E-CELL: software environment for whole-cell simulation. (1/1036)

MOTIVATION: Genome sequencing projects and further systematic functional analyses of complete gene sets are producing an unprecedented mass of molecular information for a wide range of model organisms. This provides us with a detailed account of the cell with which we may begin to build models for simulating intracellular molecular processes to predict the dynamic behavior of living cells. Previous work in biochemical and genetic simulation has isolated well-characterized pathways for detailed analysis, but methods for building integrative models of the cell that incorporate gene regulation, metabolism and signaling have not been established. We, therefore, were motivated to develop a software environment for building such integrative models based on gene sets, and running simulations to conduct experiments in silico. RESULTS: E-CELL, a modeling and simulation environment for biochemical and genetic processes, has been developed. The E-CELL system allows a user to define functions of proteins, protein-protein interactions, protein-DNA interactions, regulation of gene expression and other features of cellular metabolism, as a set of reaction rules. E-CELL simulates cell behavior by numerically integrating the differential equations described implicitly in these reaction rules. The user can observe, through a computer display, dynamic changes in concentrations of proteins, protein complexes and other chemical compounds in the cell. Using this software, we constructed a model of a hypothetical cell with only 127 genes sufficient for transcription, translation, energy production and phospholipid synthesis. Most of the genes are taken from Mycoplasma genitalium, the organism having the smallest known chromosome, whose complete 580 kb genome sequence was determined at TIGR in 1995. We discuss future applications of the E-CELL system with special respect to genome engineering. AVAILABILITY: The E-CELL software is available upon request. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The complete list of rules of the developed cell model with kinetic parameters can be obtained via our web site at: http://e-cell.org/.  (+info)

Effector cells of both nonhemopoietic and hemopoietic origin are required for interferon (IFN)-gamma- and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-dependent host resistance to the intracellular pathogen, Toxoplasma gondii. (2/1036)

Although interferon (IFN)-gamma-activated, mononuclear phagocytes are considered to be the major effectors of resistance to intracellular pathogens, it is unclear how they control the growth of microorganisms that reside in nonhemopoietic cells. Pathogens within such cells may be killed by metabolites secreted by activated macrophages or, alternatively, directly controlled by cytokine-induced microbicidal mechanisms triggered within infected nonphagocytic cells. To distinguish between these two basic mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity, reciprocal bone marrow chimeras were constructed between wild-type and IFN-gamma receptor-deficient mice and their survival assessed following infection with Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite that invades both hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cell lineages. Resistance to acute and persistent infection was displayed only by animals in which IFN-gamma receptors were expressed in both cellular compartments. Parallel chimera experiments performed with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-deficient mice also indicated a codependence on hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic lineages for optimal control of the parasite. In contrast, in mice chimeric for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme associated with IFN-gamma-induced macrophage microbicidal activity, expression by cells of hemopoietic origin was sufficient for host resistance. Together, these findings suggest that, in concert with bone marrow-derived effectors, nonhemopoietic cells can directly mediate, in the absence of endogenous iNOS, IFN-gamma- and TNF-alpha-dependent host resistance to intracellular infection.  (+info)

Cellular microbiology: can we learn cell physiology from microorganisms? (3/1036)

Cellular microbiology is a new discipline that is emerging at the interface between cell biology and microbiology. The application of molecular techniques to the study of bacterial pathogenesis has made possible discoveries that are changing the way scientists view the bacterium-host interaction. Today, research on the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of infective diarrheal diseases of necessity transcends established boundaries between cell biology, bacteriology, intestinal pathophysiology, and immunology. The use of microbial pathogens to address questions in cell physiology is just now yielding promising applications and striking results.  (+info)

Phase imaging by atomic force microscopy: analysis of living homoiothermic vertebrate cells. (4/1036)

