Thymoma
Myasthenia Gravis
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Thymus Hyperplasia
Characterization of a novel mouse cDNA, ES18, involved in apoptotic cell death of T-cells. (1/823)
Using the modified screening approach in combination with expressed sequence tags, we have identified several novel cDNAs from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, whose expression is tissue-restricted and/or developmentally regulated. One of the cDNAs, ES18, is preferentially expressed in lymph node and thymus, and contains noteworthy features of transcriptional regulator. The expression of ES18 transcript was selectively regulated during the apoptosis of T-cell thymoma S49.1 induced by several stimuli. Interestingly, the ES18 transcript was differently regulated in the mutually antagonistic process, between dexamethasone- and A23187-induced cell death of T-cells. Moreover, the message level of ES18 was selectively enhanced by staurosporine, a broad protein kinase inhibitor, but not by other protein kinase inhibitors such as GF109203X and H89. In addition, ES18 transcript was induced by C2-ceramide, which is a mediator of both dexamethasone- and staurosporine-induced apoptotic signaling. We further showed that transient overexpression of ES18 in mouse T-cell lymphoma increased the apoptotic cell death. These data suggest that ES18 may be selectively involved in specific apoptotic processes in mouse T-cells. (+info)B7-2 expressed on EL4 lymphoma suppresses antitumor immunity by an interleukin 4-dependent mechanism. (2/823)
For T cells to become functionally activated they require at least two signals. The B7 costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2 provide the "second signal" pivotal for T cell activation. In this report, we studied the relative roles of B7-1 and B7-2 molecules in the induction of antitumor immunity to the T cell thymoma, EL4. We generated EL4 tumor cells that expressed B7-1, B7-2, and B7-1+B7-2 by transfecting murine cDNAs. Our results demonstrate that EL4-B7-1 cells are completely rejected in syngeneic mice. Unlike EL4-B7-1 cells, we find that EL4-B7-2 cells are not rejected but progressively grow in the mice. A B7-1- and B7-2-EL4 double transfectant was generated by introducing B7-2 cDNA into the EL4-B7-1 tumor line that regressed in vivo. The EL4-B7-1+B7-2 double transfectant was not rejected when implanted into syngeneic mice but progressively grew to produce tumors. The double transfectant EL4 cells could costimulate T cell proliferation that could be blocked by anti-B7-1 antibodies, anti-B7-2 antibodies, or hCTLA4 immunoglobulin, showing that the B7-1 and B7-2 molecules expressed on the EL4 cells were functional. In vivo, treatment of mice implanted with double-transfected EL4 cells with anti-B7-2 monoclonal antibody resulted in tumor rejection. Furthermore, the EL4-B7-2 and EL4-B7-1+B7-2 cells, but not the wild-type EL4 cells, were rejected in interleukin 4 (IL-4) knockout mice. Our data suggests that B7-2 expressed on some T cell tumors inhibits development of antitumor immunity, and IL-4 appears to play a critical role in abrogation of the antitumor immune response. (+info)Adoptive immunotherapy of a Gross virus producing lymphoma and a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma in tolerant rats. (3/823)
Immunological tolerance to Gross virus-specific transplantation antigens in rats given neonatae transfer of donor lymphoid cells beneath the kidney capsule of syngeneic recipient rats. Immune or normal donor cells invariably developed a cell-mediated immune reaction in kidneys of GV-tolerant recipients, presumably against GV antigens present on the surface of recipient lymphoid cells in the kidney. Spleen and lymph node cells from tolerant rats failed to develop a reaction in tolerant recipients, but developed a strong reaction to histoincompatible antigens in the kidneys of semisyngeneic tolerant rats. The immunologically tolerant state in the rats could be broken by adoptive transfer of spleen and lymph node cells from syngeneic rats immunized with GV-induced lymphoma cells. Immunotherapy of a GV-induced and also a GV-infected methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma growing in tolerant rats was successful when immune spleen and lymph node cells were administered i.p. 3 days after s.c. inoculation of 2 X 10(7) tumor cells in the case of the lymphoma, and 1 day after inoculation of 5 X 10(6) tumor cells in the case of the fibrosarcoma. (+info)Tumorigenicity of mouse thymoma is suppressed by soluble type II transforming growth factor beta receptor therapy. (4/823)
