Staphylococcal skin infections. Medical search. Definitions

3-Acetyl-5-sec-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-one. A metabolite found in a strain of the fungus Alternaria tenuis Auct. which functions as an antibiotic with antiviral and antineoplastic properties, and may also act as a mycotoxin.

Infections to the skin caused by bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.

Skin diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, or viruses.

Skin diseases caused by bacteria.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

'Skin diseases' is a broad term for various conditions affecting the skin, including inflammatory disorders, infections, benign and malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and degenerative diseases, which can cause symptoms such as rashes, discoloration, eruptions, lesions, itching, or pain.

Skin diseases caused by viruses.

A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose.

Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.

Any purulent skin disease (Dorland, 27th ed).

A strain of Staphylococcus aureus that is non-susceptible to the action of METHICILLIN. The mechanism of resistance usually involves modification of normal or the presence of acquired PENICILLIN BINDING PROTEINS.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group A hemolytic Streptococcus that can cause SCARLET FEVER and RHEUMATIC FEVER.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

Pore forming proteins originally discovered for toxic activity to LEUKOCYTES. They are EXOTOXINS produced by some pathogenic STAPHYLOCOCCUS and STREPTOCOCCUS that destroy leukocytes by lysis of the cytoplasmic granules and are partially responsible for the pathogenicity of the organisms.

Infections of non-skeletal tissue, i.e., exclusive of bone, ligaments, cartilage, and fibrous tissue. The concept is usually referred to as skin and soft tissue infections and usually subcutaneous and muscle tissue are involved. The predisposing factors in anaerobic infections are trauma, ischemia, and surgery. The organisms often derive from the fecal or oral flora, particularly in wounds associated with intestinal surgery, decubitus ulcer, and human bites. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1688)

Territory in north central Australia, between the states of Queensland and Western Australia. Its capital is Darwin.

Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS.

Comparison of efficacies of oral levofloxacin and oral ciprofloxacin in a rabbit model of a staphylococcal abscess. (1/393)

Oral levofloxacin was compared to oral ciprofloxacin in a Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneous abscess model in rabbits. Rabbits were surgically prepared with subcutaneous wiffle balls (43 mm in diameter) and allowed to recover for 4 to 6 weeks. Rabbits were infected by direct injection into the capsule with S. aureus ATCC 29213 (5 x 10(5) CFU) and were allowed to remain infected for 8 days before the initiation of anti-infective treatment. Efficacy was determined by assessing the bacterial load within the capsule over a 10-day treatment period. In single-dose pharmacokinetic studies in infected rabbits, similar area under the concentration-time curve/MIC ratios were obtained in the plasma and abscess fluid for levofloxacin at 45 mg/kg of body weight and ciprofloxacin at 200 mg/kg of body weight. Similar efficacies were seen with levofloxacin at 45 mg/kg/day and ciprofloxacin 400 mg/kg/day by day 10. In this model, levofloxacin was significantly more efficacious than ciprofloxacin (P < 0.01). (+info)

Staphylococcal toxin-induced T cell proliferation in atopic eczema correlates with increased use of superantigen-reactive Vbeta-chains in cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA)-positive lymphocytes. (2/393)

Staphylococcal superantigens have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). This may occur through superantigenic activation of T lymphocytes and their subsequent induction of the skin homing receptor CLA on activated cells. We investigated the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 10 patients with an infective exacerbation of AD and six normal controls to the staphylococcal superantigens, staphylococcal enterotoxin A and B (SEA, SEB) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), and the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A). We also assessed CLA and T cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta-chain expression by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry before and after stimulation. PBMC from AD patients showed two-fold increased proliferation to SEA and SEB (P < 0.01) compared with normals, whereas the response to mitogenic stimulation was identical. Analysis of (TCR) Vbeta-chain expression demonstrated increased use of superantigen-reactive Vbeta families in freshly isolated PBMC in AD patients compared with controls. This pattern of Vbeta-chain expression was only observed in the CLA+ but not the total population of T cells. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the enhanced PBMC proliferative response and increased expression of superantigen-reactive Vbeta families in atopic patients. These data support the concept that superantigens are important in the pathogenesis of this common condition, and also provide evidence that the increased use of certain Vbeta families in circulating, CLA+, skin homing lymphocytes is of functional significance. (+info)

Role of neutrophil leukocytes in cutaneous infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. (3/393)

Despite the high prevalence of cutaneous infections, little is known about the role of host immune responsiveness during Staphylococcus aureus dermatitis. We have recently described a murine model of infectious dermatitis induced by superantigen-producing S. aureus. To assess the role of neutrophils in staphylococcal dermatitis, mice were given granulocyte-depleting monoclonal antibody prior to and on several occasions following intracutaneous inoculation with staphylococci. The granulocyte-depleted mice that had been intradermally inoculated with S. aureus developed crusted ulcerations which tended not to heal, whereas animals injected with control monoclonal antibody displayed only minor and transient skin lesions. The finding of severe ulcerations in neutropenic mice correlated with a significantly higher burden of bacteria in the blood and skin during the early phase of the infection. Importantly, while mice with an intact granulocyte population showed only limited skin infection, bacteremia occurred in the great majority of the neutrophil-depleted animals. As a consequence, the latter individuals exhibited significantly increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and specific antibodies to staphylococcal cell wall components and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in the serum. Our data point to a crucial protective role of granulocytes in S. aureus dermatitis. (+info)

In Staphylococcus aureus, fur is an interactive regulator with PerR, contributes to virulence, and Is necessary for oxidative stress resistance through positive regulation of catalase and iron homeostasis. (4/393)

The Staphylococcus aureus genome encodes three ferric uptake repressor (Fur) homologues: Fur, PerR, and Zur. To determine the exact role of Fur in S. aureus, we inactivated the fur gene by allelic replacement using a tetracycline resistance cassette, creating strain MJH010 (fur). The mutant had a growth defect in rich medium, and this defect was exacerbated in metal-depleted CL medium. This growth defect was partially suppressed by manganous ion, a metal ion with known antioxidant properties. This suggests that the fur mutation leads to an oxidative stress condition. Indeed, MJH010 (fur) has reduced levels of catalase activity resulting from decreased katA transcription. Using a katA-lacZ fusion we have determined that Fur functions, either directly or indirectly, as an iron-dependent positive regulator of katA expression. Transcription of katA is coregulated by Fur and PerR, since in MJH010 (fur) transcription was still repressed by manganese while transcription in MJH201 (fur perR) was unresponsive to the presence of iron or manganese. Siderophore biosynthesis was repressed by iron in 8325-4 (wild-type) but in MJH010 (fur) was constitutive. A number of putative Fur-regulated genes were identified in the incomplete genome databases using known S. aureus Fur box sequences. Of those tested, the sstABCD and sirABC operons and the fhuD2 and orf4 genes were found to have Fur-regulated expression. MJH010 (fur) was attenuated (P<0.04) in a murine skin abscess model of infection, as was double-mutant MJH201 (fur perR) (P<0.03). This demonstrates the importance in vivo of iron homeostasis and oxidative stress resistance regulation in S. aureus. (+info)

Skin disease presenting as an outbreak of pseudobacteremia in a laboratory worker. (5/393)

An outbreak of pseudobacteremia due to Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci [GAS]) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was traced to the venting procedure for aerobic bottles prior to their loading into the incubator of the BacT/Alert analyzer (Organon Teknika). Bacteria shed by a laboratory worker suffering from impetigo and cellulitis contaminated the aerobic bottles of 10 patients. All blood culture isolates, in addition to the isolates from the laboratory worker, were of the same GAS M and T types. All MSSA isolates from blood cultures and the index case's hands had the same lytic phage profile. Procedural breakdowns were identified in the laboratory. Bottles were vented outside the biological safety cabinet, gloves were not worn, and unprotected needles were used for the venting procedure. The source of the aspirated bacteria that contaminated the bottles was identified and the index case was treated promptly. (+info)

Sepsis as an unusual event in dyskeratosis follicularis. (6/393)

