Cardiovascular Abnormalities
Turner Syndrome
Williams Syndrome
Heart Defects, Congenital
Sports
Echocardiography
Cardiovascular Diseases
Electrocardiography
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
The cardiac homeobox gene Csx/Nkx2.5 lies genetically upstream of multiple genes essential for heart development. (1/190)
Csx/Nkx2.5 is a vertebrate homeobox gene with a sequence homology to the Drosophila tinman, which is required for the dorsal mesoderm specification. Recently, heterozygous mutations of this gene were found to cause human congenital heart disease (Schott, J.-J., Benson, D. W., Basson, C. T., Pease, W., Silberbach, G. M., Moak, J. P., Maron, B. J., Seidman, C. E. and Seidman, J. G. (1998) Science 281, 108-111). To investigate the functions of Csx/Nkx2.5 in cardiac and extracardiac development in the vertebrate, we have generated and analyzed mutant mice completely null for Csx/Nkx2.5. Homozygous null embryos showed arrest of cardiac development after looping and poor development of blood vessels. Moreover, there were severe defects in vascular formation and hematopoiesis in the mutant yolk sac. Interestingly, TUNEL staining and PCNA staining showed neither enhanced apoptosis nor reduced cell proliferation in the mutant myocardium. In situ hybridization studies demonstrated that, among 20 candidate genes examined, expression of ANF, BNP, MLC2V, N-myc, MEF2C, HAND1 and Msx2 was disturbed in the mutant heart. Moreover, in the heart of adult chimeric mice generated from Csx/Nkx2.5 null ES cells, there were almost no ES cell-derived cardiac myocytes, while there were substantial contributions of Csx /Nkx2.5-deficient cells in other organs. Whole-mount &bgr;-gal staining of chimeric embryos showed that more than 20% contribution of Csx/Nkx2. 5-deficient cells in the heart arrested cardiac development. These results indicate that (1) the complete null mutation of Csx/Nkx2.5 did not abolish initial heart looping, (2) there was no enhanced apoptosis or defective cell cycle entry in Csx/Nkx2.5 null cardiac myocytes, (3) Csx/Nkx2.5 regulates expression of several essential transcription factors in the developing heart, (4) Csx/Nkx2.5 is required for later differentiation of cardiac myocytes, (5) Csx/Nkx2. 5 null cells exert dominant interfering effects on cardiac development, and (6) there were severe defects in yolk sac angiogenesis and hematopoiesis in the Csx/Nkx2.5 null embryos. (+info)Regression of cardiac abnormalities after replacement therapy in Addison's disease. (2/190)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate by echocardiography the cardiac structure and function in patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency. DESIGN AND METHODS: Two-dimensionally guided M-mode echocardiograms and spectral Doppler studies were performed in seven consecutive patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune primary adrenal failure before and 4-8 months after an adequate regimen of steroid substitution. Echocardiographic parameters were also studied in ten healthy controls. RESULTS: In the cases with untreated Addison's disease, both left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions were significantly reduced in comparison with those in controls (P<0.01). Four patients had echocardiographic signs of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) at the anterior leaflet, with no evidence of mitral regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography. Systolic clicks characteristic of MVP were present on auscultation in two of these cases. Left ventricular chamber size normalized, i.e. significantly increased (P<0.01), and both echocardiographic and physical signs of MVP resolved after steroid substitution in all patients. All other echocardiographic indices were normal before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with untreated Addison's disease have cardiac abnormalities which regress after steroid substitution. A valvular-ventricular disproportion due to the hypovolemic state could explain these findings. (+info)Extraembryonic venous obstructions lead to cardiovascular malformations and can be embryolethal. (3/190)
OBJECTIVE: To expand our knowledge concerning the effect of placental blood flow on human heart development, we used an embryonic chicken model in which extraembryonic blood flow was manipulated. METHODS: First, one of the three major vitelline veins was ligated, while blood flow was visualized with Indian ink. In this way, we could study the effect of different ligation positions on intracardiac flow patterns. Secondly, these vitelline veins were ligated permanently with a microclip until cardiac septation was completed, thereafter, the hearts were morphologically evaluated. In this way, we could study the impact of the ligation position on the severity and frequency of heart malformations. On combining the results, we were able to study the effect of different intracardiac flow patterns on heart development. RESULTS: Although ligation of each vein resulted in different intracardiac flow patterns, long-term ligation resulted in similar cardiovascular malformations in survivors. These consisted mainly of ventricular septum defects (VSDs), semilunar valve anomalies, and pharyngeal arch artery malformations. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the ligation position and the incidence of cardiovascular malformations. However, the percentage mortality after clipping the left lateral vitelline vein was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than after ligation of either the right lateral or posterior vitelline vein. CONCLUSIONS: Early extraembryonic venous obstruction leads to altered flow patterns, which probably result in shear stress changes. In postseptation stages, these result in a spectrum of cardiovascular malformations irrespective of the ligation position. A diminished incidence of VSDs in the oldest stage was attributed to delayed closure of the interventricular foramen. (+info)alyron, an insertional mutation affecting early neural crest development in zebrafish. (4/190)
