Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)
Sense of awareness of self and of the environment.
An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.
Ultrashort-acting anesthetics that are used for induction. Loss of consciousness is rapid and induction is pleasant, but there is no muscle relaxation and reflexes frequently are not reduced adequately. Repeated administration results in accumulation and prolongs the recovery time. Since these agents have little if any analgesic activity, they are seldom used alone except in brief minor procedures. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p174)
Abnormally slow pace of regaining CONSCIOUSNESS after general anesthesia (ANESTHESIA, GENERAL) usually given during surgical procedures. This condition is characterized by persistent somnolence.
Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.
Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.
Organic mental disorders in which there is impairment of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment and to respond to environmental stimuli. Dysfunction of the cerebral hemispheres or brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION may result in this condition.
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.
A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.
The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).
The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by ACOUSTIC STIMULATION or stimulation of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS.
A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3.
Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p173)
Drugs used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.
Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.
Recording of the average amplitude of the resting potential arising between the cornea and the retina in light and dark adaptation as the eyes turn a standard distance to the right and the left. The increase in potential with light adaptation is used to evaluate the condition of the retinal pigment epithelium.
The measure of that part of the heat or energy of a system which is not available to perform work. Entropy increases in all natural (spontaneous and irreversible) processes. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.
Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.
A state in which there is an enhanced potential for sensitivity and an efficient responsiveness to external stimuli.
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.

Aphasic disorder in patients with closed head injury. (1/281)

Quantitative assessment of 50 patients with closed head injury disclosed that anomic errors and word finding difficulty were prominent sequelae as nearly half of the series had defective scores on tests of naming and/or word association. Aphasic disturbance was associated with severity of brain injury as reflected by prolonged coma and injury of the brain stem.  (+info)

Stroke units in their natural habitat: can results of randomized trials be reproduced in routine clinical practice? Riks-Stroke Collaboration. (2/281)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of acute stroke care have shown care in stroke units (SUs) to be superior to that in conventional general medical, neurological, or geriatric wards, with reductions in early case fatality, functional outcome, and the need for long-term institutionalization. This study examined whether these results can be reproduced in clinical practice. METHODS: A multicenter observational study of procedures and outcomes in acute stroke patients admitted to designated SUs or general medical or neurological wards (GWs), the study included patients of all ages with acute stroke excluding those with subarachnoid hemorrhage, who were entered into the Riks-Stroke (Swedish national quality assessment) database during 1996 (14 308 patients in 80 hospitals). RESULTS: Patients admitted to SUs who had lived independently and who were fully conscious on admission to the hospital had a lower case fatality than those cared for in GWs (relative risk [RR] for death, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 0.96) and at 3 months (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.98). A greater proportion of patients cared for in an SU could be discharged home (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.10), and fewer were in long-term institutional care 3 months after the stroke (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89 to 0.99). No difference was seen in outcome in patients cared for in SUs or GWs if they had impaired consciousness on admission. CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in outcomes after stroke care in SUs compared with care in GWs can be reproduced in the routine clinical setting, but the magnitude of the benefit appears smaller than that reported from meta-analyses.  (+info)

Cerebral malaria versus bacterial meningitis in children with impaired consciousness. (3/281)

Cerebral malaria (CM) and acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) are the two common causes of impaired consciousness in children presenting to hospital in sub-Sahara Africa. Since the clinical features of the two diseases may be very similar, treatment is often guided by the initial laboratory findings. However, no detailed studies have examined the extent to which the laboratory findings in these two diseases may overlap. We reviewed data from 555 children with impaired consciousness admitted to Kilifi District Hospital, Kenya. Strictly defined groups were established based on the malaria slide, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leucocyte count and the results of blood and CSF culture and CSF bacterial antigen testing. Our data suggests significant overlap in the initial CSF findings between CM and ABM. The absolute minimum proportions of children with impaired consciousness and malaria parasitaemia who also had definite bacterial meningitis were 4% of all children and 14% of children under 1 year of age. The estimated maximum proportion of all children with impaired consciousness and malaria parasitaemia in whom the diagnosis was dual or unclear was at least 13%. The finding of malaria parasites in the blood of an unconscious child in sub-Saharan Africa is not sufficient to establish a diagnosis of cerebral malaria, and acute bacterial meningitis must be actively excluded in all cases.  (+info)

Sophisticated hospital information system/radiology information system/picture archiving and communications system (PACS) integration in a large-scale traumatology PACS. (4/281)

Picture archiving and communications system (PACS) in the context of an outpatient trauma care center asks for a high level of interaction between information systems to guarantee rapid image acquisition and distribution to the surgeon. During installation of the Innsbruck PACS, special aspects of traumatology had to be realized, such as imaging of unconscious patients without identification, and transferred to the electronic environment. Even with up-to-date PACS hardware and software, special solutions had to be developed in-house to tailor the PACS/hospital information system (HIS)/radiology information system (RIS) interface to the needs of radiologic and clinical users. An ongoing workflow evaluation is needed to realize the needs of radiologists and clinicians. These needs have to be realized within a commercially available PACS, whereby full integration of information systems may sometimes only be achieved by special in-house solutions.  (+info)

Risk factors for spread of primary adult onset blepharospasm: a multicentre investigation of the Italian movement disorders study group. (5/281)

