Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean
Trypsin Inhibitors
Soybeans
Bowman Membrane
Bowman Capsule
Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic
Trypsin
Trypsin Inhibitor, Kunitz Soybean
Aprotinin
Chymotrypsin
Protease Inhibitors
Trypsinogen
Kidney Glomerulus
Amino Acid Sequence
Plant Proteins
Molecular Sequence Data
The role of the P2' position of Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor in the inhibition of trypsin. Studies on P2' variation in cyclic peptides encompassing the reactive site loop. (1/92)
The role of the P2' residue in proteinase inhibitors of the Bowman-Birk family was investigated using synthetic cyclic peptides based on the reactive site loop of the inhibitor. A series of 21 variants having different P2' residues was tested for inhibition of trypsin, and the rate at which they were hydrolysed by this enzyme was also measured. Variation at P2' was found to result in marked differences in inhibitory potency, with the best sequence (Ile) having a Ki value of 9 nM. Peptides with P2' Gly, Pro or Glu failed to demonstrate any measurable inhibition (Ki>1 mM). The peptides also displayed significant differences in the rates at which they were hydrolysed, which varied by over three orders of magnitude between the difference sequences. There was found to be overall correlation between the Ki value and the rate of hydrolysis, with peptides that inhibited best also being hydrolysed more slowly. The results are discussed in light of the sequence information for Bowman-Birk inhibitor proteins. (+info)Relationship between protease activity and neu oncogene expression in patients with oral leukoplakia treated with the Bowman Birk Inhibitor. (2/92)
The protease catalyzing the hydrolysis of the tripeptide fluorescence substrate, butoxycarbonyl-valine-proline-arginine-(7-amino-4-methylcoumarin) (Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-MCA) and the neu oncogenic protein are potentially useful biomarkers for human cancer prevention studies. In the present study, we standardized a specific substrate hydrolysis method for measuring this protease activity in human oral mucosal cells and characterized the relationship between neu oncogene expression and protease activity in patients enrolled in an oral cancer prevention trial using Bowman Birk Inhibitor Concentrate (BBIC) as the cancer preventive agent. The results demonstrate that changes in the protease activity in oral mucosal cells after BBIC treatment correlated with the changes in the neu protein levels in oral mucosal cells (r = 0.726, P < 0.001) and serum (r = 0.675, P < 0.001), suggesting that the Boc-Val-Pro-Arg-MCA hydrolyzing activity can be as useful as neu oncogene expression as a cancer biomarker. In the 25 patients enrolled in the study, the level of neu protein in oral mucosal cells correlated with the serum neu protein concentration in the patients before BBIC treatment (r = 0.645, P < 0.001). However, such a correlation was not observed after the BBIC treatment, suggesting that BBI may inhibit serine protease(s) involved in the cleavage of neu protein on the cell surface, thereby preventing the release of the extracellular domain of neu protein into the circulation. By inhibiting the cleavage of neu protein on the cell surface, BBI could prevent malignant and premalignant cells expressing high levels of neu protein antigen from escaping host immunological surveillance control. (+info)Interaction between duodenase, a proteinase with dual specificity, and soybean inhibitors of Bowman-Birk and Kunitz type. (3/92)
The interaction between duodenase, which belongs to a group of Janus-faced proteinases, and classical Bowman--Birk (BBI) and Kunitz (STI) type inhibitors from soybean was investigated. Duodenase was shown to interact only with the antichymotrypsin site (Leu-Ser) of BBI, whereas the antitrypsin site (Lys-Ser) of the inhibitor appeared to be vacant and capable of interaction with trypsin. The inhibition constants of duodenase by BBI, the BBI--trypsin complex, and STI were 4, 400, and 40 nM, respectively. (+info)Single-dose administration of Bowman-Birk inhibitor concentrate in patients with oral leukoplakia. (4/92)
The Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) is a soybean-derived serine protease inhibitor and a potential cancer chemopreventive agent for humans. In this Phase I clinical trial, BBI concentrate was administered as a single oral dose to 24 subjects with oral leukoplakia. Pharmacokinetics of BBI was analyzed, and subjects were monitored clinically for toxic effects. Subjects received between 25 and 800 chymotrypsin inhibitor units (CIU) of the compound in a dose escalation trial. BBI was taken up rapidly, and a metabolic product of BBI was excreted in the urine within 24-48 h. No clinical or laboratory evidence of toxicity was observed in the study. Protease activity was also measured in buccal cells to evaluate usefulness as a biomarker. Single-dose BBI concentrate administered up to 800 CIU was well tolerated and appeared to be nontoxic. Further investigation in Phase II clinical trials is being done. (+info)Purification of collagenase and specificity of its related enzyme from Bacillus subtilis FS-2. (5/92)
