Behcet Syndrome
Panniculitis, Nodular Nonsuppurative
Erythema Nodosum
Philately
Numismatics
Epididymitis
Mesenteric Artery, Inferior
Eponyms
Skin Diseases, Vascular
Aneurysm
HLA-B51 Antigen
Penicillin G Benzathine
Varicocele
Down Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome X
Stomatitis, Aphthous
Encyclopedias as Topic
Oral Ulcer
Autoantibodies to T cell costimulatory molecules in systemic autoimmune diseases. (1/725)
To determine whether antilymphocyte Abs to T cell costimulatory molecules are generated in patients with autoimmune diseases and, if they exist, to clarify the mechanism of their production and pathological roles, we investigated the presence of autoantibodies to CTLA-4 (CD152), CD28, B7-1 (CD80), and B7-2 (CD86) in serum samples obtained from patients with various autoimmune diseases and from normal subjects using recombinant fusion proteins. In ELISAs, anti-CD28, anti-B7-1, and anti-B7-2 Abs were rarely seen, whereas anti-CTLA-4 Abs were detected in 8.2% of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 18.8% of those with rheumatoid arthritis, 3.1% of those with systemic sclerosis, 31.8% of those with Behcet's disease, 13.3% of those with Sjogren's syndrome, and 0% of healthy donors. This reactivity was confirmed by immunoblotting. More importantly, the purified anti-CTLA-4 Abs reacted with CTLA-4 expressed on P815 cells by flow cytometry. In addition, we found at least three epitopes on the CTLA-4 molecule. Furthermore, among the patients with Behcet's disease, uveitis was seen significantly less frequently in the anti-CTLA-4 Ab-positive patients. Taken collectively, these data indicate that anti-CTLA-4 autoantibodies are generated in systemic autoimmune diseases by an Ag-driven mechanism and may modulate the immune response in vivo by binding to CTLA-4 on T cells. (+info)The critical region for Behcet disease in the human major histocompatibility complex is reduced to a 46-kb segment centromeric of HLA-B, by association analysis using refined microsatellite mapping. (2/725)
The HLA-B51 allele is known to be associated with Behcet disease. Recently, we found a higher risk for Behcet disease in the MICA gene, 46 kb centromeric of HLA-B, by investigation of GCT repetitive polymorphism within exon 5 of MICA. The pathogenic gene causing Behcet disease, however, has remained uncertain. Here, eight polymorphic microsatellite markers, distributed over a 900-kb region surrounding the HLA-B locus, were subjected to association analysis for Behcet disease. Statistical studies of associated alleles detected on each microsatellite locus showed that the pathogenic gene for Behcet disease is most likely found within a 46-kb segment between the MICA and HLA-B genes. The results of this mapping study, and the results of an earlier study of ours, suggest that MICA is a strong candidate gene for the development of Behcet disease. (+info)Behcet's disease sera containing antiendothelial cell antibodies promote adhesion of T lymphocytes to cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. (3/725)
Antiendothelial cell antibodies (AECA) have been detected in the sera of patients of autoimmune diseases showing vasculitis. Using IgM-ELISA, we found AECA in 42 (56%) of 75 sera samples from patients with Behcet's disease in a previous study. All of the 15 AECA-positive sera of Behcet's disease patients had an increased expression of the intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), 93.3% of the sera induced the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and 100% of the serum induced the E-selectin molecule on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC). After stimulation of HDMEC with AECA-positive sera of Behcet's disease patients, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on HDMEC increased significantly at 4 hours, reaching a peak at 16 hours. Expression of E-selectin was induced at 1 hour after stimulation with a peak at 4 hours and it decreased thereafter. Adherence of T lymphocytes to HDMEC increased significantly after stimulation with AECA-positive sera from Behcet's disease patients. Also, the adherence of T lymphocytes to HDMEC increased at 4 hours and returned to its normal level at 48 hours. These results show that AECA-positive sera of Behcet's disease patients are capable of activating HDMEC to promote the adherence of T lymphocytes to increase the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin on the cell surfaces. The whole process may play an important role in the pathogenesis of vasculitis in Behcet's disease. (+info)Childhood Behcet's disease: clinical features and comparison with adult-onset disease. (4/725)
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical spectrum of Behcet's disease (BD) in childhood, in comparison to adult-onset disease. METHODS: Nineteen children, who fulfilled disease criteria up to the age of 16 yr, were studied. The results were compared to those of 34 adult patients with BD. An activity index and severity score were calculated for both study groups. RESULTS: The mean age of disease onset was 6.9+/-3.9 yr, similar ages of onset were found in males and females. The clinical spectrum of childhood BD resembled that of adult disease; however, the prevalence of certain manifestations was different between children and adults. Children with BD had significantly less genital ulcers, less vascular thromboses and more non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as central nervous system involvement and arthralgia. A relatively high prevalence of uveitis was found in childhood BD. The activity index and severity score were significantly lower in children than in adults. CONCLUSION: Our results point to a similar systemic expression of BD in children and adults; however, the disease seems to run a less severe course in children. (+info)Anti-Sa antibody in Chinese rheumatoid arthritis. (5/725)
