National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)
Ricin
Pulmonary Edema
Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2
Antibacterial potentiality of Argemone mexicana solvent extracts against some pathogenic bacteria. (1/3)
The sensitivity of two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) pathogenic multi-drug resistant bacteria was tested against the crude extracts (cold aqueous, hot aqueous, and methanol extracts) of leaves and seeds of Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae) by agar well diffusion method. Though all the extracts were found effective, yet the methanol extract showed maximum inhibition against the test microorganisms followed by hot aqueous extract and cold aqueous extract. (+info)Evaluation of toxicity of plant extracts against vector of lymphatic filariasis, Culex quinquefasciatus. (2/3)
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Conventional insecticides are generally used as larvicides to control Culex quinquefasciatus, vector of lymphatic filariasis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the larvicidal activity of some potential larvicidal plants leaf extracts against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. METHODS: The toxic effects of petroleum ether leaf extracts of plants viz., Argemone mexicana (Mexican prickly poppy), Clausena dentata (Dentate), Cipadessa baccifera (Rana bili), Dodonaea angustifolia (Hop bush) and Melia dubia (Pride of India) were evaluated under laboratory conditions in individual and in combination against 3 rd - 4 th instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. RESULTS: The results indicated that among the selected plants, A. mexicana showed maximum larvicidal activity with an LC 50 value of 48.89 ppm. Its toxicity was enhanced when the extract was mixed (1:1) with that of C. dentata as the LC 50 value became 28.60 ppm indicating synergistic action of A. mexicana. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed high larvicidal potential in A. mexicana leaf extract, and it also showed additive effect when mixed with C. dentata extract. (+info)Pharmacological efficacy of argemone mexicana plant extract, against cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration in rats. (3/3)
(+info)'Argemone' is the medical term for a genus of plants in the poppy family, also known as Mexican prickly poppy or thorn apple. The most common species is Argemone mexicana. These plants contain several toxic alkaloids and can cause skin irritation, eye inflammation, and digestive issues if ingested. They are native to North America but have been introduced to many other parts of the world as invasive weeds.
'Abrus' is a term that refers to a genus of plants in the pea family (Fabaceae), specifically to the tropical and subtropical species of the genus *Abrus*. The most well-known species is *Abrus precatorius*, also known as Jequirity, Crab's Eye, or Rosary Pea. This plant has gained notoriety due to its seeds, which contain a potent toxin called abrin.
The abrin toxin is found in the seeds' endosperm and is extremely toxic if ingested or even handled and then accidentally introduced into the body through mucous membranes or broken skin. It functions by inhibiting protein synthesis within cells, leading to cell death and potentially severe health consequences, including organ failure and even death in extreme cases.
It's important to note that all parts of the *Abrus* plant contain toxic compounds, but the seeds are particularly dangerous due to their high concentration of abrin. The seeds are often used in jewelry or rosaries, and great care should be taken when handling them to avoid exposure to the toxin.
In medical terms, shock is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow or when the circulatory system is not functioning properly to distribute oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and organs. This results in a state of hypoxia (lack of oxygen) and cellular dysfunction, which can lead to multiple organ failure and death if left untreated.
Shock can be caused by various factors such as severe blood loss, infection, trauma, heart failure, allergic reactions, and severe burns. The symptoms of shock include low blood pressure, rapid pulse, cool and clammy skin, rapid and shallow breathing, confusion, weakness, and a bluish color to the lips and nails. Immediate medical attention is required for proper diagnosis and treatment of shock.
Ricin is defined as a highly toxic protein that is derived from the seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis). It can be produced as a white, powdery substance or a mistable aerosol. Ricin works by getting inside cells and preventing them from making the proteins they need. Without protein, cells die. Eventually, this can cause organ failure and death.
It is not easily inhaled or absorbed through the skin, but if ingested or injected, it can be lethal in very small amounts. There is no antidote for ricin poisoning - treatment consists of supportive care. Ricin has been used as a bioterrorism agent in the past and continues to be a concern due to its relative ease of production and potential high toxicity.
Pulmonary edema is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli (air sacs) and interstitial spaces (the area surrounding the alveoli) within the lungs. This buildup of fluid can lead to impaired gas exchange, resulting in shortness of breath, coughing, and difficulty breathing, especially when lying down. Pulmonary edema is often a complication of heart failure, but it can also be caused by other conditions such as pneumonia, trauma, or exposure to certain toxins.
In the early stages of pulmonary edema, patients may experience mild symptoms such as shortness of breath during physical activity. However, as the condition progresses, symptoms can become more severe and include:
* Severe shortness of breath, even at rest
* Wheezing or coughing up pink, frothy sputum
* Rapid breathing and heart rate
* Anxiety or restlessness
* Bluish discoloration of the skin (cyanosis) due to lack of oxygen
Pulmonary edema can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, chest X-ray, and other diagnostic tests such as echocardiography or CT scan. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition, as well as providing supportive care such as supplemental oxygen, diuretics to help remove excess fluid from the body, and medications to help reduce anxiety and improve breathing. In severe cases, mechanical ventilation may be necessary to support respiratory function.
