Upper Extremity
Bones of Upper Extremity
Joint Deformities, Acquired
Foot Deformities, Acquired
Lower Extremity
Hand Deformities, Acquired
Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis
Foot Deformities, Congenital
Paresis
Shrinkage of somatosensory hand area in subjects with upper extremity dysmelia revealed by magnetoencephalography. (1/30)
The effect of peripheral lesions on cerebral somatosensory representations is well studied for experimentally induced amputations and deafferentations acquired later in life. However, few studies have investigated the brain's capacity for plastic changes in congenital malformations. We studied somatosensory-evoked fields to electrical stimulation of the bordering fingers in 10 subjects with upper extremity dysmelia in comparison with 10 control subjects using a 122-channel whole-head magnetometer. The number of developed fingers varied between two and four in the affected subjects. We localized finger representations in the primary somatosensory cortex and calculated Euclidian distances to estimate the size of the somatosensory hand area. Euclidian distances were significantly smaller in dysmelic subjects (5.7 mm) than in control subjects (11.6 mm) and were related to the number of the developed fingers on the contralateral hand. In contrast, individual finger representations were not found to be reduced. We suggest that the shrinkage of the somatosensory hand area might be related to the congenital nature of the malformation, to the smaller anatomical hand size in the affected subjects, and/or to use-dependent effects due to impaired hand function. (+info)Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum with radial defects: a new syndrome or an extension of the oculoauriculovertebral spectrum? Report of fourteen Brazilian cases and review of the literature. (2/30)
The first and second branchial arches are embryonic primordium that contributes to craniofacial development. Interferences in normal development of these structures result in variable maxillary, mandibular, and ear abnormalities. These anomalies can be isolated or part of some known and unknown conditions, among them, the oculoauriculovertebral spectrum (OAVS). Malformations of the external ear or microtia are mandatory features of the OAVS and occur as an isolated malformation (population frequency of 0.03%), or in association with other anomalies such as mandible hypoplasia, epibulbar dermoids, and spinal vertebral defects. Extreme variability of phenotypic manifestations is the main feature of the OAVS and, developmental anomalies are not restricted to facial structures. Cardiac, pulmonary, renal, skeletal, and central nervous system involvements have been observed in patients presented with this condition. Radial defects, although rare, have been reported. In this study, we report on the clinical aspects of 14 Brazilian patients with first and second branchial arches abnormalities associated with radial defects and we compared these data with those of 26 cases in the literature. We postulate that radial defects associated with OAVS might represent a subset within this spectrum. (+info)Holt-Oram syndrome. (3/30)
The Holt-Oram syndrome or atriodigital dysplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder with near complete penetrance and variable expression, caused by mutations of the TBX5 gene (12q24.1), affecting one in 100 000 live births. 60% of cases are familial and 40% sporadic. We present the case of a 24 years old male patient with a personal history of bilateral coxa vara surgically corrected on the right at the age of 8 years, complicated by osteochondritis, short stature (160 cm), underweight (37 kg, BMI 14.45 kg/cm(2)), triangular face, micrognathia, down slanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, low set ears, scoliosis, narrow shoulders, shortened left arm, left thumb agenesia, limited supination, abnormal toes, hypoplastic muscles, atrial septal defect ostium secundum type, incomplete right bundle branch block, hypoacusia and normal intelligence. (+info)Evaluation of arm and prosthetic functioning in children with a congenital transverse reduction deficiency of the upper limb. (4/30)
OBJECTIVE: To assess upper extremity functioning of children with unilateral transverse upper limb reduction deficiency, using standardized instruments, and to investigate their validity and reliability. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Twenty subjects aged 4-12 years; 9 prosthetic users and 11 non-users. METHODS: The Assisting Hand Assessment, Unilateral Below Elbow Test, Prosthetic Upper extremity Functional Index and ABILHAND-Kids were assessed in all children. Users were tested with and without their prosthesis. We compared results of users and non-users, and of users with and without their prosthesis. Validity was determined by testing hypotheses and correlations with other measures. Test-retest reliability was assessed from repeated measurements in 10 children. RESULTS: Children with an upper limb reduction deficiency performed well on daily activities. They could use their prosthesis in 68% of the activities, but were currently using it in only 30%. Children find their prosthesis useful for specific activities, rather than for daily activities in general. The Assisting Hand Assessment and Prosthetic Upper extremity Functional Index showed best validity; test-retest reliability was good to excellent. CONCLUSION: The use of standardized instruments adds relevant information on functioning of children with an upper limb reduction deficiency. We found additional support for validity and reliability of, in particular, the Assisting Hand Assessment and Prosthetic Upper extremity Functional Index. (+info)Foetal chondrodysplasia: intrauterine diagnosis. (5/30)