OBJECTIVE: To test anti-Sa antibody in different autoimmune connective tissue diseases and analyze the relationship between Sa antibody and clinical manifestations and laboratory tests in rheumatoid arthritis. METHOD: Sa antigen was extracted from human placenta. Anti-Sa antibody was tested in 40 normal people and 478 connective tissue disease (CTD) patients using Western Blotting (WB). RESULTS: Sa antigen was a protein with molecular weights of 50 kD and 55 kD. Anti-Sa antibody was positive in 31.9% (61/191) rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 3.0% (2/67) Sjogren's syndrome (SS), 4.3% (2/46) systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE) and 0% (0/66) Behcet's disease, 0% (0/60) polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), 0% (0/66) other CTD and 0% (0/40) normal controls. Anti-Sa antibody was different from other auto-antibodies in RA. In rheumatoid arthritis its sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction rate, negative prediction rate were 31.9%, 98.6%, 93.8% and 68.5% respectively. Anti-Sa antibody positive patients were significantly different from anti-Sa antibody negative patients in moming stiffness, ESR, ANA and X-ray grade. CONCLUSION: Anti-Sa antibody was a new auto-antibody for the diagnosis of RA. Anti-Sa antibody positive patients seem to have more serious inflammation and more advanced disease process. (+info)Oligoclonal T cell expansions in patients with Behcet's disease. (6/725)
Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder with oral and genital ulcers, mucocutaneous, ocular, joint, vascular and central nervous system involvement. In this study, the peripheral T cell repertoire was analysed in patients with BD with MoAbs against T cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta gene products in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments, and these were compared with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy controls (HC). In the CD4+ T cell compartment, oligoclonal TCR Vbeta expression was observed in 56% of BD (10/18), 71% of RA (5/7) patients and 21% (3/14) of HC. In the CD8+ T cell group 50% of BD (9/18), 57% of RA patients and 28% of HC (4/14) had an oligoclonal TCR repertoire. An increase of TCR Vbeta5.1 subset was observed in five BD patients among CD8+ T cells. Other elevations of TCR Vbeta subsets were heterogeneously distributed with one to three different Vbeta subsets. Our results suggest an antigen-driven oligoclonal increase of T cells in BD. There was no overall increase in any Vbeta group to suggest a superantigen effect. Analysis of the responsible antigens causing the increase in T cell subsets may give insights into the aetiopathogenesis of BD and immunomodulation of these T cells may lead to new treatments. (+info)Neuro-Behcet's disease presenting with isolated unilateral lateral rectus muscle palsy. (7/725)
The authors present the clinical findings of a 30-year-old female and a 29-year-old male who both had isolated unilateral lateral rectus muscle palsy in neuro-Behcet's disease. The clinical feature related to isolated abduscens nerve palsy was identified by CT, systemic assessment and extraocular examination. These patients' constellation of findings appear to be unique: it does not follow any previously reported pattern of ocular manifestations of neuro-Behcet's disease. (+info)Association of MICA gene and HLA-B*5101 with Behcet's disease in Greece. (8/725)
PURPOSE: Behcet's disease (BD) is known to be associated with HLA-B51 in many different ethnic groups. Recently MICA, a member of a novel family of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes termed MIC (MHC class I chain-related genes), was identified near the HLA-B gene, and a triplet repeat microsatellite polymorphism was found in the transmembrane (TM) region. Because a strong association with BD of one particular MICA-TM allele, A6, was shown in a Japanese population, the present study was conducted to investigate microsatellite polymorphism in Greek patients with BD to know whether this association is generally observed in BD occurring in other populations. METHODS: Thirty-eight Greek patients with BD and 40 ethnically matched control subjects were examined for MICA microsatellite polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequent automated fragment detection by fluorescent-based technology. RESULTS: Similar to the Japanese patients with BD, the phenotype frequency of the MICA-TM A6 allele was significantly increased in the Greek patients with BD (50.0% in control subjects versus 86.8% in BD cases), with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.60 (P = 0.0012). The MICA-A6 allele was found in a high frequency both in males and females (weighted OR = 6.68; P = 0.0017). No association was found between the A6 allele and several disease features. A strong association exists between the MICA-TM A6 allele and the B*5101 allele in both the control subjects and patients with BD (weighted OR = 44.39; P = 0.0000023). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed in Greek patients a strong association of BD with a particular MICA-TM allele, MICA-A6, providing insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the development of BD. (+info)Behçet syndrome is a rare inflammatory disease that can cause symptoms in various parts of the body. It's characterized by recurrent mouth sores (aphthous ulcers), genital sores, and inflammation of the eyes (uveitis). The condition may also cause skin lesions, joint pain and swelling, and inflammation of the digestive tract, brain, or spinal cord.
