Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)
A delicate membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord. It lies between the PIA MATER and the DURA MATER. It is separated from the pia mater by the subarachnoid cavity which is filled with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID.
Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by an EPITHELIUM. Cysts can be of normal, abnormal, non-neoplastic, or neoplastic tissues.
Longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord, most often in the cervical region, which may extend for multiple spinal levels. The cavities are lined by dense, gliogenous tissue and may be associated with SPINAL CORD NEOPLASMS; spinal cord traumatic injuries; and vascular malformations. Syringomyelia is marked clinically by pain and PARESTHESIA, muscular atrophy of the hands, and analgesia with thermoanesthesia of the hands and arms, but with the tactile sense preserved (sensory dissociation). Lower extremity spasticity and incontinence may also develop. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1269)
Potential cavity which separates the ARACHNOID MATER from the DURA MATER.
Acute or chronic inflammation of the arachnoid membrane of the meninges most often involving the spinal cord or base of the brain. This term generally refers to a persistent inflammatory process characterized by thickening of the ARACHNOID membrane and dural adhesions. Associated conditions include prior surgery, infections, trauma, SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, and chemical irritation. Clinical features vary with the site of inflammation, but include cranial neuropathies, radiculopathies, and myelopathies. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch48, p25)
Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo progressive enlargement.
The space between the arachnoid membrane and PIA MATER, filled with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID. It contains large blood vessels that supply the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD.
The compartment containing the anterior extremities and half the inferior surface of the temporal lobes (TEMPORAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. Lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, ANTERIOR), it is formed by part of the TEMPORAL BONE and SPHENOID BONE. It is separated from the posterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR) by crests formed by the superior borders of the petrous parts of the temporal bones.
Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE between the DURA MATER and the arachnoidal layer of the MENINGES. This condition primarily occurs over the surface of a CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE, but may develop in the spinal canal (HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL, SPINAL). Subdural hematoma can be classified as the acute or the chronic form, with immediate or delayed symptom onset, respectively. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.
The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE.
The large hole at the base of the skull through which the SPINAL CORD passes.
Any operation on the cranium or incision into the cranium. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Leakage and accumulation of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID in the subdural space which may be associated with an infectious process; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; and other conditions.
Liquid material found in epithelial-lined closed cavities or sacs.
The outermost of the three MENINGES, a fibrous membrane of connective tissue that covers the brain and the spinal cord.
Surgery performed on the nervous system or its parts.
The body region between (and flanking) the SACRUM and COCCYX.
Acute and chronic conditions characterized by external mechanical compression of the SPINAL CORD due to extramedullary neoplasm; EPIDURAL ABSCESS; SPINAL FRACTURES; bony deformities of the vertebral bodies; and other conditions. Clinical manifestations vary with the anatomic site of the lesion and may include localized pain, weakness, sensory loss, incontinence, and impotence.
Protrusion of tissue, structure, or part of an organ through the bone, muscular tissue, or the membrane by which it is normally contained. Hernia may involve tissues such as the ABDOMINAL WALL or the respiratory DIAPHRAGM. Hernias may be internal, external, congenital, or acquired.
Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.
PROCEDURES that use NEUROENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Neuroendoscopy, generally an integration of the neuroendoscope with a computer-assisted NEURONAVIGATION system, provides guidance in NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES.
Radiography of the ventricular system of the brain after injection of air or other contrast medium directly into the cerebral ventricles. It is used also for x-ray computed tomography of the cerebral ventricles.
A surgical operation for the relief of pressure in a body compartment or on a body part. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the OVARY.
A surgical procedure that entails removing all (laminectomy) or part (laminotomy) of selected vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the SPINAL CORD and/or SPINAL NERVE ROOTS. Vertebral lamina is the thin flattened posterior wall of vertebral arch that forms the vertebral foramen through which pass the spinal cord and nerve roots.
An inert iodine-containing agent which is opaque to X-RAYS. It is used mainly for BRAIN and SPINAL CORD visualization.
Pathologic conditions which feature SPINAL CORD damage or dysfunction, including disorders involving the meninges and perimeningeal spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, infections, and inflammatory/autoimmune processes may affect the spinal cord.
The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.
Tubes inserted to create communication between a cerebral ventricle and the internal jugular vein. Their emplacement permits draining of cerebrospinal fluid for relief of hydrocephalus or other condition leading to fluid accumulation in the ventricles.
Neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, and other diseases of the hypothalamus. Clinical manifestations include appetite disorders; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; SLEEP DISORDERS; behavioral symptoms related to dysfunction of the LIMBIC SYSTEM; and neuroendocrine disorders.
Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin granules.
One of three principal openings in the SUBARACHNOID SPACE. They are also known as cerebellomedullary cistern, and collectively as cisterns.
The dense rock-like part of temporal bone that contains the INNER EAR. Petrous bone is located at the base of the skull. Sometimes it is combined with the MASTOID PROCESS and called petromastoid part of temporal bone.
A compulsion to set fires.
A bony prominence situated on the upper surface of the body of the sphenoid bone. It houses the PITUITARY GLAND.
Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranium which may be associated with dilation of cerebral ventricles, INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; HEADACHE; lethargy; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and ATAXIA.
The removal of a circular disk of the cranium.
Accumulation of blood in the SUBDURAL SPACE with delayed onset of neurological symptoms. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, severe HEADACHE, and deteriorating mental status.
Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Surgical creation of a communication between a cerebral ventricle and the peritoneum by means of a plastic tube to permit drainage of cerebrospinal fluid for relief of hydrocephalus. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.
Injury following pressure changes; includes injury to the eustachian tube, ear drum, lung and stomach.
A congenital or acquired protrusion of the meninges, unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the skull or vertebral column.
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.
The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.
I must apologize, but "Ireland" is not a term that has a medical definition to the best of my knowledge and medical databases. It is a country located in Northern Europe, known for its lush green landscapes, rich history, and distinctive culture. If you have any medical terms or concepts you would like me to define, I'd be happy to help!
A state in south central Australia. Its capital is Adelaide. It was probably first visited by F. Thyssen in 1627. Later discoveries in 1802 and 1830 opened up the southern part. It became a British province in 1836 with this self-descriptive name and became a state in 1901. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p1135)
A subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with the study of inflammatory or degenerative processes and metabolic derangement of connective tissue structures which pertain to a variety of musculoskeletal disorders, such as arthritis.

Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis associated with frontotemporal arachnoid cyst--case report. (1/167)

A 17-year-old male presented with paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis (PKC) associated with frontotemporal arachnoid cyst. Xenon-133 single photon emission computed tomography detected a slight but equivocal decrease in regional cerebral blood flow in the vicinity of basal ganglia associated with the PKC episodes. PKC continued after surgical removal of the cyst but was well controlled by oral administration of carbamazepine. Whether the pathogenesis of symptomatic PKC was associated with the cortical lesion could not be determined in the present case.  (+info)

Heading injury precipitating subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cysts--two case reports. (2/167)

A 14-year-old boy and a 11-year-old boy presented with subdural hematomas as complications of preexisting arachnoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa, manifesting as symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Both had a history of heading the ball in a soccer game about 7 weeks and 2 days before the symptom occurred. There was no other head trauma, so these cases could be described as "heading injury." Arachnoid cysts in the middle cranial fossa are often associated with subdural hematomas. We emphasize that mild trauma such as heading of the ball in a soccer game may cause subdural hematomas in patients with arachnoid cysts.  (+info)

Lumbosacral extradural arachnoid cysts: diagnostic and indication for surgery. (3/167)

No critical discussion of the indication for the surgical treatment of lumbosacral extradural arachnoid cysts is found in the literature. Therefore, we want to compare the results in patients with operative and conservative treatment to define standards for a good surgical result. Over a period of 9 years, we operated on eight patients with a lumbosacral extradural arachnoid cyst and treated eight others conservatively. Only three of the operated patients experienced a postoperative relief of pain, but none was symptom free. The only one with continuing success had a preoperative history of 1 year only. MRI scans without contrast agent were misinterpreted in one included and one excluded case. The results of conservative treatment were nearly the same as those of operative treatment. MRI is the best diagnostic tool, but a variety of sequences must be used. Patients with a short pain history and a clear neurological deficit profited most from surgery. Patients with slight and not clearly related uncharacteristic symptoms should be excluded from surgery.  (+info)

Intracerebral cystic meningioma--case report. (4/167)

A 46-year-old female presented with persistent bifrontal headache. Computed tomography revealed a large cystic tumor in the right temporoparietal area, which included a solid component. The tumor had no attachment to the dura. There was no peritumoral edema or mass effect usually found around cystic meningiomas. The solid component was totally removed. Histological examination indicated that the tumor was a fibrous meningioma. Intracerebral meningioma with a large cystic component without dural attachment should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic cerebral tumors.  (+info)

Intracystic hemorrhage of the middle fossa arachnoid cyst and subdural hematoma caused by ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm. (5/167)

We report a case of a cerebral aneurysm arising from the bifurcation of the left middle cerebral artery that ruptured into a left middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst, associated with acute subdural hematoma. We discuss the relationships of aneurysm, arachnoid cyst, and subdural hematoma.  (+info)

The role of endoscopic fenestration procedures for cerebral arachnoid cysts. (6/167)

Recently, endoscopic procedures have been recommended as the first surgical option for cerebral arachnoid cyst (AC). The author reports seven ACs treated endoscopically and discuss the role of endoscopic fenestration. The age of the patients ranged from two to 62 years. Three ACs were located in the posterior cranial fossa, two in the suprasellar area, one in the middle cranial fossa, and one in the convexity. All cases were examined by cine magnetic resonance (MR) flow study. The patient's symptoms included headache, vomiting, dizziness, problems in balance, visual disturbance, and seizure. The author performed a cysto-cisternostomy or cysto-ventriculostomy via a single burr hole. The follow-up periods ranged from six to 18 months. There was no mortality or morbidity except one case of intracisternal bleeding during endoscopic procedure. Symptoms were relieved in all seven patients. Follow-up imaging studies revealed a decrease in the size or disappearance of the cysts. The results support that the minimal fenestration procedure as possibly as preserving the internal environment is valuable for the management of ACs.  (+info)

Neurodevelopmental outcome after antenatal diagnosis of posterior fossa abnormalities. (7/167)

Posterior fossa abnormalities are sonographically diagnosable in the fetus. Anomalies of this region include Dandy-Walker malformation, enlarged cisterna magna, and arachnoid cyst. Despite prenatal diagnosis, the uncertainties related to natural history and neurodevelopmental outcome in survivors make patient counseling difficult. The purposes of this study were to determine the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of these lesions and elucidate long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in survivors in prenatally diagnosed posterior fossa abnormalities. Fifteen cases of posterior fossa abnormalities were reviewed. Antenatal diagnoses of Dandy-Walker malformation was made in 13 of these cases, arachnoid cyst in one case, and enlarged cisterna magna in one case. Hydrocephalus was present in 66% of patients. The sonographic diagnosis was concordant with the pathologic or neonatal radiologic diagnosis in 13 of 15 cases. Seven fetuses (47%) exhibited additional cranial or extracranial anomalies. A karyotypic abnormality (trisomy 18) was found in one of 15 cases of posterior fossa abnormalities. Neurodevelopmental delay was present in 80% of survivors with follow-up study to 4 years of age. Prenatal diagnosis of posterior fossa abnormalities is highly accurate, yet the differential diagnosis can be challenging. Cognitive and psychomotor developmental delays remain commonplace despite early diagnosis and treatment. The approach with families in cases of prenatal diagnosis of posterior fossa abnormalities should include a search for additional central nervous system and extra-central nervous system anomalies in the fetus and counseling of parents regarding potential adverse outcome for survivors.  (+info)

Dandy-Walker syndrome successfully treated with cystoperitoneal shunting--case report. (8/167)

A neonate presented with Dandy-Walker syndrome manifesting as a large posterior cranial fossa cyst, aplasia of the lower cerebellar vermis, and elevation of the confluence of the sinuses but without hydrocephalus. A cystoperitoneal shunt was placed at one month after birth. The cyst diminished in size, and marked development of the cerebellar hemispheres and descent of the confluence of sinuses were observed, but not vermis development. The primary pathology of Dandy-Walker syndrome is posterior cranial fossa cyst formation due to passage obstruction in the fourth ventricle exit area and aplasia of the lower cerebellar vermis. The first choice of treatment in patients with Dandy-Walker syndrome in whom the cerebral aqueduct is open is cystoperitoneal shunt surgery, regardless of the presence or absence of hydrocephalus.  (+info)

An Arachnoid cyst is a type of abnormal fluid-filled sac that develops between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane, which is one of the three layers that cover and protect the central nervous system. These cysts are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is the same fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord.

