Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus
Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus
Vulvodynia
Lichens
Lichen Planus
Clobetasol
Vulva
Phimosis
Scleroderma, Localized
Lichen Planus, Oral
A clinico-pathological study of vulval dermatoses. (1/15)
A long-term review of 108 women suffering from various forms of vulval dermatosis is described and a detailed analysis of those with chronic hypertrophic vulvitis, lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, and neurodermatitis is made. One case of neurodermatitis and two cases of lichen sclerosus progressed to carcinoma but no case of chronic hypertrophic vulvitis became malignant. It is possible that vulval dermatoses occur more commonly in the nulliparous than in the parous women and there is a slight preponderance of women who are blood group A. It is suggested that the term "leukoplakia" should be abandoned and that vulval lesions should be described in precise and meaningful histological terms. (+info)Mucinous metaplasia of the vulva in a case of lichen sclerosus. A case report. (2/15)
Mucinous metaplasia of the genital area is a rare condition characterised by the emergence of mucin containing cells in stratified squamous epithelium. This report describes a unique case of benign mucinous metaplasia of the vulva associated with lichen sclerosus in a 60 year old woman. Histopathology revealed cervical type metaplasia with otherwise typical lichen sclerosus. This report discusses the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of mucinous epithelium. (+info)The association between HLA DR, DQ antigens, and vulval lichen sclerosus in the UK: HLA DRB112 and its associated DRB112/DQB10301/04/09/010 haplotype confers susceptibility to vulval lichen sclerosus, and HLA DRB10301/04 and its associated DRB10301/04/DQB10201/02/03 haplotype protects from vulval lichen sclerosus. (3/15)
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is considered to have an immunogenetic background. Several small studies, using serological typing, have reported that HLA-DR11, DR12, and DQ7 were increased in LS, with DR17 less frequent. This study aimed to validate and detect new HLA-DR and DQ associations with LS in females and its characteristic clinical parameters. The cases, 187 female LS patients, and 354 healthy controls were all UK North Europeans. PCR-sequence specific primers method was applied to genotype the HLA-DR, DQ polymorphisms that correspond to 17 serologically defined DR and seven DQ antigens. Statistical analysis was performed with two-tailed Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni adjustment (p value after Bonferrroni adjustment, Pc). We found increased frequency of DRB1*12 (DR12) (11.2%vs 2.5%, pc < 0.01) and the haplotype DRB1*12/DQB1*0301/04/09/010 (11.2%vs 2.5%, p < 0.001, pc < 0.05), and a lower frequency of DRB1*0301/04 (DR17) (11.8%vs 25.8%, pc < 0.01) and the haplotype DRB1*03/DQB1*02DRB1*0301/DQB1*0201/02/03 (11.2%vs 24.6%, pc < 0.0001) in patients compared with controls. HLA DR and DQ antigens were not associated with time of onset of disease, site of involvement, structural changes of genitals, and response to treatment with potent topical steroids. In conclusion, HLA-DR and DQ antigens or their haplotypes appear to be involved in both susceptibility to and protection from LS. (+info)In the absence of (early) invasive carcinoma, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia associated with lichen sclerosus is mainly of undifferentiated type: new insights in histology and aetiology. (4/15)
BACKGROUND: Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is presumed to be the precursor of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vulva. It is commonly assumed that differentiated VIN is related to lichen sclerosus (LS). However, evidence for this is limited to a small number of studies describing epithelial alterations adjacent to vulvar SCC. AIM: To study the histology and human papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with a history of both LS and VIN without coexistent SCC. METHODS: Original biopsy specimens and surgical specimens of patients retrieved from the pathology files were revised for the presence of LS, VIN and (early) invasive SCC, specifically focused on the two different types of VIN: differentiated and undifferentiated. Thereafter, VIN lesions were tested for the presence of HPV DNA. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients fulfilled the criteria for LS and VIN without SCC. In all 27 patients, LS was found to be related to undifferentiated VIN. Grading yielded the following results: VIN 1 (n=10), VIN 2 (n=11) and VIN 3 (n=6). Additionally, VIN lesions from 26 patients could be tested for the presence of HPV DNA. HPV DNA, predominantly type 16, was present in 8 (31%) of them. Seven of these eight patients had VIN 2 or 3. During follow-up, three patients progressed to (early) invasive carcinoma. In two of these patients, differentiated VIN was observed overlying early invasive SCC. CONCLUSIONS: VIN related to LS without coexisting SCC is likely to be undifferentiated, in contrast to what was previously thought. HPV DNA was demonstrated in 31% of the lesions, and was strongly related to high-grade VIN. (+info)Unexpectedly high frequency of genital involvement in women with clinical and histological features of oral lichen planus. (5/15)
The main aims of this cross-sectional study were: (i) to assess the frequency of genital (vulval) lichen planus (VLP) and vulval lichen sclerosus (VLS) in women affected with oral lichen planus (OLP), regardless of the genital symptoms reported; and (ii) to verify whether any demographic, clinical, or histological features of OLP are associated with a higher risk of vulvo-vaginal involvement. Fifty-five women, presenting OLP, consecutively underwent gynaecological examination and, if they demonstrated positive clinical signs of VLP, underwent biopsy. After a drop-out of 14 subjects, 31/41 (75.6%) were found to have signs of genital involvement, of which 13/31 (44.0%) were asymptomatic. Following genital biopsy, 27/31 (87.1%) had histologically confirmed VLP or VLS. Following both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, no significant association was found between gynaecological concomitance and demographic, clinical, histological features of OLP. This unpredictably common genital involvement in females with OLP emphasizes the importance of routinely performing both oral and gynaecological examinations, to facilitate an early and correct therapeutic approach. (+info)Vulvar lichen sclerosus: 11 women treated with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment. (6/15)
