Xylem ray parenchyma cells in boreal hardwood species respond to subfreezing temperatures by deep supercooling that is accompanied by incomplete desiccation. (1/67)
It has been accepted that xylem ray parenchyma cells (XRPCs) in hardwood species respond to subfreezing temperatures either by deep supercooling or by extracellular freezing. Present study by cryo-scanning electron microscopy examined the freezing responses of XRPCs in five boreal hardwoods: Salix sachalinensis Fr. Schmit, Populus sieboldii Miq., Betula platyphylla Sukat. var japonica Hara, Betula pubescens Ehrh., and red osier dogwood (Cornus sericea), in which XRPCs have been reported to respond by extracellular freezing. Cryo-scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that slow cooling of xylem to -80 degrees C resulted in intracellular freezing in the majority of XRPCs in S. sachalinensis, an indication that these XRPCs had been deep supercooled. In contrast, in the majority of XRPCs in P. sieboldii, B. platyphylla, B. pubescens, and red osier dogwood, slow cooling to -80 degrees C produced slight cytorrhysis without clear evidence of intracellular freezing, suggesting that these XRPCs might respond by extracellular freezing. In these XRPCs exhibited putative extracellular freezing; however, deep etching revealed the apparent formation of intracellular ice crystals in restricted local areas. To confirm the occurrence of intracellular freezing, we rewarmed these XRPCs after cooling and observed very large intracellular ice crystals as a result of the recrystallization. Thus, the XRPCs in all the boreal hardwoods that we examined responded by deep supercooling that was accompanied with incomplete desiccation. From these results, it seems possible that limitations to the deep-supercooling ability of XRPCs might be a limiting factor for adaptation of hardwoods to cold climates. (+info)Linkage mapping in tetraploid willows: segregation of molecular markers and estimation of linkage phases support an allotetraploid structure for Salix alba x Salix fragilis interspecific hybrids. (2/67)
Salix alba-Salix fragilis complex includes closely related dioecious polyploid species, which are obligate outcrossers. Natural populations of these willows and their hybrids are represented by a mixture of highly heterozygous genotypes sharing a common gene pool. Since nothing is known about their genomic constitution, tetraploidy (2n=4x=76) in willow species makes basic and applied genetic studies difficult. We have used a two-way pseudotestcross strategy and single-dose markers (SDMs) to construct the first linkage maps for both pistillate and staminate willows. A total of 242 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and 50 selective amplifications of microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL) markers, which showed 1:1 segregation in the F(1) mapping populations, were used in linkage analysis. In S. alba, 73 maternal and 48 paternal SDMs were mapped to 19 and 16 linkage groups covering 708 and 339 cM, respectively. In S. fragilis, 13 maternal and 33 paternal SDMs were mapped in six and 14 linkage groups covering 98 and 321 cM, respectively. For most cosegregation groups, a comparable number of markers linked in coupling and repulsion was identified. This finding suggests that most of chromosomes pair preferentially as occurs in allotetraploid species exhibiting disomic inheritance. The detection of 10 pairs of marker alleles from single parents showing codominant inheritance strengthens this hypothesis. The fact that, of the 1122 marker loci identified in the two male and female parents, the vast majority (77.5%) were polymorphic and as few as 22.5% were shared between parental species highlight that S. alba and S. fragilis genotypes are differentiated. The highly difference between S. alba- and S. fragilis-specific markers found in both parental combinations (on average, 65.3 vs 34.7%, respectively) supports the (phylogenetic) hypothesis that S. fragilis is derived from S. alba-like progenitors. (+info)The development of two flanking SCAR markers linked to a sex determination locus in Salix viminalis L. (3/67)