Arachnoid cysts can vary in size and may be present at birth or develop later in life due to trauma, infection, or other factors. While many arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic and do not cause any problems, larger cysts or those that grow or shift over time can put pressure on the brain or spinal cord, leading to a range of neurological symptoms such as headaches, seizures, hearing or vision changes, balance or coordination difficulties, and cognitive impairments.

Treatment for arachnoid cysts depends on their size, location, and associated symptoms. In some cases, observation and monitoring may be sufficient, while in others, surgical intervention may be necessary to drain the cyst or create a connection between it and the surrounding CSF space to relieve pressure.

The arachnoid is one of the three membranes that cover the brain and the spinal cord, known as the meninges. It is located between the dura mater (the outermost layer) and the pia mater (the innermost layer). The arachnoid is a thin, delicate membrane that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid, which provides protection and nutrition to the central nervous system.

The arachnoid has a spider-web like appearance, hence its name, and it is composed of several layers of collagen fibers and elastic tissue. It is highly vascularized, meaning that it contains many blood vessels, and it plays an important role in regulating the flow of cerebrospinal fluid around the brain and spinal cord.

In some cases, the arachnoid can become inflamed or irritated, leading to a condition called arachnoiditis. This can cause a range of symptoms, including pain, muscle weakness, and sensory changes, and it may require medical treatment to manage.

A cyst is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division between the sac and its surrounding tissue, that contains fluid, air, or semisolid material. Cysts can occur in various parts of the body, including the skin, internal organs, and bones. They can be caused by various factors, such as infection, genetic predisposition, or blockage of a duct or gland. Some cysts may cause symptoms, such as pain or discomfort, while others may not cause any symptoms at all. Treatment for cysts depends on the type and location of the cyst, as well as whether it is causing any problems. Some cysts may go away on their own, while others may need to be drained or removed through a surgical procedure.

Syringomyelia is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled cavity or cavities (syrinx) within the spinal cord. This syrinx can lead to various symptoms depending on its size and location, which may include pain, muscle weakness, numbness, and stiffness in the neck, back, shoulders, arms, or legs. In some cases, it may also affect bladder and bowel function, sexual performance, and the ability to maintain normal body temperature. Syringomyelia is often associated with Chiari malformation, a condition where the lower part of the brain extends into the spinal canal. However, other conditions such as spinal cord injuries, tumors, or infections may also cause syringomyelia.

The subdural space is a potential space between the dura mater, which is the outermost of the three meninges covering the brain and spinal cord, and the arachnoid mater, which is the middle meningeal layer. This space normally contains a thin film of fluid, but when it becomes filled with blood (subdural hematoma) or pus (subdural empyema), it can cause significant neurological problems due to increased pressure on the brain. The subdural space can also become widened in certain conditions such as dementia or hydrocephalus, leading to a condition called subdural hygroma.

Arachnoiditis is a medical condition that affects the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). The arachnoid becomes inflamed, often as a result of infection, direct injury, or complications from spinal surgery or chronic exposure to irritants such as steroids or contrast dyes.

The inflammation can cause the formation of scar tissue, which can lead to a variety of symptoms including:

1. Chronic pain in the back, legs, or arms
2. Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs
3. Muscle cramps and spasms
4. Bladder and bowel dysfunction
5. Sexual dysfunction

In severe cases, arachnoiditis can cause permanent nerve damage and disability. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, as there is no cure for the condition.

Central nervous system (CNS) cysts are abnormal fluid-filled sacs that develop in the brain or spinal cord. These cysts can be congenital, meaning they are present at birth and develop as a result of abnormal embryonic development, or they can be acquired later in life due to injury, infection, or disease.

CNS cysts can vary in size and may cause symptoms depending on their location and the amount of pressure they place on surrounding brain or spinal cord tissue. Symptoms may include headaches, seizures, weakness, numbness, or difficulty with coordination and balance. In some cases, CNS cysts may not cause any symptoms and may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies performed for other reasons.

There are several types of CNS cysts, including:

1. Arachnoid cysts: These are the most common type of CNS cyst and occur between the layers of the arachnoid membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
2. Colloid cysts: These cysts typically develop at the junction of the third and fourth ventricles in the brain and can obstruct the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to increased intracranial pressure.
3. Ependymal cysts: These cysts arise from the ependymal cells that line the ventricular system of the brain and can cause symptoms by compressing surrounding brain tissue.
4. Neuroglial cysts: These cysts are composed of glial cells, which support and protect nerve cells in the CNS.
5. Pineal cysts: These cysts develop in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland located near the center of the brain.

Treatment for CNS cysts depends on their size, location, and symptoms. In some cases, observation and monitoring may be all that is necessary. However, if the cyst is causing significant symptoms or is at risk of rupturing or obstructing CSF flow, surgical intervention may be required to remove or reduce the size of the cyst.

The subarachnoid space is the area between the arachnoid mater and pia mater, which are two of the three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (the third one being the dura mater). This space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which provides protection and cushioning to the central nervous system. The subarachnoid space also contains blood vessels that supply the brain and spinal cord with oxygen and nutrients. It's important to note that subarachnoid hemorrhage, a type of stroke, can occur when there is bleeding into this space.

The middle cranial fossa is a depression or hollow in the skull that forms the upper and central portion of the cranial cavity. It is located between the anterior cranial fossa (which lies anteriorly) and the posterior cranial fossa (which lies posteriorly). The middle cranial fossa contains several important structures, including the temporal lobes of the brain, the pituitary gland, the optic chiasm, and the cavernous sinuses. It is also where many of the cranial nerves pass through on their way to the brain.

The middle cranial fossa can be further divided into two parts: the anterior and posterior fossae. The anterior fossa contains the optic chiasm and the pituitary gland, while the posterior fossa contains the temporal lobes of the brain and the cavernous sinuses.

The middle cranial fossa is formed by several bones of the skull, including the sphenoid bone, the temporal bone, and the parietal bone. The shape and size of the middle cranial fossa can vary from person to person, and abnormalities in its structure can be associated with various medical conditions, such as pituitary tumors or aneurysms.

A subdural hematoma is a type of hematoma (a collection of blood) that occurs between the dura mater, which is the outermost protective covering of the brain, and the brain itself. It is usually caused by bleeding from the veins located in this potential space, often as a result of a head injury or trauma.

Subdural hematomas can be classified as acute, subacute, or chronic based on their rate of symptom progression and the time course of their appearance on imaging studies. Acute subdural hematomas typically develop and cause symptoms rapidly, often within hours of the head injury. Subacute subdural hematomas have a more gradual onset of symptoms, which can occur over several days to a week after the trauma. Chronic subdural hematomas may take weeks to months to develop and are often seen in older adults or individuals with chronic alcohol abuse, even after minor head injuries.

Symptoms of a subdural hematoma can vary widely depending on the size and location of the hematoma, as well as the patient's age and overall health. Common symptoms include headache, altered mental status, confusion, memory loss, weakness or numbness, seizures, and in severe cases, coma or even death. Treatment typically involves surgical evacuation of the hematoma, along with management of any underlying conditions that may have contributed to its development.

The posterior cranial fossa is a term used in anatomy to refer to the portion of the skull that forms the lower, back part of the cranial cavity. It is located between the occipital bone and the temporal bones, and it contains several important structures including the cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata, and the lower cranial nerves (IX-XII). The posterior fossa also contains the foramen magnum, which is a large opening through which the spinal cord connects to the brainstem. This region of the skull is protected by the occipital bone, which forms the base of the skull and provides attachment for several neck muscles.

The foramen magnum is the largest opening in the human skull, located at the base of the skull, through which the spinal cord connects to the brain. It is a crucial structure for the transmission of nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body. The foramen magnum also provides passage for blood vessels that supply the brainstem and upper spinal cord.

A craniotomy is a surgical procedure where a bone flap is temporarily removed from the skull to access the brain. This procedure is typically performed to treat various neurological conditions, such as brain tumors, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, or traumatic brain injuries. After the underlying brain condition is addressed, the bone flap is usually replaced and secured back in place with plates and screws. The purpose of a craniotomy is to provide access to the brain for diagnostic or therapeutic interventions while minimizing potential damage to surrounding tissues.

A subdural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the potential space between the dura mater (the outermost layer of the meninges that covers the brain and spinal cord) and the arachnoid membrane (one of the three layers of the meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord) in the subdural space.

Subdural effusions can occur due to various reasons, including head trauma, infection, or complications from neurosurgical procedures. The fluid accumulation may result from bleeding (subdural hematoma), inflammation, or increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Depending on the underlying cause and the amount of fluid accumulated, subdural effusions can cause various symptoms, such as headaches, altered mental status, or neurological deficits.

Subdural effusions are often asymptomatic and may resolve independently; however, in some cases, medical intervention might be necessary to alleviate the pressure on the brain or address the underlying condition. Imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are typically used to diagnose and monitor subdural effusions.

Cyst fluid refers to the fluid accumulated within a cyst, which is a closed sac-like or capsular structure, typically filled with liquid or semi-solid material. Cysts can develop in various parts of the body for different reasons, and the composition of cyst fluid may vary depending on the type of cyst and its location.

In some cases, cyst fluid might contain proteins, sugars, hormones, or even cells from the surrounding tissue. Infected cysts may have pus-like fluid, while cancerous or precancerous cysts might contain abnormal cells or tumor markers. The analysis of cyst fluid can help medical professionals diagnose and manage various medical conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, genetic disorders, and cancers.

It is important to note that the term 'cyst fluid' generally refers to the liquid content within a cyst, but the specific composition and appearance of this fluid may vary significantly depending on the underlying cause and type of cyst.

Dura Mater is the thickest and outermost of the three membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord. It provides protection and support to these delicate structures. The other two layers are called the Arachnoid Mater and the Pia Mater, which are thinner and more delicate than the Dura Mater. Together, these three layers form a protective barrier around the central nervous system.

Neurosurgical procedures are operations that are performed on the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. These procedures are typically carried out by neurosurgeons, who are medical doctors with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system. Neurosurgical procedures can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including traumatic injuries, tumors, aneurysms, vascular malformations, infections, degenerative diseases, and congenital abnormalities.

