Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea.
A species of parasitic nematode widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries. The females and their larvae inhabit the mucosa of the intestinal tract, where they cause ulceration and diarrhea.
A genus of parasitic nematodes widely distributed as intestinal parasites of mammals.
2-Substituted benzimidazole first introduced in 1962. It is active against a variety of nematodes and is the drug of choice for STRONGYLOIDIASIS. It has CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM side effects and hepatototoxic potential. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p919)
Substances used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. They are used also in veterinary practice.
A mixture of mostly avermectin H2B1a (RN 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (RN 70209-81-3), which are macrolides from STREPTOMYCES avermitilis. It binds glutamate-gated chloride channel to cause increased permeability and hyperpolarization of nerve and muscle cells. It also interacts with other CHLORIDE CHANNELS. It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic that is active against microfilariae of ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS but not the adult form.
A species of parasitic nematode found in rats.
Immunoglobulins produced in a response to HELMINTH ANTIGENS.
Drugs used to treat or prevent parasitic infections.
A benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to MEBENDAZOLE that is effective against many diseases. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p38)
Agents destructive to parasitic worms. They are used therapeutically in the treatment of HELMINTHIASIS in man and animal.
The study of parasites and PARASITIC DISEASES.
Infections of the lungs with parasites, most commonly by parasitic worms (HELMINTHS).
Infections of the INTESTINES with PARASITES, commonly involving PARASITIC WORMS. Infections with roundworms (NEMATODE INFECTIONS) and tapeworms (CESTODE INFECTIONS) are also known as HELMINTHIASIS.
Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.
HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1) infection is a retroviral infection that primarily targets CD4+ T-cells, potentially leading to the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis/myelopathy (TSP/HAM), as well as other inflammatory diseases.
A human or animal whose immunologic mechanism is deficient because of an immunodeficiency disorder or other disease or as the result of the administration of immunosuppressive drugs or radiation.
Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
Somalia is located on the east coast of Africa on and north of the Equator and, with Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Kenya, is often referred to as the Horn of Africa. It comprises Italy's former Trust Territory of Somalia and the former British Protectorate of Somaliland. The capital is Mogadishu.
Purplish or brownish red discoloration, easily visible through the epidermis, caused by hemorrhage into the tissues. When the size of the discolorization is >2-3 cm it is generally called Ecchymoses (ECCHYMOSIS).
Infections or infestations with parasitic organisms. They are often contracted through contact with an intermediate vector, but may occur as the result of direct exposure.
Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.
A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.
Persons fleeing to a place of safety, especially those who flee to a foreign country or power to escape danger or persecution in their own country or habitual residence because of race, religion, or political belief. (Webster, 3d ed)
Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.
The insertion of drugs into the rectum, usually for confused or incompetent patients, like children, infants, and the very old or comatose.
A frequent complication of drug therapy for microbial infection. It may result from opportunistic colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen and can be influenced by the time interval between infections, microbial physiology, or host resistance. Experimental challenge and in vitro models are sometimes used in virulence and infectivity studies.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Kentucky" is a proper noun and not a term that has a medical definition. It is a state located in the eastern region of the United States. If you have any questions related to medical conditions or terminology, I would be happy to help answer those!
Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commonly found in the alimentary tract of cows, sheep, and other ruminants. It occasionally is encountered in cases of human endocarditis. This species is nonhemolytic.
Simultaneous infection of a host organism by two or more pathogens. In virology, coinfection commonly refers to simultaneous infection of a single cell by two or more different viruses.
A country in northeastern Africa. The capital is Khartoum.
Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. Three species produce the most frequent clinical diseases: SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM (endemic in Africa and the Middle East), SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI (in Egypt, northern and southern Africa, some West Indies islands, northern 2/3 of South America), and SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM (in Japan, China, the Philippines, Celebes, Thailand, Laos). S. mansoni is often seen in Puerto Ricans living in the United States.
Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

Partial cross-resistance between Strongyloides venezuelensis and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats. (1/316)

Rats were immunized through an initial infection with 1,000 filariform larvae (L3) of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and after complete expulsion of worms they were challenged with 1,000 L3 of Strongyloides venezuelensis to investigate whether cross-resistance developed against a heterologous parasite. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-immunized rats developed a partial cross-resistance against S. venezuelensis migrating larvae (MSL3) in the lungs and adult worms in the small intestine. The population of MSL3 in the lungs were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in immunized rats (22.0 +/- 7.4) compared with controls (105.0 +/- 27.6). The populations of adult worms, egg output and fecundity were initially decreased but from day 14 post-challenge they did not show any significant difference between immunized and control rats. However, the length of worm in immunized rat was revealed as retardation. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) on day 7 post-challenge and then gradually increased, which peaked on day 42 post-challenge when most of the worms were expelled. These results suggest that peripheral blood eosinophilia is strongly involved in the worm establishment and expulsion mechanisms.  (+info)

A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. (2/316)

Strongyloidiasis has been recognized as one of the life-threatening parasitic infections in the immunocompromised patients. We report an intestinal infection case of Strongyloides stercoralis in a 61-year-old man. Rhabditiform larvae were detected in the stool examination and developed to filariform larvae having a notched tail through the Harada-Mori filter paper culture. The patient received five courses of albendazole therapy but not cured of strongyloidiasis.  (+info)

Case studies in international medicine. (3/316)

Family physicians in the United States are increasingly called on to manage the complex clinical problems of newly arrived immigrants and refugees. Case studies and discussions are provided in this article to update physicians on the diagnosis and management of potentially unfamiliar ailments, including strongyloidiasis, hookworm infection, cysticercosis, clonorchiasis and tropical pancreatitis. Albendazole and ivermectin, two important drugs in the treatment of some worm infections, are now available in the United States.  (+info)

Fluctuations of larval excretion in Strongyloides stercoralis infection. (4/316)

Follow-up stool examinations were carried out on two groups of the subjects who were screened negative (group 1) or positive (group 2) for Strongyloides stercoralis by the agar plate culture. This technique could detect S. stercoralis larvae in 87.5-96.4% of the subjects in group 2 and 0-5.9% of the subjects in group 1 on various days of the eight-week and four-week follow-up periods, respectively. The detection rate on each day of examination was not statistically different from that on the first day in both groups. Quantitative measurement of S. stercoralis larvae excreted in the feces of the subjects in group 2 by the standard direct smear method of Beaver and others revealed slight to marked fluctuations of the larval output in individual subjects. From the results of both stool examination methods, it could be implied that 52% of S. stercoralis-infected individuals had low-level infection.  (+info)

Production of a high level of specific IgG4 antibody associated with resistance to albendazole treatment in HLA-DRB1*0901-positive patients with strongyloidiasis. (5/316)

Strongyloidiasis, a human intestinal infection with Strongyloides stercoralis, is difficult to treat with drugs. The factors influencing this phenomenon remain unclear. To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured. Serum levels of specific IgA, IgE, IgG, IgG1, and IgG4 antibodies were estimated using S. stercoralis antigen. Significantly higher titers of IgG4 antibody were observed in the non-cured group than in the cured group (P = 0.016). A total of 88 patients were typed for HLA-DRB1 alleles and analyzed for serum levels of antibody. The S. stercoralis-specific IgG4 antibody titers were significantly higher in the HLA-DRB1*0901-positive group than in the negative group (corrected P = 0.044). These results suggest that HLA-DRB1*0901 is a possible genetic marker for resistance to treatment of S. stercoralis that is associated with elevation of S. stercoralis-specific IgG4 antibody titer.  (+info)

Enteric parasites and AIDS. (6/316)