OBJECTIVES: Little is known about factors influencing the spread of blepharospasm to other body parts. An investigation was carried out to deterrmine whether demographic features (sex, age at blepharospasm onset), putative risk, or protective factors for blepharospasm (family history of dystonia or tremor, previous head or face trauma with loss of consciousness, ocular diseases, and cigarette smoking), age related diseases (diabetes, hypertension), edentulousness, and neck or trunk trauma preceding the onset of blepharospasm could distinguish patients with blepharospasm who had spread of dystonia from those who did not. METHODS: 159 outpatients presenting initially with blepharospasm were selected in 16 Italian Institutions. There were 104 patients with focal blepharospasm (mean duration of disease 5.3 (SD 1.9) years) and 55 patients in whom segmental or multifocal dystonia developed (mainly in the cranial cervical area) 1.5 (1.2) years after the onset of blepharospasm. Information was obtained from a standardised questionnaire administered by medical interviewers. A Cox regression model was used to examine the relation between the investigated variables and spread. RESULTS: Previous head or face trauma with loss of consciousness, age at the onset of blepharospasm, and female sex were independently associated with an increased risk of spread. A significant association was not found between spread of dystonia and previous ocular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, neck or trunk trauma, edentulousness, cigarette smoking, and family history of dystonia or tremor. An unsatisfactory study power negatively influenced the validity and accuracy of the negative findings relative to diabetes, neck or trunk trauma, and cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this exploratory study confirm that patients presenting initially with blepharospasm are most likely to experience some spread of dystonia within a few years of the onset of blepharospasm and suggest that head or face trauma with loss of consciousness preceding the onset, age at onset, and female sex may be relevant to spread. The suggested association between edentulousness and cranial cervical dystonia may be apparent because of the confounding effect of both age at onset and head or face trauma with loss of consciousness. The lack of influence of family history of dystonia on spread is consistent with previous findings indicating that the inheritance pattern is the same for focal and segmental blepharospasm.  (+info)

Initial loss of consciousness and risk of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. (6/281)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a major cause of death and disability in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. We studied the prognostic value for DCI of 2 factors: the duration of unconsciousness after the hemorrhage and the presence of risk factors for atherosclerosis. METHODS: In 125 consecutive patients admitted within 4 days after hemorrhage, we assessed the presence and duration of unconsciousness after the hemorrhage, the neurological condition on admission, the amount of subarachnoid blood, the size of the ventricles, and a history of smoking, hypertension, stroke, or myocardial infarction. The relationship between these variables and the development of DCI was analyzed by means of the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The univariate hazard ratio (HR) for the development of DCI in patients who had lost consciousness for >1 hour was 6.0 (95% CI 3.0 to 12.0) compared with patients who had no loss or a <1-hour loss of consciousness. The presence of any risk factor for atherosclerosis yielded an HR of 1.4 (95% CI 0.6 to 3.5). The HR for unconsciousness remained essentially the same after adjustment for other risk factors for DCI. The HR for a poor World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score (grade IV or V) on admission was 2.9 (95% CI 1.5 to 5. 5); that for a large amount of subarachnoid blood on CT was 3.4 (95% CI 1.6 to 7.3). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of unconsciousness after subarachnoid hemorrhage is a strong predictor for the occurrence of DCI. This observation may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of DCI and increased attention for patients at risk.  (+info)

Public understanding of medical terminology: non-English speakers may not receive optimal care. (7/281)

INTRODUCTION: Many systems of telephone triage are being developed (including NHS Direct, general practitioner out of hours centres, ambulance services). These rely on the ability to determine key facts from the caller. Level of consciousness is an important indicator after head injury but also an indicator of severe illness. AIMS: To determine the general public's understanding of the term unconscious. METHODS: A total of 700 people were asked one of seven questions relating to their understanding of the term unconscious. All participants were adults who could speak sufficient English to give a history to a nurse. RESULTS: Correct understanding of the term unconscious varied from 46.5% to 87.0% for varying parameters. Those with English as their first language had a better understanding (p<0.01) and there was a significant variation with ethnicity (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Understanding of the term unconscious is poor and worse in those for whom English is not a first language. Decision making should not rely on the interpretation of questions using technical terms such as unconscious, which may have a different meaning between professional and lay people.  (+info)

Complications from regional anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy. (8/281)

The complications of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) under cervical plexus blockade have yet to be fully evaluated. Two different cases are presented; both patients suffered sudden collapse following superficial and deep cervical plexus block in preparation for CEA. The causes, presenting signs and differential diagnoses are discussed. The safest cervical plexus anaesthetic block technique has not yet been established.  (+info)

Unconsciousness is a state of complete awareness where a person is not responsive to stimuli and cannot be awakened. It is often caused by severe trauma, illness, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain. In medical terms, it is defined as a lack of response to verbal commands, pain, or other stimuli, indicating that the person's brain is not functioning at a level necessary to maintain wakefulness and awareness.

Unconsciousness can be described as having different levels, ranging from drowsiness to deep coma. The causes of unconsciousness can vary widely, including head injury, seizure, stroke, infection, drug overdose, or lack of oxygen supply to the brain. Depending on the cause and severity, unconsciousness may last for a few seconds or continue for an extended period, requiring medical intervention and treatment.

Consciousness is a complex and multifaceted concept that is difficult to define succinctly, but in a medical or neurological context, it generally refers to an individual's state of awareness and responsiveness to their surroundings. Consciousness involves a range of cognitive processes, including perception, thinking, memory, and attention, and it requires the integration of sensory information, language, and higher-order cognitive functions.

In medical terms, consciousness is often assessed using measures such as the Glasgow Coma Scale, which evaluates an individual's ability to open their eyes, speak, and move in response to stimuli. A coma is a state of deep unconsciousness where an individual is unable to respond to stimuli or communicate, while a vegetative state is a condition where an individual may have sleep-wake cycles and some automatic responses but lacks any meaningful awareness or cognitive function.

Disorders of consciousness can result from brain injury, trauma, infection, or other medical conditions that affect the functioning of the brainstem or cerebral cortex. The study of consciousness is a rapidly evolving field that involves researchers from various disciplines, including neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, and artificial intelligence.

Propofol is a short-acting medication that is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia during procedures such as surgery. It belongs to a class of drugs called hypnotics or sedatives, which work by depressing the central nervous system to produce a calming effect. Propofol can also be used for sedation in mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units and for procedural sedation in various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures outside the operating room.

The medical definition of Propofol is:
A rapid-onset, short-duration intravenous anesthetic agent that produces a hypnotic effect and is used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation in mechanically ventilated patients, and procedural sedation. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to a decrease in neuronal activity and a reduction in consciousness. Propofol has a rapid clearance and distribution, allowing for quick recovery after discontinuation of its administration.

Intravenous anesthetics are a type of medication that is administered directly into a vein to cause a loss of consciousness and provide analgesia (pain relief) during medical procedures. They work by depressing the central nervous system, inhibiting nerve impulse transmission and ultimately preventing the patient from feeling pain or discomfort during surgery or other invasive procedures.

