Bites by snakes. Bite by a venomous snake is characterized by stinging pain at the wound puncture. The venom injected at the site of the bite is capable of producing a deleterious effect on the blood or on the nervous system. (Webster's 3d ed; from Dorland, 27th ed, at snake, venomous)
Antisera used to counteract poisoning by animal VENOMS, especially SNAKE VENOMS.
Limbless REPTILES of the suborder Serpentes.
Solutions or mixtures of toxic and nontoxic substances elaborated by snake (Ophidia) salivary glands for the purpose of killing prey or disabling predators and delivered by grooved or hollow fangs. They usually contain enzymes, toxins, and other factors.
"Bites and stings refer to tissue damage or toxic reactions caused by the teeth, mouthparts, or venomous secretions of animals such as insects, spiders, snakes, and mammals during predatory or defensive attacks."
A family of extremely venomous snakes, comprising coral snakes, cobras, mambas, kraits, and sea snakes. They are widely distributed, being found in the southern United States, South America, Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. The elapids include three subfamilies: Elapinae, Hydrophiinae, and Lauticaudinae. Like the viperids, they have venom fangs in the front part of the upper jaw. The mambas of Africa are the most dangerous of all snakes by virtue of their size, speed, and highly toxic venom. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p329-33)
A genus of poisonous snakes of the subfamily Elapinae of the family ELAPIDAE. They comprise the kraits. Twelve species are recognized and all inhabit southeast Asia. They are considered extremely dangerous. (Moore: Poisonous Snakes of the World, 1980, p120)
A family of snakes comprising three subfamilies: Azemiopinae (the mountain viper, the sole member of this subfamily), Viperinae (true vipers), and Crotalinae (pit vipers). They are widespread throughout the world, being found in the United States, Central and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Their venoms act on the blood (hemotoxic) as compared to the venom of elapids which act on the nervous system (neurotoxic). (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp333-36)
A genus of poisonous snakes of the VIPERIDAE family. About 50 species are known and all are found in tropical America and southern South America. Bothrops atrox is the fer-de-lance and B. jararaca is the jararaca. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p336)
A genus of snakes of the family VIPERIDAE. It is distributed in West Pakistan, most of India, Burma, Ceylon, Thailand, southeast China, Taiwan, and a few islands of Indonesia. It hisses loudly when disturbed and strikes with great force and speed. Very prolific, it gives birth to 20-60 young. This viper is the leading cause of snakebite in India and Burma. (Moore: Poisonous Snakes of the World, 1980, p127)
Venoms from snakes of the subfamily Crotalinae or pit vipers, found mostly in the Americas. They include the rattlesnake, cottonmouth, fer-de-lance, bushmaster, and American copperhead. Their venoms contain nontoxic proteins, cardio-, hemo-, cyto-, and neurotoxins, and many enzymes, especially phospholipases A. Many of the toxins have been characterized.
Venoms from SNAKES of the viperid family. They tend to be less toxic than elapid or hydrophid venoms and act mainly on the vascular system, interfering with coagulation and capillary membrane integrity and are highly cytotoxic. They contain large amounts of several enzymes, other factors, and some toxins.
Bites inflicted by humans.
Bites and stings inflicted by insects.
The largest family of snakes, comprising five subfamilies: Colubrinae, Natricinae, Homalopsinae, Lycodontinae, and Xenodontinae. They show a great diversity of eating habits, some eating almost anything, others having a specialized diet. They can be oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. The majority of North American snakes are colubrines. Among the colubrids are king snakes, water moccasins, water snakes, and garter snakes. Some genera are poisonous. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp321-29)
The force applied by the masticatory muscles in dental occlusion.
A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.
The effects, both local and systemic, caused by the bites of SPIDERS.
A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sri Lanka" is not a medical term that can be defined in a medical context; it is the name of a country located in South Asia, known for its diverse landscapes and rich biodiversity.
Emergency care or treatment given to a person who suddenly becomes ill or injured before full medical services become available.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nepal" is not a medical term that has a definition in the field of medicine. It is actually the name of a country located in South Asia, known officially as the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!
Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction, supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles.
The study of plant lore and agricultural customs of a people. In the fields of ETHNOMEDICINE and ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, the emphasis is on traditional medicine and the existence and medicinal uses of PLANTS and PLANT EXTRACTS and their constituents, both historically and in modern times.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "India" is not a medical term that can be defined in a medical context. It is a geographical location, referring to the Republic of India, a country in South Asia. If you have any questions related to medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help with those!
A family of snakes comprising the boas, anacondas, and pythons. They occupy a variety of habitats through the tropics and subtropics and are arboreal, aquatic or fossorial (burrowing). Some are oviparous, others ovoviviparous. Contrary to popular opinion, they do not crush the bones of their victims: their coils exert enough pressure to stop a prey's breathing, thus suffocating it. There are five subfamilies: Boinae, Bolyerinae, Erycinae, Pythoninae, and Tropidophiinae. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p315-320)
Neurologic disorders caused by exposure to toxic substances through ingestion, injection, cutaneous application, or other method. This includes conditions caused by biologic, chemical, and pharmaceutical agents.
General or unspecified injuries involving the foot.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin.

Low dose subcutaneous adrenaline to prevent acute adverse reactions to antivenom serum in people bitten by snakes: randomised, placebo controlled trial. (1/243)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of low dose adrenaline injected subcutaneously to prevent acute adverse reactions to polyspecific antivenom serum in patients admitted to hospital after snake bite. DESIGN: Prospective, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. SETTING: District general hospital in Sri Lanka. SUBJECTS: 105 patients with signs of envenomation after snake bite, randomised to receive either adrenaline (cases) or placebo (controls) immediately before infusion of antivenom serum. INTERVENTIONS: Adrenaline 0.25 ml (1:1000). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Development of acute adverse reactions to serum and side effects attributable to adrenaline. RESULTS: 56 patients (cases) received adrenaline and 49 (controls) received placebo as pretreatment. Six (11%) adrenaline patients and 21 (43%) control patients developed acute adverse reactions to antivenom serum (P=0.0002). Significant reductions in acute adverse reactions to serum were also seen in the adrenaline patients for each category of mild, moderate, and severe reactions. There were no significant adverse effects attributable to adrenaline. CONCLUSIONS: Use of 0.25 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline given subcutaneously immediately before administration of antivenom serum to patients with envenomation after snake bite reduces the incidence of acute adverse reactions to serum.  (+info)

Myasthenic syndrome of snake envenomation: a clinical and neurophysiological study. (2/243)

In this prospective study, 65 consecutive patients with neurological manifestations after snake envenomation, were examined in order to describe the natural history of the reversible nature of muscle weakness. Snake envenoming led to a completely reversible muscle paralysis involving the external ocular muscles with sparing of the pupils, muscles of mastication, facial muscles, palatal muscles, neck and proximal limb muscles. The deep tendon reflexes were preserved with no sensory abnormalities. The muscular weakness usually set in within an hour of envenomation and lasted up to 10 days, with fatigability lasting for 12 days. Respiratory muscle paralysis led to ventilatory failure needing ventilation in severely envenomed patients. Motor and sensory nerve conduction were normal with normal resting compound motor action potentials on electromyography. Repetitive nerve stimulation gave rise to a decremental response during high frequency stimulation. The edrophonium test gave negative results. These manifestations are due to abnormalities of neuromuscular transmission and are not typical of myasthenia gravis. As the exact pathophysiology of venom-related neurotoxicity is not known, it is suggested that the neurological manifestations of snake envenoming be designated a myasthenic syndrome. Further studies to isolate the neurotoxin and its mechanism and exact site of blocking at the neuromuscular junction would pave the way for the development of a novel long-acting neuromuscular blocking agent.  (+info)

Sequential randomised and double blind trial of promethazine prophylaxis against early anaphylactic reactions to antivenom for bothrops snake bites. (3/243)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of the H1 antihistamine promethazine against early anaphylactic reactions to antivenom. DESIGN: Sequential randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. SETTING: Public hospital in a venom research institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: 101 patients requiring antivenom treatment after being bitten by bothrops snakes. INTERVENTION: Intramuscular injection of promethazine (25 mg for adults and 0.5/kg for children) or placebo given 15-20 min before starting intravenous infusion of antivenom. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence and severity of anaphylactic reactions occurring within 24 hours after antivenom. RESULTS: Reactions occurred in 12 of 49 patients treated with promethazine (24%) and in 13 of 52 given placebo (25%); most were mild or moderate. Continuous sequential analysis indicated that the study could be interrupted at the 22nd untied pair, without preference for promethazine or placebo. CONCLUSION: Prophylaxis with promethazine does not prevent early reactions. Patients should be observed carefully during antivenom infusion and the subsequent few hours.  (+info)

A new monospecific ovine Fab fragment antivenom for treatment of envenoming by the Sri Lankan Russell's viper (Daboia Russelii Russelii): a preliminary dose-finding and pharmacokinetic study. (4/243)

Russell's viper is the most important cause of life-threatening snake bite and acute renal failure in Sri Lanka. Only equine polyspecific antivenoms imported from India are available. They have not proved effective clinically or in clearing venom antigenemia and they frequently cause reactions. In an attempt to reduce mortality and morbidity, a new monospecific ovine Fab fragment antivenom (PolongaTab; Therapeutic Antibodies, Inc., London, United Kingdom) was raised against Sri Lankan Russell's viper venom. In a preliminary dose-finding study in 35 patients, an initial dose of 3-4 g restored blood coagulability permanently and stopped systemic bleeding, even in severely envenomed patients. Venom antigenemia disappeared within 1 hr of antivenom treatment but recurred, probably as a result of continued absorption of venom from the site of the bite, after the rapid clearance of therapeutic antibody. Twelve patients (34%) experienced early reactions that were usually mild and always responded to epinephrine.  (+info)

Epidemiological and clinical differences of snake bites among children and adults in south western Saudi Arabia. (5/243)

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical course and complications of snake bite in children and adults. METHODS: A retrospective review of 66 patients (28 children and 38 adults) admitted after snake bites for management at the Prince Abdullah Hospital in Bisha, in the south western part of Saudi Arabia, during the period May 1992 to May 1995. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in time of bite, site of bite, and sex preference between adults and children. Local complications, such as tissue necrosis, were commoner in children (14%) than in adults (5%). Systemic manifestations were also more commonly seen in children than in adults; this is possibly due to a higher ratio of injected venom to body mass in children. Leukocytosis was seen in 54% of children (adults 13%), a low haemoglobin concentration in 14% of children (adults 11%), prolonged prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times in 41% of children (adults 16%), while a high creatine phosphokinase was seen in 31% of children compared with 17% of adults. CONCLUSIONS: Children seem to have more serious local and systemic complications than adults and this may indicate the need to use a higher dose of antivenom than that being used at present.  (+info)

Histologic and functional renal alterations caused by Bothrops moojeni snake venom in rats. (6/243)