Atomic force microscope-based phase imaging in air is capable of elucidating variations in material properties such as adhesion, friction, and viscoelasticity. However, the interpretation of phase images of specimens in a fluid environment requires clarification. In this report, we systematically analyzed atomic force microscope-derived phase images of mica, glass, and collagen under the same conditions as used for living cells at various tapping forces; the resulting data provide critical information for the interpretation of phase images of living cells. The peripheral regions of COS-1 cells consistently show a more negative phase shift than the glass substrate in phase images at set-point amplitude: free amplitude (Asp/A0) = 0.6-0.8. In addition, at all Asp/A0 values suitable for phase imaging, tapping frequency appears to be high enough to ensure that phase shifts are governed primarily by stiffness. Consequently, phase imaging is capable of high resolution studies of the cellular surface by detecting localized variations in stiffness. We demonstrate that phase imaging of a bifurcating fiber in COS-1 cell cytoplasm is readily capable of a lateral resolution of approximately 30 nm.  (+info)

Single micro electrode dielectrophoretic tweezers for manipulation of suspended cells and particles. (5/1036)

Cells or particles in aqueous suspension close to a single capacitively coupled micro electrode (CCME) driven with high frequency electric fields experience dielectrophoretic forces. The effects near the CCME can be used for trapping and manipulation of single cells using externally metallised glass pipettes and might be used to develop a microscope based on force or capacitance measurements in conductive media.  (+info)

Functional roles of S100 proteins, calcium-binding proteins of the EF-hand type. (6/1036)

A multigenic family of Ca2+-binding proteins of the EF-hand type known as S100 comprises 19 members that are differentially expressed in a large number of cell types. Members of this protein family have been implicated in the Ca2+-dependent (and, in some cases, Zn2+- or Cu2+-dependent) regulation of a variety of intracellular activities such as protein phosphorylation, enzyme activities, cell proliferation (including neoplastic transformation) and differentiation, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, the structural organization of membranes, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, inflammation, and in protection from oxidative cell damage. Some S100 members are released or secreted into the extracellular space and exert trophic or toxic effects depending on their concentration, act as chemoattractants for leukocytes, modulate cell proliferation, or regulate macrophage activation. Structural data suggest that many S100 members exist within cells as dimers in which the two monomers are related by a two-fold axis of rotation and that Ca2+ binding induces in individual monomers the exposure of a binding surface with which S100 dimers are believed to interact with their target proteins. Thus, any S100 dimer is suggested to expose two binding surfaces on opposite sides, which renders homodimeric S100 proteins ideal for crossbridging two homologous or heterologous target proteins. Although in some cases different S100 proteins share their target proteins, in most cases a high degree of target specificity has been described, suggesting that individual S100 members might be implicated in the regulation of specific activities. On the other hand, the relatively large number of target proteins identified for a single S100 protein might depend on the specific role played by the individual regions that in an S100 molecule contribute to the formation of the binding surface. The pleiotropic roles played by S100 members, the identification of S100 target proteins, the analysis of functional correlates of S100-target protein interactions, and the elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of some S100 members have greatly increased the interest in S100 proteins and our knowledge of S100 protein biology in the last few years. S100 proteins probably are an example of calcium-modulated, regulatory proteins that intervene in the fine tuning of a relatively large number of specific intracellular and (in the case of some members) extracellular activities. Systems, including knock-out animal models, should be now used with the aim of defining the correspondence between the in vitro regulatory role(s) attributed to individual members of this protein family and the in vivo function(s) of each S100 protein.  (+info)

The osmotic migration of cells in a solute gradient. (7/1036)

The effect of a nonuniform solute concentration on the osmotic transport of water through the boundaries of a simple model cell is investigated. A system of two ordinary differential equations is derived for the motion of a single cell in the limit of a fast solute diffusion, and an analytic solution is obtained for one special case. A two-dimensional finite element model has been developed to simulate the more general case (finite diffusion rates, solute gradient induced by a solidification front). It is shown that the cell moves to regions of lower solute concentration due to the uneven flux of water through the cell boundaries. This mechanism has apparently not been discussed previously. The magnitude of this effect is small for red blood cells, the case in which all of the relevant parameters are known. We show, however, that it increases with cell size and membrane permeability, so this effect could be important for larger cells. The finite element model presented should also have other applications in the study of the response of cells to an osmotic stress and for the interaction of cells and solidification fronts. Such investigations are of major relevance for the optimization of cryopreservation processes.  (+info)