Many types of tumor cells overexpress transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), which is believed to promote tumor progression. We hypothesized that overexpression of the extracellular region of the type II TGF-beta receptor (soluble TbetaRII) would compete for or block TGF-beta binding to TbetaRs on immune cells, preventing TGF-beta-mediated immunosuppression and consequently resulting in the eradication of tumor cells. We tested this in the mouse thymoma cell line EL4, which has been reported to suppress cellular immunity by secreting a large amount of TGF-beta. Transduction of EL4 with recombinant retrovirus encoding soluble TbetaRII resulted in the secretion of heterogeneously glycosylated, 25 to 35 kDa truncated TbetaRII. Inoculation of 1 x 10(4) to 5 x 10(4) soluble TbetaRII-modified EL4 cells (EL4/Ts, EL4 cells transduced with recombinant retrovirus encoding soluble TbetaRII and neomycin resistance gene) s.c. to mice showed reduced tumorigenicity, as indicated by lower overall tumor incidence (7%, 1 of 14; P < 0.001) compared with unmodified EL4 (100%, 9 of 9) or vector-modified EL4 cells (EL4/neo, EL4 cells transduced with recombinant retrovirus encoding neomycin resistance gene; 100%, 4 of 4). Administration of mitomycin C-treated EL4/Ts cells (1 x 10(6)) after EL4 inoculation (1 x 10(4)) reduced tumor incidence from 100% (5 of 5 in mice inoculated with mitomycin C-treated EL4/neo) to 40% (4 of 10, P < 0.05), indicating that supply of soluble TbetaRII could actually block TGF-beta-mediated tumorigenesis. In vitro tumor cytotoxicity assays revealed 3-5-fold higher cytotoxic activity with lymphocytes from EL4/Ts-bearing mice compared with those from EL4- or EL4/neo-bearing mice, indicating that the observed tumor rejection was mediated by restoration of the tumor-specific cellular immunity. These data suggest that expression of soluble TbetaRII is an effective strategy for treating highly progressive tumors secreting TGF-beta. (+info)Invasive thymoma with long-term survival by extensive reoperation. (5/823)
The recurrence of invasive thymoma is often observed; however, no accepted treatment of recurrent invasive thymoma has yet been established. We herein report a 41-year-old woman with invasive thymoma and pleural dissemination who demonstrated long-term survival after undergoing 4 operations. Based on our findings, reoperation is thus suggested in patients with intrathoracic recurrence and long-term survival can be expected. (+info)Primary mediastinal malignancies: findings in 219 patients. (6/823)
The purpose of this study was to determine the demographics, histology, methods of treatment, and survival in primary mediastinal malignancies. We did a retrospective review of the statewide New Mexico Tumor Registry for all malignant tumors treated between January 1, 1973 and December 31, 1995. Benign tumors and cysts of the mediastinum were excluded. Two hundred nineteen patients were identified from a total of 110,284 patients with primary malignancies: 55% of tumors were lymphomas, 16% malignant germ cell tumors, 14% malignant thymomas, 5% sarcomas, 3% malignant neurogenic tumors, and 7% other tumors. There were significant differences in gender between histologies (P < 0.001). Ninety-four percent of germ cell tumors occurred in males, 66% of neurogenic tumors were in females; other tumors occurred in males in 58% of cases. There were also significant differences in ages by histology (P < 0.001). Neurogenic tumors were most common in the first decade, lymphomas and germ cell tumors in the second to fourth decades, and lymphomas and thymomas in patients in their fifth decades and beyond. Stage at presentation (P = 0.001) and treatment (P < 0.001) also differed significantly between histologic groups. Five-year survival was 54% for lymphomas, 51% for malignant germ cell tumors, 49% for malignant thymomas, 33% for sarcomas, 56% for neurogenic tumors, and 51% overall. These survival rates were not statistically different (P > 0.50). Lymphomas, malignant germ cell tumors, and thymomas were the most frequently encountered malignant primary mediastinal neoplasms in this contemporary series of patients. Demographics, stage at presentation, and treatment modality varied significantly by histology. Despite these differences, overall five-year survival was not statistically different. (+info)Promoter element for transcription of unrearranged T-cell receptor beta-chain gene in pro-T cells. (7/823)
The hallmark of T- and B-lymphocyte development is the rearrangement of variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments of T-cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) genes to generate a diverse repertoire of antigen receptor specificities in the immune system. The process of V(D)J recombination is shared in the rearrangement of all seven antigen receptor genes and is controlled by changes in chromatin structure, which regulate accessibility to the recombinase apparatus in a lineage- and stage-specific manner. These chromatin changes are linked to transcription of the locus in its unrearranged (germline) configuration. To understand how germline transcription of the TCRbeta-chain gene is regulated, we determined the structure of germline transcripts initiating near the Dbeta1 segment and identified a promoter within this region. The Dbeta1 promoter is active in the presence of the TCRbeta enhancer (Ebeta), and in this context, exhibits preferential activity in pro-T versus mature T-cell lines, as well as T- versus B-lineage specificity. These studies provide insight into the developmental regulation of TCRbeta germline transcription, one of the earliest steps in T-cell differentiation. (+info)Dermatomyositis associated with invasive thymoma. (8/823)