alyronz12 (aln) is a recessive lethal mutation that affects early stages of neural crest development in the zebrafish. alyron appears to be an insertional mutation as the mutation was generated following microinjection of plasmid DNA into one-cell embryos and the stably integrated transgenic sequences are closely linked to the mutation. The insertion site harbors multiple copies of the plasmid sequence that have experienced complex rearrangements. Host-insert junction fragments have been molecularly cloned and host sequences adjacent to the transgene have been used to map the mutation to the distal arm of linkage group 15. alyron function is required cell-autonomously in the neural crest lineage. alyron mutants have a severe but not complete deficit of premigratory neural crest as judged by reduced expression of several markers associated with early stages of neural crest development. Lack of premigratory neural crest is likely to account for the two most conspicuous characteristics of alyron mutants: the absence of body pigmentation and the inability to affect blood circulation. The neural crest phenotype of alyron mutants resembles that observed in mouse mutants that lack Pax-3 or both Wnt-1 and Wnt-3a function, and expression of the zebrafish homologues of these genes is greatly reduced in the dorsal neural keels of alyron mutants. In contrast, ventral neural keel identity appears unaffected. Given our findings that the mutation is unlinked to pax or wnt genes that have been described in the zebrafish, we propose that alyron is a novel gene function required for the specification and/or proliferative expansion of neural crest progenitors. (+info)Double aortic arch in a Siamese cat. (5/190)
A double aortic arch is described in an 8-week-old female Siamese cat. In this case a vascular ring anomaly consistent with a double aortic arch is described in a cat. Stridor and dysphagia were noted in the cat. Radiography showed an esophageal dilation, with constriction at the fifth intercostal space. At necropsy, the esophagus and trachea were constricted at the base of the heart. The cause of the constriction of both the esophagus and trachea was a vascular ring formed by well-developed right and left aortic arches. The ascending aorta divided into two asymmetrical arches. The right aortic arch was larger than the left. The origin of the major arteries from the aortic arches were anomalous. (+info)Ontogenetic aspects of hypertension development: analysis in the rat. (6/190)
In this review, we attempt to outline the age-dependent interactions of principal systems controlling the structure and function of the cardiovascular system in immature rats developing hypertension. We focus our attention on the cardiovascular effects of various pharmacological, nutritional, and behavioral interventions applied at different stages of ontogeny. Several distinct critical periods (developmental windows), in which particular stimuli affect the further development of the cardiovascular phenotype, are specified in the rat. It is evident that short-term transient treatment of genetically hypertensive rats with certain antihypertensive drugs in prepuberty and puberty (at the age of 4-10 wk) has long-term beneficial effects on further development of their cardiovascular apparatus. This juvenile critical period coincides with the period of high susceptibility to the hypertensive effects of increased salt intake. If the hypertensive process develops after this critical period (due to early antihypertensive treatment or late administration of certain hypertensive stimuli, e.g., high salt intake), blood pressure elevation, cardiovascular hypertrophy, connective tissue accumulation, and end-organ damage are considerably attenuated compared with rats developing hypertension during the juvenile critical period. As far as the role of various electrolytes in blood pressure modulation is concerned, prohypertensive effects of dietary Na+ and antihypertensive effects of dietary Ca2+ are enhanced in immature animals, whereas vascular protective and antihypertensive effects of dietary K+ are almost independent of age. At a given level of dietary electrolyte intake, the balance between dietary carbohydrate and fat intake can modify blood pressure even in rats with established hypertension, but dietary protein intake affects the blood pressure development in immature animals only. Dietary protein restriction during gestation, as well as altered mother-offspring interactions in the suckling period, might have important long-term hypertensive consequences. The critical periods (developmental windows) should be respected in the future pharmacological or gene therapy of human hypertension. (+info)Effects of bone marrow transplantation on the cardiovascular abnormalities in canine mucopolysaccharidosis VII. (7/190)
The genetic mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a family of lysosomal storage diseases resulting from defective catabolism of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Echocardiographic abnormalities in dogs with MPS type VII (Sly syndrome, beta-glucuronidase deficiency) included mitral valve thickening and insufficiency, large aortic dimensions in both the long and short axes, and thickened aortic valves. Grossly, at post mortem examination, there was nodular thickening of the mitral valve, a prominent ductus diverticulum, and a dilated aorta with thickened walls. Histologically, cytoplasmic vacuolation was seen in cells of the mitral valves, coronary arteries, and aorta. By electron microscopy, the cells of the mitral valve were packed with electron-lucent cytoplasmic vacuoles. The mean residual activity of beta-glucuronidase in the aorta and myocardium was <1% of normal, the mean hexosaminidase A activity >2. 5 times normal, and the mean GAG concentrations more than twice normal. In three MPS VII dogs that received heterologous BMT at 6 weeks of age, the echocardiographic abnormalities were improved, and the histopathologic and ultrastructural pathology was reduced. In the aorta and myocardium, the mean beta-glucuronidase activity of the BMT group was 4.5% and 11% of normal, respectively, and the hexosaminidase A activity and GAG concentrations were normalized. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2000) 25, 1289-1297. (+info)New insights into the assembly of extracellular microfibrils from the analysis of the fibrillin 1 mutation in the tight skin mouse. (8/190)
