Supraglottitis is a medical condition that refers to inflammation and swelling of the supraglottic region of the larynx (the voice box), which includes the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds, and false vocal cords. It is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can cause airway obstruction and difficulty breathing.

Supraglottitis can be caused by bacterial or viral infections, as well as other factors such as thermal or chemical injuries. Symptoms may include sore throat, difficulty swallowing, drooling, stridor (noisy breathing), and rapid heartbeat. Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes direct visualization of the larynx with a flexible scope.

Treatment of supraglottitis usually involves administering antibiotics to treat any underlying infection, as well as providing supportive care such as hydration and oxygen therapy. In severe cases, intubation or tracheostomy may be necessary to secure the airway and prevent respiratory failure.

Epiglottitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis, which is a flap of tissue that sits at the base of the tongue and covers the windpipe (trachea) during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway. When the epiglottis becomes inflamed and swollen, it can obstruct the flow of air into the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and other symptoms such as fever, sore throat, and drooling. Epiglottitis is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment, often with antibiotics and airway management measures such as intubation or tracheostomy.