Solanum melongena
Solanum
Genetically modified parthenocarpic eggplants: improved fruit productivity under both greenhouse and open field cultivation. (1/49)
BACKGROUND: Parthenocarpy, or fruit development in the absence of fertilization, has been genetically engineered in eggplant and in other horticultural species by using the DefH9-iaaM gene. The iaaM gene codes for tryptophan monoxygenase and confers auxin synthesis, while the DefH9 controlling regions drive expression of the gene specifically in the ovules and placenta. A previous greenhouse trial for winter production of genetically engineered (GM) parthenocarpic eggplants demonstrated a significant increase (an average of 33% increase) in fruit production concomitant with a reduction in cultivation costs. RESULTS: GM parthenocarpic eggplants have been evaluated in three field trials. Two greenhouse spring trials have shown that these plants outyielded the corresponding untransformed genotypes, while a summer trial has shown that improved fruit productivity in GM eggplants can also be achieved in open field cultivation. Since the fruits were always seedless, the quality of GM eggplant fruits was improved as well. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the DefH9-iaaM gene is expressed during late stages of fruit development. CONCLUSIONS: The DefH9-iaaM parthenocarpic gene is a biotechnological tool that enhances the agronomic value of all eggplant genotypes tested. The main advantages of DefH9-iaaM eggplants are: i) improved fruit productivity (at least 30-35%) under both greenhouse and open field cultivation; ii) production of good quality (marketable) fruits during different types of cultivation; iii) seedless fruit with improved quality. Such advantages have been achieved without the use of either male or female sterility genes. (+info)A comparative genetic linkage map of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and its implications for genome evolution in the solanaceae. (2/49)
A molecular genetic linkage map based on tomato cDNA, genomic DNA, and EST markers was constructed for eggplant, Solanum melongena. The map consists of 12 linkage groups, spans 1480 cM, and contains 233 markers. Comparison of the eggplant and tomato maps revealed conservation of large tracts of colinear markers, a common feature of genome evolution in the Solanaceae and other plant families. Overall, eggplant and tomato were differentiated by 28 rearrangements, which could be explained by 23 paracentric inversions and five translocations during evolution from the species' last common ancestor. No pericentric inversions were detected. Thus, it appears that paracentric inversion has been the primary mechanism for chromosome evolution in the Solanaceae. Comparison of relative distributions of the types of rearrangements that distinguish pairs of solanaceous species also indicates that the frequency of different chromosomal structural changes was not constant over evolutionary time. On the basis of the number of chromosomal disruptions and an approximate divergence time for Solanum, approximately 0.19 rearrangements per chromosome per million years occurred during the evolution of eggplant and tomato from their last ancestor. This result suggests that genomes in Solanaceae, or at least in Solanum, are evolving at a moderate pace compared to other plant species. (+info)Conservation of gene function in the solanaceae as revealed by comparative mapping of domestication traits in eggplant. (3/49)
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for domestication-related traits were identified in an interspecific F(2) population of eggplant (Solanum linnaeanum x S. melongena). Although 62 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified in two locations, most of the dramatic phenotypic differences in fruit weight, shape, color, and plant prickliness that distinguish cultivated eggplant from its wild relative could be attributed to six loci with major effects. Comparison of the genomic locations of the eggplant fruit weight, fruit shape, and color QTL with the positions of similar loci in tomato, potato, and pepper revealed that 40% of the different loci have putative orthologous counterparts in at least one of these other crop species. Overall, the results suggest that domestication of the Solanaceae has been driven by mutations in a very limited number of target loci with major phenotypic effects, that selection pressures were exerted on the same loci despite the crops' independent domestications on different continents, and that the morphological diversity of these four crops can be explained by divergent mutations at these loci. (+info)Eggplant latent viroid, the candidate type species for a new genus within the family Avsunviroidae (hammerhead viroids). (4/49)
Viroids, small circular RNAs that replicate independently and in most cases incite diseases in plants, are classified into the families Pospiviroidae, composed of species with a central conserved region (CCR) and without hammerhead ribozymes, and Avsunviroidae, composed of three members lacking CCR but able to self-cleave in both polarity strands through hammerhead ribozymes. Here we report the biological and molecular properties of Eggplant latent viroid (ELVd). Purified circular ELVd induces symptomless infections when inoculated into eggplant seedlings. ELVd can be transmitted horizontally and through seed. Sequencing 10 complete cDNA clones showed that ELVd is a circular RNA of 332 to 335 nucleotides with high variability. This RNA can adopt a quasi-rod-like secondary structure of minimal free energy and alternative foldings that permit formation of stable hammerhead structures in plus and minus strands. The ribozymes are active in vitro and, most likely, in vivo. Considering the ELVd properties to be intermediate between those of the two genera of family Avsunviroidae, we propose ELVd as the type species of a third genus with the name ELAVIROID: (+info)Estimating photosynthetic radiation use efficiency using incident light and photosynthesis of individual leaves. (5/49)