There are several different types of intravenous anesthetics, each with its own specific properties and uses. Some common examples include propofol, etomidate, ketamine, and barbiturates. These drugs may be used alone or in combination with other medications to provide a safe and effective level of anesthesia for the patient.

The choice of intravenous anesthetic depends on several factors, including the patient's medical history, the type and duration of the procedure, and the desired depth and duration of anesthesia. Anesthesiologists must carefully consider these factors when selecting an appropriate medication regimen for each individual patient.

While intravenous anesthetics are generally safe and effective, they can have side effects and risks, such as respiratory depression, hypotension, and allergic reactions. Anesthesia providers must closely monitor patients during and after the administration of these medications to ensure their safety and well-being.

Delayed emergence from anesthesia is a medical condition where a patient takes an unusually long time to regain consciousness after general anesthesia. The exact duration of "normal" emergence can vary depending on several factors, including the type and duration of anesthesia, the patient's age, health status, and other medications they may be taking. However, if a patient has not regained full consciousness within 30 minutes to an hour after the surgery, it is generally considered a delayed emergence.

There can be various causes for delayed emergence from anesthesia. Some of the common reasons include:

1. Residual effects of anesthetic drugs: If the anesthesiologist has not adequately reversed the muscle relaxants or if the anesthetic agents have a prolonged action, it can delay the patient's emergence from anesthesia.
2. Hypothermia: Accidental hypothermia during surgery can slow down the metabolism of anesthetic drugs and contribute to delayed emergence.
3. Hypoventilation or hypercarbia: Inadequate ventilation leading to high carbon dioxide levels in the blood can prolong recovery from anesthesia.
4. Metabolic or endocrine disorders: Conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, or electrolyte imbalances can affect the patient's response to anesthesia and delay emergence.
5. Postoperative complications: Complications like stroke, heart attack, or bleeding can also cause delayed emergence from anesthesia.
6. Medications: Certain medications, such as sedatives or opioids, can interact with anesthetic drugs and prolong recovery.
7. Patient factors: Older age, poor health status, and certain genetic factors can contribute to a delayed emergence from anesthesia.

Anesthesiologists closely monitor patients during the recovery phase and take appropriate measures to address any potential causes of delayed emergence. This may include providing additional oxygen, adjusting ventilation, administering reversal agents for muscle relaxants, or addressing any underlying medical conditions. In some cases, further evaluation in an intensive care unit (ICU) might be necessary to ensure the patient's safety and proper recovery.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a medical procedure that records electrical activity in the brain. It uses small, metal discs called electrodes, which are attached to the scalp with paste or a specialized cap. These electrodes detect tiny electrical charges that result from the activity of brain cells, and the EEG machine then amplifies and records these signals.

EEG is used to diagnose various conditions related to the brain, such as seizures, sleep disorders, head injuries, infections, and degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. It can also be used during surgery to monitor brain activity and ensure that surgical procedures do not interfere with vital functions.

EEG is a safe and non-invasive procedure that typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour to complete, although longer recordings may be necessary in some cases. Patients are usually asked to relax and remain still during the test, as movement can affect the quality of the recording.

General anesthesia is a state of controlled unconsciousness, induced by administering various medications, that eliminates awareness, movement, and pain sensation during medical procedures. It involves the use of a combination of intravenous and inhaled drugs to produce a reversible loss of consciousness, allowing patients to undergo surgical or diagnostic interventions safely and comfortably. The depth and duration of anesthesia are carefully monitored and adjusted throughout the procedure by an anesthesiologist or certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) to ensure patient safety and optimize recovery. General anesthesia is typically used for more extensive surgical procedures, such as open-heart surgery, major orthopedic surgeries, and neurosurgery.

Consciousness disorders, also known as altered consciousness, refer to conditions that affect a person's awareness or perception of their surroundings, themselves, or their current state. These disorders can range from mild to severe and can be caused by various factors such as brain injury, illness, or the use of certain medications.

There are several types of consciousness disorders, including:

1. Coma: A state of deep unconsciousness in which a person is unable to respond to stimuli or communicate.
2. Vegetative State: A condition in which a person may have sleep-wake cycles and some automatic responses, but lacks awareness or the ability to interact with their environment.
3. Minimally Conscious State: A condition in which a person has some degree of awareness and may be able to respond to stimuli, but is unable to communicate or consistently interact with their environment.
4. Delirium: A state of confusion and altered consciousness that can occur suddenly and fluctuate over time. It is often caused by an underlying medical condition or the use of certain medications.
5. Locked-in Syndrome: A rare condition in which a person is fully conscious but unable to move or communicate due to complete paralysis of all voluntary muscles except for those that control eye movement.

Treatment for consciousness disorders depends on the underlying cause and may include medication, therapy, or surgery. In some cases, recovery may be possible with appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. However, in other cases, the disorder may be permanent or result in long-term disability.

Anesthesia is a medical term that refers to the loss of sensation or awareness, usually induced by the administration of various drugs. It is commonly used during surgical procedures to prevent pain and discomfort. There are several types of anesthesia, including:

1. General anesthesia: This type of anesthesia causes a complete loss of consciousness and is typically used for major surgeries.
2. Regional anesthesia: This type of anesthesia numbs a specific area of the body, such as an arm or leg, while the patient remains conscious.
3. Local anesthesia: This type of anesthesia numbs a small area of the body, such as a cut or wound, and is typically used for minor procedures.

Anesthesia can be administered through various routes, including injection, inhalation, or topical application. The choice of anesthesia depends on several factors, including the type and duration of the procedure, the patient's medical history, and their overall health. Anesthesiologists are medical professionals who specialize in administering anesthesia and monitoring patients during surgical procedures to ensure their safety and comfort.

Physostigmine is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors. It works by blocking the breakdown of a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine, which is important for communication between nerves and muscles. This results in an increase in acetylcholine levels in the body, improving nerve impulse transmission and helping to restore normal muscle function.

Physostigmine is used in the treatment of certain medical conditions that are caused by a deficiency of acetylcholine, such as myasthenia gravis, which is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness and fatigue of the muscles. It may also be used to reverse the effects of certain medications that block the action of acetylcholine, such as anticholinergics, which are sometimes used in anesthesia or to treat conditions like Parkinson's disease.