Acute renal failure (ARF) is the main cause of death following snake bites by Bothrops species. In this study, we investigated the morphologic and functional renal disturbances caused by Bothrops moojeni venom in rats. Renal function was assessed based on creatinine and lithium clearances and on histologic examination of renal tissue 5 hr after the intravenous administration of 0.2 mg of venom/kg and 5 hr, 16 hr, and 48 hr after 0.4 mg of venom/ kg. A venom dose of 0.4 mg/kg produced renal tubule disturbances, including acute impairment of proximal and post-proximal tubule sodium handling associated with acute tubule necrosis. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreased significantly and was accompanied by severe morphologic disturbances in the renal glomeruli. These functional and morphologic findings were observed in the absence of any change in mean arterial blood pressure. The decrease in GFR was not related to the presence of fibrin deposits in the glomerular capillary loops. These results suggest an early nephrotoxic action of B. moojeni venom involving significant morphologic and functional changes similar to those observed in snakebite-induced ARF in humans.  (+info)

Short report: treatment of snake envenomations by a new polyvalent antivenom composed of highly purified F(ab)2: results of a clinical trial in northern Cameroon. (7/243)

A clinical trial was conducted in 2 health centers in northern Cameroon to assess the safety and efficacy of a new polyvalent antivenom composed of highly purified and pasteurized F(ab')2 (FAV-Africa). Forty-six patients with objective signs of envenomation, including 67% with hemorrhage, were included in the study. Each patient received at least 20 ml of FAV-Africa by direct, slow intravenous injection; 172 10-ml ampules were administered. All patients were clinically cured after treatment. Two patients (4.3%) showed minor immediate adverse events that may have been related to FAV-Africa (induration, light-headedness); no other treatment-related adverse event occurred. No patient had serum sickness. This trial confirms the safety of FAV-Africa administered by intravenous injection and its efficacy in the treatment of snake envenomations in sub-Saharan Africa.  (+info)

Cortical blindness: an unusual sequela of snake bite. (8/243)

Several ophthalmic effects may follow snake bite; this report describes an instance of cortical blindness that resulted from snake bite.  (+info)

A snake bite is a traumatic injury resulting from the puncture or laceration of skin by the fangs of a snake, often accompanied by envenomation. Envenomation occurs when the snake injects venom into the victim's body through its fangs. The severity and type of symptoms depend on various factors such as the species of snake, the amount of venom injected, the location of the bite, and the individual's sensitivity to the venom. Symptoms can range from localized pain, swelling, and redness to systemic effects like coagulopathy, neurotoxicity, or cardiotoxicity, which may lead to severe complications or even death if not treated promptly and appropriately.

Antivenins, also known as antivenoms, are medications created specifically to counteract venomous bites or stings from various creatures such as snakes, spiders, scorpions, and marine animals. They contain antibodies that bind to and neutralize the toxic proteins present in venom. Antivenins are usually made by immunizing large animals (like horses) with small amounts of venom over time, which prompts the animal's immune system to produce antibodies against the venom. The antibody-rich serum is then collected from the immunized animal and purified for use as an antivenin.

When administered to a victim who has been envenomated, antivenins work by binding to the venom molecules, preventing them from causing further damage to the body's tissues and organs. This helps minimize the severity of symptoms and can save lives in life-threatening situations. It is essential to seek immediate medical attention if bitten or stung by a venomous creature, as antivenins should be administered as soon as possible for optimal effectiveness.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "snakes" is not a medical term. It refers to a group of legless reptiles that can be found on every continent except Antarctica. If you have any questions about snakes in a different context, please provide more information and I'll do my best to help!

Snake venoms are complex mixtures of bioactive compounds produced by specialized glands in snakes. They primarily consist of proteins and peptides, including enzymes, neurotoxins, hemotoxins, cytotoxins, and cardiotoxins. These toxins can cause a variety of pharmacological effects on the victim's body, such as disruption of the nervous system, blood coagulation, muscle function, and cell membrane integrity, ultimately leading to tissue damage and potentially death. The composition of snake venoms varies widely among different species, making each species' venom unique in its toxicity profile.

"Bites and stings" is a general term used to describe injuries resulting from the teeth or venomous secretions of animals. These can include:

1. Insect bites: The bite marks are usually small, punctate, and may be accompanied by symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, and pain. Examples include mosquito, flea, bedbug, and tick bites.

2. Spider bites: Some spiders possess venomous fangs that can cause localized pain, redness, and swelling. In severe cases, systemic symptoms like muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing may occur. The black widow and brown recluse spiders are notorious for their venomous bites.

3. Snake bites: Venomous snakes deliver toxic saliva through their fangs, which can lead to local tissue damage, swelling, pain, and potentially life-threatening systemic effects such as paralysis, bleeding disorders, and respiratory failure.

4. Mammal bites: Animal bites from mammals like dogs, cats, and wild animals can cause puncture wounds, lacerations, and crush injuries. They may also transmit infectious diseases, such as rabies.

5. Marine animal stings: Stings from jellyfish, sea urchins, stingrays, and other marine creatures can result in localized pain, redness, swelling, and systemic symptoms like difficulty breathing, muscle cramps, and altered heart rhythms. Some marine animals' venoms can cause severe allergic reactions or even death.

Treatment for bites and stings varies depending on the type and severity of the injury. It may include wound care, pain management, antibiotics to prevent infection, and in some cases, antivenom therapy to counteract the effects of venom. Seeking immediate medical attention is crucial in severe cases or when systemic symptoms are present.

Elapidae is a family of venomous snakes, also known as elapids. This family includes many well-known species such as cobras, mambas, death adders, and sea snakes. Elapids are characterized by their fixed fangs, which are located at the front of the upper jaw and deliver venom through a hollow canal. The venom of these snakes is typically neurotoxic, causing paralysis and respiratory failure in prey or attackers.

Elapids are found throughout the world, with the greatest diversity occurring in tropical regions. They vary widely in size, from small species like the death adders that measure only a few inches long, to large species like the king cobra, which can reach lengths of up to 18 feet (5.5 meters).

Elapids are generally shy and avoid confrontations with humans whenever possible. However, they will defend themselves aggressively if threatened or cornered. Bites from elapid snakes can be medically significant and may require antivenom treatment.

'Bungarus' is a genus of venomous elapid snakes commonly known as kraits, which are native to South and Southeast Asia. The term 'Bungarus' comes from the natural history classification system used in biology, specifically in the field of herpetology (the study of amphibians and reptiles).

Kraits are known for their highly potent neurotoxic venom, which can cause respiratory failure and death if left untreated. They are typically nocturnal and have a distinctive pattern of alternating black, white, and yellow bands. Some of the more well-known species in this genus include the banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) and the Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus).

It's worth noting that 'Bungarus' is not a medical term per se, but rather a taxonomic designation used by biologists to classify a group of related organisms. However, understanding the properties and behaviors of venomous snakes like kraits can be important for medical professionals who may encounter patients who have been bitten or envenomated by these creatures.

Viperidae is not a term that has a medical definition per se, but it is a term used in the field of biology and zoology. Viperidae is the family name for a group of venomous snakes commonly known as vipers. This family includes various types of pit vipers, adders, and rattlesnakes.

While Viperidae itself may not have direct medical relevance, understanding the biology and behavior of these creatures is important in the context of medical fields such as toxicology and emergency medicine. Knowledge about the venomous properties of viper snakes and their potential to cause harm to humans is crucial for appropriate treatment and management of snakebites.

"Bothrops" is a genus of venomous snakes commonly known as lancehead vipers, found primarily in Central and South America. The name "Bothrops" comes from the Greek words "bothros," meaning pit, and "ops," meaning face, referring to the deep pits on the sides of their heads that help them detect heat and locate prey. These snakes are known for their aggressive behavior and potent venom, which can cause severe pain, swelling, tissue damage, and potentially life-threatening systemic effects if left untreated.

The genus "Bothrops" includes over 30 species of pit vipers, many of which are considered medically important due to their ability to inflict serious envenomations in humans. Some notable examples include Bothrops asper (the terciopelo or fer-de-lance), Bothrops atrox (the common lancehead), and Bothrops jararaca (the jararaca).

If you encounter a snake of this genus, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately if bitten, as the venom can cause significant harm if not treated promptly.

Russell's Viper is not a medical condition or term. It is a type of venomous snake, scientifically known as Daboia russelii, found in parts of Asia. The bite of this viper can cause severe symptoms such as pain, swelling, bleeding, tissue damage, and potentially life-threatening systemic effects like kidney failure, blood clotting problems, and cardiac arrest. Medical personnel should be notified immediately in case of a snakebite, and appropriate antivenom therapy should be initiated as soon as possible to reduce the risk of complications or mortality.

Crotalid venoms are the toxic secretions produced by the members of the Crotalinae subfamily, also known as pit vipers. This group includes rattlesnakes, cottonmouths (or water moccasins), and copperheads, which are native to the Americas, as well as Old World vipers found in Asia and Europe, such as gaboon vipers and saw-scaled vipers.

Crotalid venoms are complex mixtures of various bioactive molecules, including enzymes, proteins, peptides, and other low molecular weight components. They typically contain a variety of pharmacologically active components, such as hemotoxic and neurotoxic agents, which can cause extensive local tissue damage, coagulopathy, cardiovascular dysfunction, and neuromuscular disorders in the victim.

The composition of crotalid venoms can vary significantly between different species and even among individual specimens within the same species. This variability is influenced by factors such as geographic location, age, sex, diet, and environmental conditions. As a result, the clinical manifestations of crotalid envenomation can be highly variable, ranging from mild local reactions to severe systemic effects that may require intensive medical treatment and supportive care.

Crotalid venoms have been the subject of extensive research in recent years due to their potential therapeutic applications. For example, certain components of crotalid venoms have shown promise as drugs for treating various medical conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, pain, and inflammation. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action of these venom components and to develop safe and effective therapies based on them.

"Viper venoms" refer to the toxic secretions produced by members of the Viperidae family of snakes, which include pit vipers (such as rattlesnakes, copperheads, and cottonmouths) and true vipers (like adders, vipers, and gaboon vipers). These venoms are complex mixtures of proteins, enzymes, and other bioactive molecules that can cause a wide range of symptoms in prey or predators, including local tissue damage, pain, swelling, bleeding, and potentially life-threatening systemic effects such as coagulopathy, cardiovascular shock, and respiratory failure.

The composition of viper venoms varies widely between different species and even among individuals within the same species. However, many viper venoms contain a variety of enzymes (such as phospholipases A2, metalloproteinases, and serine proteases) that can cause tissue damage and disrupt vital physiological processes in the victim. Additionally, some viper venoms contain neurotoxins that can affect the nervous system and cause paralysis or other neurological symptoms.

Understanding the composition and mechanisms of action of viper venoms is important for developing effective treatments for venomous snakebites, as well as for gaining insights into the evolution and ecology of these fascinating and diverse creatures.

'Human bites' refer to wounds or injuries resulting from the human mouth coming into contact with another person's body tissue. These bites can occur during fights, accidents, or intentional acts and can cause damage ranging from minor abrasions to serious tissue injury or infection. Human bite wounds may also pose a risk of transmission for various pathogens, including bacteria like Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species, hepatitis B and C viruses, and herpes simplex virus. Proper evaluation, wound care, and potential antibiotic treatment are crucial to prevent complications associated with human bites.

Insect bites and stings refer to the penetration of the skin by insects, such as mosquitoes, fleas, ticks, or bees, often resulting in localized symptoms including redness, swelling, itching, and pain. The reaction can vary depending on the individual's sensitivity and the type of insect. In some cases, systemic reactions like anaphylaxis may occur, which requires immediate medical attention. Treatment typically involves relieving symptoms with topical creams, antihistamines, or in severe cases, epinephrine. Prevention measures include using insect repellent and protective clothing.