Most studies of sex determination systems in plants involve dioecious annuals that have known sex chromosomes. Despite the absence of such structures in the majority of dioecious plants, gender seems to be under relatively strict genetic control in some species. Genetic markers linked to a female sex-determination locus in Salix viminalis L. have been discovered through bulked segregant analysis of three full-sib families using approximately 1,000 arbitrary primers. Two RAPD markers that were present in the common female parent as well as in predominantly female progeny of these families were subsequently sequenced and converted to sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. The two SCAR markers are correlated with gender in the three full-sib families and are present in 96.4% of the female progeny and 2.2% of the males, providing evidence of linkage to a putative female-specific locus associated with gender determination in S. viminalis. Estimates of recombination suggest that the two markers are flanking a putative sex determination locus, SDL-II, in certain families of S. viminalis. (+info)Merging nitrogen management and renewable energy needs. (4/67)
The ARBRE (ARable Biomass Renewable Energy) project, the first large-scale wood-fueled electricity generating plant in the U.K., represents a significant development in realising British and European policy objectives on renewable energy. The plant is fueled by a mix of wood from short rotation coppice (SRC) and forest residues. Where feasible, composted/conditioned sewage sludge is applied to coppice sites to increase yields and improve soil structure. In the Yorkshire Water region, typical total N:P:K composition of composted/conditioned sludge is 2.9:3.8:0.3, respectively. Sludge application is calculated on the basis of total nitrogen (N) content to achieve 750 kg N ha(-1), for 3 years" requirement. Willow coppice forms a dense, widely spaced, root network, which, with its long growing season, makes it an effective user of nutrients. This, in combination with willow"s use as a nonfood, nonfodder crop, makes it an attractive route for the recycling of sewage sludge in the absence of sea disposal, banned under the EC Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD). Further work is required on the nutritional requirements of SRC in order to understand better the quantities of sludge that can be applied to SRC without having a detrimental impact on the environment. This paper suggests the source of N rerouting under the UWWTD and suggests the likely expansion of SRC as an alternative recycling pathway. (+info)Effects of willow hybridisation and simulated browsing on the development and survival of the leaf beetle Phratora vitellinae. (5/67)
BACKGROUND: Interspecific hybridisation is common between many plant species and causes rapid changes in a variety of plant characters. This may pose problems for herbivores because changes in recognition characters may be poorly correlated with changes in quality characters. Many studies have examined different systems of hybrids and herbivores in attempts to understand the role of hybridisation in the evolution of plant resistance. The results from different systems are variable. Studies of hybrids between Salix caprea (L., Salicaceae) and S. repens show that they are intermediate between the two parental species in most resistance characters. However, a plants herbivore resistance depends also on its biotic and abiotic environment. Important biotic factors that may influence plant growth and plant chemistry include the interactions between different herbivores that occur through their exploitation of common host plants. Although the effects on plants of previous herbivory are likely to be strongly affected by environmental conditions, they are also species-specific. Damage may therefore have different effects on hybrids than on their parental species, and this could influence the performance of herbivores on pure and hybrid species of plants. To evaluate the effects of hybridisation on insect performance, the development and survival rates of Phratora vitellinae (L. 1758, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae on pure S. repens, pure S. caprea and Fl hybrids of the two species was monitored. Further, to examine the effect of herbivorous mammals on the performance of the larvae, plants were damaged to simulate winter foraging by voles or spring leaf stripping by moose. RESULTS: The results show that development rates were highest on S. repens and equally low on S. caprea and the Fl hybrid. In addition, development of the plants treated to simulate mammalian herbivore damage was slower than that of corresponding controls. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this experiment suggest that P. vitellinae has a higher development rate, and thus probably higher performance, on species with high concentrations of phenolic glucosides. Therefore, it would be of adaptive benefit for P. vitellinae females to have an ovipositional preference for S. repens, compared to S. caprea and intermediate preference for Fl hybrids. The faster development observed on S. repens supports the hypothesis that P. vitellinae obtains additional adaptive benefits from phenolic glucosides beyond protection against predators. Therefore, it is important to consider further factors, such as damage caused by other herbivores, when studying this hybrid complex. (+info)The effect of willow leaf extracts on human leukemic cells in vitro. (6/67)
