Morbidity of the lower genital tract during pregnancy. (1/13)
The lower genital tract of 280 pregnant women was studied in detail, and symptoms relevant to its morbidity were elicited and recorded. The study was contemporaneous with a study of microbial flora in the genital tract of these women (de Louvois et al, 1975). Complaint was made frequently of discharge (42%), irritation (15%), or both (11%). Apart from these symptoms, 14% admitted a past history of vulvovaginitis, emphasizing the importance of this condition in obstetric and gynaecological practice. The notorious discrepancy between the complaint, and the objective demonstration of discharge, was confirmed, but a significant difference in observations, varying with the clinical observer (P less than 0-001), was also demonstrated. This illustrates the necessity of even more accurate grading of signs when clinicopathological correlations are to be attempted. Only 30% of women had no evidence of vulvovaginitis or cervicitis. Morbidity did not relate to age, gestation or parity, but there was a significant correlation between clinical acumen, as evidenced by a request for a microbiological report with a view to treatment, and morbidity (P less than 0-001), between past vulvovaginitis and present morbidity (P less than 0-01), and between cervicitis and the presence of pus cells in the smear (P less than 0-001). The results indicate that microbiological investigations should be requested when there is past history of vulvovaginitis, and that lesions of the cervix, if not already noted, should be suspected if pus cells are demonstrable in stained smears. (+info)Reiter's disease in a female, presenting as erythema nodosum. (2/13)
The case history of a female who presented with erythema nodosum is described, and the diagnosis of Reiter's disease is proposed. Reference is made to literature on Reiter's disease in the female and to sacroiliac joint abnormalities which have been observed in this condition. (+info)Isolation of Chlamydia from women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted disease. (3/13)
Cervical swabs for Chlamydia culture were collected from 638 unselected women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic with a fresh complaint. Chlamydia were isolated from 76 (12 per cent.) of the women. When the results were related to the patients' diagnoses, Chlamydia were present in 44 per cent. of women with gonorrhoea and in 22 per cent. of women who were contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis (women who may be regarded as having non-specific genital infection). Chlamydia were uncommon in women with no evidence of genital infection. Significant correlations were found between the presence of Chlamydia and cervical erosion, cervical cytological inflammatory change, and absence of symptoms. Isolates were obtained more frequently from women with non-specific genital infection who were primary contacts than from women who were secondary contacts. These findings support the concept that Chlamydia are pathogens in the genital tract and are sexually transmitted. (+info)Role of socio-economic factors and cytology in cervical erosion in reproductive age group women. (4/13)
A cross-sectional study involving 357 females in the reproductive age group (15-44) was conducted in an urban community of Nagpur with the objective of studying the role of socio-economic factors & cytology in cervical erosion. Cervical erosion was detected in 82 (22.96%) females. Out of these mild dysplasia was seen in 9.75% females & moderate dysplasia in 2.43% females. High percentages of inflammatory smears i.e. (75.68%) were obtained in women with cervical erosion. Cervical erosion was more common in illiterate & women with low literacy status as compared to women with higher education. Majority of cases of cervical erosion (75.6%) were detected in women with high parity. A statistically significant association was found between lower socio-economic status, early age at marriage & ocurrence of cervical erosion (p<0.001 & p<0.01 respectively). The study concludes that socio-economic factors such as illiteracy and low literacy status, lower socio-economic status, early age at marriage and high parity are contributory for the occurrence of cervical erosion and regular cytological screening by Pap smear will help in early detection of carcinoma cervix and thereby reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by the same. (+info)Effect of local infection and oral contraception on immunoglobulin levels in cervical mucus. (5/13)
The concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were estimated in cervical mucus from 115 patients attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. The patients were divided into two groups; those using combined estrogen/progestogen oral contraceptives, and those with presumed normal ovulatory cycles. Gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, candidosis, and herpes genitalis were diagnosed by conventional smear and culture techniques, and the two groups were subdivided according to these diagnoses. Gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, herpetic, and nonspecific cervicitis all caused marked increases in the mean concentrations when compared with a control group of uninfected patients with natural cycles (P = less than 0.01). Patients with candidosis and contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis showed a lesser rise. IgG/IgA ratios lower than that of serum suggested a considerable locally produced contribution of IgA. Oral contraception with the combined pill also caused a significant increase in mean IgA and IgG levels even in the absence of local infection (P = less than 0.01). an increase in the IgG/IgA ratio of this group may indicate that the hormonal effect was manifest through increased serum transudation. IgM was also detected more commonly in patients taking the pill. The marked effect of local disease on immunoglobulin levels in cervical mucus which occurs even in asymptomatic patients emphasizes the importance of screening for infection when studying these secretions. (+info)Evidence for benefits from treating cervical ectopy: literature review. (6/13)
(+info)Gynaecological abnormalities found at a cytology clinic. (7/13)
A survey was made of abnormalities found on pelvic examination of 2,656 women who attended for cervical smears in the three years 1967-9. Eight women had malignant cells in their smears, and 68 women pelvic tumours, four of them malignant. Severe vulvitis was common in women over 46. Many of the women who had non-malignant conditions were treated though they had no complaints. They were among the most appreciative and subsequently sought out the clinic staff to thank them. It is important that a full examination should be made by an experienced gynaecologist. (+info)Cryosurgery for benign cervical lesions. (8/13)
Fifty patients with cervical erosions causing symptoms were treated with cryosurgery. Healing was complete in 41 (91%) out of 45 patients who were seen six weeks later, and in 21 patients who were followed up in greater detail the rate of symptomatic relief was high. All the patients who were treated without anaesthesia found the procedure acceptable. Only one patient noted post-operative bleeding, and this was minimal. (+info)Uterine cervical erosion, also known as ectropion or cervical ectopy, is not typically considered a disease or a medical condition but rather a normal variant in the appearance of the cervix. It occurs when the cells that normally line the inside of the cervical canal (glandular cells) extend out onto the surface of the exocervix, which is the portion of the cervix that is visible during a routine pelvic examination.
This extension of glandular cells can appear as a red, smooth, and shiny area on the cervix, and it may be more prone to bleeding or discomfort during intercourse or menstruation. Cervical erosion can be caused by various factors, including hormonal changes, inflammation, or irritation of the cervix.
While cervical erosion is not typically harmful, it can increase the risk of certain infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Therefore, it is essential to monitor and treat any underlying conditions that may contribute to cervical erosion. In some cases, cervical erosion may resolve on its own without treatment, but if it causes discomfort or bleeding, treatment options such as cryotherapy, laser therapy, or cauterization may be recommended.
Leukorrhea is a medical term that refers to a white or yellowish-white discharge from the vagina. It's composed of cells shed from the lining of the vagina, fluid, and bacteria. While it can be normal and occur throughout a woman's reproductive years due to hormonal changes, it can also indicate an infection or inflammation, particularly when it's accompanied by symptoms like itching, burning, foul odor, or pain. Common causes of abnormal leukorrhea include bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections, and sexually transmitted infections.
Postcoital bleeding
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DeCS 2006 - Changed terms
DeCS 2006 - Changed terms
DeCS 2006 - Changed terms
Cervicitis4
- pregnancy endometrial polyps endometrial hyperplasia endometrial carcinoma leiomyomata cervicitis cervical dysplasia endometriosis coagulation defects trauma Bleeding from hemorrhoids and vulvar lesions can be mistaken for postcoital bleeding. (wikipedia.org)