OBJECTIVE: To report on the importance of intestinal parasites in patients with AIDS, showing relevant data in the medical literature, with special emphasis on epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of enteroparasitosis, especially cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, microsporidiasis and strongyloidiasis. DESIGN: Narrative review.  (+info)

A role of mast cell glycosaminoglycans for the immunological expulsion of intestinal nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis. (7/316)

We examined effects of mast cell glycosaminoglycans on the establishment of the intestinal nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis, in the mouse small intestine. When intestinal mastocytosis occurred, surgically implanted adult worms could not invade and establish in the intestinal mucosa. In mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice, inhibition of adult worm invasion was not evident as compared with littermate +/+ control mice. Mucosal mastocytosis and inhibition of S. venezuelensis adult worm mucosal invasion was tightly correlated. To determine effector molecules for the invasion inhibition, adult worms were implanted with various sulfated carbohydrates including mast cell glycosaminoglycans. Among sulfated carbohydrates tested, chondroitin sulfate (ChS)-A, ChS-E, heparin, and dextran sulfate inhibited invasion of adult worms into intestinal mucosa in vivo. No significant inhibition was observed with ChS-C, desulfated chondroitin, and dextran. ChS-E, heparin, and dextran sulfate inhibited adhesion of S. venezuelensis adult worms to plastic surfaces in vitro. Furthermore, binding of intestinal epithelial cells to adhesion substances of S. venezuelensis, which have been implicated in mucosal invasion, was inhibited by ChS-E, heparin, and dextran sulfate. Because adult worms of S. venezuelensis were actively moving in the intestinal mucosa, probably exiting and reentering during infection, the possible expulsion mechanism for S. venezuelensis is inhibition by mast cell glycosaminoglycans of attachment and subsequent invasion of adult worms into intestinal epithelium.  (+info)

Parasitological and immunological diagnoses of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised children at Uberlandia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. (8/316)

Parasitological and immunological diagnoses were part of a study conducted among 151 children, 83 immunocompromised (IC) and 68 non-immunocompromised (non-IC) aged from zero to 12, seen at the University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from February, 1996, to June, 1998. Three fecal samples from each child were analyzed for the parasitological diagnosis by Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. The immunological diagnosis to detect IgG and IgM antibodies was carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) with cryo-microtome sections of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides ratti larvae as antigens and by the ELISA test with an alkaline extract of S. ratti as the antigens. Of the 151 children 5 (3.31%) were infected with larvae of S. stercoralis (2 cases IC, 2.41%, and 3 cases non-IC, 4.41%). The IFAT-IgG detected 7 (8.43%) serum samples positive among IC, and 2 (2.94%) cases among non-IC. The ELISA-IgG test detected 10 (12.05%) serum samples positive among IC, and 1 (1.47%) case among non-IC. The IFAT-IgM detected 6 (7.22%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. ELISA-IgM test detected 10 (12.05%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. It was concluded that the immunological tests can help in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised children.  (+info)

Strongyloidiasis is a tropical and subtropical parasitic disease caused by the nematode (roundworm) Strongyloides stercoralis. The infection occurs when the larvae of this parasite penetrate the skin, usually of the feet, and are carried through the bloodstream to the lungs. Here they mature, are coughed up and swallowed, and then mature in the small intestine where they lay eggs. These hatch into larvae that can either pass out with the feces or penetrate the skin of the anal area and restart the cycle.

The disease is often asymptomatic but can cause a range of symptoms including gastrointestinal (diarrhea, abdominal pain) and pulmonary (cough, wheezing) symptoms. Disseminated strongyloidiasis, where the larvae spread throughout the body, can occur in immunocompromised individuals and can be life-threatening.

Treatment is with anti-parasitic drugs such as ivermectin or thiabendazole. Prevention involves avoiding skin contact with contaminated soil and good hygiene practices.

"Strongyloides stercoralis" is a species of parasitic roundworm that can infect humans and other animals. The adult female worms live in the small intestine, where they lay eggs that hatch into larvae. These larvae can then either mature into adult worms within the host's intestine or be passed out of the body in feces. If the larvae in the feces come into contact with suitable moist soil, they can mature into infective larvae that can penetrate the skin of a new host and cause infection.

In humans, "Strongyloides stercoralis" infection can cause a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and weight loss. In some cases, the infection can become chronic and lead to serious complications, such as disseminated disease or gram-negative sepsis, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

The diagnosis of "Strongyloides stercoralis" infection typically involves the detection of larvae in the stool or other bodily fluids, although serological tests and PCR assays are also available. Treatment usually involves the use of anti-parasitic drugs, such as ivermectin or albendazole, to kill the worms and prevent the progression of the infection.

Strongyloides is a type of parasitic roundworm that can infect humans and other animals. The most common species to infect humans is Strongyloides stercoralis. These tiny worms can cause a condition known as strongyloidiasis, which can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and skin rashes.

The life cycle of Strongyloides is unique among parasitic roundworms because it can complete its entire life cycle within a single host, without needing to exit the body and infect a new host. This is known as "autoinfection" and it allows the worm to persist in the human body for many years, even in the absence of new infections.

Strongyloides infection typically occurs when larvae (immature worms) penetrate the skin, often through contaminated soil. The larvae then travel through the bloodstream to the lungs, where they mature and are coughed up and swallowed, allowing them to reach the intestines and mature into adults. Female adult worms can lay eggs that hatch into larvae, which can either be excreted in feces or undergo autoinfection by penetrating the intestinal wall and entering the bloodstream again.

While many people with Strongyloides infection do not experience any symptoms, severe infections can lead to complications such as chronic diarrhea, malnutrition, and bacterial bloodstream infections. In immunocompromised individuals, Strongyloides infection can be life-threatening due to the rapid multiplication of larvae in the body, a condition known as "hyperinfection."

Thiabendazole is a medication that belongs to the class of antiparasitic drugs. It works by inhibiting the growth of parasites, particularly roundworms, hookworms, and threadworms, in the body. Thiabendazole is used to treat a variety of infections caused by these parasites, including intestinal infections, skin infections, and eye infections. It may also be used to prevent certain parasitic infections in people who are at high risk.

Thiabendazole works by interfering with the metabolism of the parasite's cells, which ultimately leads to their death. The medication is available in both oral and topical forms, depending on the type of infection being treated. Thiabendazole is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It may also interact with other medications, so it's important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking before starting thiabendazole therapy.

It is important to note that Thiabendazole should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional and should not be used for self-treatment without proper medical advice.

Antinematodal agents are a type of medication used to treat infections caused by nematodes, which are also known as roundworms. These agents work by either killing the parasitic worms or preventing them from reproducing. Some examples of antinematodal agents include albendazole, ivermectin, and mebendazole. These medications are used to treat a variety of nematode infections, such as ascariasis, hookworm infection, and strongyloidiasis. It is important to note that the use of antinematodal agents should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can have side effects and may interact with other medications.

Ivermectin is an anti-parasitic drug that is used to treat a variety of infections caused by parasites such as roundworms, threadworms, and lice. It works by paralyzing and killing the parasites, thereby eliminating the infection. Ivermectin is available in various forms, including tablets, creams, and solutions for topical use, as well as injections for veterinary use.

Ivermectin has been shown to be effective against a wide range of parasitic infections, including onchocerciasis (river blindness), strongyloidiasis, scabies, and lice infestations. It is also being studied as a potential treatment for other conditions, such as COVID-19, although its effectiveness for this use has not been proven.

Ivermectin is generally considered safe when used as directed, but it can cause side effects in some people, including skin rashes, nausea, and diarrhea. It should be used with caution in pregnant women and people with certain medical conditions, such as liver or kidney disease.