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are a class of toxic proteins that inhibit protein synthesis in cells by modifying ribosomal RNA. They can be found in various plants, animals, and bacteria. Type 2 RIPs are characterized by their structure, which consists of two separate polypeptide chains: an A chain with N-glycosidase activity that removes an adenine residue from a specific site on the 28S rRNA, and a B chain that facilitates the binding of the A chain to the ribosome. The B chain is a lectin domain that allows for specific recognition and binding to glycoconjugates on the cell surface, leading to internalization of the RIP into the cell. Type 2 RIPs are known for their ability to inhibit protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, making them potential candidates for use in cancer therapy and other medical applications.
Disaster planning in a medical context refers to the process of creating and implementing a comprehensive plan for responding to emergencies or large-scale disasters that can impact healthcare facilities, services, and patient care. The goal of disaster planning is to minimize the impact of such events on the health and well-being of patients and communities, ensure continuity of medical services, and protect healthcare infrastructure and resources.
Disaster planning typically involves:
1. Risk assessment: Identifying potential hazards and assessing their likelihood and potential impact on healthcare facilities and services.
2. Developing a disaster plan: Creating a detailed plan that outlines the steps to be taken before, during, and after a disaster to ensure the safety of patients, staff, and visitors, as well as the continuity of medical care.
3. Training and education: Providing training and education to healthcare personnel on disaster preparedness, response, and recovery.
4. Exercises and drills: Conducting regular exercises and drills to test the effectiveness of the disaster plan and identify areas for improvement.
5. Resource management: Identifying and securing necessary resources, such as medical supplies, equipment, and personnel, to support disaster response efforts.
6. Communication and coordination: Establishing clear communication protocols and coordinating with local emergency responders, public health authorities, and other healthcare facilities to ensure a coordinated response to disasters.
7. Recovery and restoration: Developing plans for restoring medical services and infrastructure after a disaster has occurred.
Disaster planning is an essential component of healthcare delivery and is critical to ensuring the safety and well-being of patients and communities during emergencies or large-scale disasters.
Argemone
Argemone platyceras
Argemone ochroleuca
Argemone glauca
Argemone munita
Argemone mexicana
Argemone polyanthemos
Roemeria argemone
Argemone pleiacantha
Argemone albiflora
Argemone corymbosa
Argemone pinnatisecta
Traditional African medicine
Epidemic dropsy
Sanguinarine
Cryptopine
List of Ngorongoro Crater plants
Allocryptopine
El Paso Museum of Archaeology
Kuno National Park
Jayakwadi Dam
1998 Delhi oil poisoning
Lamprocapnos
List of plants of Burkina Faso
List of Ranunculales of South Africa
Roemeria
Thalamiflorae
6-O-methylnorlaudanosoline 5'-O-methyltransferase
List of flora of Indiana
Chambal River
Argemone - Wikipedia
Western USA wildflowers: Flatbud Prickly Poppy, Argemone Munita
PAPAVER ARGEMONE | SCQ
Argemone grandiflora in Flora of Taiwan Checklist @ efloras.org
argemone-off subject
Argemone sanguinea Greene - The Plant List
Argemone glauca (Papaveraceae) - HEAR species info
CalPhotos: Argemone squarrosa ssp. glabrata (introgressed?); Hedgehog Pricklypoppy
Argemone mexicana - Mexican Prickly Poppy
Argemone mexicana - Species Page - ISB: Atlas of Florida Plants
Seedbank persistence and emergence pattern of Argemone Mexicana, Rapistrum Rugosum and Sonchus Leraceus in the Eastern Grain...
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Argemone mexicana Aerial Part Extracts on CCL 4 Induced Liver Damage in Wistar Rats...
Argemone glauca (ARGGL)[Overview]| EPPO Global Database
argemone-mexicana
Argemone pleiacantha - JC Raulston Arboretum Plants
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin
Red Pricklypoppy (Argemone sanguinea) | Rich Leighton
Photo: Argemone ochroleuca 1. | Henriette's Herbal Homepage
ARGEMONE MEXIC Ø (MOTHER TINCTURE)-KAMAL - HomoeopathOnline
Prickly Poppy (Argemone polyanthemos) - Forgiveness - Pegasus Products
Argemone glauca Seeds - Center for Plant Conservation
argemone mexicana Archives - Online Homeopathic Doctor Consultation | Dr. Mahesh
Flora of Mozambique: Species information: individual images: Argemone mexicana
Flora of Malawi: Species information: individual images: Argemone ochroleuca
Digital Atlas of the Virginia Flora | Argemone mexicana L.