- Cervical cylindrical epithelium is usually physiological and does not require any treatment.However, cervicitis with symptoms such as abnormal leucorrhea and sexual life bleeding can be treated with drugs such as Azithromycin and tetracycline. (healthofeden.com)
- 1. Non surgical treatment: Take appropriate rest, reduce sexual activity, and thoroughly treat cervicitis, vulva, vaginal, and urethral glandular inflammation, especially cervical erosion, which can lead to repeated infection of the appendix and the possibility of acute attacks. (funtoy.com)
- Effective Against The Following Diseases: Bacterial Vaginosis, Vaginal Inflammation Caused By Trichomonas, Mixed Types Of Pathogens, Gonococcal Infection, Cervicitis, Cervical Erosion And Other Various Infections. (ebaytelemall.com)
Cervix11
- HPV-16 (50%) and HPV 18 (10%) are more frequent among all, therefore women with confirmed genital HPV lesions of the cervix (cervical erosion, dysplasia, leukoplakia, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) have to consult annually the gynecologist having a colposcopy, cytological examination of cervical smears, virological and immunological examination. (allokin.ru)
- An important step in the prevention of cervical erosion and malignant neoplasm of the cervix is early diagnosis and effective treatment of cervical lesions with human papillomavirus. (allokin.ru)
- It is a red zone with a single layer of cervical pipes on the outer mouth of the cervix and a fine granular shape. (healthofeden.com)
- Leucorrhoea during the childbearing age after the birth of the first child usually occurs due to cervical erosion or chronic infective inflammation of the cervix and vagina, use of contraceptives, excessive vaginal medication, or use of tampons. (intenseclue.com)
- Cervical erosion is when the cells from inside your cervical canal, or glandular cells, are present on the outer surface of your cervix. (periodprohelp.com)
- Undue elongation of the cervix, uterine size, position and mobility, presence of unilateral or bilateral adjoining abnormal masses. (aarogya.com)
- Incompetent UTERINE CERVIX is usually diagnosed in the second trimester of PREGNANCY. (jefferson.edu)
- Dharan VB, Ludmir J. Alternative treatment for a short cervix: the cervical pessary. (jefferson.edu)
- Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX. (ouhsc.edu)
- Serious inflammatory processes in the cervix, its shortening, polyps, extensive erosion - all these interfere with conception and significantly reduce the chances of a successful pregnancy. (sildenafilviagra.com)
- tial screening tests in a cervical cancer screen- high-risk HPV infection of the uterine cervix? (who.int)
Polyps3
- The presence of cervical polyps may result in postcoital bleeding during pregnancy because the tissue of the polyps is more easily damaged. (wikipedia.org)
- Vaginal bleeding after sex is a symptom that can indicate: pelvic inflammatory disease pelvic organ prolapse uterine disease chlamydia or other sexually transmitted infection atrophic vaginitis childbirth inadequate vaginal lubrication benign polyps cervical erosion (inflammation of the cervix) cervical or vaginal cancer anatomical abnormality of the uterus, vagina or both. (wikipedia.org)
- Conditions like cervical erosion, vaginitis, or uterine polyps can be associated with leucorrhea. (homeoclinicniveena.com)
Vaginitis1
- Benign causes of postcoital bleeding were associated with cervical erosion, ectropion, vaginitis and vulvovaginitis. (wikipedia.org)
Uterus9
- Chronic inflammatory conditions of the uterus and uterine annexes. (sanatory-mashuk.ru)
- 3. People with ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, and other uterus diseases. (ginaxstore.com)
- It is mostly related to uterine atony (loss of tone of the uterus tone), however, but blood coagulation disorders may rarely occur. (epainassist.com)
- The Use Of Bactericidal Gel For Intimate Hygiene Of Green World Helps Cleanse The Uterus And Vagina From Old Dead Cells And Blood Clots, Cleanses The Uterine Lining And Removes Harmful Substances, Eliminates The Source Of Fungal Infections, Completely Cleans And Protects The Entire Sexual System Of A Woman. (ebaytelemall.com)
- It prevents pregnancy by stopping ovulation, thickens cervical mucosa to prevent sperms from moving into the uterus and thins the uterine lining to avoid implantation of a fertilized egg. (fathimahospitals.com)
- Among healthy women, 1 in 5 have a retroverted uterus either as a normal variant of uterine position or as an acquired condition. (medscape.com)
- Fixation of the uterus by adhesions is a risk factor for the rare pregnancy complications of uterine torsion, incarceration, or sacculation. (medscape.com)
