A lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by pleomorphic B-LYMPHOCYTES including PLASMA CELLS, with increased levels of monoclonal serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN M. There is lymphoplasmacytic cells infiltration into bone marrow and often other tissues, also known as lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Clinical features include ANEMIA; HEMORRHAGES; and hyperviscosity.
A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.
A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.
Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.
Abnormal immunoglobulins synthesized by atypical cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Paraproteins containing only light chains lead to Bence Jones paraproteinemia, while the presence of only atypical heavy chains leads to heavy chain disease. Most of the paraproteins show themselves as an M-component (monoclonal gammopathy) in electrophoresis. Diclonal and polyclonal paraproteins are much less frequently encountered.
Compounds based on benzene fused to oxole. They can be formed from methylated CATECHOLS such as EUGENOL.
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain the basic structure RB(OH)2.
Pyrazines are heterocyclic organic compounds containing a six-membered ring with two nitrogen atoms at opposite positions, often responsible for the characteristic flavors and aromas found in various foods, beverages, and some biological systems, but they do not have a direct medical definition as they are not a drug, treatment, or a significant component of human physiology or pathology.
The internal resistance of the BLOOD to shear forces. The in vitro measure of whole blood viscosity is of limited clinical utility because it bears little relationship to the actual viscosity within the circulation, but an increase in the viscosity of circulating blood can contribute to morbidity in patients suffering from disorders such as SICKLE CELL ANEMIA and POLYCYTHEMIA.
A nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus. It has some antineoplastic properties and has broad spectrum activity against DNA viruses in cell cultures and significant antiviral activity against infections caused by a variety of viruses such as the herpes viruses, the VACCINIA VIRUS and varicella zoster virus.
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.
Serum globulins with high molecular weight. (Dorland, 28th ed)
The milieu surrounding neoplasms consisting of cells, vessels, soluble factors, and molecules, that can influence and be influenced by, the neoplasm's growth.
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.
Substances that are toxic to cells; they may be involved in immunity or may be contained in venoms. These are distinguished from CYTOSTATIC AGENTS in degree of effect. Some of them are used as CYTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTICS. The mechanism of action of many of these are as ALKYLATING AGENTS or MITOSIS MODULATORS.
The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

Human herpesvirus 8 in hematologic diseases. (1/388)

Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a new member of the g-herpesvirus family. It is an unusual herpesvirus in that it carries a large number of genes that encode oncoproteins or cell signaling proteins. In addition to being the causative agent of both HIV-associated and non-HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma this DNA tumor virus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. These include multiple myeloma (MM), Waldenstom's macroglobulinemia (WM), multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD), body cavity-based lymphoma (BCBL), and various other conditions such as sarcoidosis and pemphigus. While the causative role of the viral infection is fairly certain in the development of BCBL and multicentric Castleman's disease, HHV-8 may act through a different mechanism to induce plasma cell malignancies. It has been suggested though the finding is still controversial - that infection of bone marrow stromal dendritic cells by HHV-8 might be a key factor in the etiology and pathogenesis of monoclonal gammopathies. The aim of this review is to provide a short introduction into the tumorigenic potential of HHV-8 as well as to detail the available data and possible mechanisms on the involvement of this virus in different hematologic diseases.  (+info)

Multicenter phase II study of fludarabine phosphate for patients with newly diagnosed lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and mantle-cell lymphoma. (2/388)

PURPOSE: Fludarabine phosphate (F-AMP) has significant activity in follicular lymphoma and in B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia, where it has demonstrated high complete response (CR) rates. Lymphoplasmacytoid (LPC) lymphoma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM), and mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) also present with advanced-stage disease and are incurable with standard alkylator-based chemotherapy. A phase II trial was undertaken to determine the activity of F-AMP in patients newly diagnosed with these diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 1996, 78 patients (aged 18 to 75 years) received intravenous F-AMP (25 mg/m2/d for 5 days, every 4 weeks) until maximum response, plus two further cycles as consolidation. The primary end point was response rate; secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), duration of response, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Forty-four (62%) of 71 assessable patients had a response to F-AMP (LPC lymphoma, 63%; WM, 79%; MCL, 41%); the CR rate was 15%. At a median follow-up of 1.5 years, 19 of 44 responding patients have had progression of lymphoma; the median duration of response was 2.5 years. The median survival has not yet been reached. There was no significant difference in the duration of response or OS between patients with different histologies; TTP was shorter in patients with MCL (P = .015). Myelosuppression was relatively common, and the treatment-related mortality (TRM) was 5%, mostly associated with pancytopenia and infection. CONCLUSION: Single-agent fludarabine phosphate is active in previously untreated LPC lymphoma and WM, with only moderate activity in MCL. However, the CR rate is low, and the TRM is relatively high. Its role in combination chemotherapy remains to be demonstrated.  (+info)

Cladribine with cyclophosphamide and prednisone in the management of low-grade lymphoproliferative malignancies. (3/388)

The feasibility of combining cladribine with cyclophosphamide and prednisone in the management of indolent lymphoid malignancies was determined. Nineteen patients [nine chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), seven non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and three macroglobulinaemia (M))] received cladribine 0.1 mg kg(-1) per day as a subcutaneous bolus injection on days 1-3 (up to 5 injections) with intravenous cyclophosphamide 500 mg m(-2) on day 1 and oral prednisone 40 mg (m-2) on days 1-5 at 4-weekly intervals up to a maximum of six courses. A total of 80 courses were given. Overall response rate was 88%, with four patients achieving a complete clinical and haematological response and 12 achieving a partial response. Neutropenia WHO grade 4 in two patients and WHO grade 3 infection in one patient were the limiting toxicities on treatment. During the follow-up, WHO grade >3 haematological complications occurred in five patients and WHO grade >3 non-haematological complications in five patients. There were no treatment-related deaths. This study demonstrates the feasibility of the cladribine/cyclophosphamide/prednisone (CCP) combination that appears highly active and safe in the management of indolent lymphoid malignancies.  (+info)

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for advanced Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (4/388)