The young developing leaves of willow (Salix safsaf, Salicaceae) trees have antileukemic activity. After a 24-h incubation in vitro, the crude water extracts of the leaves killed a majority of the blasts of acute myeloid leukemia (AML, 73.8%). (+info)Species pattern and genetic diversity of Trichoderma in a mid-European, primeval floodplain-forest. (7/67)
We investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of Trichoderma in the river Danube national park, a primeval, riparian forest area located south-east of Vienna (Austria) which represents one of the last cases of an original European river-floodplain landscape. Forty-six strains were isolated and identified at the species level by analysis of morphological characters, by sequence analysis of their internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (ITS 1 and 2) of the rDNA cluster and--in some cases--a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1alpha (tef1) gene, and RAPD-analysis. Twenty-one strains were positively identified as T. harzianum, thirteen as T. rossicum, four as T. cerinum, two as T. hamatum, and one each as T. atroviride and T. koningii: four strains yielded two different ITS1 and 2 as well as tef1 sequence types, which were not alignable with any known species. Our studies show that they represent two new taxa of Trichoderma. (+info)Genetic mapping of sex-linked markers in Salix viminalis L. (8/67)
A total of 88 selective primer combinations were screened using bulked males and females sampled from four families of Salix viminalis. A total of more than 1000 polymorphic fragments was obtained, of which only four cosegregated with sex. These four sex-linked markers were subsequently scored in individuals that were used for bulked sample preparation in additional individuals of the same families, and in individuals in other families. A pair of primers that amplified the sex-linked fragments was constructed from one of the sex-linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fragments. In hybridization of Southern blot filters with the sex-linked DNA fragments, the band was present in females and absent in males, but the opposite pattern of band segregation (a band found in males and no band in females) was never observed in either the AFLP or RFLP experiments. Two of the sex-linked markers were placed on a linkage map. They both map at the same location in a linkage group comprising other markers not segregating with sex. Our data suggest that a single locus governs the sex determination and that nonrecombining sex chromosomes are absent in S. viminalis. A close association was found between skewed sex ratio and segregation distortion at this locus. (+info)"Salix" is the genus name for a group of plants commonly known as willows. These are deciduous trees and shrubs that belong to the family Salicaceae. While "Salix" is not a medical term itself, certain species of willow have been used in medicine for their medicinal properties.
For instance, the bark of white willow (Salix alba) contains salicin, which has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects similar to aspirin. The use of willow bark extract as a natural pain reliever and fever reducer dates back thousands of years in various traditional medicine systems.
However, it's important to note that the modern medical definition of "salicylate" refers to a group of compounds that includes both naturally occurring substances like salicin found in willow bark and synthetic derivatives such as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). These compounds share similar therapeutic properties and are used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever.
Salix mucronata
Salix gmelinii
Salix uralicola
Salix hastata
Salix purpurea
Salix myricoides
Salix atopantha
Salix vulpina
Salix driophila
Salix nuristanica
Salix amygdaloides
Salix chlorolepis
Salix nipponica
Salix exigua
Salix pedicellaris
Salix ligulifolia
Salix hukaoana
Salix pedicellata
Salix retusa
Salix babylonica
Salix eriostachya
Salix lapponum
Salix dissa
Salix daliensis
Salix lemmonii
Salix excelsa
Salix planifolia
Salix blakii
Salix myrtillifolia
Salix salviifolia
Salix mucronata - Wikipedia
User:Salix - Wikimedia Commons
Salix Announces 2022 Gastrointestinal Health Scholars Program Winners
Salix melanopsis
Furosemide (Salix) | 1800PetMeds
Salix Pharma Shares Fall On Disappointing Outlook, CFO Resignation
Salix decipiens PFAF Plant Database
Salix helvetica Vill.