We report a case of dermatomyositis (DM) associated with invasive thymoma in a 22-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital complaining of dyspnea which required ventilation support. The reddened elevated scaly eruptions were prominent over the extensor surfaces. Chest X-ray and computed tomography showed mediastinal masses, which were diagnosed as mixed type thymoma. Muscle and skin biopsy specimens were compatible with DM. She was treated with methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by extended removal of the anterior mediastinal tumor and subsequent radiotherapy. She has had a good clinical course without recurrence of thymoma or DM for more than 3 years. The role of thymoma in the development of DM is discussed. (+info)Thymoma is a type of tumor that originates from the thymus gland, which is a part of the immune system located in the chest behind the breastbone. Thymomas are typically slow-growing and often do not cause any symptoms until they have grown quite large or spread to other parts of the body.
Thymomas can be classified into different types based on their appearance under a microscope, such as type A, AB, B1, B2, and B3. These classifications are important because they can help predict how aggressive the tumor is likely to be and how it should be treated.
Symptoms of thymoma may include cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or swelling in the face or neck. Thymomas can also be associated with autoimmune disorders such as myasthenia gravis, which affects muscle strength and mobility. Treatment for thymoma typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, often followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy to help prevent recurrence.
Thymus neoplasms are abnormal growths in the thymus gland that result from uncontrolled cell division. The term "neoplasm" refers to any new and abnormal growth of tissue, also known as a tumor. Thymus neoplasms can be benign or malignant (cancerous).
Malignant thymus neoplasms are called thymomas or thymic carcinomas. Thymomas are the most common type and tend to grow slowly, invading nearby tissues and organs. They can also spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Thymic carcinomas are rarer and more aggressive, growing and spreading more quickly than thymomas.
Symptoms of thymus neoplasms may include coughing, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or swelling in the neck or upper chest. Treatment options for thymus neoplasms depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.
Thymectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the thymus gland. The thymus gland is a part of the immune system located in the upper chest, behind the sternum (breastbone), and above the heart. It is responsible for producing white blood cells called T-lymphocytes, which help fight infections.
Thymectomy is often performed as a treatment option for patients with certain medical conditions, such as:
* Myasthenia gravis: an autoimmune disorder that causes muscle weakness and fatigue. In some cases, the thymus gland may contain abnormal cells that contribute to the development of myasthenia gravis. Removing the thymus gland can help improve symptoms in some patients with this condition.
* Thymomas: tumors that develop in the thymus gland. While most thymomas are benign (non-cancerous), some can be malignant (cancerous) and may require surgical removal.
* Myasthenic syndrome: a group of disorders characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue, similar to myasthenia gravis. In some cases, the thymus gland may be abnormal and contribute to the development of these conditions. Removing the thymus gland can help improve symptoms in some patients.
Thymectomy can be performed using various surgical approaches, including open surgery (through a large incision in the chest), video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS, using small incisions and a camera to guide the procedure), or robotic-assisted surgery (using a robot to perform the procedure through small incisions). The choice of surgical approach depends on several factors, including the size and location of the thymus gland, the patient's overall health, and the surgeon's expertise.