It has been theorized that photosynthetic radiation use efficiency (PhRUE) over the course of a day is constant for leaves throughout a canopy if leaf nitrogen content and photosynthetic properties are adapted to local light so that canopy photosynthesis over a day is optimized. To test this hypothesis, 'daily' photosynthesis of individual leaves of Solanum melongena plants was calculated from instantaneous rates of photosynthesis integrated over the daylight hours. Instantaneous photosynthesis was estimated from the photosynthetic responses to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and from the incident PAR measured on individual leaves during clear and overcast days. Plants were grown with either abundant or scarce N fertilization. Both net and gross daily photosynthesis of leaves were linearly related to daily incident PAR exposure of individual leaves, which implies constant PhRUE over a day throughout the canopy. The slope of these relationships (i.e. PhRUE) increased with N fertilization. When the relationship was calculated for hourly instead of daily periods, the regressions were curvilinear, implying that PhRUE changed with time of the day and incident radiation. Thus, linearity (i.e. constant PhRUE) was achieved only when data were integrated over the entire day. Using average PAR in place of instantaneous incident PAR increased the slope of the relationship between daily photosynthesis and incident PAR of individual leaves, and the regression became curvilinear. The slope of the relationship between daily gross photosynthesis and incident PAR of individual leaves increased for an overcast compared with a clear day, but the slope remained constant for net photosynthesis. This suggests that net PhRUE of all leaves (and thus of the whole canopy) may be constant when integrated over a day, not only when the incident PAR changes with depth in the canopy, but also when it varies on the same leaf owing to changes in daily incident PAR above the canopy. The slope of the relationship between daily net photosynthesis and incident PAR was also estimated from the photosynthetic light response curve of a leaf at the top of the canopy and from the incident PAR above the canopy, in place of that measured on individual leaves. The slope (i.e. net PhRUE) calculated in this simple way did not differ statistically from that calculated using data from individual leaves. (+info)Evidence for essential histidine and dicarboxylic amino-acid residues in the active site of UDP-glucose : solasodine glucosyltransferase from eggplant leaves. (6/49)
Effects of several chemical probes selectively modifying various amino-acid residues on the activity of UDP-glucose : solasodine glucosyltransferase from eggplant leaves was studied. It was shown that diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC), a specific modifier of histidine residues, was strongly inhibitory. However, in the presence of excessive amounts of the enzyme substrates, i.e. either UDP-glucose or solasodine, the inhibitory effect of DEPC was much weaker indicating that histidine (or histidines) are present in the active site of the enzyme. Our results suggest also that unmodified residues of glutamic (or aspartic) acid, lysine, cysteine, tyrosine and tryptophan are necessary for full activity of the enzyme. Reagents modifying serine and arginine residues have no effect on the enzyme activity. (+info)Bayesian estimation of genomic distance. (7/49)
We present a Bayesian approach to the problem of inferring the number of inversions and translocations separating two species. The main reason for developing this method is that it will allow us to test hypotheses about the underlying mechanisms, such as the distribution of inversion track lengths or rate constancy among lineages. Here, we apply these methods to comparative maps of eggplant and tomato, human and cat, and human and cattle with 170, 269, and 422 markers, respectively. In the first case the most likely number of events is larger than the parsimony value. In the last two cases the parsimony solutions have very small probability. (+info)Eggplant (Solanum melongena) extract does not alter serum lipid levels. (8/49)
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of eggplant extract on serum lipid levels with that of lovastatin. METHODS: The study included 21 individuals of both sexes, with total cholesterol (TC) levels > 200 mg/dL, no diabetes, no contraindication for the use of statins, and no use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, divided into the following 3 groups: 1) the eggplant group (B), in which the patients drank 1 glass of eggplant extract with orange juice before breakfast each morning; 2) the statin group (E), in which the patients received 20 mg of lovastatin in the evening after dinner; 3) control group (C), in which the patients received no treatment. Total cholesterol and fractions (HDL, LDL), and triglycerides were measured 3 times at 3-week intervals. RESULTS: The baseline lipid levels were similar in the 3 groups. After 6 weeks, a significant reduction in TC levels (from 245.29 +/- 41.69 to 205.71 +/- 46.45; P=0.02) and in LDL-cholesterol levels (from 170.83 +/- 41.76 to 121.29 +/- 44.90; P=0.008) was observed in group E. In group B, total cholesterol (from 230.60 +/- 19.30 to 240.20 +/- 16.22; P=0.27) and LDL-cholesterol (from 139.60 +/- 21.49 to 154.40 +/- 9.66; P=0.06) showed no statistically significant variation, as in group C. No significant variation was observed in the HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the 3 groups throughout the study. CONCLUSION: The eggplant extract with orange juice is not to be considered an alternative to statins in reducing serum levels of cholesterol. (+info)'Solanum melongena' is the scientific name for a plant species more commonly known as eggplant or aubergine. It belongs to the Solanaceae family, which also includes tomatoes, bell peppers, and potatoes. The eggplant fruit is widely consumed and used in various cuisines around the world.