A polarization model overcoming the geometric restrictions of the laplace solution for spheroidal cells: obtaining new equations for field-induced forces and transmembrane potential. (8/1036)

We present a new model for a variety of electric polarization effects on oblate and prolate homogeneous and single-shell spheroids. For homogeneous spheroids the model is identical to the Laplace model. For single-shell spheres of cell-like geometry the calculated difference of the induced dipole moments is in the thousandths range. To solve Laplace's equation for nonspherical single-shell objects it is necessary to assume a confocal shell, which results in different cell membrane properties in the pole and equator regions, respectively. Our alternative model addresses this drawback. It assumes that the disturbance of the external field due to polarization may project into the medium to a characteristic distance, the influential radius. This parameter is related to the axis ratio of the spheroid over the depolarizing factors and allows us to determine the geometry for a finite resistor-capacitor model. From this model the potential at the spheroid's surface is obtained and, consequently, the local field inside a homogeneous spheroid is determined. In the single-shell case, this is the effective local field of an equivalent homogeneous spheroid. Finally, integration over the volume yields the frequency-dependent induced dipole moment. The resistor-capacitor approach allowed us to find simple equations for the critical and characteristic frequencies, force plateaus and peak heights of deformation, dielectrophoresis and electrorotation for homogeneous and single-shell spheroids, and a more generalized equation for the induced transmembrane potential of spheroidal cells.  (+info)

