Root caries. Medical search. Definitions

Dental caries involving the tooth root, cementum, or cervical area of the tooth.

Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.

The predisposition to tooth decay (DENTAL CARIES).

Diagnostic tests conducted in order to measure the increment of active DENTAL CARIES over a period of time.

"Decayed, missing and filled teeth," a routinely used statistical concept in dentistry.

The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690)

A diet that contributes to the development and advancement of DENTAL CARIES.

Substances that inhibit or arrest DENTAL CARIES formation. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)

Exposure of the root surface when the edge of the gum (GINGIVA) moves apically away from the crown of the tooth. This is common with advancing age, vigorous tooth brushing, diseases, or tissue loss of the gingiva, the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT and the supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).

The lymph or fluid of dentin. It is a transudate of extracellular fluid, mainly cytoplasm of odontoblastic processes, from the dental pulp via the dentinal tubules. It is also called dental lymph. (From Stedman, 26th ed, p665)

Therapeutic technique for replacement of minerals in partially decalcified teeth.

The geographic area of the northwestern region of the United States. The states usually included in this region are Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming.

Exudate from seeds of the grape plant Vitis vinifera, composed of oils and secondary plant metabolites (BIOFLAVONOIDS and polyphenols) credited with important medicinal properties.

A subclass of iridoid compounds that include a glycoside moiety, usually found at the C-1 position.

A restoration designed to remain in service for not less than 20 to 30 years, usually made of gold casting, cohesive gold, or amalgam. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

The giving of attention to the special dental needs of the elderly for proper maintenance or treatment. The dental care may include the services provided by dental specialists.

A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.

The practice of personal hygiene of the mouth. It includes the maintenance of oral cleanliness, tissue tone, and general preservation of oral health.

Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways.

A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent. It was formerly used as a vermifuge.

Decreased salivary flow.

The failure to retain teeth as a result of disease or injury.

A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).

Dental caries in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44 years. (1/37)

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44. METHODS: A stratified sample was used. The participation rate was 77% for the questionnaire and 44.5% for the oral examination. A total of 2,110 people were examined. The World Health Organization's caries criteria were used. Examiner agreement with gold standard dentist was excellent at the end of the nine-day training session (Kappa index > 0.8). RESULTS: The level of caries experience is very high in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44. Almost half of dental surfaces (65 of 148) have been affected. These surfaces are mostly missing (39.3) or filled (23.9). However, there were 1.8 decayed surfaces in need of treatment per adult, and more than half the people (55.5%) had no untreated decayed surfaces. Almost three-quarters of decayed surfaces were present in only 14% of the people; lower family income and lower education are risk factors. CONCLUSION: Comparison between Quebec and industrialized countries (United States, England and the Netherlands) shows that in adults 35 to 44, the mean number of decayed teeth is low (between 1.0 and 2.2) and the mean number of filled teeth is relatively similar (between 9.6 and 11.1); however, Quebec has a higher percentage than the United States of edentulous people. As well, in dentate adults, there are 1.6 times more missing teeth among Quebecers than among Americans. (+info)

Clinical applications and outcomes of using indicators of risk in caries management. (2/37)

The aim of this review was to systematically assess clinical evidence in the literature to determine the predictive validity of currently available multivariate caries risk-assessment strategies (including environmental, sociodemographic, behavioral, microbiological, dietary/nutritional, and/or salivary risk factors) in: 1) primary teeth; 2) coronal surfaces of permanent teeth; and 3) root surfaces of permanent teeth. We identified 1,249 articles in the search, and selected 169 for full review. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established prior to commencement of the literature search. Papers that conformed to these criteria were included (n = 15 for primary teeth; n = 22 for permanent teeth; and n = 6 for root surfaces), and 126 papers were excluded. Included articles were grouped by study design as: longitudinal, retrospective, and cross-sectional. The predictive validity of the models reviewed depended strongly on the caries prevalence and characteristics of the population for which they were designed. In many instances, the use of a single predictor gave equally good results as the use of a combination of predictors. Previous caries experience was an important predictor for all tooth types. (+info)

Clinical decision-making for caries management in root surfaces. (3/37)

This report presents the results of an evidence-based approach to obtaining the best available information on the natural history, prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of root caries. Searches of electronic databases produced 807 references; from these and from citations in the selected articles, a final 161 references were used. We found that the information on the natural history of the disease does not provide practitioners with probabilities of, or time estimates for, progression of the disease through stages. For patients aged thirty and older, the prevalence of root caries is roughly 20 to 22 percent less than a person's age. Severity reaches over one lesion by age fifty, two lesions by age seventy, and just over three lesions for those seventy-five and older. About 8 percent (odds of 1:11) of the population would be expected to acquire one or more new root caries lesions in one year. The accuracy of current systems of diagnosis is unknown, although color has been shown to have little validity. Using the criteria of "softness" to define active lesions has been validated by the presence of microbes in the lesion. One strong study and other studies with weaker design or shorter duration add consistent support for the use of fluorides in the remineralization of root caries. Every three-month application of chlorhexidine varnish was shown to be efficacious in one arm of one study. Evidence for restoration of root caries is tentative since the studies were of limited design and duration. (+info)

The diagnosis of root caries. (4/37)

The most commonly used clinical signs of root caries are visual (color, contour, surface cavitation) and tactile (surface texture) descriptions of a lesion. The traditional methods of visual-tactile diagnosis for root caries can produce a correct diagnosis but usually not until the lesion is at an advanced stage. Despite the subjectivity inherent in interpreting the clinical signs of root caries diagnosis, good to excellent inter-examiner reliability has been reported in clinical studies; however, the presence of filled surfaces dramatically enhances the agreement. When only untreated root caries is diagnosed, examiner reliability is reduced considerably. Clinicians look to diagnostic tests in the hope that they will perform better (that is, be more reliable) than clinical diagnosis and, therefore, can be used to replace clinical diagnosis. From the limited data available on diagnostic tests for root caries, tests determining the presence or absence of mutans streptococci and Lactobacilli are the most clinically helpful, producing calibrated efficiency scores exceeding 40 percent. The risk assessment approach to root caries diagnosis involves the determination of a patient's risk through the interpretation of clinical signs and the selection and application of an appropriate diagnostic test if the clinician is unsure of the diagnosis. (+info)

Root caries prevalence in a group of Brazilian adult dental patients. (5/37)

The aim of this study was to measure the caries prevalence in the root surface in a group of Brazilian adults. The prevalence and their intraoral distribution of caries lesions of root surface were assessed in dental patients ranging in age from 35 to 44 and from 50 to 59 years of age of both sexes (n=360). A total of 98.9% had root surfaces with gingival recession and 78.1% had at least one root caries lesion. The prevalence of the disease was analyzed using the Root Caries Index (RCI). The average value was greater for women (18.6%) than for men (13.4%) (p<0.01) and similar in both age groups (p>0.01). The maxillary canines and first premolars and the mandibular molars presented the greatest RCI values. The RCI was greater in the proximal surface of the maxilla and buccal surface of the mandible. We conclude that caries of the root surface are present in the Brazilian population and deserve attention concerning their actual role in the epidemiology of principal oral diseases of the adult population. (+info)

Systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HealOzone for the treatment of occlusal pit/fissure caries and root caries. (6/37)