Lichen sclerosus is a chronic relapsing disease, usually treated with ultra-potent corticosteroids. As immunological alterations are considered important aetiopathogenetic factors in lichen sclerosus, the new immunomodulating topical agents, such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, have been employed sporadically as alternative therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in lichen sclerosus in 11 patients unresponsive or poorly responsive to previous treatments. Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment was applied twice daily for 6 weeks, then tapered over a further 6 weeks. Symptoms and objective parameters were evaluated and quantified at the start, after 6 weeks, at the end of the topical treatment, and at follow-up visits. Improvement or remission of symptoms was observed in the patients who completed the study, while objective parameters were poorly influenced and often were not related to symptom behaviour. Topical tacrolimus can be considered an alternative treatment for lichen sclerosus. (+info)Single base instability is promoted in vulvar lichen sclerosus. (7/15)
Single base substitution mutations in codons 248 and 273 of TP53 and codon 12 Kirsten-ras (KRAS) are commonly found in human carcinomas. To determine whether these mutations also occur in normal and inflamed tissues from which carcinomas arise, we utilized the ultra-sensitive polymerase chain reaction/restriction endonuclease/ligase chain reaction mutation assay. Ninety samples of genital skin, including lichen sclerosus (LS) affected skin, adjacent normal and non-adjacent normal, were assayed. Mutations were detected in 103 of 349 assays and consisted of KRAS G34A, G34T, G35A, and TP53 C742T, G818C, C817T, and G818A mutations. Mutant prevalence varied from 1 to 20 per 10(6) wild-type cells. Mutations occurred significantly more frequently in LS (78/224 (35%)) than adjacent normal (20/88 (23%)) and non-adjacent normal genital skin (5/38 (13%)). KRAS G34A mutation was relatively common to all classes of specimen, whereas TP53 gene C742T and G818C mutations were significantly more frequent in LS than normal genital skin. In matched samples, immunohistochemistry evaluation of p53 protein expression revealed the presence of epidermal p53 clones in LS whose presence and number significantly correlated with the presence of TP53 C742T and G818C mutations. Based on these results, it appears oncogenic point mutations occur in normal genital skin, and are selected for in LS. (+info)Non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva. (8/15)
Lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, and lichen simplex chronicus are three of the most common non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva. Lichen sclerosus is characterized by intense vulvar itching and can affect men and women of all ages, but it manifests most commonly in postmenopausal women. Patients with lichen sclerosus have an increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma, and they should be monitored for malignancy. Lichen planus is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder that can affect the vulva and the vagina; it peaks in incidence between ages 30 and 60. There are three clinical variants of lichen planus affecting the vulva: erosive, papulosquamous, and hypertrophic. Lichen simplex chronicus is caused by persistent itching and scratching of the vulvar skin, which results in a thickened, leathery appearance. It is thought to be an atopic disorder in many cases and may arise in normal skin as a result of psychological stress or environmental factors. Definitive diagnosis of non-neoplastic disorders depends on the histology of biopsied tissue. All three disorders are treated with topical corticosteroid ointments of varying potency. Lichen sclerosus and lichen planus are not routinely treated with surgery, which is necessary only in patients who have a malignancy or advanced scarring that causes dyspareunia or clitoral phimosis. Educational counseling teaches patients that even though these chronic disorders cannot be cured, they can be effectively managed. (+info)Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects the genital skin, particularly the vulva in women. It is characterized by thin, white, crinkly skin that can be patchy or involve the entire vulvar area. The skin may become fragile and tear easily, leading to pain, itching (pruritus), discomfort, and soreness. In some cases, VLS can cause scarring and narrowing of the vaginal opening, which can make sexual intercourse painful.
The exact cause of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus is not known, but it may be associated with hormonal imbalances, genetics, or an autoimmune response. While there is no cure for VLS, various treatments can help manage the symptoms and prevent complications. Topical corticosteroids are often used to reduce inflammation and relieve itching. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are essential to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary.
Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus (LSEA) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can affect both males and females, but it's most commonly found in women after menopause. It can occur at any age, including children. The condition typically affects the genital and anal areas, though it can appear elsewhere on the body as well.
The medical definition of Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus is:
A skin disorder characterized by white patches (plaques) that can be smooth or wrinkled, thickened, and easily bruised. These patches may merge to form larger areas of affected skin. The condition can cause itching, burning, pain, and blistering. In women, the vulva is often affected, and sexual intercourse may become painful. In men, it can affect the foreskin and glans penis, leading to difficulty urinating or having sex.
The exact cause of Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus remains unknown, but it's believed that hormonal imbalances, genetics, and an overactive immune system may play a role in its development. Treatment usually involves topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. In some cases, other medications or phototherapy might be recommended. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition that affects the vulva, which is the external female genital area. The main symptom is persistent, often burning or irritating pain without an identifiable cause. Some women may experience pain only when the area is touched (provoked vulvodynia), while others have constant pain (unprovoked vulvodynia).
The pain can significantly affect a woman's quality of life, making everyday activities like sitting, wearing tight clothes, or having sex uncomfortable or even unbearable. The exact cause of vulvodynia is not known, but it may be associated with nerve damage or irritation, hormonal changes, muscle spasms, allergies, or past genital infections. Treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach and can include medication, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and counseling.
