Winteraceae
A plant family of the order Magnoliales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. The wood lacks water-conducting cells but has acrid sap. The leaves are gland-dotted, leathery, and smooth-margined. The flowers are small, in clusters, with two to six sepals, petals in two or more series, several stamens, and one to several carpels.
Protective effects of polygodial on gastric mucosal lesions induced by necrotizing agents in rats and the possible mechanisms of action. (1/3)
The effects of polygodial isolated from the leaves of Tasmannia lanceolata on necrotizing agents-induced gastric lesions in rats were compared with capsaicin. Polygodial markedly inhibited the gastric mucosal lesions induced by several necrotizing agents, such as ethanol (ED(50)=0.029 mg/kg, p.o.), 0.6 M HCl (ED(50)=0.26 mg/kg, p.o.), and aspirin (ED(50)=0.38 mg/kg, p.o.), and partly inhibited the gastric mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin, but showed no significant effect on acid output in pylorus-ligated rats at doses of 0.05-0.5 mg/kg. The gastroprotection of polygodial was attenuated by pretreatment with indomethacin (10 mg/kg, s.c.), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (70 mg/kg, i.p.), N-ethylmaleimide (10 mg/kg, s.c.) and ruthenium red (3.5 mg/kg, s.c.). Polygodial (0.2 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the amount of reduced glutathione in gastric mucosa of ethanol-treated group. These results suggested that endogenous prostaglandins, nitric oxide, sulfhydryl compounds and vanilloid receptor-mediated effects are involved in the protective effect of polygodial. (+info)A survey of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer substitution rates across angiosperms: an approximate molecular clock with life history effects. (2/3)
BACKGROUND: A full understanding of the patterns and processes of biological diversification requires the dating of evolutionary events, yet the fossil record is inadequate for most lineages under study. Alternatively, a molecular clock approach, in which DNA or amino acid substitution rates are calibrated with fossils or geological/climatic events, can provide indirect estimates of clade ages and diversification rates. The utility of this approach depends on the rate constancy of molecular evolution at a genetic locus across time and across lineages. Although the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS) is increasingly being used to infer clade ages in plants, little is known about the sources or magnitude of variation in its substitution rate. Here, we systematically review the literature to assess substitution rate variation in nrITS among angiosperms, and we evaluate possible correlates of the variation. RESULTS: We summarize 28 independently calibrated nrITS substitution rates ranging from 0.38 x 10(-9) to 8.34 x 10(-9) substitutions/site/yr. We find that herbaceous lineages have substitution rates almost twice as high as woody plants, on average. We do not find any among-lineage phylogenetic constraint to the rates, or any effect of the type of calibration used. Within life history categories, both the magnitude of the rates and the variance among rates tend to decrease with calibration age. CONCLUSION: Angiosperm nrITS substitution rates vary by approximately an order of magnitude, and some of this variation can be attributed to life history categories. We make cautious recommendations for the use of nrITS as an approximate plant molecular clock, including an outline of more appropriate phylogenetic methodology and caveats against over interpretation of results. We also suggest that for lineages with independent calibrations, much of the variation in nrITS substitution rates may come from uncertainty in calibration date estimates, highlighting the importance of accurate and/or multiple calibration dates. (+info)Growth inhibition of human colon carcinoma cells by sesquiterpenoids and tetralones of Zygogynum calothyrsum. (3/3)
(+info)Winteraceae is a small, ancient family of aromatic trees and shrubs, characterized by their unique wood anatomy, distinctive floral structure with numerous tepals, and seeds without endosperm, primarily found in the humid forests of Southeast Asia, Central America, and South America.
I apologize for any confusion, but "Winteraceae" is not a medical term. It is actually the name of a family of flowering plants, also known as the winter's bark family. This family includes around 80 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, mostly native to tropical regions in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in Australasia, Southeast Asia, and Central America.
If you have any medical terms or concepts that you would like me to define or explain, please let me know!