Colubridae is a family of snakes that includes a large majority of the world's snake species. It is a diverse group, with members ranging from relatively small and harmless species to large and potentially dangerous ones. Some colubrids have evolved specialized adaptations for specific hunting strategies or defense mechanisms.

Colubridae species are found worldwide, except in Antarctica, and they inhabit various environments such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and wetlands. Many colubrids are constrictors, meaning they kill their prey by wrapping their bodies around it and squeezing until the prey can no longer breathe.

It is worth noting that some colubrid species were previously classified under other families such as Natricidae or Dipsadidae, but recent genetic studies have led to a reclassification of these snakes into Colubridae.

Some examples of colubrids include rat snakes, gopher snakes, racers, whip snakes, and tree snakes. The family also includes some well-known species like the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) and the black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis), which are among the longest and most venomous snakes in the world. However, it is important to note that not all colubrids are venomous, and those that are typically pose little threat to humans due to their mild venom or shy nature.

Bite force refers to the amount of force or pressure that can be exerted by the teeth and jaw when biting down or clenching together. It is a measure of an individual's maximum biting strength, typically expressed in units such as pounds (lb) or newtons (N). Bite force is an important factor in various biological and medical contexts, including oral health, nutrition, and the study of animal behavior and evolution.

In humans, bite force can vary widely depending on factors such as age, sex, muscle strength, and dental health. On average, a healthy adult human male may have a maximum bite force of around 150-200 pounds (670-890 newtons), while an adult female may have a bite force of around 100-130 pounds (445-578 newtons). However, these values can vary significantly from person to person.

Abnormalities in bite force can be indicative of various medical conditions or injuries, such as temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), muscle weakness, or neurological disorders affecting the facial muscles. Assessing and measuring bite force may also be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of dental treatments or appliances, such as dentures or orthodontic devices.

Promethazine is an antihistamine and phenothiazine derivative, which is commonly used for its sedative, anti-emetic (prevents vomiting), and anti-allergic properties. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms, and by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps transmit signals.

Promethazine is used to treat various conditions such as allergies, motion sickness, nausea and vomiting, and as a sedative before and after surgery or medical procedures. It may also be used for its calming effects in children with certain behavioral disorders.

Like all medications, promethazine can have side effects, including drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and dizziness. More serious side effects may include seizures, irregular heartbeat, and difficulty breathing. It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare provider when taking promethazine and to report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly.

A spider bite is not a medical condition in and of itself, but rather an injury caused by the puncture of the skin by the fangs of a spider. Not all spiders are capable of penetrating human skin, and only a small number of species found in certain parts of the world have venom that can cause harmful reactions in humans.

The symptoms of a spider bite can vary widely depending on the species of spider, the amount of venom injected, the sensitivity of the person bitten, and the location of the bite. Some common symptoms include redness, swelling, pain, itching, and formation of a blister at the site of the bite. In more severe cases, symptoms such as muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing can occur.

It is important to note that many skin reactions that are attributed to spider bites may actually be caused by other factors such as bacterial infections or allergic reactions. Accurate identification of the spider responsible for a bite is often difficult, and in most cases, treatment is directed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

An open bite, in dental terminology, refers to a type of malocclusion (or misalignment) where the upper and lower teeth do not make contact with each other when the jaw is closed. More specifically, the front teeth of both the upper and lower jaws fail to meet or overlap normally, creating an opening in the bite. This condition can lead to various problems such as difficulty in biting, chewing, speaking clearly, and even cause temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Open bite can be caused by several factors including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, genetic factors, or abnormal jaw development. Treatment usually involves orthodontic intervention, possibly with the use of appliances or even surgery in severe cases.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sri Lanka" is not a medical term or concept. Sri Lanka is an island country located in the Indian Ocean, south of India. It is known for its diverse landscapes ranging from rainforests and arid plains to highlands and sandy beaches.

If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try and help answer them!

First Aid is the immediate and temporary treatment or care given to a sick, injured, or wounded person until full medical services become available. It can include simple procedures like cleaning and dressing wounds, administering CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation), preventing shock, or placing a splint on a broken bone. The goal of first aid is to preserve life, prevent further harm, and promote recovery.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nepal" is not a medical term. It is a country located in South Asia, between China and India. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.

Ophthalmoplegia is a medical term that refers to the paralysis or weakness of the eye muscles, which can result in double vision (diplopia) or difficulty moving the eyes. It can be caused by various conditions, including nerve damage, muscle disorders, or neurological diseases such as myasthenia gravis or multiple sclerosis. Ophthalmoplegia can affect one or more eye muscles and can be partial or complete. Depending on the underlying cause, ophthalmoplegia may be treatable with medications, surgery, or other interventions.

Ethnobotany is the scientific study of the traditional knowledge, practices, and beliefs about plants held by a particular group of people or culture. It involves the documentation and analysis of the ways in which people use plants for medicinal, food, shelter, clothing, dye, ritual, and other purposes. The field of ethnobotany draws on anthropology, botany, ecology, chemistry, and geography to understand the complex relationships between human cultures and their plant resources.

Ethnobotanists may conduct fieldwork with communities to learn about their traditional plant use, documenting this knowledge through interviews, observations, and collections of plant specimens. They may also study the ecological and cultural factors that shape plant use and management, as well as the impacts of globalization, environmental change, and other forces on traditional plant knowledge and practices.

The information gathered through ethnobotanical research can have important implications for conservation, human health, and sustainable development. For example, traditional plant remedies may provide leads for the development of new drugs or therapies, while understanding the cultural significance of plants can help inform efforts to protect biodiversity and support the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "India" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country in South Asia, the second-most populous country in the world, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and numerous contributions to various fields including medicine. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer them!

Boidae is a family of snakes, also known as boas. This family includes many different species of large, non-venomous snakes found in various parts of the world, particularly in Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Boas are known for their strong bodies and muscular tails, which they use to constrict their prey before swallowing it whole. Some well-known members of this family include the anaconda, the python, and the boa constrictor.

Neurotoxicity syndromes refer to a group of conditions caused by exposure to neurotoxins, which are substances that can damage the structure or function of the nervous system. Neurotoxicity syndromes can affect both the central and peripheral nervous systems and may cause a wide range of symptoms depending on the type and severity of the exposure.

Symptoms of neurotoxicity syndromes may include:

* Headache
* Dizziness
* Tremors or shaking
* Difficulty with coordination or balance
* Numbness or tingling in the hands and feet
* Vision problems
* Memory loss or difficulty concentrating
* Seizures or convulsions
* Mood changes, such as depression or anxiety

Neurotoxicity syndromes can be caused by exposure to a variety of substances, including heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, and arsenic), pesticides, solvents, and certain medications. In some cases, neurotoxicity syndromes may be reversible with treatment, while in other cases, the damage may be permanent.

Prevention is key in avoiding neurotoxicity syndromes, and it is important to follow safety guidelines when working with or around potential neurotoxins. If exposure does occur, prompt medical attention is necessary to minimize the risk of long-term health effects.

Foot injuries refer to any damage or trauma caused to the various structures of the foot, including the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves. These injuries can result from various causes such as accidents, sports activities, falls, or repetitive stress. Common types of foot injuries include fractures, sprains, strains, contusions, dislocations, and overuse injuries like plantar fasciitis or Achilles tendonitis. Symptoms may vary depending on the type and severity of the injury but often include pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty walking, and reduced range of motion. Proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial to ensure optimal healing and prevent long-term complications.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Penetrating wounds are a type of traumatic injury that occurs when an object pierces through the skin and underlying tissues, creating a hole or cavity in the body. These wounds can vary in severity, depending on the size and shape of the object, as well as the location and depth of the wound.

Penetrating wounds are typically caused by sharp objects such as knives, bullets, or glass. They can damage internal organs, blood vessels, nerves, and bones, leading to serious complications such as bleeding, infection, organ failure, and even death if not treated promptly and properly.

The management of penetrating wounds involves a thorough assessment of the wound and surrounding tissues, as well as the identification and treatment of any associated injuries or complications. This may include wound cleaning and closure, antibiotics to prevent infection, pain management, and surgery to repair damaged structures. In some cases, hospitalization and close monitoring may be necessary to ensure proper healing and recovery.

A snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake, especially a venomous snake. A common sign of a bite from a venomous ... Snake Bite First Aid - Snakebite Archived 16 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 21 mars, 2009 Snake bite image ... and are capable of dry biting. A dry bite is a bite from a venomous snake that results in very little or no venom expulsion, ... Attempted suicide by snake bite. Case report and literature survey]" [Attempted suicide by snake bite: Case report and ...
... is a book written by Kevin Markwell and Nancy Cushing. The book, with interviews from staff and supporters, is a ... Snake-bitten: Eric Worrell and the Australian Reptile Park Archived 2011-02-15 at the Wayback Machine at unswpress.com.au. v t ... Snake-bitten : Eric Worrell and the Australian Reptile Park / Kevin Markwell and Nancy Cushing at the National Library of ...
A Snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake. Snakebite or snake bite may also refer to: Snakebite, a German band ... darts player nicknamed Snakebite Snake bites, a type of lip piercing, or any two body piercings placed side by side Young ... a song from Judas Priest's album Redeemer of Souls Snakebite (drink), an alcoholic beverage made with beer and cider Snake Bite ... Snake Bite, a novel written by Andy Lane Indian burn (prank), an abusive prank where the prankster twists another persons ...
Snake Bite returned to a primary red color scheme in 2004. In 2009, the Snake Bite paint scheme was changed to red, black, and ... Other drivers of Snake Bite have used the "Colt Cobra", "Ricky Rattler", or "Vic Venom" personas as part of the Snake Bite ... Snake Bite was redesigned in 1996, changing from a primary red color to green. Bigfoot #15, racing as Snake Bite, won the 1997 ... In 1993, Bigfoot #10 was outfitted as Snake Bite. Snake Bite came in second place in the PENDA Points Series standings behind ...
... where Uthra received the first snake bite. In regards to the second, fatal bite, Vava Suresh also noted that it would have been ... Making her get bitten again with a more venomous snake while she had still not recovered from the earlier attempt amounts to ... It appeared that she had been bitten by a snake during the night of 6 May 2020. Uthra died the next day, 7 May 2020. A large ... He confessed that he had starved the cobra for eleven days to ensure that the cobra would bite his wife. The snake "was kept in ...
"Motörhead--Snake Bite Love (1998/CMC)". Metal Reviews. Retrieved 8 March 2007. "Offiziellecharts.de - Motorhead - Snake Bite ... Snake Bite Love". Hung Medien. Retrieved 26 April 2021. Motörhead official site listing for Snake Bite love Sample tracks at ... Snake Bite Love would be the final album co-produced with Howard Benson. By all accounts, the recording was rushed, with ... Snake Bite Love is the fourteenth studio album by British rock band Motörhead. It was released on 10 March 1998 via Steamhammer ...
The foshan dish cooking method is made by forcing a venomous snake to bite a chicken. The chicken is bitten and poisoned ... Snake bite chicken is a controversial dish served in Guangdong and Chongqing China, though its exact origin is unknown. The ... dish consist of a venomous snake being forced to bite a chicken. After the chicken is envenomated and dies, it is then served. ... A strong chicken may require several bites.[permanent dead link] After the chicken dies, it can be served in a pan for 98 ...
Lal, Neeta (20 July 2021). "'Like Uber for snake emergencies': tech takes the sting out of bites in rural India". The Guardian ... Sarpa or SARPA (Snake Awareness, Rescue and Protection app) is a snakebite app, an application for mobile devices developed in ... Sudhi, K. S. (16 July 2021). "App will rush snake rescuers to the spot". The Hindu. Retrieved 20 July 2021. v t e (All stub ... The apps provide rapid response to snakebite incidents, often in remote areas, using a network of volunteers managed by local ...
The highly venomous beaked sea snake is responsible for more than 50% of all sea snake bites, as well as the majority of ... The national average incidence of venomous snake bites in the United States is roughly 4 bites per 100,000 persons, and about 5 ... Visser, Chapman, John, David S (1978). Snakes and Snakebite: Venomous snakes and management of snake bite in Southern Africa. ... caused venomous bites, while the coral snakes, although common, inflict only 1 to 2% of all reported snake bites. Of the coral ...
"CHILD BITTEN BY SNAKE". 5 January 1921. p. 7 - via Trove. "Death from snake bite, Camper and Tiger Snake". The Argus. 31 ... "Snake bite victim dies". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 January 2007. "Tragic snake bite death, died 2 hours after being bitten ... "SNAKE-CHARMING, The West Australian". 6 March 1929. p. 15 - via Trove. "Fatal Snake bite, Boy bitten by Death Adder, Toowoomba ... "FATAL SNAKE-BITE, Daily Pictorial". 26 August 1930. p. 9 - via Trove. "BITTEN BY SNAKE, Advocate". 9 April 1931. p. 4 - via ...
Animal attacks in Latin America List of fatal snake bites in the United States List of fatal snake bites in Australia Sant'Ana ... "ENVENOMATION CAUSED BY THE BITE OF THE SNAKE BOTHRIECHIS SCHLEGELII. REPORT OF TWO CASES IN COLOMBIA". Case Reports. 3 (1): 1-7 ... Coral snake venom is a potent neurotoxin, causing neuromuscular block. The yellow-bellied sea snake is extremely venomous, the ... Agkistrodon bilineatus, is one of the main causes of bites in its geographic reach, the reported symptoms of the bite include ...
Snake Bite book details with question Google Books on Snake Bite Abebooks for Snake Bite Macmillan info and purchase Murder One ... "Snake Bite (Young Sherlock Holmes)", Amazon. Retrieved 22 May 2020. Andy Lane, "Young Sherlock Holmes: Snake Bite", BookTrust. ... Snake Bite", Dawn, Retrieved 17 May 2020. Andy Lane, "Young Sherlock Holmes: Snake Bite", MacMillan Children's Books, September ... His wife and his son, Wu Fung-Yi tells Sherlock the news that Wu Chung is killed by snake bite. Sherlock sees that the way that ...
"Smith Lake snake bite victim dies at Huntsville Hospital". WAFF-TV. May 28, 2019. "Alabama man dies after copperhead snake bite ... "Snake Bite Season". www.newschannel6now.com. Retrieved 2016-03-15. Miller, Bill (August 11, 2010). "Girl dies after snake bite ... "Southeastern Outdoors - Fatal Coral Snake Bites". Retrieved 23 September 2013. Lise Fisher (October 11, 2005). "Snake bite is ... "Snake handler dies from rattlesnake bite". UPI. July 16, 1984. "Snake Bite Proves Fatal". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Sitka, Alaska. ...
Snakebite Township was so-named when a state guardsman bit off the head of a snake in order to win a bet. U.S. Geological ... Survey Geographic Names Information System: Snakebite Township, Bertie County, North Carolina "Man bit the snake so it must be ... Snakebite Township is an inactive township in Bertie County, in the U.S. state of North Carolina. ...
A dry bite is a bite by a venomous animal in which no venom is released. Dry snake bites are called "venomous snake bite ... Snakebite Spider bite Silveira, PV; Nishioka Sde A (1995). "Venomous snake bite without clinical envenoming ('dry-bite'). A ... The first clinically observed dry snake bite occurred in London in 1892, from a South American rattlesnake. The term "dry bite ... Recent scholarship identifies seven main snake-related causes for a dry bite from a snake: Gland infection Trauma after defence ...
ISBN 978-1-4027-3181-5. "Snake Bites". A. D. A. M. Inc. 16 October 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2018. Hargreaves, Adam D.; ... Some 450 species of snake are venomous. Snake venom is produced by glands below the eye (the mandibular glands) and delivered ... varying by species of snake), respiratory paralysis, kidney failure, coma, and death. Snake venom may have originated with ... Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting ...
"Snake Bite First Aid - Snakebite". Health-care-clinic.org. Archived from the original on 16 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January ... Australia averages only one fatal snake bite per year. In India, 250,000 snakebites are recorded in a single year, with as many ... Documented deaths resulting from snake bites are uncommon. Nonfatal bites from venomous snakes may result in the need for ... Despite the existence of snake charmers, there have also been professional snake catchers or wranglers. Modern-day snake ...
Haast lived to age 100, and survived a reported 172 snake bites. He donated his blood to be used in treating snake-bite ... Martin CJ, Lamb G (1907). "Snake-poison and Snake-bite". In Allbutt TC, Rolleston ND (eds.). A System of Medicine. London: ... Snake venom is injected by unique fangs during a bite, whereas some species are also able to spit venom. The glands that ... When the snake bites, the jaws close and the muscles surrounding the gland contract, causing venom to be ejected via the fangs ...
... bites. The availability of antivenom has greatly reduced the incidence of fatal tiger snake bites. Among the number of deaths ... Identifying the snake is not necessary if bitten in Tasmania, because the same antivenom is used to treat all Tasmanian snakes ... Information on bites from survivaliq.com Information on the genus from snakeshow.net Mainland Tiger Snake - Australian Reptile ... Tiger snake venoms possess potent neurotoxins, coagulants, haemolysins, and myotoxins. Symptoms of a bite include localized ...
During his struggle to escape from the snake's coils, he bit its tail. He was rescued after it eventually relaxed its grasp ... Reuters ran a story, "It's News! Man Bites Dog", about a man biting a dog in December 2007. A 2008 story of a boy biting a dog ... "Man bites dog to save wife" about a man who bit a Labrador on the nose, after it attacked his wife and bit off her nose. On ... "Mom bites pit bull as it attacks girl". CNN. April 24, 2014. "Man bites dog and escapes jail". South Wales Argus. 14 June 2014 ...
... will die from venomous snake bites. Lizard bites, unlike venomous snake bites, are usually not fatal. The Komodo dragon has ... cAn estimated 125,000 people a year die from venomous snake bites. In the US alone, more than 8,000 venomous snake bites are ... "Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation" (PDF). World Health Organization. Retrieved 30 December 2007. "Venomous Snake ... "First Aid Snake Bites". University of Maryland Medical Center. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 30 ...
"The Snake Bites Roselle". GMA Drama. "GMA Drama: May 26". Facebook. Retrieved May 31, 2023. "Murderer". GMA Drama. "GMA Drama: ...
ISBN 978-0-571-28198-5. "The Snake Bites Again! - A Bailey Brothers interview with David Coverdale!". Rock United. Retrieved 1 ... Millar, Robbi (September 1981). "Year of the 'Snake". Kerrang!. No. 3. London, England: United Newspapers. p. 10-11. "Official ...
Yoshimitsu, M (2005). "Animal and Snake Bites". Japanese Journal of Pediatric Surgery (in Japanese). 37 (2): 207-15. ISSN 0385- ... In China, it is known as the Qichun snake (七寸子) or soil snake/viper (土巴蛇、土蝮蛇、土夫蛇、土公蛇). It is found in Japan. According to Gloyd ... Bitten victims typically require one week of treatment in a hospital. Severe bites require intensive care, and approximately 10 ... Every year, 2000-3000 people in Japan are bitten by mamushi, severe bites require intensive care, and approximately 10 victims ...
"Snake bite and snake venoms: their effects on the nervous system". In: de Wolff FA, editor. Handbook of clinical neurology, vol ... Most victims are bitten after dark when these snakes are active. Most of these species have venom that contains factors that ... Photograph of a bite to the leg inflicted by saw-scaled viper (Articles with short description, Short description is different ... The snake venom of Echis species consists mostly of four types of toxins: neurotoxins, cardiotoxins, hemotoxins, and cytotoxins ...
A snake later bites Anjali. Siddharth is suspicious, and both brothers try to uncover the truth. Kailash tries to plot against ...
... is a medication made up of antibodies used to treat snake bites by venomous snakes. It is a type of antivenom. ... "Antivenom Supply for Snake bites". www.pharmaceutical-technology.com. 24 April 2019. Archived from the original on 10 January ... As of 2012[update], the relative rarity of coral snake bites, combined with the high costs of producing and maintaining an ... Breen, David (12 October 2013). "Risk from coral-snake bites grows as antivenin dwindles". Orlando Sentinel. Archived from the ...
An Indian burn, also known as a snake bite or Chinese burn in the UK, is a pain-inducing prank, where the prankster grabs onto ... Selzer, Adam (27 February 2011). "Snake Bites and Indian Burns". PlaygroundJungle.com. Retrieved 17 June 2021. Safire, William ... and as the snake bite. In the United Kingdom, it is known as a Chinese burn. A variation of the prank can be done with a yarn ...
Coral snakes are not aggressive or prone to biting and account for less than one percent of the total number of snake bites ... false coral snake Pliocercus elapoides, variegated false coral snake Rhinobothryum bovallii, coral mimic snake, false tree ... Coral Snakes: Colors, Bites, Farts & Facts Archived 24 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Live Science. "Eastern Coral Snake". ... "Snake bites: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". Nlm.nih.gov. 13 January 2010. Archived from the original on 4 December 2010. ...
Snake Man' Dies Of ... Snake Bite". CBS News. Associated Press. March 22, 2004. Retrieved December 1, 2017. "2004 Darwin Award ... Deaths due to snake bites, 2004 deaths, Thai entertainers, 1969 births, People with epilepsy, Thai people with disabilities, ... Buachan died on March 24, 2004, after being bitten by a cobra during his daily show in Prai Bung, Thailand. He continued with ... Snake Man". darwinawards.com. "Thai Lives With Poisonous Snakes". AP News. 7 May 1998. Retrieved 14 July 2022. Gagliardi, Jason ...