Dyskeratosis follicularis is a genetic disorder characterized by pathogenetic changes of keratinization. We report on a severe case of the disease with an unusual manifestation involving Staphylococcal sepsis. The patient was treated systemically with infusions, oral antibiotics, and retinoids. Antiseptics, keratolytic ointments, and creams were given topically to promote epithelization. His condition improved dramatically after 14 days of treatment. All erosions of the trunk, extremities, neck, and head had epithelized. We suspect that extreme sun exposure and neglect of care on genetically susceptible sites triggered the sepsis. (+info)

Immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis: endotoxin accelerates atherosclerosis in rabbits on hypercholesterolemic diet. (7/393)

BACKGROUND: On the basis of our concept that atherosclerosis has an immunopathological background, we tested whether activation of the innate immune system influences its progression. METHODS AND RESULTS: Hypercholesterolemic (0.5% wt/wt diet) rabbits received either repeated intravenous injections of endotoxin (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide 1.25 to 2.5 microg, once per week) or a self-limiting cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection with or without a quinolone antibiotic. Measured laboratory parameters, including LDL and HDL cholesterols, were similar in the different groups of hypercholesterolemic animals. All endotoxin-treated animals developed transient episodes of fever after endotoxin administration. The extent of atherosclerosis was evaluated by computer-assisted morphometry in the aortas en face (Sudan IV) and by histology at 8 weeks after start of the experiments. Endotoxin-treated animals exhibited significantly accelerated atherosclerosis compared with control animals (141+/-38 versus 45+/-16 mm(3) total lesion volume, n=7 to 9 rabbits each, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nonspecific stimulation of the innate immune system accelerates cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. These data support the concept that atherosclerosis has an immunopathological component and render it improbable that a single infectious agent should assume particular importance in its initiation or progression. (+info)

A combination of roxithromycin and imipenem as an antimicrobial strategy against biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. (8/393)

We examined the effects of a combination of roxithromycin and imipenem on a biofilm model of Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with roxithromycin alone and imipenem alone did not decrease the number of viable bacterial cells compared with the control. However, a combination treatment of roxithromycin and imipenem significantly decreased the number of viable bacterial cells on day 8 after inoculation in the in vivo model (P < 0.01). On days 5 and 8 after inoculation, numerous polymorphonuclear leucocytes and macrophages invaded the bacterial clusters in the roxithromycin- and roxithromycin/imipenem-treated groups, but did not invade the control or imipenem-treated groups. The present study indicated that a combination of roxithromycin and imipenem is a potentially effective treatment for S. aureus biofilm-associated skin infections as it can induce the invasion of polymorphonuclear leucocytes into the biofilm. (+info)

Tenuazonic acid is a mycotoxin, which is a toxic compound produced by certain types of fungi. It is primarily produced by the fungus Alternaria spp., and can be found in various food sources such as grains, vegetables, and fruits that have been contaminated with this fungus.

Tenuazonic acid has been reported to have several toxic effects, including neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity. It has also been shown to inhibit protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which can lead to cell death. Exposure to tenuazonic acid can occur through the ingestion of contaminated food or inhalation of contaminated air.

It is important to note that exposure to high levels of tenuazonic acid can be harmful to human health, and regulatory bodies have set limits on the allowable levels of this mycotoxin in food and feed. However, further research is needed to fully understand the potential health risks associated with exposure to tenuazonic acid.

Staphylococcal skin infections are a type of skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria, which commonly live on the skin and inside the nose without causing harm. However, if they enter the body through a cut or scratch, they can cause an infection.

There are several types of staphylococcal skin infections, including:

1. Impetigo: A highly contagious superficial skin infection that typically affects children and causes red, fluid-filled blisters that burst and leave a yellowish crust.
2. Folliculitis: An inflammation of the hair follicles that causes red, pus-filled bumps or pimples on the skin.
3. Furunculosis: A deeper infection of the hair follicle that forms a large, painful lump or boil under the skin.
4. Cellulitis: A potentially serious bacterial infection that affects the deeper layers of the skin and can cause redness, swelling, warmth, and pain in the affected area.
5. Abscess: A collection of pus that forms in the skin, often caused by a staphylococcal infection.

Treatment for staphylococcal skin infections typically involves antibiotics, either topical or oral, depending on the severity and location of the infection. In some cases, drainage of pus or other fluids may be necessary to promote healing. Preventing the spread of staphylococcal skin infections involves good hygiene practices, such as washing hands frequently, covering wounds and cuts, and avoiding sharing personal items like towels or razors.

Infectious skin diseases are conditions characterized by an infection or infestation of the skin caused by various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. These organisms invade the skin, causing inflammation, redness, itching, pain, and other symptoms. Examples of infectious skin diseases include:

1. Bacterial infections: Cellulitis, impetigo, folliculitis, and MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infections are examples of bacterial skin infections.
2. Viral infections: Herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and molluscum contagiosum are common viruses that can cause skin infections.
3. Fungal infections: Tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea corporis (ringworm), candidiasis (yeast infection), and pityriasis versicolor are examples of fungal skin infections.
4. Parasitic infestations: Scabies, lice, and bed bugs are examples of parasites that can cause infectious skin diseases.

Treatment for infectious skin diseases depends on the underlying cause and may include topical or oral antibiotics, antiviral medications, antifungal treatments, or insecticides to eliminate parasitic infestations. Proper hygiene, wound care, and avoiding contact with infected individuals can help prevent the spread of infectious skin diseases.

Bacterial skin diseases are a type of infectious skin condition caused by various species of bacteria. These bacteria can multiply rapidly on the skin's surface when given the right conditions, leading to infection and inflammation. Some common bacterial skin diseases include:

1. Impetigo: A highly contagious superficial skin infection that typically affects exposed areas such as the face, hands, and feet. It is commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria.
2. Cellulitis: A deep-skin infection that can spread rapidly and involves the inner layers of the skin and underlying tissue. It is often caused by Group A Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
3. Folliculitis: An inflammation of hair follicles, usually caused by an infection with Staphylococcus aureus or other bacteria.
4. Furuncles (boils) and carbuncles: Deep infections that develop from folliculitis when the infection spreads to surrounding tissue. A furuncle is a single boil, while a carbuncle is a cluster of boils.
5. Erysipelas: A superficial skin infection characterized by redness, swelling, and warmth in the affected area. It is typically caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria.
6. MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infections: Skin infections caused by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus that has developed resistance to many antibiotics, making it more difficult to treat.
7. Leptospirosis: A bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil and characterized by flu-like symptoms and skin rashes.

Treatment for bacterial skin diseases usually involves the use of topical or oral antibiotics, depending on the severity and location of the infection. In some cases, drainage of pus-filled abscesses may be necessary to promote healing. Proper hygiene and wound care can help prevent the spread of these infections.

In medical terms, the skin is the largest organ of the human body. It consists of two main layers: the epidermis (outer layer) and dermis (inner layer), as well as accessory structures like hair follicles, sweat glands, and oil glands. The skin plays a crucial role in protecting us from external factors such as bacteria, viruses, and environmental hazards, while also regulating body temperature and enabling the sense of touch.

Skin diseases, also known as dermatological conditions, refer to any medical condition that affects the skin, which is the largest organ of the human body. These diseases can affect the skin's function, appearance, or overall health. They can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, allergies, environmental factors, and aging.

Skin diseases can present in many different forms, such as rashes, blisters, sores, discolorations, growths, or changes in texture. Some common examples of skin diseases include acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, fungal infections, viral infections, bacterial infections, and skin cancer.