Salix lemmonii - Wikispecies
European willow (Salix myrsinifolia)
Maine Natural Areas Program Rare Plant Fact Sheet for Salix planifolia
Distribution Release: Salix 14.1 "Xfce" (DistroWatch.com News)
Salix anticipates receipt of FDA's CRL for XIFAXAN 550 mg sNDA
DuPont And Salix Are Big Market Movers | Manufacturing.net
Top 30 HVAC Contractors in Salix, PA | DexKnows.com
Salix cuttings | North American Rock Garden Society
User contributions for Fabius Salix Lucentinus - NovaRoma
Salix Xrubens
Salix sp.
Salix To Present Data At AASLD's The Liver Meeting Digital Experience | BioSpace
crack willow (Salix euxina) · iNaturalist
Salice - Futura Undermount Drawer Slide Drilling Template
Events | Salix Finance
Salix integra 'HAKURO-NISHIKI' - Havlis.cz
Salix cantoniensis Hance - The Plant List
Salix chilensis | International Plant Names Index
Salicaceae3
- A taxonomic study of Salix section Cordatae subsection Luteae (Salicaceae). (berkeley.edu)
- A taxonomic study of Salix section Longifoliae (Salicaceae) Brittonia 50: 193--210. (berkeley.edu)
- A taxonomic study of Salix sections Mexicanae and Viminella subsection Sitchenses (Salicaceae) in North America. (berkeley.edu)
Willow4
- Salix mucronata (commonly called the Cape silver willow or Safsaf willow) is a tall, graceful, Semi-Deciduous willow tree. (wikipedia.org)
- These subspecies include: S. m. hirsuta (silver willow) S. m. mucronata (Safsaf willow) S. m. woodii (flute willow) S. m. capensis (small-leaved willow) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salix mucronata. (wikipedia.org)
- Yezo Dwarf Willow) Salix nakamurana var yezoalpina is a low growing, prostrate species of willow with lovely catkins which can be found growing in the wild on the alpine slopes of Hokkaido, Japan. (bluebellnursery.com)
- Finally we've found the name Salix, which is the Latin name for the willow tree. (linuxexpres.cz)
Pharmaceuticals Ltd2
- Salix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. dropped in the extended session Thursday after the drug and medical device maker forecast a weak fourth quarter and said its financial chief resigned. (foxbusiness.com)
- On April 22, 2014 , Salix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Salix), together with Progenics Pharmaceuticals, announced that the submission to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) of RELISTOR® (methylnaltrexone bromide) Subcutaneous Injection for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain has been accepted for review. (prnewswire.com)
Photographer's identification1
- The photographer's identification Salix lasiolepis has not been reviewed. (berkeley.edu)
SLXP2
- Salix (Nasdaq: SLXP) was trading at $27.50 in afternoon trading on Wednesday, down 75 cents. (wraltechwire.com)
- Shares in North raleigh-based Salix (Nasdaq: SLXP) ose more nearly 5 percent Wednesday on news that the FDA had approved its new drug for the treatment of AIDS-related diarrhea. (wraltechwire.com)
Xfce5
- After a long development period Salix Xfce 14.1 is ready. (distrowatch.com)
- After several rounds of extensive testing, we are proud to announce the release of Salix Live Xfce 15.0. (distrowatch.com)
- The software included in Salix Live Xfce 15.0 closely matches that which comes with our standard installation ISO image, offering Xfce 4.16, Firefox ESR, LibreOffice, our Salix System tools collection along with everything else. (distrowatch.com)
- The distribution has published Salix 15.0 which includes the Xfce 4.16 desktop, much larger package repositories, and Flatpak support. (distrowatch.org)
- I decided to realize this article after reading the text Salix OS - Parádní Slackware s Xfce ( Salix OS - Wonderful Slackware with Xfce ). (linuxexpres.cz)
America1
- Latin America and Thailand are seen as compelling avenues for exploration, projecting a landscape of potential and growth, Salix Fruits said. (fruitnet.com)
Exigua2
- Salix exigua Nutt. (berkeley.edu)
- Salix exigua var. (ipni.org)
Nakamurana5
- Salix nakamurana var. (nargs.org)
- Salix nakamurana var yezoalpina has attractive, long stalked, glossy leaves and large upright catkins in spring. (bluebellnursery.com)