Waldenstrom's disease is a lymphoproliferative disorder that is typically treated with plasmapheresis and/or alkylating agents. In young patients, other lymphoproliferative disorders have been treated with allogeneic transplantation. Two patients with aggressive Waldenstrom's disease, who progressed in spite of multi-agent chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, in one case, underwent allogeneic transplantation from their HLA-identical donors. Both remain alive with event-free survivals of more than 3, and more than 9 years, respectively. Allogeneic transplantation should be considered for young patients with Waldenstrom's disease.  (+info)

Enhanced B cell survival in familial macroglobulinaemia is associated with increased expression of Bcl-2. (5/388)

A family with three cases of macroglobulinaemia of undetermined significance (MGUS), and one case each of immunoblastic lymphoma, Waldentrom's macroglobulinaemia and multiple myeloma was first described 20 years ago. We have previously identified 10 out of 35 healthy family members tested whose lymphocytes produced abnormally high amounts of immunoglobulins in culture. In the present study lymphocyte subpopulations of these hyper-responders have been further characterized and lymphocyte reactivity and survival in vitro have been studied. No differences were detected in the proportions of resting B lymphocytes (CD19+) co-expressing CD5, CD10, CD11b, or CD38, and the CD4/CD8 ratio of T cells was normal before and after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The initial rate of response in terms of immunoglobulin production was not increased, but immunoglobulin levels continued to rise during the second week of culture whereas the production peaked at 8 days in control cultures. This was associated with significantly greater survival of lymphocytes and at 14 days surviving B cells could only be identified in samples from hyper-responders. A lymph node removed because of tuberculosis from a family member 23 years before the diagnosis of multiple myeloma showed very marked Bcl-2 expression in a B cell follicle. This was not seen in a tuberculous lymph node from an unrelated subject. Stimulated cultures from three hyper-responders tested demonstrated significantly higher retention of Bcl-2 in B cells compared with one family control and six unrelated controls. We conclude that the increased production of immunoglobulins previously observed in this family with an inherited tendency for benign and malignant B cell proliferation is the result of enhanced B cell survival, which is associated with increased expression of Bcl-2 following stimulation.  (+info)

Case report: Macroglobulinemia in a dog. (6/388)

This report describes a case of macroglobulinemia in a six year old castrate male Collie cross dog with clinical signs of epistaxis, anemia, retinopathy and high serum viscosity. The highest total serum protein was 12 g/dl with approximately 60% monoclonal beta globulin. Proteinuria, Bence Jones protein and osteolytic lesions were not detected.Chemotherapy and partial removal of the plasma protein by withdrawal of whole blood and transfusion with packed red cells from a DEA negative donor resulted in transient clinical remission.  (+info)

Structure of the high mannose oligosaccharides of a human IgM myeloma protein. I. The major oligosaccharides of the two high mannose glycopeptides. (7/388)

The structures of the predominant high mannose oligosaccharides present in a human IgM myeloma protein (Patient Wa) have been determined. The IgM glycopeptides, produced by pronase digestion, were fractionated on DEAE-cellulonalysis shows that glycopeptide I contains Asn, Pro, Ala, Thr, and His and glycopeptide II contains Asn, Val, and Ser, which are the same amino acids found in the sequences around Asn 402 and Asn 563 respectively, to which high mannose oligosaccharides are attached in IgM (Patient Ou) (Putnman, F.W., Florent, G., Paul, C., Shinoda, T., and Shimizu, A. (1973) Science 182, 287-290). The high mannose glycopeptides in IgM (Wa) exhibit heterogeneity in the oligosaccharide portion. Structural analysis of the major oligosaccharides indicates that the simplest structure is: (see article of journal). The larger oligosaccharides present have additional mannose residues linked alpha 1 yields 2 to terminal mannose residues in the above structure. Glycopeptide I contains primarily Man5 and Man6 species, while glycopeptide II contains Man6 and Man8 species. The two Man6 oligosaccharides have different branching patterns.  (+info)

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (8/388)

We report a 50-year-old male patient with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy, who went on to receive high-dose melphalan as conditioning before autologous PBSC infusion. Autologous hematopoiesis was reconstituted 5 weeks after transplant. Complete remission was confirmed by blood and marrow examination. The patient remains well at 12 months, with no detectable monoclonal IgM in his serum and absence of plasmacytoid lymphocytes in his marrow. Our results suggest that, at least in this case, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous PBSC support was an effective therapeutic approach for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia.  (+info)

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is a type of rare cancer called a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of malignant white blood cells, specifically B lymphocytes or plasma cells, in the bone marrow and sometimes in other organs. These abnormal cells produce an excessive amount of a protein called macroglobulin, which can lead to the thickening of the blood and various symptoms associated with this condition.

The signs and symptoms of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia may include fatigue, weakness, bruising or bleeding, frequent infections, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, visual disturbances, and confusion or difficulty thinking. The diagnosis typically involves a combination of blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, imaging studies, and sometimes genetic testing to confirm the presence of the disease and determine its extent.

Treatment options for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia depend on the severity of the symptoms and the stage of the disease. They may include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation, or a combination of these approaches. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust treatment plans as needed.

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is a type of antibody that is primarily found in the blood and lymph fluid. It is the first antibody to be produced in response to an initial exposure to an antigen, making it an important part of the body's primary immune response. IgM antibodies are large molecules that are composed of five basic units, giving them a pentameric structure. They are primarily found on the surface of B cells as membrane-bound immunoglobulins (mlgM), where they function as receptors for antigens. Once an mlgM receptor binds to an antigen, it triggers the activation and differentiation of the B cell into a plasma cell that produces and secretes large amounts of soluble IgM antibodies.

IgM antibodies are particularly effective at agglutination (clumping) and complement activation, which makes them important in the early stages of an immune response to help clear pathogens from the bloodstream. However, they are not as stable or long-lived as other types of antibodies, such as IgG, and their levels tend to decline after the initial immune response has occurred.

In summary, Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is a type of antibody that plays a crucial role in the primary immune response to antigens by agglutination and complement activation. It is primarily found in the blood and lymph fluid, and it is produced by B cells after they are activated by an antigen.