Chondrodysplasias are rare occurrence. We present a case of short-limbed chondrodyplasia diagnosed in a 22 week fetus of a 28 year old. She was para 4(+0) with two children alive. She had similar occurrences in her last two pregnancies. The index pregnancy and the last two eventful pregnancies were preceded with ingestion of trado-herbal drug to treat subfertility. (+info)Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of familial Holt-Oram syndrome associated with type B interrupted aortic arch. (6/30)
We present a rare case of familial Holt-Oram syndrome diagnosed sonographically at 18 weeks of gestation. The foetus had serious bilateral upper limb malformations, a ventricular septal defect and a type B interrupted aortic arch, while the mother had bilateral upper limb malformations only. The pregnancy was terminated. A pathological and radiological examination of the foetus confirmed the prenatal sonographic findings. Although genetic investigation of TBX5 mutations was not available in our locality at the time of diagnosis, the geneticists made a clinical diagnosis of familial Holt-Oram syndrome. The clinical features of our case completely fulfilled the strict diagnostic criteria for the syndrome. The cardiac malformations most commonly associated with Holt-Oram syndrome are atrial or ventricular septal defects. To the best of our knowledge, a prenatal diagnosis of Holt-Oram syndrome in association with a type B interrupted aortic arch has not been reported in the English literature before. (+info)Functional analysis of the novel TBX5 c.1333delC mutation resulting in an extended TBX5 protein. (7/30)
(+info)Estimation of carrying angle based on CT images in preoperative surgical planning for cubitus deformities. (8/30)
Conventionally, the carrying angle of the elbow is measured using simple two-dimensional radiography or goniometry, which has questionable reliability. This study proposes a novel method for estimating carrying angles using computed tomography that can enhance the reliability of the angle measurement. Data of CT scans from 25 elbow joints were processed to build segmented three-dimensional models. The cross-sectional centerlines of the ulna and the humerus were traced from the 3D models, and the angle between 2 vectors formed from the centerlines of the humerus and the ulna was defined as the "three-dimensional carrying angle." These angles were compared with those measured by simple radiograph. Two cases of angular deformity were underwent surgery based on this preoperative surgical planning, and the postoperative 3D carrying angles were evaluated using the proposed method. The mean value of the calculated three-dimensional carrying angle was 20.7 degrees +/-3.61, while it was 16.3 degrees +/-3.21 based on simple radiography without statistical difference. Based on the 3D carrying angle estimations, 2 surgical cases of cubitus deformities were planned by comparison with the normal contra-lateral elbow. Postoperative angle estimations confirmed that the corrected angles were nearly identical to the planned angles for both cases. The results of this study showed that the carrying angle can be accurately estimated using three-dimensional CT and that the proposed method is useful in evaluating deformities of the elbow with high reliability. (+info)Congenital Upper Extremity Deformities refer to physical abnormalities or malformations of the upper limb (arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand) that are present at birth. These deformities can vary greatly in severity, complexity, and impact on function and appearance. They may result from genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both during fetal development. Examples of congenital upper extremity deformities include:
1. Radial club hand: A condition where the radius bone in the forearm is underdeveloped or absent, causing the hand to turn outward and the wrist to bend inward.
2. Club foot of the arm: Also known as congenital vertical talus, this deformity affects the ankle and foot, causing them to point upwards. In the upper extremity, it can lead to limited mobility and function.
3. Polydactyly: The presence of extra fingers or toes, which can be fully formed or rudimentary.
4. Syndactyly: Fusion or webbing of fingers or toes.
5. Radial longitudinal deficiency: A spectrum of radial ray anomalies that includes radial club hand and other associated malformations.
6. Ulnar longitudinal deficiency: Underdevelopment or absence of the ulna bone, which can lead to deformities in the forearm, wrist, and hand.
7. Amniotic band syndrome: A condition where fibrous bands in the amniotic sac entangle and restrict the growth of fetal parts, including the upper limbs.
8. Cleidocranial dysplasia: A genetic disorder characterized by underdeveloped or absent collarbones, delayed closing of the skull bones, and other skeletal abnormalities, including shortened or deformed upper extremities.
9. Arthrogryposis: A group of conditions characterized by joint contractures and stiffness, which can affect any part of the body, including the upper extremities.
Treatment for congenital upper extremity deformities typically involves a combination of surgical interventions, physical therapy, bracing, or prosthetics to improve function, appearance, and quality of life.