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HealOzone (CurOzone USA Inc., Ontario, Canada) for the management of pit and fissure caries, and root caries. The complete HealOzone procedure involves the direct application of ozone gas to the caries lesion on the tooth surface, the use of a remineralising solution immediately after application of ozone and the supply of a 'patient kit', which consists of toothpaste, oral rinse and oral spray all containing fluoride. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases up to May 2004 (except Conference Papers Index, which were searched up to May 2002). REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review of the effectiveness of HealOzone for the management of tooth decay was carried out. A systematic review of existing economic evaluations of ozone for dental caries was also planned but no suitable studies were identified. The economic evaluation included in the industry submission was critically appraised and summarised. A Markov model was constructed to explore possible cost-effectiveness aspects of HealOzone in addition to current management of dental caries. RESULTS: Five full-text reports and five studies published as abstracts met the inclusion criteria. The five full-text reports consisted of two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the use of HealOzone for the management of primary root caries and two doctoral theses of three unpublished randomised trials assessing the use of HealOzone for the management of occlusal caries. Of the abstracts, four assessed the effects of HealOzone for the management of occlusal caries and one the effects of HealOzone for the management of root caries. Overall, the quality of the studies was modest, with many important methodological aspects not reported (e.g. concealment of allocation, blinding procedures, compliance of patients with home treatment). In particular, there were some concerns about the choice of statistical analyses. In most of the full-text studies analyses were undertaken at lesion level, ignoring the clustering of lesions within patients. The nature of the methodological concerns was sufficient to raise doubts about the validity of the included studies' findings. A quantitative synthesis of results was deemed inappropriate. On the whole, there is not enough evidence from published RCTs on which to judge the effectiveness of ozone for the management of both occlusal and root caries. The perspective adopted for the study was that of the NHS and Personal Social Services. The analysis, carried out over a 5-year period, indicated that treatment using current management plus HealOzone cost more than current management alone for non-cavitated pit and fissure caries (40.49 pounds versus 24.78 pounds), but cost less for non-cavitated root caries ( 14.63 pounds versus 21.45 pounds). Given the limitations of the calculations these figures should be regarded as illustrative, not definitive. It was not possible to measure health benefits in terms of quality-adjusted life-years, due to uncertainties around the evidence of clinical effectiveness, and to the fact that the adverse events avoided are transient (e.g. pain from injection of local anaesthetic, fear of the drill). One-way sensitivity analysis was applied to the model. However, owing to the limitations of the economic analysis, this should be regarded as merely speculative. For non-cavitated pit and fissure caries, the HealOzone option was always more expensive than current management when the probability of cure using the HealOzone option was 70% or lower. For non-cavitated root caries the costs of the HealOzone comparator were lower than those of current management only when cure rates from HealOzone were at least 80%. The costs of current management were higher than those of the HealOzone option when the cure rate for current management was 40% or lower. One-way sensitivity analysis was also performed using similar NHS Statement of Dental Remuneration codes to those that are used in the industry submission. This did not alter the results for non-cavitated pit fissure caries as the discounted net present value of current management remained lower than that of the HealOzone comparator ( 22.65 pounds versus 33.39 pounds). CONCLUSIONS: Any treatment that preserves teeth and avoids fillings is welcome. However, the current evidence base for HealOzone is insufficient to conclude that it is a cost-effective addition to the management and treatment of occlusal and root caries. To make a decision on whether HealOzone is a cost-effective alternative to current preventive methods for the management of dental caries, further research into its clinical effectiveness is required. Independent RCTs of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HealOzone for the management of occlusal caries and root caries need to be properly conducted with adequate design, outcome measures and methods for statistical analyses. (+info)

The effect of antibacterial monomer MDPB on the growth of organisms associated with root caries. (7/37)

MDPB, 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide, was tested for its ability to inhibit the growth of organisms associated with active root caries lesions and to modify the growth characteristics of these organisms at sub-MICs. MICs and MBCs of MDPB for independent isolates (n=5) of the following taxa: Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus salivarius, Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerensceriae, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Lactobacillus spp., and Candida albicans were determined, and the effects at sub-MIC on microbial growth kinetics were assessed. All isolates were sensitive to inhibition by MDPB. The median MICs and MBCs of MDPB for these organisms were in the range of 3.13 to 25.0 microg/ml and 6.25 to 50.0 microg/ml, respectively. As for the influence of pH, inhibition was sensitive to acidic pH. Even at sub-MICs, the growth of all strains, measured as cell yield and doubling time, was significantly reduced. Based on the results of this study, MDPB exhibited the potential to inhibit the growth of microbiota associated with active root caries lesions. (+info)

Bacterial profiles of root caries in elderly patients. (8/37)

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Root caries is a type of dental decay that occurs on the root surface of teeth, which is typically exposed due to gingival recession or periodontal disease. These caries lesions often progress rapidly because the root surface lacks the protective enamel layer and has more porous cementum that is susceptible to acid dissolution. Root caries are most commonly found in older adults, but can also occur in younger individuals with poor oral hygiene or who have orthodontic appliances or crowns that expose root surfaces. If left untreated, root caries can lead to tooth sensitivity, pain, infection, and even tooth loss.

Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities, refers to the damage or breakdown of the hard tissues of the teeth (enamel, dentin, and cementum) due to the activity of acid-producing bacteria. These bacteria ferment sugars from food and drinks, producing acids that dissolve and weaken the tooth structure, leading to cavities.

The process of dental caries development involves several stages:

1. Demineralization: The acidic environment created by bacterial activity causes minerals (calcium and phosphate) to be lost from the tooth surface, making it weaker and more susceptible to decay.
2. Formation of a white spot lesion: As demineralization progresses, a chalky white area appears on the tooth surface, indicating early caries development.
3. Cavity formation: If left untreated, the demineralization process continues, leading to the breakdown and loss of tooth structure, resulting in a cavity or hole in the tooth.
4. Infection and pulp involvement: As the decay progresses deeper into the tooth, it can reach the dental pulp (the soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels), causing infection, inflammation, and potentially leading to toothache, abscess, or even tooth loss.

Preventing dental caries involves maintaining good oral hygiene, reducing sugar intake, using fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash, and having regular dental check-ups and cleanings. Early detection and treatment of dental caries can help prevent further progression and more severe complications.

Dental caries susceptibility refers to the likelihood or predisposition of an individual to develop dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities. It is influenced by various factors such as oral hygiene practices, dietary habits, saliva composition, and the presence of certain bacteria in the mouth, particularly mutans streptococci and lactobacilli.

People with a higher dental caries susceptibility may have thinner or softer enamel, reduced saliva flow, or a greater concentration of cavity-causing bacteria in their mouths. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and using fluoride toothpaste, can help reduce the risk of developing dental caries. Additionally, a balanced diet that limits sugary and starchy foods and beverages can also help lower the likelihood of tooth decay.

Dental caries activity tests are a group of diagnostic procedures used to measure or evaluate the activity and progression of dental caries (tooth decay). These tests help dentists and dental professionals determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their patients. Here are some commonly used dental caries activity tests:

1. **Bacterial Counts:** This test measures the number of bacteria present in a sample taken from the tooth surface. A higher bacterial count indicates a higher risk of dental caries.
2. **Sucrose Challenge Test:** In this test, a small amount of sucrose (table sugar) is applied to the tooth surface. After a set period, the presence and quantity of acid produced by bacteria are measured. Increased acid production suggests a higher risk of dental caries.
3. **pH Monitoring:** This test measures the acidity or alkalinity (pH level) of the saliva or plaque in the mouth. A lower pH level indicates increased acidity, which can lead to tooth decay.
4. **Dye Tests:** These tests use a special dye that stains active carious lesions on the tooth surface. The stained areas are then easily visible and can be evaluated for treatment.
5. **Transillumination Test:** A bright light is shone through the tooth to reveal any cracks, fractures, or areas of decay. This test helps identify early stages of dental caries that may not yet be visible during a routine dental examination.
6. **Laser Fluorescence Tests:** These tests use a handheld device that emits a laser beam to detect and quantify the presence of bacterial biofilm or dental plaque on the tooth surface. Increased fluorescence suggests a higher risk of dental caries.

It is important to note that these tests should be used as part of a comprehensive dental examination and not as standalone diagnostic tools. A dentist's clinical judgment, in conjunction with these tests, will help determine the best course of treatment for each individual patient.

I'm not aware of a medical definition for "DMF Index." The abbreviation "DMF" could potentially stand for many things, as it is used in various contexts across different fields. In the field of dentistry, DMF stands for Decayed, Missing, and Filled teeth/surfaces, which is a method for measuring dental caries or tooth decay. However, there is no standard medical definition for "DMF Index." If you could provide more context or specify the field of study or practice, I would be happy to help further!

A tooth root is the part of a tooth that is embedded in the jawbone and cannot be seen when looking at a person's smile. It is the lower portion of a tooth that typically has a conical shape and anchors the tooth to the jawbone through a periodontal ligament. The tooth root is covered by cementum, a specialized bone-like tissue, and contains nerve endings and blood vessels within its pulp chamber.

The number of roots in a tooth can vary depending on the type of tooth. For example, incisors typically have one root, canines may have one or two roots, premolars usually have one or two roots, and molars often have two to four roots. The primary function of the tooth root is to provide stability and support for the crown of the tooth, allowing it to withstand the forces of biting and chewing.