"Strongyloides ratti" is a species of parasitic roundworm that infects the intestines of laboratory rats. The adult female worm lives in the mucosa of the small intestine, where it lays eggs that hatch into larvae. These larvae can either mature into adults within the host's intestine or be passed in the feces and then develop into infective larvae on the outside. The infective larvae can penetrate the skin of a new host, enter the bloodstream, and migrate to the lungs, from where they are coughed up and swallowed, returning to the intestine to mature. This complex life cycle is known as "heterogonic" or "discontinuous."

Infection with Strongyloides ratti can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, weight loss, and intestinal bleeding in rats. In immunocompromised individuals, the parasite can also infect humans and cause a similar disease called "strongyloidiasis," which can be asymptomatic or lead to severe complications if left untreated.

It's worth noting that Strongyloides ratti is not a human pathogen and it's mainly used as a laboratory model for studying the biology of Strongyloides stercoralis, a closely related species that infects humans.

Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance, known as an antigen. They are capable of recognizing and binding to specific antigens, neutralizing or marking them for destruction by other immune cells.

Helminths are parasitic worms that can infect humans and animals. They include roundworms, tapeworms, and flukes, among others. Helminth infections can cause a range of symptoms, depending on the type of worm and the location of the infection.

Antibodies to helminths are produced by the immune system in response to an infection with one of these parasitic worms. These antibodies can be detected in the blood and serve as evidence of a current or past infection. They may also play a role in protecting against future infections with the same type of worm.

There are several different classes of antibodies, including IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Antibodies to helminths are typically of the IgE class, which are associated with allergic reactions and the defense against parasites. IgE antibodies can bind to mast cells and basophils, triggering the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators that help to protect against the worm.

In addition to IgE, other classes of antibodies may also be produced in response to a helminth infection. For example, IgG antibodies may be produced later in the course of the infection and can provide long-term immunity to reinfection. IgA antibodies may also be produced and can help to prevent the attachment and entry of the worm into the body.

Overall, the production of antibodies to helminths is an important part of the immune response to these parasitic worms. However, in some cases, the presence of these antibodies may also be associated with allergic reactions or other immunological disorders.

Antiparasitic agents are a type of medication used to treat parasitic infections. These agents include a wide range of drugs that work to destroy, inhibit the growth of, or otherwise eliminate parasites from the body. Parasites are organisms that live on or inside a host and derive nutrients at the host's expense.

Antiparasitic agents can be divided into several categories based on the type of parasite they target. Some examples include:

* Antimalarial agents: These drugs are used to treat and prevent malaria, which is caused by a parasite that is transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitoes.
* Antiprotozoal agents: These drugs are used to treat infections caused by protozoa, which are single-celled organisms that can cause diseases such as giardiasis, amoebic dysentery, and sleeping sickness.
* Antihelminthic agents: These drugs are used to treat infections caused by helminths, which are parasitic worms that can infect various organs of the body, including the intestines, lungs, and skin. Examples include roundworms, tapeworms, and flukes.

Antiparasitic agents work in different ways to target parasites. Some disrupt the parasite's metabolism or interfere with its ability to reproduce. Others damage the parasite's membrane or exoskeleton, leading to its death. The specific mechanism of action depends on the type of antiparasitic agent and the parasite it is targeting.

It is important to note that while antiparasitic agents can be effective in treating parasitic infections, they can also have side effects and potential risks. Therefore, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any antiparasitic medication to ensure safe and appropriate use.

Albendazole is an antiparasitic medication used to treat a variety of parasitic infections, including neurocysticercosis (a tapeworm infection that affects the brain), hydatid disease (a parasitic infection that can affect various organs), and other types of worm infestations such as pinworm, roundworm, hookworm, and whipworm infections.

Albendazole works by inhibiting the polymerization of beta-tubulin, a protein found in the microtubules of parasitic cells, which disrupts the parasite's ability to maintain its shape and move. This leads to the death of the parasite and elimination of the infection.

Albendazole is available in oral form and is typically taken two to three times a day with meals for several days or weeks, depending on the type and severity of the infection being treated. Common side effects of albendazole include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and headache. Rare but serious side effects may include liver damage, bone marrow suppression, and neurological problems.

It is important to note that albendazole should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider, as it can have serious side effects and interactions with other medications. Additionally, it is not effective against all types of parasitic infections, so proper diagnosis is essential before starting treatment.

Anthelmintics are a type of medication used to treat infections caused by parasitic worms, also known as helminths. These medications work by either stunting the growth of the worms, paralyzing them, or killing them outright, allowing the body to expel the worms through normal bodily functions. Anthelmintics are commonly used to treat infections caused by roundworms, tapeworms, flukeworms, and hookworms. Examples of anthelmintic drugs include albendazole, mebendazole, praziquantel, and ivermectin.

Parasitology is a branch of biology that deals with the study of parasites, their life cycles, the relationship between parasites and their hosts, the transmission of parasitic diseases, and the development of methods for their control and elimination. It involves understanding various types of parasites including protozoa, helminths, and arthropods that can infect humans, animals, and plants. Parasitologists also study the evolution, genetics, biochemistry, and ecology of parasites to develop effective strategies for their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Parasitic lung diseases refer to conditions caused by infection of the lungs by parasites. These are small organisms that live on or in a host organism and derive their sustenance at the expense of the host. Parasitic lung diseases can be caused by various types of parasites, including helminths (worms) and protozoa.

Examples of parasitic lung diseases include:

1. Pulmonary echinococcosis (hydatid disease): This is a rare infection caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The larvae form cysts in various organs, including the lungs.
2. Paragonimiasis: This is a food-borne lung fluke infection caused by Paragonimus westermani and other species. Humans become infected by eating raw or undercooked crustaceans (such as crabs or crayfish) that contain the larval stage of the parasite.
3. Toxocariasis: This is a soil-transmitted helminth infection caused by the roundworm Toxocara canis or T. cati, which are found in the intestines of dogs and cats. Humans become infected through accidental ingestion of contaminated soil, undercooked meat, or through contact with an infected animal's feces. Although the primary site of infection is the small intestine, larval migration can lead to lung involvement in some cases.
4. Amebic lung disease: This is a rare complication of amebiasis, which is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. The parasite usually infects the large intestine, but it can spread to other organs, including the lungs, through the bloodstream.
5. Cryptosporidiosis: This is a waterborne protozoan infection caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or C. hominis. Although the primary site of infection is the small intestine, immunocompromised individuals can develop disseminated disease, including pulmonary involvement.

Symptoms of parasitic lung diseases vary depending on the specific organism and the severity of infection but may include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, fever, and sputum production. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests, such as stool or blood examinations for parasites or their antigens. Treatment depends on the specific organism but may include antiparasitic medications, supportive care, and management of complications.

Parasitic intestinal diseases are disorders caused by microscopic parasites that invade the gastrointestinal tract, specifically the small intestine. These parasites include protozoa (single-celled organisms) and helminths (parasitic worms). The most common protozoan parasites that cause intestinal disease are Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Entamoeba histolytica. Common helminthic parasites include roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), tapeworms (Taenia saginata and Taenia solium), hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), and pinworms (Enterobius vermicularis).

Parasitic intestinal diseases can cause a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weight loss. The severity and duration of the symptoms depend on the type of parasite, the number of organisms present, and the immune status of the host.

Transmission of these parasites can occur through various routes, including contaminated food and water, person-to-person contact, and contact with contaminated soil or feces. Preventive measures include practicing good hygiene, washing hands thoroughly after using the toilet and before handling food, cooking food thoroughly, and avoiding consumption of raw or undercooked meat, poultry, or seafood.