Paraproteinemias refer to the presence of abnormal levels of paraproteins in the blood. Paraproteins are immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by plasma cells, which are a type of white blood cell found in the bone marrow. In healthy individuals, paraproteins play a role in the immune system's response to infection and disease. However, in certain conditions, such as multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, plasma cells produce excessive amounts of a single type of paraprotein, leading to its accumulation in the blood.

Paraproteinemias can cause various symptoms depending on the level of paraproteins present and their impact on organs and tissues. These symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, numbness or tingling in the extremities, bone pain, recurrent infections, and kidney problems. In some cases, paraproteinemias may not cause any symptoms and may only be detected during routine blood tests.

It is important to note that while paraproteinemias are often associated with plasma cell disorders, they can also occur in other conditions such as chronic inflammation or autoimmune diseases. Therefore, further testing and evaluation are necessary to determine the underlying cause of paraproteinemia and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Monoclonal murine-derived antibodies are a type of laboratory-produced antibody that is identical in structure, having been derived from a single clone of cells. These antibodies are created using mouse cells and are therefore composed entirely of mouse immune proteins. They are designed to bind specifically to a particular target protein or antigen, making them useful tools for research, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic applications.

Monoclonal antibodies offer several advantages over polyclonal antibodies (which are derived from multiple clones of cells and can recognize multiple epitopes on an antigen). Monoclonal antibodies have a consistent and uniform structure, making them more reliable for research and diagnostic purposes. They also have higher specificity and affinity for their target antigens, allowing for more sensitive detection and measurement.

However, there are some limitations to using monoclonal murine-derived antibodies in therapeutic applications. Because they are composed entirely of mouse proteins, they can elicit an immune response in humans, leading to the production of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) that can neutralize their effectiveness. To overcome this limitation, researchers have developed chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies that incorporate human protein sequences, reducing the risk of an immune response.

Paraproteins, also known as M-proteins or monoclonal proteins, are immunoglobulins (antibodies) that are produced in abnormal amounts by a single clone of plasma cells. These proteins are typically produced in response to a stimulus such as an infection, but when they are produced in excessive and/or unusual forms, it can indicate the presence of a clonal disorder, such as multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, or other related conditions.

Paraproteins can be detected in the blood or urine and are often used as a marker for disease progression and response to treatment. They can also cause various symptoms and complications, depending on their size, concentration, and location. These may include damage to organs such as the kidneys, nerves, and bones.

Benzodioxoles are chemical compounds that consist of a benzene ring (a six-carbon cyclic structure with alternating double bonds) linked to two oxide groups through methane bridges. They can be found naturally in some plants, such as nutmeg and tea, but they are also synthesized for use in various pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs.

In the medical field, benzodioxoles are used in the synthesis of certain drugs, including some antimicrobials, antihelmintics (drugs that treat parasitic worm infections), and muscle relaxants. However, they are perhaps best known for their use as a structural component in certain illicit drugs, such as ecstasy (MDMA) and related substances.

It's important to note that while benzodioxoles themselves may have some medical uses, many of the drugs that contain this structure can be dangerous when used improperly or without medical supervision.

Boronic acids are organic compounds that contain a boron atom bonded to two carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group. The general formula for a boronic acid is RB(OH)2, where R represents a organic group. Boronic acids are important reagents in organic synthesis and have been used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. They can also form stable complexes with many diols and phenols, which is the basis for their use in the detection and quantification of sugars, as well as in the design of boronic acid-based drugs that target diseases such as cancer and diabetes.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "pyrazines" is not a term commonly used in medical definitions. Pyrazines are actually a class of organic compounds that contain a ring made up of two nitrogen atoms and three carbon atoms. They are found in various foods and contribute to their flavors. If you have any questions about organic chemistry or food science, I'd be happy to try to help!

Blood viscosity is a measure of the thickness or flow resistance of blood. It is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear rate within the flowing blood, which reflects the internal friction or resistance to flow. Blood viscosity is primarily determined by the concentration and size of red blood cells (hematocrit), plasma proteins, and other blood constituents. An increase in any of these components can raise blood viscosity, leading to impaired blood flow, reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, and potential cardiovascular complications if not managed appropriately.

Vidarabine is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes simplex infections, particularly severe cases such as herpes encephalitis (inflammation of the brain caused by the herpes simplex virus). It works by interfering with the DNA replication of the virus.

In medical terms, vidarabine is a nucleoside analogue that is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active form, vidarabine triphosphate. This compound inhibits viral DNA polymerase and incorporates into viral DNA, causing termination of viral DNA synthesis.

Vidarabine was previously used as an injectable medication but has largely been replaced by more modern antiviral drugs such as acyclovir due to its greater efficacy and lower toxicity.

Bone marrow is the spongy tissue found inside certain bones in the body, such as the hips, thighs, and vertebrae. It is responsible for producing blood-forming cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow, which is involved in blood cell production, and yellow marrow, which contains fatty tissue.

Red bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which can differentiate into various types of blood cells. These stem cells continuously divide and mature to produce new blood cells that are released into the circulation. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body, white blood cells help fight infections, and platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting.

Bone marrow also serves as a site for immune cell development and maturation. It contains various types of immune cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which help protect the body against infections and diseases.

Abnormalities in bone marrow function can lead to several medical conditions, including anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and various types of cancer, such as leukemia and multiple myeloma. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are common diagnostic procedures used to evaluate bone marrow health and function.

Macroglobulins are high molecular weight immunoglobulins, specifically, IgM antibodies. They are called "macro" because of their large size, which is approximately 10 times larger than other types of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgD). Macroglobulins are normally present in low concentrations in the blood, but their levels can increase in certain medical conditions such as macroglobulinemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and other chronic inflammatory diseases.