A cariogenic diet is a type of diet that increases the risk of dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities. This occurs when the bacteria in the mouth break down sugars and other fermentable carbohydrates in the food we eat to produce acid, which can erode the enamel of the teeth and cause cavities.

Foods and drinks that are high in sugar and sticky or retain in the mouth for a longer time, such as candy, cookies, cakes, dried fruits, sodas, and fruit juices, are considered cariogenic. Frequent consumption of these types of food and drinks can increase the risk of tooth decay.

It is important to maintain a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy products, as well as limiting sugary snacks and beverages, to promote good oral health. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing twice a day and flossing daily, can also help prevent tooth decay.

Cariostatic agents are substances or medications that are used to prevent or inhibit the development and progression of dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities. These agents work by reducing the ability of bacteria in the mouth to produce acid, which can erode the enamel and dentin of the teeth and lead to cavities.

There are several types of cariostatic agents that are commonly used in dental care, including:

1. Fluorides: These are the most widely used and well-studied cariostatic agents. They work by promoting the remineralization of tooth enamel and making it more resistant to acid attacks. Fluoride can be found in toothpaste, mouthwashes, gels, varnishes, and fluoridated water supplies.
2. Antimicrobial agents: These substances work by reducing the population of bacteria in the mouth that contribute to tooth decay. Examples include chlorhexidine, triclosan, and xylitol.
3. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP): This is a complex protein that has been shown to help remineralize tooth enamel and reduce the risk of dental caries. It can be found in some toothpastes and mouthwashes.
4. Silver diamine fluoride: This is a topical fluoride compound that contains silver ions, which have antimicrobial properties. It has been shown to be effective in preventing and arresting dental caries, particularly in high-risk populations such as young children and older adults with dry mouth.

It's important to note that while cariostatic agents can help reduce the risk of tooth decay, they are not a substitute for good oral hygiene practices such as brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and visiting the dentist regularly.

Gingival recession is the term used to describe the exposure of the root surface of a tooth as a result of the loss of gum tissue (gingiva) due to periodontal disease or improper oral hygiene practices. It can also occur due to other factors such as aggressive brushing, grinding or clenching of teeth, and misaligned teeth. Gingival recession is often characterized by red, swollen, or sensitive gums, and can lead to tooth sensitivity, decay, and even tooth loss if left untreated.

Dentinal fluid refers to the fluid present within the dentinal tubules, which are tiny microscopic channels that run through the dentin layer of a tooth. Dentin is the hard, calcified tissue that lies beneath the tooth's enamel and cementum layers and forms the majority of the tooth's structure.

The dentinal fluid is primarily made up of water and various organic components, including proteins and other molecules. It flows through the dentinal tubules in response to changes in pressure or temperature, which can stimulate nerve endings within the dentin and cause a sensation of pain or discomfort. This phenomenon is known as dentinal hypersensitivity.

The movement of dentinal fluid also plays a role in the transmission of sensory information from the tooth to the nervous system, allowing us to perceive different sensations such as hot, cold, or pressure. Understanding the properties and behavior of dentinal fluid is important for developing effective treatments for dental conditions such as tooth sensitivity and decay.

Tooth remineralization is a natural process by which minerals, such as calcium and phosphate, are redeposited into the microscopic pores (hydroxyapatite crystals) in the enamel of a tooth. This process can help to repair early decay and strengthen the teeth. It occurs when the mouth's pH is neutral or slightly alkaline, which allows the minerals in our saliva, fluoride from toothpaste or other sources, and calcium and phosphate ions from foods to be absorbed into the enamel. Remineralization can be promoted through good oral hygiene practices, such as brushing with a fluoride toothpaste, flossing, and eating a balanced diet that includes foods rich in calcium and phosphate.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Northwestern United States" is not a term that has a medical definition. It generally refers to a geographical region in the US, consisting of states like Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and sometimes Montana and Wyoming. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I'd be happy to try to help answer those!

Grape seed extract is not a medical term, but I can provide you with a general description and uses based on scientific and medical understanding.

Grape seed extract (GSE) is a dietary supplement derived from the ground-up seeds of grapes. It contains several bioactive compounds, including proanthocyanidins, which are potent antioxidants. GSE has been studied for its potential health benefits, such as:

1. Anti-inflammatory effects: GSE may help reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of certain inflammatory molecules.
2. Cardiovascular health: Some research suggests that GSE could improve cardiovascular health by reducing blood pressure, increasing blood flow, and preventing platelet aggregation.
3. Antioxidant properties: The high antioxidant content in GSE helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
4. Skin health: Topical application of GSE has been shown to improve skin hydration, elasticity, and reduce the appearance of wrinkles.
5. Neuroprotection: Preclinical studies indicate that GSE may have neuroprotective effects, potentially helping protect against age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

However, it is essential to note that while some research shows promising results, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm these potential health benefits and establish appropriate dosages. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.

Iridoid glycosides are a type of naturally occurring compounds that are found in various plants, including the Lamiaceae (mint) family and the Plantaginaceae (plantain) family. These compounds consist of an iridoid moiety, which is a cyclic molecule derived from the terpene iridodial, linked to a sugar group. Iridoid glycosides have been studied for their potential medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and analgesic effects. Some examples of plants that contain iridoid glycosides include gardenia, olive, and valerian. It is important to note that while some iridoid glycosides have been found to have medicinal benefits, others may be toxic in high concentrations, so it is essential to use them under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

A dental restoration, permanent, is a type of dental treatment that involves the use of materials such as gold, silver amalgam, porcelain, or composite resin to repair and restore the function, form, and aesthetics of a damaged or decayed tooth. Unlike temporary restorations, which are meant to be replaced with a permanent solution, permanent restorations are designed to last for many years, if not a lifetime.

Examples of permanent dental restorations include:

1. Dental fillings: These are used to fill cavities caused by tooth decay. The decayed portion of the tooth is removed, and the resulting space is filled with a material such as amalgam, composite resin, or gold.
2. Inlays and onlays: These are similar to dental fillings but are made in a laboratory and then bonded to the tooth. They are used when there is not enough tooth structure left to support a filling.
3. Dental crowns: Also known as caps, these are used to cover and protect a tooth that has been damaged or weakened by decay, injury, or wear. The crown fits over the entire tooth, restoring its shape, size, and strength.
4. Dental bridges: These are used to replace one or more missing teeth. A bridge consists of one or more artificial teeth (pontics) that are held in place by crowns on either side.
5. Dental implants: These are used to replace missing teeth. An implant is a small titanium post that is surgically placed in the jawbone, where it functions as an anchor for a replacement tooth or bridge.

Permanent dental restorations are custom-made for each patient and require careful planning and preparation. They are designed to blend in with the surrounding teeth and provide a natural-looking appearance. With proper care and maintenance, these restorations can last for many years and help preserve the health and function of the teeth and mouth.

Dental care for the elderly, also known as geriatric dentistry, refers to the dental care services provided to meet the specific needs and challenges of older adults. As people age, they may experience various oral health issues such as:

* Dry mouth due to medication side effects or medical conditions
* Gum disease and periodontitis
* Tooth loss and decay
* Oral cancer
* Uneven jawbone or ill-fitting dentures

Dental care for the aged may include routine dental exams, cleanings, fillings, extractions, denture fittings, oral surgery, and education on proper oral hygiene. It is important for elderly individuals to maintain good oral health as it can impact their overall health and quality of life. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices can help prevent or manage these common oral health problems in the elderly.

Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that accumulates on the surface of the teeth, restorative materials, and prosthetic devices such as dentures. It is initiated when bacterial colonizers attach to the smooth surfaces of teeth through van der Waals forces and specific molecular adhesion mechanisms.

The microorganisms within the dental plaque produce extracellular polysaccharides that help to stabilize and strengthen the biofilm, making it resistant to removal by simple brushing or rinsing. Over time, if not regularly removed through oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, dental plaque can mineralize and harden into tartar or calculus.

The bacteria in dental plaque can cause tooth decay (dental caries) by metabolizing sugars and producing acid that demineralizes the tooth enamel. Additionally, certain types of bacteria in dental plaque can cause periodontal disease, an inflammation of the gums that can lead to tissue damage and bone loss around the teeth. Regular professional dental cleanings and good oral hygiene practices are essential for preventing the buildup of dental plaque and maintaining good oral health.

Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth and teeth clean to prevent dental issues such as cavities, gum disease, bad breath, and other oral health problems. It involves regular brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash to remove plaque and food particles that can lead to tooth decay and gum disease. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are also an essential part of maintaining good oral hygiene. Poor oral hygiene can lead to a range of health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory infections, so it is important to prioritize oral health as part of overall health and wellbeing.

Proanthocyanidins are a type of polyphenolic compound that are found in various plants, including fruits, vegetables, and bark. They are also known as condensed tannins or oligomeric procyanidins (OPCs). These compounds are characterized by their ability to form complex structures through the linkage of flavan-3-ol units.

Proanthocyanidins have been studied for their potential health benefits, which may include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective effects. They have also been shown to have a positive impact on collagen stability, which may contribute to their potential role in promoting skin and joint health.

Foods that are rich in proanthocyanidins include grapes (and red wine), berries, apples, cocoa, and green tea. These compounds can be difficult for the body to absorb, but supplements containing standardized extracts of proanthocyanidins are also available.

It's important to note that while proanthocyanidins have shown promise in laboratory and animal studies, more research is needed to fully understand their potential health benefits and safety profile in humans. As with any supplement, it's always a good idea to talk to your healthcare provider before starting to take proanthocyanidins.

Thymol is not a medical condition or term, but rather it's an organic compound that is commonly used in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. Thymol is a natural monoterpene phenol derivative of cymene, found in oil of thyme and other essential oils. It has antiseptic, antibiotic, and antifungal properties, which makes it useful as a disinfectant and preservative in various medical and dental applications.

In some contexts, thymol may be used to treat conditions related to fungal or bacterial infections, but it is not typically used as a standalone treatment. Instead, it's often combined with other active ingredients in medications such as mouthwashes, throat lozenges, and topical creams.

It's important to note that thymol should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as its misuse or overuse can lead to adverse effects.

Xerostomia is a medical term that describes the subjective feeling of dryness in the mouth due to decreased or absent saliva flow. It's also commonly referred to as "dry mouth." This condition can result from various factors, including medications, dehydration, radiation therapy, Sjögren's syndrome, and other medical disorders. Prolonged xerostomia may lead to oral health issues such as dental caries, oral candidiasis, and difficulty with speaking, chewing, and swallowing.

Tooth loss is the condition or process characterized by the disappearance or absence of one or more teeth from their normal position in the dental arch. This can occur due to various reasons such as tooth decay, periodontal disease (gum disease), injury, or aging. The consequences of tooth loss include difficulties in chewing, speaking, and adversely affecting the aesthetics of a person's smile, which may lead to psychological impacts. Additionally, it can cause shifting of adjacent teeth, bone resorption, and changes in the bite, potentially leading to further dental issues if not treated promptly.

Chlorhexidine is an antimicrobial agent used for its broad-spectrum germicidal properties. It is effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is commonly used as a surgical scrub, hand sanitizer, and healthcare disinfectant. Chlorhexidine is available in various forms, including solutions, gels, and sprays. It works by disrupting the microbial cell membrane, leading to the death of the organism. It is also used in mouthwashes and skin cleansers for its antimicrobial effects.

Hypoalbuminemia is a medical condition characterized by having lower than normal levels of albumin in the blood. Albumin is a type of protein produced by the liver, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining oncotic pressure (the force that keeps fluid inside blood vessels) and transporting various substances throughout the body.

A serum albumin level below 3.5 g/dL (grams per deciliter) is generally considered hypoalbuminemia, although some laboratories may define it as a level below 3.4 g/dL or even lower. This condition can be caused by various factors, including liver disease, malnutrition, kidney disease, inflammation, and protein-losing enteropathy (a disorder that causes excessive loss of protein in the gastrointestinal tract).

Hypoalbuminemia is often associated with poorer clinical outcomes in several medical conditions, such as increased risk of infection, longer hospital stays, and higher mortality rates. It's essential to identify and address the underlying cause of hypoalbuminemia for appropriate treatment and improved patient outcomes.

Protecting Against Root Caries siteground March 7, 20111 Mins read804 Views ... access to care ADA bacteria caries cavities Children communication continuing education coronavirus COVID-19 Dental dental ... that the combination of APF gel application and daily regular use of FD may provide additional protection against root caries ... Since dentin is more susceptible to caries than enamel, dentin demineralization may be influenced more by application of ...

https://www.dentistrytoday.com/protecting-against-root-caries/

Radiographs are also helpful in determining the extent of root caries. ... Root caries should be assessed with clinical and radiographic examinations. ... ROOT CARIES PREVENTION. Caries risk assessment is integral to preventing root caries. A comprehensive examination that utilizes ... and restoring root caries should be provided on an individual basis. A comprehensive assessment of root caries etiology and ...

https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/article/root-caries-prevention-and-treatment/

For that reason, periodontal therapy always should include a strong caries-prevention program. ... The incidence of root caries following periodontal therapy is alarmingly high. ... The rate of root caries in adults is reported to be 43 percent to 63 percent. Identified risk factors for root caries include: ... The average age of the group was 55 years, and the average root-caries index was 8 percent. The average number of root-caries ...

https://www.rdhmag.com/pathology/periodontitis/article/16404645/rootcaries-risk-after-periodontal-therapy

Ozone can be Considered as an alternative management strategy for root caries ... Management of Root Caries Using Ozone By A. Baysan - ... MANAGEMENT OF ROOT CARIES USING OZONE. A. Baysan - Division of ... Caries , Dental New Archive , Dental News June 2004 , Ozone , Roots , Teeth Management , Tooth ... Management of Root Caries Using Ozone. Share svg{fill:#ffffff}. Tweet Pinit Email ...

https://www.dentalnews.com/2017/07/10/management-root-caries-using-ozone/

The eventual outcome of dental caries is determined by the dynamic balance between pathological factors that lead to ... secondary caries, early childhood caries, and root caries. Other subdivisions may also ... are smooth-surface caries, pit and fissure caries, enamel caries, dentinal caries, ... smooth surfaces or on occlusal surfaces, root caries, and dentinal. caries. In general, in the mouth, the process takes much ...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8424178_The_Continuum_of_Dental_Caries--Evidence_for_a_Dynamic_Disease_Process

A Predictive Model for Root Caries Incidence. André V. Ritter, John S. Preisser, Chaitanya P. Puranik, Yunro Chung, James D. ... Dive into the research topics of A Predictive Model for Root Caries Incidence. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/a-predictive-model-for-root-caries-incidence/fingerprints/

Formation of Dental Caries Cheat Sheet from Carmilaa. ... Root Surface Caries:. Seen on cementum and/or dentine when the ... High Caries adults:. -Strep.m-utans prevail over Strep.s-an-guinis. ,Strep.s-an-guinis from caries free indivi-duals showed ... Pit or Fissure Caries. Most caries prone sites: molars, premolars and lingual surface of maxillary incisors ... Role of Strep.m-utans in Caries:. Cariogenic and initiate caries on smooth tooth surfaces ...

https://cheatography.com/carmilaa/cheat-sheets/formation-of-dental-caries/

Learn everything you need to know about root caries: an epidemic of age by calling Family and Cosmetic Dentistry. ... Root caries lesions can be caused by new or primary root caries, caries around existing dental fillings or recurrent caries, ... Root caries can be a challenge for the dentist to treat depending on the size and the type of root caries lesion, the extent ... more older adults will have more teeth that are susceptible to root caries. Root caries may emerge as one of the most ...

https://www.santarosadentures.net/articles/228/santa-rosa-dentures

Before Step 1 Class V subgingival caries on the mesial lingual root of #18 Prepped Step 2 Root caries prepped and then Greater ... Lingual root caries on molars can be hard to access and keep isolated. ... Root caries prepped and then Greater Curve U-Band placed. The U-Band enhances visibility due to its additional flare ... Lingual root caries on molars can be hard to access and keep isolated. ...

https://www.greatercurve.com/blogs/clinical-tips/lingual-root-class-v-caries-on-18

... and hand searches were performed to identify studies reporting on the use of SDF in elders to prevent and arrest root caries. ... effective in preventing and arresting root caries lesions in (RCLs) elders? Systematic literature searches were conducted of ... review and meta-analysis provides evidence that the application of silver diamine fluoride prevents and arrests root caries in ... Root caries may disconnect the clinical crown from the root, which remains in the dental socket. Unfortunate cases have been ...