A collagenase in the culture supernatant of B. subtilis FS-2, isolated from traditional fish sauce, was purified. The enzyme had a molecular mass of about 125 kDa. It degraded gelatin with maximum activity at pH 9 and a temperature of 50 degrees C. The purified enzyme was stable over a wide range of pH (5-10) and lost only 15% and 35% activity after incubation at 60 degrees C and 65 degrees C for 30 min, respectively. Slightly inhibited by EDTA, soybean tripsin inhibitor, iodoacetamide, and iodoacetic acid, the enzyme was severely inhibited by 2-beta-mercaptoethanol and DFP. The protease from B. subtilis FS-2 culture digested acid casein into fragments with hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids as C-terminals, in particular Asn, Gly, Val, and Ile. (+info)Inhibition spectra of the human pancreatic endopeptidases. (6/92)
The present work describes the effect of seven naturally occurring proteinase inhibitors on the human pancreatic endopeptidases cationic trypsin, anionic trypsin, chymotrypsin I, chymotrypsin II, and protease E (an elastase-like protease). The inhibitors tested in order of their decreasing effectiveness were alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-antitrypsin), lima bean trypsin inhibitor, soybean trypsin inhibitor, Bowman-Birk (soybean) inhibitor, Kunitz pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, porcine Kazal inhibitor, and chicken ovomucoid. The human trypsins demonstrated a higher degree of susceptibility to these inhibitors than did the chymotrypsins while human protease E showed remarkably little inhibition by any of these naturally occurring proteinase inhibitors except for alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor. The contribution of each of these proteolytic enzymes to the total proteolytic activity of crude extracts was also investigated using specific active-site directed reagents. These studies revealed that the trypsins constituted approximately 35% of the proteolytic activity while the chymotrypsins represent approximately 32% of the total proteolytic activity. Human protease E and possibly human pancreatic elastase are responsible for approximately 21% of this activity as measured on crude pancreatic extracts. (+info)Urinary excretion of Bowman-Birk inhibitor in humans after soy consumption as determined by a monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay. (7/92)
The Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) found in soybeans is a serine protease inhibitor with anticarcinogenic activity. In the present study, an ELISA for BBI was developed with the use of a monoclonal antibody against a reduced form of BBI. This newly developed ELISA method was used to measure the urinary levels of BBI metabolites in nine human subjects after consumption of 36-oz or 60-oz soymilk (containing 105 or 175 mg of BBI) at two time points 36 h apart. The results demonstrate that urinary BBI excretion rates peaked within 6 h and decreased to baseline levels within 12-24 h after soymilk ingestion. The changes in BBI:creatinine ratios in urine closely paralleled the changes in urinary BBI excretion rates after soymilk consumption. These data suggest that BBI ingested p.o. is absorbed and could be bioavailable for cancer chemoprevention in other organs in addition to those in the gastrointestinal tract. (+info)Clinical modulation of oral leukoplakia and protease activity by Bowman-Birk inhibitor concentrate in a phase IIa chemoprevention trial. (8/92)
Bowman-Birk inhibitor is a protease inhibitor derived from soybeans that has demonstrated chemopreventive activity in a number of in vitro and animal systems. We conducted a 1-month phase IIa clinical trial of Bowman-Birk inhibitor concentrate (BBIC) in patients with oral leukoplakia. BBIC was administered to 32 subjects with oral leukoplakia for 1 month. We assessed toxicity and clinical and histological response of the lesions, and oral mucosal cell protease activity (PA) and serum micronutrient levels were measured. Clinical response was determined by measurement of pre- and posttreatment individual and total lesion areas and analysis of blinded clinical judgments of photographs. On the basis of prespecified response criteria, 31% of patients achieved a clinical response (two with