Lichens are not a medical term, but I can provide a biological definition for you. Lichens are unique symbiotic organisms that result from the mutualistic relationship between fungi (usually Ascomycetes) and photosynthetic partners, such as algae or cyanobacteria. The fungal partner provides protection and anchorage, while the photosynthetic partner supplies carbohydrates through photosynthesis. Lichens are widely distributed and can be found growing on various substrates, including rocks, trees, and soil. They play essential ecological roles, such as soil stabilization, atmospheric nitrogen fixation, and biomonitoring of air pollution.
Vulvar diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the vulva, which is the external female genital area including the mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, and the vaginal opening. These conditions can cause various symptoms such as itching, burning, pain, soreness, irritation, or abnormal growths or lesions. Some common vulvar diseases include:
1. Vulvitis: inflammation of the vulva that can be caused by infection, allergies, or irritants.
2. Lichen sclerosus: a chronic skin condition that causes thin, white patches on the vulva.
3. Lichen planus: an inflammatory condition that affects the skin and mucous membranes, including the vulva.
4. Vulvar cancer: a rare type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the vulva.
5. Genital warts: caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, these are small growths or bumps on the vulva.
6. Pudendal neuralgia: a nerve condition that causes pain in the vulvar area.
7. Vestibulodynia: pain or discomfort in the vestibule, the area surrounding the vaginal opening.
It is important to consult a healthcare professional if experiencing any symptoms related to vulvar diseases for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Lichen Planus is a chronic, autoimmune skin condition that can also affect the mucous membranes inside the mouth, genitals, and eyes. It is characterized by the appearance of purplish, flat-topped bumps or lesions on the skin, which may be itchy. The exact cause of Lichen Planus is unknown, but it is believed to occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks cells in the skin or mucous membranes. Certain medications, viral infections, and genetic factors may increase the risk of developing this condition. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and may include topical corticosteroids, oral medications, or light therapy.
Vulvar neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the vulvar region, which is the exterior female genital area including the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and the vaginal vestibule. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Benign vulvar neoplasms may include conditions such as vulvar cysts, fibromas, lipomas, or condylomas (genital warts). They are typically slow-growing and less likely to spread or invade surrounding tissues.
Malignant vulvar neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancers that can invade nearby tissues and potentially metastasize (spread) to distant parts of the body. The most common types of malignant vulvar neoplasms are squamous cell carcinoma, vulvar melanoma, and adenocarcinoma.
Early detection and treatment of vulvar neoplasms are essential for improving prognosis and reducing the risk of complications or recurrence. Regular gynecological examinations, self-examinations, and prompt attention to any unusual symptoms or changes in the vulvar area can help ensure timely diagnosis and management.
Clobetasol is a topical corticosteroid medication that is used to reduce inflammation and relieve itching, redness, and swelling associated with various skin conditions. It works by suppressing the immune system's response to reduce inflammation. Clobetasol is available in several forms, including creams, ointments, emulsions, and foams, and is usually applied to the affected area once or twice a day.
It is important to use clobetasol only as directed by a healthcare provider, as prolonged or excessive use can lead to thinning of the skin, increased susceptibility to infections, and other side effects. Additionally, it should not be used on large areas of the body or for extended periods without medical supervision.
The vulva refers to the external female genital area. It includes the mons pubis (the pad of fatty tissue covered with skin and hair that's located on the front part of the pelvis), labia majora (the outer folds of skin that surround and protect the vaginal opening), labia minora (the inner folds of skin that surround the vaginal and urethral openings), clitoris (a small, sensitive organ located at the front of the vulva where the labia minora join), the external openings of the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body) and vagina (the passageway leading to the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus).
It's important to note that understanding the anatomy and terminology related to one's own body can help facilitate effective communication with healthcare providers, promote self-awareness, and support overall health and well-being.
Phimosis is a medical condition where the foreskin of the penis, which is the retractable sheath of skin that covers the head or glans of the penis, cannot be pulled back (retracted) over the glans. This condition is normal in uncircumcised infant boys and toddlers, but most boys can retract their foreskins by the time they reach puberty.
In some cases, phimosis may cause no symptoms or problems, while in others it may lead to issues such as discomfort, pain, especially during sexual activity, infection, inflammation, and difficulty urinating. Phimosis can be caused by various factors, including infections, skin conditions, scarring from previous injuries or surgeries, or forceful attempts to retract the foreskin.
Treatment for phimosis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, gentle manual stretching exercises may be recommended to gradually increase the foreskin's ability to retract. In other cases, topical creams or medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation or fight infections. If these treatments are not effective, or if phimosis is causing significant discomfort or complications, circumcision (surgical removal of the foreskin) may be considered as a last resort.
Penile diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the penis, including infections, inflammatory conditions, and structural abnormalities. Some common penile diseases include:
1. Balanitis: an infection or inflammation of the foreskin and/or head of the penis.
2. Balanoposthitis: an infection or inflammation of both the foreskin and the head of the penis.
3. Phimosis: a condition in which the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the head of the penis.
4. Paraphimosis: a medical emergency in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the head of the penis and cannot be returned to its normal position.
5. Peyronie's disease: a condition characterized by the development of scar tissue inside the penis, leading to curvature during erections.