Myasthenia Gravis is a long-term autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that leads to muscle weakness. It occurs when communication between nerves and muscles is disrupted at the nerve endings, resulting in fewer impulses being transmitted to activate the muscles. This results in muscle weakness and rapid fatigue. The condition can affect any voluntary muscle, but it most commonly affects muscles of the eyes, face, throat, and limbs. Symptoms may include drooping eyelids (ptosis), double vision (diplopia), difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, and weakness in the arms and legs. The severity of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person, ranging from mild to life-threatening.
The disorder is caused by an abnormal immune system response that produces antibodies against the acetylcholine receptors in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction. These antibodies block or destroy the receptors, which leads to a decrease in the number of available receptors for nerve impulses to activate the muscle fibers.
Myasthenia Gravis can be treated with medications that improve communication between nerves and muscles, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, immunosuppressants, and plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to remove the harmful antibodies from the blood. With proper treatment, many people with Myasthenia Gravis can lead normal or nearly normal lives.
Paraneoplastic syndromes refer to a group of rare disorders that are caused by an abnormal immune system response to a cancerous (malignant) tumor. These syndromes are characterized by symptoms or signs that do not result directly from the growth of the tumor itself, but rather from substances produced by the tumor or the body's immune system in response to the tumor.
Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect various organs and systems in the body, including the nervous system, endocrine system, skin, and joints. Examples of paraneoplastic syndromes include Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), which affects nerve function and causes muscle weakness; cerebellar degeneration, which can cause difficulty with coordination and balance; and dermatomyositis, which is an inflammatory condition that affects the skin and muscles.
Paraneoplastic syndromes can occur in association with a variety of different types of cancer, including lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and lymphoma. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cancer, as well as managing the symptoms of the paraneoplastic syndrome.
Thymus hyperplasia is a condition where the thymus gland, which is a part of the immune system located in the upper chest beneath the breastbone, becomes enlarged due to an increase in the number of cells. This is different from a tumor, where there is an abnormal growth of cells that can be benign or cancerous.
Thymus hyperplasia can be classified into two types: true hyperplasia and lymphoid hyperplasia. True hyperplasia refers to an increase in the number of thymic epithelial cells, while lymphoid hyperplasia is an increase in the number of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) within the thymus gland.
Thymus hyperplasia can occur as a result of various factors, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and certain medications. In some cases, it may not cause any symptoms and may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies or other medical tests. However, in other cases, it may cause symptoms such as cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, and swallowing.
Treatment for thymus hyperplasia depends on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, while in others, medications or surgery may be required.
Thymoma
Thymoma with immunodeficiency
Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity
Pure red cell aplasia
Philip E. Bernatz
Thymic carcinoma
Myasthenia gravis
Protein kinase B
Tylosin
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease
Thymus
HHV-8-associated MCD
Castleman disease
Unicentric Castleman disease
Benjamin Castleman
Anti-VGKC-complex encephalitis
Deaths in May 2012
Thymectomy
Morvan's syndrome
Spin (House)
DAP3
Ocular myasthenia
Graft-versus-host disease
Aphagia
TNS4
Thymus hyperplasia
AKT1
AKT2
Kurt Felix (television presenter)
Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy
Thymoma - Wikipedia
Thymus Cancer | Thymoma | MedlinePlus
Thymoma: Background, Anatomy, Etiology
Thymoma mimicking a thyroid mass
Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma: Statistics | Cancer.Net
"Thoracic Techniques: Robotic Thymectomy for Thymoma" by Shaun...
Swimming Heart: A Pleural, Pulmonary and Pericardial Disseminated Thymoma
Thymoma : Type B1 (Lymphocyte-rich)
Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone due to Malignant Thymoma | Nephron | Karger Publishers
Thymoma: Background, Anatomy, Etiology
Late recurrent thymoma in myasthenia gravis: a case series | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Thymoma | Radiology Case | Radiopaedia.org
Thymoma associated with hypogammaglobulinaemia and pure red cell aplasia - ecancer
Thymoma associated with hypogammaglobulinaemia and pure red cell aplasia - ecancer
Rabbit thymoma? Trouble breathing - xrays shown. | Ask A Vet
Thymoma complicated with myasthenia gravis and Good syndrome - a therapeutic conundrum: a case report. - International...