... are virally infected epithelial cells that can be found in the urine. Decoy cells owe their name to their strong ... In our experience, these features make decoy cells different from tubular cells and transitional cells found in all other ... or the other way around where cancer cells can be mistaken for decoy cells. Decoy cells themselves do not cause any disease, ... When decoy cells derive from the urothelium, the heavily enlarged and altered nuclei as well as the irregular shape of the cell ...
... is a 3-piece American rock band based in Chicago, currently made up of singer/guitarist Cory Hance, bassist Johnny ... The new Cells lineup completed the band's second CD Mayday in 2006, available on their own imprint, Old Reliable Records. ... a key Cells member during his stint), Skid Marks, of Box-O-Car, Josh James and Bob Rising . They released their debut album, We ...
Finally, specialized immune cells, B cells and T cells, and nonspecialized immune cells, nature killer cells, are created from ... T-cell antibodies bind to antigens such as virus infected cells or tumor cells. In Lutzner cells, there is a mutation in the T- ... but also occurs when a T cell becomes abnormal. The mutated cell then divides to create multiple cells. Lymphoma cells can be ... while non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involves differentiated immune cells like B cells and T cells for example. Lutzner cells are ...
... are a cell type found in the outmost epidermal layer of plants. The main purpose of these cells is to form a ... A thick external cell wall influences the direction of growth by impeding expansion towards the outside of the cell and instead ... As the leaf grows, the pavement cells will also grow, divide, and synthesize new vacuoles, plasma membrane parts, and cell wall ... Qian, P.; Hou, S.; Guo, G. (2009). "Molecular mechanisms controlling pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis leaves". Plant Cell ...
... are a model human cell line (epidermoid carcinoma) used in biomedical research. A431 cells were established from an ... A431 cells are used in studies of the cell cycle and cancer-associated cell signalling pathways since they express abnormally ... Treatment with Sertoli cell secreted growth factor (SCSGF) strongly induces cell proliferation. Stimulation of A431 cells with ... EGF promotes cell growth of A431 cells whereas at higher (nanomolar) concentrations it inhibits growth by causing the cells to ...
RBL (Rat Basophilic Leukemia cells) are cancerous basophil cells that are well suited for the study of allergies. RBL cells are ... They are used in place of mast cells due to a higher stability in tissue culture. RBL cells can also be humanized, aiding in ... Rodent cell lines, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ... "Use of Humanized Rat Basophilic Leukemia Reporter Cell Lines as ... 1 January 2014). "Anti-Allergic Action of Aged Black Garlic Extract in RBL-2H3 Cells and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Reaction ...
... which confirmed lot cells as guidepost cells. Cajal-Retzius cells are the first cells to cover the cortical sheet and ... However, guidepost cells can also act as a group. There is a band of epithelial cells, called floor-plate cells, present in the ... Guidepost cells are typically immature glial cells and neuron cells, that have yet to grown an axon. They can either be labeled ... Perirecular cells (or internal capsule cells) are neuronal guidepost cells located along the path of creating the internal ...
... are cells that contain two nuclei. This type of cell is most commonly found in cancer cells and may arise ... Binucleated cells can be observed using microscopy. Cells must first be fixed to arrest them wherever they are in the cell ... Binucleated cells are most easily identified by viewing tubulin, which surrounds the two nuclei in the cell. Binucleated cells ... The fate of binucleated cells depends largely on the type of cell they originated from. A large percentage of binucleated cells ...
... are also thought to control the invasion of the endometrium by trophoblast cells. Experimentally, human ... termed decidual cells. Their enlargement is due to glycogen and lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm allowing these cells to ... The cells will exhibit a decidualized phenotype and display upregulation of common decidualization markers such as prolactin ... The interglandular tissue is also increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, ...
These Cells can only be spent at the end of a dungeon section; if the player dies before then, they lose all collected Cells. ... Cells can be used to purchase permanent upgrades, such as potions that restore hit points or additional weapons that may be ... Dead Cells is a 2018 roguelike-Metroidvania game developed and published by Motion Twin.The player takes the role of an ... Dead Cells features a permadeath system, causing the player to lose all items and other abilities upon dying. A currency called ...
... , also called ATCC TIB-208, is a cell line originally derived from B-cell lymphoma in an old BALB/c mouse. AT20 cells ... ATCC TIB-208 cells originated from B-cell lymphoma in the reticulum cell sarcoma of an elderly BALB/c mouse. A20 cells are used ... "A20: Modeling B cell lymphoma in mice". drugdevelopment.labcorp.com. Retrieved 2022-12-05. Meziane el, K; Bhattacharyya, T; ... A20 cells are also highly responsive to immunomodulatory antibodies, and are therefore used frequently in immunotherapy drug ...
... are a cell line derived from male long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylis) epithelial kidney cells. This cell line ... PtK2 cells are relatively large, and when grown in a monolayer, stay flat throughout the cell cycle - unlike many cells that ... Cells from the rat kangaroo were selected as the source of a cell line because this species has only a small number of ... PtK2 cells are resistant to adenovirus 5, coxsackievirus B5, and poliovirus 2. They are susceptible to coxsackievirus A9, ...