Some common types of neurosurgical procedures include:

* Craniotomy: A procedure in which a bone flap is temporarily removed from the skull to gain access to the brain. This type of procedure may be performed to remove a tumor, repair a blood vessel, or relieve pressure on the brain.
* Spinal fusion: A procedure in which two or more vertebrae in the spine are fused together using bone grafts and metal hardware. This is often done to stabilize the spine and alleviate pain caused by degenerative conditions or spinal deformities.
* Microvascular decompression: A procedure in which a blood vessel that is causing pressure on a nerve is repositioned or removed. This type of procedure is often used to treat trigeminal neuralgia, a condition that causes severe facial pain.
* Deep brain stimulation: A procedure in which electrodes are implanted in specific areas of the brain and connected to a battery-operated device called a neurostimulator. The neurostimulator sends electrical impulses to the brain to help alleviate symptoms of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease or dystonia.
* Stereotactic radiosurgery: A non-invasive procedure that uses focused beams of radiation to treat tumors, vascular malformations, and other abnormalities in the brain or spine. This type of procedure is often used for patients who are not good candidates for traditional surgery due to age, health status, or location of the lesion.

Neurosurgical procedures can be complex and require a high degree of skill and expertise. Patients considering neurosurgical treatment should consult with a qualified neurosurgeon to discuss their options and determine the best course of action for their individual situation.

The sacrococcygeal region is the lower part of the back where the spine ends, specifically referring to the area where the sacrum (a triangular bone at the base of the spine formed by the fusion of several vertebrae) meets the coccyx (also known as the tailbone). This region is located at the very bottom of the spine and is susceptible to injury or trauma due to its position and role in supporting the body's weight. It is also a common site for birth defects, particularly in newborns.

Spinal cord compression is a medical condition that refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal, which puts pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that branch out from it. This can occur due to various reasons such as degenerative changes in the spine, herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or fractures. The compression can lead to a range of symptoms including pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or loss of bladder and bowel control. In severe cases, it can cause paralysis. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include physical therapy, medication, surgery, or radiation therapy.

A hernia is a protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weakened area in the abdominal wall, often appearing as a bulge beneath the skin. This condition can occur in various parts of the body such as the groin (inguinal hernia), navel (umbilical hernia), or site of a previous surgical incision (incisional hernia). Hernias may cause discomfort or pain, especially when straining, lifting heavy objects, or during bowel movements. In some cases, they may lead to serious complications like intestinal obstruction or strangulation, requiring immediate medical attention.

Medical Definition:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed cross-sectional or three-dimensional images of the internal structures of the body. The patient lies within a large, cylindrical magnet, and the scanner detects changes in the direction of the magnetic field caused by protons in the body. These changes are then converted into detailed images that help medical professionals to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions, such as tumors, injuries, or diseases affecting the brain, spinal cord, heart, blood vessels, joints, and other internal organs. MRI does not use radiation like computed tomography (CT) scans.

Neuroendoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that involves the use of an endoscope to access and treat various conditions within the brain and spinal column. An endoscope is a long, flexible tube with a light and camera at its tip, which allows surgeons to view and operate on internal structures through small incisions or natural openings in the body.

In neuroendoscopy, the surgeon uses the endoscope to navigate through the brain's ventricular system (fluid-filled spaces) or other narrow spaces within the skull or spine to diagnose and treat conditions such as hydrocephalus, brain tumors, arachnoid cysts, and intraventricular hemorrhage.

The benefits of neuroendoscopy include reduced trauma to surrounding tissues, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and improved outcomes compared to traditional open surgical approaches. However, neuroendoscopic procedures require specialized training and expertise due to the complexity of the anatomy involved.

Cerebral ventriculography is a medical imaging technique that involves the injection of a contrast material into the cerebral ventricles, which are fluid-filled spaces within the brain. The purpose of this procedure is to produce detailed images of the ventricular system and the surrounding structures in order to diagnose and evaluate various neurological conditions, such as hydrocephalus (excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles), tumors, or other abnormalities that may be causing obstruction or compression of the ventricular system.

The procedure typically involves inserting a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into the lateral ventricle of the brain through a small hole drilled in the skull. The contrast material is then injected through the catheter and X-ray images are taken as the contrast material flows through the ventricular system. These images can help to identify any abnormalities or blockages that may be present.

Cerebral ventriculography has largely been replaced by non-invasive imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provide similar information without the need for invasive procedures. However, cerebral ventriculography may still be used in certain cases where these other methods are not sufficient to make a definitive diagnosis.

Surgical decompression is a medical procedure that involves relieving pressure on a nerve or tissue by creating additional space. This is typically accomplished through the removal of a portion of bone or other tissue that is causing the compression. The goal of surgical decompression is to alleviate symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness caused by the compression.

In the context of spinal disorders, surgical decompression is often used to treat conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or bone spurs that are compressing nerves in the spine. The specific procedure used may vary depending on the location and severity of the compression, but common techniques include laminectomy, discectomy, and foraminotomy.

It's important to note that surgical decompression is a significant medical intervention that carries risks such as infection, bleeding, and injury to surrounding tissues. As with any surgery, it should be considered as a last resort after other conservative treatments have been tried and found to be ineffective. A thorough evaluation by a qualified medical professional is necessary to determine whether surgical decompression is appropriate in a given case.

An ovarian cyst is a sac or pouch filled with fluid that forms on the ovary. Ovarian cysts are quite common in women during their childbearing years, and they often cause no symptoms. In most cases, ovarian cysts disappear without treatment over a few months. However, larger or persistent cysts may require medical intervention, including surgical removal.

There are various types of ovarian cysts, such as functional cysts (follicular and corpus luteum cysts), which develop during the menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes, and non-functional cysts (dermoid cysts, endometriomas, and cystadenomas), which can form due to different causes.

While many ovarian cysts are benign, some may have malignant potential or indicate an underlying medical condition like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Regular gynecological check-ups, including pelvic examinations and ultrasounds, can help detect and monitor ovarian cysts.

A laminectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the lamina, which is the back part of the vertebra that covers the spinal canal. This procedure is often performed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves caused by conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or tumors. By removing the lamina, the surgeon can access the affected area and alleviate the compression on the spinal cord or nerves, thereby reducing pain, numbness, or weakness in the back, legs, or arms.

Laminectomy may be performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with other surgical techniques such as discectomy, foraminotomy, or spinal fusion. The specific approach and extent of the surgery will depend on the patient's individual condition and symptoms.

Iophendylate is not typically referred to as a medical definition, but it is the chemical name for a contrast agent that is used in radiology procedures. It is a type of oil-based contrast medium that is injected into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during myelography, which is an imaging test used to visualize the spinal cord and surrounding structures.

Iophendylate, also known as Pantopaque, is a heavy oily substance that outlines the spinal canal and nerve roots on X-ray images, allowing radiologists to diagnose various conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or tumors. However, due to the risks associated with its use, including chemical meningitis and potential neurological complications, it has largely been replaced by water-soluble contrast agents in current clinical practice.

Spinal cord diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the spinal cord, which is a part of the central nervous system responsible for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body. These diseases can cause damage to the spinal cord, leading to various symptoms such as muscle weakness, numbness, pain, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and difficulty with movement and coordination.

Spinal cord diseases can be congenital or acquired, and they can result from a variety of causes, including infections, injuries, tumors, degenerative conditions, autoimmune disorders, and genetic factors. Some examples of spinal cord diseases include multiple sclerosis, spina bifida, spinal cord injury, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

The treatment for spinal cord diseases varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Treatment options may include medication, physical therapy, surgery, and rehabilitation. In some cases, the damage to the spinal cord may be irreversible, leading to permanent disability or paralysis.

A headache is defined as pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck. It can be a symptom of various underlying conditions such as stress, sinus congestion, migraine, or more serious issues like meningitis or concussion. Headaches can vary in intensity, ranging from mild to severe, and may be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to light and sound. There are over 150 different types of headaches, including tension headaches, cluster headaches, and sinus headaches, each with their own specific characteristics and causes.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts are medical devices used to divert the flow of excess CSF from the brain and spinal cord to another part of the body, usually the abdominal cavity. The shunt consists of a catheter, a valve, and a reservoir.

The catheter is inserted into one of the ventricles in the brain or the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord to drain the excess CSF. The valve regulates the flow of CSF to prevent over-drainage, which can cause complications such as low CSF pressure and brain sagging. The reservoir is a small chamber that allows for easy access to the shunt system for monitoring and adjusting the pressure settings.

CSF shunts are typically used to treat conditions associated with increased production or impaired absorption of CSF, such as hydrocephalus, communicating hydrocephalus, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and pseudotumor cerebri. By reducing the buildup of CSF in the brain, shunts can help alleviate symptoms such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, vision problems, and cognitive impairment.

It is important to note that while CSF shunts are effective in managing these conditions, they also carry risks of complications such as infection, obstruction, malfunction, and over-drainage. Regular monitoring and follow-up care are necessary to ensure proper functioning and minimize the risk of complications.

Hypothalamic diseases refer to conditions that affect the hypothalamus, a small but crucial region of the brain responsible for regulating many vital functions in the body. The hypothalamus helps control:

1. Body temperature
2. Hunger and thirst
3. Sleep cycles
4. Emotions and behavior
5. Release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Hypothalamic diseases can be caused by genetic factors, infections, tumors, trauma, or other conditions that damage the hypothalamus. Some examples of hypothalamic diseases include:

1. Hypothalamic dysfunction syndrome: A condition characterized by various symptoms such as obesity, sleep disturbances, and hormonal imbalances due to hypothalamic damage.
2. Kallmann syndrome: A genetic disorder that affects the development of the hypothalamus and results in a lack of sexual maturation and a decreased sense of smell.
3. Prader-Willi syndrome: A genetic disorder that causes obesity, developmental delays, and hormonal imbalances due to hypothalamic dysfunction.
4. Craniopharyngiomas: Tumors that develop near the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, often causing visual impairment, hormonal imbalances, and growth problems.
5. Infiltrative diseases: Conditions such as sarcoidosis or histiocytosis can infiltrate the hypothalamus, leading to various symptoms related to hormonal imbalances and neurological dysfunction.
6. Traumatic brain injury: Damage to the hypothalamus due to head trauma can result in various hormonal and neurological issues.
7. Infections: Bacterial or viral infections that affect the hypothalamus, such as encephalitis or meningitis, can cause damage and lead to hypothalamic dysfunction.

Treatment for hypothalamic diseases depends on the underlying cause and may involve medications, surgery, hormone replacement therapy, or other interventions to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

An epidermal cyst is a common benign skin condition characterized by the growth of a sac-like structure filled with keratin, a protein found in the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis). These cysts typically appear as round, firm bumps just under the surface of the skin, often on the face, neck, trunk, or scalp. They can vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter.

Epidermal cysts usually develop as a result of the accumulation of dead skin cells that become trapped within a hair follicle or a pilosebaceous unit (a structure that contains a hair follicle and an oil gland). The keratin produced by the skin cells then collects inside the sac, causing it to expand gradually.

These cysts are generally slow-growing, painless, and rarely cause any symptoms. However, they may become infected or inflamed, leading to redness, tenderness, pain, or pus formation. In such cases, medical attention might be necessary to drain the cyst or administer antibiotics to treat the infection.

Epidermal cysts can be removed surgically if they cause cosmetic concerns or become frequently infected. The procedure typically involves making an incision in the skin and removing the entire sac along with its contents to prevent recurrence.