It is important to note that physostigmine should only be used under the close supervision of a healthcare provider, as it can have serious side effects if not used properly.

Intraoperative monitoring (IOM) is the practice of using specialized techniques to monitor physiological functions or neural structures in real-time during surgical procedures. The primary goal of IOM is to provide continuous information about the patient's status and the effects of surgery on neurological function, allowing surgeons to make informed decisions and minimize potential risks.

IOM can involve various methods such as:

1. Electrophysiological monitoring: This includes techniques like somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP), motor evoked potentials (MEP), and electroencephalography (EEG) to assess the integrity of neural pathways and brain function during surgery.
2. Neuromonitoring: Direct electrical stimulation of nerves or spinal cord structures can help identify critical neuroanatomical structures, evaluate their functional status, and guide surgical interventions.
3. Hemodynamic monitoring: Measuring blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and oxygen saturation helps assess the patient's overall physiological status during surgery.
4. Imaging modalities: Intraoperative imaging techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide real-time visualization of anatomical structures and surgical progress.

The specific IOM methods employed depend on the type of surgery, patient characteristics, and potential risks involved. Intraoperative monitoring is particularly crucial in procedures where there is a risk of neurological injury, such as spinal cord or brain surgeries, vascular interventions, or tumor resections near critical neural structures.

Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) are medical tests that measure the electrical activity in the brain in response to sound stimuli. These tests are often used to assess hearing function and neural processing in individuals, particularly those who cannot perform traditional behavioral hearing tests.

There are several types of AEP tests, including:

1. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BAER) or Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP): This test measures the electrical activity generated by the brainstem in response to a click or tone stimulus. It is often used to assess the integrity of the auditory nerve and brainstem pathways, and can help diagnose conditions such as auditory neuropathy and retrocochlear lesions.
2. Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (MLAEP): This test measures the electrical activity generated by the cortical auditory areas of the brain in response to a click or tone stimulus. It is often used to assess higher-level auditory processing, and can help diagnose conditions such as auditory processing disorders and central auditory dysfunction.
3. Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials (LLAEP): This test measures the electrical activity generated by the cortical auditory areas of the brain in response to a complex stimulus, such as speech. It is often used to assess language processing and cognitive function, and can help diagnose conditions such as learning disabilities and dementia.

Overall, AEP tests are valuable tools for assessing hearing and neural function in individuals who cannot perform traditional behavioral hearing tests or who have complex neurological conditions.

Methyl ethers are a type of organic compound where a methyl group (CH3-) is attached to an oxygen atom, which in turn is connected to another carbon atom. They are formed by the process of methylation, where a methyl group replaces a hydrogen atom in another molecule.

Methyl ethers can be found in various natural and synthetic substances. For example, dimethyl ether (CH3-O-CH3) is a common fuel used in refrigeration systems and as a propellant in aerosol sprays. Anisole (CH3-O-C6H5), another methyl ether, is found in anise oil and is used as a flavoring agent and solvent.

It's worth noting that some methyl ethers have been associated with potential health risks, particularly when they are volatile and can be inhaled or ingested. For example, exposure to high levels of dimethyl ether can cause respiratory irritation, headaches, and dizziness. Therefore, it's important to handle these substances with care and follow appropriate safety guidelines.

Inhalational anesthetics are a type of general anesthetic that is administered through the person's respiratory system. They are typically delivered in the form of vapor or gas, which is inhaled through a mask or breathing tube. Commonly used inhalational anesthetics include sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, and nitrous oxide. These agents work by depressing the central nervous system, leading to a loss of consciousness and an inability to feel pain. They are often used for their rapid onset and offset of action, making them useful for both induction and maintenance of anesthesia during surgical procedures.

Hypnotics and sedatives are classes of medications that have depressant effects on the central nervous system, leading to sedation (calming or inducing sleep), reduction in anxiety, and in some cases, decreased awareness or memory. These agents work by affecting the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the brain, which results in inhibitory effects on neuronal activity.

Hypnotics are primarily used for the treatment of insomnia and other sleep disorders, while sedatives are often prescribed to manage anxiety or to produce a calming effect before medical procedures. Some medications can function as both hypnotics and sedatives, depending on the dosage and specific formulation. Common examples of these medications include benzodiazepines (such as diazepam and lorazepam), non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (such as zolpidem and eszopiclone), barbiturates, and certain antihistamines.

It is essential to use these medications under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as they can have potential side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and impaired coordination. Additionally, long-term use or high doses may lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation.

Anesthetics are medications that are used to block or reduce feelings of pain and sensation, either locally in a specific area of the body or generally throughout the body. They work by depressing the nervous system, interrupting the communication between nerves and the brain. Anesthetics can be administered through various routes such as injection, inhalation, or topical application, depending on the type and the desired effect. There are several classes of anesthetics, including:

1. Local anesthetics: These numb a specific area of the body and are commonly used during minor surgical procedures, dental work, or to relieve pain from injuries. Examples include lidocaine, prilocaine, and bupivacaine.
2. Regional anesthetics: These block nerve impulses in a larger area of the body, such as an arm or leg, and can be used for more extensive surgical procedures. They are often administered through a catheter to provide continuous pain relief over a longer period. Examples include spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, and peripheral nerve blocks.
3. General anesthetics: These cause a state of unconsciousness and are used for major surgical procedures or when the patient needs to be completely immobile during a procedure. They can be administered through inhalation or injection and affect the entire body. Examples include propofol, sevoflurane, and isoflurane.

Anesthetics are typically safe when used appropriately and under medical supervision. However, they can have side effects such as drowsiness, nausea, and respiratory depression. Proper dosing and monitoring by a healthcare professional are essential to minimize the risks associated with anesthesia.

Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring the resting potential of the eye and the changes in this potential that occur with eye movements. It involves placing electrodes near the eyes to detect the small electric fields generated by the movement of the eyeball within the surrounding socket. This technique is used in research and clinical settings to study eye movements and their control, as well as in certain diagnostic applications such as assessing the function of the oculomotor system in patients with neurological disorders.

Entropy, in the context of thermodynamics, is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a system may be arranged, often taken to be a measure of disorder or randomness. The entropy of a system increases as the number of possible arrangements of its particles increases. It is usually denoted by the letter S and measured in units of joules per kelvin (J/K).