Winteraceae
Chilean Winteraceae Chileflora Media related to Winteraceae at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Winteraceae at Wikispecies ( ... Stevens, P.F. "Winteraceae". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. "Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl. , Plants of the World Online , Kew ... but the association of these fossils with Winteraceae is uncertain. Oldest unambiguous Winteraceae fossils are from the middle ... resulting in basal placement of the Winteraceae. However, molecular phylogenetic work placed Winteraceae within the Magnoliids ...
Pseudowintera traversii
Like all Winteraceae species, P. traversii lacks vessels in its xylem Growth habit Underside of leaves A specimen from the ... Heenan, P. B.; de Lange, P. J. (2006). "Pseudowintera insperata (Winteraceae), an overlooked and rare new species from northern ... Pseudowintera traversii, sometimes called Travers horopito, is a species of woody shrub in the family Winteraceae. The specific ... Sampson, F. B. (1980). "Natural hybridism in Pseudowintera (Winteraceae)". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 18 (1): 43-51. doi: ...
List of early-diverging flowering plant families
IPNI, Winteraceae, Type. Vink 1993, p. 637. POWO, Winteraceae. Christenhusz, Fay & Chase 2017, p. 96. Vink 1993, p. 630. ... ISBN 3-540-55509-9. Vink, W. (1993). "Winteraceae". In Kubitzki, K.; Rohwer, J. G.; Bittrich, V. (eds.). The Families and ...
Pseudowintera
Winteraceae are magnoliids, associated with the humid Antarctic flora of the southern hemisphere. Horopito can be chewed for a ... Pseudowintera is a genus of woody evergreen flowering trees and shrubs, part of family Winteraceae. The species of ... Winteraceae), an overlooked and rare new species from northern New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 44 (1): 89-98. doi: ... "Winteraceae". BIOL226C Flora of New Zealand. Hamilton, New Zealand: University of Waikato. Retrieved 6 February 2018. ...
APG IV system
Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons. Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl Saururaceae Rich. ex T.Lestib., nom. cons. Piperaceae ...
APG III system
Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl. Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl Aristolochiaceae Juss. Hydnoraceae C.Agardh Lactoridaceae Engl. ...
Reveal system
Winteraceae order 2. Canellales family 1. Canellaceae order 3. Illiciales family 1. Illiciaceae family 2. Schisandraceae order ...
Pseudowintera axillaris
As a result, the Winteraceae family has managed to adapt with an efficient built-in defence mechanism of a compound called ... It has many distinguishing features that can identify it from other Winteraceae species. Growing up to 8 metres tall and a ... Included within the family of Winteraceae where many of these plant species are found in Southern North America, and temperate ... The Pseudowintera axillaris, or Lowland Horopito, is one of four Winteraceae species, endemic to New Zealand. ...
List of food origins
Winteraceae) Muntries (Kunzea pomifera; Myrtaceae) Native cherry (Exocarpus cupressiformis; Santalaceae) Native currant ( ...
Nepenthes ampullaria
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes stenophylla
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes burbidgeae
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes × harryana
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes reinwardtiana
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes × alisaputrana
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes × kinabaluensis
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes gracilis
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes edwardsiana
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes rafflesiana
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes macrovulgaris
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes lowii
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes tentaculata
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes rajah
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes mirabilis
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes villosa
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Nepenthes fusca
The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota ...
Zygogynum
... is a genus of plant in the winter's bark family Winteraceae. 19 species are native to New Caledonia, and are ... Vink, W. (1985). The Winteraceae of the Old World. V. Exospermum links Bubbia to Zygogynum. Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and ... Pellmyr, O.; Thien, L. B.; Bergström, G.; Groth, I. (1990). "Pollination of New Caledonian Winteraceae: Opportunistic shifts or ...
Mount Kinabalu
5: Dicotyledon families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. xiv + 609 pp + 40 pl. Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo ...
Timothy John Entwisle
Vol.3, Dicotyledons: Winteraceae to Myrtaceae". Melbourne: Inkata Press. N.G.Walsh; T.J. Entwisle, eds. (1999). "Flora of ...