Elevated levels of macroglobulins can cause various symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, bleeding, and neurological problems due to the increased viscosity of the blood. Macroglobulins can also interfere with laboratory tests, leading to false positive results for certain conditions. Treatment for elevated macroglobulins depends on the underlying cause and may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other targeted therapies.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic setting that consists of various cellular and non-cellular components, which interact with each other and contribute to the growth, progression, and dissemination of cancer. The TME includes:

1. Cancer cells: These are the malignant cells that grow uncontrollably, invade surrounding tissues, and can spread to distant organs.
2. Stromal cells: These are non-cancerous cells present within the tumor, including fibroblasts, immune cells, adipocytes, and endothelial cells. They play a crucial role in supporting the growth of cancer cells by providing structural and nutritional support, modulating the immune response, and promoting angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels).
3. Extracellular matrix (ECM): This is the non-cellular component of the TME, consisting of a network of proteins, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides that provide structural support and regulate cell behavior. The ECM can be remodeled by both cancer and stromal cells, leading to changes in tissue stiffness, architecture, and signaling pathways.
4. Soluble factors: These include various cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and metabolites that are secreted by both cancer and stromal cells. They can act as signaling molecules, influencing cell behavior, survival, proliferation, and migration.
5. Blood vessels: The formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) within the TME is essential for providing nutrients and oxygen to support the growth of cancer cells. The vasculature in the TME is often disorganized, leading to hypoxic (low oxygen) regions and altered drug delivery.
6. Immune cells: The TME contains various immune cell populations, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and different subsets of T lymphocytes. These cells can either promote or inhibit the growth and progression of cancer, depending on their phenotype and activation status.
7. Niche: A specific microenvironment within the TME that supports the survival and function of cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells. The niche is often characterized by unique cellular components, signaling molecules, and physical properties that contribute to the maintenance and propagation of CSCs.

Understanding the complex interactions between these various components in the TME can provide valuable insights into cancer biology and help inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Monoclonal antibodies are a type of antibody that are identical because they are produced by a single clone of cells. They are laboratory-produced molecules that act like human antibodies in the immune system. They can be designed to attach to specific proteins found on the surface of cancer cells, making them useful for targeting and treating cancer. Monoclonal antibodies can also be used as a therapy for other diseases, such as autoimmune disorders and inflammatory conditions.

Monoclonal antibodies are produced by fusing a single type of immune cell, called a B cell, with a tumor cell to create a hybrid cell, or hybridoma. This hybrid cell is then able to replicate indefinitely, producing a large number of identical copies of the original antibody. These antibodies can be further modified and engineered to enhance their ability to bind to specific targets, increase their stability, and improve their effectiveness as therapeutic agents.

Monoclonal antibodies have several mechanisms of action in cancer therapy. They can directly kill cancer cells by binding to them and triggering an immune response. They can also block the signals that promote cancer growth and survival. Additionally, monoclonal antibodies can be used to deliver drugs or radiation directly to cancer cells, increasing the effectiveness of these treatments while minimizing their side effects on healthy tissues.

Monoclonal antibodies have become an important tool in modern medicine, with several approved for use in cancer therapy and other diseases. They are continuing to be studied and developed as a promising approach to treating a wide range of medical conditions.

Antineoplastic agents are a class of drugs used to treat malignant neoplasms or cancer. These agents work by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, either by killing them or preventing their division and replication. Antineoplastic agents can be classified based on their mechanism of action, such as alkylating agents, antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, mitotic inhibitors, and targeted therapy agents.

Alkylating agents work by adding alkyl groups to DNA, which can cause cross-linking of DNA strands and ultimately lead to cell death. Antimetabolites interfere with the metabolic processes necessary for DNA synthesis and replication, while topoisomerase inhibitors prevent the relaxation of supercoiled DNA during replication. Mitotic inhibitors disrupt the normal functioning of the mitotic spindle, which is essential for cell division. Targeted therapy agents are designed to target specific molecular abnormalities in cancer cells, such as mutated oncogenes or dysregulated signaling pathways.

It's important to note that antineoplastic agents can also affect normal cells and tissues, leading to various side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and myelosuppression (suppression of bone marrow function). Therefore, the use of these drugs requires careful monitoring and management of their potential adverse effects.

Cytotoxins are substances that are toxic to cells. They can cause damage and death to cells by disrupting their membranes, interfering with their metabolism, or triggering programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cytotoxins can be produced by various organisms such as bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals, and they can also be synthesized artificially.

In medicine, cytotoxic drugs are used to treat cancer because they selectively target and kill rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells. Examples of cytotoxic drugs include chemotherapy agents such as doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate. However, these drugs can also damage normal cells, leading to side effects such as nausea, hair loss, and immune suppression.

It's important to note that cytotoxins are not the same as toxins, which are poisonous substances produced by living organisms that can cause harm to other organisms. While all cytotoxins are toxic to cells, not all toxins are cytotoxic. Some toxins may have systemic effects on organs or tissues rather than directly killing cells.

Antineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols refer to a treatment plan for cancer that involves the use of more than one antineoplastic (chemotherapy) drug given in a specific sequence and schedule. The combination of drugs is used because they may work better together to destroy cancer cells compared to using a single agent alone. This approach can also help to reduce the likelihood of cancer cells becoming resistant to the treatment.

The choice of drugs, dose, duration, and frequency are determined by various factors such as the type and stage of cancer, patient's overall health, and potential side effects. Combination chemotherapy protocols can be used in various settings, including as a primary treatment, adjuvant therapy (given after surgery or radiation to kill any remaining cancer cells), neoadjuvant therapy (given before surgery or radiation to shrink the tumor), or palliative care (to alleviate symptoms and prolong survival).

It is important to note that while combined chemotherapy protocols can be effective in treating certain types of cancer, they can also cause significant side effects, including nausea, vomiting, hair loss, fatigue, and an increased risk of infection. Therefore, patients undergoing such treatment should be closely monitored and managed by a healthcare team experienced in administering chemotherapy.

Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia at eMedicine Johansson B, Waldenstrom J, Hasselblom S, Mitelman F (1995). "Waldenstrom's ... International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation. "Living with Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia". Kyle RA (1998). " ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia~workup at eMedicine National Cancer Institute. Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: Questions and ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia~treatment at eMedicine Waldenström J (1991). "To treat or not to treat, this is the real question ...
McMaster presents at International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation meetings. List of Wake Forest University people " ... "Mary McMaster, MD Presentations". International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation. Retrieved 2022-10-18. This article ... Familial Waldenström Macroglobulinemia - Mary Lou McMaster in November 2021 on YouTube (Source attribution, Articles with short ... She researches Waldenström macroglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, testicular cancer, and DICER1 syndrome. ...
"Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-05-02. "Waldenström macroglobulinemia: ... Waldenström macroglobulinemia is a slow-silent disease that typically develops when a person is around 65 or older, is male, ... Waldenström macroglobulinemia is an uncommon cancer of the blood cells that is distinguished by the proliferation of abnormal ... Smoldering Waldenström macroglobulinemia is the diagnosis for these people who present asymptomatic to it. Before a person with ...
1963;33:863-8. Polish) CASE OF WALDENSTROM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA. CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF PARAGLOBULINEMIA (Pol Arch Med ...
Acta Med Scand 152:293, 1955 "What is WM/LPL?". IWMF: International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation. Sarasota, FL, ... Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. He was born in Stockholm into a medical family: his father, Johann Henning Waldenström (1877- ... Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a "hyperviscosity syndrome" in which symptoms are caused by abnormal lymphocytes that prevent ...
2015). "Ibrutinib in previously treated Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia". N. Engl. J. Med. 372 (15): 1430-40. doi:10.1056/ ... "The genomic landscape of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is characterized by highly recurring MYD88 and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations ... WHIM like mutations in CXCR4 were recently identified in patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, a B-cell malignancy. ... CXCR4 WHIM mutations has been associated with clinical resistance to ibrutinib in patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia ...
... "microRNA-dependent modulation of histone acetylation in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia". Blood. 116 (9): 1506-14. doi:10.1182/ ...
"Imbruvica (ibrutinib) Now Approved to Treat Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia in Europe". AbbVie. 10 July 2015. Retrieved 21 ... and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Ibrutinib also binds to C-terminal Src Kinases. These are off-target receptors for the BTK ... Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD). Very common ... It was approved for Waldenström's macroglobulinemia in 2015. In March 2015, Pharmacyclics and AbbVie agreed that Abbvie would ...
February 2018). "Safety and efficacy of selinexor in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia ...
Mutations in TBL1XR1 have been identified in lymphomas, including MYD88 wild-type Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. In prostate ... 2017). "The Genomic Landscape of MYD88 Wild-Type Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia is Characterized by Somatic Mutations in ...
Family Foundation provides financial support for research into a rare kind of lymphoma called Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. ...
In 1996 he was diagnosed with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, a form of lymphoma and expected to die within a few years. ... after being diagnosed with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. After his death in 2009, a set of papers on army ants were ...
Rowe had dementia and died from COVID-19 and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia at his home in Storrs, Connecticut, on January 10, ...
... and tobacco smoking for more than 40 years are linked to an increased risk of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia.[citation needed] ... and Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Indolent lymphoma accounts for 41 percent of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases in North America ...
... a phase II trial of the novel oral Akt inhibitor perifosine in relapsed or relapsed/refractory Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia ...
... waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Paxlovid is a covalent inhibitor of the 3CLpro (Mpro) enzyme. It is ...
On November 2, 2011, BiovaxID was granted seven years of U.S. market exclusivity for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, a third ...
In a study by Bjorkholm et al., a 78-year-old patient diagnosed with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia was given 0.4 g/kg of ... conducted a clinical study, and 78-year-old male Waldenström's macroglobulinemia patient with astrovirus-associated ... severe and persistent astrovirus gastroenteritis after fludarabine treatment in a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia ...
IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Monoclonal IgG or, ... smoldering Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, or Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and in uncommon cases where the levels of ... This includes malignant (particularly Waldenström's macroglobulinemia in type II disease), infectious, or autoimmune diseases ... Among these purely monoclonal immunoglobulin causes of cryoglobulinemic disease, Waldenström macroglobulinemia and multiple ...
Award for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia (1st Recipient) - Research Fund for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia 2001 - Socius ... Lifetime Achievement Award in Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia - International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation 2003 ... Waldenstrom Award for Myeloma Research - International Workshop for Myeloma 1987 - Golden Service Award - North Dakota State ...
... waldenstrom macroglobulinemia The list continues at List of MeSH codes (C21). (Wikipedia articles in need of updating from ...
NOS M9761/3 Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (C42.0) (see also M9671/3) M9762/3 Heavy chain disease, NOS Alpha heavy chain disease ...
... waldenstrom macroglobulinemia MeSH C15.378.147.880 - protein c deficiency MeSH C15.378.147.890 - protein s deficiency MeSH ... waldenstrom macroglobulinemia MeSH C15.378.463.841 - vitamin k deficiency MeSH C15.378.463.841.464 - hemorrhagic disease of ... waldenstrom macroglobulinemia MeSH C15.604.667.358 - gaucher disease MeSH C15.604.667.400 - histiocytosis MeSH C15.604.667.400. ...
... and Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia" at ClinicalTrials.gov Garde D (19 March 2015). "Lilly inks a $690M deal to get its hands ...
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia MeSH C14.907.940.080 - aortitis MeSH C14.907.940.090 - arteritis MeSH C14.907.940.090.170 - aids ...
Petrus Johannes Waardenburg Waldenstrom-Kjellberg syndrome - Jan G. Waldenström, S. R. Kjellberg Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia ... and Waldenstrom-Kjellberg syndrome) - Henry Stanley Plummer and Porter Paisley Vinson Plyushkin syndrome (a.k.a. Diogenes ... and Waldenstrom-Kjellberg syndrome in Scandinavia). Arguments for maintaining eponyms include:[citation needed] The eponym may ...
Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. *Coping With Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. *Your Guide to the Latest Cancer Research and ... Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. *Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia (WM): Treatment Progress, May 25, 2022 *Transplantation as a ... Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. CancerCare provides free, professional support services for people affected by Waldenstroms ... For Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. *. DKMS We Delete Blood Cancer 212‑209‑6700, dkms.org/en ...
If you are facing Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, we can help you learn about the treatment options and possible side effects, ... How is Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia treated? If treatment is needed for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), several types can ... Targeted Drug Therapy for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia * Biological Therapy or Immunotherapy for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ... Who treats Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia? Based on your treatment options, you might have different types of doctors on your ...