The Tight skin (Tsk) mutation is a duplication of the mouse fibrillin 1 (Fbn1) gene that results in a larger (418 kD) than normal (350 kD) protein; Tsk/+ mice display increased connective tissue, bone overgrowth, and lung emphysema. Lung emphysema, bone overgrowth, and vascular complications are the distinctive traits of mice with reduced Fbn1 gene expression and of Marfan syndrome (MFS) patients with heterozygous fibrillin 1 mutations. Although Tsk/+ mice produce equal amounts of the 418- and 350-kD proteins, they exhibit a relatively mild phenotype without the vascular complications that are associated with MFS patients and fibrillin 1-deficient mice. We have used genetic crosses, cell culture assays and Tsk-specific antibodies to reconcile this discrepancy and gain new insights into microfibril assembly. Mice compound heterozygous for the Tsk mutation and hypomorphic Fbn1 alleles displayed both Tsk and MFS traits. Analyses of immunoreactive fibrillin 1 microfibrils using Tsk- and species-specific antibodies revealed that the mutant cell cultures elaborate a less abundant and morphologically different meshwork than control cells. Cocultures of Tsk/Tsk fibroblasts and human WISH cells that do not assemble fibrillin 1 microfibrils, demonstrated that Tsk fibrillin 1 copolymerizes with wild-type fibrillin 1. Additionally, copolymerization of Tsk fibrillin 1 with wild-type fibrillin 1 rescues the abnormal morphology of the Tsk/Tsk aggregates. Therefore, the studies suggest that bone and lung abnormalities of Tsk/+ mice are due to copolymerization of mutant and wild-type molecules into functionally deficient microfibrils. However, vascular complications are not present in these animals because the level of functional microfibrils does not drop below the critical threshold. Indirect in vitro evidence suggests that a potential mechanism for the dominant negative effects of incorporating Tsk fibrillin 1 into microfibrils is increased proteolytic susceptibility conferred by the duplicated Tsk region. (+info)Cardiovascular abnormalities refer to structural or functional anomalies in the heart or blood vessels. These abnormalities can be present at birth (congenital) or acquired later in life. They can affect the heart's chambers, valves, walls, or blood vessels, leading to various complications such as heart failure, stroke, or even death if left untreated.
Examples of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities include:
1. Septal defects - holes in the walls separating the heart's chambers (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect)
2. Valvular stenosis or insufficiency - narrowing or leakage of the heart valves
3. Patent ductus arteriosus - a persistent opening between the aorta and pulmonary artery
4. Coarctation of the aorta - narrowing of the aorta
5. Tetralogy of Fallot - a combination of four heart defects, including ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy
Examples of acquired cardiovascular abnormalities include:
1. Atherosclerosis - the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowing or blockage
2. Cardiomyopathy - disease of the heart muscle, causing it to become enlarged, thickened, or stiffened
3. Hypertension - high blood pressure, which can damage the heart and blood vessels over time
4. Myocardial infarction (heart attack) - damage to the heart muscle due to blocked blood supply
5. Infective endocarditis - infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves
These abnormalities can be diagnosed through various tests, such as echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), stress testing, cardiac catheterization, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment options depend on the type and severity of the abnormality and may include medications, medical procedures, or surgery.
Turner Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects females, caused by complete or partial absence of one X chromosome. The typical karyotype is 45,X0 instead of the normal 46,XX in women. This condition leads to distinctive physical features and medical issues in growth, development, and fertility. Characteristic features include short stature, webbed neck, low-set ears, and swelling of the hands and feet. Other potential symptoms can include heart defects, hearing and vision problems, skeletal abnormalities, kidney issues, and learning disabilities. Not all individuals with Turner Syndrome will have every symptom, but most will require medical interventions and monitoring throughout their lives to address various health concerns associated with the condition.
Williams Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by the deletion of a small portion of chromosome 7. This results in various developmental and medical problems, which can include:
1. Distinctive facial features such as a broad forehead, wide-set eyes, short nose, and full lips.
2. Cardiovascular disease, particularly narrowed or missing blood vessels near the heart.
3. Developmental delays and learning disabilities, although most people with Williams Syndrome have an IQ in the mild to moderate range of intellectual disability.