The symptoms and severity of skin diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and individual factors. Some skin diseases are mild and can be treated with over-the-counter medications or topical creams, while others may require more intensive treatments such as prescription medications, light therapy, or even surgery.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any unusual or persistent changes in your skin, as some skin diseases can be serious or indicative of other underlying health conditions. A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

Skin diseases of viral origin are conditions that affect the skin caused by viral infections. These infections can lead to various symptoms such as rashes, blisters, papules, and skin lesions. Some common examples of viral skin diseases include:

1. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection: This causes cold sores or genital herpes, which are characterized by small, painful blisters on the skin.
2. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection: This causes chickenpox and shingles, which are characterized by itchy, fluid-filled blisters on the skin.
3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection: This causes warts, which are small, rough growths on the skin.
4. Molluscum contagiosum: This is a viral infection that causes small, raised, and pearly white bumps on the skin.
5. Measles: This is a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, and a rash that spreads all over the body.
6. Rubella: Also known as German measles, this viral infection causes a red rash on the face and neck that spreads to the rest of the body.

Viral skin diseases can be spread through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated objects, such as towels or bedding. Some viral skin diseases can be prevented through vaccination, while others can be treated with antiviral medications or other therapies.

Impetigo is a common and highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and children. It is caused by two types of bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus). The infection typically occurs in areas of the body with broken or damaged skin, such as cuts, scrapes, insect bites, or rashes.

There are two forms of impetigo: non-bullous and bullous. Non-bullous impetigo, also known as crusted impetigo, begins as small blisters or pimples that quickly rupture, leaving a yellowish-crusted, honey-colored scab. These lesions can be itchy and painful, and they often occur around the nose, mouth, and hands. Non-bullous impetigo is more commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Bullous impetigo, on the other hand, is characterized by larger fluid-filled blisters that are usually painless and do not itch. These blisters can appear anywhere on the body but are most common in warm, moist areas such as the armpits, groin, or diaper region. Bullous impetigo is primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Impetigo is typically treated with topical antibiotics, such as mupirocin (Bactroban) or retapamulin (Altabax), applied directly to the affected area. In more severe cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed. It is essential to cover the lesions and maintain good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of impetigo to others.

Dermatomycoses are a group of fungal infections that affect the skin, hair, and nails. These infections are caused by various types of fungi, including dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. Dermatophyte infections, also known as tinea, are the most common type of dermatomycoses and can affect different areas of the body, such as the scalp (tinea capitis), beard (tinea barbae), body (tinea corporis), feet (tinea pedis or athlete's foot), hands (tinea manuum), and nails (tinea unguium or onychomycosis). Yeast infections, such as those caused by Candida albicans, can lead to conditions like candidal intertrigo, vulvovaginitis, and balanitis. Mold infections are less common but can cause skin disorders like scalded skin syndrome and phaeohyphomycosis. Dermatomycoses are typically treated with topical or oral antifungal medications.

Pyoderma is a term used in medicine to describe a bacterial skin infection. It's derived from two Greek words: "pyon" meaning pus and "derma" meaning skin.

The infection can result in inflammation, often characterized by redness, swelling, warmth, and pain. Pus-filled blisters or boils may also form, which can rupture and crust over as the infection progresses.

Pyoderma can occur in people of all ages but is particularly common in children. The causative bacteria are often Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. The condition can be superficial, affecting only the top layer of the skin (epidermis), or it can be deeper, involving the dermis and/or subcutaneous tissue.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics, either topical or oral, depending on the severity and extent of the infection. In some cases, drainage of pus-filled abscesses may be necessary. Preventive measures such as good hygiene and keeping skin clean and dry can help reduce the risk of pyoderma.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics, including methicillin and other related antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin. This bacterium can cause a range of infections, from skin infections to more severe and potentially life-threatening conditions such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and surgical site infections.

MRSA is often associated with healthcare settings, where it can spread through contaminated surfaces, equipment, and direct contact with an infected person or carrier. However, community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) has also emerged as a significant public health concern, causing infections outside of healthcare facilities, such as in schools, gyms, and other community settings.

It's important to note that while MRSA is resistant to certain antibiotics, there are still some treatment options available for MRSA infections, including vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, and others. However, the emergence of MRSA strains with reduced susceptibility to these antibiotics has become a growing concern, highlighting the importance of infection control measures and the development of new antimicrobial agents.

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive, beta-hemolytic streptococcus bacterium that causes various suppurative (pus-forming) and nonsuppurative infections in humans. It is also known as group A Streptococcus (GAS) due to its ability to produce the M protein, which confers type-specific antigenicity and allows for serological classification into more than 200 distinct Lancefield groups.

S. pyogenes is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, including pharyngitis (strep throat), impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. In rare cases, it can lead to invasive diseases such as necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).

The bacterium is typically transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected skin lesions. Effective prevention strategies include good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items, as well as prompt recognition and treatment of infections to prevent spread.

Staphylococcus aureus is a type of gram-positive, round (coccal) bacterium that is commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals and humans. It is a facultative anaerobe, which means it can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen.

Staphylococcus aureus is known to cause a wide range of infections, from mild skin infections such as pimples, impetigo, and furuncles (boils) to more severe and potentially life-threatening infections such as pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. It can also cause food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome.

The bacterium is often resistant to multiple antibiotics, including methicillin, which has led to the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains that are difficult to treat. Proper hand hygiene and infection control practices are critical in preventing the spread of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA.

Leukocidins are a type of protein toxin produced by some strains of bacteria. They are capable of lysing or destroying white blood cells (leukocytes), hence the name "leukocidins." These toxins contribute to the virulence of the bacteria, helping them evade the immune system and cause infection. A well-known example is Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), which is produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus and has been associated with severe, invasive infections such as necrotizing pneumonia and skin abscesses.

Soft tissue infections are medical conditions that involve infection of the soft tissues of the body, which include the skin, muscles, fascia (the connective tissue that surrounds muscles), and tendons. These infections can be caused by various types of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.

Soft tissue infections can range from mild to severe, depending on the type of organism causing the infection, the extent of tissue involvement, and the patient's overall health status. Some common types of soft tissue infections include:

1. Cellulitis: This is a bacterial infection that affects the skin and underlying tissues. It typically presents as a red, swollen, warm, and painful area on the skin, often accompanied by fever and chills.
2. Abscess: An abscess is a localized collection of pus in the soft tissues, caused by an infection. It can appear as a swollen, tender, and warm lump under the skin, which may be filled with pus.
3. Necrotizing fasciitis: This is a rare but severe soft tissue infection that involves the rapid destruction of fascia and surrounding tissues. It is often caused by a mixture of bacteria and can progress rapidly, leading to shock, organ failure, and even death if not treated promptly.
4. Myositis: This is an inflammation of the muscle tissue, which can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Symptoms may include muscle pain, swelling, weakness, and fever.
5. Erysipelas: This is a superficial skin infection that affects the upper layers of the skin and the lymphatic vessels. It typically presents as a raised, red, and painful rash with clear borders.

Treatment for soft tissue infections depends on the type and severity of the infection but may include antibiotics, drainage of pus or abscesses, and surgery in severe cases. Preventive measures such as good hygiene, wound care, and prompt treatment of injuries can help reduce the risk of developing soft tissue infections.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Northern Territory" is not a medical term. It is a geographical and political term referring to a federal territory in Australia. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!

Streptococcal infections are a type of infection caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria (Streptococcus pyogenes). These bacteria can cause a variety of illnesses, ranging from mild skin infections to serious and potentially life-threatening conditions such as sepsis, pneumonia, and necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease).

Some common types of streptococcal infections include:

* Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) - an infection of the throat and tonsils that can cause sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.
* Impetigo - a highly contagious skin infection that causes sores or blisters on the skin.
* Cellulitis - a bacterial infection of the deeper layers of the skin and underlying tissue that can cause redness, swelling, pain, and warmth in the affected area.
* Scarlet fever - a streptococcal infection that causes a bright red rash on the body, high fever, and sore throat.
* Necrotizing fasciitis - a rare but serious bacterial infection that can cause tissue death and destruction of the muscles and fascia (the tissue that covers the muscles).

Treatment for streptococcal infections typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect a streptococcal infection, as prompt treatment can help prevent serious complications.