Treatment of parasitic intestinal diseases typically involves the use of antiparasitic medications that target the specific parasite causing the infection. In some cases, supportive care such as fluid replacement and symptom management may also be necessary.

Helminth antigens refer to the proteins or other molecules found on the surface or within helminth parasites that can stimulate an immune response in a host organism. Helminths are large, multicellular parasitic worms that can infect various tissues and organs in humans and animals, causing diseases such as schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis, and soil-transmitted helminthiases.

Helminth antigens can be recognized by the host's immune system as foreign invaders, leading to the activation of various immune cells and the production of antibodies. However, many helminths have evolved mechanisms to evade or suppress the host's immune response, allowing them to establish long-term infections.

Studying helminth antigens is important for understanding the immunology of helminth infections and developing new strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Some researchers have also explored the potential therapeutic use of helminth antigens or whole helminths as a way to modulate the immune system and treat autoimmune diseases or allergies. However, more research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these approaches.

HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1) infection is a viral infection that attacks the CD4+ T-cells (a type of white blood cell) and can lead to the development of various diseases, including Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-I Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The virus is primarily transmitted through breastfeeding, sexual contact, or contaminated blood products. After infection, the virus becomes integrated into the host's DNA and can remain dormant for years, even decades, before leading to the development of disease. Most people infected with HTLV-I do not develop any symptoms, but a small percentage will go on to develop serious complications.

An immunocompromised host refers to an individual who has a weakened or impaired immune system, making them more susceptible to infections and decreased ability to fight off pathogens. This condition can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (developed during one's lifetime).

Acquired immunocompromised states may result from various factors such as medical treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunosuppressive drugs), infections (e.g., HIV/AIDS), chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes, malnutrition, liver disease), or aging.

Immunocompromised hosts are at a higher risk for developing severe and life-threatening infections due to their reduced immune response. Therefore, they require special consideration when it comes to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases.

Feces are the solid or semisolid remains of food that could not be digested or absorbed in the small intestine, along with bacteria and other waste products. After being stored in the colon, feces are eliminated from the body through the rectum and anus during defecation. Feces can vary in color, consistency, and odor depending on a person's diet, health status, and other factors.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Somalia" is not a medical term. It is a country located in the Horn of Africa. If you have any questions about medical terms or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer them for you.

Purpura is a medical term that refers to the appearance of purple-colored spots on the skin or mucous membranes, caused by bleeding underneath the skin due to various factors such as blood clotting disorders, vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels), severe thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), or use of certain medications. These spots can vary in size and shape, ranging from small pinpoint hemorrhages (petechiae) to larger, irregularly shaped patches (ecchymoses). The bleeding is usually not caused by trauma or injury to the area. It's important to consult a healthcare professional if you notice any unexplained purpuric spots on your skin or mucous membranes, as they can indicate an underlying medical condition that requires further evaluation and treatment.

Parasitic diseases are infections or illnesses caused by parasites, which are organisms that live and feed on host organisms, often causing harm. Parasites can be protozoans (single-celled organisms), helminths (worms), or ectoparasites (ticks, mites, fleas). These diseases can affect various body systems and cause a range of symptoms, depending on the type of parasite and the location of infection. They are typically spread through contaminated food or water, insect vectors, or direct contact with an infected host or contaminated environment. Examples of parasitic diseases include malaria, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, ascariasis, and leishmaniasis.

A larva is a distinct stage in the life cycle of various insects, mites, and other arthropods during which they undergo significant metamorphosis before becoming adults. In a medical context, larvae are known for their role in certain parasitic infections. Specifically, some helminth (parasitic worm) species use larval forms to infect human hosts. These invasions may lead to conditions such as cutaneous larva migrans, visceral larva migrans, or gnathostomiasis, depending on the specific parasite involved and the location of the infection within the body.

The larval stage is characterized by its markedly different morphology and behavior compared to the adult form. Larvae often have a distinct appearance, featuring unsegmented bodies, simple sense organs, and undeveloped digestive systems. They are typically adapted for a specific mode of life, such as free-living or parasitic existence, and rely on external sources of nutrition for their development.

In the context of helminth infections, larvae may be transmitted to humans through various routes, including ingestion of contaminated food or water, direct skin contact with infective stages, or transmission via an intermediate host (such as a vector). Once inside the human body, these parasitic larvae can cause tissue damage and provoke immune responses, leading to the clinical manifestations of disease.

It is essential to distinguish between the medical definition of 'larva' and its broader usage in biology and zoology. In those fields, 'larva' refers to any juvenile form that undergoes metamorphosis before reaching adulthood, regardless of whether it is parasitic or not.

In medical terms, "ether" is an outdated term that was used to refer to a group of compounds known as diethyl ethers. The most common member of this group, and the one most frequently referred to as "ether," is diethyl ether, also known as sulfuric ether or simply ether.

Diethyl ether is a highly volatile, flammable liquid that was once widely used as an anesthetic agent in surgical procedures. It has a characteristic odor and produces a state of unconsciousness when inhaled, allowing patients to undergo surgery without experiencing pain. However, due to its numerous side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression, as well as the risk of explosion or fire during use, it has largely been replaced by safer and more effective anesthetic agents.

It's worth noting that "ether" also has other meanings in different contexts, including a term used to describe a substance that produces a feeling of detachment from reality or a sense of unreality, as well as a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of an ether group (-O-, a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups).

Medically, the term "refugees" does not have a specific definition. However, in a broader social and humanitarian context, refugees are defined by the United Nations as:

"People who are outside their country of nationality or habitual residence; have a well-founded fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion; and are unable or unwilling to avail themselves of the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution."

Refugees often face significant health challenges due to forced displacement, violence, trauma, limited access to healthcare services, and harsh living conditions. They may experience physical and mental health issues, including infectious diseases, malnutrition, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Providing medical care and support for refugees is an important aspect of global public health.

A fatal outcome is a term used in medical context to describe a situation where a disease, injury, or illness results in the death of an individual. It is the most severe and unfortunate possible outcome of any medical condition, and is often used as a measure of the severity and prognosis of various diseases and injuries. In clinical trials and research, fatal outcome may be used as an endpoint to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different treatments or interventions.

"Administration, Rectal" is a medical term that refers to the process of administering medication or other substances through the rectum. This route of administration is also known as "rectal suppository" or "suppository administration."

In this method, a solid dosage form called a suppository is inserted into the rectum using fingers or a special applicator. Once inside, the suppository melts or dissolves due to the body's temperature and releases the active drug or substance, which then gets absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the rectum.

Rectal administration is an alternative route of administration for people who have difficulty swallowing pills or liquids, or when rapid absorption of the medication is necessary. It can also be used to administer medications that are not well absorbed through other routes, such as the gastrointestinal tract. However, it may take longer for the medication to reach the bloodstream compared to intravenous (IV) administration.

Common examples of rectally administered medications include laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, analgesics, and some forms of hormonal therapy. It is important to follow the instructions provided by a healthcare professional when administering medication rectally, as improper administration can reduce the effectiveness of the medication or cause irritation or discomfort.

Superinfection is a medical term that refers to a secondary infection which occurs during or following the treatment of an initial infection. This second infection is often caused by a different microorganism that is resistant to the medication used to treat the first infection. Superinfections can occur in various parts of the body, such as the skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, or urinary tract, and are more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, chronic illnesses, or those who have been on antibiotics for an extended period.