Congenital Lower Extremity Deformities refer to abnormal structures or development in the lower limbs (including thighs, legs, and feet) that are present at birth. These deformities can vary greatly in severity, from mild differences in shape or position to severe defects that significantly limit mobility or function.
Congenital lower extremity deformities can be caused by genetic factors, environmental influences during pregnancy, or a combination of both. Some common examples include:
1. Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot): A deformity where the foot is turned inward and downward at birth.
2. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): A condition where the hip joint does not form properly, leading to instability or dislocation.
3. Congenital Femoral Deficiency: A rare condition where there is a deficiency or absence of the femur (thigh bone) or abnormal development of the hip joint.
4. Fibular Hemimelia: A congenital absence or shortening of the fibula bone, which can lead to foot and ankle deformities.
5. Tibial Hemimelia: A rare condition where there is a partial or complete absence of the tibia bone, leading to significant leg length discrepancies and joint instability.
Treatment for congenital lower extremity deformities can range from non-surgical interventions such as bracing, casting, or physical therapy to surgical procedures aimed at correcting the deformity and improving function.
The term "upper extremity" is used in the medical field to refer to the portion of the upper limb that extends from the shoulder to the hand. This includes the arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. The upper extremity is responsible for various functions such as reaching, grasping, and manipulating objects, making it an essential part of a person's daily activities.
The bones that make up the upper extremity, also known as the upper limb, include those found in the arm, shoulder, and wrist. Here is a medical definition of each bone in the upper extremity:
1. Clavicle (Collarbone): A long, S-shaped bone located in the anterior part of the shoulder region that connects the trunk to the arm. It acts as a strut between the scapula and the sternum, providing support and protection for the underlying structures such as blood vessels and nerves.
2. Scapula (Shoulder Blade): A flat, triangular bone located on the posterior aspect of the shoulder region. The scapula has several important functions, including anchoring muscles that move the arm and serving as a site of attachment for the clavicle.
3. Humerus: The longest bone in the upper extremity, located in the arm between the shoulder and elbow. It has a proximal end (head) that articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula to form the shoulder joint, and a distal end (epicondyles) that articulates with the radius and ulna bones to form the elbow joint.
4. Radius: One of two bones in the forearm located laterally (on the thumb side). It has a proximal end that articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint, and a distal end that articulates with the carpals of the wrist. The radius also has a unique feature called the radial head, which is a rounded articular surface that allows for rotation of the forearm.
5. Ulna: One of two bones in the forearm located medially (on the pinky side). It has a proximal end that articulates with the humerus at the elbow joint, and a distal end that articulates with the carpals of the wrist. The ulna also has a prominent process called the olecranon, which forms the bony prominence on the back of the elbow (olecranon process).
6. Carpals: Eight small bones located in the wrist region that form the proximal row of the carpus. They include the scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform bones. The carpals articulate with the radius and ulna proximally, and the metacarpals distally.
7. Metacarpals: Five long bones located in the hand region that form the middle part of the hand. They articulate with the carpals proximally and the phalanges distally. The metacarpals are numbered 1-5, with the thumb being metacarpal 1 and the little finger being metacarpal 5.
8. Phalanges: Fifteen small bones located in the fingers and thumb region that form the distal part of the hand. Each digit has three phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal), except for the thumb, which only has two (proximal and distal). The phalanges articulate with the metacarpals proximally and each other distally.
Understanding the anatomy of the upper limb is essential for healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose and treat conditions affecting this region. Familiarity with the bones, joints, muscles, and nerves that make up the upper limb can help clinicians identify areas of injury or dysfunction, develop appropriate treatment plans, and monitor patient progress over time.
Acquired joint deformities refer to structural changes in the alignment and shape of a joint that develop after birth, due to various causes such as injury, disease, or wear and tear. These deformities can affect the function and mobility of the joint, causing pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion. Examples of conditions that can lead to acquired joint deformities include arthritis, infection, trauma, and nerve damage. Treatment may involve medication, physical therapy, or surgery to correct the deformity and alleviate symptoms.
Acquired foot deformities refer to structural abnormalities of the foot that develop after birth, as opposed to congenital foot deformities which are present at birth. These deformities can result from various factors such as trauma, injury, infection, neurological conditions, or complications from a medical condition like diabetes or arthritis.
Examples of acquired foot deformities include:
1. Hammertoe - A deformity where the toe bends downward at the middle joint, resembling a hammer.
2. Claw toe - A more severe form of hammertoe where the toe also curls under, forming a claw-like shape.
3. Mallet toe - A condition where the end joint of a toe is bent downward, causing it to resemble a mallet.
4. Bunions - A bony bump that forms on the inside of the foot at the big toe joint, often causing pain and difficulty wearing shoes.