However, I must clarify that 'Entropy' is not a medical term. It is a concept from the field of thermodynamics, which is a branch of physics. Entropy has been applied to various fields including information theory and statistical mechanics but it does not have a specific medical definition.

Isoflurane is a volatile halogenated ether used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, sweet odor. Isoflurane is an agonist at the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor and inhibits excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, leading to unconsciousness and immobility. It has a rapid onset and offset of action due to its low blood solubility, allowing for quick adjustments in anesthetic depth during surgery. Isoflurane is also known for its bronchodilator effects, making it useful in patients with reactive airway disease. However, it can cause dose-dependent decreases in heart rate and blood pressure, so careful hemodynamic monitoring is required during its use.

Craniocerebral trauma, also known as traumatic brain injury (TBI), is a type of injury that occurs to the head and brain. It can result from a variety of causes, including motor vehicle accidents, falls, sports injuries, violence, or other types of trauma. Craniocerebral trauma can range in severity from mild concussions to severe injuries that cause permanent disability or death.

The injury typically occurs when there is a sudden impact to the head, causing the brain to move within the skull and collide with the inside of the skull. This can result in bruising, bleeding, swelling, or tearing of brain tissue, as well as damage to blood vessels and nerves. In severe cases, the skull may be fractured or penetrated, leading to direct injury to the brain.

Symptoms of craniocerebral trauma can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury. They may include headache, dizziness, confusion, memory loss, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, changes in vision or hearing, weakness or numbness in the limbs, balance problems, and behavioral or emotional changes. In severe cases, the person may lose consciousness or fall into a coma.

Treatment for craniocerebral trauma depends on the severity of the injury. Mild injuries may be treated with rest, pain medication, and close monitoring, while more severe injuries may require surgery, intensive care, and rehabilitation. Prevention is key to reducing the incidence of craniocerebral trauma, including measures such as wearing seat belts and helmets, preventing falls, and avoiding violent situations.

Wakefulness is a state of consciousness in which an individual is alert and aware of their surroundings. It is characterized by the ability to perceive, process, and respond to stimuli in a purposeful manner. In a medical context, wakefulness is often assessed using measures such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) to evaluate brain activity patterns associated with consciousness.

Wakefulness is regulated by several interconnected neural networks that promote arousal and attention. These networks include the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), which consists of a group of neurons located in the brainstem that project to the thalamus and cerebral cortex, as well as other regions involved in regulating arousal and attention, such as the basal forebrain and hypothalamus.

Disorders of wakefulness can result from various underlying conditions, including neurological disorders, sleep disorders, medication side effects, or other medical conditions that affect brain function. Examples of such disorders include narcolepsy, insomnia, hypersomnia, and various forms of encephalopathy or brain injury.

The brain is the central organ of the nervous system, responsible for receiving and processing sensory information, regulating vital functions, and controlling behavior, movement, and cognition. It is divided into several distinct regions, each with specific functions:

1. Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, learning, memory, language, and perception. It is divided into two hemispheres, each controlling the opposite side of the body.
2. Cerebellum: Located at the back of the brain, it is responsible for coordinating muscle movements, maintaining balance, and fine-tuning motor skills.
3. Brainstem: Connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord, controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. It also serves as a relay center for sensory information and motor commands between the brain and the rest of the body.
4. Diencephalon: A region that includes the thalamus (a major sensory relay station) and hypothalamus (regulates hormones, temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep).
5. Limbic system: A group of structures involved in emotional processing, memory formation, and motivation, including the hippocampus, amygdala, and cingulate gyrus.

The brain is composed of billions of interconnected neurons that communicate through electrical and chemical signals. It is protected by the skull and surrounded by three layers of membranes called meninges, as well as cerebrospinal fluid that provides cushioning and nutrients.

Cholinesterase inhibitors are a class of drugs that work by blocking the action of cholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the body. By inhibiting this enzyme, the levels of acetylcholine in the brain increase, which can help to improve symptoms of cognitive decline and memory loss associated with conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.

Cholinesterase inhibitors are also used to treat other medical conditions, including myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder that causes muscle weakness, and glaucoma, a condition that affects the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss. Some examples of cholinesterase inhibitors include donepezil (Aricept), galantamine (Razadyne), and rivastigmine (Exelon).

It's important to note that while cholinesterase inhibitors can help to improve symptoms in some people with dementia, they do not cure the underlying condition or stop its progression. Side effects of these drugs may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and increased salivation. In rare cases, they may also cause seizures, fainting, or cardiac arrhythmias.