Tasmannia piperita
... is a species of shrubs or treelets belonging to the Winter's bark family (Winteraceae) and native to Borneo ... Vink, Wim (1970). "The Winteraceae of the Old World. I. Pseudowintera and Drimys - Morphology and taxonomy". Blumea - ...
Winteraceae - Wikipedia
Chilean Winteraceae Chileflora Media related to Winteraceae at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Winteraceae at Wikispecies ( ... Stevens, P.F. "Winteraceae". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. "Winteraceae R.Br. ex Lindl. , Plants of the World Online , Kew ... but the association of these fossils with Winteraceae is uncertain. Oldest unambiguous Winteraceae fossils are from the middle ... resulting in basal placement of the Winteraceae. However, molecular phylogenetic work placed Winteraceae within the Magnoliids ...
Drimys, Pseudowintera | WINTERACEAE: BoDD
Drimys granadensis WINTERACEAE
Bubbia sp WINTERACEAE
Evolution of the genera Vitex (Lamiaceae) and Zygogynum (Winteraceae) on New Caledonia
Further investigation of biogeography within the Winteraceae revealed that Zealandic Winteraceae share their common ancestor ... Evolution of the genera Vitex (Lamiaceae) and Zygogynum (Winteraceae) on New Caledonia. Pratt, Steven John ... Pratt, S. J. (2013). Evolution of the genera Vitex (Lamiaceae) and Zygogynum (Winteraceae) on New Caledonia (Thesis, Master of ... The second aspect investigated New Caledonian Winteraceae focussing on two research aims. The first aim scrutinised the New ...
Generic relationships and dating of lineages in Winteraceae based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid (rpS16 and psbA-trnH) sequence...
Generic relationships and dating of lineages in Winteraceae based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid (rpS16 and psbA-trnH) sequence ... Estimates suggest that the earliest divergences within Winteraceae could have predated the first events of Gondwana ... Phylogenetic analyses of representative species from the five genera of Winteraceae (Drimys Pseudowintera Takhtajania Tasmannia ...
Description and images of Drimys winteri (Canelo , Fuñe , Boighe , Boique), a native Chilean plant, provided by the...
Musk-weed, Muskweed, Musk weed, Mitre-cress, Mitre Cress, Bird's Eye Cress, Bird's-eye Cress, Dog Mustard, Myagrum - Weeds...
Flora of The World - Flora
Pachygone - Wikispecies
Pachygone ovata - Wikispecies
From tree to architecture: how functional morphology of arborescence connects plant biology, evolution and physics |...
PlantNET - FloraOnline
Order Magnoliales - Plants @ Thewebsiteofeverything.com
Mesembryanthemum spp.
Flora of Australia - DCCEEW
UConn Biodiversity Conservatory Collections native to Chile South
The 1823 MacIntosh and Degraves Shilling | Sterling & Currency
Nepenthes - Wikipedia
The trap contains a fluid of the plants own production, which may be watery or more viscous, and is used to drown the prey. This fluid contains viscoelastic biopolymers that may be crucial to the retention of insects within the traps of many species. The viscoelastic fluid in pitchers is especially effective in the retention of winged insects.[6] The trapping efficiency of this fluid remains high, even when significantly diluted by water, as inevitably happens in wet conditions.[7] The lower part of the trap contains glands which absorb nutrients from captured prey. Along the upper inside part of the trap is a slick, waxy coating which makes the escape of its prey nearly impossible. Surrounding the entrance to the trap is a structure called the peristome (the "lip"), which is slippery and often quite colorful, attracting prey, but offering an unsure footing. The prey-capture effectiveness of the peristome is further enhanced in moist environments, where condensation may cause a thin water film ...