While 'Solanum melongena' is a horticultural term related to the plant species, it does not have a direct medical definition. However, eggplants do have some nutritional and potential medicinal properties. They are low in calories and contain vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber. Some studies suggest that eggplants may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to their phenolic compounds. Nonetheless, it is essential to consult medical professionals or healthcare providers for advice on medicinal applications rather than relying on information about the plant's scientific name alone.
"Solanum" is a genus of flowering plants that includes many species, some of which are economically important as food crops and others which are toxic. The term "Solanum" itself does not have a specific medical definition, but several species within this genus are relevant to medicine and human health. Here are some examples:
1. Solanum lycopersicum (tomato): While tomatoes are primarily known as a food crop, they also contain various compounds with potential medicinal properties. For instance, they are rich in antioxidants like lycopene, which has been studied for its potential benefits in preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
2. Solanum tuberosum (potato): Potatoes are a staple food crop, but their leaves and green parts contain solanine, a toxic alkaloid that can cause gastrointestinal disturbances, neurological symptoms, and even death in severe cases.
3. Solanum melongena (eggplant): Eggplants have been studied for their potential health benefits due to their high antioxidant content, including nasunin, which has been shown to protect against lipid peroxidation and DNA damage.
4. Solanum nigrum (black nightshade): This species contains solanine and other toxic alkaloids, but some parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. However, its use as a medicinal herb is not well-established, and it can be toxic if improperly prepared or consumed in large quantities.
5. Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade): This species has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including treating skin conditions, respiratory ailments, and gastrointestinal complaints. However, its use as a medicinal herb is not well-supported by scientific evidence, and it can be toxic if ingested in large quantities.
In summary, "Solanum" refers to a genus of flowering plants that includes several species with relevance to medicine and human health. While some species are important food crops, others contain toxic compounds that can cause harm if improperly consumed or prepared. Additionally, the medicinal use of some Solanum species is not well-established and may carry risks.
"Solanaceae" is not a medical term but a taxonomic category in biology, referring to the Nightshade family of plants. This family includes several plants that have economic and medicinal importance, as well as some that are toxic or poisonous. Some common examples of plants in this family include:
- Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
- Solanum tuberosum (potato)
- Capsicum annuum (bell pepper and chili pepper)
- Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)
- Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade)
- Hyoscyamus niger (henbane)
While Solanaceae isn't a medical term itself, certain plants within this family have medical significance. For instance, some alkaloids found in these plants can be used as medications or pharmaceutical precursors, such as atropine and scopolamine from Atropa belladonna, hyoscine from Hyoscyamus niger, and capsaicin from Capsicum species. However, it's important to note that many of these plants also contain toxic compounds, so they must be handled with care and used only under professional supervision.
Eggplant (disambiguation)
Ralstonia solanacearum
Eggplant
Origins of North Indian and Pakistani foods
Janaki Ammal
Microlechia melongenae
Keiferia inconspicuella
Leucinodes rimavallis
Leucinodes pseudorbonalis
Scrobipalpa blapsigona
Dialectica sanctaecrucis
Euzophera perticella
List of Bohol flora and fauna
Phytophthora capsici
Platycorynus peregrinus
Autoba olivacea
Leucinodes africensis
Scrobipalpa ergasima
Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum
Solanum incanum
Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata
Moonshine by country
Phylogenetic inference using transcriptomic data
Phycita clientella
Leucinodes
Choanephora cucurbitarum
Scrobipalpa aptatella
Mir-390 microRNA precursor family
Lineodes integra
Solanum cerasiferum
Ichiban Eggplant - Solanum melongena
PDF) Germination Response of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Seeds to Different Vinegar Concentration as Seed Priming Agents
Solanum melongena | Plant Metabolic Network
African Journal of Agricultural Research - molecular characterization of some brinjal genotypes (solanum melongena l) using...