The exact cause of Behçet syndrome is not known, but it's thought to be an autoimmune disorder, in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues. The condition tends to affect men more often than women and typically develops during a person's 20s or 30s.
There is no cure for Behçet syndrome, but treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics to reduce inflammation, as well as pain relievers and other supportive therapies.
Nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis is a rare inflammatory condition that affects the subcutaneous fat tissue. The term "nonsuppurative" indicates that it does not involve pus formation or suppuration, unlike some other forms of panniculitis.
In nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis, multiple, firm, and occasionally tender nodules develop in the subcutaneous fat layer, usually on the lower extremities but can also occur on the abdomen, arms, and trunk. These nodules may vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.
The etiology of nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis is not well understood, although it has been associated with various conditions such as autoimmune disorders (e.g., lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis), infections (e.g., hepatitis C, HIV), medications (e.g., bromocriptine, interferon), and malignancies (e.g., lymphoma).
Histologically, the condition is characterized by a lobular inflammatory infiltrate predominantly composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and occasionally plasma cells, with sparing of septa. The overlying skin may appear normal or show mild changes such as erythema or induration.
Treatment for nodular nonsuppurative panniculitis depends on the underlying cause. If an associated condition or medication is identified, addressing it may lead to resolution of the panniculitis. In cases where no specific cause is found, various treatments such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and antimalarials have been used with varying success rates.
Erythema nodosum is a type of inflammation that occurs in the fatty layer of the skin, causing painful, red or purple bumps (nodules) to form. It is a type of panniculitis, which refers to any condition that causes inflammation of the fatty layer of tissue beneath the skin.
Erythema nodosum is often associated with a variety of underlying conditions, such as infections (e.g., streptococcus, tuberculosis), medications (e.g., sulfa drugs, oral contraceptives), inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), and pregnancy.
The bumps associated with erythema nodosum typically appear on the shins, ankles, knees, or other areas of the legs, although they can also occur on the arms, hands, or face. The bumps may be tender to the touch, warm, and swollen, and they may cause pain or discomfort when walking or standing for prolonged periods.
In most cases, erythema nodosum resolves on its own within a few weeks to several months, although symptoms can be managed with medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. Treating the underlying condition is also important for resolving erythema nodosum and preventing recurrences.
A syndrome, in medical terms, is a set of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or underlying pathological process. It's essentially a collection of signs and/or symptoms that frequently occur together and can suggest a particular cause or condition, even though the exact physiological mechanisms might not be fully understood.
For example, Down syndrome is characterized by specific physical features, cognitive delays, and other developmental issues resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Similarly, metabolic syndromes like diabetes mellitus type 2 involve a group of risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels that collectively increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
It's important to note that a syndrome is not a specific diagnosis; rather, it's a pattern of symptoms that can help guide further diagnostic evaluation and management.
Philately is not a medical term. It is actually a term used to describe the hobby or study of stamps, postmarks, and postal history. The word comes from the Greek "philos" meaning "lover" and "ateleia" meaning "exemption from taxes," which described the early stamps that were used to indicate payment of taxes on mail. It's a bit surprising that you asked for a medical definition of this term, as it is not related to medicine in any way.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "numismatics" is not a term typically used in medical definitions. Numismatics is the study or collection of coins, tokens, and currency, including their history, design, and cultural significance. It is not a medical concept or diagnosis. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health concerns, I would be happy to try to help with those instead!
Epididymitis is defined as the inflammation of the epididymis, a curved tube-like structure located at the back of the testicle that stores and transports sperm. The inflammation can result from infection, trauma, or other causes, and may cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and tenderness in the scrotum. In some cases, epididymitis may also be associated with urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections, or other medical conditions. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to treat any underlying infection, as well as pain relief measures and supportive care to help reduce symptoms and promote healing.
The Inferior Mesenteric Artery (IMA) is a major artery that supplies blood to the distal portion of the large intestine, including the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. It originates from the abdominal aorta, typically at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3), and descends anteriorly to the left psoas major muscle before crossing the iliac crest and entering the pelvis.