complete and eight with partial responses). BBIC was nontoxic in doses up to 1066 chymotrypsin inhibitory units. The mean pretreatment total lesion area decreased from 615 to 438 mm2 after BBIC treatment (P < 0.004). A linear fit of the dose-response relationship between dose of BBIC and decrease in total lesion area was suggested (P < 0.08), and analysis of blinded clinical impression from lesion photographs confirmed this relationship (P < 0.01). Overall, at all doses tested, a 24.2% decrease in total lesion area was observed following treatment (sign rank = -142; P < 0.004). High pretreatment PA was associated with greater decreases in PA after BBIC administration (P < 0.02). BBIC demonstrated clinical activity after oral administration to patients with oral leukoplakia. These results indicate that BBIC should be investigated for chemopreventive activity in a randomized clinical trial. (+info)The Trypsin Inhibitor, Bowman-Birk Soybean is a type of protease inhibitor that is found in soybeans. It is named after its discoverer, Henry B. Bowman, and the location where it was first discovered, the Birk farm in Ohio. This protein inhibits the activity of trypsin, an enzyme that helps digest proteins in the body.
The Bowman-Birk Trypsin Inhibitor (BBTI) is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 8000 Da and consists of two inhibitory domains, each containing a reactive site for trypsin. This dual inhibitory property allows BBTI to inhibit both trypsin and chymotrypsin, another proteolytic enzyme.
BBTI has been studied extensively due to its potential health benefits. It has been shown to have anti-cancer properties, as it can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce apoptosis (programmed cell death). Additionally, BBTI may also have anti-inflammatory effects and has been shown to protect against oxidative stress.
However, it is important to note that excessive consumption of BBTI may interfere with protein digestion and absorption in the body, as it inhibits trypsin activity. Therefore, soybeans and soybean-derived products should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Trypsin inhibitors are substances that inhibit the activity of trypsin, an enzyme that helps digest proteins in the small intestine. Trypsin inhibitors can be found in various foods such as soybeans, corn, and raw egg whites. In the case of soybeans, trypsin inhibitors are denatured and inactivated during cooking and processing.
In a medical context, trypsin inhibitors may be used therapeutically to regulate excessive trypsin activity in certain conditions such as pancreatitis, where there is inflammation of the pancreas leading to the release of activated digestive enzymes, including trypsin, into the pancreas and surrounding tissues. By inhibiting trypsin activity, these inhibitors can help reduce tissue damage and inflammation.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "soybeans" are not a medical term. They are a type of legume that is commonly used in agriculture and food production. The medical community might discuss soybeans in the context of nutrition or allergies, but there isn't a formal medical definition for this term.
Here's some general information: Soybeans, scientifically known as Glycine max, are native to East Asia and are now grown worldwide. They are a significant source of plant-based protein and oil. Soybeans contain various nutrients, including essential amino acids, fiber, B vitamins, and minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. They are used in various food products such as tofu, soy milk, tempeh, and miso. Additionally, soybeans are also used in the production of industrial products, including biodiesel, plastics, and inks. Some people may have allergic reactions to soybeans or soy products.
The Bowman membrane, also known as the Bowman's capsule, is a part of the nephron in the kidney. It is the outermost layer of the renal corpuscle and surrounds the glomerulus. The primary function of the Bowman membrane is to filter blood and produce urine.
The Bowman membrane is composed of two layers: an inner visceral layer, which is closely applied to the glomerular capillaries, and an outer parietal layer, which forms the inner lining of the Bowman's capsule. The space between these two layers is called the urinary space or Bowman's space.
The filtration process in the Bowman membrane allows for the passage of small molecules such as water, glucose, and amino acids from the blood into the urinary space, while larger molecules like proteins and blood cells are retained in the bloodstream. The fluid that passes through the Bowman membrane then flows into the tubular part of the nephron, where it is further modified before being excreted as urine.
