, morphology, classification , therapeutic uses, Names in different languages, synonyms, habitat , Chemical present in Medicinal plants , Systemic action in nervous, digestive system etc., properties, parts used ,dosage, formulations or Yogas in Ayurveda , research works & pictures etc
Punicaceae*Punica granatum L.(Nar agaci). *Onagraceae*Epilobium hirsutum L.(Yakiotu). *Cucurbitaceae*Citrulllus colocynthis (L ...
منطقه شیمبار یا شیرین بهار با مساحتی معادل 53 هزار هکتار در 45 کیلومتری شمال شرقی مسجد سلیمان و در محدوده بخش اندیکا و در دامنه شمالی دریاچه سد شهید عباسپور در حوزه زاگرسی، ناحیه ایرانی-تورانی قرار دارد. پوشش گیاهی منطقه با پیمایش میدانی در سه فصل زمستان، بهار و تابستان، سال‌های 1391 و 1392 جمع‌آوری و پس از پرس و خشک کردن با منابع فلوری مرتبط با ایران و کشورهای همسایه شناسایی شد. در پژوهش حاضر، تعداد 189 گونه متعلق به 149 جنس و 51 تیره شناسایی شد. بزرگترین تیره‌های گیاهی منطقه، Asteraceae با 23 گونه، Poaceae با 19 گونه، Lamiaceae با 18 گونه، Papilionaceae با 18 گونه، Rosaceae با 10 گونه، Apiaceae با 9
... On-line free medical diagnosis assistant. Ranked list of possible diseases from either several symptoms or a full patient history. A similarity measure between symptoms and diseases is provided.
Punicaceae. Lythraceae. Taxodiaceae. Cupressaceae. D - Chemicals and Drugs Deleted descriptor Concept absorbed by ...
Punicaceae. Lythraceae. Taxodiaceae. Cupressaceae. D - Chemicals and Drugs Deleted descriptor Concept absorbed by ...
Identification of fruit and plantation crops, Study the seed propagation in fruit plants, To study the layout and planting of orchard
Punicaceae. Pyrolaceae. Ranunculaceae. Rhamnaceae. Rosaceae. Rubiaceae. Rutaceae. Rytaceae. Sapindacea. Sargassaceae. ...
  • Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L., Punicaceae) is used in the traditional system of medicine in different Asian cultures for the treatment of variety of ailments. (hindawi.com)
  • Punica granatum L. is a tree belonging to the Punicaceae family grown in Iran, Afghanistan, Turke. (kitairu.net)
  • Shega (punica granatum) i përket familjes Punicaceae. (familjadheshendeti.com)
  • Plantaginaceae) and Pomegranate ( Punica granatum , Punicaceae) and their interference in the action of amoxicillin in vitro" . (actascientific.com)
  • Punicaceae , Trapaceae ) is represented by five genera and 15 species (native and alien), the most numerous of which is the genus Lythrum . (kspu.edu)
  • Pomegranates are a deciduous or evergreen tree or shrub in the family Punicaceae grown for its edible fruits. (farmfreshfundraising.com)