https://www.swissdentaljournal.org/fr/magazine/artikel/silver-diamine-fluoride-sdf-in-the-management-of-root-caries-in-elders-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis.html

and easily locate root canal orifices and calcified canals.CompositionMethylene blue dyeFeatures Find Fast is made from special ... Maarc Find Fast - Caries Indicator 15ml Dental Root Canal Material 2 sold in last 8 hours ... and easily locate root canal orifices and calcified canals.. Composition. Methylene blue dye. Features. *Find Fast is made from ... and easily locate root canal orifices and calcified canals.CompositionMethylene blue dyeFeatures Find Fast is made from special ...

https://dentalprod.com/products/maarc-find-fast-caries-indicator

Learn about Surfaces at Risk for Caries from An Update on Demineralization/Remineralization dental CE course & enrich your ... What about root caries?. We know the initial phase of root caries development requires recession of the gingival margin; the ... Phase II of root caries is similar to that of coronal caries; the process typically begins apical to the cemento-enamel ... With respect to root caries, Leake24 completed a review of published data using an evidence-based approach. This review ...

https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/ce-courses/ce73/surfaces-at-risk-for-caries

The highest prevalence of tooth root caries was revealed in the older age groups making 9.88% in elderly age and 7.4% in old ... In people of the 2nd mature age, elderly and old age the caries of the tooth root was associated with poor oral hygiene, ... The incidence of tooth root caries, the morphology of hard dental tissues and the clinical course of the pathology were studied ... In young, 1st and 2nd mature age the tooth root caries was diagnosed relatively rare (in 0.26, 1.35 and 5.02% of cases, ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/odontologia/resource/pt/mdl-31513147

Carrilho, M. Rocha de Olivera (2017). Root Caries: From Prevalence to Therapy. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN ... "Molecular Analysis of Microbial Diversity in Advanced Caries". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (2): 843-849. doi:10.1128/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoramibacter

Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in ... Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in ... Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in ... Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in ...

https://hspop.uw.edu/publication/correlates-of-root-caries-experience-in-middle-aged-and-older-adults-in-the-northwest-practice-based-research-collaborative-in-evidence-based-dentistry-research-network/

Dive into the research topics of In vitro detection and quantification of enamel and root caries using infrared photothermal ... title = "In vitro detection and quantification of enamel and root caries using infrared photothermal radiometry and modulated ... T1 - In vitro detection and quantification of enamel and root caries using infrared photothermal radiometry and modulated ... Each sample was examined with PTR/LUM on the root and enamel before and after treatment at times from 1 to 10 (5 on root) days ...

https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/in-vitro-detection-and-quantification-of-enamel-and-root-caries-u

The incidence of root surface caries increases with age.45 Although bitewing radiographs can assist in detecting root surface ... The categories, "Clinical Caries or Increased Risk for Caries" and "No Clinical Caries and No Increased Risk for Caries" are ... clinical caries or increased risk for caries; no clinical caries or no increased risk for caries; periodontal disease or a ... Root caries risk indicators: a systematic review of risk models. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010;38(5):383-97. ...

https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/medical-x-ray-imaging/selection-patients-dental-radiographic-examinations

D. Root Caries Index Explanation. The Root Caries Index would be the most appropriate index to use for a group of elderly ... which does not include the roots of teeth. Root caries are a form of tooth decay that occur on the roots of teeth, typically in ... Root caries refers to decay that occurs on the roots of teeth, which is more common in older individuals who may have receding ... Root caries cannot fall under the Decayed portion of the DMFT index because the DMFT index specifically refers to decay in the ...

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=oral-epidemiology

Coronal and root caries in the dentition of adults in the United States, 1988-1991. J Dent Res 1996;75(Spec No):642-51. ... Griffin S, Griffin P, Swann J, Zlobin N. Estimating rates of new root caries in older adults. J Dent Res 2004;83(8):634-8. ... Brunelle J, Carlos J. Recent trends in dental caries in U.S. children and the effect of water fluoridation. J Dent Res 1990;69: ... Eklund S, Ismail A, Burt B, Calderone J. High-fluoride drinking water, fluorosis, and dental caries in adults. J Am Dent Assoc ...

http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2005/nov/05_0082.htm

Categories: Root Caries Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 5 ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Root+Caries&parentid=7864&catid=31460

... root caries; and recurrent decay around existing restorations. They also face challenges unrelated to oral health, such as ... Some options include frequent silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatments for caries arrest and preventive applications, offering ...

https://www.dentistryiq.com/dental-hygiene/clinical-hygiene/article/14300874/the-aging-population-and-oral-disease-prevention-are-dental-hygienists-ready

Root surface caries are also commonly observed in geriatric patients with gingival recession [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18] ... Prevention-centered caries management strategies during critical periods in early childhood. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2011 Oct. 39( ... New directions in the etiology of dental caries disease. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2011 Oct. 39(10):716-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Detection activity assessment and diagnosis of dental caries lesions. Dent Clin North Am. 2010 Jul. 54(3):479-93. [QxMD MEDLINE ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1080850-overview

Root caries. These typically affect older adults whose gums have started to recede. In this case, the best prevention is ... 4. What part of the tooth is damaged by dental caries? Three areas are particularly susceptible to damage from dental caries. ... 7. What happens when dental caries are left untreated? Untreated dental caries can impact both quality of life and overall body ... 1. Who is at risk of developing dental caries? If you have teeth, youre at risk of developing dental caries. ...

https://www.sunstargum.com/gb-en/oral-health/what-causes-dental-caries-and-how-can-i-prevent-them.html

Root caries lesions can be caused by new or primary root caries, caries around existing dental fillings or recurrent caries, ... Root caries can be a challenge for the dentist to treat depending on the size and the type of root caries lesion, the extent ... more older adults will have more teeth that are susceptible to root caries. Root caries may emerge as one of the most ... and abrasion or erosion of the root surfaces. Root caries progress quickly due to the relatively soft nature of the root ...

http://www.1stdentist.com/cities/us/ca/anaheim/dental-health

Visit Colgate SG now and learn more about dental caries. ... Dental caries has its own set of contributing factors that ... Varnishes should be a part of every dentists regimen to prevent decay in those individuals at risk for root caries. This will ... Using this information, populations at risk for caries can be identified.. Prevalence of Dental Caries. Prevalence is the ... The programme includes oral health education about the aetiology of dental caries, caries progression and prevention, and ...

https://www.colgate.com/en-sg/oral-health/cavities/dental-caries

Caries and root canal treatment and restorative dentistry. *Treatment of caries in primary teeth ...

https://www.dentalfantasy.ru/en/

Silver diamine fluoride and education to prevent and arrest root caries among community-dwelling elders. Caries Res 2013;47(4): ... Randomized clinical trial on arresting dental root caries through silver diammine fluoride applications in community-dwelling ... SDF has been shown to lower caries risk of the adjacent tooth surface.14 SDF has also shown efficacy in management of root ... fluoride is a safe and effective agent that can prevent and control dental caries.2, 3 The process of caries is multifactorial ...

https://www.ada.org/en/resources/research/science-and-research-institute/oral-health-topics/fluoride-topical-and-systemic-supplements

Relationship of diet to root caries. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Feb. 61(2):423S-429S. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Malnutrition and dental caries: a review of the literature. Caries Res. 2005 Nov-Dec. 39(6):441-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Foods and dietary habits that should be recommended because of their minimal risk of caries potential or their caries risk ... Diet, Caries, and Dental Erosion. Many years of research have established that dietary factors are directly related to dental ...