6. Erectile dysfunction: the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.
7. Penile cancer: a rare form of cancer that affects the skin and tissues of the penis.
These conditions can have various causes, including bacterial or fungal infections, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), skin conditions, trauma, or underlying medical conditions. Treatment for penile diseases varies depending on the specific condition and its severity, but may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Localized scleroderma, also known as morphea, is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the skin and connective tissues. It is characterized by thickening and hardening (sclerosis) of the skin in patches or bands, usually on the trunk, limbs, or face. Unlike systemic scleroderma, localized scleroderma does not affect internal organs, although it can cause significant disfigurement and disability in some cases.
There are two main types of localized scleroderma: plaque morphea and generalized morphea. Plaque morphea typically presents as oval or circular patches of thickened, hard skin that are often white or pale in the center and surrounded by a purple or darker border. Generalized morphea, on the other hand, is characterized by larger areas of sclerosis that can cover much of the body surface.
The exact cause of localized scleroderma is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve an overactive immune system response that leads to inflammation and scarring of the skin and underlying tissues. Treatment typically involves a combination of topical therapies (such as corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors), phototherapy, and systemic medications (such as methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil) in more severe cases.
Lichen Planus, Oral is a relatively common inflammatory condition that affects the mucous membranes inside the mouth. It is characterized by the presence of white, lacy patches (called Wickham's striae), papules, or plaques on the oral mucosa, which can be uncomfortable or painful, especially when eating spicy, salty, or acidic foods. The condition can also cause soreness, redness, and ulceration in some cases.
The exact cause of oral lichen planus is not known, but it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response in which the body's immune system attacks the cells in the oral mucosa. The condition can affect people of any age, but it is most commonly seen in middle-aged adults, and it affects women more often than men.
While there is no cure for oral lichen planus, treatment can help to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Topical corticosteroids are often used to reduce inflammation and relieve pain, while systemic medications may be prescribed in severe cases. It is important to avoid irritants such as tobacco, alcohol, and spicy foods, which can exacerbate symptoms. Regular dental check-ups are also recommended to monitor the condition and prevent any complications.
Lichen sclerosus
Vulvar cancer
Vulva
International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease
Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia
Methylation
Retinoic acid receptor beta
Retinoic acid receptor
Transcription factor Jun
Perineoplasty
IRF6
Vulvitis
TP63
Interferon regulatory factors
Dyspareunia
Pediatric gynaecology
List of MeSH codes (C13)
Precancerous condition
Kraurosis vulvae
Vaginal bleeding
List of causes of genital pain
Vulvodynia
Vulvar disease
Vestibulectomy
Penile cancer
Lichen planus
List of skin conditions
Vulvar Cancer Archives • Lichen Sclerosus Support Network
What does vulvar lichen sclerosus look like?
Lichen sclerosus - Wikipedia
Dermoscopic Features of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus in the Setting of a Prospective Cohort of Patients: New Observations
Cell cycle proteins as molecular markers of malignant change in vulvar lichen sclerosus | International Journal of Gynecologic...
ScholarWorks@Gyeongsang National University: A Clinical and Histopathological Study of 25 Cases of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus et...
AFYX Therapeutics Presents Results from Rivelin Clinical Proof of Concept Study in Patients with Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus at the...
Lichen Sclerosus: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
https://www.cancer.gov/types/vulvar/hp/vulvar-treatment-pdq
Vulvar Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | HealthNews
Vulvar Abscess - Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington & Peabody
Cancers Caused by HPV: Statistics, Early Symptoms, Prevention
Gender differences in genital lichen sclerosus: data from a multicenter Italian study on 729 consecutive cases - Giornale...
British Journal of Dermatology
Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Histiocytosis X and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus
Educational Grants Recipients
Kelly R. Hodges, MD | Author | Merck Manuals Consumer Version
Lichen Sclerosus - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | NORD
CD44:metabolism<...
Debbie Phipps, MD - Department of Family Medicine
News and Announcements Archive - Parveen S Vahora MD PA
Candidiasis - Glossary Definition
183: [Personal Story] Living with Lichen Sclerosus - Tammy
Vulvar amyloidosis
Cancers | Free Full-Text | Patient-Reported Mobility, Physical Activity, and Bicycle Use after Vulvar Carcinoma Surgery
Plasma cell vulvitis
Thieme E-Journals - Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie / Abstract
World Sexual Health Day 2023: Celebrating Consent and Research in Sexual Wellbeing - Women's Health Research Institute
Internet Scientific Publications
Planus8
- It has been noted that clinical diagnosis of BXO can be "almost unmistakable," though there are other dermatologic conditions such as lichen planus, localized scleroderma, leukoplakia, vitiligo, and the cutaneous rash of Lyme disease can have a similar appearance. (wikipedia.org)
- It has been hypothesized that oral manifestations are underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as oral lichen planus, or that environmental effects play a large role in disease expression. (medscape.com)
- Increased circulating autoantibodies may be as high as 28%, comparable to the rate seen in bullous lichen planus. (medscape.com)
- 11. Vulvar dermatoses: lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, and vulval dermatitis/lichen simplex chronicus. (nih.gov)
- 20. [The rare case of erosive lichen planus with large leasions in vulvar area and vagina]. (nih.gov)
- Risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in lichen sclerosus and lichen planus: A systematic review. (msdmanuals.com)
- Chronic vulvar inflammation - Certain skin conditions, such as lichen sclerosus, lichen planus and Paget's disease can cause long-term irritation of the vulvar skin, which can sometimes lead to cancer. (moffitt.org)
- Any skin disorders can affect the skin outside the vagina, such as lichen sclerosus and lichen planus. (nccmed.com)
Intraepithelial neoplasia3
- 13. Allelic imbalance in lichen sclerosus, hyperplasia, and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva. (nih.gov)
- Most women with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) have no symptoms at all. (cancer.org)
- Precancerous conditions of the vulva or cervix - Because a small number of women with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia will develop invasive vulvar cancer, a physician will usually recommend removing the abnormal cells and following up with regular check-ups. (moffitt.org)
Extragenital lichen sclerosus5
- For extragenital lichen sclerosus, phototherapy or methotrexate could be considered (treatment regimens analogous to those used for morphea). (medscape.com)
- 6.5 mg/kg based on ideal body weight) as a systemic maintenance drug for both genital and extragenital lichen sclerosus. (medscape.com)
- There are no RCTs evaluating the efficacy of treatment for extragenital lichen sclerosus, and recommendations are based on case reports and small uncontrolled studies. (medscape.com)
- Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of unknown cause that most commonly affects the genitalia (vulvar and penile lichen sclerosus), but it can occur at any skin site (extragenital lichen sclerosus). (medscape.com)
- 6. Clinicopathologic comparison of vulvar and extragenital lichen sclerosus: histologic variants, evolving lesions, and etiology of 141 cases. (nih.gov)
Dystrophy6
- 3. Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva in association with mixed vulvar dystrophy. (nih.gov)
- 9. Malignant potential of mixed vulvar dystrophy (lichen sclerosus associated with squamous cell hyperplasia). (nih.gov)
- The most common gynecologic problems observed in elderly women population are gynecologic cancers, vulvar dystrophy and genitourinary atrophy. (dergisi.org)
- Pruritis vulva due to vulvar dystrophy is usually seen in elderly women. (dergisi.org)
- The presence of a vulvar dystrophy, when adequately treated, does not significantly predispose the patient to the developent of vulvar carcinoma. (tau.ac.il)
- Vulvectomy is contraindicated as a means of treatment in the vast majority of patients with a vulvar dystrophy. (tau.ac.il)
Squamous cell hyperplasia2
- Histologic types are lichen sclerosus and squamous cell hyperplasia. (dergisi.org)
- In most cases of vulvar cancer, lichen sclerosus, squamous cell hyperplasia or VIN have affected adjacent cells. (coyleinstitute.com)
Developing vulvar cancer3
- Although several risk factors increase the odds of developing vulvar cancer, most women with these risks do not develop it. (cancer.org)
- However, HPV exposure can sometimes lead to cellular changes that heighten a woman's risk of developing vulvar cancer. (moffitt.org)
- The team of multispecialty experts at Moffitt Cancer Center's gynecological clinic can help women - especially those who have multiple risk factors - to better understand their risk of developing vulvar cancer, and also discuss options for risk reduction, early detection and treatment. (moffitt.org)
Vulvodynia2
- citation needed] According to the National Vulvodynia Association, which also supports women with lichen sclerosus, vulvo-vaginal conditions can cause feelings of isolation, hopelessness, low self-image, and much more. (wikipedia.org)
- Dr. Krapf is active in research and has published chapters and peer-reviewed articles on vulvodynia and vulvar lichen sclerosus. (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
Kraurosis vulvae1
- Outdated terms for this conditions include lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, balanitis xerotica obliterans (glans penis presentation), and kraurosis vulvae (older description of vulvar presentation). (medscape.com)
Cases of lichen sclerosus2
- Local irritation or trauma seems to play a role in some cases of lichen sclerosus, especially in genetically predisposed individuals. (medscape.com)
- More severe cases of lichen sclerosus produce scarring that may cause the inner lips of the vulva to shrink and disappear, the clitoris to become covered with scar tissue, and the opening of the vagina to narrow. (abchomeopathy.com)
Diagnosis of lichen3
- A diagnosis of lichen sclerosis is no different - and does come with increased risks. (coyleinstitute.com)
- The risk of lichen sclerosus becoming vulvar cancer is additionally increased when the initial diagnosis of lichen sclerosus is made in women over the age of 70. (coyleinstitute.com)
- A biopsy specimen should always be obtained to confirm the diagnosis of lichen sclerosus. (melissadahir.com)
Symptoms of vulvar2
- Identifying signs and symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus that may prompt a referral. (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
- If a woman develops persistent symptoms of vulvar cancer, she should see her primary care physician or gynecologist for further evaluation. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
Biopsy5
- 7. The role of vulvar skin biopsy in the evaluation of chronic vulvar pain. (nih.gov)
- Because other diseases of the genitalia can look like lichen sclerosus, a biopsy is advised whenever the appearance of the skin is not typical of lichen sclerosus. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Vulvar Biopsy - Leave A Scar? (bigresource.org)
- How To Apply Anaesthetic Gel Before Vulvar Biopsy? (bigresource.org)
- The vulvar biopsy specimens from 128 patients were grouped according to a predetermined classification. (tau.ac.il)
Postmenopausal5
- Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition of the vulva that most commonly affects postmenopausal women. (medscape.com)
- Lichen sclerosis has been found in all age groups, but most affected individuals are postmenopausal. (estronaut.com)
- While lichen sclerosus appears predominantly in postmenopausal women, this skin condition is also known to develop on the head of the penis in men. (abchomeopathy.com)