... is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an ... Unconsciousness may occur as the result of traumatic brain injury, brain hypoxia (inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain ... In jurisprudence, unconsciousness may entitle the criminal defendant to the defense of automatism, i.e. a state without control ... In most countries, courts must consider whether unconsciousness in a situation can be accepted as a defense; it can vary from ...
... is an EP by NOFX, released prior to the release of The War on Errorism. Regaining Unconsciousness was ... Regaining Unconsciousness at YouTube (streamed copy where licensed) v t e (Articles needing additional references from August ... The lyrics to Regaining Unconsciousness show strong similarities to the poem First they came ... by Martin Niemöller, written ...
The stream of unconsciousness is one of several forms of dramatic monologue, where the speaker is addressing an audience or a ... Stream of unconsciousness is characterized by disjointed leaps in ideation and story line, bizarre new word creation, loss of ... Despite the name, the stream of unconsciousness occurs more in the form of waves than an actual continuous running stream of ... Such monologues are commonly used in poetry and drama, but with the stream of unconsciousness, the audience or third persons ...
Alaya consciousness of the Yogacara Buddhists is 'Buddhist Unconsciousness'. The Yogacara Buddhists were able to recognize the ... William S Waldron (8 December 2003). Buddhist Unconsciousness. Routledge. pp. xii, 107, 179, 93. ISBN 9781134428861. Chogyam ...
Coma unconsciousness. For a diabetic, coma can be caused by hypoglycemia or by diabetic ketoacidosis. Comatose in a coma; not ...
Unconsciousness. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 1948. OSS Assessment Staff. Assessment of men. New York: Rinehart & Company. 1950 ...
Reskin, Barbara (2005). "Unconsciousness Raising" (PDF). Regional Review, 2005. 14 (3): 32-37. Clark, Kenneth B.; Clark, Mamie ...
Orthodoxy is unconsciousness. Newspeak words are classified by three distinct classes: the A, B, and C vocabularies. The words ...
Searle, John R. (1991). "Consciousness, Unconsciousness and Intentionality". Philosophical Issues. 1: 45-66. doi:10.2307/ ...
Unconsciousness (1881), Marble nude. Roswell P. Flower Memorial Library, Watertown, N.Y. United States Regulars Monument (1882 ...
Rangan, Baradwaj (9 March 2012). "Lights, Camera, Conversation... - The awakening of unconsciousness". The Hindu. Archived from ...
Convulsions and unconsciousness followed. He died the next day, August 16, 1900; his body was returned to Easton, and he was ...
This ability may be lacking due to youth; a mental defect; or intoxication, unconsciousness, etc. In Du Preez v Conradie, the ... acts and omissions that occur during sleep or unconsciousness; and acts and omissions that occur during a state of automatism. ...
Navas, Andrés (2011). "Un cas d'inconscience (?) [A case of unconsciousness (?)]". Images des Mathématiques (in French). ...
Searle, John R. (1991). "Consciousness, Unconsciousness and Intentionality". Philosophical Issues. 1: 45-66. doi:10.2307/ ...
Does not include momentary unconsciousness. Non-incapacitating evident injury: Any injury, other than a fatal injury or an ... This includes: severe lacerations, broken or distorted limbs, skull or chest injuries, abdominal injuries, unconsciousness at ...
A deplorable accident, surely... but yet, an accident!" before lapsing into unconsciousness again. Alice's condition quickly ...
Peterson, Richard (1992). ""Class Unconsciousness in Country Music". In Melton A. McLaurin; Richard A. Peterson (eds.). You ...
All I wanted was unconsciousness. After reinforcement by an airlanded Chinese army division, the town finally fell to the ...
N'Kantu was electrocuted into unconsciousness. His lifeless body is shipped to a New York City museum, where he is revived. He ...
Rayner blasts Grayven into unconsciousness. Grayven has since appeared in Five of a Kind: Thunder/Martian Manhunter, ...
He is flogged to unconsciousness. Convict Clay along with Silverwood and Stuckeley leads an uprising. Dora Childs, daughter of ...
Ommaya, A.K.; Gennarelli, R.A. (1974). "Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness". Brain. 97 (4): 633-54. doi:10.1093/ ...
He strangles him to unconsciousness. In a near-death vision, Frankie again sees the girl, who asks for his help to find her ...
All I wanted was unconsciousness. August 3, 1944, following the last battle, Myitkyina was declared secure and on that day Col ...
Wardjon was beaten into unconsciousness. Friedman accused the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company (CF&I), operated by John D. ...
Unconsciousness from hypoxia of cerebral tissue. Because the brain cannot store reserves of oxygen and, unlike other organs, ... Unconsciousness may be induced by other methods although these are controversial: pressure over the carotid sinus may induce ... The sequence of events leading to unconsciousness from hyperventilation is as follows[citation needed]: Decrease in partial ... The alkalosis-induced euphoria can be followed rapidly by hypoxia-induced unconsciousness. ...
Wardjon was beaten into unconsciousness. Under repeated attack, the 1903-04 UMWA strike effort failed, with both leadership and ...
Stein slipped into unconsciousness; despite the efforts of Stewart Hillis, he was pronounced dead approximately half an hour ...
Morris lapsed into unconsciousness. An attempt was made by Turkish troops to recover the two men; but, as Russian fire rained ...
Unconsciousness is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an ... Unconsciousness may occur as the result of traumatic brain injury, brain hypoxia (inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain ... In jurisprudence, unconsciousness may entitle the criminal defendant to the defense of automatism, i.e. a state without control ... In most countries, courts must consider whether unconsciousness in a situation can be accepted as a defense; it can vary from ...
Unconsciousness is when a person is unable to respond to people and activities. Doctors often call this a coma or being in a ... Unconsciousness is when a person is unable to respond to people and activities. Doctors often call this a coma or being in a ... Choking on an object can result in unconsciousness as well. Brief unconsciousness (or fainting) is often a result from ... Unconsciousness is when a person is unable to respond to people and activities. Doctors often call this a coma or being in a ...
Researchers Identify States of Unconsciousness with EEG Data. Brain wave patterns show a clear transition to a coma-like state ... The patterns, or "signatures," could one day be used to monitor and control sedation and unconsciousness in patients given ... and their colleagues set out to characterize specific EEG rhythms that associate with anesthesia-induced unconsciousness. The ... brain waves that was associated with the deepest state of unconsciousness. ...
Regaining Unconsciousness (Fat Wreck Chords). By: Alex Steininger. Three tracks from NOFXs forthcoming full-length, The War On ... NOFX is always a good listen and the Regaining Unconsciousness EP, full of political references and a mind full of thoughts, is ...
Download this Human Skeleton In A Bad Feeling Unconsciousness Position Conceptual 3d Illustration photo now. And search more of ... iStockHuman Skeleton In A Bad Feeling Unconsciousness Position Conceptual 3d Illustration Stock Photo - Download Image Now. ... Download this Human Skeleton In A Bad Feeling Unconsciousness Position Conceptual 3d Illustration photo now. And search more of ... Human skeleton in a bad feeling unconsciousness position, conceptual 3D illustration. Concept of painful feelings in body, ...