- This is an aneurysmal-like dilatation of the most superior portion of the uterine wall that permits the uterus to enlarge with the consequence of major anatomic distortion. (medscape.com)
- When the uterine contour is distorted by a müllerian anomaly or a strategically placed leiomyoma, or an inflammatory process has occurred in the past (eg, endometriosis or salpingitis with pelvic adhesions), the uterus may become fixed in retroversion/retroflexion and lose its normal mobility. (medscape.com)
Cavity5
- An optical apparatus that is ultra-thin in size is used for the examination and treatment of the uterine cavity. (royalclinicdubai.com)
- 1) Antibiotic treatment should be applied locally, and the lateral foramen can be closed or injected into the uterine cavity. (funtoy.com)
- You can also add dexamethasone and prednisolone to the intrauterine and fallopian tube injection of antibiotics: the operation is the same as the method of tubal infusion, or a double lumen rubber catheter can be inserted into the uterine cavity, and the injection amount gradually increases according to the size of the uterine cavity and the degree of blockage of the fallopian tube. (funtoy.com)
- Incomplete abortions are usually treated with uterine evacuation (Dilation and Curettage or D&C). Intrauterine death of the fetus without passage of tissues (i.e. fetus still lying in the uterine cavity) is called missed abortion. (med-health.net)
- The embryo develops several days in an incubator, after which it is transferred to the uterine cavity. (sildenafilviagra.com)
Dysplasia and cervical cancer2
- Those with postcoital bleeding had a higher risk of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer. (wikipedia.org)
- A malignancy erosive process is possible at further progress of the disease (or the source of infection, which visually may not manifest as an erosion), and therefore the development of dysplasia and cervical cancer. (allokin.ru)
Fibroids3
- Patients who are bearing the consequences of endometriosis, cervical erosion, uterine fibroids, urinary incontinence, infertility, and any other disease within the reproductive system are categorized as ideal candidates to visit a gynecologist. (royalclinicdubai.com)
- Povisa in the hospital I had the surgery over uterine fibroids. (doclandmed.com)
- An increase in prolactin is typical for pregnant women, but if this does not occur during pregnancy, it leads to overweight, irregularities in the menstrual cycle, and may indicate unpleasant diseases such as polycystic (scleropolicystosis) ovaries, uterine fibroids. (beautysummary.com)
Pregnancy6
- Intermittent myometrial contractions and changes in uterine shape and position are normal during pregnancy . (medscape.com)
- Uterine retroversion and incarceration progressing to sacculation as pregnancy advances. (medscape.com)
- When uterine retroversion with incarceration develops for any reason during pregnancy, acute symptoms and serious complications are possible, and initial misdiagnosis is frequent. (medscape.com)
- Based on compiled clinical reports and the author's experience, the diagnosis and management of the principal types of both benign and pathologic uterine malpositionings that occur during pregnancy are described in this review. (medscape.com)
- During early pregnancy, uterine retroversion is a normal positional variant. (medscape.com)
- Ensure an intra-uterine pregnancy. (bio-force.ie)
Gynecological4
- Laser coagulation using the latest laser equipment, a surgical diode laser, is a highly accurate and effective method of treating cervical erosion, dysplasia and other gynecological pathologies. (zdravo.life)
- Gynecological cervical erosion blanching surgery? (manyhealthissue.com)
- Gynecological examination includes -adequacy of hymeneal opening, any vaginal infections, cervical tear or chronic infection. (aarogya.com)
- The Gel Effectively Eliminates Inflammation, Erosion, Vaginal Itching, Unpleasant Smell, Increased Yellow-white Discharge And Other Gynecological Diseases. (ebaytelemall.com)
Infertility1
- If the degree of adhesion is serious, even if the fimbriae of uterine tube end is subjected to salpingostomy, the problem of infertility cannot be solved. (funtoy.com)
Development of cervical1
- The lack of treatment or incorrect treatment of patients with human papillomavirus infection leads to the development of cervical erosion. (allokin.ru)
Viability of uterine cells1
- Yoni pearls can be used to tighten and nourish the vagina, regulate qi and blood, promote beauty, prevent gynecopathy, increase the viability of uterine cells, and improve v aginal elasticity. (ginaxstore.com)
Vulva1
- The cylindrical epithelium in the cervical pipe moves to the cervical vulva. (healthofeden.com)
Endometriosis1