4. A unique pattern of strengths and weaknesses in cognitive skills, such as strong language skills but significant difficulty with visual-spatial tasks.
5. Overly friendly or sociable personality, often displaying a lack of fear or wariness around strangers.
6. Increased risk of anxiety and depression.
7. Sensitive hearing and poor depth perception.
8. Short stature in adulthood.
Williams Syndrome affects about 1 in every 10,000 people worldwide, regardless of race or ethnic background. It is not an inherited disorder, but rather a spontaneous genetic mutation.
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural abnormalities in the heart that are present at birth. They can affect any part of the heart's structure, including the walls of the heart, the valves inside the heart, and the major blood vessels that lead to and from the heart.
Congenital heart defects can range from mild to severe and can cause various symptoms depending on the type and severity of the defect. Some common symptoms of CHDs include cyanosis (a bluish tint to the skin, lips, and fingernails), shortness of breath, fatigue, poor feeding, and slow growth in infants and children.
There are many different types of congenital heart defects, including:
1. Septal defects: These are holes in the walls that separate the four chambers of the heart. The two most common septal defects are atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD).
2. Valve abnormalities: These include narrowed or leaky valves, which can affect blood flow through the heart.
3. Obstruction defects: These occur when blood flow is blocked or restricted due to narrowing or absence of a part of the heart's structure. Examples include pulmonary stenosis and coarctation of the aorta.
4. Cyanotic heart defects: These cause a lack of oxygen in the blood, leading to cyanosis. Examples include tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries.
The causes of congenital heart defects are not fully understood, but genetic factors and environmental influences during pregnancy may play a role. Some CHDs can be detected before birth through prenatal testing, while others may not be diagnosed until after birth or later in childhood. Treatment for CHDs may include medication, surgery, or other interventions to improve blood flow and oxygenation of the body's tissues.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Sports" is not a medical term. It refers to physical activities that are governed by a set of rules and often engaged in competitively. However, there are fields such as Sports Medicine and Exercise Science that deal with various aspects of physical activity, fitness, and sports-related injuries or conditions. If you have any questions related to these areas, I'd be happy to try to help!
Echocardiography is a medical procedure that uses sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart's structure, function, and motion. It is a non-invasive test that can help diagnose various heart conditions, such as valve problems, heart muscle damage, blood clots, and congenital heart defects.
During an echocardiogram, a transducer (a device that sends and receives sound waves) is placed on the chest or passed through the esophagus to obtain images of the heart. The sound waves produced by the transducer bounce off the heart structures and return to the transducer, which then converts them into electrical signals that are processed to create images of the heart.
There are several types of echocardiograms, including:
* Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE): This is the most common type of echocardiogram and involves placing the transducer on the chest.
* Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE): This type of echocardiogram involves passing a specialized transducer through the esophagus to obtain images of the heart from a closer proximity.
* Stress echocardiography: This type of echocardiogram is performed during exercise or medication-induced stress to assess how the heart functions under stress.
* Doppler echocardiography: This type of echocardiogram uses sound waves to measure blood flow and velocity in the heart and blood vessels.
Echocardiography is a valuable tool for diagnosing and managing various heart conditions, as it provides detailed information about the structure and function of the heart. It is generally safe, non-invasive, and painless, making it a popular choice for doctors and patients alike.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a class of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. They are the leading cause of death globally, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The term "cardiovascular disease" refers to a group of conditions that include:
1. Coronary artery disease (CAD): This is the most common type of heart disease and occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of cholesterol, fat, and other substances in the walls of the arteries. This can lead to chest pain, shortness of breath, or a heart attack.
2. Heart failure: This occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by various conditions, including coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and cardiomyopathy.
3. Stroke: A stroke occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, often due to a clot or a ruptured blood vessel. This can cause brain damage or death.
4. Peripheral artery disease (PAD): This occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the limbs become narrowed or blocked, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs or arms.
5. Rheumatic heart disease: This is a complication of untreated strep throat and can cause damage to the heart valves, leading to heart failure or other complications.
6. Congenital heart defects: These are structural problems with the heart that are present at birth. They can range from mild to severe and may require medical intervention.
7. Cardiomyopathy: This is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently. It can be caused by various factors, including genetics, infections, and certain medications.
8. Heart arrhythmias: These are abnormal heart rhythms that can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. They can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, or fainting.
9. Valvular heart disease: This occurs when one or more of the heart valves become damaged or diseased, leading to problems with blood flow through the heart.
10. Aortic aneurysm and dissection: These are conditions that affect the aorta, the largest artery in the body. An aneurysm is a bulge in the aorta, while a dissection is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta. Both can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
It's important to note that many of these conditions can be managed or treated with medical interventions such as medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes. If you have any concerns about your heart health, it's important to speak with a healthcare provider.
Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is a medical procedure that records the electrical activity of the heart. It provides a graphic representation of the electrical changes that occur during each heartbeat. The resulting tracing, called an electrocardiogram, can reveal information about the heart's rate and rhythm, as well as any damage to its cells or abnormalities in its conduction system.
During an ECG, small electrodes are placed on the skin of the chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes detect the electrical signals produced by the heart and transmit them to a machine that amplifies and records them. The procedure is non-invasive, painless, and quick, usually taking only a few minutes.
ECGs are commonly used to diagnose and monitor various heart conditions, including arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and electrolyte imbalances. They can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of certain medications or treatments.
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a medical condition in which the left ventricle of the heart undergoes an enlargement or thickening of its muscle wall. The left ventricle is the main pumping chamber of the heart that supplies oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.
In response to increased workload, such as hypertension (high blood pressure), aortic valve stenosis, or athletic training, the left ventricular muscle may thicken and enlarge. This process is called "hypertrophy." While some degree of hypertrophy can be adaptive in athletes, significant or excessive hypertrophy can lead to impaired relaxation and filling of the left ventricle during diastole, reduced pumping capacity, and decreased compliance of the chamber.
Left ventricular hypertrophy is often asymptomatic initially but can increase the risk of various cardiovascular complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction (heart attack), and sudden cardiac death over time. It is typically diagnosed through imaging techniques like echocardiography or cardiac MRI and confirmed by measuring the thickness of the left ventricular wall.
Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is given as two figures:
1. Systolic pressure: This is the pressure when the heart pushes blood out into the arteries.
2. Diastolic pressure: This is the pressure when the heart rests between beats, allowing it to fill with blood.
Normal blood pressure for adults is typically around 120/80 mmHg, although this can vary slightly depending on age, sex, and other factors. High blood pressure (hypertension) is generally considered to be a reading of 130/80 mmHg or higher, while low blood pressure (hypotension) is usually defined as a reading below 90/60 mmHg. It's important to note that blood pressure can fluctuate throughout the day and may be affected by factors such as stress, physical activity, and medication use.
Medical Definition:
"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.
Transposition of the great vessels
Secondary hypertension
Cardiac neural crest
Catherine Neill
Adie syndrome
Schimmelpenning syndrome
PDGFRB
Mural cell
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome
Endoglin
Tracheal agenesis
Choanal atresia
Desmoglein-2
Atrioventricular septal defect
Sudden cardiac death of athletes
Larsen syndrome
ST depression
Cardiovascular examination
Acute eosinophilic leukemia
Hydroxychloroquine
Silent stroke
X-linked hypophosphatemia
Postzygotic mutation
Thumb hypoplasia
Catastrophic injury
Computed tomography angiography
Jugular venous pressure
Csaba P. Kovesdy
Noonan syndrome
Youth
Cardiovascular disease - Abnormalities, Heart Chambers, Risk Factors | Britannica
Abnormalities of the Cardiovascular System in Animals - Circulatory System - Merck Veterinary Manual
Eligibility and Disqualification Recommendations for Competitive Athletes With Cardiovascular Abnormalities: Task Force 3:...
Physical Exam Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Abnormalities in College Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review - The Sport Journal
Chest x-ray generation and data augmentation for cardiovascular abnormality classification for SPIE Medical Imaging 2018 | IBM...
Vascular Ring and Sling Surgery: Historical Perspective, Embryology, Abnormalities
Cardiovascular Disease and Myocardial Abnormalities in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
CARDIOVASCULAR ABNORMALITIES DETECTION THROUGH IRIS USING THRESHOLDING ALGORITHM - Iridology Research
CDC - Malaria - About Malaria - Disease
Cardiovascular Conditions and Services | Children's Minnesota
Molecular basis of cardiovascular abnormalities in NF1 - Fingerprint - Augusta University Research Profiles
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: Characteristics, Associated Structural Cardiovascular Abnormalities, and Clinical Outcomes<...
"Abnormality of the cardiovascular system"[Clinical Features] OR 11672 - MedGen -...
Myhre syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics
Toluene | Medical Management Guidelines | Toxic Substance Portal | ATSDR
Marfan syndrome - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Combined Hypercalcaemia and Hypokalaemia-Case Report - Annals Singapore
Cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe disease: A systematic review
Cardiovascular disease - Wikipedia
Dysphagia lusorum. - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Transposition of the great vessels - Wikipedia
DailyMed - ATOMOXETINE capsule
Prevalence and associated factors of resting electrocardiogram abnormalities among systemic lupus erythematosus patients...
Relations between Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and T Wave Abnormalities in Subjects Without Clinically-Apparent Cardiovascular...
Retinal Microvascular Abnormalities and Systemic Arterial Stiffness Are the First Manifestation of Cardiovascular Abnormalities...