- Salix nakamurana var yezoalpina is an excellent choice for a ground cover plant and is suitable for even the smallest of gardens. (bluebellnursery.com)
- Salix nakamurana var yezoalpina enjoys damp or wet soils. (bluebellnursery.com)
- Salix nakamurana var yezoalpina can be grown successfully in a large pot or container for a number of years. (bluebellnursery.com)
Wikimedia Commons1
- Salix has uploaded 1440 images to Wikimedia Commons . (wikimedia.org)
20221
- LAVAL, QC , July 13, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Bausch Health Companies Inc. (NYSE/TSX: BHC) ("Bausch Health") and its gastroenterology business, Salix Pharmaceuticals, ("Salix"), one of the largest specialty pharmaceutical companies in the world committed to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases and disorders, today announced the winners of its 2022 Salix Gastrointestinal Health Scholars Program. (prnewswire.com)
15.01
- There have been extensive discussions in our forums with respect to how the new release will look and everything has been revamped, including a new GTK theme, a new icon theme, a new window manager theme and a default wallpaper, especially tailored for Salix 15.0. (distrowatch.org)
Nutt3
- Inclusion of Salix sessilifolia Nutt. (berkeley.edu)
- Salix melanopsis Nutt. (berkeley.edu)
- Salix brachycarpa Nutt . (chestofbooks.com)
Synonyms1
- Synonyms include Salix chlorophylla Anderss. (maine.gov)
Vrba1
- Rozd l oproti z kladn mu druhu je tak v znamn , e mnoho botanik se p iklonilo k nov mu pojmenov n salix rosmarinifolia - vrba rozmar nolist , jako by se jednalo o samostatn druh. (havlis.cz)
Plants1
- in TJM (1993) based on misidentification of plants belonging to Salix melanopsis . (berkeley.edu)
Populus1
- In California (and generally outside California), Populus pollinated by wind, Salix by insects, wind. (berkeley.edu)
Deciduous1
- Salix decipiens is a deciduous Tree. (pfaf.org)
California1
- Salix bonplandiana expected in s-most California. (berkeley.edu)
News5
- User:Salix/Begoniaceae news , voir User talk:Magog the Ogre et User:OgreBot/gallery . (wikimedia.org)
- News Read the latest news, blogs and press releases from Salix, covering sustainability, renewable energy, energy efficiency, policy and more. (salixfinance.co.uk)
- Subscribe Receive the latest news from Salix straight to your inbox. (salixfinance.co.uk)
- Good news from the FDA gave a nice boost to shares of Salix stock. (wraltechwire.com)
- The news led to a day-long rally in Salix shares with investors driving prices as high as$42.79. (wraltechwire.com)
Habit1
- This is similar to Salix subopposita but with a wider spread, slightly lower and flatter habit, larger leaves and more upright catkins. (bluebellnursery.com)
Clinical2
- Salix licensed crofelemer from Napo in 2008 and took the compound through phase 3 clinical trials. (wraltechwire.com)
- Napo last year sued Salix, claiming Salix breached the contract by failing to file a new drug application in a timely fashion, even though it had positive phase III clinical trial data in hand for months. (wraltechwire.com)
User1
- Included in this release is also software that is specific to our Live release, featuring the Salix Live Installer, a graphical tool that allows the user to install Salix, from within the live environment to their hard drive. (distrowatch.com)
Content1
- Salix Pharmaceuticals does not possess editorial control over the content of the information provided in such website(s) and therefore does not warrant their accuracy and completeness. (salix.com)
Primary1
- Salix currently markets its product line to U.S. health care providers through an expanded sales force that focuses on gastroenterology, hepatology, pain specialists and primary care. (prnewswire.com)
Fruit1
- Yet, we're still looking at a good volume of high-quality fruit for export markets," said Javier Orti, sales manager for Asia at Salix Fruits. (fruitnet.com)
Undermount2
- Salice is a leader in making undermount slides. (woodcraft.com)
- The Futura Undermount Drawer Slide Drilling Template can be used with the soft-close and push-to-open options.Works with Salice Futura Slides #160780, #160781, #160782, #160783, #160784 and #160785. (woodcraft.com)