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https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/214222-guidelines

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https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/appendix/type-duration-precautions.html

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https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/1/11-1740-t4.htm

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https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/228816-medication

... vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections, nosocomial pneumonia, complicated skin and skin structure infections such as ... Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcal Infections 600 mg PO/IV q12hr. Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus. 600 mg PO/IV ... Complicated Skin & Skin Structure Infections 600 mg PO/IV q12hr for 10-14 days ... Uncomplicated Skin & Skin Structure Infections. 400-600 mg PO q12hr for 10-14 days ...

http://reference.medscape.com/drug/zyvox-linezolid-342574

Categories: Staphylococcal Skin Infections Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Staphylococcal+Skin+Infections&parentid=31436&catid=24345

... real-world characteristics on outcomes for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections: ... real-world characteristics on outcomes for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections: ... real-world characteristics on outcomes for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections: ... real-world characteristics on outcomes for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal skin and soft tissue infections: ...

https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/influence-of-real-world-characteristics-on-outcomes-for-patients-

"Staphylococcal Infections". MedlinePlus [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Library of Medicine, US. Skin infections are the ... S. aureus infections can spread through contact with pus from an infected wound, skin-to-skin contact with an infected person, ... Deeply penetrating S. aureus infections can be severe.[citation needed] Skin infections are the most common form of S. aureus ... Additionally, it can cause various skin and soft-tissue infections, particularly when skin or mucosal barriers have been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus

... liver and skin infections. In this conducted study we have analyzed lemon as an antibacterial herb against skin infections. A ... Bacteriostatic Activity of Lemon Juice against Staphylococcal Skin Infections Authors. * Farkhanda Afaque Jinnah University for ... Some other antimicrobial herb are also efficient against skin infections like aloe vera, neem etc. Because of the presence of ... These herbs can cure variety of the infections including GIT, ... total of 25 skin lesion samples were collected out of which 14 ...

https://jbas.juw.edu.pk/index.php/JBAS/article/view/44

Staphylococcal skin infection. https://dermnetnz.org/topics/staphylococcal-skin-infection/. *. Staph infection. (2018). https ... Staph bacteria normally live on the surface of the skin and only tend to cause infection when they enter the body or overgrow. ... Boils are a form of bacterial skin infection that presents as inflamed, tender, pus-filled sores. ... Boils are painful, swollen, tender sores that develop under the skin due to a bacterial infection. ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/antibiotics-for-boils?utm_source=ReadNext

Community-associated skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) are most commonly caused by staphylococci or streptococci. ... The mecA gene is carried as a mobile genetic element in a staphylococcal chromosome cassette (SCC), with the entire complex ... encoded search term (MRSA Skin Infection in Athletes) and MRSA Skin Infection in Athletes What to Read Next on Medscape ... MRSA Infection (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection), Sepsis (Blood Infection), Life-Threatening Skin Rashes ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/108972-overview

... and any relevant health events such as skin and soft tissue infections or confirmed staphylococcal infections. Nasal swabs were ... Longitudinal study of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in a cohort of swine veterinarians in the United States ...

http://www2a.cdc.gov/nioshtic-2/BuildQyr.asp?s1=agricultur%2A+or+farm%2A&f1=%2A&Adv=0&terms=1&PageNo=120&RecNo=1191&View=f&

Staphylococcal Skin Infections / diagnosis* * Staphylococcal Skin Infections / pathology * Staphylococcus aureus* ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15226288/?dopt=Abstract

Infection of the hair follicle is probably the most common form of skin infection, and it affects all ages. 4 Staphylococcal ... staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and folliculitis.. Bacterial infections; Review; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; Skin ... In staphylococcal bullous impetigo, small breaks in the skin allow the onset of infection with the formation of blisters caused ... In general, the infection is not in the skin, but elsewhere, in the form of otitis, conjunctivitis and other infections. A few ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/abd/a/vrysLvzSqQ43jDWz38wbRYJ/?lang=en

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a serious skin infection. The infection causes peeling skin over large parts of ... Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) in Children. What is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in children? ... Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a bacterial infection. *In children, the disease usually starts with fussiness, ... Skin biopsy. A tiny sample of skin is sent to a lab and examined under a microscope. A frozen section can be done quickly to ...

https://www.uhhospitals.org/locations/primary-care/kids-in-the-sun/health-and-wellness-library/diseases-and-conditions/article/diseases-and-conditions---pediatrics/staphylococcal-scalded-skin-syndrome-ssss-in-children

Treat staphylococcal skin infections. In neonates with staphylococcal skin infections, it was similarly effective as the ... Rafati S, Niakan M, Naseri M. (2014) Anti-microbial effect of Nigella sativa seed extract against staphylococcal skin Infection ... Accelerate the recovery of acute respiratory infections overall (flu/cold etc.). Patients with an acute respiratory infection ... Treat hepatitis C infections by attenuating viral load. 50% of hepatitis C patients treated with (a relatively low dose of) ...

https://vitalitymagazine.com/article/black-cumin-seed-vitamin-d-top-antiviral-combination/

Although pharyngeal and skin infections are the most common group A streptococcal infections, outbreaks of surgical wound ... Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Carriage. Staphylococcal carnage or infection occurs frequently in humans. In nosocomial ... Viral respiratory infections are common problems for infection control programs. The role of viruses in nosocomial infections ... Skin testing after BCG vaccination or natural infection with mycobacteria may be associated with adverse reactions, including ...

https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/prevguid/p0000446/p0000446.asp

CoNS infection, Staphylococcus coagulase negative, Non-pathogenic staphylococci. Authoritative facts from DermNet New Zealand. ... Who gets coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections?. Despite their abundance on the skin, coagulase-negative staphylococci ... What is the outcome of coagulase-negative staphylococcal infection?. Coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteraemia is a serious ... What is the treatment for the coagulase-negative staphylococcal infection?. When treating coagulase-negative staphylococcal ...

https://dermnetnz.org/topics/coagulase-negative-staphylococci

Staphylococcal Skin Infection typically on the extremities or face; some lesions may have honey-colored crust ... Scalded Skin Syndrome. *Burn-like rash in toxic appearing infants and toddlers, starting on the face and genitalia ...

https://www.fpnotebook.com/ID/Derm/CtnsCndtnsInFbrlPtnts.htm

Staphylococcal Infections. Lowry MB, Guo C, Zhang Y, Fantacone ML, Logan IE, Campbell Y, Zhang W, Le M, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra ... Skin. Lowry MB, Guo C, Zhang Y, Fantacone ML, Logan IE, Campbell Y, Zhang W, Le M, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G et al.. 2020. A ...

https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=6811&o=asc&page=3&s=keyword

https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/biblio?f%5Bauthor%5D=6811&o=asc&page=1&s=keyword

Staphylococcus aureus Infections - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the Merck Manuals - Medical ... Skin Syndrome Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a complication of a staphylococcal skin infection in which the skin ... Abscesses Skin Abscesses Folliculitis and skin abscesses are pus-filled pockets in the skin resulting from bacterial infection ... Skin infections, often causing abscesses Folliculitis and Skin Abscesses Folliculitis and skin abscesses are pus-filled pockets ...

https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/staphylococcus-aureus-infections?redirectid=611?ruleredirectid=30

Skin Diseases, Bacterial. *Skin Diseases, Eczematous. *Soft Tissue Infections. *Staphylococcal Infections. *Status Asthmaticus ...

https://rxwiki.com/easotic

For some infections (eg, group B streptococci, herpes simplex virus [HSV]) it... read more ). Staphylococci Staphylococcal ... Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic; it typically causes skin infections and sometimes pneumonia, endocarditis, and ... Maternal chorioamnionitis Intraamniotic Infection Intraamniotic infection is infection of the chorion, amnion, amniotic fluid, ... read more in adults and Overview of Neonatal Infections Overview of Neonatal Infections Neonatal infection can be acquired In ...

https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/infections-in-neonates/neonatal-sepsis

Newborn innate immunity is distinct demonstrating diminished skin integrity, impaired Th1-polarizing responses, low complement ... "Neonatal Host Defense against Staphylococcal Infections." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (1): 826303. doi:10.1155/ ... neonatal immune response is defining novel approaches to enhance host defense to prevent and/or treat staphylococcal infection ... Preterm infants are especially susceptible to late-onset sepsis that is often due to Gram-positive bacterial infections ...