Minimally Invasive Thoracic Surgery,Lung Cancer,Esophageal Cancer,Thymoma and Thymic Cancer Memphis magazine
Metastatic thymoma with myasthenia gravis: complete remission with combination chemotherapy.
Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with myasthenia gravis and thymoma with immunodeficiency/Good's syndrome: a case report |...
AID 163329 - Specific binding was evaluated by Phycoerythrin fluorescent labeling of R1EGO mouse thymoma cells - PubChem
thymoma | Taber's Medical Dictionary
Thymoma: Background, Anatomy, Etiology
Thymoma: Background, Anatomy, Etiology
Graft-versus-host disease - Wikipedia
The National Oncology Trainees Collaborative Thymoma Project
https://www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/hp/rare-childhood-cancers-pdq
Prognostic factors in patients with thymoma who underwent surgery | World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Full Text
Ectopic Cervical Thymoma (Concept Id: C2986869) - MedGen - NCBI
Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma-Case Report<...
Metastatic thymoma5
- Scholars@Duke publication: Metastatic thymoma with myasthenia gravis: complete remission with combination chemotherapy. (duke.edu)
- Metastatic thymoma was found in the pleura 45 months after the initial surgical resection. (duke.edu)
- Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin produced a complete remission of the metastatic thymoma which has continued for 13 months. (duke.edu)
- Metastatic thymoma on Computer Tomography (CT) of the chest. (biomedcentral.com)
- Chest computed tomography (CT) showed numerous pleural nodules ("drop metastases"), and CT-guided biopsy revealed metastatic thymoma. (elsevierpure.com)
Combined immunodeficiency1
- 10-15% of patients with MG have a thymoma and, conversely, 30-45% of patients with thymomas have MG. Additional associated autoimmune conditions include thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity, pure red cell aplasia and Good syndrome (thymoma with combined immunodeficiency and hypogammaglobulinemia). (wikipedia.org)
Pure red cel4
- We report on the case of a 55-year-old man diagnosed with advanced thymoma, who, during the progression of his disease, developed signs and symptoms suggesting Good's syndrome and pure red cell aplasia. (ecancer.org)
- Pure red cell aplasia is described in less than 10% of patients with thymoma and is characterised by an erythropoiesis insufficiency, with granulopoiesis and megakariopoiesis conservation [ 11 ]. (ecancer.org)
- Pure red cell aplasia may be the initial finding that leads to the diagnosis of thymoma or may develop after diagnosis. (ecancer.org)
- Although the association of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and aplastic anemia with thymoma is well-known, acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AAMT) is not a recognized paraneoplastic manifestation of thymoma. (nccn.org)
Thymic16
- Thymic medullary epithelial cells in contrast are spindle shaped with oval dense nucleus and scant cytoplasm thymoma if recapitulates cortical cell features more, is thought to be less benign. (wikipedia.org)
- You will find information about the estimated number of people who will be diagnosed with thymoma and thymic carcinoma each year. (cancer.net)
- How many people are diagnosed with thymoma and thymic carcinoma? (cancer.net)
- What is the survival rate for thymoma and thymic carcinoma cancer? (cancer.net)
- There are different types of statistics that can help doctors evaluate a person's chance of recovery from thymoma or thymic carcinoma. (cancer.net)
- Relative survival rate looks at how likely people with thymoma or thymic carcinoma are to survive for a certain amount of time after their initial diagnosis or start of treatment compared to the expected survival of similar people without these cancers. (cancer.net)
- It is important to remember that statistics on the survival rates for people with thymoma or thymic carcinoma are only an estimate. (cancer.net)
- Experts measure relative survival rate statistics for thymoma and thymic carcinoma cancer every 5 years. (cancer.net)
- This means the estimate may not reflect the results of advancements in how thymoma and thymic carcinoma cancer are diagnosed or treated from the last 5 years. (cancer.net)
- It explains what factors may increase the chance of developing thymoma or thymic carcinoma. (cancer.net)
- The most common cancer affecting the chest of rabbits is either thymoma or thymic lymphoma. (askavetquestion.com)
- Introduction: Thymic carcinoma and thymoma are rare, accounting for less than 1% of adult cancers and associated with poor prognosis. (uknotch.com)