Recommended diagnostic studies to evaluate a suspected diagnosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma ... encoded search term (Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging) and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging What to Read Next on ... How is Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma diagnosed?. How is the prognostic score for Waldenstrom ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging Updated: Oct 27, 2023 * Author: Joseph M Tuscano, MD; Chief Editor: Emmanuel C Besa, MD ...
Asher Chanan-Khan about current standards of care for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, as well as a clinical trial looking at a ... Asher Chanan-Khan about the current standards of care for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, also known as WM. ...
About Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, type of blood cancer that begins in the ... International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation. Additional Resources. *International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia ... 1. You are being treated for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Please make sure that HealthWell currently has a fund for your ... Assistance with the prescription drugs and biologics used in the treatment of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia.. ...
Scientists have identified a gene mutation that underlies the vast majority of cases of Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, a rare ... Researchers identify genetic mutation responsible for most cases of Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. Date:. December 16, 2011. ... Scientists have identified a gene mutation that underlies the vast majority of cases of Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, a rare ... Funding for the research was provided by the International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation, the Bing family and the ...
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is considered a type of non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Its sometimes called lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. ... OverviewWaldenstrom macroglobulinemia (mak-roe-glob-u-lih-NEE-me-uh) is a type of cancer that begins in the white blood cells. ... Factors that can increase the risk of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia include:. *Being older. Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia can ... Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia grows slowly. It might not cause symptoms for years.. When they happen, Waldenstrom ...
The IWMFs mission is to Support and educate everyone affected by Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia (WM) to improve patient ... check to see if the application was made under a diagnosis of Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. If so, and you were rejected, re ...
Yoga Nidra - 30 min. meets once a month. This guided relaxation practice can be done from bed. Give yourself permission to relax and rest, while setting intentions for personal growth and exploring the deeper self.. Use this guided relaxation and visualization practice to reduce stress levels, sleep better, and elevate well-being.. Stick around for our optional community chat afterwards.. Contact Ann at [email protected] to be added to the mailing list. ...
Recommended diagnostic studies to evaluate a suspected diagnosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma ... encoded search term (Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging) and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging What to Read Next on ... How is Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma diagnosed?. How is the prognostic score for Waldenstrom ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging Updated: Oct 27, 2023 * Author: Joseph M Tuscano, MD; Chief Editor: Emmanuel C Besa, MD ...
... for Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia (WM) in patients who have received two or more prior treatment regimens. ... Designation for Iopofosine for Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. The EMAs PRIME status is granted to drug candidates that may ...
Waldenström macroglobulinemia, one of the malignant monoclonal gammopathies, is a chronic, indolent, lymphoproliferative ... encoded search term (Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia) and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia What to Read Next on Medscape ... Genetic abnormalities in Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2009 Mar. 9(1):30-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Rituximab-based treatments in Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2009 Mar. 9(1):59-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...
Recommended diagnostic studies to evaluate a suspected diagnosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma ... encoded search term (Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging) and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging What to Read Next on ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Staging Updated: Sep 06, 2013 * Author: Joseph M Tuscano, MD; Chief Editor: Emmanuel C Besa, MD ... International prognostic scoring system for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood. 2009 Apr 30. 113(18):4163-70. [QxMD MEDLINE ...
Learn and reinforce your understanding of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. ... Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia Videos, Flashcards, High Yield Notes, & Practice Questions. ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, or Waldenstrom syndrome, is a rare type of malignant lymphoma thats characterized by the ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, or Waldenstrom syndrome, is a rare type of malignant lymphoma. ...
Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma For treatment of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Issa et al (2011) stated that based on the understanding of the complex interaction between ... There are varying dose recommendations for Kyprolis for Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, depending on line of therapy and ... offers a neuropathy sparing approach for proteasome inhibitor based therapy for Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. Bortezomib ...
For Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. *Transplantation as a Treatment Option for Blood Cancers. Tags:. leukemiamultiple myeloma ... syndromesmyelofibrosisnon-hodgkin lymphomapolycythemia verasmall lymphocytic lymphomawaldenstroms macroglobulinemiatreatment ... myeloproliferative neoplasmsnon-hodgkin lymphomaperipheral t-cell lymphomapolycythemia verawaldenstroms macroglobulinemiabone ... syndromesmyelofibrosisnon-hodgkin lymphomapolycythemia verasmall lymphocytic lymphomawaldenstroms macroglobulinemiatreatment ...
title = "Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Prognosis and management",. abstract = "Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a B-cell ... Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Prognosis and management. / Oza, A.; Rajkumar, S. V. In: Blood cancer journal, Vol. 5, No. 3, ... Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Prognosis and management. Blood cancer journal. 2015 Mar 27;5(3):e394;. doi: 10.1038/bcj.2015.28 ... Oza, A., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2015). Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Prognosis and management. Blood cancer journal, 5(3), Article ...
The International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation (IWMF) is a significant funder of WM research and has taken a ... The Mission of the WMFC (Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation of Canada) is to support Canadians with WM, and their ... Centres such as Dana Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, USA, in its association with the Bing Centre for Waldenstroms ... Macroglobulinemia (https://www.waldenstroms.com/) are leading the way in the development and testing of new treatments. ...
Now she is working on the pathogenesis of Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia.. Mrs. Liu received her degrees in Medical Science in ... As she continues to work with Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia, her concentrations are focused on a pathogenesis level. ... Xia joined the Bing Center for Waldenstroms Research, DFCI in July 2007. ...
Steven Treon is the Director of the Bing Center for Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia and an Attending Physician for the ... Treons research interests are focused on understanding the genetic basis and pathogenesis of Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia ( ... the Jan Gosta Waldenstrom Lifetime Achievement Award, the Laurie Strauss Leukemia Society Outstanding Cancer Investigator Award ... and is the Chair of the Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia Clinical Trials Group. ...