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DeCS 2011 - versão 22 de dezembro de 2011
DeCS 2010 - February 12, 2010 version
Drimys3
- Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and psbA-trnH genetic loci confirmed the monophyly and position of Takhtajania, Tasmannia, Drimys, and Pseudowintera within the Winteraceae. (waikato.ac.nz)
- Phylogenetic analyses of representative species from the five genera of Winteraceae (Drimys Pseudowintera Takhtajania Tasmannia and Zygogynum s.l.) were performed using ITS nuclear sequences and a combined data-set of ITS + psbA-trnH + rpS16 sequences (sampling of 30 and 15 species respectively). (lianaecologyproject.com)
- A main component of the former is the southern beech Nothfagus betuloides , and the white-flowered Drimys winteri (in the Winteraceae family). (future.edu)
Genera1
- Winteraceae is a primitive family of tropical trees and shrubs including 93 species in five genera. (wikipedia.org)
Platanaceae1
- Pp. 362-386 in Flora of Australia, Vol. 2, Winteraceae to Platanaceae. (wikimedia.org)
Magnoliids1
- However, molecular phylogenetic work placed Winteraceae within the Magnoliids, well within the angiosperms. (wikipedia.org)
Taxa1
- Further investigation of biogeography within the Winteraceae revealed that Zealandic Winteraceae share their common ancestor with South American taxa, reflecting the Gondwanic roots of this family, with Australian Bubbia having originated from New Caledonian Zygogynum. (waikato.ac.nz)
Zygogynum1
- The second aim was to assess any major morphological trends within Zygogynum s.l. and biogeographic patterns within the Winteraceae. (waikato.ac.nz)
Family3
- Pollen samples found in Gabon may indicate that the family is at least 120 million years old, but the association of these fossils with Winteraceae is uncertain. (wikipedia.org)
- Members of the family Winteraceae are trees or shrubs. (wikipedia.org)
- Winteraceae - The Winteraceae are a family of flowering plants. (thewebsiteofeverything.com)
Gondwana2
- Through the fossil pollen record, it is hypothesized that Winteraceae moved from Northern Gondwana through Southern Gondwana in the Cretaceous. (wikipedia.org)
- Estimates suggest that the earliest divergences within Winteraceae could have predated the first events of Gondwana fragmentation. (lianaecologyproject.com)
Chile1
- About 5 Winteraceae in Chile and 2 in our data base. (chileflora.com)
Flowering plants1
- Equally characteristic is Winteraceae wood, which lacks xylem vessels in contrast to most other flowering plants. (wikipedia.org)
Wood4
- Winteraceae was initially placed as a basal group within the Angiosperms due to its vesselless wood. (wikipedia.org)
- Xylem vessels were seen as an important evolved character for the diversification and success of Angiosperms, so vesselless wood was seen as an archaic trait, resulting in basal placement of the Winteraceae. (wikipedia.org)
- This placement suggests that the vesselless wood of the Winteraceae was a derived character rather than ancestral. (wikipedia.org)
- This movement from hot humid environments to temperature humid environments where freeze-thaw events occurred is seen as the evolutionary pressure behind the unique reversion to vesselless wood in Winteraceae. (wikipedia.org)
Species2
- Winteraceae is a primitive family of tropical trees and shrubs including 93 species in five genera. (wikipedia.org)
- Here we investigate tetrads and pollen features of 20 different Winteraceae species, most of them belonging to the early-diverging generic lineages Tasmannia, Drimysand Pseudowintera. (fridgeirgrimsson.com)
Lindl1
- Winteraceae Lindl. (aquariana.cz)
South Africa1
- As a case study, early Miocene Winteraceae tetrads from South Africa are re-examined and formally described. (fridgeirgrimsson.com)
Tetrads1
- Being one of few angiosperms forming persistent tetrads with prominent sculpturing, pollen of Winteraceae is rare but easy to identify in the fossil record. (wikipedia.org)
Flora1
- Pp. 362-386 in Flora of Australia, Vol. 2, Winteraceae to Platanaceae. (wikimedia.org)
Pollen1
- Through the fossil pollen record, it is hypothesized that Winteraceae moved from Northern Gondwana through Southern Gondwana in the Cretaceous. (wikipedia.org)
Angiosperms2
- Winteraceae was initially placed as a basal group within the Angiosperms due to its vesselless wood. (wikipedia.org)
- Xylem vessels were seen as an important evolved character for the diversification and success of Angiosperms, so vesselless wood was seen as an archaic trait, resulting in basal placement of the Winteraceae. (wikipedia.org)