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Análisis de la expresión de genes candidatos para el desarrollo de espinas en Solanum melongena L.
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Indirect Organogenesis for Regeneration in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Var. KKM 1
Antifungal Effects of Solanum Melongena L Peel Extract Against Candida Albicans: In Vitro Study
Eggplant (disambiguation) - Wikipedia
Pengaruh Ukuran, Tingkat Kemasakan, dan Lama Penundaan Ekstraksi Buah terhadap Viabilitas Benih Terong (Solanum melongena L.)
Combining Ability Studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) | International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress...
Effect of dindigul tannery effluent on the growth of egg plant solanum melongena (l). using bioremediation process
QTL mapping in eggplant reveals clusters of yield-related loci and orthology with the tomato genome
Eggplant21
- The eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) is a member of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), domesticated from the South-Asian native plant Solanum incanum . (plantcyc.org)
- Draft genome sequence of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.): the representative solanum species indigenous to the old world. (plantcyc.org)
- The eggplant, aubergine, melongene, brinjal or guinea squash (Solanum melongena) is a plant of the family Solanaceae (also known as the nightshades) and genus Solanum. (justin.my)
- Eggplant plant (Solanum Melongena) is a valuable source of a vital vegetable. (plantsworld.ae)
- Eggplant plants (Solanum Melongena) could also be presented as eco-friendly gifts or green giftings to any enthusiastic green thumb individuals. (plantsworld.ae)
- EN] The spines are protuberances in the epidermis of the plant that arise from the modification of glandular trichomes, being one of the most unwanted characteristics of eggplant on a commercial level since they hinder the collection of the fruit, transport and therefore, its marketing. (upv.es)
- Eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) is an economically important vegetable requiring investigation into its various genomic functions. (jipb.net)
- Active compound that can be found in plants that act as an adjuvant therapy, such as Solanum melongena L. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Purple eggplant peel extract compared with nystatin against the growth inhibition of C. albicans. (jobiost.com)
- In spite of its widespread cultivation and nutritional and economic importance, the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) genome has not been extensively explored. (nih.gov)
- Although resistant genes to all these three pathogenes do not exist in eggplant cultivars, wild eggplant, Solanum torvum Sw can contain them. (agrifoodscience.com)
- For this purpose, pollen viability and germination levels of Aydın siyahı and Kemer eggplant cultivars and one wild form (Solanum torvum) were determined. (agrifoodscience.com)
- Analysis of Storage and Packaging Conditions on Physicochemical Characteristics of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L. (ub.ac.id)
- Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a horticultural product widely distributed in Indonesia and is an easily damaged commodity during storage. (ub.ac.id)
- indonesiensis PW1001 in Inducing Hypersensitive Response on Eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. (ppjonline.org)
- Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV) PW1001, a causal agent of potato wilt disease, induces hypersensitive response (HR) on its non-host eggplant ( Solanum melongena cv. (ppjonline.org)
- Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype I) RS1002 did not affect HR on the leaves of its non-host tobacco and wild eggplant Solanum torvum . (ppjonline.org)
- Effects of growth regulators on morphogenesis, development and function of the photosynthetic apparatus of eggplant ( Solanum melongena L. (org.ua)
- Advanced backcrosses (ABs) and introgression lines (ILs) of eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) can speed up genetics and genomics studies and breeding in this crop. (frontiersin.org)
- We have developed the first full set of ABs and ILs in eggplant using Solanum incanum , a wild eggplant that has a relatively high tolerance to drought, as a donor parent. (frontiersin.org)
- while other major crops in the genus Solanum and in the family Solanaceae, like tomato, potato, pepper, tobacco, and petunia, have been widely studied from the genetic and genomic points of view, developments in eggplant genomics have lagged behind. (frontiersin.org)
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and turkey berry (Solanum torvum Sw. (bvsalud.org)
Brinjal5
- Indirect Organogenesis for Regeneration in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Var. (ijcmas.com)
- Combining Ability Studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L. (pphouse.org)