Dana Farber - Bing Center for Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia www.waldenstroms.com/. The WMFC, through the IWMF, is using ... The Mission of the WMFC (Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation of Canada) is to support Canadians with WM, and their ... International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation (IWMF) https://www.iwmf.com. *The UK charity for Waldenstroms ...
Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Pivotal Study Recruiting * Relapsed or Refractory Select B-Cell Malignancies Clinical Study ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, Multiple Myeloma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Lymphoplasmacytic ... Study of iopofosine in Select B-Cell Malignancies (CLOVER-1) and Pivotal Expansion in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( ...
Ask The Doc! Sleep Apnea And Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Community May 16, 2021 , by Content Admin ... The doctors also touch on Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. what is it? How do you begin treatment? They also touch on the latest ...
... Conference Paper * View record in Web of ... secretion by malignant cells is a characteristic feature of several malignancies including Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), ...
... as the most prevalent somatic mutations in Waldenstroms m ... Landscape of CXCR4 Mutations in Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia ... cxcr4 receptors, genome, mutation, waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, massively-parallel genome sequencing, brachial plexus ... as the most prevalent somatic mutations in Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia (WM). Interestingly, while MYD88 L265P mutation may ... Genomic Landscape of CXCR4 Mutations in Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia. Blood 2014; 124 (21): 1627. doi: https://doi.org/ ...
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia at eMedicine Johansson B, Waldenstrom J, Hasselblom S, Mitelman F (1995). "Waldenstroms ... International Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia Foundation. "Living with Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia". Kyle RA (1998). " ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia~workup at eMedicine National Cancer Institute. Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: Questions and ... Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia~treatment at eMedicine Waldenström J (1991). "To treat or not to treat, this is the real question ...
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia presenting as plasma cell leukemia associated with hyperviscosity syndrome Article Sidebar. ... Objective: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare indolent neoplastic disease characterized by a wide range of clinical ... Conclusion: This is the case report of a patient with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia presenting like plasma cell leukemia in the ... Çiftçiler, R. ., Sağlam, A. ., Aladağ, E. ., & Haznedaroğlu, İbrahim C. . (2019). Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia presenting as ...
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia C88.2 Heavy chain disease C88.3 Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease C88.4 Extranodal ...
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. This is a type of both monoclonal gammopathy and non-Hodgkins lymphoma, a cancer of the lymph ...
  • Thus, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is more specifically referred to as a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma . (osmosis.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a B-cell lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma characterized by monoclonal immunoglobulin M protein in the serum and infiltration of bone marrow with lymphoplasmacytic cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Part A of this study evaluates iopofosine I 131 (CLR 131) in patients with select B-cell malignancies (multiple myeloma( MM), indolent chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL)/Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) who have been previously treated with standard therapy for their underlying malignancy. (cellectar.com)
  • Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is a rare, slow-growing lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (among the "non-Hodgkins" lymphomas). (caringbridge.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is considered a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (sparrow.org)
  • Having a relative who has Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia or another type of B-cell lymphoma might increase your risk. (sparrow.org)
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia , or Waldenstrom syndrome, is a rare type of malignant lymphoma. (osmosis.org)
  • Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia , or Waldenstrom syndrome, is a rare type of malignant lymphoma that's characterized by the overproduction of an antibody called immunoglobulin M , or IgM , in the blood, which can lead to hyperviscosity syndrome and a collection of symptoms including bleeding, visual changes, headaches , and weakness. (osmosis.org)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia is an "indolent lymphoma" (i.e., one that tends to grow and spread slowly) and a type of lymphoproliferative disease which shares clinical characteristics with the indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia is rare type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (healthline.com)
  • Most of the patients in my clinic are blood and bone marrow transplant patients and patients with plasma cell diseases such as multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, POEMS syndrome, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (dukehealth.org)
  • Dr. Steven Treon is the Director of the Bing Center for Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia and an Attending Physician for the Department of Medical Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. (waldenstroms.com)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia is commonly preceded by two clinically asymptomatic but progressively more pre-malignant phases, IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering Waldenström macroglobulinemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pattern of somatic mutations in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia or IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • A patient with Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia had samples sent to Laboratory-1 who found a raised prothrombin time (PT) ratio (3.7), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ratio (1.3), factor (F)V≤1IU/dL, and FVII 18IU/dL. (isth.org)
  • Platton S, McCormick A, Riddell A, Bromidge E, Fenoo C, Moore GW, Boshier C. Variable Findings in One-Stage Clotting Assays in a Patient with Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinaemia [abstract]. (isth.org)
  • 1. Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) (9761/3) is a subset of LPL. (cancer.gov)
  • Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. (medscape.com)
  • If your application for any kind of insurance or Medicare coverage is denied, check to see if the application was made under a diagnosis of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (iwmf.com)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia: 2013 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • Whole-genome sequencing has revealed MYD88 L265P and CXCR4 mutations ( CXCR4 mut ) as the most prevalent somatic mutations in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM). (ashpublications.org)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia: a review of pathogenesis, current treatment, and future prospects. (medscape.com)
  • Now she is working on the pathogenesis of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (waldenstroms.com)
  • As she continues to work with Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, her concentrations are focused on a pathogenesis level. (waldenstroms.com)
  • Dr. Treon's research interests are focused on understanding the genetic basis and pathogenesis of Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM), and the development of targeted therapeutics for this malignancy. (waldenstroms.com)
  • Based on the critical unmet medical need for effective agents with novel mechanisms of action in B-cell malignancies, Cellectar Biosciences has chosen to assess iopofosine in a pivotal expansion cohort in heavily pretreated Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia patients. (cellectar.com)
  • Elevated immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion by malignant cells is a characteristic feature of several malignancies including Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), where elevated IgM is associated with significant morbidity and poor prognosis. (unh.edu)
  • For his clinical and research efforts, Dr. Treon has received awards from various organizations including an ASCO Young Investigator Award, the Robert A. Kyle Award, the Jan Gosta Waldenstrom Lifetime Achievement Award, the Laurie Strauss Leukemia Society Outstanding Cancer Investigator Award, designation as "America's Top Doctor" by U.S. News and World Report, and the "One-Hundred Award" from the Massachusetts General Hospital. (waldenstroms.com)