- These and other recommendations presented in the EMAS clinical guide are published in the article: 'EMAS clinical guide: Vulvar lichen sclerosus in peri and postmenopausal women by Faustino R. P rez-L pez, Iuliana Ceausu, Herman Depypere, C. Tamer Erel, Irene Lambrinoudaki, Margaret Rees, Karin Schenck-Gustafsson, Florence Tremollieres, Yvonne T. van der Schouw and Tommaso Simoncini. (medindia.net)
- Anyone at any age can get lichen sclerosus, but postmenopausal women are affected most often. (mayoclinic.org)
Diagnosed with vulvar cancer2
- Some women with one or more risk factors will never develop the condition, while others with no apparent risk factors will be diagnosed with vulvar cancer. (moffitt.org)
- Most women diagnosed with vulvar cancer are older than 50, and only a small percentage of vulvar cancer occurs in women ages 40 and under. (coyleinstitute.com)
Lesions4
- Typical lesions of lichen sclerosus are porcelain-white papules and plaques, often seen in conjunction with areas of ecchymosis or purpura. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Early detection and diagnosis of invasive lichen sclerosus lesions are crucial to reduce the risk of vulvar cancer. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Zeiger, Roni F.. "Vulvar Lesions. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Medicine Central , im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114544/all/Vulvar_lesions. (unboundmedicine.com)
Penis3
- Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease of unknown cause which can affect any body part of any person but has a strong preference for the genitals (penis, vulva) and is also known as balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) when it affects the penis. (wikipedia.org)
- Lichen sclerosus of the penis occurs almost exclusively in uncircumcised men (those who have not had the foreskin removed). (abchomeopathy.com)
- This image shows atrophy, hypopigmentation, and hyperpigmentation of the labia (top) and atrophy and hypopigmentation of the glans of the penis (bottom) resulting from lichen sclerosus. (msdmanuals.com)
Disorders3
- 2. Prognostic significance of epithelial disorders adjacent to invasive vulvar carcinomas. (nih.gov)
- 5. Non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva (vulvar dystrophies): historical and current perspectives. (nih.gov)
- Women presenting with vulvar pruritus and pain should be examined by a health professional with expertise in vulvar skin disorders. (medindia.net)
Anal area1
- Lichen Sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can affect any skin surface, but is most commonly seen in the genital and/or anal area. (melissadahir.com)
Malignant1
- Lichen sclerosus comes with considerable risk for malignant transformation and anyone who is diagnosed will require ongoing monitoring. (coyleinstitute.com)
Atrophic1
- Genital warts, condyloma, vulvar itching, lichen sclerosus and atrophic lichen are some of these. (clinicaalejandria.es)
Skin21
- It should be recognized that vulvar lichen sclerosus patients typically do not develop atrophy with prolonged use, owing to the resistant nature of modified mucous membranes of the labia and clitoris (in contrast to perianal and hair-bearing skin of the labia majora, which can atrophy within 2-3 wk of use). (medscape.com)
- The MAHEC Vulvar Clinic provides care to women throughout the region with vulvar skin conditions and genital pain. (mahec.net)
- An area of VIN may look different than normal vulvar skin. (cancer.org)
- Lichen sclerosus is a skin condition that can cause itching and pain, and while any body part can be affected, it typically involves the genitals, which can lead to vaginal and vulvar itching. (yahoo.com)
- Potential role of the skin and gut microbiota in premenarchal vulvar lichen sclerosus: A pilot case-control study. (nih.gov)
- Lichen sclerosus is a condition in which the skin around the vulva has a crinkled or parchment-like appearance. (estronaut.com)
- Lichen sclerosus (LIKE-in skler-O-sus) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that can affect men, women, or children, but is most common in women. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Skin on other areas of the body affected by lichen sclerosus usually does not develop scarring. (abchomeopathy.com)
- It is uncommon for women who have vulvar lichen sclerosus to have the disease on other skin surfaces. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Lichen sclerosus has also been shown to appear at sites of previous injury or trauma where the skin has already experienced scarring or damage. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) often goes untreated until advanced signs of skin damage occur. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- Vulvar lichen sclerosus causes light-colored, itchy patches of skin on the vulva. (mayoclinic.org)
- Some research studies seem to show there may be a small chance that skin affected by lichen sclerosus could be at higher risk for developing cancer. (mayoclinic.org)
- Atrophy and shriveling of the SKIN of the VULVA that is characterized by the whitish LICHEN SCLEROSUS appearance, inflammation, and PRURITUS . (nih.gov)
- Vulvar lichen sclerosus is a chronic disorder of the skin. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Changes in the surrounding skin cells that produce keratin, including chronic inflammation and sclerosus, may be responsible for the increased risk of vulvar cancer. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Coyle Institute patients have reported 100 percent recovery from all lichen sclerosus symptoms following a session of the new TULIP® treatment including new, healed vulvar skin and tissues. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Lichen Sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can affect the vulva. (medicinemama.com)
- Scoop out a small amount with clean, dry fingers and massage into vulvar skin (includes inner and/or outer labia). (medicinemama.com)
- Patients with lichen sclerosus have an increased risk for developing skin cancer known as squamous cell carcinoma. (melissadahir.com)
- Also, failure to properly treat the vaginal tissues may increase the risk of developing vulvar skin cancer, or squamous cell carcinoma. (melissadahir.com)
Cancer40
- And some women who don't have any apparent risk factors develop vulvar cancer. (cancer.org)
- When a woman develops vulvar cancer, it is usually not possible to say with certainty that a particular risk factor was the cause. (cancer.org)
- The risk of vulvar cancer goes up as women age. (cancer.org)
- The average age of women diagnosed with invasive vulvar cancer is 70, whereas women diagnosed with non-invasive vulvar cancer average about 20 years younger. (cancer.org)