5. Tailor's bunion (bunionette) - A similar condition to a bunion, but it occurs on the outside of the foot near the little toe joint.
6. Charcot foot - A severe deformity that can occur in people with diabetes or other neurological conditions, characterized by the collapse and dislocation of joints in the foot.
7. Cavus foot - A condition where the arch of the foot is excessively high, causing instability and increasing the risk of ankle injuries.
8. Flatfoot (pes planus) - A deformity where the arch of the foot collapses, leading to pain and difficulty walking.
9. Pronation deformities - Abnormal rotation or tilting of the foot, often causing instability and increasing the risk of injury.
Treatment for acquired foot deformities varies depending on the severity and underlying cause but may include orthotics, physical therapy, medication, or surgery.
The term "lower extremity" is used in the medical field to refer to the portion of the human body that includes the structures below the hip joint. This includes the thigh, lower leg, ankle, and foot. The lower extremities are responsible for weight-bearing and locomotion, allowing individuals to stand, walk, run, and jump. They contain many important structures such as bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels.
In medical terms, the arm refers to the upper limb of the human body, extending from the shoulder to the wrist. It is composed of three major bones: the humerus in the upper arm, and the radius and ulna in the lower arm. The arm contains several joints, including the shoulder joint, elbow joint, and wrist joint, which allow for a wide range of motion. The arm also contains muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and other soft tissues that are essential for normal function.
Acquired hand deformities refer to structural changes in the hand or fingers that occur after birth, as a result of injury, illness, or other external factors. These deformities can affect any part of the hand, including the bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. Common causes of acquired hand deformities include trauma, infection, degenerative diseases such as arthritis, tumors, and neurological conditions.
The symptoms of acquired hand deformities can vary depending on the severity and location of the deformity. They may include pain, stiffness, swelling, decreased range of motion, loss of function, and changes in appearance. Treatment for acquired hand deformities may involve a combination of medical interventions, such as medication, physical therapy, or splinting, as well as surgical procedures to correct the underlying structural problem. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms, improve function, and restore normal appearance and movement to the hand.
Arm injuries refer to any damage or harm sustained by the structures of the upper limb, including the bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels. These injuries can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, overuse, or degenerative conditions. Common arm injuries include fractures, dislocations, sprains, strains, tendonitis, and nerve damage. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, limited mobility, numbness, or weakness in the affected area. Treatment varies depending on the type and severity of the injury, and may include rest, ice, compression, elevation, physical therapy, medication, or surgery.
The term "extremities" in a medical context refers to the most distant parts of the body, including the hands and feet (both fingers and toes), as well as the arms and legs. These are the farthest parts from the torso and head. Medical professionals may examine a patient's extremities for various reasons, such as checking circulation, assessing nerve function, or looking for injuries or abnormalities.
Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is a medical condition that refers to the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the deep veins located in the arm or shoulder. This condition can occur due to various reasons, including trauma, surgery, cancer, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions that increase the risk of blood clotting.
The deep veins are larger vessels that run through the body's muscles and are surrounded by fascia, a connective tissue. UEDVT can cause partial or complete blockage of blood flow in the affected vein, leading to swelling, pain, redness, warmth, and decreased function in the arm or hand. In some cases, the clot can break off and travel to the lungs, causing a potentially life-threatening condition called pulmonary embolism (PE).
Diagnosis of UEDVT typically involves a physical exam, medical history, and imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment may include anticoagulant medications to prevent the clot from growing or breaking off, thrombolytic therapy to dissolve the clot, or surgical intervention in severe cases. Compression stockings or other devices may also be used to help improve blood flow and reduce swelling.
Acquired nose deformities refer to structural changes or abnormalities in the shape of the nose that occur after birth, as opposed to congenital deformities which are present at birth. These deformities can result from various factors such as trauma, injury, infection, tumors, or surgical procedures. Depending on the severity and cause of the deformity, it may affect both the aesthetic appearance and functionality of the nose, potentially causing difficulty in breathing, sinus problems, or sleep apnea. Treatment options for acquired nose deformities may include minimally invasive procedures, such as fillers or laser surgery, or more extensive surgical interventions, such as rhinoplasty or septoplasty, to restore both form and function to the nose.
Congenital foot deformities refer to abnormal structural changes in the foot that are present at birth. These deformities can vary from mild to severe and may affect the shape, position, or function of one or both feet. Common examples include clubfoot (talipes equinovarus), congenital vertical talus, and cavus foot. Congenital foot deformities can be caused by genetic factors, environmental influences during fetal development, or a combination of both. Treatment options may include stretching, casting, surgery, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the severity and type of the deformity.