  • This is the case report of a patient with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia presenting like plasma cell leukemia in the first admission adding to the spectrum of clinical presentations seen in this disease. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia cells make a protein that the body can't use. (sparrow.org)
  • The following signalling pathways have been implicated: CD154/CD40 Akt ubiquitination, p53 activation, cytochrome c release NF-κB WNT/beta-catenin mTOR ERK MAPK Bcl-2 The protein Src tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells compared with control B cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Excessive amounts of IgM M-proteins (monoclonal immunoglobulin protein, which may consist of both heavy and light chains or of only one type of chain) can also accumulate in other disorders, causing manifestations similar to macroglobulinemia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chemotherapy used alone or with other medicines might be the first treatment for people who have symptoms of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. (sparrow.org)
  • Signs and symptoms of Waldenström macroglobulinemia include weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and chronic oozing of blood from the nose and gums. (wikipedia.org)
  • There's no known cure for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, but there are treatments that can help manage its symptoms. (healthline.com)
  • He completed his 2nd season of treatments for Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (WM) in the summer of 2021, and at the close of 2022 many of his white blood cell types still appear to be on a recovery curve--quite a few of these lab results appear to be nearing the edge of what's labeled 'normal' (which coincides with Jim feeling mostly good! (caringbridge.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare indolent neoplastic disease characterized by a wide range of clinical presentations related to the direct tumor infiltration. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • The Waldenström macroglobulinemia spectrum of dysplasias differs from other spectrums of plasma cell dyscrasias in that it involves not only aberrant plasma cells but also aberrant lymphoplasmacytoid cells and that it involves IgM while other plasma dyscrasias involve other antibody isoforms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cancer Care provides free, professional support services for people affected by Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, as well as treatment information and financial help with cancer-related costs. (cancercare.org)
  • In this episode of the "CURE Talks Cancer" podcast, we spoke with Dr. Asher Chanan-Khan about current standards of care for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, as well as a clinical trial looking at a novel therapy. (curetoday.com)
  • In this episode of the " CURE Talks Cancer" podcast, we spoke with Dr. Asher Chanan-Khan about the current standards of care for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, also known as WM. (curetoday.com)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, type of blood cancer that begins in the white blood cells and is a slow-growing cancer of the lymphatic system. (healthwellfoundation.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (mak-roe-glob-u-lih-NEE-me-uh) is a type of cancer that begins in the white blood cells. (sparrow.org)
  • In Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, some white blood cells undergo changes that turn them into cancer cells. (sparrow.org)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia (/ˈvældənstrɒm ˌmækroʊˌɡlɒbjəlɪˈniːmiə/ VAL-dən-strom MAK-roh-GLOB-yə-lin-EE-mee-ə, US also /ˈvɑːldənstrɛm -/ VAHL-dən-strem -⁠) is a type of cancer affecting two types of B cells: lymphoplasmacytoid cells and plasma cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare blood cancer. (healthline.com)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare form of blood cancer. (healthline.com)
  • BCL2 is overexpressed and confers prosurvival signaling in malignant lymphoplasmacytic cells in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). (nih.gov)
  • Macroglobulinemia is a malignant plasma cell disorder in which B cells produce excessive amounts of IgM M-proteins. (msdmanuals.com)
  • After myeloma, macroglobulinemia is the 2nd most common malignant disorder associated with a monoclonal gammopathy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • There are genetic factors, with first-degree relatives of Waldenström macroglobulinemia patients shown to have a highly increased risk of also developing the disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results of studies conducted at the Haematology Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, were published recently in Blood journal and showed that zanubrutinib is a safe and very effective treatment for patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM). (bloodcancerwa.org.au)
  • Zanubrutinib for the treatment of patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: three years of follow-up. (bloodcancerwa.org.au)
  • Some risk factors can make a person more likely to get Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), but often it's not clear exactly how these factors might increase risk. (cancer.org)
  • There is also evidence to suggest that environmental factors, including exposure to farming, pesticides, wood dust, and organic solvents, may influence the development of Waldenström macroglobulinemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia can occur at any age, but it's most often found in adults 70 and older. (sparrow.org)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia is a rare disease, with only about 1,500 cases per year in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
  • If you've been diagnosed with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, you may have a lot of questions about the disease. (healthline.com)
  • Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is a similar disease with secretion of IgM. (snmjournals.org)
  • Oncology social workers help you cope with the emotional and practical challenges of waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. (cancercare.org)
  • Inhibition of Src arrests the cell cycle at phase G1 and has little effect on the survival of Waldenström macroglobulinemia or normal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • MLL1 inhibition reduces IgM levels in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. (mayo.edu)
  • See the International Prognostic Scoring System for Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia calculator. (medscape.com)
  • Kastritis et al developed and validated an updated international prognostic score system for Waldenström macroglobulinemia. (medscape.com)
  • A revised international prognostic score system for Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. (medscape.com)
  • There is a two- to threefold increased risk of Waldenström macroglobulinemia in people with a personal history of autoimmune diseases with autoantibodies, and a particularly elevated risk associated with liver inflammation, human immunodeficiency virus, and rickettsiosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • This adds to the wide variety of clinical presentations of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • Primary therapy of Waldenström macroglobulinemia with bortezomib, dexamethasone, and rituximab: WMCTG clinical trial 05-180. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • The Mission of the WMFC (Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation of Canada) is to support Canadians with WM, and their families, by offering a range of services that can enhance the quality of life for those with WM and ultimately discover a cure. (wmfc.ca)
  • International Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia Foundation, Sarasota, Florida. (lymphomahelp.org)
  • Survival trends in Waldenström macroglobulinemia: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. (medscidiscovery.com)
  • If you've been diagnosed with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, here's what you should know about the survival rates and outlook as you navigate the next steps. (healthline.com)
  • In Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, the changes happen in the white blood cells. (sparrow.org)
  • Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells show only minimal changes in cytogenetic and gene expression studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • MicroRNA-155 regulates the proliferation and growth of Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells in vitro and in vivo, by inhibiting MAPK/ERK, PI3/AKT, and NF-κB pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] In Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells, histone deacetylases and histone-modifying genes are de-regulated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Advances in treatment mean that people are living longer with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. (healthline.com)