The Bowman capsule is the initial component of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. It is a structural and functional part of the renal corpuscle, along with the glomerulus. The Bowman capsule surrounds the glomerulus and serves as a site for filtration, helping to separate small molecules from blood cells and large proteins in the process known as urine formation.
The Bowman capsule is composed of a single layer of epithelial cells called podocytes, which have foot-like processes that interdigitate with each other and form filtration slits. These slits are covered by a thin diaphragm, allowing for the passage of small molecules while retaining larger ones. The space within the Bowman capsule is called the urinary space or Bowman's space, where the filtrate from the blood collects before moving into the tubular system for further processing and eventual excretion as urine.
Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic is a type of protein that is produced in the pancreas and functions as an inhibitor to trypsin, which is a proteolytic enzyme involved in digestion. Specifically, this inhibitor belongs to the Kazal-type serine protease inhibitors. It helps regulate the activity of trypsin within the pancreas, preventing premature activation and potential damage to pancreatic tissue. Any imbalance or deficiency in this inhibitor can lead to pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis.
Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme, specifically a serine protease, that is secreted by the pancreas as an inactive precursor, trypsinogen. Trypsinogen is converted into its active form, trypsin, in the small intestine by enterokinase, which is produced by the intestinal mucosa.
Trypsin plays a crucial role in digestion by cleaving proteins into smaller peptides at specific arginine and lysine residues. This enzyme helps to break down dietary proteins into amino acids, allowing for their absorption and utilization by the body. Additionally, trypsin can activate other zymogenic pancreatic enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidases, thereby contributing to overall protein digestion.
Trypsin inhibitor, Kunitz soybean, also known as Bowman-Birk inhibitor, is a type of protease inhibitor found in soybeans. It is a small protein molecule that inhibits the activity of trypsin, a digestive enzyme that helps break down proteins in the body. The Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor has two binding sites for trypsin and is resistant to digestion, making it biologically active in the gastrointestinal tract. It can inhibit the absorption of trypsin and regulate its activity, which may have implications for protein digestion and the regulation of certain physiological processes.
Aprotinin is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called serine protease inhibitors. It works by inhibiting the activity of certain enzymes in the body that can cause tissue damage and bleeding. Aprotinin is used in medical procedures such as heart bypass surgery to reduce blood loss and the need for blood transfusions. It is administered intravenously and its use is typically stopped a few days after the surgical procedure.
Aprotinin was first approved for use in the United States in 1993, but its use has been restricted or withdrawn in many countries due to concerns about its safety. In 2006, a study found an increased risk of kidney damage and death associated with the use of aprotinin during heart bypass surgery, leading to its withdrawal from the market in Europe and Canada. However, it is still available for use in the United States under a restricted access program.
It's important to note that the use of aprotinin should be carefully considered and discussed with the healthcare provider, taking into account the potential benefits and risks of the medication.
Soybean proteins are the proteins derived from soybeans, a legume native to East Asia. Soybeans contain approximately 40% protein by weight, making them a significant source of plant-based protein. The two major types of soy protein are:
1. Soy protein isolate (SPI): This is a highly refined protein that contains at least 90% protein by weight. It is made by removing carbohydrates and fiber from defatted soy flour, leaving behind a protein-rich powder. SPI is often used as an ingredient in various food products, including meat alternatives, energy bars, and beverages.
2. Soy protein concentrate (SPC): This type of soy protein contains approximately 70% protein by weight. It is made by removing some of the carbohydrates from defatted soy flour, leaving behind a higher concentration of proteins. SPC has applications in food and industrial uses, such as in textured vegetable protein (TVP) for meat alternatives, baked goods, and functional foods.
Soy proteins are considered high-quality proteins due to their complete amino acid profile, containing all nine essential amino acids necessary for human nutrition. They also have various health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol levels, improving bone health, and promoting muscle growth and maintenance. However, it is important to note that soy protein consumption should be balanced with other protein sources to ensure a diverse intake of nutrients.
Soybean oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the soybean (Glycine max). It is one of the most widely consumed cooking oils and is also used in a variety of food and non-food applications.