Paresis is a medical term that refers to a partial loss of voluntary muscle function. It is often described as muscle weakness, and it can affect one or several parts of the body. Paresis can be caused by various conditions, including nerve damage, stroke, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and infections like polio or botulism. The severity of paresis can range from mild to severe, depending on the underlying cause and the specific muscles involved. Treatment for paresis typically focuses on addressing the underlying condition causing it.
Spinal curvatures refer to the normal or abnormal curvature patterns of the spine as viewed from the side. The human spine has four distinct curves that form an "S" shape when viewed from the side: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. These natural curves provide strength, flexibility, and balance to the spine, allowing us to stand upright, maintain proper posture, and absorb shock during movement.
Abnormal spinal curvatures are often referred to as spinal deformities and can be classified into two main categories: hyperkyphosis (increased kyphosis) and hyperlordosis (increased lordosis). Examples of such conditions include:
1. Kyphosis: An excessive curvature in the thoracic or sacral regions, leading to a hunchback or rounded appearance. Mild kyphosis is common and usually not problematic, but severe cases can cause pain, breathing difficulties, and neurological issues.
2. Lordosis: An abnormal increase in the curvature of the lumbar or cervical spine, resulting in an exaggerated swayback posture. This can lead to lower back pain, muscle strain, and difficulty maintaining proper balance.
3. Scoliosis: A lateral (side-to-side) spinal curvature that causes the spine to twist and rotate, forming a C or S shape when viewed from behind. Most scoliosis cases are idiopathic (of unknown cause), but they can also be congenital (present at birth) or secondary to other medical conditions.
These abnormal spinal curvatures may require medical intervention, such as physical therapy, bracing, or surgery, depending on the severity and progression of the condition.
Polydactyly
List of MeSH codes (C05)
List of MeSH codes (C16)
Arthrogryposis
Anthropometric cosmetology
History of trauma and orthopaedics
Hypertrichosis
Triphalangeal thumb
Tethered spinal cord syndrome
X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Tendon transfer
Plastic surgery
Artificial organ
Thumb hypoplasia
Prosthesis
Constriction ring syndrome
Neurofibromatosis type I
Adams-Oliver syndrome
Hand surgery
Radial dysplasia
Hereditary multiple exostoses
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
Femoroacetabular impingement
Amputation
Winter Paralympic Games
Orthopedic cast
Gerodermia osteodysplastica
Potter sequence
Spastic diplegia
Rhizotomy
Anomalies16
- Congenital anomalies of the spine have a range of clinical presentations. (medscape.com)
- This study evaluates the perceived functional and psychosocial impact of upper limb congenital anomalies prior to surgical intervention, utilizing the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure Information System (PROMIS) domains. (nih.gov)
- The PROMIS domains for UE function, Pain, and Depression are comparable with PODCI scores in congenital upper extremity anomalies. (nih.gov)
- In 1961, Frantz and O'Rahilly proposed, that congenital anomalies of the limb could be classified in seven categories, based on the embryonic failure causing the clinical presentation. (wikipedia.org)
- As of 2009, research has shown that the majority of congenital anomalies occur during the 4-week embryologic period of rapid limb development. (wikipedia.org)
- In general, specific hand anomalies need early expert care to correct and/or prevent deformities, and allow for the development of independent hand function . (orfit.com)
- Less commonly associated were ptosis, lateral rectus palsy, facial nerve palsy and upper extremity anomalies. (ai-online.info)
- There was no family history of congenital anomalies. (biomedcentral.com)
- The hand surgeon treating children with upper extremity anomalies must offer surgery to improve the child's function and cosmesis, when possible, and counsel parents about what is and is not possible with surgery. (medscape.com)
- there are 3 population studies of congenital anomalies of the upper limb in the literature. (medscape.com)
- A 5-year birth registry study of the Edinburgh by Rogala et al found the prevalence of babies born with any limb anomalies to be 30 cases per 10,000 live births and the incidence of upper limb anomalies to be 22.5 cases per 10,000 live births. (medscape.com)
- [ 2 ] Of those with upper limb anomalies, 35% had another non-upper limb anomaly. (medscape.com)
- An 11-year total population study of Western Australia found the prevalence of babies born with upper limb anomalies to be 19.76 cases per 10,000 live births. (medscape.com)
- Similarly, an 11-year total population study of the Stockholm region of Sweden found a recorded incidence of congenital anomalies of the upper limb of 21.5 cases per 10,000 live births. (medscape.com)
- [ 4 ] Fifty-four percent of the children with congenital anomalies of the upper limb were boys. (medscape.com)