- Lichen sclerosus is very, very important to diagnose because in addition to the fact that it can be really uncomfortable and miserable, there are long-term problems, if it's untreated, of increased risk of vulvar cancer down the road," says Streicher. (yahoo.com)
- I have never been back for a recheck, but I recently read that I should be getting a regular exam, because this condition might cause vulvar cancer. (mayoclinic.org)
- At this time, the evidence is not clear whether lichen sclerosus actually raises the risk for vulvar cancer , though there may be a small chance that cancer could develop. (mayoclinic.org)
- At this time, the connection between vulvar lichen sclerosus and vulvar cancer is not clearly understood. (mayoclinic.org)
- While the precise cause of vulvar cancer is unknown, certain risk factors are believed to influence a woman's chance of developing the condition. (moffitt.org)
- therefore, it is possible for a woman to take preventive measures to help ensure that her vulvar cancer risk level is as low as possible. (moffitt.org)
- Advanced age - While vulvar cancer can affect women of any age, the average age at diagnosis is 65. (moffitt.org)
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - HIV weakens the body's immune system, which in turn can make a woman more susceptible to HPV and thus elevate her vulvar cancer risk. (moffitt.org)
- Tobacco and alcohol use - Smoking and alcohol consumption increase the risk of many forms of cancer, including vulvar cancer. (moffitt.org)
- To learn more about vulvar cancer risk factors, please call 1-888-663-3488 or register to schedule an appointment online . (moffitt.org)
- It requires treatment because, if neglected, it can lead to the development of vulvar cancer. (medicalwholesome.com)
- https://youtu.be/DC-u_GJrlIg Listen to the podcast here: Today we are joined (again) by therapeutic nutrition consultant, LS warrior, and vulvar cancer survivor, Heather Cooan. (lssupportnetwork.org)
- Unfortunately, Heather went undiagnosed for over 25 years, allowing her Lichen Sclerosus to develop into cancer. (lssupportnetwork.org)
- Doing so allowed Heather's Lichen Sclerosus to go into remission and she is now cancer-free! (lssupportnetwork.org)
- Lichen Sclerosus and Vulvar Cancer: What are the Risks? (coyleinstitute.com)
- Women must be especially vigilant about the various reproductive health issues that can contribute to cancer risks, including HPV and lichen sclerosus, which increases the risk of vulvar cancer. (coyleinstitute.com)
- By mitigating risk factors as much as possible and treating and monitoring lichen sclerosus carefully, the risk of cancer can be lowered. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Early detection of changes indicating vulvar cancer means women can seek effective treatment in early and even pre-cancerous stages. (coyleinstitute.com)
- How does Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Impact Vulvar Cancer Risk? (coyleinstitute.com)
- Lichen sclerosus is found in adjacent regions in up to 62% of vulvar cancer patients. (coyleinstitute.com)
- The increased risk of vulvar cancer is just one more reason why lichen sclerosus should be diagnosed early, treated as completely as possible and carefully monitored. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Did you know that Lichen Sclerosus increases risk of vulvar cancer if left untreated? (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
- Patients with vulvar cancer have a five-year survival rate of 86% for vulvar confined disease, while survival rates drop to 57% for patients with distant metastases. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- What are the Differences Between Stages 1A and Stages 1B Vulvar Cancer? (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- reported on the evaluation of 27 patients with vulvar cancer, including seven patients with stage 1a and stage 1b disease and three patients with stage 0b and asymptomatic cecum. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- Other than vulvar cancer, are there any other possible causes for these symptoms? (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- It is not easy to predict the survival rate of stage 1 vulvar cancer. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- OBJECTIVES To assess the results of sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection in the initial stages of vulvar cancer and the recurrences that may appear. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- The cancer of the vulvar typically grows slowly over several years. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- Recent evidence suggests that vulvar cancer is becoming more common among younger women. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- 80 vulvar cancer stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- Also, the survival rates for stage 1 vulvar cancer vary according to the stage and grade of the disease. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- Most vulvar cancer is squamous in origin. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- Staging tests can include: The stages of vulvar cancer are indicated by Roman numerals that range from I to IV, with the lowest stage indicating cancer that is limited to the vulva. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
- However, in extremely rare cases the sensation of burning may be attributed to vulvar cancer. (nccmed.com)
- Vulvar cancers account for around 0.7 percent of all cancers of women in the United States, according to the American Cancer Society. (nccmed.com)
Dyspareunia2
- Fractional CO2 lasers, meanwhile, have been shown histologically to improve vaginal tissue and to alleviate self-reported vulvar symptoms of itching and dyspareunia. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- A condition which characteristically causes itching, pain, and dyspareunia, vulvar LS is most commonly diagnosed following menopause . (medscape.com)
Cause vulvar1
- This condition may also cause vulvar pain and severe itching of the vaginal area. (estronaut.com)
Carcinoma of the vulva1
- When first seen, the one patient who did develop carcinoma of the vulva had an initial vulvar carcinoma 3 years prior to the diagnosis of a second vulvar carcinoma and associated lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. (tau.ac.il)
Women7
- It is estimated that up to 20% of all women will experience significant vulvar symptoms at some point in their lifetime. (medscape.com)