A snakebite is an injury caused by the bite of a snake, especially a venomous snake. A common sign of a bite from a venomous ... Snake Bite First Aid - Snakebite Archived 16 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 21 mars, 2009 Snake bite image ... and are capable of dry biting. A dry bite is a bite from a venomous snake that results in very little or no venom expulsion, ... Attempted suicide by snake bite. Case report and literature survey]" [Attempted suicide by snake bite: Case report and ...
His family issued a statement last night saying their son had died from the snake bite. ... One Campbelltown snake catcher, Les Shearim, said the eastern brown snake loved warm weather and there were probably millions ... A SYDNEY teenager bitten by one of the worlds most venomous snakes died in hospital yesterday afternoon with his family at his ... game at Whalan on Saturday and collapsed from a heart attack after he had been bitten on the hand by an eastern brown snake. ...
A northern Utah hospital is reporting an increase in snake sightings and bites this summer. ... Doctors say snake bite victims should seek medical help immediately. They also advise keeping the area with the bite below ... Officials at Logan Regional Hospital report theyve seen six snake bite victims so far in 2011, including two within the past ... LOGAN, Utah - A northern Utah hospital is reporting an increase in snake sightings and bites this summer. ...
A girl is treated for a snake bite at a Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) clinic in Leer County, South Sudan. ... Commonly found on the east coast of Africa, the mamba has a bite that can kill humans within a day with venom that attacks the ... A snakebite victim with an amputated leg on the banks of the Pibor River in Jonglei State, South Sudan. ... "Snakebite is a grossly and tragically neglected disease because it affects poor people who have no voice," she says. ...
Briefly discusses non-poisonous and poisonous snake and lizard bites and the reactions that can occur. Offers interactive tool ... Poisonous snake or lizard bite. If you were bitten by a snake or lizard that you know or think is poisonous, call 9-1-1 or ... A bite from a young snake can be serious. And a dead snake, even one with a severed head, can still bite and release venom by ... A bite from a poisonous (venomous) snake or lizard requires emergency care. If you have been bitten by a snake or lizard that ...
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Most snakebites are innocuous and are delivered by nonpoisonous species. North America is home to 25 species of poisonous ... Cottonmouth snake bites reported to the ToxIC North American snakebite registry 2013-2017. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020 Mar. 58 ( ... Large snake size suggests increased snakebite severity in patients bitten by rattlesnakes in Southern california. Wilderness ... but most bites affected victims who were unaware of the snakes presence prior to being bitten. ...
Critical advice on snake bites and how to treat them depending on the species of snake. ... Dos and Donts of Treating Snake Bite. Symptoms usually manifest soon after a snake bite, so observing the victim is extremely ... Snake awareness is important in protecting you and your family from snake bites. ... Snake bites. There are hundreds of species of snakes around the world but only a low percentage of these are venomous. In the ...
Instead, the antivenoms designed for the Big Four are routinely used to treat bites from all snakes. ... Indias snakebite regime found wanting. The spectacled cobra (Naja naja) is one of Indias Big Four. ... They found they contain a wide range of toxins with profound compositional diversity between different snake species and even ... Each year, snakebites kill 46,000 people in India and disable 140,000 others. ...
Information on How to Prevent or Respond to a Snake Bite. After a natural disaster, snakes may have been forced from their ... Signs and Symptoms of Snake Bites. If you are walking in high water, you may feel a bite, but not know that you were bitten by ... What NOT TO DO if You or Someone Else is Bitten by a Snake. *Do not pick up the snake or try to trap it (this may put you or ... What TO DO if You or Someone Else is Bitten by a Snake. *Try to see and remember the color and shape of the snake, which can ...
See what to do if a snake bites your child and ways to prevent snake bites with advice from Childrens Health. ... Venomous snake bites are rare, even in Texas. ... How to treat snake bites in children. The moments after a snake ... Snake bites and children: What to do Health & Wellness Library Snake bites and children: What to do Childrens Health Jun 21, ... Snake bites and children: What to do. How to prevent and treat snake bites in kids. Share:. Twitter. Facebook. Linked In. Email ...
A 17-year-old was bitten by a snake in Caesarea on Sunday, Hebrew media reported the following day.The teenage ... 17-year-old bitten by snake in Caesarea. By JERUSALEM POST STAFF. JUNE 5, 2023 03:10 Updated: JUNE 5, 2023 03:15. * ... A 17-year-old was bitten by a snake in Caesarea on Sunday, Hebrew media reported the following day.. The teenager is in ...
Snake 22 BETA (Wormy evolved) - v0.4 8 May, 2023 PyBlocks - 1.0 3 May, 2023 Travel!!! - 0.1 24 Apr, 2023 Désert de Feu - 1.1 16 ... This fully-documented Snake demo was made in 50 minutes, and the code itself is around 100 lines of code. Its quite playable, ... snake 72 pyweek 71 geometrian 68 library 66 gui 63 physics 61 engine 59 simulation 55 adventure 52 ALL the tags! ... and most addictive (but arent all snake games addictive?) Hope you new pygame coders get something out of this! ...
... is marketed as having bite and hence to be treated with respect. To date the product has been exported to many ... The name Snake Bite is indicative of animal, not human behaviour. It was considered that there is no reason to believe it would ... The company said that Snake Bite had been recognised as a drink - 50 per cent lager 50 per cent cider - for over 30 years and ... It was concluded that Snake Bite does not contravene the Code. There appears to be nothing in the name that would be more ...
Snake Bite by Andrew Lane, Paperback (ISBN: 9781447265627) Book 5 in the Young Sherlock Holmes series ... Snake Bite is the fifth in the Young Sherlock Holmes series in which the iconic detective is reimagined as a brilliant, ... How can three men be bitten by the same poisonous snake in different parts of Shanghai? Who wants them dead, and why? The ...
An ancient Egyptian tomb just south of Cairo was filled with magical spells intended to protect the dead from snake bites. ... Ancient Egyptian tomb was filled with magical spells to ward off snake bites. News By Owen Jarus ... An ancient Egyptian tomb just south of Cairo was filled with magical spells intended to protect the dead from snake bites. ... Archaeologists often find tombs in Egypt that have some of these magical, or apotropaic, sayings against snake bites - but not ...
Nurse Sued for Dissing Bitten Snake-Handler. Matthew Heller / November 25, 2007 ... Religious bias infected a hospitals emergency treatment of a Kentucky woman who had been bitten while handling a rattlesnake ...
Decapitated Snake Bites Itself!. Last Updated: Aug 16 2013 07:27, Started by chaosss , Aug 15 2013 07:07 · 0 ... Finding the venomous snake in his woodpile outside his home, Billiter took the decision to kill it rather than run the risk of ... Faza nasoala e ca sunt imuni la propria otrava....deci probabil n-a murit mai repede...pare a fi un fel de rattle snake. ... Faza nasoala e ca sunt imuni la propria otrava....deci probabil n-a murit mai repede...pare a fi un fel de rattle snake. ...
... a backup dancer was bitten by a snake-a snake that was decidedly not an anaconda. Rather, the reptile in question was a ... Did she just get bit by the snake? Boas are non-venomous, and the dancer was treated and then taken to the hospital out of an ... Because tonights show must go on, MTV says the current plan is to use a different snake in tonights performance. (Read more ...
After sustaining numerous snake bites over the years, a prominent serpent-handling minister and co-star of Snake Salvation died ... Snake Salvation Pastor Dies from Rattlesnake Bite during Worship Service Reality TV star refused hospital treatment as totally ... CT has previously noted snake handlings dangerous history, while also exploring how snake handling preachers take the Bible ... Snake handling has seen a small-scale resurgence among young Pentecostals in Appalachia, spawning a reality show and a ...
Snake bite victims breathe easier in Nepal thanks to UNHCR donation * Home ... Snake bite victims breathe easier in Nepal thanks to UNHCR donation A portable ventilator donated by UNHCR is helping to save ... After a week in the local hospital recovering from the snake bite, Laxmi is back home and doing well. All she needs now is some ... The newly wed was preparing dinner when a snake suddenly appeared on the mud floor of her kitchen and bit her right leg. Her ...
It is not necessary to identify the snake-trying to catch or kill the snake will likely result in someone else being bitten. ... As soon as a bite from a snake is suspected or confirmed, a teacher or administrator should:. *. Call 911 and request that an ... In the unfortunate event that a child is bitten at school by a venomous snake, teachers and administrators should be prepared. ... Remove rings, bracelets, watches, or restrictive clothing on the extremity with the bite. Wash the area of the bite with soap ...
... Due to wet weather and heat, news reports have families on alert: Snakes are being pushed out ... but if a snake bites your child, the first thing to do is determine if it was a poisonous snake. Non-poisonous snakebites cause ... If the bite is thought to be from a poisonous snake, however, the child should be transported to the nearest hospital. Do NOT ... Id never treated a patient with a snakebite and thought they were quite uncommon - until a rattlesnake bit a friend of mine ( ...
A mother who is being investigated for child abuse after allowing a snake to bite her baby as a learning lesson, says people ... A mother allowed a red rat snake to bit her one-year-old as a learning experience. ... Mom defends decision to let snake bite baby to teach a lesson: Mom defends decision to let snake bite baby to teach a lesson ... She found the snake in the driveway of her rural home outside of Sebring and since the reptile had bitten her and her son ...
The majority of snakebites and deaths from these bites occur in rural areas, where access to health care services is limited, ... Doctors in the region should also be trained to treat snake bites and administer anti-venom, Chippaux said.. To read the full ... The inability to reach medical care is one of the biggest issues in the treatment of venomous snake bites in Africa. The lack ... High mortality rates with snake bites in Africa. By Cindy Steinle. Sat, September 24 2011 at 08:33. ...
Describes how to prevent snake bites and treatment for bites that do occur. ... Snake Bite Prevention. Recognize Common Snake Habitats. Snakebites can be difficult to prevent since the majority of snakes are ... Snakebite Symptoms. Most people know immediately if the were bitten by a snake. But because this is not always the case, ... If you or someone you know is ever bitten by a snake it is important to always treat the bite as if it were poisonous. Seek ...
An eight-year-old boy bite a cobra snake twice to death when it got wrapped around his hand. This incident took place in ... Siasat.com/Offbeat/Eight-year-old boy bites cobra snake to death in Chhattisgarh. Eight-year-old boy bites cobra snake to death ... said that the poisonous snake bit him while he was playing in the backyard of his house. The snake also got wrapped around his ... Raipur: An eight-year-old boy bite a cobra snake twice to death when it got wrapped around his hand. This incident took place ...
... local snake catcher Zane Barnard has been bitten by a snake, and has landed in hospital for two days. ... Local snake catcher undeterred after snake bite By Omega Moagi For the first time in 40 years, local snake catcher Zane Barnard ... For the first time in 40 years, local snake catcher Zane Barnard has been bitten by a snake, and has landed in hospital for two ... "After the bite I cursed out in pain but I still rescued the snake and released it in the Bisley nature reserve area. The woman ...
  • Snakes bite both as a method of hunting, and as a means of protection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prevention of snake bites can involve wearing protective footwear, avoiding areas where snakes live, and not handling snakes. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, in the United States, about seven to eight thousand people per year are bitten by venomous snakes (about one in 40 thousand people) and about five people die (about one death per 65 million people). (wikipedia.org)
  • A SYDNEY teenager bitten by one of the world's most venomous snakes died in hospital yesterday afternoon with his family at his bedside. (smh.com.au)
  • Two of the bites happened when victims tried to touch or capture the snakes. (foxnews.com)
  • Not all snakebites result in envenoming: some snakes are non-venomous and venomous snakes do not always inject venom during a bite. (who.int)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates there are up to 1.8 million bites from venomous snakes annually worldwide, causing 20,000-90,000 deaths. (medscape.com)
  • Writing in the journal PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases , a team led by Kartik Sunagar from the Indian Institute of Science reports that while antivenoms remain the mainstay of snakebite therapy, studies in mice show they fail to neutralise the toxins of many venomous snakes. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Instead, the antivenoms designed for the Big Four are routinely used to treat bites from all snakes. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • While these snakes and their bites are certainly frightening, snake bites are rare and rarely fatal. (childrens.com)