The term "cisterna magna" is derived from Latin, where "cisterna" means "reservoir" or "receptacle," and "magna" means "large." In medical anatomy, the cisterna magna refers to a large, sac-like space located near the lower part of the brainstem. It is a subarachnoid cistern, which means it is a space that contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between the arachnoid and pia mater membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.

More specifically, the cisterna magna is situated between the cerebellum (the lower part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance) and the occipital bone (the bone at the back of the skull). This space contains a significant amount of CSF, which serves as a protective cushion for the brain and spinal cord, helps regulate intracranial pressure, and facilitates the circulation of nutrients and waste products.

The cisterna magna is an essential structure in neurosurgical procedures and diagnostic imaging techniques like lumbar puncture (spinal tap) or myelograms, where contrast agents are introduced into the CSF to visualize the spinal cord and surrounding structures. Additionally, it serves as a crucial landmark for various surgical approaches to the posterior fossa (the lower part of the skull that houses the cerebellum and brainstem).

The petrous bone is a part of the temporal bone, one of the 22 bones in the human skull. It is a thick and irregularly shaped bone located at the base of the skull and forms part of the ear and the cranial cavity. The petrous bone contains the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals of the inner ear, which are responsible for hearing and balance. It also helps protect the brain from injury by forming part of the bony structure surrounding the brain.

The term "petrous" comes from the Latin word "petrosus," meaning "stony" or "rock-like," which describes the hard and dense nature of this bone. The petrous bone is one of the densest bones in the human body, making it highly resistant to fractures and other forms of damage.

In medical terminology, the term "petrous" may also be used to describe any structure that resembles a rock or is hard and dense, such as the petrous apex, which refers to the portion of the petrous bone that points towards the sphenoid bone.

Firesetting behavior is not a medical diagnosis itself, but it is a term used to describe the act of deliberately starting fires. It is often associated with certain mental health conditions, developmental disorders, or substance abuse problems. Firesetting behavior can range from minor incidents, such as lighting candles or matches, to more serious offenses, like arson.

Firesetting behavior can be a symptom of various psychiatric disorders, including conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder, and personality disorders. It can also be associated with substance abuse, cognitive impairments, and traumatic brain injuries. In some cases, firesetting behavior may indicate a cry for help or a maladaptive coping mechanism.

It is essential to assess the underlying causes of firesetting behavior to develop an appropriate treatment plan. This may involve individual therapy, family therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and/or medication management. In severe cases, hospitalization or residential treatment may be necessary. Additionally, fire safety education and community resources can help prevent future incidents.

The Sella Turcica, also known as the Turkish saddle, is a depression or fossa in the sphenoid bone located at the base of the skull. It forms a housing for the pituitary gland, which is a small endocrine gland often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls other glands and makes several essential hormones. The Sella Turcica has a saddle-like shape, with its anterior and posterior clinoids forming the front and back of the saddle, respectively. This region is of significant interest in neuroimaging and clinical settings, as various conditions such as pituitary tumors or other abnormalities may affect the size, shape, and integrity of the Sella Turcica.

Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure and potentially causing damage to the brain tissues. This excessive buildup of CSF can result from either overproduction or impaired absorption of the fluid, which typically causes the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces) inside the brain to expand and put pressure on surrounding brain structures.

The condition can be congenital, present at birth due to genetic factors or abnormalities during fetal development, or acquired later in life as a result of injuries, infections, tumors, or other disorders affecting the brain's ability to regulate CSF flow and absorption. Symptoms may vary depending on age, severity, and duration but often include headaches, vomiting, balance problems, vision issues, cognitive impairment, and changes in behavior or personality.

Treatment for hydrocephalus typically involves surgically implanting a shunt system that diverts the excess CSF from the brain to another part of the body where it can be absorbed, such as the abdominal cavity. In some cases, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) might be an alternative treatment option, creating a new pathway for CSF flow within the brain. Regular follow-ups with neurosurgeons and other healthcare professionals are essential to monitor the condition and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.

Trephination, also known as trepanation or burr hole surgery, is a surgical procedure that involves making a circular hole in the skull. This ancient medical practice was used in various cultures throughout history for various purposes, such as relieving pressure on the brain, treating mental disorders, or releasing evil spirits. In modern medicine, it is rarely performed and usually reserved for severe conditions like subdural hematomas or infection inside the skull.

A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a type of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs between the dura mater and the brain. When it becomes chronic, it means that the bleeding has occurred slowly over time, often over the course of several weeks or months. The blood gradually collects in the potential space between the dura and the arachnoid membrane, forming a clot.

A chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is typically characterized by the presence of liquefied blood, which can form a loculated collection that may exert mass effect on the underlying brain tissue. This can lead to symptoms such as headache, confusion, weakness, or even seizures, depending on the size and location of the hematoma.

CSDHs are often associated with underlying brain atrophy, which can create a larger potential space for blood to collect. They may also be seen in patients who are taking anticoagulant medications or have a bleeding disorder. Treatment typically involves surgical evacuation of the hematoma, although smaller CSDHs may be managed conservatively with close monitoring and repeat imaging.

Cerebellar diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain located at the back of the head, below the occipital lobe and above the brainstem. The cerebellum plays a crucial role in motor control, coordination, balance, and some cognitive functions.

Cerebellar diseases can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, tumors, stroke, trauma, or degenerative processes. These conditions can result in a wide range of symptoms, such as:

1. Ataxia: Loss of coordination and unsteady gait
2. Dysmetria: Inability to judge distance and force while performing movements
3. Intention tremors: Shaking or trembling that worsens during purposeful movements
4. Nystagmus: Rapid, involuntary eye movement
5. Dysarthria: Speech difficulty due to muscle weakness or incoordination
6. Hypotonia: Decreased muscle tone
7. Titubation: Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of the head and neck
8. Cognitive impairment: Problems with memory, attention, and executive functions

Some examples of cerebellar diseases include:

1. Ataxia-telangiectasia
2. Friedrich's ataxia
3. Multiple system atrophy (MSA)
4. Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs)
5. Cerebellar tumors, such as medulloblastomas or astrocytomas
6. Infarctions or hemorrhages in the cerebellum due to stroke or trauma
7. Infections, such as viral encephalitis or bacterial meningitis
8. Autoimmune disorders, like multiple sclerosis (MS) or paraneoplastic syndromes
9. Metabolic disorders, such as Wilson's disease or phenylketonuria (PKU)
10. Chronic alcoholism and withdrawal

Treatment for cerebellar diseases depends on the underlying cause and may involve medications, physical therapy, surgery, or supportive care to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

A Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a surgical procedure that involves the insertion of a long, flexible tube (shunt) into the cerebral ventricles of the brain to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The other end of the shunt is directed into the peritoneal cavity, where the CSF can be absorbed.

The VP shunt is typically used to treat hydrocephalus, a condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles of the brain, which can cause increased intracranial pressure and damage to the brain. By diverting the excess CSF from the ventricles into the peritoneal cavity, the VP shunt helps to relieve the symptoms of hydrocephalus and prevent further neurological damage.

The shunt system consists of several components, including a ventricular catheter that is placed in the ventricle, a one-way valve that regulates the flow of CSF, and a distal catheter that is directed into the peritoneal cavity. The valve helps to prevent backflow of CSF into the brain and ensures that the fluid flows in only one direction, from the ventricles to the peritoneal cavity.

VP shunts are generally safe and effective, but they can be associated with complications such as infection, obstruction, or malfunction of the shunt system. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is necessary to monitor the function of the shunt and ensure that any potential issues are addressed promptly.

Cranial nerve diseases refer to conditions that affect the cranial nerves, which are a set of 12 pairs of nerves that originate from the brainstem and control various functions in the head and neck. These functions include vision, hearing, taste, smell, movement of the eyes and face, and sensation in the face.

Diseases of the cranial nerves can result from a variety of causes, including injury, infection, inflammation, tumors, or degenerative conditions. The specific symptoms that a person experiences will depend on which cranial nerve is affected and how severely it is damaged.

For example, damage to the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) can cause vision loss or visual disturbances, while damage to the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) can result in weakness or paralysis of the face. Other common symptoms of cranial nerve diseases include pain, numbness, tingling, and hearing loss.

Treatment for cranial nerve diseases varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to treat the underlying cause and relieve symptoms. Physical therapy or rehabilitation may also be recommended to help individuals regain function and improve their quality of life.

Barotrauma is a type of injury that occurs when there is a difference in pressure between the external environment and the internal body, leading to damage to body tissues. It commonly affects gas-filled spaces in the body, such as the lungs, middle ear, or sinuses.

In medical terms, barotrauma refers to the damage caused by changes in pressure that occur rapidly, such as during scuba diving, flying in an airplane, or receiving treatment in a hyperbaric chamber. These rapid changes in pressure can cause the gas-filled spaces in the body to expand or contract, leading to injury.

For example, during descent while scuba diving, the pressure outside the body increases, and if the diver does not equalize the pressure in their middle ear by swallowing or yawning, the increased pressure can cause the eardrum to rupture, resulting in barotrauma. Similarly, rapid ascent while flying can cause the air in the lungs to expand, leading to lung overexpansion injuries such as pneumothorax or arterial gas embolism.

Prevention of barotrauma involves equalizing pressure in the affected body spaces during changes in pressure and avoiding diving or flying with respiratory infections or other conditions that may increase the risk of injury. Treatment of barotrauma depends on the severity and location of the injury and may include pain management, antibiotics, surgery, or hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

A meningocele is a type of neural tube defect that results in the herniation of the meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) through a defect in the vertebral column. The meninges protrude as a sac-like structure, which may be covered by skin or a thin layer of tissue. Meningoceles usually do not contain neural tissue, but cerebrospinal fluid is present within the sac. They are typically asymptomatic unless there is compression of surrounding structures or infection. Treatment generally involves surgical repair to prevent potential complications such as meningitis or neurological damage.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme found in various body tissues, including the liver, bile ducts, digestive system, bones, and kidneys. It plays a role in breaking down proteins and minerals, such as phosphate, in the body.

The medical definition of alkaline phosphatase refers to its function as a hydrolase enzyme that removes phosphate groups from molecules at an alkaline pH level. In clinical settings, ALP is often measured through blood tests as a biomarker for various health conditions.

Elevated levels of ALP in the blood may indicate liver or bone diseases, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, bone fractures, or cancer. Therefore, physicians may order an alkaline phosphatase test to help diagnose and monitor these conditions. However, it is essential to interpret ALP results in conjunction with other diagnostic tests and clinical findings for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

A "Blood Cell Count" is a medical laboratory test that measures the number of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets in a sample of blood. This test is often used as a part of a routine check-up or to help diagnose various medical conditions, such as anemia, infection, inflammation, and many others.

The RBC count measures the number of oxygen-carrying cells in the blood, while the WBC count measures the number of immune cells that help fight infections. The platelet count measures the number of cells involved in clotting. Abnormal results in any of these counts may indicate an underlying medical condition and further testing may be required for diagnosis and treatment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Ireland" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in north-western Europe, consisting of 32 provinces; 26 of which are part of the Republic of Ireland and the remaining 6 are part of the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland). If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to help with those.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "South Australia" is not a medical term or concept. It's actually the name of a region, specifically the Australian state of South Australia. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to try and help with those!

Rheumatology is a subspecialty of internal medicine that deals with the diagnosis and management of more than 200 diseases affecting the joints, muscles, and bones. These diseases are often complex, chronic, and systemic, meaning they can affect the whole body. Some common rheumatic diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, lupus, gout, osteoporosis, and various forms of vasculitis and connective tissue disorders.