Superinfections can lead to more severe complications, prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates if not promptly diagnosed and treated appropriately. Healthcare providers must be vigilant in monitoring patients' responses to treatment and recognizing signs of superinfection, such as worsening symptoms or the development of new ones, to ensure timely intervention and optimal patient outcomes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Kentucky" is not a medical term or condition. It is a geographical location, being the name of a state in the United States. If you have any questions related to medical conditions or terminology, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

Eosinophilia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high concentration of eosinophils in the circulating blood. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the immune system, particularly in fighting off parasitic infections and regulating allergic reactions. However, when their numbers become excessively high, they can contribute to tissue damage and inflammation.

Eosinophilia is typically defined as a count of more than 500 eosinophils per microliter of blood. Mild eosinophilia (up to 1,500 cells/μL) may not cause any symptoms and may be discovered during routine blood tests. However, higher levels of eosinophilia can lead to various symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, skin rashes, and organ damage, depending on the underlying cause.

The causes of eosinophilia are varied and can include allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune disorders, certain medications, and some types of cancer. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilia require identification and management of the underlying cause.

Streptococcus bovis is a type of bacteria that is part of the Streptococcus genus. It is a gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic coccus (spherical) bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tracts of animals, including cattle, and can also be found in the human gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the colon.

There are several subspecies of Streptococcus bovis, including S. bovis biotype I (also known as Streptococcus gallolyticus), S. bovis biotype II/2, and S. bovis biotype II/1. Some strains of these bacteria have been associated with human diseases, such as endocarditis, bacteremia, and abscesses in various organs. Additionally, there is evidence to suggest that S. bovis biotype I may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.

It's important to note that Streptococcus bovis is not a common cause of infection in healthy individuals, but it can cause serious infections in people with underlying medical conditions, such as valvular heart disease or a weakened immune system.

Coinfection is a term used in medicine to describe a situation where a person is infected with more than one pathogen (infectious agent) at the same time. This can occur when a person is infected with two or more viruses, bacteria, parasites, or fungi. Coinfections can complicate the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, as the symptoms of each infection can overlap and interact with each other.

Coinfections are common in certain populations, such as people who are immunocompromised, have chronic illnesses, or live in areas with high levels of infectious agents. For example, a person with HIV/AIDS may be more susceptible to coinfections with tuberculosis, hepatitis, or pneumocystis pneumonia. Similarly, a person who has recently undergone an organ transplant may be at risk for coinfections with cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, or other opportunistic pathogens.

Coinfections can also occur in people who are otherwise healthy but are exposed to multiple infectious agents at once, such as through travel to areas with high levels of infectious diseases or through close contact with animals that carry infectious agents. For example, a person who travels to a tropical area may be at risk for coinfections with malaria and dengue fever, while a person who works on a farm may be at risk for coinfections with influenza and Q fever.

Effective treatment of coinfections requires accurate diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy for each pathogen involved. In some cases, treating one infection may help to resolve the other, but in other cases, both infections may need to be treated simultaneously to achieve a cure. Preventing coinfections is an important part of infectious disease control, and can be achieved through measures such as vaccination, use of personal protective equipment, and avoidance of high-risk behaviors.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sudan" is not a medical term. It is a country located in Northeast Africa, known as the Sudan or Sudan proper, and the southern region that seceded to become South Sudan in 2011. If you have any medical terms you would like me to define, please let me know!

Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia or snail fever, is a parasitic infection caused by several species of the trematode flatworm Schistosoma. The infection occurs when people come into contact with freshwater contaminated with the parasite's larvae, which are released by infected freshwater snails.

The larvae penetrate the skin, enter the bloodstream, and mature into adult worms in the blood vessels of the urinary tract or intestines. The female worms lay eggs, which can cause inflammation and scarring in various organs, including the liver, lungs, and brain.

Symptoms of schistosomiasis may include fever, chills, cough, muscle aches, and diarrhea. In chronic cases, the infection can lead to serious complications such as kidney damage, bladder cancer, and seizures. Schistosomiasis is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and lack of access to safe drinking water. It is preventable through improved water supply, sanitation, and snail control measures. Treatment typically involves the use of a medication called praziquantel, which kills the adult worms.

Serologic tests are laboratory tests that detect the presence or absence of antibodies or antigens in a patient's serum (the clear liquid that separates from clotted blood). These tests are commonly used to diagnose infectious diseases, as well as autoimmune disorders and other medical conditions.

In serologic testing for infectious diseases, a sample of the patient's blood is collected and allowed to clot. The serum is then separated from the clot and tested for the presence of antibodies that the body has produced in response to an infection. The test may be used to identify the specific type of infection or to determine whether the infection is active or has resolved.

Serologic tests can also be used to diagnose autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, by detecting the presence of antibodies that are directed against the body's own tissues. These tests can help doctors confirm a diagnosis and monitor the progression of the disease.

It is important to note that serologic tests are not always 100% accurate and may produce false positive or false negative results. Therefore, they should be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical findings and laboratory test results.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