Once in the pelvis, the IMA divides into several branches, including the left colic artery, which supplies the descending colon; the sigmoidal branches, which supply the sigmoid colon; and the superior rectal artery, which supplies the upper part of the rectum. The inferior mesenteric artery plays a crucial role in maintaining blood flow to the distal gut and is often evaluated during surgical procedures involving the abdomen or pelvis.
An eponym is a name derived from a person, usually the person who first described a medical condition or invention. In medicine, eponyms are often used to describe specific signs, symptoms, conditions, or diagnostic tests. For example, Alzheimer's disease is named after Alois Alzheimer, who first described the condition in 1906. Similarly, Parkinson's disease is named after James Parkinson, who first described it in 1817.
Eponyms can be helpful in medical communication because they provide a quick and easy way to refer to specific medical concepts. However, they can also be confusing or misleading, especially when the eponym's origin is not well-known or when different eponyms are used for the same concept. Therefore, it is essential to use eponyms appropriately and understand their underlying medical concepts.
Vascular skin diseases are a group of medical conditions that affect the blood vessels in the skin. These disorders can be caused by problems with the structure or function of the blood vessels, which can lead to various symptoms such as redness, discoloration, pain, itching, and ulcerations. Some examples of vascular skin diseases include:
1. Rosacea: a chronic skin condition that causes redness, flushing, and visible blood vessels in the face.
2. Eczema: a group of inflammatory skin conditions that can cause redness, itching, and dryness. Some types of eczema, such as varicose eczema, are associated with problems with the veins.
3. Psoriasis: an autoimmune condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin. Some people with psoriasis may also develop psoriatic arthritis, which can affect the blood vessels in the skin and joints.
4. Vasculitis: a group of conditions that cause inflammation of the blood vessels. This can lead to symptoms such as redness, pain, and ulcerations.
5. Livedo reticularis: a condition that causes a net-like pattern of discoloration on the skin, usually on the legs. It is caused by abnormalities in the small blood vessels.
6. Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a rare condition that causes inflammation of the small blood vessels, leading to purple spots on the skin and joint pain.
7. Raynaud's phenomenon: a condition that affects the blood vessels in the fingers and toes, causing them to become narrow and restrict blood flow in response to cold temperatures or stress.
Treatment for vascular skin diseases depends on the specific condition and its severity. It may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.
An aneurysm is a localized, balloon-like bulge in the wall of a blood vessel. It occurs when the pressure inside the vessel causes a weakened area to swell and become enlarged. Aneurysms can develop in any blood vessel, but they are most common in arteries at the base of the brain (cerebral aneurysm) and the main artery carrying blood from the heart to the rest of the body (aortic aneurysm).
Aneurysms can be classified as saccular or fusiform, depending on their shape. A saccular aneurysm is a round or oval bulge that projects from the side of a blood vessel, while a fusiform aneurysm is a dilated segment of a blood vessel that is uniform in width and involves all three layers of the arterial wall.
The size and location of an aneurysm can affect its risk of rupture. Generally, larger aneurysms are more likely to rupture than smaller ones. Aneurysms located in areas with high blood pressure or where the vessel branches are also at higher risk of rupture.
Ruptured aneurysms can cause life-threatening bleeding and require immediate medical attention. Symptoms of a ruptured aneurysm may include sudden severe headache, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, or loss of consciousness. Unruptured aneurysms may not cause any symptoms and are often discovered during routine imaging tests for other conditions.
Treatment options for aneurysms depend on their size, location, and risk of rupture. Small, unruptured aneurysms may be monitored with regular imaging tests to check for growth or changes. Larger or symptomatic aneurysms may require surgical intervention, such as clipping or coiling, to prevent rupture and reduce the risk of complications.
HLA-B51 is a specific type of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class I histocompatibility antigen. Histocompatibility antigens are proteins found on the surface of cells that help the immune system recognize and distinguish between "self" and "non-self."
The HLA-B51 antigen is encoded by the HLA-B gene, which is located on chromosome 6. This particular antigen has been associated with a higher risk of developing certain autoimmune diseases, such as Behçet's disease, a rare inflammatory disorder that causes symptoms such as mouth sores, genital sores, eye inflammation, and skin lesions.
It is important to note that while the presence of HLA-B51 antigen may increase the risk of developing Behçet's disease, it does not necessarily mean that an individual will definitely develop the condition. Other genetic and environmental factors are also believed to play a role in its development.
Penicillin G Benzathine is a type of antibiotic that is used to treat various bacterial infections. According to the International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Penicillin G Benzathine is a "water-soluble salt of penicillin G, which has a very high degree of stability and provides prolonged low-level serum concentrations after intramuscular injection."