Medically, soybean oil is sometimes used as a vehicle for administering certain medications, particularly those that are intended to be absorbed through the skin. It is also used as a dietary supplement and has been studied for its potential health benefits, including its ability to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
However, it's important to note that soybean oil is high in omega-6 fatty acids, which can contribute to inflammation when consumed in excess. Therefore, it should be used in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme, specifically a serine protease, that is produced in the pancreas and secreted into the small intestine as an inactive precursor called chymotrypsinogen. Once activated, chymotrypsin helps to digest proteins in food by breaking down specific peptide bonds in protein molecules. Its activity is based on the recognition of large hydrophobic side chains in amino acids like phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. Chymotrypsin plays a crucial role in maintaining normal digestion and absorption processes in the human body.
Protease inhibitors are a class of antiviral drugs that are used to treat infections caused by retroviruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is responsible for causing AIDS. These drugs work by blocking the activity of protease enzymes, which are necessary for the replication and multiplication of the virus within infected cells.
Protease enzymes play a crucial role in the life cycle of retroviruses by cleaving viral polyproteins into functional units that are required for the assembly of new viral particles. By inhibiting the activity of these enzymes, protease inhibitors prevent the virus from replicating and spreading to other cells, thereby slowing down the progression of the infection.
Protease inhibitors are often used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Common examples of protease inhibitors include saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and atazanavir. While these drugs have been successful in improving the outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS, they can also cause side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, headaches, and lipodystrophy (changes in body fat distribution).
Trypsinogen is a precursor protein that is converted into the enzyme trypsin in the small intestine. It is produced by the pancreas and released into the duodenum, where it is activated by enterokinase, an enzyme produced by the intestinal mucosa. Trypsinogen plays a crucial role in digestion by helping to break down proteins into smaller peptides and individual amino acids.
In medical terms, an elevated level of trypsinogen in the blood may indicate pancreatic disease or injury, such as pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer. Therefore, measuring trypsinogen levels in the blood is sometimes used as a diagnostic tool to help identify these conditions.
A kidney glomerulus is a functional unit in the nephron of the kidney. It is a tuft of capillaries enclosed within a structure called Bowman's capsule, which filters waste and excess fluids from the blood. The glomerulus receives blood from an afferent arteriole and drains into an efferent arteriole.
The process of filtration in the glomerulus is called ultrafiltration, where the pressure within the glomerular capillaries drives plasma fluid and small molecules (such as ions, glucose, amino acids, and waste products) through the filtration membrane into the Bowman's space. Larger molecules, like proteins and blood cells, are retained in the blood due to their larger size. The filtrate then continues down the nephron for further processing, eventually forming urine.
An amino acid sequence is the specific order of amino acids in a protein or peptide molecule, formed by the linking of the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid through a peptide bond. The sequence is determined by the genetic code and is unique to each type of protein or peptide. It plays a crucial role in determining the three-dimensional structure and function of proteins.
"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.
Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.
Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Antinutrient
Kunitz STI protease inhibitor
Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor
Antinutrient - Wikipedia
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Chymotrypsin5
- Additionally, we have measured the trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor activities from cultivated soybean and perennial Glycine species, and have found marked differences between them. (usda.gov)
- Based on hydrolysis of the synthetic substrates, two major trypsin activities were identified (pH 8.0 and 9.0) and also a chymotrypsin activity with an optimum pH at 9.0. (usp.br)
- D. saccharalis trypsin and chymotrypsin display aIkaline pH optima, as observed to most Lepidoptera insects. (usp.br)