https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/11855893

Staphylococcus aureus, respiratory skin and soft tissue infections. Tetracyclines are not the drugs of choice in the treatment ... of any type of staphylococcal infections.. Anthrax due to Bacillus anthracis, including inhalational anthrax (post-exposure): ... They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). When Vibramycin is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, ... Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections),. Klebsiella species (respiratory and urinary infections). Doxycycline is ...

https://www.rxlist.com/vibramycin-iv-drug.htm

Staphylococcal Skin Infections. 3. Impetigo. 2. [disabled in preview]. 0. This preview shows a limited data set. Subscribe for ... aureus skin and soft tissue infections. NCT00626795 ↗. Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of TD1414 2% Cream in Impetigo ... infection in CF. Data demonstrating an effective and safe method of clearing persistent MRSA infection are needed. The purpose ... infection in CF. Data demonstrating an effective and safe method of clearing persistent MRSA infection are needed. The purpose ...

https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/p/clinical-trials/profile/drugname/Bactroban

Update on treating canine staphylococcal skin infections. In Practice Focus. Nov 2013. ... 9. Mueller RS, Bergvall K, Bensignor E, Bond R. A review of topical therapy for skin infections with bacteria and yeast. ... Its also important to recognise the depth of the infection. Surface and superficial infections are characterised by erythema ... Suggested guidelines for using systemic antimicrobials in bacterial skin infections: part one - diagnosis based on clinical ...

https://www.vin.com/apputil/project/defaultadv1.aspx?pId=20539&id=8506462

Staphylococcal infections Mild infections of skin and soft tissue (culture and sensitivity tests should be performed): 250 mg ... Staphylococcal infections - penicillin G sensitive: Mild infections of the skin and soft tissues. ... The following Infections will usually respond to adequate dosage of Penicillin V:. Streptococcal infections (without bacteremia ... Fusospirochetosis (Vincents infection) of the oropharynx. Mild to moderately severe infections: 250 mg to 500 mg (400,000 to ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d6417642-66c5-48b5-86bf-ffb87c4250ac

Infection. *HIV Infection. *Toxic Shock Syndrome. *Norwegian crusted Scabies. *Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome. *Seen in ... Diffuse, generalized bright erythematous skin (typically including palms and soles). *Diffuse Scaling of skin (within 5 days of ... Skin care - layered approach. *Layer 1: Low to moderate potency Corticosteroid (e.g. triamcinolone) ... Salmon or orange-red colored skin lesions with variable Scaling and islands of sparing ...

https://fpnotebook.com/Derm/Exam/Erythrdrm.htm

This review aims at describing clinical, diagnostic and therapeutical features of major pyodermitis: impetigo, ecthyma, erysipelas, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and folliculitis. (scielo.br)
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a serious skin infection. (uhhospitals.org)
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a bacterial infection. (uhhospitals.org)
Boils, impetigo, cellulitis and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome are all commonly associated with staph infections. (earthclinic.com)
Toxin in bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome targets desmoglein 1. (bmj.com)
Molecular mechanisms of blister formation in bullous impetigo and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. (bmj.com)
Moreover, this happens a lot in kids and toddlers, known as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. (healthtipslive.com)

For patient education resources, see Infections Center , MRSA Infection (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection) , Sepsis (Blood Infection) , Life-Threatening Skin Rashes , and Antibiotics . (medscape.com)
Neonatal sepsis is invasive infection, usually bacterial, occurring during the neonatal period. (msdmanuals.com)
Sepsis and Septic Shock Sepsis is a clinical syndrome of life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated response to infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Streptococcal Infections Streptococci are gram-positive aerobic organisms that cause many disorders, including pharyngitis, pneumonia, wound and skin infections, sepsis, and endocarditis. (msdmanuals.com)
Preterm infants are especially susceptible to late-onset sepsis that is often due to Gram-positive bacterial infections resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. (harvard.edu)
Staphylococcal sepsis is fatal in up to 40% of the cases. (phys.org)
Such infections can subsequently develop into sepsis. (phys.org)
So far, the researchers have evaluated their magnetic nanoparticle kit for sepsis and urinary tract infections using laboratory samples. (phys.org)
Infection in chronic wounds can lead to sepsis if left untreated. (wickhosp.com)
Sepsis is defined as an inflammatory body response to infection, with severe sepsis and septic shock being the more severe forms. (wickhosp.com)
Staph is one of the most common causes of skin infections and can cause serious wound infections which can lead to sepsis if left untreated. (wickhosp.com)

One of the other infections on the skin is impetigo. (healthtipslive.com)

In 1880, Alexander Ogston, a Scottish surgeon, discovered that Staphylococcus can cause wound infections after noticing groups of bacteria in pus from a surgical abscess during a procedure he was performing. (wikipedia.org)
Staph bacteria normally live on the surface of the skin and only tend to cause infection when they enter the body or overgrow. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Knowing which specific type of bacteria is causing boil infections usually makes treatment more effective. (medicalnewstoday.com)
It also raises the risk that the bacteria causing the infection will become antibiotic resistant . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Pyodermitis are primary skin infections mainly caused by pyogenic bacteria of the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera. (scielo.br)
The skin has resident bacteria, which live as commensal bacteria, and transient bacteria, which can occasionally colonize the skin. (scielo.br)
These bacteria, originating from the environment, show pathogenicity usually in the presence of a disturbance of skin integrity. (scielo.br)
It's caused by an infection with a type of Staphylococcal aureus bacteria. (uhhospitals.org)
The bacteria releases poison (toxins) that cause the skin to blister and peel. (uhhospitals.org)
Staphylococcus aureus is the most dangerous of all of the many common staphylococcal bacteria. (merckmanuals.com)
Skin infections are common, but the bacteria can spread through the bloodstream and infect distant organs. (merckmanuals.com)
The diagnosis is based on the appearance of the skin or identification of the bacteria in a sample of the infected material. (merckmanuals.com)
Carriers can move the bacteria from their nose to other body parts with their hands, sometimes leading to infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis is a bone infection usually caused by bacteria, mycobacteria, or fungi. (merckmanuals.com)
The bacteria also tend to accumulate on medical devices in the body, such as artificial heart valves or joints, heart pacemakers, and catheters inserted through the skin into blood vessels. (merckmanuals.com)
Klebsiella , Enterobacter , and Serratia Infections The gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella , Enterobacter , and Serratia are closely related normal intestinal flora that rarely cause disease in normal hosts. (msdmanuals.com)
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Vibramycin® and other antibacterial drugs, Vibramycin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria. (rxlist.com)
Intracytoplasmic bacteria are a definite indicator of infection, but extracellular bacteria may be contaminants. (vin.com)
Rod bacteria from the skin include Pseudomonas , Proteus and coliforms. (vin.com)
Bacterial conjunctivitis is an infection most often caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria from your own skin or respiratory system. (aoa.org)
More plausibly, the inoculation provided a nidus for bacterial infection as the association of bacteria with NF is known. (ispub.com)
An infection with the spherical bacteria may have started as a local skin disease or pneumonia. (phys.org)
Infections were due to staphylococcus or streptococcus bacteria or in two cases both pathogens. (bestbets.org)
Poor hygiene - A dirty, sweaty girth can harbor bacteria and fungi that can then infect irritated skin. (vetericyn.com)
Caused by staphylococcus bacteria, staph infections are derived from a germ that is regularly found on the skin. (earthclinic.com)
An infection occurs as the bacteria penetrates the skin via an opening or lesion in the skin itself. (earthclinic.com)
Staphylococcus (referred to as staph) is a group of bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people. (wickhosp.com)
However, if the bacteria enters the body through a wound, cut or graze, or open skin (e.g. broken skin caused by eczema or bug bite), it may cause an infection. (wickhosp.com)
Prescribing cephalexin tablets in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria. (chewy.com)
It is an infection that is caused by staphylococcus bacteria . (healthtipslive.com)
Nocardiosis is an infection caused by several species of soil-borne aerobic bacteria belonging to the genus Nocardia . (medscape.com)