They may or may not have eye movement and unconsciousness may or may not accompany a seizure or shock symptoms such as white ... Of course, if you know your dog has a health condition you can prevent unconsciousness with medications or good care, be sure ... It is difficult to prevent unconsciousness because it can occur for a variety of reasons. Many dogs are unconscious after a ... Other dogs may suffer unconsciousness due to an accident or traumatic event, things which could have never been foreseen or ...
Rather, the most contagious thing in any season is unconsciousness. Unfortunately, vaccines for unconsciousness are hard to ... Evil acts are the embodiment of individual or collective unconsciousness. They vary in degree, but they all are sourced from a ...
... - Greetings of Melchizedek!You are all aware that your reality is what you have ... This Unconsciousness is the realm of magic and alchemy, and the Collective Consciousness is the realm of, what you call, ... But if we ask you, right now, to delve into that level of the Unconsciousness whereby you could teleport, the only reason why ... What is this Collective Unconsciousness? Before we answer that question, let us go back several, several, several eons; eons ...
One of those comix was Stream of (Un)Consciousness by Brett Warnock. For those that dont know, Brett is half of Top Shelf ... Review of Stream of (Un)Consciousness by Brett Warnock. Posted on May 1, 2009 by robin ...
... you will find the Term for a prolonged state of deep unconsciousness; it comes from the Greek for deep sleep Jeopardy answer ... The answer we have for Term for a prolonged state of deep unconsciousness; it comes from the Greek for deep sleep has a total ... Here is the answer to the: Term for a prolonged state of deep unconsciousness; it comes from the Greek for deep sleep Jeopardy ... Term for a prolonged state of deep unconsciousness; it comes from the Greek for deep sleep. ...
Dynamic reconfiguration, fragmentation and integration of whole-brain modular structure across depths of unconsciousness. View ... Dynamic reconfiguration, fragmentation and integration of whole-brain modular structure across depths of unconsciousness ... Dynamic reconfiguration, fragmentation and integration of whole-brain modular structure across depths of unconsciousness ... Dynamic reconfiguration, fragmentation and integration of whole-brain modular structure across depths of unconsciousness ...
Murchha Pranayama: Unconsciousness breathing control. Through this Pranayama the performer attains Murchhavastha the state of ...
New study reveals higher prevalence of seizures and unconsciousness among children with omicron variant of COVID-19 ... Omicron Variant Raises Concerns for Children with Increase in Seizures and Unconsciousness. By Dr. Alyssa Srisai. November 16, ... Of particular concern were the findings related to seizures and unconsciousness among children infected with the omicron ... The significant increase in seizures and unconsciousness among children during the omicron period emphasized the urgency of ...
Sorry, this entry is only available in Norsk, Română and English.. ...
Nischi is an application that makes it easy to remember English vocabulary. It is particularly helpful to those who need to remember vocabulary in their day-to-day lives in order to improve their English.Learn more about Nischi ...
We report a case of prolonged unconsciousness for 14 days following a perampanel overdose of 3.5 times the maximum daily dose, ... This represents the longest known period of unconsciousness with full recovery and the first reported in a perampanel naïve ... The literature available identifies a potential for prolonged unconsciousness in overdose. ... We report a case of prolonged unconsciousness for 14 days following a perampanel overdose of 3.5 times the maximum daily dose, ...
Please ask all patients to visit my website www.unconsciousness.net which provides a lot of information. ...
Unconsciousness is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to ... Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Unconsciousness&oldid=1310649" ...
Palabras clave : Unconsciousness; Machado de Assis; Psychoanalysis. · resumen en Español , Portugués · texto en Portugués · ... XAVIER, Ione Aparecida. The Consciousness-Unconsciousness intergame. Imaginario [online]. 2007, vol.13, n.14, pp. 461-482. ISSN ... This study had as its main purpose to investigate the unconsciousness in a Machado de Assis literary work, using the concept ... of "relative unconsciousness" by Fabio Hermanns. Through the work of art, the author interacts with the reader establishing an ...
Guidance 5-10 mins, Consciousness, Ego, Guidance, Holy Spirit, Music, Purpose, Relationships, Symbols, Unconsciousness, Words ...
Orthodoxy was unconsciousness. Syme looked up. «Here comes Parsons,» he said. Something in the tone of his voice seemed to add ... "Orthodoxy was unconsciousness." George Orwell, 1984 (1949).. Click on the text to copy it to clipboard ...
EMS Resources - Unconsciousness DEPARTMENT. EMS Resources - First Aid *404 Error, content does not exist anymore ...
732 - Stream Unconsciousness. â—Ž 1,225 â–½ 1,908 - 2021-07-08Details. Description. Another stream that flows differently into your ... The listener is guided into a state of stream unconsciousness. He uses words and imagery to encourage the listener to drift in ... 732 - Stream Unconsciousness. Another stream that flows differently into your consciousness. - Random poetic induction. ...
I remember dusk on Sunday afternoons in mid Summer standing below the last fly ball of the day. It would settle softly into my glove. Id look around at all the grass and note the colors in the sky and the white of the ball and the light brown baseball glove and I wouldnt think a goddamned thing but I sure felt good. I could feel the presence of the baseball cards in the box in my room and The Beatle records and the posters on my wall and the grape soda in the fridge and the dog waiting at home and the love of my dad and the heartiness of my little body and Id prance off the field and damn near skip home where there would be dinner and the TV and mom would keep to herself because dad was around. The next day Id hang out with Mark Norman and maybe wed gather some other friends and explore Indian Rock or play an elaborate game of hide and seek and wed climb trees and toss the ball and tell stories and laugh like crazy. I wasnt a little kid anymore, at least in my mind, I was getting toward ...
Home/Kaakas Mom Feigned Unconsciousness. Kaakas Mom Feigned Unconsciousness. * Local News Kaakas Mom Feigned Unconsciousness ...
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment ...
What is Unconsciousness? Copy. Click login and enter your credentials to continue. ...
Organizational Subconsciousness and Unconsciousness. Stever Posted on September 12, 2018. Posted in Analogy, Applied Medical, ...
Illogicists The Unconsciousness of Living was added to the Willowtip Bandcamp. This is fluid and tight modern technical death ...
  • However, recent findings from Japan have raised concerns about the impact of the omicron variant on children, specifically regarding an increase in seizures and unconsciousness. (thaimedicalnews.com)
  • Of particular concern were the findings related to seizures and unconsciousness among children infected with the omicron variant. (thaimedicalnews.com)
  • While the non-omicron group had only one case with these symptoms, a staggering 92 children in the omicron group experienced seizures and unconsciousness. (thaimedicalnews.com)
  • The significant increase in seizures and unconsciousness among children during the omicron period emphasized the urgency of recognizing this surge. (thaimedicalnews.com)