- Tracing of contamination level of organochlorine pesticides in bottle gourd ( Lagenaria siceraria ), sponge gourd ( Luffa aegyptiaca ), Brinjal ( Solanum melongena ), plum ( Prunus domestica ), Kiwi ( Actinidia deliciosa ) and pineapple ( Ananas comosus ). (cabi.org)
- Behavior of insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam in brinjal Solanum melongena Linn. (cabi.org)
- Brinjal ( Solanum melongena ) is a versatile crop infected by several insects and pests. (notulaebiologicae.ro)
Lycopersicum1
- Potential of exogenously sourced kinetin in protecting Solanum lycopersicum from NaCl-induced oxidative stress through up-regulation of the antioxidant system, ascorbate-glutathione cycle and glyoxalase system. (org.ua)
Seeds1
- To do this, plants of Solanum melongena L. and Solanum insanum were used, without prickles and with prickles, respectively, were harvested in a greenhouse from seeds from the COMAV (Instituto de la Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana) germplasm bank. (upv.es)
Species1
- The goal of this project was to study the expression of these genes to elucidate their biological role in the development of spines in Solanum melongena L. to take advantage of this information for the genetic improvement of the species. (upv.es)
Torvum1
- However interspecific crosses cannot be achieved because of the sexual incompatibility between Solanum torvum and Solanum melongena. (agrifoodscience.com)
Vegetable1
- Solanum Melongena are edible vegetable crops that could be grown easily in presence of full sunlight to partial shade conditions. (plantsworld.ae)
Genes5
- Análisis de la expresión de genes candidatos para el desarrollo de espinas en Solanum melongena L. (upv.es)
- En trabajos previos, se mapeó el caracter de la espinosidad en una región de 150 kb en el cromosoma 6, donde se identificó una serie de genes candidatos. (upv.es)
- La meta de este proyecto fue estudiar la expresión de dichos genes con el objetivo de elucidar su papel biológico en el desarrollo de espinas en Solanum melongena L., para asà aprovechar esta información para la mejora genética de la especie. (upv.es)
- La expresión génica fue normalizada el gen de referencia TIP41, para determinar si existÃa o no sobreexpresión estadÃsticamente significativa de dos genes candidatos en las plantas con espinas, como fueron ARF18 y GATA11. (upv.es)
- No se hallaron diferencias significativas de expresión en dichos genes, aunque es recomendable seguir con las pruebas para confirmar categóricamente los resultados obtenidos. (upv.es)
International Journal1
- Antifungal Effects of Solanum Melongena L Peel Extract Against Candida Albicans: In Vitro Study', International Journal of BioLife Sciences (IJBLS) , 1(Issue 2), pp. 89-95. (jobiost.com)
SOLANACEAE3
- 5. In vitro leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities of the glycoalkaloids from Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae) fruits. (nih.gov)
- A plant species of the genus SOLANUM , family SOLANACEAE . (nih.gov)
- Especie de plantas del género SOLANUM, de la familia SOLANACEAE. (bvsalud.org)
Tuberosum1
- 2008. Effect of Vermicompost on the Productivity of Potato ( Solanum tuberosum ), Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea ) and Turnip ( Brassica campestris ). (innspub.net)
TERUNG2
- Pengaruh berbagai dosis nitrogen dan waktu pemberian pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman terung hijau (Solanum melongena L. (undip.ac.id)
- 2014. Respon pertumbuhan tanaman terung (Solanum melongena L.) terhadap pemberian kompos berbahan dasar tongkol jagung dan kotoran kambing. (undip.ac.id)
Eggplants1
- 11. Alpha-solasonine and alpha-solamargine contents of gboma (Solanum macrocarpon L.) and scarlet (Solanum aethiopicum L.) eggplants. (nih.gov)
Nigrum3
- 2. Induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells by solamargine from Solanum nigrum L. (nih.gov)
- 6. Purification, antitumor activity in vitro of steroidal glycoalkaloids from black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L. (nih.gov)
- 18. Bioactive steroidal alkaloids from the fruits of Solanum nigrum. (nih.gov)
Terhadap2
- Pengaruh Dosis POC Kulit Pisang dan Guano terhadap Pertumbuhan Terong Ungu (Solanum melongena L. (unipas.ac.id)
- Pengaruh Pemangkasan Dan Pemberian Pupuk Majemuk Terhadap Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L ). Universitas Muhammadiyah. (unipas.ac.id)
Esculentum2
Dunal5
Shrub2
Fruit1
- 1. Bioactive glycoalkaloides isolated from Solanum melongena fruit peels with potential anticancer properties against hepatocellular carcinoma cells. (nih.gov)
Quality1
- This paper deals with the evaluation of the effects of five different vermicompost applied at four different concentrations on seed germination and seedling quality of Solanum melongena var. (innspub.net)
Large1
- Solanum quitoense, Naranjilla, is a subtropical perennial plant with large heartshaped or oval-shaped leaves and growing usually up to 3 m in height. (pfaf.org)