https://reference.medscape.com/article/2066208-overview

6 A study of 227 older adults who had at least five exposed root surfaces found the group that received an annual application of silver diamine fluoride and oral health education every 6 months experienced the greatest reduction in new root caries lesions and more effective arrest of existing root caries compared with controls. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
Remineralization can be helpful in managing root caries surface lesions. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
The average number of root-caries lesions per patients was 4.3 lesions. (rdhmag.com)
However, the number of root-surface lesions per patient ranged from 0 to 19. (rdhmag.com)
Surprisingly, the number of coronal lesions a patient had did not correlate with his or her root-caries level. (rdhmag.com)
If the microbial balance changes, reducing periodontal pathogens and increasing the bacteria responsible for decay, the number of root-caries lesions naturally would increase. (rdhmag.com)
Despite the use of a fluoride toothpaste, a total of 15 new carious lesions developed during the eight-month test period, plus 11 areas of secondary caries around existing fillings. (rdhmag.com)
2000) reported that ozone application for either 10 or 20 s was effective to kill the great majority of micro- organisms in primary root carious lesions (PRCLs) in vitro and this application for a period of 10 s was also capable of reducing the numbers of Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus in vitro. (dentalnews.com)
Root caries in the middle severity category (leathery lesions with severity index 2) according to the perceived treatment needs (Beighton et al. (dentalnews.com)
Root caries lesions can be caused by new or primary root caries, caries around existing dental fillings or recurrent caries, and abrasion or erosion of the root surfaces. (santarosadentures.net)
Many root lesions have limited accessibility and visibility, are often more complicated by pre-existing extensive dental work, and are difficult to isolate from oral fluids during the restoration process. (santarosadentures.net)
Also, many people who have widespread root lesions have limited tolerance for dental treatment because of medical conditions, illness, and mental health problems. (santarosadentures.net)
This systematic review was undertaken to address the PICO question: Is silver diamine fluoride (SDF) effective in preventing and arresting root caries lesions in (RCLs) elders? (swissdentaljournal.org)
Caries lesions were assessed on bitewing radiographs at baseline, after 1 year and after 2 years. (nature.com)
Approximal non-cavitated caries lesions are difficult to detect directly by visual examination, due to the contact area. (nature.com)
Initial, non-cavitated lesions as well as caries restricted to the enamel (not involving the dentin) can be arrested or even remineralized by applying therapeutic agents 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
Artificially created demineralized and remineralized carious lesions on the root and enamel of human teeth were examined by photothermal radiometry (PTR) and modulated luminescence (LUM). (uthscsa.edu)
Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) is a bioactive glass material that alleviates dentin hypersensitivity and is postulated to confer remineralization of caries lesions. (karger.com)
In conclusion, CSPS does not negatively impact nor does it improve the ability of an SMFP dentifrice to affect remineralization of caries lesions. (karger.com)
Microbiology of active and inactive caries lesions as inferred by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. (au.dk)

The eventual outcome of dental caries is determined by the dynamic balance between pathological factors that lead to demineralization and protective factors that lead to remineralization. (researchgate.net)
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of three methods of enamel remineralization on initial approximal caries: (1) a nano-hydroxyapatite gel, (2) gaseous ozone therapy, (3) combination of a nano-hydroxyapatite gel and ozone. (nature.com)
Although it is interesting to look at demineralization and remineralization as independent processes, current approaches to caries are generally focused on the entire caries process, rather than individual pieces of the process. (dentalcare.com)
21-23 have provided a three-part series on the biological factors in the caries process with respect to demineralization and remineralization and also emphasize the role of low levels of fluoride on a daily basis. (dentalcare.com)
in fact it has been documented the root surface can remineralize to a higher mineral percent than it was initially (One study: 67% more remineralization vs. placebo). (dentalcare.com)
Each sample was examined with PTR/LUM on the root and enamel before and after treatment at times from 1 to 10 (5 on root) days of demineralization and 2 to 10 days of remineralization. (uthscsa.edu)
His research over the past 34 years has covered several aspects of cariology (study of tooth decay) including fluoride mechanisms of action, caries risk assessment, de- and remineralization of the teeth, apatite chemistry, salivary dysfunction, caries (tooth decay) prevention, and laser effects on dental hard tissues with emphasis on caries prevention and early caries removal. (ucsf.edu)

secondary caries, early childhood caries, and root caries. (researchgate.net)
Even in a country like Singapore with 100 per cent fluoridation, 40 per cent of children in Singapore under six years old were found to have early childhood caries (ECC) in a study conducted in 2009, with 90 per cent of those caries untreated. (colgate.com)

Dental caries covers the continuum from the first atomic level of demineralization, through the initial enamel or root lesion, through dentinal involvement, to eventual cavitation. (researchgate.net)
Root caries can be a challenge for the dentist to treat depending on the size and the type of root caries lesion, the extent and rate of caries activity for that person, the physical and mental condition of the individual, and where the root caries are located in the mouth. (santarosadentures.net)
Another approach is to apply antibacterial agents in order to reduce the level of bacterial species associated to caries and thus to protect the lesion from microorganisms. (nature.com)
Fourteen extracted human teeth were used and a lesion was created on a 1mm×4mm rectangular window, spanning root to enamel, using a lactic acid-based acidified gel to demineralize the tooth surface. (uthscsa.edu)
Caries lesion transition patterns of schoolchildren in a fluoridated community in Brazil. (au.dk)
Rampant caries is a lesion of acute onset involving many or all of the erupted teeth, rapidly destroying corona! (srdentalzone.com)
Root lesion progression and mineral loss are 2.5 times greater for root surfaces than for enamel (without ﬂuoride therapy). (srdentalzone.com)

Saliva offers buffering capabilities that protect the teeth from acid challenges, especially on exposed root surfaces. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
With the significant increase in the older portion of society, with even greater increases expected, more older adults will have more teeth that are susceptible to root caries. (santarosadentures.net)
The 1998 UK Dental Health Survey showed that almost 25% of the older adults had 12 or more teeth with a root surface that was either exposed, worn, filled or decayed. (swissdentaljournal.org)
In addition to caries, 15 percent of Americans have severe periodontal destruction and 11 percent have lost all their teeth. (cdc.gov)
In people of the 2nd mature age, elderly and old age the caries of the tooth root was associated with poor oral hygiene , gingival recession due to periodontal disease , as well as in teeth supporting fixed or removable dentures . (bvsalud.org)
In the DMF caries index for teeth and tooth surfaces, are 3rd molars included if they are decayed, missing, or filled? (proprofs.com)
The DMF caries index is a method used to measure dental caries (decay), missing teeth, and filled teeth. (proprofs.com)
Root caries refers to decay that occurs on the roots of teeth, which is more common in older individuals who may have receding gums and exposed tooth roots. (proprofs.com)
Dental caries, therefore, is a destructive disease of the teeth. (sunstargum.com)
If you have teeth, you're at risk of developing dental caries. (sunstargum.com)
Cleaning between teeth can reduce your risk of developing interdental caries. (sunstargum.com)
Milk teeth and permanent teeth can be affected by interdental and pit/fissure caries. (sunstargum.com)
Nevertheless, there are genes that may be involved in things like the mineralization of your teeth and enamel formation, or the composition of your saliva, which are all contributing factors to an increased risk of developing dental caries. (sunstargum.com)
Untreated dental caries can impact both quality of life and overall body health , as it can lead to cascading issues such as tooth extraction, tooth loss, difficulty chewing due to missing teeth, prosthetic complications, and more. (sunstargum.com)
The outer portion of the jaw bone has been cut away exposing the roots of the teeth, their nerves and blood vessels. (cpr-savers.com)
Contains unique formula to fight cavities on teeth and exposed roots. (watsons.com.sg)
Caries is a progressive destruction of any kind of bone structure, including the skull , ribs , teeth and other bones. (wikidoc.org)
This also involves fluoride application for the protection of teeth and the prevention of dental caries. (srdentalzone.com)
Caries stabilization and provisional restorations should be placed in symptom-free teeth with established dentinal caries to minimize the risk of pulpal exposure in the future and to improve function. (srdentalzone.com)
Fluoride Therapy is the delivery of ﬂuoride to the teeth topically or systemically to prevent tooth decay (dental caries) which results in cavities. (srdentalzone.com)
As the gums pull away from the teeth (typically due to periodontaΩl disease), the roots accumulate bacteria. (springtimefamilydentalcare.com)
This is because roots are less protected than teeth since they do not have enamel. (springtimefamilydentalcare.com)
Similar study was also conducted and compared hand, magnetostrictive, and piezoelectric instruments for removing dental calculus on human teeth (n=30) through the reading of root roughness (rugosimeter) and SEM. (bvsalud.org)
In relation to the effects of the instrumentation by curettes, piezoelectric instrument, curettes + piezoelectric instrument, laser, curettes + laser on the alteration of the root morphology and adhesion of the blood components in freshly extracted human teeth demonstrated that the group instrumented by curettes showed the greatest superficial smoothness. (bvsalud.org)