  • In conclusion, this study has shed light on the concerning association between SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants and an increase in seizures and unconsciousness among children with COVID-19. (thaimedicalnews.com)
  • While courts have concluded that seizures attendant to epilepsy provide a basis for a defense , other types of unconsciousness or automatism have been rejected as bases for a defense. (ucmjdefense.com)
  • One such emergency is the occurrence of unconsciousness or seizures while driving. (gymhealthdiet.us)
  • Unconsciousness or seizures are two such signs that require immediate attention. (gymhealthdiet.us)
  • Emergencies on the road, such as unconsciousness or seizures while driving, require quick thinking and effective response to ensure the well-being of all individuals involved. (gymhealthdiet.us)
  • Michael: Evil acts are the embodiment of individual or collective unconsciousness. (infinitesmile.org)
  • It is not a no-win situation, for though all of humanity is part of the Collective Consciousness, all of humanity is also part of the Collective Unconsciousness. (speakingtree.in)
  • What is this Collective Unconsciousness? (speakingtree.in)
  • Changes in the EEG and behavioural indices of consciousness/unconsciousness were assessed and compared in sheep. (wur.nl)
  • The listener is guided into a state of stream unconsciousness. (nimja.com)
  • A coma or period of unconsciousness, lasting for a variable period, follows phase 2. (medscape.com)
  • Unconsciousness is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli. (wikidoc.org)
  • Brief unconsciousness (or fainting ) is often a result from dehydration, low blood sugar , or temporary low blood pressure. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The patterns, or "signatures," could one day be used to monitor and control sedation and unconsciousness in patients given propofol, say the authors. (technologyreview.com)
  • The advanced closed-loop anesthesia delivery (CLAD) system developed by researchers at MIT (Cambridge, MA, USA) and Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA, USA) tailors propofol dosages by monitoring the brain state of the individual, with the objective of achieving the specific level of unconsciousness required while reducing postoperative side effects. (hospimedica.com)
  • Threat reflex and rhythmic breathing correlated with EEG activity during propofol anaesthesia whilst absence of non-rhythmic breathing or threat reflex indicated unconsciousness. (wur.nl)
  • Unconsciousness may occur as the result of traumatic brain injury, brain hypoxia (inadequate oxygen, possibly due to a brain infarction or cardiac arrest), severe intoxication with drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system (e.g., alcohol and other hypnotic or sedative drugs), severe fatigue, pain, anaesthesia, and other causes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Severe cases of hypothermia could lead to unconsciousness, stopped breathing, and loss of a pulse. (cdc.gov)
  • The uniqueness of the CLAD system lies in its use of direct, physiologically based brain state indicators to measure unconsciousness. (hospimedica.com)
  • The validity of behavioural indicators to assess unconsciousness under different slaughter conditions is under (inter)national debate. (wur.nl)
  • The aim of this study was to validate eyelid-, withdrawal-, threat reflex and rhythmic breathing as indicators to assess unconsciousness in sheep. (wur.nl)
  • Absence of regular breathing and eyelid reflex was observed 00:27 ± 00:12 min and 00:59 ± 00:17 min (mean ± SD) respectively after animals were considered unconscious, indicating that absence of regular breathing and eyelid reflex are distinctly conservative indicators of unconsciousness during non-stunned slaughter in sheep. (wur.nl)
  • In jurisprudence, unconsciousness may entitle the criminal defendant to the defense of automatism, i.e. a state without control of one's own actions, an excusing condition that allows a defendant to argue that they should not be held criminally liable for their actions or omissions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unconsciousness is a state in which a living individual exhibits a complete, or near-complete, inability to maintain an awareness of self and environment or to respond to any human or environmental stimulus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The team also identified a pattern in the participants' brain waves that was associated with the deepest state of unconsciousness. (technologyreview.com)
  • It is difficult to prevent unconsciousness because it can occur for a variety of reasons. (safehounds.com)
  • We report a case of prolonged unconsciousness for 14 days following a perampanel overdose of 3.5 times the maximum daily dose, requiring protracted intubation and ventilation on intensive care, with eventual complete neurological recovery. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They may or may not have eye movement and unconsciousness may or may not accompany a seizure or shock symptoms such as white gums, a rapid heart beat, weak pulse, or rapid breathing. (safehounds.com)
  • Other dogs may suffer unconsciousness due to an accident or traumatic event, things which could have never been foreseen or controlled. (safehounds.com)
  • It successfully kept the unconsciousness marker extremely close to the targeted levels during the entire experiment. (hospimedica.com)
  • Alongside this, a reliable marker for unconsciousness based on human EEGs must be identified. (hospimedica.com)
  • This represents the longest known period of unconsciousness with full recovery and the first reported in a perampanel naïve patient. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Unconsciousness or any other sudden change in mental status must be treated as a medical emergency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NOFX is always a good listen and the Regaining Unconsciousness EP, full of political references and a mind full of thoughts, is no exception. (inmusicwetrust.com)
  • This study had as its main purpose to investigate the unconsciousness in a Machado de Assis' literary work, using the concept of "relative unconsciousness" by Fabio Hermann's. (bvsalud.org)
  • Look up Unconsciousness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. (wikipedia.org)
  • Speculations about what might have caused Depp's unconsciousness range from health issues to substance abuse problems. (andhranews.net)
  • Of course, if you know your dog has a health condition you can prevent unconsciousness with medications or good care, be sure to follow up on these things. (safehounds.com)
  • So Brown and Patrick Purdon , a neuroscientist at Massachusetts General Hospital and MIT, and their colleagues set out to characterize specific EEG rhythms that associate with anesthesia-induced unconsciousness. (technologyreview.com)
  • In each case, the system had to maintain the animals at a specific unconsciousness level for various durations. (hospimedica.com)
  • But you have to reach that critical point again, where, once it has been reached, the equation between Consciousness and Unconsciousness will go back to greater percentage of Consciousness and far less of the Unconscious. (speakingtree.in)
  • Choking on an object can result in unconsciousness as well. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This would enable them to maintain the perfect level of unconsciousness while minimizing post-surgery cognitive issues, particularly in vulnerable populations like older adults. (hospimedica.com)
  • Another aspect that has been discussed in relation to Johnny Depp's alleged unconsciousness is his history of substance abuse issues. (andhranews.net)
  • Unconsciousness is when a person is unable to respond to people and activities. (medlineplus.gov)