Highlights from this issue | Archives of Disease in Childhood
Electrocardiographic abnormalities2
- The electrocardiographic abnormalities in isolated hypercalcaemia and hypokalaemia have been well documented in the literature. (annals.edu.sg)
- EGME caused a dose related increase in fetal electrocardiographic abnormalities. (cdc.gov)
Skeletal abnormalities4
- Other skeletal abnormalities associated with this disorder include thickening of the skull bones, flattened bones of the spine (platyspondyly), broad ribs, and underdevelopment of the wing-shaped structures of the pelvis (hypoplastic iliac wings). (medlineplus.gov)
- Orthopedic specialists can address bone and skeletal abnormalities, while syndactyly can be treated with surgery. (expresshealthcaremgmt.com)
- Coffin-Lowry syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by craniofacial (head and facial) and skeletal abnormalities. (nih.gov)
- Skeletal abnormalities may include a curved spine, unusual prominence of the breastbone (pigeon chest), short stature, and narrowing of the spinal canal. (nih.gov)
Vascular8
- Vascular abnormalities, such as aneurysms and arterial dolichoectasia, likely caused by glycogen accumulation in arterial walls, have been reported in non-classic Pompe patients. (nih.gov)
- Vascular abnormalities. (nih.gov)
- Patients with diabetes have an increased incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular disease. (medscape.com)
- Objectives To test the hypothesis that vascular abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) would be associated with echocardiographic changes and lung function abnormalities in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and the decline in lung function seen in SCD patients. (bmj.com)
- Conclusions Abnormalities in pulmonary vascular volumes may explain some of the lung function abnormalities and the decline in lung function seen in adults with SCD. (bmj.com)
- Vascular abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) would be associated with echocardiographic changes and lung function abnormalities in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and with the decline in lung function seen in SCD patients. (bmj.com)
- Alterations in pulmonary vascular volumes due to anaemia in SCD patients may be responsible for some of their lung function abnormalities and changes seen on HRCT and their decline in lung function. (bmj.com)
- a greater differential suggests a vascular abnormality (eg, dissecting thoracic aorta) or a peripheral vascular disorder. (msdmanuals.com)
Diseases6
- Cardiovascular diseases have proven to be the leading reason of death worldwide. (iridology-research.com)
- To identify cardiovascular diseases at an early stage, often very expensive pathological tests are required. (iridology-research.com)
- Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide except Africa. (wikipedia.org)
- There are many cardiovascular diseases involving the blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- There are also many cardiovascular diseases that involve the heart. (wikipedia.org)
- Abnormalities in cardiac conduction can occur due to a variety of factors, including developmental and congenital defects, acquired injury or ischemia of portions of the conduction system, or less commonly due to inherited diseases that alter cardiac conduction system function. (medscape.com)
Disease20
- Many researchers have proposed cardiovascular disease identification systems by combining Iridology with computation system. (iridology-research.com)
- With this first systematic review on cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe disease, we aim to gain insight in the prevalence and etiology of cardiovascular disease in these patients. (nih.gov)
- To further investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe patients, larger case-control studies that also study established cardiovascular risk factors should be conducted. (nih.gov)
- Cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels . (wikipedia.org)
- [3] Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. (wikipedia.org)
- Patients should have a careful history and physical exam to assess for presence of cardiovascular disease. (nih.gov)
- Use with caution in patients with hypertension, tachycardia, or cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. (nih.gov)
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) cardiovascular disease (CVD) abnormalities (ECG-CVD) are predictive of subsequent CVD events in the general population. (biomedcentral.com)
- SLE is now recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 6 ] and, as such, was incorporated into the recently revised American Heart Association guidelines for the prevention of CVD in women [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that depression and anxiety are associated withelectrocardiographic (ECG) repolarization abnormalities in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a cohort free of symptomatic cardiovascular disease. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Logistic regression models were estimated with multivariable adjustment for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Diabetes in humans accelerates cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis. (jci.org)
- My research interests are focused on human cardiovascular control in health and disease. (sfu.ca)
- Consequently, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in spinal cord injured individuals is cardiovascular disease. (sfu.ca)
- Hypertension, abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism, and periodontal disease are often found in people with diabetes. (medscape.com)
- The beneficial actions of kinins in renal and cardiovascular disease are largely mediated by nitric oxide and prostaglandins, and extend beyond their recognized role in lowering blood pressure to include cardioprotection and nephroprotection. (nature.com)