The most common organisms are staphylococcal and streptococcal strains. (medscape.com)
Although many strains of MRSA that cause community-acquired infection are susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been associated with clinical failure, especially in the presence of significant tissue damage. (medscape.com)
Pathogenic strains often promote infections by producing virulence factors such as potent protein toxins, and the expression of a cell-surface protein that binds and inactivates antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
Only a few strains of S. aureus are associated with infections in humans. (wikipedia.org)
There are between 10 and 24 strains of S. epidermidis on healthy adult skin. (dermnetnz.org)
Certain strains cause diarrhea, and all can cause infection when. (msdmanuals.com)
Vancomycin Hydrochloride is indicated for the treatment of serious or severe infections caused by susceptible strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococci. (fda.gov)
Due to the close relationship of animals with the environmental microbiome and resistome, animal staphylococcal strains also represent a source of resistance determinants. (frontiersin.org)
Similar ST130 strains have been isolated from human infections in UK, Denmark, and Germany at low frequency. (frontiersin.org)
Culture and sensitivity studies recommended when treating suspected staphylococcal infections as reports indicate rising numbers of penicillin G-resistant strains. (drugs.com)
The purified protein exhibited potent inhibitory effects against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcal strains, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 1 to 2 µg/mL, and ultrastructural analysis revealed that APLss-induced concentration-specific changes in the morphological architecture of staphylococcal surface membranes. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, spectrophotometric and fluorescence microscopy revealed that incubating staphylococcal strains with sub-MIC and MIC of APLss significantly inhibited staphylococcal adherence to human vaginal epithelial cells and biofilm biomass formation. (bvsalud.org)

The initial antibiotic selection should cover MRSA in patients with coexisting penetrating and/or surgical trauma, evidence of MRSA infection elsewhere, known nasal MRSA colonization, and/or intravenous drug abuse. (medscape.com)
thus, added together, numbers in the MRSA, MSSA, and Other staphylococci groups do not equal the number in All types of staphylococcal infection group. (cdc.gov)
Historically, isolates resistant to oxacillin (commonly referred to as MRSA) were resistant to most agents other than vancomycin, but these isolates were limited to nosocomial infections. (medscape.com)
In the 1990s, many reports appeared describing community-acquired MRSA infections that were susceptible to various non-beta-lactam antibiotics. (medscape.com)
As such, patients with serious staphylococcal infections should be initially started on agents active against MRSA until susceptibility results are available. (medscape.com)
In the United States, most community-associated methicillin-resistant S aureus (CA-MRSA) infections have been caused by the USA300 epidemic clone. (medscape.com)
[ 21 ] and up to 98% of CA-MRSA infections in the United States. (medscape.com)
Most publicized reports of CA-MRSA infection have been on college or professional football teams. (medscape.com)
This clinical trial tests the hypothesis that body decolonization of patients with recurrent community-associated (CA) MRSA infections will significantly reduce the likelihood of recurrent CA-MRSA infection. (drugpatentwatch.com)
The prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) respiratory infection in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) has increased dramatically over the last decade. (drugpatentwatch.com)
Evidence suggests that persistent infection with MRSA may result in an increased rate of decline in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)1 and shortened survival. (drugpatentwatch.com)
Currently there are no conclusive studies demonstrating an effective aggressive treatment protocol for persistent MRSA respiratory infection in CF. Data demonstrating an effective and safe method of clearing persistent MRSA infection are needed. (drugpatentwatch.com)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 28-day course of vancomycin for inhalation, 250 mg twice a day, (in combination with oral antibiotics) in eliminating MRSA from the respiratory tract of individuals with CF and persistent MRSA infection. (drugpatentwatch.com)
Eschar with cellulitis as a clinical predictor in community-acquired MRSA skin abscess. (medscape.com)
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) emerged 50 years ago as a nosocomial pathogen but in the last decade it has also become a frequent cause of infections in the community. (frontiersin.org)
LA-MRSA ST398 can cause infections in humans in contact with animals, and can infect hospitalized people, although at the moment this occurrence is relatively rare. (frontiersin.org)
Most staph infections are treated with antibiotics, and there are still some antibiotics that can successfully treat MRSA infections. (wickhosp.com)
Staph infection is contagious, which includes both methicillin-susceptible staph (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant staph (MRSA). (healthtipslive.com)
MRSA and MSSA are two types of staph that are carried by most people on the skin and nose. (healthtipslive.com)
Also, both MSSA and MRSA can be severe, and the infection can be life-threatening. (healthtipslive.com)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains an important nosocomial pathogen, although the organism has increasingly been recognized as a significant cause of community-acquired infection around the world. (canada.ca)
Surveillance for MRSA in sentinel Canadian hospitals participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP) has been ongoing since its inception in January 1995. (canada.ca)
The presence of infection caused by MRSA was determined according to standard definitions (4) . (canada.ca)
MRSA colonization was defined as the presence of MRSA without any clinical signs or symptoms of infection. (canada.ca)
MRSA was thought to have been hospital-acquired if, in the judgment of the infection control professional, there was no evidence that the organism was present at the time of admission to hospital, or if there was evidence that it was likely to have been acquired during a previous hospital admission. (canada.ca)
A total of 6,435 (38%) patients were thought to have had an MRSA infection. (canada.ca)

People with a staph infection should take particular care, as several staph species are already antibiotic resistant. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Treatment includes antibiotic medicine, fluid replacement, and skin care. (uhhospitals.org)
Vibramycin I.V. ( doxycycline hyclate) is a tetracycline antibiotic used to treat many different bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections acne gonorrhea and chlamydia periodontitis (gum disease) and others. (rxlist.com)
A natural antibiotic, apple cider vinegar removes toxins and eliminates infection by alkalizing the body. (earthclinic.com)
Clinical guidelines for the antibiotic treatment for community-acquired skin and soft tissue infection. (bmj.com)
This antibiotic was first invented in 1959 to treat infections. (healthtipslive.com)
Inadequate use of antimicrobials has led to widespread instances of suboptimal antibiotic concentrations around infection sites. (bvsalud.org)
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic considered the gold standard in the treatment of staphylococcal infections that are oxacillin-resistant. (bvsalud.org)

Treatment of staph infection involves draining or removing infection and maintaining an infection-free body until the site of the issue can heal. (earthclinic.com)
What is a Staph Infection? (earthclinic.com)
Apple cider vinegar is an effective oral treatment for staph infection. (earthclinic.com)
A staph infection is a concerning condition that can progress to more pervasive conditions if left untreated. (earthclinic.com)
May 24, Emergency room Dr. diagnoses Staph infection, prescribes new meds, Doxycycline and Bactroban. (earthclinic.com)
May 27, staph infection almost gone. (earthclinic.com)
What are the Risk Factors for Staph Infection? (wickhosp.com)
Follow these steps to avoid a staph infection and prevent it from spreading. (wickhosp.com)
How Is Staph Infection Contagious? (healthtipslive.com)
So, today we are highlighting everything you need to know about staph infection and much more! (healthtipslive.com)
Since you are curious to know is staph infection contagious or not, let us tell you it can spread very quickly to any person. (healthtipslive.com)
Cellulitis is a type of staph infection that goes into the skin's deeper layers, but it is treatable with medicines and antibiotics. (healthtipslive.com)
It is a very painful rash, and this staph infection is contagious. (healthtipslive.com)
Furthermore, staph infection from foods does not cause fever. (healthtipslive.com)

Infection was associated with bacteremia in 13% of the patients. (canada.ca)

Populations that have been reported to have increased rates of S aureus colonization include persons with type 1 diabetes, intravenous drug users, asthmatic patients, the elderly, persons who require hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, persons with rheumatoid arthritis, those with chronic sinusitis, and persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (medscape.com)
Longitudinal study of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection in a cohort of swine veterinarians in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) or "flesh eating disease" is an uncommon neonatal problem even in the tropics where the climatic conditions favor bacterial skin colonization and infections. (ispub.com)
Mupirocin treatment of nasal staphylococcal colonization. (bmj.com)
A 1-year trial of nasal mupirocin in the prevention of recurrent staphylococcal nasal colonization and skin infection. (bmj.com)