The researchers thought that those with a history of coronal caries may be the ones most likely to experience root caries, so they looked for a correlation. (rdhmag.com)
The average number of coronal caries/fillings was 42, with the actual number ranging from 9 to 83. (rdhmag.com)
2016). Dental caries in particular remains a problem for this age group with a high prevalence of coronal and root surface caries found amongst old-age populations (DAMATA ET AL. (swissdentaljournal.org)
Coronal Caries Assessment. (cdc.gov)
Demineralization of root surfaces can occur at a higher pH than coronal caries. (srdentalzone.com)
Fortunately, root surfaces have an even greater afﬁnity for topical ﬂuoride uptake than coronal enamel, probably due to relative porosity. (srdentalzone.com)

Silver diamine fluoride, which has just recently become available in the US, is particularly effective against root caries because it arrests or significantly slows the demineralization of dentin. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that the application of silver diamine fluoride prevents and arrests root caries in elders. (swissdentaljournal.org)
2012). One non-invasive medicament which has gathered interest in caries prevention and management in children and older adults is silver diamine fluoride (SDF). (swissdentaljournal.org)
Some options include frequent silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatments for caries arrest and preventive applications, offering fluoride varnish, suggesting 5000 ppm toothpaste use twice a day, and dry mouth relief recommendations that offer a neutral pH. (dentistryiq.com)
Topical Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Preventing and Arresting Root Caries in Elderly Patients. (iasj.net)

The incidence of root caries following periodontal therapy is alarmingly high. (rdhmag.com)
Root caries progress quickly due to the relatively soft nature of the root surface, as well as the risk factors associated with the incidence of root caries. (santarosadentures.net)

There are three primary types of cavities, or caries: pit-and-fissure caries, smooth-surface caries, and root caries. (howstuffworks.com)

Individuals with gingival recession are at increased risk of root caries as recession exposes the root surfaces to the oral environment. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
The total number of decayed or filled root surfaces is divided by the total number of exposed root surfaces. (rdhmag.com)
For example: six decayed or filled root surfaces are divided by 60 total, exposed root surfaces. (rdhmag.com)
In this study, the number of exposed root surfaces ranged from 10 to 119, with an average of 65 per patient. (rdhmag.com)
Recession associated with periodontal therapy exposes more root surfaces. (rdhmag.com)
A recent study conducted by the National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) showed that over half of older adults have decayed or filled root surfaces. (santarosadentures.net)
The 2009 Survey reported that 73% of all adults had exposed root surfaces and this increased to 90% for those aged over 55 years. (swissdentaljournal.org)
Topic fluoride varnish was applied in all tooth surfaces for children with high caries risk. (colgate.com)
Although root scaling is the treatment most used, many studies verified that the complete removal of the dental calculus, plaque, and altered cementum from all root surface is not even reached 5,13 , mainly in anatomic areas, as the proximal surfaces of the roots and furcal areas that demanding high skills 12,14 . (bvsalud.org)

Since dentin is more susceptible to caries than enamel, dentin demineralization may be influenced more by application of additional fluoride. (dentistrytoday.com)
Due to its lower mineral content, the root surface has a higher demineralization potential relative to the enamel surface. (dentalcare.com)
It is vital to catch dental caries in the very earliest stages of damage to tooth enamel before it penetrates beyond the enamel and into the tooth. (sunstargum.com)

It is unlikely that one or multiple genes play a direct, causal role in the development of caries. (sunstargum.com)

The purpose of the NHANES oral health component is to assess the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, edentulism, sealants, fluorosis, traumatic injury, and temporomandibular joint and other facial pain in a national sample. (cdc.gov)
But there are other factors that play a significant role in the prevalence of dental caries and that either cannot be changed or resist change: age, sex, race, ethnicity, genetic predisposition and especially economic status and access to dental care. (colgate.com)

Note the additional distal surface caries that is visible upon preparation. (dentalcare.com)

Dental caries is the medical term for what is more commonly known as tooth decay or dental cavities. (sunstargum.com)
Varnishes should be a part of every dentist's regimen to prevent decay in those individuals at risk for root caries. (colgate.com)
The type of treatment instituted for patients with rampant caries depends on the patient's and parents' motivation toward dental treatment, the extent of the decay, and the age and cooperation of the child. (srdentalzone.com)
Common conditions that affect seniors include dry mouth, oral cancer, root decay, and gum diseases. (springtimefamilydentalcare.com)
Tooth root caries and decay are caused by exposure of the roots to decay-causing acids. (springtimefamilydentalcare.com)
Older individuals have a higher risk of developing gum disease, which also makes them more prone to root decay. (springtimefamilydentalcare.com)

This solution, Videa Caries Assist, is designed to use AI to detect caries and boost the accuracy of treatment recommendations. (giiresearch.com)

4 As such, clinicians need to provide this patient population with education on the prevention and treatment of root caries. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
Oral health professionals should provide guidance on dietary risk factors and education on effective oral hygiene strategies, including the use of chemotherapeutics, to aid in root caries prevention. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
Evidence supporting the role of chlorhexidine in caries prevention is mixed, but for frail patients who need help performing oral hygiene, chlorhexidine mouthrinse or the application of a chlorhexidine-thymol varnish may aid in reducing root caries risk. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
For that reason, periodontal therapy always should include a strong caries-prevention program. (rdhmag.com)
Based on what we know today, a strong caries-prevention program should be a part of periodontal therapy. (rdhmag.com)
The programme includes oral health education about the aetiology of dental caries, caries progression and prevention, and parental oral health. (colgate.com)

Caries is a complex biological process which involves an infectious agent (acid-forming bacteria), the host or patient, and the diet (fermentable carbohydrates). (dentalcare.com)
A variety of mouthrinse ingredients are effective against caries-causing bacteria. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
These pockets contain the bacteria that cause gingivitis and root caries. (msdmanuals.com)

In the first adulthood the caries of the tooth root occurred against the background of gum recession in chronic generalized periodontitis especially diabetes patients . (bvsalud.org)

It is obvious that some people just aren`t susceptible to root caries, while others suffer greatly. (rdhmag.com)
Three areas are particularly susceptible to damage from dental caries. (sunstargum.com)

The high prevalence of xerostomia among older adults also raises the risk of root caries in this population. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
The rate of root caries in adults is reported to be 43 percent to 63 percent. (rdhmag.com)
Root caries may emerge as one of the most significant dental problems among older adults during the next decade. (santarosadentures.net)
One or more of these risk factors or life changes, which are more common among older adults, can increase root caries in an individual who has not had dental caries for many years. (santarosadentures.net)
2011). Whilst increasing tooth retention is seen as a leap forward in the oral health of the older population it also brings with it the challenges of managing chronic dental diseases including caries and periodontal disease especially in dependent/institutionalised older adults (BUDTZ-JØGENSEN ET AL. (swissdentaljournal.org)
2011). The 2009 UK Adult Dental Health Survey reported that 27% of adults aged 65-74 years had evidence of dental caries whilst this figure increased to 40% for those aged 75-84 years (FULLER ET AL. (swissdentaljournal.org)
In addition, 94 percent of adults in the United States have experienced caries. (cdc.gov)
Correlates of root caries experience in middle-aged and older adults in the Northwest Practice-based REsearch Collaborative in Evidence-based DENTistry research network. (uw.edu)
Caries also occurs in adults, and its incidence appears to increase with age. (medscape.com)
Self-topical neutral fluoride toothpaste containing 1.1% (w/w) sodium fluoride for use as a dental caries preventive in adults and pediatric patients. (colgateprofessional.com)

He has won numerous national and international awards, including the International Association for Dental Research distinguished scientist award for research in dental caries (2000), the Zsolnai Prize from the European Caries Research Organization (2002) for his lifelong contributions to caries research, the "Ericsson Prize in Preventive Dentistry" by the Swedish Patent Fund (2002) and the Norton Ross Award for excellence in clinical research from the American Dental Association (2007). (ucsf.edu)

6 For patients at elevated risk of root caries, the in-office application of fluoride varnish four times annually as well as the use of prescription fluoride products (containing 5,000 ppm) may be helpful. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
Awareness, access to care, early intervention and fluoride varnish care will reduce the incidence of new caries. (colgate.com)

An area measuring 3 x 3 mm2 was marked on the distal surface of the root to guide the Reading of the root topography on SEM and rugosimeter. (bvsalud.org)