- Nonhand anomalies were recorded in 23% of the children with congenital anomalies of the upper limb, most commonly in the lower limbs. (medscape.com)
Malformations8
- [ 1 ] In contrast, congenital spinal malformations that result in progressive spinal deformity are relatively rare, occurring with a reported frequency of 0.5/1000 births. (medscape.com)
- Orthotic fabrication can play a crucial role in the treatment of congenital malformations to the upper extremities. (orfit.com)
- Let's have a look at the characteristics of pediatric splinting for congenital malformations. (orfit.com)
- Maffucci syndrome is characterized by benign enlargements of cartilage (enchondromas), bone deformities, and venous malformations. (medscape.com)
- Characteristic venous malformations on the patient's right upper extremity. (medscape.com)
- Superficial and deep vascular lesions (venous malformations) often protrude as soft nodules or tumors, usually on the distal extremities, but they can appear anywhere. (medscape.com)
- Surprisingly, many upper extremity malformations cause little functional deficit. (medscape.com)
- See Bowen syndrome (211200) for a comparable but probably distinct syndrome of multiple congenital malformations. (nih.gov)
Fractures4
- Ability to evaluate and manage, both operatively and non-operatively, extremity trauma, including fractures, with emphasis on the shoulder and knee. (utmb.edu)
- Dr. Cruz treats a diverse group of upper extremity problems including trauma/fractures, degenerative conditions and congenital differences affecting patients both young and old. (orlincohen.com)
- And among the most important of these interventions are those that are performed on fractures of all kinds and shapes, in addition to dealing with various dislocations and occupational accidents that sometimes lead to the amputation of a limb or part of a limb This specialty also deals with diseases and congenital deformities of the upper and lower extremities, which is called orthopedia. (orthofixar.com)
- People with this type have many fractures starting very early in life and can have severe bone deformities. (medlineplus.gov)
Trauma4
- Ability to evaluate and manage extremity trauma with an emphasis on the pelvis, hip and upper femur, both operatively and non-operatively. (utmb.edu)
- Our hand therapists (occupational therapists OT ) are proficient in treatment of pathological upper extremity conditions resulting from trauma, disease, congenital or acquired deformity. (liberty-rehab.com)
- Krysten Bell, MD specializes in pediatric orthopedic surgical care, including trauma, complex hip deformities in children and young adults, scoliosis and other spine deformities, pediatric foot and ankle surgery, and pediatric sports injuries. (stlukesonline.org)
- A hand therapist is an Occupational Therapist or Physical Therapist who specialize in treatment of pathological upper extremity conditions resulting from trauma, disease, congenital or acquired deformity. (caoperformanceandtherapy.com)
Injuries5
- Hand therapy is the art and science of evaluating and treating injuries and conditions of the upper extremity (shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand). (liberty-rehab.com)
- Hand therapists provide non-operative interventions, preventative care and post-surgical rehabilitation for a wide variety of upper extremity disorders, from simple fingertip injuries to complex replanted extremities. (liberty-rehab.com)
- Hand therapy evolved from the need for a specialist with the knowledge and experience required to manage the challenging recovery of complex hand and upper extremity injuries. (caoperformanceandtherapy.com)
- Dr. Cruz has published and researched several orthopedic conditions, including spinal deformities, sports-related injuries, congenital hand differences and served as the editor-in-chief for Temple University Journal of Orthopedic Surgery & Sports Medicine, a publication devoted to clinical service and orthopedic research innovations. (orlincohen.com)
- When indicated, surgical procedures include correction of the acutely traumatized upper extremity (fracture and joint injuries, tendon lacerations, etc.), arthroscopic procedures on the wrist, reconstructive surgery for degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis (including joint replacement in the hand and wrist), nerve compressive syndromes and congenital hand deformities. (osmifw.com)
Constriction band syndrome3
- The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Ponseti method in the treatment of congenital constriction band syndrome accompanied by clubfoot deformity and lymphedema. (biomedcentral.com)
- We are presenting an interesting case of bilateral clubfeet and congenital circumferential constriction band syndrome in the lower limb. (biomedcentral.com)
- This case is reported because of its extreme rarity of bilateral congenital constriction band syndrome accompanied by clubfoot deformity and lymphedema. (biomedcentral.com)
Spine4
- Congenital deformities of the spine are spinal deformities identified at birth that are a byproduct of anomalous vertebral development in the embryo. (medscape.com)
- The resultant spinal deformity is often a complex, three-dimensional structure with differences in both the coronal and sagittal plane, along with a rotational component along the axis of the spine. (medscape.com)