It is often used to treat infections caused by streptococci and treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes syphilis. Penicillin G Benzathine works by interfering with the ability of these bacteria to form a cell wall, which is essential for their survival. Without a functional cell wall, the bacteria are unable to grow and multiply, and are eventually destroyed by the body's immune system.
Penicillin G Benzathine is typically administered via intramuscular injection, and its prolonged release allows for less frequent dosing compared to other forms of penicillin. However, it may not be suitable for all patients, particularly those with a history of allergic reactions to penicillin or other antibiotics. As with any medication, Penicillin G Benzathine should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
A varicocele is defined as an abnormal dilation and tortuosity (twisting or coiling) of the pampiniform plexus, which is a network of veins that surrounds the spermatic cord in the scrotum. This condition is most commonly found on the left side, and it's more prevalent in men of reproductive age.
The dilation of these veins can cause a decrease in the temperature around the testicle, leading to impaired sperm production, reduced sperm quality, and, in some cases, pain or discomfort. Varicoceles are often asymptomatic but may present as a scrotal mass, discomfort, or infertility issues. In severe cases or when accompanied by symptoms, treatment options include surgical ligation (tying off) or embolization of the affected veins to improve testicular function and alleviate symptoms.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by intellectual and developmental disabilities, distinctive facial features, and sometimes physical growth delays and health problems. The condition affects approximately one in every 700 babies born in the United States.
Individuals with Down syndrome have varying degrees of cognitive impairment, ranging from mild to moderate or severe. They may also have delayed development, including late walking and talking, and may require additional support and education services throughout their lives.
People with Down syndrome are at increased risk for certain health conditions, such as congenital heart defects, respiratory infections, hearing loss, vision problems, gastrointestinal issues, and thyroid disorders. However, many individuals with Down syndrome live healthy and fulfilling lives with appropriate medical care and support.
The condition is named after John Langdon Down, an English physician who first described the syndrome in 1866.
Metabolic syndrome, also known as Syndrome X, is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. It is not a single disease but a group of risk factors that often co-occur. According to the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, a person has metabolic syndrome if they have any three of the following five conditions:
1. Abdominal obesity (waist circumference of 40 inches or more in men, and 35 inches or more in women)
2. Triglyceride level of 150 milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL) or greater
3. HDL cholesterol level of less than 40 mg/dL in men or less than 50 mg/dL in women
4. Systolic blood pressure of 130 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or greater, or diastolic blood pressure of 85 mmHg or greater
5. Fasting glucose level of 100 mg/dL or greater
Metabolic syndrome is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, such as physical inactivity and a diet high in refined carbohydrates and unhealthy fats. Treatment typically involves making lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and losing weight if necessary. In some cases, medication may also be needed to manage individual components of the syndrome, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
Aphthous stomatitis, also known simply as canker sores, is a medical condition that involves the development of small, painful ulcers in the mouth. These ulcers typically appear on the inside of the lips or cheeks, under the tongue, or on the gums. They are usually round or oval with a white or yellow center and a red border.
Aphthous stomatitis is not contagious and is thought to be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, hormonal changes, nutritional deficiencies, and injury to the mouth. The ulcers typically heal on their own within one to two weeks, although larger or more severe sores may take longer to heal.
Treatment for aphthous stomatitis is generally focused on relieving symptoms, as there is no cure for the condition. This may include using over-the-counter mouth rinses or topical gels to numb the area and reduce pain, as well as avoiding spicy, acidic, or hard foods that can irritate the ulcers. In some cases, prescription medications may be necessary to help manage more severe or persistent cases of aphthous stomatitis.
The hard palate is the anterior, bony part of the roof of the mouth, forming a vertical partition between the oral and nasal cavities. It is composed of the maxilla and palatine bones, and provides attachment for the muscles of the soft palate, which functions in swallowing, speaking, and breathing. The hard palate also contains taste buds that contribute to our ability to taste food.
An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.
Lymphadenitis is a medical term that refers to the inflammation of one or more lymph nodes, which are small, bean-shaped glands that are part of the body's immune system. Lymph nodes contain white blood cells called lymphocytes, which help fight infection and disease.
Lymphadenitis can occur as a result of an infection in the area near the affected lymph node or as a result of a systemic infection that has spread through the bloodstream. The inflammation causes the lymph node to become swollen, tender, and sometimes painful to the touch.
The symptoms of lymphadenitis may include fever, fatigue, and redness or warmth in the area around the affected lymph node. In some cases, the overlying skin may also appear red and inflamed. Lymphadenitis can occur in any part of the body where there are lymph nodes, including the neck, armpits, groin, and abdomen.