Gastrointestinal4
- Salix is pleased to recognize these 10 outstanding Salix Gastrointestinal Health Scholarship awardees who are thriving in their academic journey while living with the challenges of a gastrointestinal condition," said Nicola Kayel , vice president, Marketing, Salix. (prnewswire.com)
- To learn more about the Salix Gastrointestinal Health Scholars Program, visit www.salix.com/scholarship . (prnewswire.com)
- Salix Pharmaceuticals is one of the largest specialty pharmaceutical companies in the world committed to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. (prnewswire.com)
- Salix Pharmaceuticals, which won FDA approval for a gastrointestinal drug on May 26, gets a "strong buy" rating from Roth Capital. (wraltechwire.com)
Chronic2
- For more than 30 years, Salix has licensed, developed and marketed innovative products to improve patients' lives and arm health care providers with life-changing solutions for many chronic and debilitating conditions. (prnewswire.com)
- Salix also stated that with the approval, it anticipates RELISTOR to become immediately available to this newly expanded population of patients in the EU using opioids to control chronic pain. (prnewswire.com)
Database2
Years1
- I had Salix lindleyana for several years. (nargs.org)
Tools1
- Optimised for desktop use, Salix OS features one application per task, custom package repositories, advanced package management with dependency support, localised system administration tools and innovative artwork. (distrowatch.com)
Million1
- Salix says an estimated 50 percent of the 1 million people in the United States living with HIV/AIDS are on antiretroviral therapy. (wraltechwire.com)
Full1
- The Charlotte-based American arm of the Italian parent company, Arturo Salice S.p.A., recently debuted these additions to its full line of offerings. (iwfatlanta.com)
Latest1
- Salix said the latest delay had been primarily about the production and control of crofelemer's active pharmaceutical ingredient, which is the first botanical product to be reviewed by the FDA for oral use. (wraltechwire.com)
Small2
- At Salix, we feel honored to play a small role in these students' pursuit of higher education, and we look forward to seeing the result of their hard work in the near future. (prnewswire.com)
- Likewise, Salix is a small simplified version of the most stable and time-proofed distro out there, namely Slackware, and we are giving it our infinite care. (linuxexpres.cz)
View2
- Events View a selection of upcoming webinars, events, workshops and external events that Salix is attending or supporting. (salixfinance.co.uk)
- Login Enter the Salix Application Portal to view your application history. (salixfinance.co.uk)
Products1
- It exceeds ANSI 156.9-2020 Grade 1," Salice said, "but unlike similar products the price range makes it practical for every drawer in the house and not just the oversized applications. (iwfatlanta.com)
Make3
- It is also possible, from within the live environment, to make a frugal install, a complete Salix installation to a portable USB stick. (distrowatch.com)
- Salix plans to make the drug available early this year. (wraltechwire.com)
- That's why I decided to make an interview with Salix developers. (linuxexpres.cz)
Linux1
- Salix is a Slackware-based Linux distribution that is simple, fast, easy to use and compatible with Slackware Linux. (distrowatch.com)
Business1
- Salix administers funds on behalf of the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (formerly the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), the Welsh and Scottish Governments and the Scottish Funding Council. (salixfinance.co.uk)
Approval2
- Analyst Mark Taylor was reported by BusinessWeek as saying the drug approval was a "transforming event" for Salix. (wraltechwire.com)
- The FDA approval of Fulyza is a significant step forward in addressing the unmet medical need of people with HIV/AIDS on ART who experience non-infectious diarrhea, which often can lead to reduced treatment compliance," said Carolyn Logan, chief executive officer of Salix. (wraltechwire.com)