- Just as NIOSH recommends that fire departments implement effective prevention programs to address the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, we would like to see every workplace preventing work-related illness, injury, and disability and promoting healthy living and lifestyles to reduce and prevent chronic disease. (cdc.gov)
- What Are Sperm Abnormalities In Celiac Disease and/or Gluten Sensitivity? (glutenfreeworks.com)
- No underlying atherosclerotic disease or clotting abnormalities were observed. (who.int)
- Some individuals also have cardiovascular disease. (nih.gov)
Anomalies1
- Forty-two per cent of the 821 live births had cardiovascular anomalies. (bmj.com)
Conduction abnormalities2
- Participants with major intraventricular conduction abnormalities and those taking antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, and/or antipsychotics were excluded. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Understanding of the molecular and ionic mechanisms underlying cardiac conduction is essential for the appreciation of the pathogenesis of conduction abnormalities in structurally normal and altered hearts. (medscape.com)
Cardiomyopathy1
- Atomoxetine hydrochloride generally should not be used in children or adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart rhythm abnormalities, or other serious cardiac problems that may place them at increased vulnerability to its noradrenergic effects. (nih.gov)
Lipid abnormalities2
- When these mice are fed a cholesterol-free diet, diabetes, in the absence of associated lipid abnormalities, causes both accelerated lesion initiation and increased arterial macrophage accumulation. (jci.org)
- Thus, diabetes and diabetes-associated lipid abnormalities have distinct effects on initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. (jci.org)
Malformations1
- EGME caused a dose dependent increase in fetal cardiovascular malformations, primarily ventricular septal defects and right ductus arteriosus. (cdc.gov)
Systematic review1
- The objective of the proposed project was to identify the clinical methods that most effectively assess cardiovascular abnormalities in intercollegiate athletes through a systematic review of existing published research studies in which cardiovascular abnormalities in intercollegiate athletes were included as measurement variables. (thesportjournal.org)
Magnetic resonance2
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed five days after admission for further cardiac evaluation. (cmaj.ca)
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance images showing normal systolic left ventricular function on cine imaging without wall motion abnormalities (A, short-axis end-systolic phase). (cmaj.ca)
Ventricular function1
- Dynamic (cine) cardiovascular MRI showed normal systolic ventricular function without any wall motion abnormalities. (cmaj.ca)
Disorder1
- Yunis-Varon Syndrome (YVS), also known as cleidocranial dysplasia, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by skeletal and ectodermal abnormalities. (expresshealthcaremgmt.com)
Patients7
- Other findings, including abnormalities of other cardiac valves, septal defects, persistent left superior vena cava, and patent ductus arteriosus, were present in 32% of patients. (elsevierpure.com)
- Conclusions-Aortic dilatation and other structural cardiac abnormalities were relatively common among patients with QAV. (elsevierpure.com)
- Aortic valve regurgitation was the predominant hemodynamic abnormality and the indication for aortic valve surgery in most patients who received surgery. (elsevierpure.com)
- This study aimed to investigate macro- and microvascular function parameters and their relationship with known markers of cardiovascular risk in patients with untreated moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). (aston.ac.uk)
- Data are emerging that highlight the extent of cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19 patients, including evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes myocarditis and increases cardiac risk. (springer.com)
- An underlying air embolism mechanism cannot be excluded, particularly in patients with a large right-to-left circulatory shunt and no other cardiovascular risk factors. (who.int)
- Grand/petite mal convulsions occurred in patients with/a history of EEG abnormalities. (drugs.com)
Gastrointestinal2
- and autonomic neuropathy causing gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and cardiovascular symptoms and sexual dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- It can also cause neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and immune system abnormalities. (all-creatures.org)
Physiology1
- Ongoing work in my laboratory and in conjunction with the Environmental Physiology Unit (EPU) at Simon Fraser University involves characterising the various patterns of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adaptation that occur in response to permanent residence at high altitude. (sfu.ca)
Hypertension1
- Fibrosis in the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular system) can lead to the development of additional problems such as high blood pressure ( hypertension ) and narrowing (stenosis) of the heart valves or blood vessels. (medlineplus.gov)
Congenital1
- Small defects are among the most common congenital cardiovascular abnormalities and may be less life-threatening, since many such defects close spontaneously. (britannica.com)
Findings3
- reported other resting ECG abnormalities (e.g., prolonged QT interval, Q waves, arrhythmia, and others) but these ECG findings were evaluated by too few studies or were too variably defined to have clear conclusions about their usefulness as predictors of subsequent CVD events [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The Alert, Preventing Fire Fighter Fatalities Due to Heart Attacks and Other Sudden Cardiovascular Events , incorporates findings from 131 NIOSH investigations, examines the circumstances of these cardiac events, reviews the current fire service standards, provides case reports, and makes recommendations for preventing injury and death to fire fighters from preventable cardiovascular conditions. (cdc.gov)