- The inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in vitro ,by SPI suggested that either, Kunitz and Bowman-Birk, could have a potential antimetabolic effect when ingested by these insect larvae. (usp.br)
- Specifically, Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) has the ability to suppress carcinogenesis in vivo, which has been attributed to BBI's inhibition of serine protease (trypsin and chymotrypsin) activity. (ucd.ie)
Protease inhibitor1
- The relationship between cultivated soybean and perennial soybean seed proteins were examined by immunoblot analyses using antibodies raised against G. max ß-conglycinin, glycinin A3 subunit, lipoxygenase, leginsulin, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor. (usda.gov)
Kunitz3
- As propriedades antimetabólicas dos IPs de soja, do tipo Kunitz e Bowman-Birk, foram determinadas in vivo e in vitro , antes e após a incorporação em dieta artificial, com avaliação do potencial de crescimento de populações da broca da cana. (usp.br)
- A inibição da atividade da tripsina e da quimotripsina in vitro pelos IPs de soja sugeriu que ambos, Kunitz e Bowman-Birk, poderiam ter um efeito antimetabólico quando ingeridos pela lagarta. (usp.br)
- The antímetabolic properties of the SPI, Kunitz and Bowman-Birk in vitro , before and after incorporation into artificial diet, in vivo , and its interference on population increase potential of the pest have been evaluated. (usp.br)
History of soybeans1
- What was called the second stage in the history of soybeans did not begin until the first decade of the present century, when it become an important export from East - Asia at first mainly to Europe and alter to the importing countries was as a source of oil for soap making and other purposes and for the manufacture of livestock feed. (com.ng)
Gland protein content1
- Effects of soybean trypsin inhibitor on hypopharyngeal gland protein content, total midgut protease activity and survival of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L. (oregonstate.edu)
Proteinase2
- in vivo and in vitro studies of proteinase inhibitor action on the development and midgut proteinase activities of the sugarcane borer ( Diatraea saccharalis ) (Fabr. (usp.br)
- The objective of the present study was to evaluated, in vivo and in vitro , the action of soybean proteinase inhibitor (SPI) on the development and midgut proteinase activities of the sugarcane borer ( Diatraea saccharalis ) (Fabr. (usp.br)
Lectins3
- Some trypsin inhibitors and lectins are found in legumes and interfere with digestion. (wikipedia.org)
- Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTofu has a high nutritional value, but it may also contain components that may have an antinutritional effect, such as trypsin inhibitors (TI), lectins and ureases. (medworm.com)
- The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the hydrothermal-cooking process of soybean in combination with commercial chymosin-pepsin rennet on the content and activity of TI, urease and lectins in tofu. (medworm.com)
Proteases1
- Protease inhibitors are substances that inhibit the actions of trypsin, pepsin, and other proteases in the gut, preventing the digestion and subsequent absorption of protein. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins6
- Here, we have investigated the protein composition of several perennial Glycine species and demonstrate their immunological relatedness with cultivated soybean seed storage proteins. (usda.gov)
- In spite of the potential of the perennial Glycine species for soybean improvement, very little is known about their storage proteins and their relationship with cultivated soybean seed proteins. (usda.gov)
- Our 2-D gel and immunoblot analyses demonstrate significant differences in the protein composition and size heterogeneities of the 7S and 11S seed storage proteins of soybean and perennial Glycine species. (usda.gov)
- Proteins which are present in or isolated from SOYBEANS. (bvsalud.org)
- Proteins which are present in the edible portion of SOYBEANS. (bvsalud.org)
- Soybean proteins offer exceptional promise in the area of cancer prevention and treatment. (ucd.ie)
Peptide1
- With the goal of further improving cytokine-based immunotherapy, we examined the effects of a soybean peptide called lunasin that synergistically works with cytokines on natural killer (NK) cells. (weeksmd.com)
Antinutritional1
- Trypsin inhibitors and antinutritional factors remain in boiled seeds. (healthjade.net)
Protein content3
- Breeders have started to exploit the genetic diversity found in wild soybean relatives to boost seed protein content. (usda.gov)
- Information obtained from this study can be utilized by breeders to improve the protein content and composition of North American soybean cultivars. (usda.gov)
- Soybean contain about 46% protein and 18% fat, characteristics which have influenced it's history: the ancient Chinese evolved methods of making from it's preparations with high protein content for example, Curd and Shoyu, Shoyu is a dark brown liquid made by fermentation of a combination of soybeans and cereals (F.A.O. 1970). (com.ng)