The underlying cause of lymphadenitis must be diagnosed and treated promptly to prevent complications such as the spread of infection or the formation of an abscess. Treatment may include antibiotics, pain relievers, and warm compresses to help reduce swelling and discomfort.
Pharyngitis is the medical term for inflammation of the pharynx, which is the back portion of the throat. This condition is often characterized by symptoms such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and scratchiness in the throat. Pharyngitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections (such as the common cold), bacterial infections (such as strep throat), and irritants (such as smoke or chemical fumes). Treatment for pharyngitis depends on the underlying cause of the condition, but may include medications to relieve symptoms or antibiotics to treat a bacterial infection.
An oral ulcer is a defect or break in the continuity of the epithelium, the tissue that lines the inner surface of the mouth, leading to an inflamed, painful, and sometimes bleeding lesion. They can be classified as primary (e.g., aphthous ulcers, traumatic ulcers) or secondary (e.g., those caused by infections, underlying systemic conditions, or reactions to medications). Oral ulcers may cause discomfort, impacting speech and food consumption, and their presence might indicate an underlying medical issue that requires further evaluation.
Aphthous stomatitis
Behçet's disease
Helene Ollendorff Curth
Erythema nodosum
Tropomyosin
Genital ulcer
Renal vein thrombosis
Panuveitis
Oral manifestations of systemic disease
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
C-reactive protein
White blood cell
Cannabis in Illinois
Thalidomide
Herpetic gingivostomatitis
List of ICD-9 codes 001-139: infectious and parasitic diseases
List of diseases (B)
Koebner phenomenon
List of MeSH codes (C11)
Arteritis
List of syndromes
Plasmapheresis
List of MeSH codes (C14)
Progressive outer retinal necrosis
Diagnosis of exclusion
Butyric acid
Eldad Ben-Chetrit
Pre-existing disease in pregnancy
Cholinergic blocking drug
Immunosuppressive drug
Behcet's Syndrome International Study Group Criteria
Canker Sores: Behcet's Syndrome Crohn's & Celiac disease | Causes - Trusted Health Products
Behcet's Syndrome
Apremilast for Behcet's Syndrome - A Phase 2, Placebo-Controlled Study | AVESİS
Behcet Disease: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Behcet's syndrome | Scottishpaeds
Behcet Syndrome: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology
Qiuthinks: Apa sih Behcet's Syndrome?
Fever in Behcet's syndrome | AVESİS
Restless leg syndrome in Neuro-Behcet's and Behcet's disease - MDS Abstracts
Proliferative Glomerulonephritis With Crescent Formation in Behcet's Syndrome | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network
Aphthous stomatitis - Wikipedia
Clinical characteristics of neuro-Behcet's disease in Japan: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Blood, Heart and Circulation: MedlinePlus
Colcrys, Mitigare (colchicine) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
Saenz A[au] - Search Results - PubMed
Rheumatology | Imperial College Healthcare Private Care
Multisystem Conditions & Syndromes Directory | Add Url or Add Site to Submit to Aviva Web Directory
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
autoimmune disease of cardiovascular system - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database
Colchicine | Ask or chat with U.S. doctors on HealthTap
Pharmacotherapy for uveitis: current management and emerging therapy | OPTH
Paul Abramson MD, Author at My Doctor Medical Group - Page 2 of 4
Article By Diseases | Bentham Science
Canker Sores - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis - MedBroadcast.com
Fast Facts Friday, September 15, 2023 | MDedge Family Medicine
Diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia | MDedge Family Medicine
本間 隆義 | 研究者情報 | J-GLOBAL 科学技術総合
Pediatric Crohn's Disease - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | NORD
Behcet's Syndrome16
- The Behcet's Syndrome International Study Group Criteria calculator is created by QxMD. (medscape.com)
- Turkish dermatologist, Hulusi Behcet (1889-1948) recognized and reported in 1937 symptoms of Behcet's syndrome. (targetwoman.com)
- In the absence of a cure or a single test to definitely determine Behcet's syndrome or Behcet's disease , educate about the syndrome to seek prompt medical attention for treatment. (targetwoman.com)
- Behcet's syndrome is rare. (targetwoman.com)
- Though the clinical feature of auto immunity is absent, Behcet's syndrome is classified as an autoimmune disease as it has various aspects related to autoimmune disease. (targetwoman.com)
- The most common symptom of Behcet's syndrome is the regular occurrence of ulcers in the mouth and genitals. (targetwoman.com)
- Sudden inflammation of the eyes is a common symptom of Behcet's syndrome. (targetwoman.com)
- For patient education information, see Behcet's Syndrome . (medscape.com)
- Qiuthinks: Apa sih Behcet's Syndrome? (naddasalma.com)
- Salah satu dari jenis penyakit Autoimun adalah Behcet's Syndrome/ Behcet's Disease. (naddasalma.com)
- Fever is taken to be rare in Behcet's syndrome (BS) and when present it is usually considered to be associated with vascular disease. (istanbul.edu.tr)