- These findings on cardiovascular MRI in combination with positive Borrelia IgM antibodies were strongly suggestive of Lyme carditis. (cmaj.ca)
Septal1
- Survival often depends on the presence of associated compensatory abnormalities, such as continued patency of the ductus arteriosus or the presence of a septal defect, which may allow either decompression of a chamber under elevated pressure or beneficial compensatory intracardiac shunting either from right to left or from left to right. (britannica.com)
Metabolism3
- Severe malaria occurs when infections are complicated by serious organ failures or abnormalities in the patient's blood or metabolism. (cdc.gov)
- The basis of the abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in diabetes is deficient action of insulin on target tissues. (medscape.com)
- During this asymptomatic period, it is possible to demonstrate an abnormality in carbohydrate metabolism by measurement of plasma glucose in the fasting state or after a challenge with an oral glucose load. (medscape.com)
Pathways1
- In addition to the well known motor and sensory consequences of spinal cord injury, descending cardiovascular pathways can also be affected. (sfu.ca)
Risk2
- There has been a long ongoing debate on the inclusion and importance of cardiovascular analysis as a part of the PPE as cardiovascular abnormalities is a risk factor that predisposes collegiate athlete to sport injuries or even death. (thesportjournal.org)
- 96.0% had 1 cardiovascular risk factor. (who.int)
Facial1
- The condition is characterized by intellectual deficit and numerous other abnormalities including excess folds of skin, multiple bony growths (exostoses), characteristic facial features, and cone-shaped phalangeal epiphyses (the growing ends of the bones in the fingers). (nih.gov)
Examination1
- The PPE is used to collect an athlete's medical history, musculoskeletal, neurological and cardiovascular examination to determine clearance for sports participation which has being used in both the professional level and can be used in the lower divisions such as collegiate athletes. (thesportjournal.org)
Fatalities1
- Most fatalities appeared to result from cardiovascular-related events (e.g., heart failure , sudden death) or infections (mostly pneumonia ). (drugs.com)
Frequency2
- This study sought to determine QAV frequency in a large echocardiography database, to characterize associated cardiovascular abnormalities, and to describe long-term outcomes. (elsevierpure.com)
- V.E. Claydon and A.V. Krassioukov (2007) Clinical correlates of frequency analyses of cardiovascular control after spinal cord injury. (sfu.ca)
Dysfunction2
- Continuing research in my laboratory, and in conjunction with the International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD) and members of the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular dysfunction after spinal cord injury. (sfu.ca)
- S perm abnormalities are the result of gonadal dysfunction (testicles) characterized by inability to either produce sperm or to produce viable sperm or mobile sperm which results in prohibiting fertilization of the female ovum. (glutenfreeworks.com)
Mortality1
- Negative emotions may have a differential impact on cardiovascular mortality through unique relations with cardiac repolarization. (johnshopkins.edu)
Unclear1
- Impairment of insulin secretion and defects in insulin action frequently coexist in the same patient, and it is often unclear which abnormality, if either alone, is the primary cause of the hyperglycemia. (medscape.com)
Disorders1
- Severe Cardiovascular Disorders that might deteriorate with clinically important increases in HR and BP. (nih.gov)
Clinically1
- Consideration should be given to not using atomoxetine hydrochloride in adults with clinically significant cardiac abnormalities. (nih.gov)
Hypotension1
- V.E. Claydon, A.T. Hol, J.J. Eng, A.V. Krassioukov (2006) Cardiovascular responses and post-exercise hypotension after arm cycling exercise in subjects with spinal cord injury. (sfu.ca)
Defects1
- The placentas were then detached and the fetuses were weighed and examined for cardiovascular defects. (cdc.gov)
Interval1
- A prolonged QRS interval was the most common abnormality. (cdc.gov)
Heart3
- Abnormalities of the heart chambers may be serious and even life-threatening. (britannica.com)
- In this study, a novel model for detecting heart abnormalities using Iridology is proposed. (iridology-research.com)
- We are pleased to inaugurate this new avenue of communication by highlighting a recent NIOSH publication that recommends strategic interventions to prevent deaths from heart attacks and other cardiovascular events among firefighters. (cdc.gov)
Athletes1
- Introduction: eligibility recommendations for competitive athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities-general considerations. (medscape.com)
Sudden1
- Serious Cardiovascular Events- Sudden death, stroke and myocardial infarction have been reported in association with atomoxetine treatment. (nih.gov)
Outcomes1
- Not as widely known, however, is that fire fighters have exposures to workplace factors that are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes such as exposure to fire smoke (notably carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, and particulates), heat stress, noise, and shift work. (cdc.gov)
System2
Lung1
- and lung abnormalities. (medlineplus.gov)
Exposure1
- Lifelong exposure to high altitude leads to various adaptations affecting haemodynamics, cardiovascular control and cerebrovascular reactivity. (sfu.ca)
Sperm2
- V.E. Claydon, S.L. Elliott, A.W. Sheel, A. Krassioukov (2006) Cardiovascular responses to vibrostimulation for sperm retrieval in men with spinal cord injury. (sfu.ca)
- What Are Sperm Abnormalities? (glutenfreeworks.com)
Result1
- These range from autoimmune destruction of the beta-cells of the pancreas with consequent insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in resistance to insulin action. (medscape.com)
Adults1
- Abnormalities in gray matter microstructure in young adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (harvard.edu)