Glycine4
- In contrast to the cultivated soybean, only limited information is available on the seed storage protein of wild perennial Glycine spp. (usda.gov)
- Perennial Glycine species, distant relatives of soybean, have been recognized as a potential source of new genetic diversity for soybean improvement. (usda.gov)
- The subgenus Glycine includes around 30 perennial species, which are well adapted to drought conditions and possess resistance to a number of soybean pathogens. (usda.gov)
- His of Soymilk: Soybeans belongs to the family leguminous, subfamily papiliondase and the genus Glycine Max. (com.ng)
Seeds1
- Sensory evaluation of stored vegetable soybean showed that the taste of the seeds is mainly determined by sucrose, glutamic acid and alanine. (healthjade.net)
SALT3
- The soybean pods are boiled or steamed and served with salt. (healthjade.net)
- The most common preparations use salt for taste, either dissolved in the boiling water before introducing the soybean pods or added after cooking. (healthjade.net)
- This condiment is made from a fermented paste of boiled black soybeans , roasted grain , salt , water and Aspergillus wentii mold , to which palm sugar is added. (cloudfront.net)
Dietary2
- Vegetable soybean is as nutritious as other soybean products, and a good source of tocopherols, dietary fibers and ascorbic acid. (healthjade.net)
- The Japanese for example obtain 12 - 13% of their dietary protein from soybean product, for many of their traditional soy foods, the oriental people soak soybeans in water and then grind or cook them. (com.ng)
Extract2
- Soybeans are a common vegetable that can be used to extract soybean oil and make soy milk. (healthjade.net)
- Soymilk in the traditional sense is simply an aqueous extract of whole soybean, A detailed description of the technique used for the preparation of the soymilk as well as its composition will be found in chapter 3. (com.ng)
Vegetable5
- Edamame (vegetable soybean) or edamame beans, is a preparation of immature soybeans in the pod, found in cuisines with origins from East Asia. (healthjade.net)
- Flavor and texture of boiled vegetable soybean are also highly correlated to their sensory scores. (healthjade.net)
- The Chinese also ate soybeans as a vegetable after it ahs sprouted. (com.ng)
- A response to increase in demand for soybean for soybean as a source of protein and vegetable oil, national programme in Nigeria have explained their research on the crop. (com.ng)
- Miller, (1962) soybean or vegetable milk or flu-changin chinse is reported to have been developed and used in china before the Christian era (paker and Morse 1943) by the philosopher who was credited with the first step in the processing of tofu and yuba. (com.ng)
Crop2
- The fourth stage began during the first decade of the 20th century A.D. at the period in which this crop was first introduced of soybeans in Nigeria shows that middle belt of the country to be the best producer of soybean production (Ezedinmma, 1964). (com.ng)
- Soybeans are a native crop of Eastern Asia where they have `served as an important part of the diet for centuries. (com.ng)
Found1
- For example, Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor is found in soybeans. (wikipedia.org)
Effects1
- In the wake of continuous research and rapid development of protease inhibitors it is important to assess possible effects on beneficial insects like the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). In this study, newly emerged caged bees were fed pollen diets containing three different concentrations (0.1%, 0.5% and 1% w:w) of soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI). (oregonstate.edu)
East Asia1
- This was in the books of the Emperor Shen hung, dated 1800BC which describes the five principal and sacred crops of China, rice, bean, wheat barely and millet, lafter in his milliohm there were chinses writing, giving expert advice on growing soybean which was cultivated more extensively in North than in Southern China, it reached Hapan and other countries in East Asia at an early date. (com.ng)
Action1
- Amylase inhibitors prevent the action of enzymes that break the glycosidic bonds of starches and other complex carbohydrates, preventing the release of simple sugars and absorption by the body. (wikipedia.org)
Products1
- Annual Report 1985) currently more feather have been added to the number of products that can be obtained from soybeans in Nigeria, such products like soymilk as it had been recently demonstrated at the food investigation centuries in Enugu. (com.ng)
Important1
- The soybean pod color is important, and bright-green is most desirable. (healthjade.net)
Properties1
- Insecticidal properties of protease inhibitors have been established in transgenic plants. (oregonstate.edu)
Human2
- Lipase inhibitors interfere with enzymes, such as human pancreatic lipase, that catalyze the hydrolysis of some lipids, including fats. (wikipedia.org)
- In Nigeria, nearly all of the soybean production estimated at 30,000 tons is used for human food. (com.ng)