  • Snakes generally are afraid of humans and use biting as a defense mechanism. (childrens.com)
  • Even when venomous snakes do bite, 25-50% of those bites are 'dry,' meaning no venom was delivered. (childrens.com)
  • The tomb's entrance was covered with sayings aimed to both ward off serpent bites and enlist snakes as tomb protectors, the archaeologists said in a translated statement . (livescience.com)
  • Flushed out of their natural habitat, snakes roam the fields freely and cause a surge in the number of snake bites at this time of the year. (unhcr.org)
  • The centre in Damak alone receives more than 1,000 cases of snake bite a year, including around 200 cases involving venomous snakes. (unhcr.org)
  • More snakes means the potential for snakebite. (ihavenet.com)
  • As many as 1.5 million people in that region are bitten by snakes each year, according to a new study that analyzed three decades worth of surveys and medical reports. (kingsnake.com)
  • Snakebites can be difficult to prevent since the majority of snakes are camouflaged and spend their time hiding in discreet locations. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Knowing where snakes might be is only part of preventing snakebites, however. (thesilverlining.com)
  • The best way to avoid snakebites is to avoid all snakes, regardless of species, and never try to handle them. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Snakes, unlike bees, are capable of inflecting multiple bites, so be sure to verify that the snake has retreated. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Barnard said the bite, which was the first he has had in about 40 years, has not deterred his passion for snakes. (citizen.co.za)
  • Another snake expert, Mark Enslin, said it was important to always be cautious when catching snakes. (citizen.co.za)
  • We have also been bitten by snakes numerous times, but we still need to be careful every time," said Enslin. (citizen.co.za)
  • For those concerned about the snake , the firefighters later released it in an environmental protection area where these snakes are more common. (autoevolution.com)
  • Snakes that appear dead may be alive and capable of striking, and it is possible to be envenomated by a dead snake if the fangs lacerate your skin during handling. (lortsmith.com)
  • In severe cases, multiple doses of antivenom may be required, especially when bites are inflicted by brown snakes, tiger snakes and taipans. (lortsmith.com)
  • Eugene De Leon Sr was bitten on the shoulder, while he was handling snakes in front of a crowd, KIII-TV reports. (wcpo.com)
  • 3 "victims" were so-called snake handlers handling their "pet" snakes. (smuggled.com)
  • All had recently completed supposedly "Nationally Accredited" Snake handling courses, where the preferred handling method taught was metal "Tongs", which besides being illegal to use to catch and handle snakes, increase the bite risk, due to the fact they commonly fatally injure snakes, and cause them to bite their attacker. (smuggled.com)
  • The data pulled from an NPIS audit indicates that between 2009 and 2020, 321 exotic snakebites were from 68 different species of exotic snakes. (discovermagazine.com)
  • With only one venomous snake native to the area - the European adder - the rise in snakebites is attributed to U.K. residents keeping snakes as pets. (discovermagazine.com)
  • 57.3 percent of bites were inflicted by snakes of the family Colubridae, including hognose snakes, king snakes and false water cobras. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Most of these bites occur to fingers, hands and wrists following deliberate handling interaction by people who keep snakes as part of their occupation or hobby. (discovermagazine.com)
  • While ownership of many poisonous species requires a special license in the U.K., it is recognized that some individuals may keep these snakes illegally -- meaning the true numbers of exotic snakebite injuries may be underestimated,' says Warrell. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Indonesia is a country with over 70 species of venomous snakes and plenty of snakebites. (haiweb.org)
  • Snake Bitten' helps us discover how to properly recognize and respond to spiritual snakes well before we are bitten and become their next victim or meal, just as Jesus did. (prweb.com)
  • Many people have never seen a snake in person, yet the fear of snakes is one of the most common phobias. (naturalnews.com)
  • Venomous snakes bite about 8,000 people yearly in the United States. (naturalnews.com)
  • Bites from nonpoisonous snakes rarely cause any serious problems. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Of the roughly 45,000 snakebites that occur in the United States each year, fewer than 8,000 are from venomous snakes, and about 6 people die. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Coral snakebites and bites from imported snakes are much less common. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The venom of coral snakes affects nervous system activity but causes little damage to tissue around the bite. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Illustrated guide to the venomous snakes of Hong Kong, with recommendations for first aid treatment of bites / by J. D. Romer. (who.int)
  • Most of the bites were from snakes belonging to the genus Bothrops . (bvsalud.org)
  • A bite from a poisonous (venomous) snake or lizard requires emergency care. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • If you have been bitten by a snake or lizard that you know or think might be poisonous, call 9-1-1 or other emergency services right away. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Several things affect how severe a poisonous snake or lizard bite will be. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • A bite from a small non-poisonous snake might leave teeth marks, a minor scrape, or a puncture wound without other symptoms. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Most non-poisonous snakebites can be treated at home. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • But a bite from a large non-poisonous snake (such as a boa constrictor, a python, or an anaconda) can be more serious. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Other problems can occur with a non-poisonous snake or lizard bite even if the reptile is small. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • How can three men be bitten by the same poisonous snake in different parts of Shanghai? (panmacmillan.com)
  • In the United States, 99 percent of poisonous snakebites are inflicted by the subfamily pit viper, which includes rattlesnakes, copperheads and cottonmouths. (ihavenet.com)
  • The other species of poisonous snake found in the U.S. is the coral snake. (ihavenet.com)
  • I won't detail the specific treatment for each type of bite, but if a snake bites your child, the first thing to do is determine if it was a poisonous snake. (ihavenet.com)
  • Non-poisonous snakebites cause minimal pain, no swelling, and really require only local wound care with irrigation and antibacterial soap. (ihavenet.com)
  • If the bite is thought to be from a poisonous snake, however, the child should be transported to the nearest hospital. (ihavenet.com)
  • If you or someone you know is ever bitten by a snake it is important to always treat the bite as if it were poisonous. (thesilverlining.com)
  • VenomByte.com is a great resource to see what poisonous snake species live in a particular area. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Speaking to local media, the boy, Deepak, said that the poisonous snake bit him while he was playing in the backyard of his house. (siasat.com)
  • If you have been bitten by a poisonous snake, not moving might save your life. (naturalnews.com)
  • Animals that inject harmful toxins by biting or stinging are called venomous, while the term poisonous refers to exposure to toxins by eating the animal. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Poisonous amphibians and reptiles : recognition, and bite treatment / by Floyd Boys and Hobart M. Smith. (who.int)
  • The majority of snake species do not have venom and kill their prey by constriction (squeezing them). (wikipedia.org)
  • Snake bites can have a variety of different signs and symptoms depending on their species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dry snakebites and those inflicted by a non-venomous species may still cause severe injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Snake venoms are complex mixtures of protein and peptide toxins, varying from one species to another, and even within species. (who.int)
  • In humans and animals, snakebite envenoming affects multiple organ systems (depending on the particular species of snake and the classes of toxins present in the venom) and can cause, among other things: haemorrhage and prolonged disruption of haemostasis, neuromuscular paralysis, tissue necrosis, myolysis (muscle degeneration), cardiotoxicity, acute kidney injury, thrombosis and hypovolaemic shock. (who.int)
  • A large number of exotic species are kept by both zoos and private collectors, making bites by nonindigenous species increasingly common. (medscape.com)
  • The recommended first aid for snake bites will also vary according to species. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • However, India has almost 300 snake species and around 60 of these are venomous. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • They found they contain a wide range of toxins with profound compositional diversity between different snake species and even in a single species. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • 9.3 percent of bites were by Viperidae species, including western diamondback rattlesnakes and copperheads. (discovermagazine.com)
  • 4.3 percent of bites were by Elapidae species -- most commonly by Indian cobras, monocled cobras and king cobras. (discovermagazine.com)
  • North America is home to hundreds of different snake species . (naturalnews.com)
  • At least one species of venomous snake is native to every state in the US except Alaska, Maine, and Hawaii. (merckmanuals.com)
  • This call relates to products that are primarily intended for the treatment of snakebite envenoming by these species in these countries. (who.int)
  • The World Health Organization says snakebites are a "neglected public health issue in many tropical and subtropical countries", and in 2017, the WHO categorized snakebite envenomation as a Neglected Tropical Disease (Category A). The WHO also estimates that between 4.5 and 5.4 million people are bitten each year, and of those figures 40-50% develop some kind of clinical illness as a result. (wikipedia.org)
  • Best P (1998) Snake envenomation of companion animals. (lortsmith.com)
  • Heller J, Mellor DJ, Hodgson JL, Reid SWJ, Hodgson DR and Bosward KL (2007) Elapid snake envenomation in dogs in New South Wales: a review. (lortsmith.com)
  • Severe envenomation can cause damage to the bitten extremity, bleeding, and vital organ damage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, we found that some systemic manifestations are not compatible with the etiology of snakebites , which leads us to believe that the problem could be the lack of knowledge of the health professionals at the site of envenomation, who may not be ready for attendance, and an important lack of health centers with snake antivenom to treat snakebites . (bvsalud.org)
  • Sometimes venom injection from the bite may occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • The number of venomous snakebites that occur each year may be as high as five million. (wikipedia.org)
  • Or a skin infection may occur at the site of the bite. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • In the United States, several thousand snakebites occur every year, resulting in fewer than 10 deaths. (medscape.com)
  • The majority of snakebites and deaths from these bites occur in rural areas, where access to health care services is limited, the researchers said. (kingsnake.com)
  • Most snakebites occur after the victim inadvertently wanders in to a snake's habitat. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Most snake bites occur on a limb, so legs, feet, arms and hands are most commonly affected. (naturalnews.com)
  • Most bites occur on the upper extremities. (merckmanuals.com)
  • 20,000/mcL) is common in severe rattlesnake bites and may occur alone or with other coagulopathies. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Proteinuria, hemoglobinuria, and myoglobinuria may occur in reaction to severe rattlesnake bites. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Most bites occur on the hand or foot. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Globally WHO estimates that there are between 81,000 and 138,000 snakebite-related deaths occur each year, and that long-term consequences for survivors (including amputation, other disabilities, and post-traumatic stress) affect at least 400,000 more2. (who.int)
  • An early attempt by WHO to quantify global mortality due to snakebite envenoming in 1954 was hampered by poor-quality data, yet arrived at an estimate of 30 000 to 40 000 deaths per year. (who.int)
  • This would indicate an upper limit for deaths due to snakebites similar to the lower limit reported in the other recent study.2 An estimated 400 000 people a year face permanent disabilities, including blindness, extensive scarring and contractures, restricted mobility and amputation following snakebite envenoming.3 The psychological effects of snakebite envenoming are underrecognized. (who.int)
  • It was a historical milestone that triggered a pipeline of funding dependent activities through four thematic pillars aimed at collectively halving snakebite deaths and disabilities by 2030. (haiweb.org)
  • Tragically, against the backdrop of COVID-19, snake bites are still causing deaths and disabilities at an alarming rate. (haiweb.org)