Rheumatologists are medical doctors who have completed additional training in this field, becoming experts in the non-surgical treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. They use a combination of physical examination, patient history, laboratory testing, and imaging to diagnose and manage these conditions. Treatment may involve medications, lifestyle changes, physical therapy, or a combination of these approaches.

A comparison of arachnoid cyst fluid and CSF in a series of patients show differences in chemical composition. Arachnoid cysts ... Arachnoid cysts can be found on the brain or on the spine. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to the ... Primary arachnoid cysts are a congenital disorder whereas secondary arachnoid cysts are the result of head injury or trauma. ... Most arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic, and do not require treatment. Where complications are present, leaving arachnoid cysts ...
"Tibia absent polydactyly arachnoid cyst". Global Genes. Retrieved 2022-05-31. "Tibia absent polydactyly arachnoid cyst - About ... Absent tibia-polydactyly-arachnoid cyst syndrome, also known as Holmes-Collins syndrome, is a very rare multi-systemic ... "OMIM Entry - 601027 - TIBIA, ABSENCE OR HYPOPLASIA OF, WITH POLYDACTYLY, RETROCEREBELLAR ARACHNOID CYST, AND OTHER ANOMALIES". ... retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst, and other anomalies: an autosomal recessive disorder". Journal of Medical Genetics. 32 (11): ...
Arachnoid cysts (Leptomeningeal cysts) Ependymal cysts Cystic cerebellar astrocytomas Colloid cysts Symptoms are assessed on a ... Greenfield, Jerry (January 2015). "Surgery for an Arachnoid Cyst". Surgery for an Arachnoid cysts. Retrieved 2017-03-11. Chen, ... Arachnoid cysts are more prevalent in males than females Colloid cysts are more prevalent in adults Dermoid cysts are more ... Rathke's cleft cysts Pineal cysts Tumor-associated cysts Epithelial cysts that originate from upper respiratory and intestinal ...
"Arachnoid cysts of the posterior fossa". Surgical Neurology. 51 (4): 376-82. doi:10.1016/S0090-3019(98)00095-0. PMID 10199290 ... "CSF overdrainage in shunted intracranial arachnoid cysts: a series and review". Child's Nervous System. 25 (9): 1061-9. doi: ... of a congenital defect but new studies have shown that overdrainage of Cysto-peritoneal shunts used to treat arachnoid cysts ...
"Prevalence and natural history of arachnoid cysts in children". Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. 5 (6): 578-585. doi: ...
"Devan Perez - arachnoid cyst brain surgery for teenager". www.skullbaseinstitute.com. Archived from the original on 2021-07-24 ...
Rathke's cleft cyst, and arachnoid cyst". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 84 (11): 3972-82. doi:10.1210/ ... Craniopharyngiomas are distinct from Rathke's cleft tumours and intrasellar arachnoid cysts. Craniopharyngiomas are almost ... The cysts are usually filled with a yellow, viscous fluid rich in cholesterol crystals. Of a long list of possible symptoms, ... On light microscopy, the cysts are seen to be lined by stratified squamous epithelium. Keratin pearls may also be seen. ...
cysts that occur in the central nervous system such as dermoid cysts and arachnoid cysts can cause neuropsychiatric symptoms ... Da Silva, J.; Alves, A.; Talina, M.; Carreiro, S.; Guimarães, J. O.; Xavier, M. (2007). "Arachnoid cyst in a patient with ... "Catatonic syndrome preceded by symptoms of anorexia nervosa in a 14-year-old boy with arachnoid cyst". European Child & ...
In juveniles, an arachnoid cyst is a risk factor for subdural hematoma. Other risk factors include taking blood thinners ( ... Mori K, Yamamoto T, Horinaka N, Maeda M (September 2002). "Arachnoid cyst is a risk factor for chronic subdural hematoma in ... twelve cases of chronic subdural hematoma associated with arachnoid cyst". Journal of Neurotrauma. 19 (9): 1017-1027. doi: ... The incision in the arachnoid membrane during the operation causes cerebrospinal fluid to leak into the subdural space, leading ...
Babu R, Murali R (June 1991). "Arachnoid cyst of the cerebellopontine angle manifesting as contralateral trigeminal neuralgia: ... such as an arachnoid cyst or meningioma in the cerebellopontine angle; or by a traumatic event, such as a car accident. Short- ...
describes two sisters with arachnoid cysts, congenital hearing loss, partial corpus callosum agenesis, and hydrocephalus. ... and arachnoid cysts in two sisters". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 86 (2): 183-186. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628( ... arachnoid cysts, corpus callosum partial agenesis, and cerebellar cell migration anomalies. 2004: Østergaard et al. describes ... arachnoid cysts, facial dysmorphisms, seizures and psycho-motor developmental delays (specific development spectrum disorders ...
"Fluid secretion in arachnoid cysts as a clue to cerebro-spinal fluid absorption at the arachnoid granulation". Journal of ... It is remarkable to note that, if this single observation is confirmed, we may have to look at arachnoid villi not simply as ... Pacchioni's granulations (or Pacchionian bodies), where the arachnoid layer protrudes through the dura, are named after him ( ... Pacchioni pointed out how arachnoid villi swell "... to the size of a millet seed... " after dura is "...soaked for a month ...
Other patients have seen the onset of bobble-head doll syndrome from the presence of a suprasellar cyst in the arachnoid mater ... For those with suprasellar arachnoid cysts, it has been discovered that endoscopic ventriculocystocisternostomy is the optimal ... Such blockages are tell-tale signs that a cyst is present. Also, if CSF cannot flow freely, it will begin to accumulate leading ... It is possible that the back and forth movement of fluid within the cyst causes rhythmic pressure on the diencephalic motor ...
Other causes of congenital hydrocephalus include neural-tube defects, arachnoid cysts, Dandy-Walker syndrome, and Arnold-Chiari ... Foramen of Monro obstruction may lead to dilation of one, or if large enough (e.g., in colloid cyst), both lateral ventricles. ... This may be due to functional impairment of the arachnoidal granulations (also called arachnoid granulations or Pacchioni's ... Ice hockey player Colby Cave had acute obstructive hydrocephalus due to a colloid cyst. Author Sherman Alexie, born with the ...
Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells that may develop on the brain or spinal cord. They are a ... However, if there is a large cyst, symptoms may include headache, seizures, ataxia (lack of muscle control), hemiparesis, and ...
Arachnoid cyst Facial nerve tumour Lipoma Meningioma Schwannoma of other cranial nerves (e.g. CN V >VII>IX, X, XI) Metastasis ... The pia mater follows the outline of the fissure and the arachnoid mater continues across the divide so that the subarachnoid ... Intracranial epidermoid cyst Samii, Madjid; Gerganov, Venelin (2013). "Microsurgical Anatomy of the Cerebellopontine Angle by ...
... meningeal cysts, and arachnoid diverticula cysts. Although the definitions for each entity are still controversial, the ... Tarlov cysts are defined as cysts formed within the nerve-root sheath at the dorsal root ganglion. The etiology of these cysts ... The cysts may be found anterior to the sacral area and have been known to extend into the abdominal cavity. These cysts, though ... They are differentiated from other meningeal and arachnoid cysts because they are innervated and diagnosis can in cases be ...
He was born with a cerebral arachnoid cyst and with a form of blindness called septo-optic dysplasia. Lewis-Clack began his ...
He initially believed the cysts were the result of meningeal diverticula and long arachnoid prolongations. It wasn't until 10 ... He was the first doctor to provide a methodical description of perineurial cysts of the spinal region, which are now known as ... Tarlov, I.M. (1953). Sacral nerve-root cysts; another cause of the sciatic or cauda equina syndrome. Springfield, Ill.: C.C. ... Tarlov first noticed the cysts while doing a postmortem examination of 30 filum terminale specimens in 1938, and he published ...
... in the arachnoid mater. 10% of these occur in the posterior fossa. In a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst, unlike in DWM: The cyst ... Excisions of the cyst in DWM have not been able to show whether impaired arachnoid absorption is involved, since the ... The cerebellum is not hypoplastic, though it may be compressed by the cyst (mass effect). The CSF flow in the cyst is not ... the compression by the posterior fossa cyst against the venous passages in the arachnoid mater is involved in the worsening ...
Types include: Nerve sheath tumor Brain tumor Arachnoid cyst Optic nerve glioma "neoplasm of the central nervous system ( ...
Other pathological features seen on MRI scans of ZTTK syndrome individuals include arachnoid cysts, hypoplasia of the corpus ...
... leukomalacia cryptococcosis multiple sclerosis mucopolysaccharidoses neurocysticercosis arachnoid cysts neuroepithelial cysts ...
"Central precocious puberty (CPP) was reported in some patients with suprasellar arachnoid cysts (SAC), and SCFE (slipped ... "Precocious puberty associated with a pineal cyst: is it disinhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis?". Neuro Endocrinology ...
... central nervous system cysts MeSH C04.588.614.250.387.100 - arachnoid cysts MeSH C04.588.614.250.580 - meningeal neoplasms MeSH ... MeSH C04.182.089.265 - bone cysts, aneurysmal MeSH C04.182.089.530 - jaw cysts MeSH C04.182.089.530.660 - nonodontogenic cysts ... odontogenic cyst, calcifying MeSH C04.182.089.530.690.790 - periodontal cyst MeSH C04.182.089.530.690.790.820 - radicular cyst ... dermoid cyst MeSH C04.557.465.330 - germinoma MeSH C04.557.465.330.300 - dysgerminoma MeSH C04.557.465.330.800 - seminoma MeSH ...
And Arachnoid Cysts https://bio-lert.com Human Epilepsy Project (HEP) http://www.presidencia.gob.pa/Primera_Dama-4768-Nina- ...
... and arachnoid cysts (cysts on the brain surface). In research, cranial height or brain imaging may be used to determine ... and megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts; and glutaric aciduria type 1 and D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. ... malformation Glutaric aciduria type 1 L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts ...
... a chemotherapy regimen used in the treatment of breast cancer Arachnoid Cysts of the Middle Fossa, the most common location ... where intracranial arachnoid cysts are found Adivasi Cobra Militant Force, a militant adivasi organization in Assam Antimatter/ ...
... central nervous system cysts MeSH C10.551.240.375.500 - arachnoid cysts MeSH C10.551.240.500 - meningeal neoplasms MeSH C10.551 ... arachnoid cysts MeSH C10.500.190.200 - hemangioma, cavernous, central nervous system MeSH C10.500.190.600 - central nervous ...
... or an arachnoid cyst. It may also evaluate a suspected leak (also known as a CSF fistula) from the CSF cavity into the nasal ...
A comparison of arachnoid cyst fluid and CSF in a series of patients show differences in chemical composition. Arachnoid cysts ... Arachnoid cysts can be found on the brain or on the spine. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to the ... Primary arachnoid cysts are a congenital disorder whereas secondary arachnoid cysts are the result of head injury or trauma. ... Most arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic, and do not require treatment. Where complications are present, leaving arachnoid cysts ...
They are often congenital, or present at birth (primary arachnoid cysts). ... Arachnoid cysts are the most common type of brain cyst. ... What is an arachnoid cyst?. Arachnoid cysts are the most common ... primary arachnoid cysts). Head injury or trauma can also result in a secondary arachnoid cyst. The cysts are fluid-filled sacs ... Arachnoid Cyst Diagnosis. CT or MRI scans will help the surgeon see the location and characteristics of an arachnoid cyst, then ...
... operative and postoperative radiological examinations and operative notes of 31 patients with spinal arachnoid cyst operated on ... All patients were managed surgically: extradural arachnoid cysts were managed by excision and intradural arachnoid cysts were ... Spinal arachnoid cyst J Clin Neurosci. 2011 Sep;18(9):1189-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2010.11.023. Epub 2011 Jul 2. ... operative and postoperative radiological examinations and operative notes of 31 patients with spinal arachnoid cyst operated on ...
Arachnoid cysts are benign cysts that occur in the cerebrospinal axis in relation to the arachnoid membrane and that do not ... Arachnoid cysts also occur within the spinal canal; in such cases, arachnoid cysts or arachnoid diverticula may be located ... Arachnoid cysts are benign cysts that occur in the cerebrospinal axis in relation to the arachnoid membrane and that do not ... Arachnoid cysts seldom calcify. On CT cisternography, arachnoid cysts may be seen to have a smooth outer surface, in ...
... Jun 8, 2010 , Magazine: Genetics in Medicine ... Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts have been observed in some families but their true frequency is unknown. The aim of this ... Of these, 58% (seven individuals) had extradural arachnoid cysts.. DISCUSSION. We suggest that a follow-up protocol for ... study is to determine the frequency of spinal extradural arachnoid cysts in lymphedema distichiasis syndrome. ...