- Methods: Three hundred and thirty two consecutive adult patients presenting with histologically or radiologically diagnosed thymoma, thymic carcinoma or thymic carcinoid between November 2008 and November 2018 at six centres were retrospectively identified. (uknotch.com)
- Of this population, 250 had thymoma and 74 had thymic carcinoma. (uknotch.com)
- The role of the thymus in myasthenia is unclear, but 65% of patients have thymic hyperplasia, and 10% have a thymoma. (msdmanuals.com)
- The clinical significance of anti-MuSK antibodies is still under study, but patients with these antibodies are much less likely to have thymic hyperplasia or a thymoma, may be less responsive to anticholinesterase drugs, and may require more aggressive early immunotherapy than patients who have AChR antibodies. (msdmanuals.com)
Recurrent thymoma2
- We undertook a review of the patient records from a dedicated MG clinic at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and identified cases of late recurrent thymoma. (bmj.com)
- This report discusses a patient with recurrent thymoma complicated by myasthenia gravis, PRCA, and AAMT. (nccn.org)
Resection11
- Recurrences of thymoma are described in 10-30% of cases up to 10 years after surgical resection, and in the majority of cases also pleural recurrences can be removed. (wikipedia.org)
- This interval was chosen based on a study showing that thymoma recurrence was usually observed within 6.25 years after the initial resection. (bmj.com)
- A 29-year-old male developed myasthenia gravis 29 months after resection of a 'benign' mediastinal thymoma. (duke.edu)
- In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic factors of patients with thymoma who received radical resection and establish the nomogram to predict the prognosis of these patients. (biomedcentral.com)
- Patients who underwent radical resection for thymoma with complete follow-up data between 2005 and 2021 were enrolled. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this study, we analyzed several indicators after surgical resection of thymoma to determine important prognostic factors. (biomedcentral.com)
- Patients who underwent radical resection for thymoma at our hospital with complete follow-up and histopathological data from 2005 to 2021 were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. (biomedcentral.com)
- Late-onset myasthenia gravis successfully treated with local resection of cervical ectopic thymoma. (nih.gov)
- Introduction: We describe an unusual case of pleural drop metastases 21 years after complete resection of an encapsulated thymoma in a Southeast Asian patient with myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods: This investigation includes a case report and brief review of the literature. (elsevierpure.com)
- Despite apparent complete resection of thymoma, clinicians should remain vigilant for recurrence for as long as 20 years after initial management. (elsevierpure.com)
- Both PRCA and AAMT are diagnosed after a thymoma recurrence, 11 years after complete resection of the initial tumor and nine months after chemotherapy for the relapsed disease. (nccn.org)
Benign2
- The masses had clinical features similar to those previously reported for cervical thymoma: preponderance in women, benign clinical course, and absence of myasthenic symptoms. (nih.gov)
- Background and objective: Thymoma is a rare malignant tumor that usually with an indolent presentation, which was falsely assumed to be benign previously. (ui.ac.id)
Ectopic cervical thymoma5
- Two cases of ectopic cervical thymoma are presented. (nih.gov)
- Ectopic cervical thymoma accompanied by Good's syndrome. (nih.gov)
- Ectopic cervical thymoma located in the carotid triangle. (nih.gov)
- Ectopic cervical thymoma: a case report with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography findings. (nih.gov)
- Fine needle cytology and flow cytometry of ectopic cervical thymoma: a case report. (nih.gov)
Tumors2
- Thymoma is the most common neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum, accounting for 20-25% of all mediastinal tumors and 50% of anterior mediastinal masses. (medscape.com)
- Most tumors that begin in the thymus are thymoma, but overall, thymoma is uncommon. (cancer.net)
Recurrence2
Murine thymoma2
- Here, we have performed a prospective nationwide genetic association study using the Human Exome BeadChip and identified gene variants in encoding dynactin 4 ( DCTN4 ), retinoic acid early transcript 1E ( RAET1E ), and V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3 ( AKT3 ) to be associated with unfavourable outcome in patients with pneumococcal meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results show that the murine thymoma cell line EL-4 is superior to peripheral blood mononuclear cells in both cellular outgrowth and cloning experiments, whereas monocyte-derived factors and monocyte cell lines were less capable than peripheral blood mononuclear cells in enhancing cellular outgrowth and cloning. (lu.se)