- Women with lichen sclerosus have a higher rate of associated autoimmune disease (odds ratio, 4.3), especially for autoimmune thyroid disease, compared with men. (medscape.com)
- Women are told they should use all these vulvar washes and other products, and it's really poison to the vulva," says Dr. Lauren Streicher , professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Northwestern University. (yahoo.com)
- I ran a vulvar clinic, and one of the first things we would tell women when they came to the vulvar clinic is stop using all this junk on their vulva. (yahoo.com)
- Given it is a chronic condition, most women who have vulvar lichen sclerosus need long-term treatment. (mayoclinic.org)
- Two small randomized trials assessing the therapeutic value of fractionated carbon dioxide laser in women with vulvar LS were published in the June 2021 issue of the journal Obstetrics and Gynecology . (medscape.com)
- Moreover, since insurance companies do not cover laser treatment for vulvar LS, this therapy is financially out of reach for many women. (medscape.com)
Patients5
- Topical avocado and soybean extracts as alternative treatments for mild-to-moderate lichen sclerosus have been used in patients wishing to avoid corticosteroids. (medscape.com)
- When the charts on these 128 patients were reviewed, several facts relative to the vulvar dystrophies were noted. (tau.ac.il)
- Genomic Profiling of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Patients Shows Possible Pathogenetic Disease Mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
- Do you feel confident in your ability to identify Lichen Sclerosus in your patients? (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
- Utilizing physical therapy techniques to increase function in patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus. (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
Itching6
- There are many known causes of vaginal or vulvar itching, and they can range from the most mundane causes (like a new shower gel) to something much more serious. (yahoo.com)
- One of the more common causes of vulvar and vaginal itching is a yeast infection, which can be caused by an overgrowth of fungus called candida. (yahoo.com)
- When lichen sclerosus occurs on parts of the body other than the genital area, most often there are no symptoms, other than itching. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Rarely, lichen sclerosus of the vulva may cause extreme itching that interferes with sleep and daily activities. (abchomeopathy.com)
- Lichen sclerosus can cause anogenital bruising, itching, or blistering early, and atrophy and scarring later. (msdmanuals.com)
- This vulvar itching may become worse at night. (melissadahir.com)
Genital area2
- Very mild lichen sclerosus of the genital area often causes no symptoms at all. (abchomeopathy.com)
- In cases of inner lip adhesion accompanied by lichen sclerosus disease, the entire genital area (large lips, perineum, and clitoral area) may be indistinct and flattened. (eserdag.com)
20211
- Why Laser Therapy for Lichen Sclerosus Isn't Worth the Cost - Medscape - Jun 11, 2021. (medscape.com)
Occur1
- Lichen sclerosus can occur in males or females of any age, but it more commonly affects prepubertal or perimenopausal females or males between puberty and age 60 years. (medscape.com)
Topical4
- Third-line therapies that could be considered in treatment-resistant genital lichen sclerosus could include topical or oral retinoids, steroid injections, cyclosporin (topical shown not to work), methotrexate, or hydroxyurea. (medscape.com)
- Treatment of lichen sclerosus consists of potent topical corticosteroids (medications that otherwise should be used with extreme caution in this area). (msdmanuals.com)
- Treatment of lichen sclerosus used to depend heavily on topical steroid creams. (coyleinstitute.com)
- Topical therapy with the potent corticosteroid clobetasol represents the standard of care in treating vulvar LS. (medscape.com)
Treatment7
- [ 17 ] Treatment is often extrapolated from data from studies in genital lichen sclerosus and studies in the treatment of morphea. (medscape.com)
- In initial phases, lichen sclerosis has no major symptoms and does not require treatment. (estronaut.com)
- The most common treatment for lichen sclerosus is a prescription of corticosteroid cream. (mayoclinic.org)
- It is important to see your health care provider on a regular basis so he or she can confirm that the treatment for lichen sclerosus is working. (mayoclinic.org)
- Why Laser Therapy for Lichen Sclerosus Isn't Worth the Cost Dr Andrew Kaunitz doesn't recommend this novel treatment in place of conventional topicals for vulvar lichen sclerosis. (medscape.com)
- The symptoms related to the vulvar dystrophies can be adequately controlled with medical treatment. (tau.ac.il)
- Recognizing treatment options for vulvar lichen sclerosus. (pelvicflooruniversity.com)
Anus1
- When lichen sclerosus develops around the anus, the discomfort can lead to constipation that is difficult to relieve. (abchomeopathy.com)
Current perspectives1
- Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Current Perspectives. (fusfoundation.org)
Clinical1
- A clinical guide by the European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) on lichen sclerosus with summary recommendations has been published in Maturitas. (medindia.net)
Affects2
- Vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects genital labial, perineal and perianal areas, producing significant discomfort and psychological distress. (medindia.net)
- Lichen sclerosus is an inflammatory dermatosis of unknown cause, possibly autoimmune, that usually affects the anogenital area. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancers1
- About 90% vulvar cancers are squamous cell carcinomas and develop on the surface of the vulva. (santiagodiazpiedrahita.com)
Menopause1
- Lichen sclerosususually occurs after the menopause. (medicalwholesome.com)
Atrophy1
- This photo shows atrophy and hypopigmentation in the vulvar and perianal areas. (msdmanuals.com)
Gynecologic1
- 14. Audit of a multidisciplinary vulvar clinic in a gynecologic hospital. (nih.gov)
Pediatric2
- https://youtu.be/n_kMuoUogL0 Introduction Today I am joined by the amazing dermatologist, Dr. Sandy Flann, who is an expert on pediatric Lichen Sclerosus. (lssupportnetwork.org)
- Yes, you heard that right, Pediatric Lichen Sclerosus! (lssupportnetwork.org)
Dystrophies1
- 19. Focused ultrasound therapy of vulvar dystrophies: a feasibility study. (nih.gov)
Contagious1
- Lichen sclerosus is not contagious. (wikipedia.org)