- Type III variant includes type I or II deformities with coexisting segmentation errors in the lower thoracic or lumbar spine. (ai-online.info)
- Specializes in surgical and nonsurgical treatment of conditions of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine of adults including scoliosis/spinal deformity surgery. (scoi.com)
Elbow1
- A hand specialist will usually have the expertise to treat problems related not just to the hand and upper extremity, but also the elbow, arm and shoulder. (handspecialistatlanta.com)
Syndromes1
- Congenital limb deficiencies have many causes and often occur as a component of various congenital syndromes. (msdmanuals.com)
Scoliosis1
- Some deformities will result in sagittal plane abnormalities (kyphosis or lordosis), whereas others will primarily affect the coronal plane (scoliosis). (medscape.com)
Disorders6
- they concentrated on pediatric congenital hand deformities and upper extremity disorders. (correalogistics.com)
- To obtain the CHT credential, a hand therapist must practice for a minimum of three years, accumulating at least 4,000 hours of treatment for hand and upper extremity disorders. (liberty-rehab.com)
- Pediatric orthopaedics-The student should be exposed to all aspects of congenital and developmental disorders such as CTEV (club-Foot), development dysplasia of hip, congenital deficiency of limbs. (edu.in)
- unilateral or bilateral spastic cerebral palsy, spastic paresis) represent two characteristic paralytic disorders of the upper extremity. (researchgate.net)
- 2 mm), presence of symptoms showing the median nerve compression requiring release, congenital deformity in the upper limb, history of cerebral palsy in the upper extremity, history of diabetes mellitus and other metabolic disorders, and history of active smoking. (ac.ir)
- Immune deficiency disorders are classified as either primary (congenital) or acquired. (ssa.gov)
Carpal2
- In addition to performing the Brown Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release Procedure we treat all types of hand and upper extremity problems. (thehandtreatmentcenter.com)
- Dr. Mulligan has expertise in microvascular surgery, congenital hand deformities as well as mini-open and endoscopic carpal tunnel release. (albanymed.org)
Abnormalities2
- [ 3 ] Some congenital abnormalities may be benign, causing no spinal deformity, and remain undetected throughout a lifetime. (medscape.com)
- Introduction to Congenital Craniofacial and Musculoskeletal Abnormalities Craniofacial and musculoskeletal abnormalities are common among children. (msdmanuals.com)
Degenerative1
- Congenital deformities or degenerative diseases may also occur in the hand and upper extremity. (handspecialistatlanta.com)
Incidence of congenital1
- As of 1977, the incidence of congenital deformities in newborns[where? (wikipedia.org)
Spinal deformity2
- Others may be associated with severe, progressive spinal deformity leading to cor pulmonale or even paraplegia (see the image below). (medscape.com)
- Congenital spinal deformity may be described broadly in terms of the direction of the particular deformity. (medscape.com)
Common congenital hand1
- It is most frequent in Indian populations and it is the second most common congenital hand disorder. (wikipedia.org)
Orthopedic conditions1
- You will be scheduled with one of our pediatric orthopedic providers specializing in congenital orthopedic conditions. (archildrens.org)
Synostosis2
- ISSN=None ------>authors_c=None ------>score=246 ------>journal_name=At the 2001 Meeting and Symposium of the T.M.U. ------>paper_name=Congenital radioulnar synostosis-a case report and literature ------>confirm_date=20030507 ------>tch_id=075009 ------>pmid=10826394 ------>page1=C ------>fullAbstract=Congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRS) is a developmental deformity that interferes with pronation and supination of the upper extremity. (tmu.edu.tw)
- SCI_JNo=None ------>authors2_c=None ------>publish_area=None ------>updateTitle=Congenital radioulnar synostosis in an active duty soldier: case report and literature review. (tmu.edu.tw)
Distal1
- The results of this study indicate that the Ponseti method of gentle, systematic manipulation and weekly cast changes is an effective treatment of non-idiopathic clubfoot distal to congenital amniotic constriction band. (biomedcentral.com)
Kyphosis1
- Congenital kyphosis from posterior unbalanced hemivertebra. (medscape.com)
Patients3
- A multicenter prospectively collected database of congenital upper limb patients, the CoULD (Congenital Upper Limb Differences) study group, was utilized. (nih.gov)
- Plastic surgeons work with pediatric patients to correct congenital conditions like cleft lip and palate. (cozmoderm.com)
- An associated clubfoot deformity has been reported to occur in between 12 and 56% of patients with CABS [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Neuromuscular1
- Our Orthopedic Center is nationally known as the preeminent center for the care of children and young adults with a wide range of developmental, congenital, neuromuscular, sports-related, traumatic, and post-traumatic problems of the musculoskeletal system. (childrenshospital.org)