The most common location of an arachnoid cyst is in the middle cranial fossa. The cyst can progressively be enlarged and cause ... The case illustrates the non-contrast features of the arachnoid cyst in the middle cranial fossa. ... "arachnoid-cyst-49","modality":"CT","series":[{"id":58897249,"content_type":"image/jpeg","frames":[{"id":58897232,"width":512," ... Sharifkashani S, Arachnoid cyst. Case study, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 04 Oct 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-147603 ...
... which can be found between the arachnoid membrane and the brain ... An arachnoid cyst is a sac filled with cerebrospinal fluid, ... Arachnoid Cyst Causes. An arachnoid cyst that develops before birth is referred to as a primary arachnoid cyst. The cause of ... disorders/arachnoid_cysts_22,arachnoidcysts/, last accessed June 29, 2017.. "Arachnoid Cysts/Intracranial Cysts," Weill Cornell ... What Is an Arachnoid Cyst?. An arachnoid cyst is a sac filled with cerebrospinal fluid, known as CSF, which can be found ...
Panhypopituitarism Associated with Diabetes insipidus in a Girl with a Suprasellar Arachnoid Cyst Subject Area: Endocrinology , ... Child, Arachnoid cyst, Growth hormone deficiency, Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency, Diabetes insipidus, Hypogonadotropic ... We report on a female patient with a large suprasellar arachnoid cyst (3.5 × 2.5 cm) combined with right optic nerve hypoplasia ... Turgut M, Ozcan OE: Suprasellar arachnoid cyst as a cause of precocious puberty and bobble-head doll phenomenon (letter). Eur J ...
Temporal fossa arachnoid cyst presenting with bilateral subdural hematoma following trauma: Two case reports. Publication Type ... Case presentation: We report two cases of people (a 23-year-old man anda 41-year-old man) with temporal fossa arachnoid cysts ... Keywords : adult, arachnoid cyst, article, brain aqueduct, case report, cisterna magna, clinical feature, computer assisted ... Both patients developed a subdural hematoma contralateral to the side of a temporal fossa arachnoid cyst. It is likely that ...
... left middle fossa arachnoid cyst (MFACs). Eleven patients and 22 normal controls (NC) between 6 and 14 years of age were ... the only significant result was a low correlation between cyst size and Reaction Time (-0.30--0.36, P-FDR < 0.05). School- ... Primary arachnoid cysts (ACs) are benign cysts that result from abnormal splitting or duplication of the arachnoid membrane ... 10 - Classification and Location of Arachnoid Cysts. In: Wester K editor. Arachnoid Cysts edn. Academic Press; 2018. 101-109. ...
Arachnoid cysts are a condition that can be commonly found in the brain or spine. Learn more about the signs, diagnosis, and ... Causes of Arachnoid Cysts. As of today, the cause of arachnoid cysts is unknown. Research efforts suggest that they could arise ... Diagnosing Arachnoid Cysts. The only way to diagnose arachnoid cysts is by undergoing a computed tomography (CT) scan or ... Arachnoid Cyst Treatment Options. Arachnoid cysts are drained through surgery to relieve symptoms and reduce pressure in the ...
The treatment for arachnoid cysts depends on the size and location of the cyst, as well as the symptoms it is causing. In some ... The symptoms of arachnoid cysts vary depending on the size and location of the cyst. Common symptoms include:. -Headaches. - ... Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid-filled sacs that form between the brain and the arachnoid membrane, one of the three ... The exact cause of arachnoid cysts is unknown, but there are several risk factors that may increase the likelihood of ...
Learn about diagnosis and treatment for babies with arachnoid cysts. ... Arachnoid cysts are found in the brain and filled with cerebrospinal fluid. ... The precise of arachnoid cysts is unknown.. How are arachnoid cysts diagnosed?. Most cases of arachnoid cysts are detected ... What is an arachnoid cyst?. There are two types of arachnoid cysts: congenital and acquired. Congenital arachnoid cysts are the ...
An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-containing sac that mostly occurs in the head though it can also occur in the spinal cord.... ... An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-containing sac that ... OVERVIEW OF ARACHNOID CYST A cyst is a fluid-filled cavity. ... OVERVIEW OF ARACHNOID CYST. A cyst is a fluid-filled cavity. An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-containing sac that mostly occurs in ... When a cyst occurs in this space, it is called an arachnoid cyst. When an arachnoid cyst forms in the head, it is usually ...
Dr Brindha Shivalingam in Sydney offers treatments for CSF disorders such as arachnoid cysts, benign intracranial hypertension ...
Presence of arachnoid cysts of the spinal canal extradurally in the epidural space. ... Spinal arachnoid cyst.. Kumar A, Sakia R, Singh K, Sharma V. J Clin Neurosci 2011 Sep;18(9):1189-92. Epub 2011 Jul 2 doi: ... Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review.. Wang YB, Wang DH, Deng SL. Spine J 2023 Aug;23(8):1199-1211 ... Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review.. Wang YB, Wang DH, Deng SL. Spine J 2023 Aug;23(8):1199-1211 ...
Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with large temporal arachnoid cysts. Mitchell Schertz*, Shlomi Constantini, Rina Eshel ... Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with large temporal arachnoid cysts. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. 2018 Jun;21(6 ... Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with large temporal arachnoid cysts. In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. 2018 ; ... keywords = "Arachnoid cyst, Brain congenital anomalies, Follow-up, Hydrocephalus, Neurodevelopment, Quality of life", ...
Arachnoid Cysts: Clinical and Surgical Management gives a broad and updated presentation of the condition, including ... Arachnoid Cysts: Clinical and Surgical Management gives a broad and updated presentation of the condition, including ... Describes impaired cognition associated with arachnoid cysts. *Identifies the advantages, disadvantages and results of ... Describes impaired cognition associated with arachnoid cysts. *Identifies the advantages, disadvantages and results of ...
Kaiden and the Arachnoid Cyst Kaiden is a little boy with an Arachnoid Cyst that has caused hydrocephalus. He had brain surgery ... Labels: Arachnoid Cyst, Endocrinologist, Neurosurgery, Operation, UK (NHS) Email This BlogThis! Share to Twitter Share to ... Copyright (c) 2010 Kaiden and the Arachnoid Cyst. Design by WPThemes Expert. Themes By Buy My Themes And Web Hosting. ...
Home MRI Neuroradiology radiology Teleradiology Spontaneous rupture of arachnoid cyst into subdural space ... Spontaneous rupture of arachnoid cyst into subdural space Reviewed by Sumer Sethi on Monday, May 25, 2009 Rating: 5 ... Arachnoid cysts are known to present as spontaneous subdural hygroma. Also noted a snap shot of my Teleradiology centre in ... I have a doubt regarding differentiation between small arachnoid cyst and subdural hygroma... SS sir, can subdural hygroma ...
Keywords: Epilepsy; arachnoid cerebral cysts; cerebral structural marker; children; medication. RIS. TY - JOUR T1 - Medication ... Arachnoid cerebral cysts can create great anxiety to families of the affected child. In children prospective studies of ... We want to show how medication for neurological disorders found in children which have had also arachnoid cysts was used, and ... KW - arachnoid cerebral cysts. KW - cerebral structural marker. KW - children. KW - medication. ER - ...
Arachnoid Cyst: An Unusual Cause for Increased Alkaline Phosphatase. PBJ Sanneerappa1, R Gul1, M Nadeem2, N Ramesh1 ... In this case, we highlight that arachnoid cyst situated close to skull vault can be one of the causes for elevated alkaline ... To conclude, in this case report we vividly demonstrate that a huge arachnoid cyst adjacent to the temporal and parietal part ... Figure 1): CT Brain: Axial section and Coronal view, showing 10x5cm arachnoid cyst in the left temporal region. It extends to ...
I performed the first ever endoscopic posterior fossa arachnoid cyst surgery in the region. This 7 yr old was brought to me by ...
Intracranial arachnoid cyst (IHAC) is considered as rare congenital lesions. Usually the arachnoid cyst remains asymptomatic ... However, arachnoid cyst located in the interhemispheric fi ssure is regarded as extremely uncommon, however observed only in ... Mostly, the intracranial arachnoid cyst is located in the sylvan fissure, cerebello-pontine angle, or suprasellar region. ... Giant Arachnoid Cyst of Interhemispheric Fissure with Bilateral Extension across Midline Presenting with Seizure after Motor ...
Arachnoid cysts are a common type of fluid-filled brain cysts that are primarily present from birth but, in some cases, can ... iCliniq / Answers / Neurology / Arachnoid Cyst / What could cause epilepsy and arachnoid cyst in a 30-year-old? ... My 30 year old brother has an arachnoid cyst displacing his hypoglossal nerve. He has no tongue problems, but he has epilepsy ... Q. What is causing my brothers arachnoid cyst and epilepsy?. Answered by ...
Arachnoid Cysts (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Also in Spanish ...
Rapidly Progressing Brainstem Compression Due to a Giant Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst Case Presentation: A 28 years old woman ... Keywords: Arachnoid cyst; Posterior fossa; Cyst fenestration. Subscription required. Please login to access the full article, ... Rapidly Progressing Brainstem Compression Due to a Giant Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst. Cihan Isler*, Abdurrahim Tas, Yucel ... Rapidly Progressing Brainstem Compression Due to a Giant Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst. ...
Arachnoid cysts. *Conditions that involve blood vessel lesions, such as: *Aneurysms. *Arteriovenous malformations ...
Arachnoid cysts. *Spine disorders including tethered cord. *Spinal tumors. *Vascular malformations. *Head and spine trauma ...
Progressive growth of arachnoid cysts with cauda equina syndrome after lumbar spine surgery. ... Dive into the research topics of Progressive growth of arachnoid cysts with cauda equina syndrome after lumbar spine surgery ...
  • Primary arachnoid cysts are a congenital disorder whereas secondary arachnoid cysts are the result of head injury or trauma. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are often congenital, or present at birth (primary arachnoid cysts). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • A cyst in this location is usually secondary to a congenital or acquired defect and is situated in an extradural location. (medscape.com)
  • Intradural spinal arachnoid cysts are secondary to a congenital deficiency within the arachnoidal trabecula, especially in the septum posticum, or are the result of adhesions resulting from previous infection or trauma. (medscape.com)
  • Robinson RG: Congenital cysts of the brain. (karger.com)
  • Clark SJ, Van DC, Conte FA, Grumbach MM, Berger MS, Edwards MS: Reversible true precocious puberty secondary to a congenital arachnoid cyst (letter). (karger.com)
  • There are two types of arachnoid cysts: congenital and acquired. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Congenital arachnoid cysts are the result of abnormal development of a brain structure called leptomeninges. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Acquired congenital arachnoid cysts are the result of bleeding, trauma or infection. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Arachnoid cysts are congenital in children or they are noticed at birth and this form is known as the primary arachnoid cysts. (mbbch.com)
  • Intracranial arachnoid cyst (IHAC) is considered as rare congenital lesions. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • choroidal fissure cyst is a congenital developmental lesion which almost never causes symptoms. (healthtap.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane, one of the three meningeal layers that cover the brain and the spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • Your child's surgeon may recommend a craniotomy (surgically creating an opening in the skull) to make openings in the cyst wall (a process called fenestration) and ensure normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Arachnoid cysts are benign cysts that occur in the cerebrospinal axis in relation to the arachnoid membrane and that do not communicate with the ventricular system. (medscape.com)
  • An arachnoid cyst is a sac filled with cerebrospinal fluid, known as CSF, which can be found between the arachnoid membrane and the brain or spinal column. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid-filled sacs that form between the brain and the arachnoid membrane, one of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • Based on the measurement of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, as well as the size of a baby's ventricles, an arachnoid cyst may be suspected. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • The fluid contained in an arachnoid cyst is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), this fluid occurs naturally and serves to protect the brain and spinal column where it is typically found. (mbbch.com)