... can become chronic and then become completely asymptomatic.[citation needed] Disseminated strongyloidiasis ... Strongyloidiasis~treatment at eMedicine "Strongyloidiasis" (PDF). Australian Government. "Strongyloides Antibody, IgG, Serum". ... The medication ivermectin is widely used to treat strongyloidiasis. Strongyloidiasis is a type of soil-transmitted ... cite book}}: ,work= ignored (help) "Strongyloides stercoralis (Strongyloidiasis)". AntiMicrobe. "Strongyloidiasis Infection ...
Strongyloidiasis. Certain drugs.[clarification needed] Plague, most commonly from septicemic plague. The source of vomited ...
"Strongyloidiasis". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on October 19, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2021. ... The World Health Organization (WHO) considers ivermectin the drug of choice for strongyloidiasis. Ivermectin is also the ... strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis and lymphatic filariasis. It works through many mechanisms to kill the targeted ...
ISBN 978-0-323-70971-2. Ren, Melody; Boggild, Andrea K. (2021). "Strongyloidiasis". In Weatherhead, Jill E. (ed.). Neglected ...
List of cutaneous conditions List of migrating cutaneous conditions Ground itch "CDC - DPDx - Strongyloidiasis". www.cdc.gov. ... ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6. Ren, Melody; Boggild, Andrea K. (2021). "Strongyloidiasis". In Weatherhead, Jill E. (ed.). Neglected ...
Regions of Japan used to have endemic strongyloidiasis, but control programs have eliminated the disease. Strongyloidiasis ... Strongyloidiasis was first described in the 19th century in French soldiers returning home from expeditions in Indochina. Today ... Because strongyloidiasis could theoretically be transmittable through unsanitary bedclothes care must be taken never to use ... Autoinfection makes strongyloidiasis due to S. stercoralis an infection with several unusual features. Persistence of infection ...
Human infection, strongyloidiasis, is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, widespread in all tropical regions Strongyloides ... "Strongyloidiasis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology". 2 February 2019 - via eMedicine. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal ... causes dermatitis similar to strongyloidiasis. The condition is also called nutria itch. Treatment for strongyloides infection ...
"Strongyloidiasis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology". 2 February 2019. Archived from the original on 9 March 2011. ... causing dermatitis similar to strongyloidiasis. The condition is also called "nutria itch". Other parasites they can host are ...
"Megaduodenum associated with gastric strongyloidiasis". International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. 11: 71-74. doi:10.1016/j ...
Nwokolo, C. and Imohiosen, E. A. E. (1973). Strongyloidiasis of Respiratory Tract Presenting as "Asthma." London: British ... Nwokolo, C.; Imohiosen, E. A. (1973). "Strongyloidiasis of Respiratory Tract Presenting as "Asthma."". BMJ. British Medical ...
2001). "Strongyloidiasis in a Cope's grey tree frog (Hyla chrysoscelis)". Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 32 (1): 106-110 ...
Strongyloidiasis causes acute to chronic diarrhea in puppies, with occasional constipation. Diagnosis can be made by detecting ... Oktober 2009 im Internet Archive)) T.J. Nolan (2001): Canine Strongyloidiasis (PDF; 193 kB). International Veterinary ...
He was the founder of the Australian National Working Group on Strongyloidiasis. Speare was Director of the JCU School of ... Speare performed significant work on the public health control of human strongyloidiasis caused by Strongyloides stercoralis, ...
Portugal R, Schaffel R, Almeida L, Spector N, Nucci M (June 2002). "Thiabendazole for the prophylaxis of strongyloidiasis in ... such as those causing strongyloidiasis), hookworms, and other helminth species which infect wild animals, livestock, and humans ... "Efficacy and safety of ivermectin and thiabendazole in the treatment of strongyloidiasis". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 5 ...
Strongyloidiasis affects as many as 370 million people worldwide, and it is usually subclinical or even asymptomatic. However, ... In such cases, ivermectin is a treatment for strongyloidiasis, not for COVID-19. Misinformation, lower degrees of trust, and a ... 2018). "Strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis". Public health guidance on screening and vaccination for infectious diseases in ... "Presumptive Treatment and Screening for Strongyloidiasis, Infections Caused by Other Soil-Transmitted Helminths, and ...
These diseases include strongyloidiasis, hookworm caused by Ancylostoma duodenale, scabies, and streptococcal infections. ...
These diseases include strongyloidiasis, hookworm caused by Ancylostoma duodenale, scabies, and streptococcal infections. ...
A case of the Mazzotti reaction has been reported after presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis with ... "Mazzotti Reaction After Presumptive Treatment for Schistosomiasis and Strongyloidiasis in A Liberian Refugee". Pediatric ...
Oesophagostomumiasis, when caused by Oesophagostomum bifurcum Strongyloidiasis, as an alternative to ivermectin or ... strongyloidiasis, taeniasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, cutaneous larva migrans, giardiasis, and gnathostomiasis, among ...
... showed little cytotoxicity and represents a potential treatment for Strongyloidiasis. Corydaline is nematocidal against S. ...
... strongyloidiasis trichinosis, visceral larva migrans, Gnathostomiasis, cysticercosis, and echinococcosis; 2) filarioidea, i.e. ...
While posted in Hanoi, he made major advances in the study of Brugia malayi and strongyloidiasis. He also noted how ... was a French physician and parasitologist known for his work on filariasis and strongyloidiasis. Galliard was born in the ...
In Strongyloidiasis barium studies show intestinal wall oedema, thickening of intestinal folds with flattening, and atrophy of ...
... such as blastocystosis and strongyloidiasis among others. The rash that develops from poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac ...
... is utilized orally in humans as an acaricide and insecticide for the treatment of strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis. ...
... strongyloidiasis). It is used as an ethnomedicinal plant for the treatment of a number of ailments such as chills, vomiting, ...
Parasitic diseases such as ascariasis, hookworm, strongyloidiasis and whipworm can be diagnosed by examining stools under a ...
The use of corticosteroids can cause a severe and deadly "hyperinfection" syndrome for people with strongyloidiasis, which may ...
... is capable of indefinitely reproducing within a host and causes the disease strongyloidiasis. Patrick Manson discovered the ...
He then switched to promoting Ivermectin, which is a head lice, rosacea, intestinal strongyloidiasis, and onchocerciasis ...
Strongyloidiasis can become chronic and then become completely asymptomatic.[citation needed] Disseminated strongyloidiasis ... Strongyloidiasis~treatment at eMedicine "Strongyloidiasis" (PDF). Australian Government. "Strongyloides Antibody, IgG, Serum". ... The medication ivermectin is widely used to treat strongyloidiasis. Strongyloidiasis is a type of soil-transmitted ... cite book}}: ,work= ignored (help) "Strongyloides stercoralis (Strongyloidiasis)". AntiMicrobe. "Strongyloidiasis Infection ...
Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by 2 species of the parasitic nematode Strongyloides. The most common and ... Severe strongyloidiasis (hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis) carries a high mortality rate (up to 80%) ... encoded search term (Strongyloidiasis) and Strongyloidiasis What to Read Next on Medscape ... Chronic strongyloidiasis in World War II Far East ex-prisoners of war. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1984 Jan. 33(1):55-61. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
Strongyloidiasis. CDC Yellow Book 2024. Travel-Associated Infections & Diseases Author(s): Susan Montgomery, Rebecca Chancey, ... Suspect strongyloidiasis in symptomatic patients who have a history of skin contact (i.e., bare feet) with soil in tropical or ... Strongyloidiasis is caused by an intestinal nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis.. Transmission. Transmission occurs when ... Strongyloidiasis is endemic to the tropics and subtropics; it has limited foci elsewhere, including Appalachia and the ...
Strongyloidiasis can cause life-threatening illness if you have a weakened immune system. ... Strongyloidiasis is an infection with the parasitic worm Strongyloides. ... How is strongyloidiasis diagnosed?. To diagnose strongyloidiasis, your provider will need to test one or more body fluids to ... Who does strongyloidiasis affect?. Anyone can get strongyloidiasis. But some activities and conditions put you at higher risk, ...
Information on Strongyloidiasis with there causes, symptoms and treatment ... Strongyloidiasis. Strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection) is a parasitic intestinal infection that occurs worldwide. Its ... Most patients with strongyloidiasis recover completely, but debilitation from protein loss occasionally is fatal. Massive auto ... Strongyloidiasis is caused by the helminth Strongyloides stercoralis. Transmission to humans usually occurs through contact ...
CDC report looks at an outbreak of strongyloidiasis in Arizona. ... CDC report looks at an outbreak of strongyloidiasis in Arizona ... Notes from the Field: Strongyloidiasis at a Long-Term-Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled - Arizona, 2015. MMWR Morb ... Notes from the Field: Strongyloidiasis at a Long-Term-Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled - Arizona, 2015. Weekly / ... the Pinal County Public Health Services District in Arizona was notified of a suspected strongyloidiasis infection in a ...
Strongyloidiasis: Global Status is one in a series of GIDEON eBooks that explore all infectious diseases. ... Strongyloidiasis: Global Status is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which explore all individual infectious diseases, drugs, ...
The prevalence of strongyloidiasis was 13%. The underlying diseases were acute leukemia in 21% and lymphoma in 52% of the ... In 1981, a serologic assay was developed, which was useful in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in the immunocompetent host. In ... The ELISA may be an excellent assay to rule out the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in patients with hematologic malignancies. ... The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis relies upon the identification of the parasite in stool samples. ...