  • While deaths from snakebite are extremely rare, snake bites do happen and every one of them should be considered a potentially life-threatening emergency. (naturalnews.com)
  • More than 60,000 bites and stings are reported to poison centers and result in about 100 deaths each year in the US. (merckmanuals.com)
  • About 45,000 are snakebites (of which 7000 to 8000 are venomous and cause about 5 deaths). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Rattlesnakes account for the majority of snakebites and almost all deaths. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Rattlesnakes account for about 70% of venomous snakebites in the United States and for almost all of the deaths. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Snakebites can be terrifying but rarely cause deaths in the United States. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Fear following a bite is common with symptoms of a racing heart and feeling faint. (wikipedia.org)
  • Symptoms of a pit viper snakebite often appear from minutes to hours after a bite. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Symptoms usually manifest soon after a snake bite, so observing the victim is extremely important. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • If no symptoms have occurred within half an hour of the bite then indications would be that it was not a venomous snake, it failed to inject any venom or the snake was very old and had little or no venom left. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Pay attention to the following snake bite signs and symptoms. (cdc.gov)
  • What are symptoms of a snake bite? (childrens.com)
  • However, even if your child was bitten by a snake, they may not have any symptoms. (childrens.com)
  • If no symptoms of a venomous bite appear, you can take them home after 4 to 6 hours. (childrens.com)
  • If a bite is venomous, your child will receive supportive care to control pain and monitor their symptoms. (childrens.com)
  • Depending on the type of snake and what symptoms your child has, they may also receive antivenom to stop serious symptoms from occurring. (childrens.com)
  • Keep a record of the time of the bite, the victim's symptoms, and any first aid measures. (ufl.edu)
  • Anti-venom should be delivered within four hours of the bite and will be given until improvement in systemic symptoms is achieved. (ihavenet.com)
  • But because this is not always the case, knowing all of the signs and symptoms of snakebites is critical in order to promptly diagnose a victim. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Though the dry bite does not take life, it is painful and symptoms appear in the area of the bite. (siasat.com)
  • Only 15 patients exhibited severe symptoms, including a conservationist who had previously been bitten by an eastern green mamba and later died after being bitten by a king cobra. (discovermagazine.com)
  • It also helps identify the nine symptoms of spiritual poisoning when we are bitten. (prweb.com)
  • Officials at Logan Regional Hospital report they've seen six snake bite victims so far in 2011, including two within the past week. (foxnews.com)
  • Doctors say snake bite victims should seek medical help immediately. (foxnews.com)
  • To better understand the impact of coronavirus on snakebite victims, and how best to respond, it is essential that the voices and experiences of those directly treating victims and those experiencing snakebites within their own communities, are heard. (haiweb.org)
  • In the absence of treatment, snakebite envenoming results in high morbidity and mortality with grave socio-economic consequences for victims, families, and communities. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT We surveyed the records of 21 of the 28 snakebite victims seen at King Fahad National Guard Hospital in Riyadh over the 20-year period 1986-2005. (who.int)
  • Introduction to Bites and Stings Many creatures, including humans, bite when frightened or provoked. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Generally two puncture marks at the site of the bite. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Several fatalaties included people who had completed ill-conceived snake handler courses and been taught to "handle" with tongs and that most venomous bites are "dry bites" (not so). (smuggled.com)
  • Copperheads and, to a lesser extent, cottonmouths account for most other venomous bites. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Jan. 28, 2021 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- "Snake Bitten": a potent narrative that shares resounding perspectives that aid people in healing from pain and attain a renewed purpose in life. (prweb.com)
  • The venom of rattlesnakes and other pit vipers damages tissue around the bite. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The type of antivenom needed depends on the type of snake involved. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the type of snake is unknown, antivenom is often given based on the types known to be in the area. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antivenom has little effect on the area around the bite itself. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antivenom is available and may be administered by a veterinarian once the type of snake involved is ascertained. (lortsmith.com)
  • Jon Birkett, Melbourne Zoo, ( Zoos Victoria ) had a Tiger Snake bite requiring trip to hospital, intensive care and antivenom. (smuggled.com)
  • Dr Tri Maharani is a medical doctor by profession, yet her remit on snakebite consists of treating patients, educating communities, collecting incidence data, procuring life-saving antivenom and much more. (haiweb.org)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO), acting through its Regulation and Prequalification Department, is now calling for applications from licensed manufacturers of snake antivenom immunoglobulin products who wish to have those products evaluated for potential listing by WHO as recommended for procurement. (who.int)
  • 1 WHO may consider assessing a candidate snake antivenom product that does not meet all the above criteria. (who.int)
  • In some countries that use these products to address their significant snakebite problems there may be a lack regulatory capacity to assess the quality and specificity of the antivenom preparations manufactured in their country or coming into their countries. (who.int)
  • Do not apply a tourniquet to a bitten extremity. (ufl.edu)
  • Snakebite envenoming is a potentially life-threatening disease that typically results from the injection of a mixture of different toxins ("venom") following the bite of a venomous snake. (who.int)
  • About 50-55% of all snakebites result in envenoming. (who.int)
  • As for other neglected tropical diseases, estimation of global morbidity, disability and mortality due to snakebite envenoming is problematic. (who.int)
  • and a lack of systematic data collection on snakebite envenoming by health ministries. (who.int)
  • Snakebite envenoming. (who.int)
  • Snakebite envenoming affects people in predominantly poor, rural communities in tropical and subtropical countries throughout the world. (who.int)
  • There is a large body of literature demonstrating a strong association between low socioeconomic status or poverty and a high incidence of, and mortality due to, snakebite envenoming. (who.int)
  • 10-14 years of age), families living in poorly constructed housing, and people with limited access to education and health care are all particularly vulnerable.5,6,7,8 The prevalence of snakebite envenoming is inversely proportional to the level of country income: the prevalence is highest in low- and middle-income countries, and lowest in high-income countries. (who.int)
  • In the summer of 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched its highly anticipated global strategy on snakebite envenoming . (haiweb.org)
  • 3. If the product submitted is determined by WHO to demonstrate a risk-benefit ratio that justifies its use in treating snakebite envenoming, the manufacturer agrees, as a condition of listing, to submit an application for the product to be considered for subsequent WHO prequalification if and when an antivenoms prequalification procedure is established by WHO. (who.int)
  • The world's highest burden of snakebite envenoming morbidity and mortality occurs in the region bounded by Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka. (who.int)
  • Bites may result in the loss of a limb or other chronic problems or even death. (wikipedia.org)
  • An estimated 32,000 people in the region are killed each year by snakebites, and a further 100,000 are left disabled, often by severe injuries that require limb amputations. (cnn.com)
  • Immobilise the limb and restrict blood flow between the bite and the heart. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Immobilise the limb but do NOT restrict blood flow unless you are certain the bite was from a snake that delivers neurotoxic venom. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • If bitten on a limb, apply a firm bandage on the bite site. (redcross.org.au)
  • If your animal sustains a bite to a limb, a firm crepe bandage can be applied, along with a splint, to immobilize the limb and reduce circulation of the venom. (lortsmith.com)
  • If you've been bitten on a limb, applying a pressure immobilization bandage can stop the venom from moving through your lymphatic system. (naturalnews.com)
  • Bites by vipers and some cobras may be extremely painful, with the local tissue sometimes becoming tender and severely swollen within five minutes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Collectively, these crotalids, also known as pit vipers, account for greater than 95% of all native snake envenomations. (medscape.com)
  • Bites by most pit vipers rapidly cause pain. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A general consideration of snake poisoning and observations on neotropical pit-vipers / by Afranio do Amaral. (who.int)
  • Snake venoms are complex substances, chiefly proteins, with enzymatic activity. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Allergic reactions to snake venom can further complicate outcomes and can include anaphylaxis, requiring additional treatment and in some cases resulting in death. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment partly depends on the type of snake. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis and treatment of snakebites are no longer taught in medical and nursing schools. (cnn.com)
  • Treatment for a snake bite is defined according to whether the venom is cytotoxic, haemotoxic or neurotoxic and the wrong treatment will not only be of little or no help but could even be dangerous. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Try to see and remember the color and shape of the snake, which can help with treatment of the snake bite. (cdc.gov)
  • Religious bias infected a hospital's emergency treatment of a Kentucky woman who had been bitten while handling a rattlesnake during a church service, the woman's family alleges in an unusual wrongful-death suit. (courthousenews.com)
  • Concerned about the health of refugees from Bhutan and their Nepalese hosts, UNHCR has donated a portable ventilator for artificial respiration to the Nepal Red Cross Snake Bite Treatment Centre in Damak, eastern Nepal. (unhcr.org)
  • Her husband rushed her by motorbike to the Snake Bite Treatment Centre in Damak, some 22 kilometres away. (unhcr.org)
  • There are only two snake bite treatment centres in the region. (unhcr.org)
  • The Poison Control Center's toxicologists are trained on treatment of venomous snakebites and will consult with the ER doctor to ensure the victim receives the best care possible. (ufl.edu)
  • This will help the doctor and Poison Control Center toxicologist determine the severity of the bite and appropriate treatment. (ufl.edu)
  • The inability to reach medical care is one of the biggest issues in the treatment of venomous snake bites in Africa. (kingsnake.com)
  • At the hospital, staff have access to a range of tests that can help them determine the likely snake, which you have been bitten by, enabling them to give you the most appropriate treatment. (naturalnews.com)
  • Without treatment, tissue around the bite may be destroyed. (msdmanuals.com)
  • International Seminar on Epidemiology and Medical Treatment of Snake Bites / jointly organized by Japan Snake Institute, World Health Organization, August 25-28, 1980, Naha, Okinawa, Japan. (who.int)
  • Baseline epidemiological study on snakebite treatment and management : research project report / prepared by D. D. Joshi. (who.int)
  • Despite this high burden, snake antivenoms are often unavailable to those in need, hampering effective treatment, and when they are, they may have been prepared from poor quality snake venoms that are not regionally representative, or have been poorly designed and manufactured and have limited efficacy. (who.int)
  • Derived from Rauwolfia serpentina (a plant that for centuries has been used in India for the treatment of mental illness, insomnia, and snake bites), reserpine was introduced in the West as a treatment for schizophrenia. (medscape.com)
  • Antivenoms commercially available in India are inefficient in treating the effects of many snakebites, researchers say. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • If you aren't sure what type of snake or lizard bit you, call your provincial poison control centre right away to help identify the snake or lizard and find out what to do next. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • It is not necessary to identify the snake-trying to catch or kill the snake will likely result in someone else being bitten. (ufl.edu)
  • Do not delay seeking immediate medical attention or risk further injury to the victim or others in an attempt to identify the snake. (ufl.edu)