The purpose of this study is to determine the natural history of community-associated Staphylococcus aureus infections in both adult and pediatric patients by monitoring the rate of recurrent infections in those colonized with S. aureus. (drugpatentwatch.com)
In children who have recurrent or chronic symptoms, further testing including skin testing to identify fungal pathogens, sweat chloride estimation to identify Cystic fibrosis, titers against rare organisms, and bronchoscopy may be required. (pediatriconcall.com)
Patients present with atypical eczema and recurrent bacterial (staphylococcal) infections, particularly of the skin. (lu.se)

Etrapenam Is Being Projected As Drug For Community Acquired Pneumonia, Intractable Abdominal Infections And Complicated Uti. (pediatriconcall.com)
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. (pediatriconcall.com)
Most commonly, it is the result of infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal), but it can occur as a result of chemical injury (gastric acid/aspiration of food/hydrocarbon and lipoid pneumonia/radiation-induced pneumonia). (pediatriconcall.com)
Staphylococcal pneumonia, although rare, can be very serious despite treatment. (pediatriconcall.com)
Lymphocytic predominance may be seen in viral pneumonia, pertussis, and atypical infections. (pediatriconcall.com)

Infective Endocarditis Infective endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart (endocardium) and usually also of the heart valves. (merckmanuals.com)
Vancomycin Hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis, septicemia, bone infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and skin and skin-structure infections. (fda.gov)

Neonatal necrotizing fasciitis, a rapidly progressive superficial infection is uncommon. (ispub.com)
2 It commonly follows superficial Staphylococcal infections of the umbilical, pectoral and perineal areas and may follow procedures like circumcision. (ispub.com)
Primary cutaneous nocardiosis, most commonly caused by Nocardia brasiliensis , typically affects immunocompetent individuals with a history of trauma and can be subdivided into 3 clinical entities that include (1) lymphocutaneous infection, (2) mycetoma, and (3) superficial skin infection, including ulceration, abscess, and cellulitis. (medscape.com)
Nocardiosis probably causes superficial skin infections much more commonly than reported. (medscape.com)

In 2014, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) published updated guidelines for the management of various skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), with emphasis on the clinical skills needed to properly treat the likely pathogens before and after culture results are available. (medscape.com)
This rod-shaped bacterium can cause various diseases, including infections of the urinary tract, for example, via a urinary catheter during a hospital stay. (phys.org)
OR exp Cellulitis/OR exp Streptococcal Infections/OR exp Skin Diseases, Bacterial/OR exp Staphylococcal Infections/OR skin infection.mp. (bestbets.org)
The CNISP is a collaborative effort involving hospitals across the country participating as members of the Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee (a sub-committee of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Canada), and the Nosocomial and Occupational Infections Section, Public Health Agency of Canada. (canada.ca)

[ 1 ] Community-associated skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) are most commonly caused by staphylococci or streptococci. (medscape.com)
It should be emphasized that these guidelines represent the advice of CDC on questions commonly asked of the Hospital Infections Program, but are not intended to have the force of law or regulation. (cdc.gov)
In addition, this study will evaluate the efficiency of commonly prescribed decolonization measures in patients presenting with S. aureus skin and soft tissue infections. (drugpatentwatch.com)
If left untreated, that minor inflammation can quickly lead to the fungal infection commonly known as girth itch. (vetericyn.com)
A diffuse, non-pitting induration of the skin of unknown etiology that occurs most commonly in association with diabetes mellitus, predominantly in females. (bvsalud.org)

The Guideline for Infection Control in Hospital Personnel is part of the Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections. (cdc.gov)
Now, with the increasing use of implanted medical equipment, they have become leading pathogens for nosocomial infections owing to their ability to form biofilms on foreign material [1,2]. (dermnetnz.org)

In patients with severe infection and suspected polymicrobic infection, vancomycin plus piperacillin/tazobactam is recommended. (medscape.com)
it has been associated with furunculosis and severe bone and joint infections. (medscape.com)
Bacterial infections can be more severe in patients that wear contact lenses. (aoa.org)
Tim-3 provides been proven to make a difference for the era of gamma interferon (IFN-)-secreting Compact disc4 T cells in the placing of severe and HCV infections. (exposed-skin-care.net)
A skin disease that causes blisters so severe that they can become infected and result in death. (skinhelp.co.uk)
Thus, it is important to know the location of the infection and how much severe it is. (healthtipslive.com)

As a result, the skin is physiologically colonised by a host of microorganisms , including at least 47 species of coagulase-negative staphylococci [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
Coagulase-negative staphylococci are an important part of normal skin microbiota , and they also colonise mucous membranes in adults and children from a few weeks of age [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
Collectively, S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus account for the majority of foreign body and premature neonatal infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci [1]. (dermnetnz.org)
Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most common infections in both neonatal and paediatric intensive care units 1,2 and have a significant impact on patients' mortality and morbidity 3-5 . (bvsalud.org)

Other lower respiratory tract infections seen in children are croup (laryngotracheobronchitis), bronchitis, and bronchiolitis. (pediatriconcall.com)

Clinical factors such as site and severity of infection, suspected or confirmed infectious agent, underlying disease and concomitant therapies 7 , and the fact that the drug has a narrow therapeutic range all increase the risk of side effects, such as nephritic syndrome and ototoxicity, skin reactions (e.g., erythema), and flushing histamine-like and other anaphylactic reactions, when anaesthetics are given. (bvsalud.org)

When penicillin is contraindicated, tetracyclines are alternative drugs in the treatment of infections caused by the cited microorganisms. (nih.gov)

However, doctors discovered that the use of penicillin could cure S. aureus infections. (wikipedia.org)
For upper respiratory infections due to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, penicillin is the usual drug of choice, including prophylaxis of rheumatic fever. (rxlist.com)
It is used in penicillin- allergic patients, and also for patients who cannot receive or who have failed to respond to other antimicrobials, including penicillin or cephalosporin agents, and for infections caused by vancomycin-susceptible organisms that are resistant to other antimicrobials. (fda.gov)
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vancomycin for use in the United States in 1958 to treat penicillin-resistant1 Staphylococcus aureus infection. (bvsalud.org)

Contact Precautions and Airborne if massive soft tissue infection with copious drainage and repeated irrigations required [154]. (cdc.gov)

Folliculitis and Skin Abscesses Folliculitis and skin abscesses are pus-filled pockets in the skin resulting from bacterial infection. (merckmanuals.com)

Therefore, we aimed to examine the varying effect of an antimicrobial peptidase lysostaphin (APLss) on staphylococcal adherence to host cells, biofilm biomass formation, and toxin production as a probable method for mitigating staphylococcal virulence. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, APLss dose-dependently inhibited adhesion to host cell surfaces and staphylococcal-associated virulence factors, warranting further investigation as a potential anti-staphylococcal agent with an antiadhesive mechanism of action using in vivo models of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome. (bvsalud.org)

According to the IDSA treatment algorithm, incision and drainage of abscess is indicated for all purulent infections and is sufficient for mild infections. (medscape.com)
Staphylococcus aureus infections range from mild to life threatening. (merckmanuals.com)
Unlike individuals with SJS and TEN, most individuals with a reactive skin disease have a mild and self-limiting condition. (rarediseases.org)
When S. aureus gains entry into the host, it is able to cause a variety of infections, from mild skin infection to life threatening invasive infections. (frontiersin.org)

For treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci susceptible to methicillin (MSSA). (medscape.com)

Overview of Neonatal Infections Neonatal infection can be acquired In utero transplacentally or through ruptured membranes In the birth canal during delivery (intrapartum) From external sources after birth (postpartum) Common. (msdmanuals.com)