... and strongyloidiasis, respectively.. CONCLUSIONS: The high seroprevalence of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among ... METHODS: We offered a survey assessing chronic abdominal pain and serologic testing for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis to ... High prevalence and presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among African refugees.. Drew L Posey, Brian ... BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis cause substantial morbidity and mortality among hundreds of millions of ...
Access Strongyloidiasis case definitions; uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. ...
Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by 2 species of the parasitic nematode Strongyloides. The most common and ... encoded search term (Strongyloidiasis) and Strongyloidiasis What to Read Next on Medscape ... Chronic strongyloidiasis in World War II Far East ex-prisoners of war. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1984 Jan. 33(1):55-61. [QxMD MEDLINE ... Seroepidemiology of strongyloidiasis in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Jan. 74(1):97-102. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [ ...
Title : Presumptive treatment and screening for strongyloidiasis, infections caused by other soil- transmitted helminths, and ... 2018). Presumptive treatment and screening for strongyloidiasis, infections caused by other soil- transmitted helminths, and ... Presumptive treatment and screening for strongyloidiasis, infections caused by other soil- transmitted helminths, and ... Presumptive treatment and screening for strongyloidiasis, infections caused by other soil- transmitted helminths, and ...
The cases, bibliography and associated comments included in this website and database have been provided by experts worldwide and reviewed by voluntary editorial working groups. The data and information is not guaranteed to be complete or to be fully up to date at any particular moment and it reflects the knowledge and views of the experts participating, not those of the World Health Organisation or the Italian National Transplant Centre.. ...
Strongyloidiasis - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the MSD Manuals - Medical Consumer Version. ... Symptoms of Strongyloidiasis Most people with a strongyloidiasis do not have symptoms. When symptoms occur, they usually ... If people with strongyloidiasis have lived in or traveled to areas of Africa where Loa loa is transmitted, doctors check them ... and then progresses to disseminated strongyloidiasis, which can affect other tissues not typically affected by strongyloidiasis ...
Moreover, studies on strongyloidiasis should use sensitive diagnostic tools. Strongyloidiasis control and elimination programs ... Strongyloidiasis appears to be the most neglected of the NTDs mainly due to nature of the infection, low sensitivity of the ... Finally, ivermectin (the drug of choice for treatment of strongyloidiasis) is not in use for control of the other soil- ... This commentary highlights three points why strongyloidiasis is the most neglected of the NTDs in Ethiopia. Firstly, lack of ...
Ivermectin is used for treating infections caused by certain parasites. Stromectol works by killing sensitive parasites. Buy Ivexterm (Ivermectin) without Prescription
An oesophagogastroduodoscopic biopsy was obtained and histopathologic examination revealed gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis. ... Al-Sajee, D. M. A., & Al-Hamdani, A. (2010). A Case of Gastric and Duodenal Strongyloidiasis. Sultan Qaboos University Medical ...
A Case of Ulcerated Gastric Mass and Anemia due to StrongyloidiasisDownload ...
Strongyloidiasis: A review of the evidence for Australian practitioners. F JOHNSTON, Peter Morris, R Speare, J MCCARTHY, Bart ... Dive into the research topics of Strongyloidiasis: A review of the evidence for Australian practitioners. Together they form ...
Strongyloidiasis (Strongyloides Infection). Swimmers Itch (Cercarial Dermatitis). Swimming Pools. Taeniasis (Taenia Infection ...
Management of severe strongyloidiasis attended at reference centers in Spain.. Authors: Martinez-Perez, Angela. Roure Díez, ...
Strongyloidiasis (Strongyloides stercoralis). In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson ...
Strongyloidiasis The human body is the principal host of the parasitic roundworm called Strongyloides stercoralis. This ... This modification of the life cycle, called internal autoinfection, explains persistent strongyloidiasis, as long as 40 years ... which cause strongyloidiasis; and trichinae, which cause trichinosis. Nematodes that do not infect human intestines are not ...
Start your 7 day free trial. Trusted and used in more than 2,300 hospitals, large clinics, and medical schools to improve clinical decision-making.. Start Trial Subscriber Sign In ...
Hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis. 6325 Hyperparathyroidism. 7904 Hyperpituitarism. 7916 ...
HTLV-1 is a risk factor for the development of severe strongyloidiasis; close follow-up after treatment for strongyloidiasis is ...
Control programs for strongyloidiasis in areas of high endemicity: an economic analysis of different approaches Implementation ...
Of 37 patients with strongyloidiasis, 26 were in the pre-implementation group and 11 were in the post-implementation group. ... Methods: Patients treated at our centre for strongyloidiasis from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were identified through ... The safety tool may be useful in the treatment of patients with strongyloidiasis to improve documentation of patient outcomes ... Strongyloidiasis is a common infection in Canadian migrants that can cause life-threatening hyperinfection in immunosuppressed ...
Using a drug repurposing approach, our study identified levamisole as a potential backup drug for strongyloidiasis. Levamisole ... Strongyloidiasis, caused by infections with the soil-transmitted helminth Strongyloides stercoralis and occasionally ... Onile B, Komolafe F, Oladiran B. Severe strongyloidiasis presenting as occult gastro-intestinal tract malignancy. Ann Trop Med ... Using a drug repurposing approach, our study identified levamisole as a potential backup drug for strongyloidiasis. Levamisole ...
  • Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by the nematode called Strongyloides stercoralis, or sometimes the closely related S. fülleborni. (wikipedia.org)
  • Strongyloidiasis is caused by an intestinal nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis . (cdc.gov)
  • Strongyloidiasis is an infection with the parasitic worm Strongyloides. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Strongyloidiasis is infection caused by the roundworm Strongyloides stercoralis , which enters the body when bare skin comes in contact with soil contaminated with the worm. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hyperinfection syndrome causes widespread disease that affects the intestines, lungs, and skin, which are organs that are involved in the normal strongyloides life cycle, and then progresses to disseminated strongyloidiasis, which can affect other tissues not typically affected by strongyloidiasis, such as tissue covering of the brain and spinal cord (meninges), brain, liver, or other organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Strongyloides stercoralis . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis ( Strongyloides stercoralis ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Strongyloidiasis is an infectious disease attributed to Strongyloides stercoralis , the intestinal roundworm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis, caused by infections with the soil-transmitted helminth Strongyloides stercoralis and occasionally Strongyloides fuelleborni , is a highly neglected tropical disease (NTD) in tropical and subtropical settings. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted, intestinal parasitic neglected disease caused by the nematode genus Strongyloides. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The medication ivermectin is widely used to treat strongyloidiasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ivermectin or albendazole is used to treat strongyloidiasis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Finally, ivermectin (the drug of choice for treatment of strongyloidiasis) is not in use for control of the other soil-transmitted helminthiasis, nor is there ivermectin mass drug administration for control of strongyloidiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 2021-2030 road map for NTDs also give emphasis to strongyloidiasis and planned surveillance, ivermectin MDA, and establishment of easy diagnostic methods [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Methods: Patients treated at our centre for strongyloidiasis from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were identified through our ivermectin access log. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Patients with strongyloidiasis seen at our centre are treated with ivermectin, the first-line agent, or albendazole, both of which, until recently, were only available in Canada through application to the Special Access Programme (SAP) of Health Canada. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ivermectin is a medication that is approved by FDA in oral formulations to treat onchocerciasis (river blindness) and intestinal strongyloidiasis. (cdc.gov)
  • Consider empiric treatment in people deemed at risk of strongyloidiasis who require immediate immunosuppression. (cdc.gov)
  • Good personal hygiene can reduce the risk of strongyloidiasis. (online-family-doctor.com)
  • Given the potential complexity of patients with strongyloidiasis, we developed a safety tool to aid physicians in the management of strongyloidiasis and prevent adverse outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Haplotype/cluster determination could assist in the management of strongyloidiasis clinical evolution. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection) is a parasitic intestinal infection that occurs worldwide. (online-family-doctor.com)
  • however, this is often impractical (screen tests are often unavailable) and in developed countries, the prevalence of chronic strongyloidiasis is very small, so screening is usually not cost-effective, except in endemic areas. (wikipedia.org)