Cubital1
- cubital tunnel syndrome, supinator syndrome, pronator syndrome and many other hand/upper extremity problems. (thehandtreatmentcenter.com)
Child's2
- On the other hand, they can help prevent further deformity as well as enhance the child's upper extremity function and skill development. (orfit.com)
- Your child's doctor will look for other deformities that are sometimes associated with this condition. (childrenshospital.org)
Severe4
- Patient with severe congenital hyperlordosis. (medscape.com)
- A male child of Caucasian origin was brought to our hospital at the age of 5 days with circumferential congenital constriction rings just above the ankle joint, and severe clubfeet. (biomedcentral.com)
- There was also a severe clubfoot deformity grade 4 according to Dimeglio classification with a marked medio-tarsal crease. (biomedcentral.com)
- Complex deformities around the knee joint are usually severe and have several aetiologies. (researchgate.net)
Surgery3
- Sean enjoyed 21 years in private practice, and his love was Surgery of the Hand and upper extremity. (correalogistics.com)
- Dr. Cruz is an esteemed upper extremity surgeon belonging to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, American Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Ruth Jackson Society. (orlincohen.com)
- Surgery may be needed to correct any deformities. (medlineplus.gov)
Clubfoot4
- Ponseti method of correcting the congenital clubfoot deformity was applied. (biomedcentral.com)
- When a clubfoot deformity is suspected during prenatal ultrasound screening this should lead to a more thorough search for co-morbidity [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Pregnancy was uneventful, but during a routine ultrasound examination at 18 weeks of gestation, the gynecologist noticed bilateral clubfoot deformities and informed the parents (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
- The clubfoot deformity was grade 4 according to Dimeglio. (biomedcentral.com)
Limbs3
- Complex deformities of the limbs cause significant derangement in the shape of limbs. (jointandsports.com)
- Congenital limb defects involve missing, incomplete, supernumerary, or abnormally developed limbs present at birth. (msdmanuals.com)
- Congenital limb amputations and deficiencies are missing or incomplete limbs at birth. (msdmanuals.com)
Benign1
- Tumors: Surgical treatment of benign and malignant tumors of the upper extremity including soft tissue and tumors of bone. (osmifw.com)
Defects1
- The most common cause of congenital limb amputations are soft-tissue and/or vascular disruption defects, such as amniotic band-related limb deficiency, in which loose strands of amnion entangle or fuse with fetal tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
Lower4
- The individual performs weight bearing transfers to/from the power wheelchair while in the home, using either their upper extremities during a non-level (uneven) sitting transfer and/or their lower extremities during a sit to stand transfer. (cms.gov)
- 8. Major joint of an upper or a lower extremity has the same meaning as in 1.00I2 and 1.00I3 . (ssa.gov)
- Congenital structural deformities of the upper and lower extremities collectively or unspecified. (bvsalud.org)
- Radial ray deficiency is the most common upper-limb deficiency, and hypoplasia of the fibula is the most common lower-limb deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
Bone1
- As the bones grow, some cartilage material is left behind and grows irregularly, developing into the characteristic bone deformities. (medscape.com)
Hypoplasia1
- The Orthopedic Center's Hand and Orthopedic Upper Extremity Program and our Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery's Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Program have treated thousands of babies and children with thumb hypoplasia and aplasia and other hand problems. (childrenshospital.org)
Wrist1
- for example, the rate cases in Lebanon including the surgi- upper limb and whether it was major increased from 2.0 to 2.7 per 100 000 cal indications so that a better under- (above the ankle or above the wrist) or population in England between 1996 standing of the scope of the problem minor (hand, foot or part thereof). (who.int)
Procedures2
- The team's research foci include congenital hand deformities and upper extremity surgeries, developing neuroprosthetics for use in upper extremity amputees, and determining surgeries and procedures that lead to the best possible patient outcomes. (utah.edu)
- Dr. Mulligan is a board certified Orthopedic Surgeon specializing in Reconstructive and Arthroscopic procedures of the upper extremity. (albanymed.org)
Thoracic1
- Type I is an extensive abnormality where elements of several cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae are incorporated into a single block. (ai-online.info)
Amputations1
- La prévention du diabète, son dépistage et sa prise en charge doivent devenir prioritaires afin de tenter de réduire l'incidence actuelle des amputations au Liban. (who.int)
Examination1
- The pediatric examination revealed no other abnormality in the upper extremities or other organs. (biomedcentral.com)