  • Quantitative proteomics comparison of arachnoid cyst fluid and cerebrospinal fluid collected perioperatively from arachnoid cyst patients. (uib.no)
  • Protein profiling reveals inter-individual protein homogeneity of arachnoid cyst fluid and high qualitative similarity to cerebrospinal fluid. (uib.no)
  • Arachnoid cysts do not contain cerebrospinal fluid: A comparative chemical analysis of arachnoid cyst fluid and cerebrospinal fluid in adults. (uib.no)
  • An axial T2-weighted MRI scan that shows hydrocephalus, a large cerebrospinal fluid cyst in the posterior fossa, thinned occipital bone (arrows), and hypoplastic cerebellar hemispheres with a winged appearance (c). (medscape.com)
  • Asymptomatic patients with an enlarged sella turcica should have an air study to exclude an 'empty sella"syndrome, an anatomical entity in which the pituitary fossa is expanded and partially filled with cerebrospinal fluid owing to the arachnoid herniation, while the pituitary gland is compressed against the posterior rim of the fossa [3]. (bvsalud.org)
  • Controversy surrounds the treatment of arachnoid cysts. (medscape.com)
  • Learn more below about the symptoms, diagnosing, and treatment of arachnoid cysts at CNSO. (cnsomd.com)
  • Immediate intervention is necessary if the cyst is in a critical location causing hydrocephalus or if a large cyst is resulting in mass effect and brain herniation. (medscape.com)
  • The cyst can progressively be enlarged and cause hydrocephalus and has no diffusion restriction on diffusion-weighted MRI. (radiopaedia.org)
  • If the volume of fluid is high, a baby with a cyst may also be diagnosed with hydrocephalus . (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Associated hydrocephalus is present in more than 30% of cases of arachnoid cysts but, unless it is significant, the pregnancy likely will not be affected. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Kaiden is a little boy with an Arachnoid Cyst that has caused hydrocephalus. (hinshelwood.com)
  • In practice, diagnosis of symptomatic arachnoid cysts requires symptoms to be present, and many with the disorder never develop symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some clinicians advocate treating only patients with symptomatic cysts, whereas others believe that even asymptomatic cysts should be decompressed to avoid future complications. (medscape.com)
  • In some rare cases, arachnoid cysts may be symptomatic. (mbbch.com)
  • For a symptomatic cyst, drainage should clear the symptoms. (mbbch.com)
  • Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review. (nih.gov)
  • Symptomatic spinal arachnoid cyst with spastic diplegia secondary to c" by Andrew Guillotte, Abdul-Rahman Alkiswani et al. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Symptomatic spinal arachnoid cyst with spastic diplegia secondary to cerebral palsy: illustrative case. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Guillotte A, Alkiswani AR, Keeler KA, Partington MD. Symptomatic spinal arachnoid cyst with spastic diplegia secondary to cerebral palsy: illustrative case. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Researchers believe that most cases of arachnoid cysts are developmental malformations that arise from the unexplained splitting or tearing of the arachnoid membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • A study found 18% of patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts had non-specific headaches. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anxiety and depression in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts-A prospective study. (uib.no)
  • Maze learning in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts. (uib.no)
  • How often do chronic extra-cerebral haematomas occur in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts? (uib.no)
  • Visual attention in patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts. (uib.no)
  • A comparison of arachnoid cyst fluid and CSF in a series of patients show differences in chemical composition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Harsh GR, Edwards MS, Wilson CB: Intracranial arachnoid cysts in children. (karger.com)
  • Mostly, the intracranial arachnoid cyst is located in the sylvan fissure, cerebello-pontine angle, or suprasellar region. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Intracranial arachnoid cysts: impairment of higher cognitive functions and postoperative improvement. (uib.no)
  • Location, sidedness, and sex distribution of intracranial arachnoid cysts in a population-based sample. (uib.no)
  • A population based study of intracranial arachnoid cysts: clinical and neuroimaging outcomes following surgical cyst decompression in adults. (uib.no)
  • The cysts are fluid-filled sacs, not tumors. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • They can trigger severe neurological symptoms, and should be differentiated from other forms of epidural cysts and tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • They can also be found in the spine, leading to uncomfortable symptoms if the cyst grows or begins to interfere with back function. (cnsomd.com)
  • Sometimes, an arachnoid cyst can compress the channels or openings that allow this fluid to flow through the brain and spine, similar to a kink in a garden hose. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Rare cases of arachnoid cysts have been associated with Tetralogy of Fallot , a heart condition, and neurofibromatosis type 1 , which uniquely affects the skin, bones, eyes, brain and spine. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Preoperative evaluation included magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine, which identified an arachnoid cyst causing spinal cord compression. (childrensmercy.org)
  • 5 cm) left middle fossa arachnoid cyst (MFACs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reversible dyscognition in patients with a unilateral, middle fossa arachnoid cyst revealed by using a laptop based neuropsychological test battery (CANTAB). (uib.no)
  • Most cases of arachnoid cysts are detected after 20 weeks of pregnancy during ultrasound. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Most cases of arachnoid cysts are symptomless thus those who have it do not know that they do and it is usually picked up as an incidental finding (such as when the head is examined for other pathologies). (mbbch.com)
  • A patient with a cyst on the left middle cranial fossa had auditory hallucinations, migraine-like headaches, and periodic paranoia Patients with left temporal lobe cysts had mood disturbances similar to manic depression (bipolar disorder) and were known to show outward aggression The exact cause of arachnoid cysts is not known. (wikipedia.org)
  • As of today, the cause of arachnoid cysts is unknown. (cnsomd.com)
  • The exact cause of arachnoid cysts is unknown, but there are several risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing them. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • A spinal column cyst with symptoms should be removed surgically but if it is not achievable, a fenestration or shunting can still be done to drain it. (mbbch.com)
  • She was taken to operating room emergently and cyst wall fenestration was performed under microscope. (scitechnol.com)
  • After recovering from cyst fenestration surgery, the patient underwent SDR providing further gait improvement. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Primary arachnoid cysts (ACs) are benign cysts that result from abnormal splitting or duplication of the arachnoid membrane during development [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We want to show how medication for neurological disorders found in children which have had also arachnoid cysts was used, and that not only surgery is the first line treatment in all types of arachnoid cysts.There are not extensive studies yet for the different contexts which are involving arachnoid cerebral cystsin children. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • All patients were managed surgically: extradural arachnoid cysts were managed by excision and intradural arachnoid cysts were managed by marsupialization. (nih.gov)
  • Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts have been observed in some families but their true frequency is unknown. (cun.es)
  • The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of spinal extradural arachnoid cysts in lymphedema distichiasis syndrome. (cun.es)
  • Of these, 58% (seven individuals) had extradural arachnoid cysts. (cun.es)
  • On the other hand, a number of symptoms may result from large cysts: Cranial deformation or macrocephaly (enlargement of the head), particularly in children Cysts in the suprasellar region in children have presented as bobbing and nodding of the head called bobble-head doll syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • We report on a female patient with a large suprasellar arachnoid cyst (3.5 × 2.5 cm) combined with right optic nerve hypoplasia. (karger.com)
  • Segall HD, Hassan G, Ling SM, Carton C: Suprasellar cysts associated with isosexual precocious puberty. (karger.com)
  • Turgut M, Ozcan OE: Suprasellar arachnoid cyst as a cause of precocious puberty and bobble-head doll phenomenon (letter). (karger.com)
  • Sagittal unenhanced T1 weighted image shows an arachnoid cyst in the suprasellar region. (endotext.org)
  • Patients with arachnoid cysts may never show symptoms, even in some cases where the cyst is large. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Symptoms vary by the size and location of the cyst(s), though small cysts usually have no symptoms and are discovered only incidentally. (wikipedia.org)
  • A left fronto-temporal cyst showed symptoms of alexithymia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyst on the right sylvian fissure resulted in new onset of schizophrenia-like symptoms at age 61. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some arachnoid cysts never present a problem, but others can cause symptoms by putting pressure on the brain. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Arachnoid cysts - even large ones - that do not cause symptoms or put pressure on the brain or spinal cord do not require treatment. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Spinal arachnoid cysts are generally misdiagnosed, because symptoms are often nonspecific. (medscape.com)
  • With an arachnoid cyst, the absence of symptoms will require regular monitoring of its size to ensure it does not compress on neighboring tissue and nerves. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • If the cyst presents any of the various symptoms such as vertigo or coordination issues, you could be at risk for life-threatening complications. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Once an arachnoid cyst develops, there can be serious complications, aside from the symptoms that present. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Depending on the location and size of the arachnoid cyst, the symptoms can vary from mild to severe. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • The cyst may or may not present any symptoms. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • With an arachnoid cyst developing on the spinal cord, the symptoms reflect the compression of the spinal nerves. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Arachnoid cyst treatment is determined on the location, size, and whether there are any symptoms present. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • A cyst with no symptoms can be left untreated with frequent checkups to monitor any growth in size. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Now, if the arachnoid cyst is present with symptoms, it is important to treat immediately as it may grow and result in permanent damage to the spinal cord or brain cells, nerves, and tissues. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Smaller cysts will usually present no symptoms, making it manageable to live a normal life. (cnsomd.com)
  • Most individuals are diagnosed with arachnoid cysts at birth and may never experience any problems or symptoms. (cnsomd.com)
  • Once CNSO understands the patient's symptoms and diagnosis, the cyst may be left alone or require surgery. (cnsomd.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts are drained through surgery to relieve symptoms and reduce pressure in the brain. (cnsomd.com)
  • Puncturing the cyst allows fluid to exit, reducing pressure and symptoms. (cnsomd.com)
  • Treatment is usually not necessary, but may include surgery if the cyst is causing symptoms. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • What are the symptoms of Arachnoid Cysts? (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • The symptoms of arachnoid cysts vary depending on the size and location of the cyst. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • The treatment for arachnoid cysts depends on the size and location of the cyst, as well as the symptoms it is causing. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • 2. Surgery: Surgery may be recommended if the cyst is causing severe symptoms or if it is growing rapidly. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • There is no cure for arachnoid cysts, but medications may be prescribed to reduce symptoms. (rarediseaseshealthcenter.com)