- The resort to surgery for the correction of chronic uterine retroversion in the absence of distinct pathologic process (eg, endometriosis , other inflammatory condition) has fallen into appropriate disrepute. (medscape.com)
Prolapse3
- Post-menopausal leucorrhoea is mainly the result of genital tract growth, uterine prolapse, or senile changes in the vagina. (intenseclue.com)
- Uncommonly, obstetric complications result from acute or chronic changes in uterine shape or position prior to labor (retroversion or incarceration, prolapse, torsion, herniation or sacculation), during labor (pathologic retractions rings), or postpartum (acute or chronic inversion). (medscape.com)
- Observational studies have shown a possible association of uterine prolapse with uterine retroversion. (medscape.com)
Abnormal2
- What is the likely cause of my abnormal uterine bleeding? (periodprohelp.com)
- Examination may reveal abnormal cervical discharge. (aarogya.com)
Abnormalities1
- Vaginal and cervical abnormalities after exposure to stilbestrol in utero. (uchicago.edu)
Coagulation1
- Cervical coagulation is by far the most effective and reliable method of combating uterine erosion. (zdravo.life)
Leukoplakia1
- The frequency of cervical papillomavirus lesions (cervical erosion, dysplasia, cervical leukoplakia) is much more higher in sexually active women younger than 25 years. (allokin.ru)
Myoma1
- Revealed a uterine myoma, then was operated in the best Moscow clinics. (doclandmed.com)
Chronic1
- Most uncommonly, cases of chronic uterine retroversion/incarceration develop uterine sacculation. (medscape.com)
Intraepithelial3
- What are the types of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)? (oscestop.education)
- Cochrane Database Syst Rev. al cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (who.int)
- . PMID:7366912 tions of atypical squamous cel s of undeter- high-grade cervical intraepithelial neopla- mined significance. (who.int)
Epithelium4
- According to the WHO the Human Papillomavirus is the main cause for the progress of cervical erosive lesions , and also dysplasia and malignancies of cervical epithelium . (allokin.ru)
- Cervical erosion is a formal saying that the cervical cylindrical epithelium is different. (healthofeden.com)
- The cervical cylindrical epithelium is due to estrogen. (healthofeden.com)
- Due to the thin columnar epithelium, the lower part of the lower part of the naked eye is red, and it changes the appearance of erosion. (healthofeden.com)
Cancers1
- Cervical Precancers and Cancers Attributed to HPV Types by Race and Ethnicity: Implications for Vaccination, Screening, and Management. (ouhsc.edu)
Endometrium2
- Often women spend the operation scraping of the uterine lining - the endometrium. (netlify.app)
- This figure shows the idealized cyclic changes in pituitary gonadotropins, estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and uterine endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle. (msdmanuals.com)
Infections2
- More than 70% of cervical cancer cases have associated with HPV of 16 and 18 types (A guide for doctors 'Application of Allokin-alpha in the treatment of viral infections' F. I. Ershov, V. A. Isakov, G. P. Becker, M. Y. Serebryakov, T. V. Sologub, N. B. Serebryanaya, M. S. Tischenko, S. I. Chernysh 2008, p. 77) . (allokin.ru)
- Last time about 20 types of HPV are attributed with cancer of the cervical canal (95%) (A guide for doctors 'Application of Allokin-alpha in the treatment of viral infections' F. I. Ershov, V. A. Isakov, G. P. Becker, M. Y. Serebryakov, T. V. Sologub, N. B. Serebryanaya, M. S. Tischenko, S. I. Chernysh 2008, p. 78) . (allokin.ru)
Mucus1
- Alteration in the properties of the cervical mucus occurs due to the effect of estrogen and progesterone. (aarogya.com)
Lesions2
Lymph2
- Symptom 1: enlargement of cervical lymph nodes. (manyhealthissue.com)
- Association of Sialyl Tn antigen with cervical cancer lymph node status: An NRG oncology/GOG study. (ouhsc.edu)
Glandular1
- This is easily found if you get a cervical screening test, also known as a smear test, the area appears red, because glandular cells are red. (periodprohelp.com)
Smear1
- Who gets invited for cervical smear screening? (oscestop.education)
Bleeding1
- Postcoital bleeding can be one of the first indications of cervical cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Hormonal1
- You can be born with cervical erosion or develop it through hormonal changes. (periodprohelp.com)
Obesity1
- Does obesity influence the preferred treatment approach for early-stage cervical cancer? (ouhsc.edu)
Physiological1
- The naked eye looks like erosion.In fact, it is not true erosion and usually belongs to physiological, and usually has no other discomfort. (healthofeden.com)