- Consider Behcet's Syndrome. (mydoctorsf.com)
- The probable pathogenesis of erythema nodosum-like lesions in Behcet's syndrome. (go.jp)
- Articles cover thalidomide therapy for multiple myeloma, Behcet's Syndrome, and leukemia. (handsonhealth-sc.org)
- Eighteen patients (33%) had a flare of their autoimmune disease including 4 of 7 with rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 6 with psoriasis, 5 of 10 with inflammatory bowel disease, 3 of 19 with thyroiditis, 1 of 1 with Sjogren's syndrome, 1 of 1 with polymyalgia and 1 of 1 with Behcet's syndrome and psoriasis. (bmj.com)
- In addition, it has been found to successfully treat complications of leprosy, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Behcet's syndrome, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and graft vs. host disease, due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. (emra.org)
Periodic fever syn1
- Periodic Fever Syndromes (PFS) (also known as monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes) is a collective group of disorders highlighted by recurrent fever and inflammatory episodes. (preventiongenetics.com)
Systemic6
- The review provided a comprehensive report on the use of scRNA-seq in understanding the following systemic AID: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, primary Sjogren's syndrome, Kawasaki disease, systemic sclerosis, macrophage activation syndrome, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and Behcet's disease. (news-medical.net)
- It can also occur due to certain rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE/ lupus) or Sjogrens syndrome. (outsourcestrategies.com)
- About 1000 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and vasculitic syndrome, etc. are visiting us for treatment. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
- MS and other demyelinating processes, such as transverse myelitis and optic neuritis (which may be clinically isolated cases or be part of the clinical spectrum of MS), are sometimes difficult to differentiate from CNS involvement in systemic autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), Sjoegren's syndrome (SS), and Adamantiades-Behcet disease (BD). (bmj.com)
- Behcet syndrome (BS) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder involving vessels of all sizes, characterized by episodes relative of oral and / or genital ulcers, as well as cutaneous lesions. (ifn-a.com)
- Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome) is a reactive process (a hypersensitivity reaction) that occurs in response to systemic factors, such as hematologic disease, infection, inflammation, vaccination, or drug exposure. (medscape.com)
Lesions6
- Cutaneous manifestations can occur in up 75% of patients with Behcet disease and can range from acneiform lesions, to nodules and erythema nodosum. (medscape.com)
- Retinal arterial and venous lesions are prognostic indicators for blindness, which is a major complication of Behçet syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Background Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a multifactorial, polygenic, autoinflammatory vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, skin lesions, and arthritis. (researchsquare.com)
- Millard Gubler syndrome is one of the brainstem syndromes that occurs due to lesions involving the ventral part of the caudal pons. (bvsalud.org)
- Characteristics that distinguish the lesions of Sweet syndrome from other neutrophilic dermatosis are healing of the lesions without scarring and an absence of vasculitis. (medscape.com)
- The functional properties of neutrophils, rather than the absolute number, is thought to be significant because patients with Sweet syndrome due to G-CSF develop lesions as the neutrophil count rapidly increases, despite the absolute neutrophil count being low. (medscape.com)
Vasculitis3
- Behçet syndrome is characterized by recurrent aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis or retinal vasculitis. (medscape.com)
- In Behçet syndrome, the basic lesion is vasculitis. (medscape.com)
- However, recent reports suggest that vasculitis should not exclude the diagnosis since it has been shown to occur in many patients with Sweet syndrome, which may represent an epiphenomenon instead of a primary immune-mediated process. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis2
- In this retrospective study we performed a chart review of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BS who were followed at the Behçet's syndrome outpatient clinic, Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2015 and 2017. (researchsquare.com)
- The diagnosis of Sweet syndrome is based on both clinical and histopathologic findings. (medscape.com)
Rheumatology1
- In this episode, we review the high-yield topic of Behcet Syndrome from the Rheumatology section. (medbullets.com)
Dermatologist1
- The syndrome carries the name of the Turkish dermatologist Hulusi Behçet, who, in 1937, described a syndrome of recurrent aphthous ulcers , genital ulcerations, and uveitis leading to blindness. (medscape.com)
Autoimmune diseases1
- The unit has extensive experience in treating patients with collagen diseases and internal organ complications (lung and heart involvement in collagen diseases, pulmonary hypertension due to collagen disease, Raynaud's syndrome, and gastrointestinal complications in autoimmune diseases). (rambam.org.il)