Malignant thymoma5
- The prognosis is worse for patients with symptomatic thymomas because these patients are more likely to have a malignant thymoma. (medscape.com)
- The authors present the case of a 51-year-old female with a syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) due to a malignant thymoma. (karger.com)
- This is a rare description of a malignant thymoma associated with SIADH. (karger.com)
- Almong C, Horowitz M, Burke M: Steroid therapy in inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone due to malignant thymoma. (karger.com)
- Levin L, Sealy R, Barron J: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion following dis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II in a patient with malignant thymoma. (karger.com)
Good's2
- The presence of inter-current infections, especially diarrhoea and pneumonia, in the presence of lymphocyte B depletion and hypogammaglobulinaemia is known as Good's syndrome and may affect up to 5% of patients with thymoma. (ecancer.org)
- Acquired immunodeficiency in thymoma (Good's syndrome) without hypogammaglobulinemia is a rare condition. (elsevierpure.com)
Cervical1
- A thymoma that arises in the cervical region and is not connected with the thymus gland. (nih.gov)
Diagnosis2
- A biopsy of the mediastinal mass was performed and the diagnosis of thymoma with SIADH was established. (karger.com)
- The reason for the delayed diagnosis in this case was likely due to that initial blood cultures were negative due to preceding antibiotic treatment, discrepancies between echocardiographic investigations, and a thymoma and colonic polyps which were thought to explain the symptoms. (lu.se)
Differential1
- Thymoma in the differential. (radiopaedia.org)
Radiotherapy2
- Treatment options for thymoma include surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
- Although radiotherapy is commonly administered for thymoma, our findings suggest that physicians should consider carrying out lymphocyte counts during thymoma treatment. (elsevierpure.com)
Prognosis2
- However, all these identified factors are not sufficient to explain the prognosis of patients with thymoma with large heterogeneous features. (biomedcentral.com)
- We tried to investigate the presence of TP53 and EGFR mutations among thymoma patients referred to an Indonesian referral respiratory hospital and to discuss its potential role in thymoma management and prognosis. (ui.ac.id)
Thymus4
- A thymoma is a tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the thymus that is considered a rare malignancy. (wikipedia.org)
- Thymoma originates from the epithelial cell population in the thymus, and several microscopic subtypes are now recognized. (wikipedia.org)
- Thymoma originates within the epithelial cells of the thymus, a lymphoid organ located in the anterior mediastinum. (medscape.com)
- Thymus gland's surrounding vascular and neural structures may be invaded during spread of thymoma. (medscape.com)
Patients16
- thymoma is found in 20% of patients with myasthenia gravis. (wikipedia.org)
- As many as 30-40% of patients who have a thymoma experience symptoms suggestive of MG. An additional 5% of patients who have a thymoma have other systemic syndromes, including red cell aplasia, dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Cushing syndrome, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). (medscape.com)
- Between 10% and 20% of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) have a thymoma. (bmj.com)
- Myasthenic symptoms often remain after removal of a thymoma, with over 80% of the patients requiring continued immunosuppression. (bmj.com)
- The prognostic factors of patients with thymoma still need to be clarified. (biomedcentral.com)
- A total of 137 patients with thymoma were enrolled. (biomedcentral.com)
- Neutrophil count was the most important predictor of OS in patients with thymoma. (biomedcentral.com)
- Smoking status and tumor size are risk factors for PFS in patients with thymoma. (biomedcentral.com)
- The nomograms developed in this study accurately predict PFS and OS rates at 5 and 10 years in patients with thymoma based on individual characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
- At the same time, the predictive nomogram models were established based on the risk factors of thymoma patients, and the performance of nomogram was measured. (biomedcentral.com)