  • These symptoms noticed are related to the site and size of the cyst. (mbbch.com)
  • For an uncomplicated case of an arachnoid cyst, that is, the type without symptoms, it is best left untreated but it should be closely monitored for an increase in size or the presence of symptoms. (mbbch.com)
  • The book covers the effects of surgical treatment on clinical symptoms and the effects cysts have on cognition, as well as cognitive improvement after surgical cyst decompression. (afkebooks.com)
  • However, arachnoid cyst located in the interhemispheric fi ssure is regarded as extremely uncommon, however observed only in children due to clinical symptoms, however, extremely rare in adult. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • The cyst was in the temporal location in 75% of these cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cysts on the left temporal lobe have been associated with psychosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] In some cases, arachnoid cysts occurring in the middle fossa are accompanied by underdevelopment (hypoplasia) or compression of the temporal lobe. (wikipedia.org)
  • The exact role that temporal lobe abnormalities play in the development of middle fossa arachnoid cysts is unknown. (wikipedia.org)
  • OBJECTIVE Management of children with large temporal arachnoid cysts (TACs) remains controversial, with limited data available on their neurodevelopmental outcome. (tau.ac.il)
  • Figure 1): CT Brain: Axial section and Coronal view, showing 10x5cm arachnoid cyst in the left temporal region. (imj.ie)
  • To conclude, in this case report we vividly demonstrate that a huge arachnoid cyst adjacent to the temporal and parietal part of the left side of the skull can be one of the causes of isolated raised alkaline phosphatase in a well child with normal development. (imj.ie)
  • Pre- and post-operative dizziness and postural instability in temporal arachnoid cyst patients. (uib.no)
  • Microarray-based gene expression profiling and DNA copy number variation analysis of temporal fossa arachnoid cysts. (uib.no)
  • Intracystic pressure in patients with temporal arachnoid cysts: a prospective study of preoperative complaints and postoperative outcome. (uib.no)
  • The likely cause is a split of the arachnoid membrane, one of the three layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Microscopic examination shows that their walls are formed from a splitting of the arachnoid membrane, with an inner and outer leaflet surrounding the cyst cavity. (medscape.com)
  • The most effective surgical treatment appears to be excision of the outer cyst membrane and cystoperitoneal shunting. (medscape.com)
  • The arachnoid membrane may split, possibly due to a family gene. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Research efforts suggest that they could arise due to the splitting of the arachnoid membrane, an area that covers part of the brain and spinal cord. (cnsomd.com)
  • When the arachnoid membrane breaks, this allows fluids to enter the brain and become trapped, creating fluid-filled sacs. (cnsomd.com)
  • Arachnoid membrane is one of the three membrane layers that envelop the brain and spinal cord. (mbbch.com)
  • There is a space found between the brain and spinal column and the arachnoid membrane, this space is known as the arachnoid space. (mbbch.com)
  • When an arachnoid cyst is detected within the fetal brain, the patient will be given a complete anatomic sonographic fetal diagnosis to rule out other abnormalities. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Spinal arachnoid cysts in adults: diagnosis and management. (nih.gov)
  • Some complications of arachnoid cysts can occur when a cyst is damaged because of minor head trauma. (wikipedia.org)
  • In rare cases, arachnoid cysts form as a result of complications of surgery on the spinal cord or brain. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • If the cyst was caused by bleeding, trauma or infection in the brain, that brings its own set of complications. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Intradural spinal arachnoid cyst resection: implications of duraplasty in a large case series. (nih.gov)
  • Intradural Spinal Arachnoid Cyst: A Long-Term Postlaminectomy Complication: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. (nih.gov)
  • Trauma can cause the fluid within a cyst to leak into other areas (e.g., subarachnoid space). (wikipedia.org)
  • The main goal of arachnoid cyst treatment is to drain fluid from the cyst and relieve pressure. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Rarely, the cyst refills with fluid and needs to be treated again. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The surgeon inserts a tube into the cyst, which remains in place and allows the fluid to drain away and be absorbed elsewhere in the body. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • A cyst is a fluid-filled cavity. (mbbch.com)
  • An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-containing sac that mostly occurs in the head though it can also occur in the spinal cord. (mbbch.com)
  • An arachnoid cyst wall is not permeable and so the fluid cannot pass down to the CSF system thus this fluid keeps on accumulating. (mbbch.com)
  • In the second procedure, a shunt is put into the cyst to redirect the fluid present to another body part such as the stomach. (mbbch.com)
  • The cyst was surgically fenestrated, which provided some gait improvement. (childrensmercy.org)
  • For an asymptomatic case of an arachnoid cyst, it will most likely be drained by a doctor. (mbbch.com)
  • Those with asymptomatic cyst are able to live normally even with the cyst left untreated. (mbbch.com)
  • Usually the arachnoid cyst remains asymptomatic and incidentally picked -up on routine cranial imaging. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts can also occur secondary to other disorders such as Marfan syndrome, arachnoiditis, or agenesis of the corpus callosum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Health conditions that may cause an arachnoid cyst include Marfan syndrome, arachnoiditis, and agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC). (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • An axial T1-weighted MRI scan showing ventriculomegaly and a superiorly displaced posterior fossa cyst. (medscape.com)
  • The sagittal T1-weighted MRI shows a large posterior fossa cyst that is compressing the cerebellar hemispheres, vermis, fourth ventricle (arrow), and brainstem. (medscape.com)
  • A sagittal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in a 5-year-old girl (also see the following 2 images) shows a large posterior fossa cyst elevating the torcular herophili and sinus rectus (short arrow). (medscape.com)
  • The hypoplastic vermis is everted over the posterior fossa cyst (long arrow). (medscape.com)
  • A surgical procedure will allow the CSF better flow by opening the cyst, and there will be also be the opportunity to examine the cyst itself. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • The camera enables the visualization of the cyst and the surgical field. (mbbch.com)
  • Arachnoid Cysts: Clinical and Surgical Management gives a broad and updated presentation of the condition, including symptomatology, diagnostics, management and treatment. (afkebooks.com)
  • In children prospective studies of arachnoid cerebral cyst series are focused on the surgical treatment and no medication associated tot this pathology was analysed until yet. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • Surgical decompression of arachnoid cysts leads to improved quality of life: a prospective study-long-term follow-up. (uib.no)
  • Because there are different surgical therapy approaches for posterior fossa arachnoid cyst and Dandy-Walker malformation, it is essential to differentiate between the 2 entities. (medscape.com)
  • Discal cysts are rare intraspinal lesions. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Blake pouch cyst (Blake pouch remnant or persistent Blake pouch) is another posterior fossa embryologic anomaly that must be included in the differential diagnoses of Dandy-Walker malformation. (medscape.com)
  • [ 15 ] A retrospective analysis of fetal MRIs with posterior fossa malformations found that Dandy-Walker malformation could be differentiated from Blake pouch cyst by a significantly higher tegmentovermian angle (TVA) at any gestational age. (medscape.com)
  • I performed the first ever endoscopic posterior fossa arachnoid cyst surgery in the region. (akbarkhan.pk)
  • Classically, posterior fossa cystic malformations have been divided into Dandy-Walker malformation, Dandy-Walker variant, mega cisterna magna, and posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. (medscape.com)
  • Very rarely, permanent neurological injury can result from an expanding arachnoid cyst that was left untreated. (mbbch.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts occur in one of the three layers of tissue that surround the brain and spinal cord. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Seizures may also occur in infants with an arachnoid cyst. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • The secondary form of arachnoid cysts is those that occur much later in life. (mbbch.com)
  • Arachnoid cysts occur frequently in children. (mbbch.com)
  • The arachnoid is one of the three protective membranes of the brain and spinal cord. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • For example, a large arachnoid cyst may compress the nerves and vessels of the brain and spinal cord. (mbbch.com)
  • Retrocerebellar arachnoid cysts of developmental origin (see the image below) are uncommon but clinically important. (medscape.com)
  • Frequently, arachnoid cysts are incidental findings on MRI scans performed for other clinical reasons. (wikipedia.org)
  • in such cases, arachnoid cysts or arachnoid diverticula may be located subdurally or in the epidural space, respectively. (medscape.com)
  • Okamoto K, Nakasu Y, Sato M, Handa J: Isosexual precocious puberty associated with multilocular arachnoid cysts at the cranial base. (karger.com)
  • A decrease in the size of the intracranial cyst is evident, compared with CT images obtained at the same level (A and C). Meningeal enhancement was present on the postcontrast images (black arrows) and likely represents sterile meningitis from previous craniotomy. (avma.org)
  • T2-weighted sagittal MRI image (see next image for axial view) of the brain in a 28-year-old woman with an incidental finding of a superior cerebellar cistern arachnoid cyst (arrow). (medscape.com)
  • In a 2002 study involving 78 patients with a migraine or tension-type headache, CT scans showed abnormalities in over a third of the patients, though arachnoid cysts only accounted for 2.6% of patients in this study. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arachnoid cysts are generally discovered through abnormalities noted during an ultrasound in the second trimester of pregnancy. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Other brain anomalies reported with the syndrome include frontal polymicrogyria and gray matter heterotopia, cerebellar dysplasia, ventriculomegaly, and arachnoid cysts. (medscape.com)
  • Head injury or trauma can also result in a secondary arachnoid cyst. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Facial trauma with incidentally found an arachnoid cyst. (radiopaedia.org)
  • In a few cases, an arachnoid cyst can develop after a major trauma to the head and is then referred to as secondary arachnoid cyst. (doctorshealthpress.com)
  • Individuals can become diagnosed with arachnoid cysts at birth, but they can sometimes develop through serious head injury or trauma. (cnsomd.com)
  • However, others may develop cysts later in life due to serious head injury or trauma. (cnsomd.com)
  • Spinal arachnoid cysts are a rare pathology that can also cause spastic gait secondary to spinal cord compression. (childrensmercy.org)
  • discal cysts are rare pathology. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most of reported cysts were associated with extension from interhemispheric fissure to either one side across the midline. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Arachnoid cerebral cysts can create great anxiety to families of the affected child. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • Medication Used in Neurologic Disorders Associated and/or Concomitant with Cerebral Arachnoid Cysts in Children', Revista de Chimie, 69(1), pp. 80-85. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • The hypoattenuating intracranial cyst (white caret [A, B, and C]) is located in the longitudinal cerebral fissure and markedly displaces and compresses the cerebrum. (avma.org)
  • A large T2-hyperintense, T1-hypointense intracranial cyst (black caret [A-D]) was located in the longitudinal cerebral fissure. (avma.org)
  • Multiomic analyses implicate a neurodevelopmental program in the pathogenesis of cerebral arachnoid cysts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Preoperative, operative and postoperative radiological examinations and operative notes of 31 patients with spinal arachnoid cyst operated on during 2002-2009 at the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, were evaluated. (nih.gov)
  • iCliniq / Answers / Neurology / Arachnoid Cyst / What could cause epilepsy and arachnoid cyst in a 30-year-old? (icliniq.com)