Multisystem disease2
- Behçet syndrome is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology probably first described by Hippocrates in the 5th century. (medscape.com)
- Behçet's syndrome is a multisystem disease complex, the major manifestations of which are oral and genital ulcers, arthritis, uveitis, and skin eruptions. (jamanetwork.com)
Adult1
- Onset of PFS occurs during the first year of life or early childhood with only familial mediterranean fever (FMF) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome having cases of adult onset described. (preventiongenetics.com)
Uveitis1
- The original description of Behçet's syndrome included recurring genital and oral ulcerations and relapsing uveitis. (mydoctorsf.com)
Neurological1
- An acute isolated neurological syndrome presents the biggest diagnostic problem, since it is common in MS, but can also be the only feature or first manifestation in SLE, APS, SS, and BD. (bmj.com)
Acute2
- Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, also termed Sweet syndrome, is a reactive process characterized by the abrupt onset of tender, red-to-purple papules, and nodules that coalesce to form plaques. (medscape.com)
- Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome) is uncommon but not rare. (medscape.com)
Diseases2
- This category is reserved for those conditions and diseases which are considered syndromes or otherwise attack multiple body systems. (avivadirectory.com)
- Described in 1964 by Robert Sweet, the entity currently recognized as Sweet syndrome ranges from classic Sweet disease, which occurs in young women after a mild respiratory illness, to a more aggressive neutrophilic process, which may be associated with other inflammatory diseases or malignancy. (medscape.com)
Neutrophilic1
- Neutrophilic hyperfunction is observed in patients with Behçet syndrome with neutrophilic infiltration of skin at the site of a prick with a sterile needle (the pathergy test). (medscape.com)
Manifestations1
- CNS: Neurologic involvement is one of the most serious manifestations of Behçet syndrome, occurring in 10-30% of patients and carrying a poor prognosis. (medscape.com)
Disease5
- Morbus Behcet or Silk Road disease is the other name for Behcet Syndrome or disease. (targetwoman.com)
- [ 1 ] IL-6 has been shown to be elevated and IL-10 decreased in patients with Behçet syndrome compared with controls, and IL-6 is elevated in those with active disease. (medscape.com)
- A bunch of studies showed that restless leg syndrome (RLS) may be more frequent in the neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD). (mdsabstracts.org)
- G-CSF levels in peripheral blood are increased in patients with active Sweet syndrome, suggesting that high levels of G-CSF may one day be a useful indicator of activity level of the disease. (medscape.com)
- AIDS-like syndrome: AIDS-like disease (illness) (syndrome) ARC AIDS-related complex Pre-AIDS AIDS-related conditions Prodromal-AIDS 3. (cdc.gov)
Pathogenesis1
- These GWASs demonstrate that the most common non-HLA association is with the interleukin (IL)-10 and IL23R loci and underline the essential role of the IL-10 and IL23/17 pathways in the pathogenesis of Behçet syndrome. (medscape.com)
Lesion1
- We wanted to present a case of Millard Gubler syndrome, which developed due to Behçet's syndrome lesion in the pons ventral region in a patient who presented with limitation of outward gaze on the left, inability to close the left eye completely, inability to completely wrinkle the left side of the forehead, and loss of contralateral muscle strength. (bvsalud.org)
Chronic1
- The Co-Cure website is dedicate to finding a cure for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Fibromyalgia (FM). (avivadirectory.com)
Treatment2
- In general, Sweet syndrome responds dramatically to oral corticosteroids and may improve or resolve with treatment of the underlying condition. (medscape.com)
- Without treatment, the syndrome may persist for weeks or months and then improves without leaving scars. (medscape.com)
Polymyalgia1
- Classic and atypical polymyalgia rheumatica, are different syndromes? (unican.es)
Patients1
- The goal of this study is the comparison of the restless leg syndrome frequency in the BD and NBD patients and also to investigate whether depression and anxiety have any effect on the presence of RLS in both groups. (mdsabstracts.org)
Frequency1
- Frequency data for Behçet syndrome should be considered suspect because of problems with case ascertainment. (medscape.com)
Genetic2
- There is a wide range of phenotypic variations in Behçet syndrome, which may be due to genetic and ethnic differences. (medscape.com)
- A report of 2 brothers who developed Sweet syndrome in the neonatal period also supports a genetic predisposition. (medscape.com)
Patient1
- We describe a patient with Behçet's syndrome who experienced diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with epithelial cell crescent formation in 75% of glomeruli examined. (jamanetwork.com)
Common1
- Behçet syndrome is thought to be more common along the ancient Silk Road, extending from Asia to the Mediterranean. (medscape.com)