- Material and methods: Surgically resected tumor tissues were collected from thymoma patients and then underwent genomic analysis. (ui.ac.id)
- Conclusion: TP53 and EGFR mutations were not most frequent, so it seems that these genes are not involved in the pathogenesis of thymoma in Indonesian patients. (ui.ac.id)
- This case advocates that thymoma patients appear to have a predisposition towards developing additional neoplasms, as breast carcinoma. (tsakiridiskosmas.gr)
- Clinicians should be aware of the increased incidence of extrathymic cancers, occurring in thymoma patients. (tsakiridiskosmas.gr)
- Over a 13-year period, a total of 37 patients were treated for advanced thymoma with a combination of four chemotherapeutic drugs: cisplatin, doxorubicin, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide. (readabstracts.com)
- Therefore, it may be appropriate to include the ADOC therapy as adjuvant therapy for patients undergoing surgery for thymoma. (readabstracts.com)
Tumor2
- When a thymoma is suspected, a CT/CAT scan is generally performed to estimate the size and extent of the tumor, and the lesion is sampled with a CT-guided needle biopsy. (wikipedia.org)
- Thymoma is the most common primary tumor in the anterior mediastinum. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell immunodeficiency2
- Good syndrome is the association of thymoma with combined B cell and T cell immunodeficiency. (iasp-pain.org)
- Here we describe the case of a 29-year-old Japanese woman with thymoma-associated T cell immunodeficiency after radiation therapy. (elsevierpure.com)
Thymectomy1
- Thoracic Techniques: Robotic Thymectomy for Thymoma" Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology Vol. 4 Iss. (bepress.com)
Invasive1
- The 15-year survival rate is 12.5% for a person with an invasive thymoma and 47% for a person with a noninvasive thymoma. (medscape.com)
Treatment5
- The Masaoka Staging System is used widely and is based on the anatomic extent of disease at the time of surgery: I: Completely encapsulated IIA: Microscopic invasion through the capsule into surrounding fatty tissue IIB: Macroscopic invasion into capsule III: Macroscopic invasion into adjacent organs IVA: Pleural or pericardial implants IVB: Lymphogenous or hematogenous metastasis to distant (extrathoracic) sites Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for thymoma. (wikipedia.org)
- Because of the well-documented propensity for late recurrences, long-term survival should be considered in terms of a 10-year follow-up after treatment of the thymoma. (medscape.com)
- We believe that these results will improve our understanding of thymoma and facilitate the development of individualized treatment and optimal follow-up strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
- Successful treatment of thymoma-associat. (uludag.edu.tr)
- Unfortunately, studies of single chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of advanced thymoma have been disappointing. (readabstracts.com)
Antidiuretic hormone1
- Donadio AC, Dragnev KH, Schwartz GK: Thymoma associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and myastenia gravis. (karger.com)
20211
- 2021. https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/768658/0/thymoma. (unboundmedicine.com)
Cancer1
- Coincidence of thymoma and breast cancer and in a 56-year-old female patient. (tsakiridiskosmas.gr)
Gravis1
- Thymoma complicated with myasthenia gravis and Good syndrome - a therapeutic conundrum: a case report. (iasp-pain.org)
Disease1
- Conclusions: The average disease-free interval for thymoma ranges from 68 to 86 months. (elsevierpure.com)
Symptoms2
- A third of all people with a thymoma have symptoms caused by compression of the surrounding organs by an expansive mass. (wikipedia.org)
- One-third to one-half of all persons with thymoma have no symptoms at all, and the mass is identified on a chest X-ray or CT/CAT scan performed for an unrelated problem. (wikipedia.org)
Findings1
- These findings are consistent with thymoma, type AB or mixed thymoma. (uab.edu)
Lesions1
- Core biopsies from both lesions, revealed a lobular carcinoma of the breast classic type, grade II (e-cadherin-, ER+, PR+, Her-2-, Ki-67 10%) and a B3 thymoma (CK19+, CD5+) penetrating the pericardium and the left lung. (tsakiridiskosmas.gr)
Complete1
- Both PRCA and AAMT responded to immunosuppression with cyclosporine, corticosteroid, and an abbreviated course of antithymocyte globulin, achieving a very good erythroid response and a complete remission for AAMT, suggesting that AAMT, although extremely rare, can be an immune-mediated paraneoplastic manifestation of thymoma. (nccn.org)