  • High prevalence and presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among African refugees. (qxmd.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis: A prevalence rate of 0.4-4% has been estimated in southern states. (medscape.com)
  • During chronic uncomplicated infections, the larvae may migrate to the skin, where they can cause cutaneous strongyloidiasis, known as larva currens because of the quick migratory rate of the larva. (medscape.com)
  • Although simple intestinal infections of strongyloidiasis are often manageable on an outpatient basis, the infection may persist for years due to the autoinfective capabilities of S. stercoralis [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our group works on the immunology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of helminth infections (particularly filariasis, strongyloidiasis, and hookworms), TB, and coexistent infectious diseases (helminths/ viruses and TB). (nih.gov)
  • The reality of global travel and need for modern advanced healthcare, even in the so-called "developed world", necessitates that in non-endemic areas there is easily accessible testing and screening for neglected tropical diseases such as strongyloidiasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • A targeted literature search around the standard treatment of strongyloidiasis outside of endemic areas was undertaken in order to define the optimal elements for inclusion in a strongyloidiasis safety tool. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chronic strongyloidiasis may produce a linear urticarial larva currens rash, with such individuals at risk for fatal hyperinfection if immunity is suppressed. (medscape.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis is the most neglected of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is used to treat river blindness (onchocerciasis) and a certain type of diarrhea (strongyloidiasis). (exportersindia.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis control and elimination programs should be based on reliable evidence of epidemiology of the disease in Ethiopia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • But if you have a weakened immune system, the worms can invade other parts of your body (disseminated strongyloidiasis), cause severe organ inflammation or bring bacteria into your bloodstream. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Fardet L, Généreau T, Poirot JL, Guidet B, Kettaneh A, Cabane J. Severe strongyloidiasis in corticosteroid-treated patients: case series and literature review. (medscape.com)
  • Repositorio consejería de sanidad de madrid: Management of severe strongyloidiasis attended at reference centers in Spain. (repositoriosaludmadrid.es)
  • Strongyloidiasis can become chronic and then become completely asymptomatic. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Disseminated strongyloidiasis occurs when patients with chronic strongyloidiasis become immunosuppressed. (wikipedia.org)
  • In malnourished children, strongyloidiasis remains an important cause of chronic diarrhea, cachexia, and failure to thrive. (medscape.com)
  • This repeating cycle can cause chronic strongyloidiasis, which can last for years without treatment. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Many Lost Boys and Girls of Sudan reported chronic abdominal pain only since arrival, and some received diagnoses of schistosomiasis or strongyloidiasis. (qxmd.com)
  • We offered a survey assessing chronic abdominal pain and serologic testing for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis to all 800 attendees of a Lost Boys and Girls of Sudan reunion in the United States. (qxmd.com)
  • The value of an immunoenzymatic test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in patients immunosuppressed by hematologic malignancies. (ajtmh.org)
  • The diagnosis of strongyloidiasis relies upon the identification of the parasite in stool samples. (ajtmh.org)
  • In 1981, a serologic assay was developed, which was useful in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in the immunocompetent host. (ajtmh.org)
  • The ELISA may be an excellent assay to rule out the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in patients with hematologic malignancies. (ajtmh.org)
  • Strongyloidiasis is a type of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • This commentary describes possible reasons why strongyloidiasis is the most overlooked of the NTDs in Ethiopia and highlights the way forward for better control and elimination of the disease together with soil-transmitted helminthiasis and other NTDs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, previous reports, control programs, and preventive chemotherapy (PC) guidelines often do not consider strongyloidiasis as part of the soil-transmitted helminthiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Distinctive characteristics of this parasite are its ability to persist and replicate within a host for decades while producing minimal or no symptoms in immune competent individuals and its potential to cause life-threatening infection (hyperinfection syndrome, disseminated strongyloidiasis) in an immunocompromised host (60%-85% mortality rate). (medscape.com)
  • Suspect strongyloidiasis in symptomatic patients who have a history of skin contact (i.e., bare feet) with soil in tropical or subtropical regions. (cdc.gov)
  • If indicated, treat these patients for strongyloidiasis before initiating immunosuppressive therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • Most patients with strongyloidiasis recover completely, but debilitation from protein loss occasionally is fatal. (online-family-doctor.com)
  • HTLV-1 decreases Th2 type of immune response in patients with strongyloidiasis. (medscape.com)
  • Of 37 patients with strongyloidiasis, 26 were in the pre-implementation group and 11 were in the post-implementation group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The safety tool may be useful in the treatment of patients with strongyloidiasis to improve documentation of patient outcomes and standardize care. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The safety tool is intended for use in patients with laboratory evidence of strongyloidiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis cause substantial morbidity and mortality among hundreds of millions of infected persons worldwide. (qxmd.com)
  • Among 100 Somali Bantu, 73% and 23% tested seropositive for schistosomiasis (primarily due to Schistosoma haematobium) and strongyloidiasis, respectively. (qxmd.com)
  • The high seroprevalence of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among Sudanese Lost Boys and Girls and Somali Bantu refugees supports presumptive treatment for these refugees. (qxmd.com)
  • The symptoms related to strongyloidiasis may reflect the nematode's systemic passage, its local cutaneous involvement, or both. (medscape.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis occurs in warm, moist areas such as the subtropics and tropics, including rural areas of the southern United States. (msdmanuals.com)
  • More than 76% of the global burden of strongyloidiasis occurs in South-east Asia, Africa, and Western Pacific regions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The next fear of overlooking strongyloidiasis from the NTDs would mean missing this disease from plan of 'Ending the neglect to attain Sustainable Development Goals: A road map for NTDs 2021-2030 [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although common in intestinal strongyloidiasis, peripheral blood eosinophilia is often absent in hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis. (cdc.gov)
  • Symptoms of strongyloidiasis are similar to many other illnesses, and some people have no noticeable symptoms at all. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What are the symptoms of strongyloidiasis? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Most people with a strongyloidiasis do not have symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Material y métodos : Serie de casos comparativa de 193 pacientes con LC tratados en tres ensayos clínicos con AM (n=69) y EGS (n=124) durante 2001-2010. (bvsalud.org)
  • The goals of pharmacotherapy in strongyloidiasis are to eradicate the infection, reduce morbidity, and prevent complications. (medscape.com)
  • Asdamongkol N, Pornsuriyasak P, Sungkanuparph S. Risk factors for strongyloidiasis hyperinfection and clinical outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • Atypical clinical presentation of strongyloidiasis in a patient co-infected with human T cell lymphotrophic virus type I. Am J Trop Med Hyg . (medscape.com)
  • Evaluation of strongyloidiasis in kennel dogs and keepers by parasitological and serological assays. (medscape.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis appears to be the most neglected of the NTDs mainly due to nature of the infection, low sensitivity of the routine diagnostic tools and it's exclusion from strategic plans and intervention programs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis: Global Status is one in a series of GIDEON ebooks which explore all individual infectious diseases, drugs, vaccines, outbreaks, surveys and pathogens in every country of the world. (gideononline.com)
  • The aim of this commentary is to describe the possible reasons why strongyloidiasis is so overlooked in Ethiopia, and shed light on better ways of control and elimination of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis: A Disease of Socioeconomic Disadvantage. (nih.gov)
  • Available at http://www.uptodate.com/contents/strongyloidiasis?source=search_result&selectedTitle=1%7E4 . (medscape.com)
  • Hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis are diagnosed by examining cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, stool, and other body fluids and tissues, which typically contain high numbers of filariform larva. (cdc.gov)
  • Untreated hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis are associated with high mortality rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Reduced efficacy of treatment of strongyloidiasis in HTLV-I carriers related to enhanced expression of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta1. (medscape.com)
  • This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a patient safety tool for the treatment of strongyloidiasis at our centre. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strongyloidiasis can cause life-threatening illness if you have a weakened immune system. (clevelandclinic.org)