A comprehensive examination that utilizes the caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) approach to older patients is an appropriate first step. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
He is currently active in implementing caries management by risk assessment in several dental schools across the nation. (ucsf.edu)

Morphological changes in the tooth root cement that predispose to the development of a carious process were determined. (bvsalud.org)
In a recent study, subjects with active, rampant dental caries were deﬁned as those who had ﬁve or more new carious sur- faces per year. (srdentalzone.com)

Analysis of the data suggests that the combination of APF gel application and daily regular use of FD may provide additional protection against root caries compared with the dentifrice alone. (dentistrytoday.com)
For patients who are unable to access professional dental care, a literature review suggests that daily self-application of a 250 ppm amorphous calcium phosphate paste and daily use of a 1,110 ppm sodium fluoride dentifrice with triclosan may help reduce caries risk. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)

Individuals with xerostomia or salivary gland hypofunction may experience an increased risk of oral infections and dental caries. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)

The Electrical Caries Monitor III (ECM III) has also been shown to correlate with PRCLs severity (Baysan et al. (dentalnews.com)

Caries Res (2017) 51 (2): 170-178. (karger.com)

Identified risk factors for root caries include: high salivary levels of streptococcus mutants and lactobacilli, reduced salivary flow and buffering capacity, smoking, and poor oral hygiene. (rdhmag.com)

1993) have previously validated a root caries severity index and clinical diagnostic criteria for PRCLs. (dentalnews.com)
Prevalence, clinical and morphological features of tooth root caries in the adult human]. (bvsalud.org)
The incidence of tooth root caries, the morphology of hard dental tissues and the clinical course of the pathology were studied in 4701 (2526 men and 2175 women ) residents of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region aged 18 to 88 years, which were divided into age groups according to age periodization of Institute of Age Physiology RAS . (bvsalud.org)
After the initial clinical periodontal examination and preparation of the patients, they will be divided into two groups: Group 1: Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) + low level laser teraphy (LLLT) - 15 patients will undergo root coverage surgery with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG), where this graft will be removed from the palate region and this donor area will receive platelet rich fibrin (PRF) membranes to help heal the area. (who.int)

Therefore, for early detection and monitoring of approximal caries, clinicians not only perform a visual examination, but also analyse bitewing radiographs for signs of demineralisation 7 . (nature.com)

The study involved 12 adult volunteers who wore palatal appliances containing root dentin slabs. (dentistrytoday.com)
The study found that APF and FD increased fluoride concentration in biofilm fluid and reduced root dentin demineralization, presenting an additive effect. (dentistrytoday.com)

Systematic literature searches were conducted of electronic databases [PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials)] and hand searches were performed to identify studies reporting on the use of SDF in elders to prevent and arrest root caries. (swissdentaljournal.org)
Thus this stage of caries is possible to arrest or reverse by modifying the etiologic factors or applying preventive measures. (nature.com)

Many years of research have established that dietary factors are directly related to dental caries and erosion. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] Evidence also shows that sport drinks may be increasing the incidence of dental erosion, which can precede caries in both child and adult athletes. (medscape.com)

Dental sealants, an effective means of preventing caries, are underutilized in the United States, with only 19 percent of children aged 5-17 having them. (cdc.gov)
Findings indicated a 29.1% median decrease in dental ed in dental offices averaged $306 per capita in Colorado, caries among children aged 4 to 17 years in communities with total annual spending for these services in Colorado with CWFPs. (cdc.gov)

When assessing root caries risk, a patient's medication usage should be reviewed. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)

This index specifically measures the prevalence and severity of root caries, making it a suitable tool for assessing the oral health of elderly patients in a nursing home setting. (proprofs.com)

The frequency of root caries is strongly age-dependent and will continue to be a major dental problem among the elderly. (santarosadentures.net)

Root caries are typically found on the root surface of a tooth, generally at or below the cementoenamel junction. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)

Additionally, in June 2022, dental artificial intelligence (AI) provider VideaHealth received the Medical Device Establishment License (MDEL) from Health Canada for its dental caries detection algorithm. (giiresearch.com)

Following a regular oral hygiene routine will help prevent caries. (sunstargum.com)

Caries risk assessment is integral to preventing root caries. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
5 Thorough biofilm removal is critical to reducing root caries risk. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
Researchers in Holland evaluated 45 periodontal-maintenance patients to determine both the root-caries index and the risk factors for root caries. (rdhmag.com)
the root surface is exposed and at risk for caries. (dentalcare.com)
Most of the patients I see are elderly and at elevated risk for root caries. (dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com)
1. Who is at risk of developing dental caries? (sunstargum.com)
2. What are the risk factors for developing dental caries? (sunstargum.com)
Dental caries are caused by a combination of risk factors, including those named above, that cause imbalance within the oral microbiome. (sunstargum.com)
Using this information, populations at risk for caries can be identified. (colgate.com)
[ 7 ] Dietary habits and the risk of caries in children may also be confounded by maternal educational level. (medscape.com)
Gels and foams are used for individuals who are at high risk for caries, orthodontic patients, patients undergoing head and neck radiation, patients with decreased salivary ﬂow, and children whose permanent molars should, but cannot, be sealed. (srdentalzone.com)

This study emphasizes the need for use of a fluoride toothpaste by all patients to help balance, prevent, and reverse the caries process on a daily basis. (dentalcare.com)
The Root Caries Index would be the most appropriate index to use for a group of elderly patients in a nursing home. (proprofs.com)
With extensive experience in treating root canal patients, Columbus area dentist Dr. David Verzella will provide you with excellent dental care. (1stcosmeticdentist.com)
However, in patients presenting with acute and severe signs and symptoms of gross caries, pain, abscess, sinus, or facial swelling, immediate treatment is indicated, Formacresol pulpotomy may be performed if the pulp is still vital, but pulpectomy followed by obturation with formalized zinc oxide-eugenol cement is indicated if the pulp is non-vital. (srdentalzone.com)
Adult patients need to receive topical ﬂuoride to effectively manage root caries. (srdentalzone.com)
Group 2: Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) - 15 patients will undergo root coverage surgery with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG), where this graft will be removed from the palate region and this donor area will receive two platelet rich fibrin (PRF) membranes to help heal the area. (who.int)

A tooth is composed of a crown (ie, the portion exposed to the oral cavity) and 1 or more roots (ie, the portion enveloped in bone and the periodontium). (medscape.com)
A disease which involves caries is mastoiditis , an inflammation of the mastoid process , in which the bone gets eroded. (wikidoc.org)
Apical periodontitis (AP) is a chronic inflammatory process in the bone tissue surrounding the dental root in response to a root canal infection1. (bvsalud.org)
Root canal treatment eliminates or decreases the microbial load at maximum, preventing bone resorption progress and ultimately promoting healing2. (bvsalud.org)

Lingual root caries on molars can be hard to access and keep isolated. (greatercurve.com)

Those with highest public health relevance include dental caries, severe periodontal (gum) disease, complete tooth loss (edentulism), oral cancer, oro-dental trauma, noma and congenital malformations such as cleft lip and palate, most of which are preventable. (who.int)

Prairie Dental Excellence offers extremely durable fillings and root canals. (1stcosmeticdentist.com)

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Dental caries in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44 years. (1/37)

Clinical applications and outcomes of using indicators of risk in caries management. (2/37)

Clinical decision-making for caries management in root surfaces. (3/37)

The diagnosis of root caries. (4/37)

Root caries prevalence in a group of Brazilian adult dental patients. (5/37)

Systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HealOzone for the treatment of occlusal pit/fissure caries and root caries. (6/37)

The effect of antibacterial monomer MDPB on the growth of organisms associated with root caries. (7/37)

Bacterial profiles of root caries in elderly patients. (8/37)

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Dental caries in Quebec adults aged 35 to 44 years. (1/37)

Clinical applications and outcomes of using indicators of risk in caries management. (2/37)

Clinical decision-making for caries management in root surfaces. (3/37)

The diagnosis of root caries. (4/37)

Root caries prevalence in a group of Brazilian adult dental patients. (5/37)

Systematic review of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of HealOzone for the treatment of occlusal pit/fissure caries and root caries. (6/37)

The effect of antibacterial monomer MDPB on the growth of organisms associated with root caries. (7/37)

Bacterial profiles of root caries in elderly patients. (8/37)

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Lesions20

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