Application of electron spin resonance for evaluation of the level of free radicals in the myometrium in full-term pregnancy with normal labour and uterine inertia. (1/20)

In order to identify and quantify free radicals in the tissues of patients with normal physiological and pathological states of births, we developed a method to evaluate the amount of free radicals in myometrium of subplacental area and from body of uterus, using electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Analysis of the concentration of free radicals in the myometrium in full-term pregnancy with normal labour and during uterine inertia was studied. The activities of Ca2+-ATPase, cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase in samples of these tissues were tested too. Low free radical concentrations in these tissues were associated with disturbances in contractile activity of myometrium along with reduction of Ca2+-ATPase, cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. There proved to be an association between the level of free radicals in the tissues and alteration in the physiological processes.  (+info)

Uterine artery blood flow velocity waveforms during uterine contractions. (2/20)

OBJECTIVE: No quantitative or qualitative Doppler velocimetry classification of vascular flow resistance covering all stages of forward and reversed flows exists. The objective of this study was to characterize uterine artery (UtA) flow velocity waveforms (FVWs) obtained during an oxytocin challenge test (OCT) and compare them to FVWs in spontaneous normal labor. METHODS: Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry was performed during and between uterine contractions in 61 high-risk pregnancies subjected to an OCT and in 20 normal pregnancies undergoing spontaneous labor. FVWs were classified relative to the presence of forward/absent/reversed flow during systole and diastole, and the time-averaged flow velocity over the heart cycle. RESULTS: Eleven different FVW classes were identified. No relationship between FVWs recorded during uterine inertia and contractions was found (P >/= 0.2). In both groups, only forward FVWs were recorded between contractions, whereas during contractions flow reversal was more common in the OCT group (P +info)

A survey of dystocia in the Boxer breed. (3/20)

BACKGROUND: Dystocia occurs more commonly in some breeds of dogs than others. The Boxer breed is one of the highrisk breeds for whelping problems. The aim of this study was to document some reproductive parameters and the frequency of dystocia in Boxers. METHODS: Two questionnaires were sent to the breeders of Boxers in Sweden during 1994 to 1997. Data from 253 whelpings and 1671 pups was received, which constitutes 56.5% of all Boxer litters registered with the Swedish Kennel Club during these years. Data was analysed using Chi-square test, and Fischer's exact test. RESULTS: Dystocia occurred in 32% of the individual bitches, and in 27.7% of all the whelpings. Caesarian section was performed in 22.8% of all the whelpings and in 80.1% of the cases of dystocia. Medical treatment was tried in 20 cases but was successful only in 5 (25%). The dystocia was of maternal origin in 68.6% and of fetal origin in 28.6% of cases. The most common reasons for dystocia were primary uterine inertia (60%) and malpresentation of the fetus (26%). Dystocia increased with increasing age of the bitch from four years of age. Average litter size was 6.6 (+/- 2.2) pups born, and 5.0 (+/- 2.1) pups registered. Pup mortality was 24%. Stillbirths accounted for 6.1% of the pup deaths and 1% died in the neonatal period, while 15.6% of the pups were euthanised, the majority because they had disqualifying white coat colour. Cryptorchidism was observed in 9.8% of the male pups born and in 13.4% of the male pups that were registered. CONCLUSION: The Boxer suffers a high frequency of dystocia, mainly due to uterine inertia, but also fetal malpresentation. Breeders should be advised to include easy whelpings in their breeding program.  (+info)

Efficacy of selective arterial embolisation for the treatment of life-threatening post-partum haemorrhage in a large population. (4/20)

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Factors associated with peripartum hysterectomy. (5/20)

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The frequency and complication rates of hysterectomy accompanying cesarean delivery. (6/20)

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B-Lynch suture for the treatment of uterine atony. (7/20)

INTRODUCTION: Over 125,000 women die of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) each year, with the commonest cause being uterine atony (75-90 percent). Failing conservative management, hysterectomy is usually the final resort. In 1997, Christopher B-Lynch devised an innovative technique to treat uterine atony, and it has been widely used around the world since its original report. However, there are hardly any reports of this technique being utilised in East Asian countries, including Singapore. Our study reviews the cases in which the B-Lynch suture was used to treat uterine atony, and the clinical outcomes of these cases. METHODS: A retrospective study of data of all women who delivered between May 2004 and June 2007 was collected from the department's database, to identify patients who had undergone the B-Lynch procedure. Primary PPH is defined as a blood loss of more than 500 ml at or within 24 hours of delivery. RESULTS: There were a total of 5,470 deliveries during this period, with primary PPH occurring in 100 cases. The B-Lynch procedure was performed in seven women, avoiding the need for a hysterectomy in five cases. CONCLUSION: Our series of cases treated with the B-Lynch procedure showed that it is an effective method of containing PPH. It has the advantage of being applied easily and rapidly, and should be taught to all trainees and registrars in obstetrics. It should be attempted when conservative management of PPH fails and before any radical surgery is considered.  (+info)

Assessment of partogram use during labour in Rujumbura Health Sub District, Rukungiri District, Uganda. (8/20)

BACKGROUND: A partogram is a universal tool for monitoring labour. It is used for labour management in Rujumbura HSD, Rukungiri District. However, the District Health Officer reported only 30% use of a partogram. The study intended to find out why the low use, and suggest strategies in scaling up. OBJECTIVES: To establish extent of use of a partogram, health facility and health workers' factors that affected its use during labour plus the relationship between foetal Apgar score and its use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving observations, record reviews and interviewing of staff in 8 health facilities (4 Public and 4 Private Not For Profit) in Rujumbura HSD in Rukungiri district was conducted from May 23(rd) to 27(th) June 2008. It employed both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. RESULTS: The partogram was used in 69.9% of deliveries. The partographs that fulfilled the standard monitoring of foetal heart rate were only 2%. There were few trained health workers and lack of guidelines on partogram use. A good Apgar score was associated with standard foetal monitoring and was statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: There was poor use of partograms during labour mainly affected by health input factors. We recommended training of health workers on partogram use, provision of guidelines and adequate resources.  (+info)

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