  • The boys are all sitting around a computer right now trying to identify the snake that bit him. (rainbowkids.com)
  • About 8,000 venomous snakebites are reported each year. (ihavenet.com)
  • According to the CDC, there are a 7,000 to 8,000 venomous snakebites every single year in the United States. (thesilverlining.com)
  • Keep the bitten person still and calm. (cdc.gov)
  • Keeping a snakebite victim calm can be challenging, but it is important since keeping them calm can slow the spread of the venom and can prevent them from going into shock. (thesilverlining.com)
  • As per experts' advice, those who encounter a snake must first stay calm and avoid poking it with a stick or picking it up. (siasat.com)
  • Enslin encouraged people to always call the police or an expert when they need to remove a snake from their yard and said it was very important to remain calm once you were bitten. (citizen.co.za)
  • While it is easier said than done, staying calm and still after a snake bite can help slow down the spread in your heart. (naturalnews.com)
  • After sustaining numerous snake bites over the years, a prominent serpent-handling minister and co-star of Snake Salvation died Saturday night after a rattlesnake bit him during a Kentucky church service . (christianitytoday.com)
  • I'd never treated a patient with a snakebite and thought they were quite uncommon - until a rattlesnake bit a friend of mine (now recovered). (ihavenet.com)
  • The venom may cause bleeding, kidney failure, a severe allergic reaction, tissue death around the bite, or breathing problems. (wikipedia.org)
  • If poison is released in the bite, about 35% of the bites have mild injections of poison (envenomations), 25% are moderate, and 10% to 15% are severe. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Moderate or severe pit viper poisoning commonly causes bruising of the skin 3 to 6 hours after the bite. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Commonly found on the east coast of Africa, the mamba has a bite that can kill humans within a day with venom that attacks the heart and nervous system. (cnn.com)
  • However, zoologists consulted by G1 later corrected that information: it was actually a young, 30-centimeter (11.8-inch) banded cat-eyed snake ( Leptodeira annulata ), which has venom but is not dangerous to humans. (autoevolution.com)
  • Immobilize the bite area if on an extremity and keep it lower than the victim's heart. (ufl.edu)
  • Wash the area of the bite with soap and water. (ufl.edu)
  • The days of applying crude tourniquets to the area of the bite, then making a cut and "sucking" out the venom are over. (ihavenet.com)
  • Do NOT put a tourniquet at the site, apply ice, or suction the area of the bite, as these actions are all thought to cause more tissue damage than benefit. (ihavenet.com)
  • Doctors in the region should also be trained to treat snake bites and administer anti-venom, Chippaux said. (kingsnake.com)
  • LOGAN, Utah - A northern Utah hospital is reporting an increase in snake sightings and bites this summer. (foxnews.com)
  • The hospital usually sees just one or two snake bites during an entire year. (foxnews.com)
  • Hospital spokeswoman Debbie Ostrander tells the Logan Herald Journal (http://bit.ly/op9kxk) that the numbers are highly unusual. (foxnews.com)
  • Still, if you know your child was bitten by a snake, you can take them to the hospital for observation. (childrens.com)
  • After a week in the local hospital recovering from the snake bite, Laxmi is back home and doing well. (unhcr.org)
  • As the snake did not release venom, he was discharged from the hospital after keeping him under observation for a day. (siasat.com)
  • For the first time in 40 years, local snake catcher Zane Barnard has been bitten by a snake, and has landed in hospital for two days. (citizen.co.za)
  • The small bite soon led to Barnard's whole arm swelling up and he spent the past two days in hospital. (citizen.co.za)
  • The snake handler was taken by helicopter to a hospital where he later died. (wcpo.com)
  • Below are some of a number of recent venomous snake bites that were life threatening (defined here as requiring, a rushed trip to hospital in an ambulance and/or Anti-venom) or fatal, that involved licenced reptile demonstrators, members of the public at their events and similar. (smuggled.com)
  • John Deutscher, has in a few short years had several serious bites from Death Adders requiring hasty trips to hospital and anti-venom. (smuggled.com)
  • Simon Watharow (of company Snakehandler fame) rushed to hospital for a serious Tiger Snake bite. (smuggled.com)
  • More recently, in January 2011, another "Snakehandler" employee, Paul Fisher was rushed to hospital after being bitten by a Brown Snake he'd mistreated. (smuggled.com)
  • Sean McCarthy (of company Snakehandler fame) and the more recent owner, was rushed to hospital for a Death Adder bite after mishandling it in one of his ill-fated and inapproriately named snake handler courses in November 2014. (smuggled.com)
  • Mike Taylor (again) from Healesville Sanctuary ( Zoos Victoria ) keeper who was rushed to Maroondah Hospital and treated for a Brown Snake bite. (smuggled.com)
  • NORTH PORT, Fla. (WBBH) - A Florida woman had to celebrate her 21st birthday in the hospital after a venomous snake bit her while she was on a hike. (wgem.com)
  • https://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/ Choose the 'reptile' category and 'snake' subcategory. (ufl.edu)
  • She found the snake in the driveway of her rural home outside of Sebring and since the reptile had bitten her and her son several times in the past without leaving a mark, she wasn't nervous about exposing her toddler. (yahoo.com)
  • Sometimes puncture wounds can be seen at site of the bite. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • At least 25%, and perhaps up to 50%, of bites are dry. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Animals that are bitten should be observed closely for at least 25 hours. (lortsmith.com)
  • Copperhead snake. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • She discovered Ginger, a beagle she commonly encounters during her route, had been bitten by a copperhead snake, according to People . (godtube.com)
  • The toxins in snake venoms are evolutionarily adapted to interact with a large variety of cellular targets in the organisms exposed to them. (who.int)
  • Each year, about 1 to 2 people in Texas die from snake bites. (childrens.com)
  • The name of the drink suggests an association with aggressive and, in many cases, dangerous imagery since a snake is something which most people would wish to avoid due to its often fatal consequences. (portmangroup.org.uk)
  • By the time the MTV Video Music Awards roll around tonight, there may not be many people left willing to attend: In the wake of Suge Knight's shooting overnight at a pre-VMAs party comes the news that during a rehearsal Friday for Nicki Minaj hit 'Anaconda,' a backup dancer was bitten by a snake-a snake that was decidedly not an anaconda. (newser.com)
  • Fortunately, with the advent of anti-venom, only six to eight people die each year from such bites. (ihavenet.com)
  • A mother who is being investigated for child abuse after allowing a snake to bite her baby as a learning lesson, says people should just stop being "sensitive" about the whole thing. (yahoo.com)
  • Most people know immediately if the were bitten by a snake. (thesilverlining.com)
  • 64.5 percent of bites occurred in males - and ten people were bitten on more than one occasion. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Before, people were not attending hospitals after a snakebite because often there was nothing there for them. (haiweb.org)
  • Reports of snake bites are common between April and October when more people are outside and active. (naturalnews.com)
  • Thirty years of data show that out of all those snake bites, no more than 12 people have died from snake bites in any single year. (naturalnews.com)
  • Many bites are a result of people trying to handle or kill the snake. (naturalnews.com)
  • Remember that the odds are in your people: it's rare for people to die after being bitten by a snake, especially if they follow first aid steps. (naturalnews.com)
  • Most bites occurred among people aged 20-39 years, mainly among rural workers . (bvsalud.org)
  • Not all bites inject venom, but if the wound oozes, venom was probably injected. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Onset of signs is usually within minutes but can be up to 25 hours after a bite. (lortsmith.com)
  • Proceedings of the Public Health and Medical Officers Training in Snakebite Management in Nepal, Bharatpur, Chitwan, 21-30 November 1998 / edited by D. D. Joshi, Mahendra K. Chhetri. (who.int)
  • She was connected to the portable ventilator and anti-snake venom was injected. (unhcr.org)
  • A common sign of a bite from a venomous snake is the presence of two puncture wounds from the animal's fangs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr Paula de Oliveira, who spoke at the event, works in the lab on improving snakebite treatments but she also understands the importance of community engagement. (haiweb.org)
  • And a dead snake, even one with a severed head, can still bite and release venom by reflex action for up to 90 minutes after it dies. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • After examining the dead snake for what seemed like several full minutes, he finally turned and asked if I was okay. (openwriting.com)
  • The Sonoran coral snake, Micruroides euryxanthus euryxanthus , is found in Arizona and western New Mexico. (medscape.com)
  • The Eastern coral snake, Micrurus fulvius , is confined to the Southeastern United States as far north as North Carolina and as far west as Mississippi. (medscape.com)
  • Texas coral snake, Micrurus tener. (medscape.com)
  • Comparison of the harmless Mexican milksnake, Lampropeltis triangulum annulata (top) with the Texas coral snake, Micrurus tener (bottom). (medscape.com)
  • If an animal bites you, clean the wound with soap and water as soon as possible. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The outcome depends on the type of snake, the area of the body bitten, the amount of snake venom injected, the general health of the person bitten and whether or not anti-venom serum has been administered by a doctor in a timely manner. (wikipedia.org)
  • Currently there is only enough anti-venom (also called antivenin) available in the region to treat about 10 percent of snakebite cases. (kingsnake.com)
  • He had about 14 Vials of Tiger Snake anti-venom. (smuggled.com)
  • Stuart Parker at Ballarat Wildlife Park, on about 1 March 2007, got a bite from a NW WA Death Adder, required anti-venom. (smuggled.com)
  • The 16-year-old stumbled from bushland into the middle of a suburban cricket game at Whalan on Saturday and collapsed from a heart attack after he had been bitten on the hand by an eastern brown snake. (smh.com.au)
  • Still, Sing-Yi Feng, M.D., F.A.A.P. , Emergency Medicine Physician at Children's Health℠ and Associate Professor at UT Southwestern, confirms that the Children's Health Emergency Department treats children for snake bites every year, especially in the warmer summer months. (childrens.com)
  • A 17-year-old was bitten by a snake in Caesarea on Sunday, Hebrew media reported the following day. (jpost.com)
  • Egyptologists have discovered a 2,500-year-old tomb just south of Cairo containing numerous magical sayings meant to ward off snake bites. (livescience.com)
  • Finding the venomous snake in his woodpile outside his home, Billiter took the decision to kill it rather than run the risk of his wife, four-year-old boy or dog come to harm. (softpedia.com)
  • More than 45,000 snakebites are reported in the U.S. each year. (ihavenet.com)
  • A mother allowed a red rat snake to bit her one-year-old as a learning experience. (yahoo.com)
  • An eight-year-old boy bite a cobra snake twice to death when it got wrapped around his hand. (siasat.com)
  • This is probably what happened to a 34-year-old woman in Montes Claros, Brazil: a small snake was hiding there and bit her hand on December 11. (autoevolution.com)
  • A record nine Australians died from snakebites this year! (smuggled.com)
  • A) Streptobacillus moniliformis -specific multilocus variant analysis (MLVA) for a 59- year-old man (snake keeper) with acute tetraplegia caused by rat bite fever. (cdc.gov)
  • North America's rarest snake, Tantilla oolitica (rim rock crowned snake), was recently spotted in a park in the Florida Keys after a four-year hiatus. (esa.org)
  • 589,919 snakebites per year resulting in 6,041 deaths4. (who.int)
  • Pit viper bites typically cause swelling, bruising and progression within minutes of the bite. (ihavenet.com)
  • In about 25% of all pit viper bites, venom is not injected. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Then swelling starts spreading out from the bite. (healthlinkbc.ca)
  • Bite causes instant pain, immediate swelling, bruising and blistering. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Bite can feel more like a sting with little or no bruising and swelling. (rentokil.co.uk)
  • Cobra and krait bites are common, producing potent neurotoxins that could lead to fatal respiratory paralysis. (unhcr.org)
  • Don't try to identify, catch, pick up or try to wrap it, injure or kill the snake as this will increase your chance of getting bitten again. (naturalnews.com)
  • Animal bites rarely are life-threatening, but if they become infected, you can develop serious medical problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • His daytime job consists of managing snakebite cases and saving lives but he also spends time outdoors, undertaking the risky but essential job of snake-removal and relocation. (haiweb.org)
  • Glen Clapton a keeper at Healesville Sanctuary ( Zoos Victoria ) from a Red-bellied Black Snake. (smuggled.com)
  • Mike Taylor also of Healesville Sanctuary ( Zoos Victoria ) was bitten by a Broad-headed Snake when getting it out of a bag. (smuggled.com)