Argemone Mexicana Q - Mother Tincture | Dr. Masood ® - Dr. Masood Homoeopathic Pharmaceuticals
Specimen Details - The William & Lynda Steere Herbarium
Abrin: Biotoxin | NIOSH | CDC
Mexicana11
- Argemone mexicana var. (theplantlist.org)
- Argemone mexicana Linnaeus, forma leiocarpa (Greene) G. B. Ownbey, Mem. (usf.edu)
- BASIONYM: Argemone mexicana Linnaeus 1753. (usf.edu)
- This study is carried out on Wistar rats to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of Argemone mexicana L aerial part extracts against CCL_4 induced acute liver damages. (airitilibrary.com)
- The aqueous and methanol extracts of Argemone mexicana areal part were given at different doses, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg/day Methanol extract, and 400 mg/kg/day orally of aqueous extract for 5 days under CCL_4 induction at 3^(rd) day. (airitilibrary.com)
- Argemone mexicana L. at dose 100 mg/kg indeed has a reasonable potential in healing liver parenchyma and regeneration of liver cells hence it may acts as a potent liver tonic. (airitilibrary.com)
- Argemone barclayana Penny ex Loudon, Argemone mexicana L. var. (henriettes-herb.com)
- Argemone Mexicana Q Mother Tincture by Dr Masood Homeoapthic Pharma. (com.pk)
- The present study aimed to investigate the schistosomicidal effects of the methanolic extract of Argemone mexicana L. and its active component, berberine against Schistosoma mansoni on in-vitro experiments. (ac.ir)
- 7. Brahmachari G, Gorai D, Roy R. Argemone mexicana: chemical and pharmacological aspects. (ac.ir)
- Cytotoxic Benzophenanthridine and Benzylisoquinoline Alka-loids from Argemone mexicana. (ac.ir)
Papaveraceae4
- Argemone is a genus of flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae commonly known as prickly poppies. (wikipedia.org)
- This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Argemone (family Papaveraceae ). (theplantlist.org)
- Links to high-resolution free images of Argemone glauca (Papaveraceae) (pua kala) by Forest & Kim Starr (USGS) are available here. (hear.org)
- The effects of 2 concentrations (15 and 30%) of ethanolic Argemone ochroleuca Sweet (Papaveraceae) extracts were determined on the feeding behavior and development of 3rd instar larvae of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) through their continuous ingestion of treated maize leaves for 48 h. (bioone.org)
Munita1
- The large white flowers of argemone munita have six petals, in contrast to most other species of this genus, which have four. (americansouthwest.net)
Ochroleuca3
- BASIONYM: Argemone ochroleuca Sweet 1828. (usf.edu)
- Argemone ochroleuca Sweet, Brit. (usf.edu)
- Photo: Argemone ochroleuca 1. (henriettes-herb.com)
Genus1
- as A. armeniaca L.) "Genus: Argemone L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. (wikipedia.org)
Albiflora2
- Argemone albiflora ssp. (wildflower.org)
- Argemone albiflora Hornem. (regionalconservation.org)
Glauca6
- Information about Argemone glauca is available from the National Tropical Botanical Garden (NTBG). (hear.org)
- Nomenclatural information about Argemone glauca is provided by USDA/ARS/NGRP/GRIN . (hear.org)
- The Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS provides authoritative taxonomic information on Argemone glauca , as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world. (hear.org)
- Nomenclatural information about Argemone glauca is provided by The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) . (hear.org)
- Images of Argemone glauca are provided online by Maui artist/photographer Jupiter Nielsen. (hear.org)
- Images of Argemone glauca by Karl Magnacca are available online. (hear.org)
Greene3
Germination1
- I can't throw a light on your germination problems with the coloured Argemone variants but cannot see why these forms shouldn't produce fertile seeds. (pacificbulbsociety.org)
Seeds1
- Seed of yellowish Argemone types is sometimes offered by Chiltern Seeds if I remember well. (pacificbulbsociety.org)
India1
- Argemone oil poisoning is relatively common in India, where it is known as epidemic dropsy and is a result of argemone oil being added as an adulterant to mustard oil. (medscape.com)
Linnaeus1
- Argemone Linnaeus. (unc.edu)
Platyceras1
- Argemone platyceras auct. (irmng.org)
Papaver1
- David Hollombe adds the following: "The Greek Argemone is Papaver argemone . (florafinder.com)
Alkaloids2
- The alkaloids of Argemone have been studied extensively. (asu.edu)
- I have read stories of our Argemone being used medicinally in place of P. argemone in India, resulting in glaucoma because of the differing alkaloids in the two plants. (florafinder.com)
Butter1
- What chemical test would you perform to detect (i) vanaspati in butter, (ii) Argemone oil in groundnut oil and (iii) Metanil yellow in pulses? (preservearticles.com)
Content1
- A full evaluation of the importance of alkaloidal content to Argemone taxonomy and evolution has not been published, but there is little doubt that it is highly significant. (asu.edu)
Color1
- Appearance of a red or reddish-brown color in the acid layer shows the presence of argemone oil in the groundnut oil. (preservearticles.com)