Also, the combination of nigella sativa and vitamin D has shown to be remarkably effective in the clearance of a viral infection. (vitalitymagazine.com)
Viral infections can also cause moderate redness and are usually painful. (aoa.org)
Most other viral gastroenteritis infections are caused by astrovirus or enteric adenovirus. (merckmanuals.com)

Prior to the 1940s, S. aureus infections were fatal in the majority of patients. (wikipedia.org)

Prevent the spread of the infection in contagious forms of conjunctivitis. (aoa.org)

It has been proposed that one possible reason for the great deal of heterogeneity within the species could be due to its reliance on heterogeneous infections. (wikipedia.org)
Below is a list of common coagulase-negative staphylococcal species and their preferred sites of colonisation. (dermnetnz.org)
Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Shigella species, Acinetobacter species, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), Klebsiella species (respiratory and urinary infections). (rxlist.com)
The remaining primary skin infections of nocardiosis manifest as pustules, abscesses, or cellulitis and often mimic disease caused by more common organisms, such as Staphylococcus species. (medscape.com)

Life-threatening skin rashes are rare, but you need to know how to deal with one should the worst happen. (skinhelp.co.uk)

Over time, this parasitic relationship has led to the bacterium's ability to be carried in the nasopharynx of humans without causing symptoms or infection. (wikipedia.org)
The reaction may start with a persistent fever and nonspecific, flu-like symptoms followed by appearance of erythematous macules (red spots) that may cover a large part of the body, and painful blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. (rarediseases.org)
Treatment is supportive and directed at symptoms, but some parasitic and some bacterial infections require specific anti-infective therapy. (merckmanuals.com)
Ulcer or skin sore that has these symptoms might develop into cellulitis. (healthtipslive.com)

Moisture - Wet weather, humidity, and horse sweat can all make the skin more prone to fungal infections. (vetericyn.com)

Out of 243 patients reviewed, 4 patients with preseptal cellulitis went on to develop intracranial infection. (bestbets.org)
Rodgers, I. Intracranial Infection Associated with Preseptal and Orbital Cellulitis in the Pediatric Patient. (bestbets.org)

Boils are a form of bacterial skin infection that presents as inflamed, tender, pus-filled sores. (medicalnewstoday.com)

[ 48 ] Clindamycin decreased the repeat infection rate in one study of patients receiving incision and drainage for small skin abscesses compared with placebo trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. (medscape.com)
Although S. aureus usually acts as a commensal of the human microbiota, it can also become an opportunistic pathogen, being a common cause of skin infections including abscesses, respiratory infections such as sinusitis, and food poisoning. (wikipedia.org)
Skin infections may cause blisters, abscesses, and redness and swelling in the infected area. (merckmanuals.com)
Cold abscesses occur and may drain through adjacent skin. (uab.edu)

Boils are painful, swollen, tender sores that develop under the skin due to a bacterial infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Boils usually grow as they fill with pus, which is a mixture of dead skin and immune and bacterial cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)

This is followed by redness and blistering of the skin. (uhhospitals.org)
With bacterial infections, there is typically minimal pain but a possibly dramatic appearance with moderate redness and almost always a yellow/green discharge, sometimes extreme. (aoa.org)
Redness and scaling - You will often see red, inflamed, dry, scaly, or flaky skin before open sores develop. (vetericyn.com)
Rest your horse - Any time you see redness or irritation on your horse's sensitive skin caused by tack, you should take a break from riding. (vetericyn.com)

Transmission through non-intact skin contact with draining lesions possible, therefore use Contact Precautions if large amount of uncontained drainage. (cdc.gov)
See Psoriasis: Manifestations, Management Options, and Mimics , a Critical Images slideshow, to help recognize the major psoriasis subtypes and distinguish them from other skin lesions. (medscape.com)

It stems from a local staphylococcal infection that produces two causative toxins. (skinhelp.co.uk)

It is still one of the five most common causes of hospital-acquired infections and is often the cause of wound infections following surgery. (wikipedia.org)
Mobile genetic elements that are common in S. aureus include bacteriophages, pathogenicity islands, plasmids, transposons, and staphylococcal cassette chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
In temperate climates, infection is most common in winter months, and in tropical regions, infection is more common in summer months. (merckmanuals.com)
It is a common infection that happens in people. (healthtipslive.com)
HIV infection, chronic lung disease, and chronic use of immunosuppressant medications appear to be the 3 most common underlying risk factors for disseminated nocardiosis. (medscape.com)

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive spherically shaped bacterium, a member of the Bacillota, and is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. (wikipedia.org)

Newborn innate immunity is distinct demonstrating diminished skin integrity, impaired Th1-polarizing responses, low complement levels, and diminished expression of plasma antimicrobial proteins and peptides, especially in preterm newborns. (harvard.edu)
Fei Pan et al, Specific capture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for rapid detection of antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections, Biosensors and Bioelectronics (2022). (phys.org)

Typically used alone for skin and skin-structure coverage. (medscape.com)

Conventional hospitals in Egypt to implement sound 1 mL aliquot was used directly for the methods for the identification of S. au- infection prevention and control pro- LAMP assay and DCDD test. (who.int)

Cephalexin is a broad-spectrum oral tablet prescribed by veterinarians to treat bacterial infections found on the skin, in the urinary tract, respiratory tract, bones, joints as well as other areas of your dog's body. (chewy.com)
Cephalexin is given by mouth in order treat susceptible bacterial infections of the skin, urinary tract, respiratory tract, bones, joints, and other body systems. (chewy.com)
Bandaging that is too tight can cause urinary retention that, in turn, leads to urinary tract infection, bladder rupture and, in rare cases, local vein compression. (healthy.net)

Primarily active against skin flora, including S aureus (MSSA). (medscape.com)
Preferred therapy for methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) staphylococci infections. (medscape.com)

Efficacy of Aminomethyl Spectinomycins against Complex Upper Respiratory Tract Bacterial Infections. (stjude.org)
Aminomethyl spectinomycins as therapeutics for drug-resistant respiratory tract and sexually transmitted bacterial infections. (stjude.org)
It can develop through exposure to the coughing or sneezing of someone with an upper respiratory tract infection. (aoa.org)

Anatomy1

Organisms3

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs2

Geographicals1

Comparison of efficacies of oral levofloxacin and oral ciprofloxacin in a rabbit model of a staphylococcal abscess. (1/393)

Staphylococcal toxin-induced T cell proliferation in atopic eczema correlates with increased use of superantigen-reactive Vbeta-chains in cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA)-positive lymphocytes. (2/393)

Role of neutrophil leukocytes in cutaneous infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. (3/393)

In Staphylococcus aureus, fur is an interactive regulator with PerR, contributes to virulence, and Is necessary for oxidative stress resistance through positive regulation of catalase and iron homeostasis. (4/393)

Skin disease presenting as an outbreak of pseudobacteremia in a laboratory worker. (5/393)

Sepsis as an unusual event in dyskeratosis follicularis. (6/393)

Immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis: endotoxin accelerates atherosclerosis in rabbits on hypercholesterolemic diet. (7/393)

A combination of roxithromycin and imipenem as an antimicrobial strategy against biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. (8/393)

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Comparison of efficacies of oral levofloxacin and oral ciprofloxacin in a rabbit model of a staphylococcal abscess. (1/393)

Staphylococcal toxin-induced T cell proliferation in atopic eczema correlates with increased use of superantigen-reactive Vbeta-chains in cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA)-positive lymphocytes. (2/393)

Role of neutrophil leukocytes in cutaneous infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. (3/393)

In Staphylococcus aureus, fur is an interactive regulator with PerR, contributes to virulence, and Is necessary for oxidative stress resistance through positive regulation of catalase and iron homeostasis. (4/393)

Skin disease presenting as an outbreak of pseudobacteremia in a laboratory worker. (5/393)

Sepsis as an unusual event in dyskeratosis follicularis. (6/393)

Immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis: endotoxin accelerates atherosclerosis in rabbits on hypercholesterolemic diet. (7/393)

A combination of roxithromycin and imipenem as an antimicrobial strategy against biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. (8/393)

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Erythroderma

Scalded skin syn7

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