... may refer to: Microfold cell Magnocellular cell Motilin secreting cells of the gastrointestinal tract This ... disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title M cells. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change ...
... , a perennial river of the Manning River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast ... Cells River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, southeast of Yarrowitch, and flows generally southeast ... "Map of Cells River, NSW". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 15 March 2013. "Manning River catchments" (map). Office ...
... refer to the epithelial cell lining of the pancreatic duct that deliver enzymes from the acinar cells to the ... Ductal cells mix their production with acinar cells to make up the pancreatic juice. Ductal cells comprise about 10% of the ... In adult ductal cells, there are observations that these cells take on the identity of progenitor cells when stressed. This ... Pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells resemble pancreatic ductal cells. Both cell groups show tubule formation, cuboidal shape, and ...
... (short for opossum kidney cells) are a marsupial cell line used in medical research to model proximal tubule ... this cell line has the limitation of lacking several enzymes specific to the proximal tubule. Nonetheless, OK cells have been ... A comparison with rat renal tubular cells". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 29 (4): 681-688. doi: ... OK cells are sold under the catalog number CRL-1840 by ATCC. Koyama, H.; Goodpasture, C.; Miller, M. M.; Teplitz, R. L.; Riggs ...
HCT116 is a human colon cancer cell line used in therapeutic research and drug screenings. HCT116 cells have a mutation in ... The HCT116 cell line was found to have two variations; one with a large expression of the Insp8 gene, and the other without. ... The cell line has been used in tumorigenicity studies, along with other research that has shown that Cyclin D1 holds large ... The cells have an epithelial morphology and can metastasize in xenograft models. When transducted with viral vectors carrying ...
... may mean: Revolutionary Cells - Animal Liberation Brigade, an animal liberation activist group ... Revolutionary Cells (Argentina), an anarchist urban guerilla group Revolutionary Cells (German group), a German left-wing ... group also known as Revolutionary Cells This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Revolutionary Cells. ...
Stomach Cell (voice: Shim Kyu-hyuk) I've-Seen-It-Somewhere Cell Cleaning Cell Tongue Cells (voice: Yoo Se-yoon) Rational Cell ( ... Inner Feeling Cell (voice: Sa Moon-yeong) Rampage Cell (voice: Jeong Jae-heon) Fussy Cell (voice: Sa Moon-yeong) Lullaby Cell ( ... Other cells wear blue, but it wears pink. Emotional Cell (voice: Park Ji-yoon) Emotional cell, responsible for emotion. It has ... When this cell wakes up, Yumi's appetite explodes. Naughty Cell (voice: Ahn Young-mi) Clumsy sexuality cell that promotes racy ...
An Opalski cell is a large (up to 35 μm in diameter) altered glial cell, originated from degenerating astrocytes, with small, ... Opalski cells was described by Adam Opalski, Polish neurologist and neuropathologist. "Jerzy Kulczycki. Professor Adam Opalski ... Mossakowski, M. J. (1965). "Some remarks on the morphology and histochemistry of the so-called Opalski cells". Acta ...
Sf9 cells, a clonal isolate of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf21 cells (IPLB-Sf21-AE), are commonly used in insect cell culture for ... Invitrogen (14 Mar 2017). "Cell Lines". Growth and Maintenance of Insect cell lines: User Guide (PDF). Rev. Date - 8 March 2010 ... SfRV appears to be insect-specific and does not appear to infect mammalian cell lines. Vaughn JL; Goodwin RH; Tompkins GJ; ... It has previously been shown that some Sf9 cell lines harbor a negative sense Rhabdovirus called Spodoptera frugiperda ...
... are several cell lines of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The original 3T3 cell line (3T3-Swiss albino) was established ... These cells are also contact inhibited. The cells are sensitive to sarcoma virus and leukemia virus focus formation. 3T3 cells ... cells. Since then, several cell lines have been established with this procotol: 3T3-Swiss albino, the original 1962 cell line ... cells, Rodent cell lines, Alternatives to animal testing, All stub articles, Cell biology stubs). ...
COS are fibroblast-like cell lines derived from monkey kidney tissue. COS cells are obtained by immortalizing CV-1 cells with a ... The CV-1 cell line in turn was derived from the kidney of the African green monkey. The acronym "COS" is derived from the cells ... Cells from these lines are also often transfected to produce recombinant proteins for molecular biology, biochemistry, and cell ... Gluzman Y (January 1981). "SV40-transformed simian cells support the replication of early SV40 mutants". Cell. 23 (1): 175-82. ...
... relative humidity with a cell density of 5x105 cell per 15 ml. This cell line is usually used to express antibodies since they ... J558L cells are mouse B myeloma cells derived from a BALB/c strain isolated by M. Bruggeman and M.S. Neuberger in the ... It is a stable B cell line used to express antibodies. They are a suspension cell line and are best cultured in Eagle's minimal ... "Immunoglobulin gene expression in transformed lymphoid cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (3): 825-9. Bibcode:1983PNAS... ...
... are an immortalized line of human T lymphocyte cells that are used to study acute T cell leukemia, T cell ... The I 9.2 and I 2.1 cell lines. The I 2.1 cell line is functionally defective for FADD and the I 9.2 cell line is functionally ... J.RT3-T3.5 cells have a mutation in the T cell receptor beta chain locus precluding expression of this chain. This affects the ... The D1.1 cell line does not express the CD4 molecule, an important co-receptor in the activation pathway of helper T cells. The ...
... in cell biology are an early form of mouse/murine hematopoietic stem cells. Characteristics are Kit (+), Sca-1 (+) ... Biology portal Science portal Cell biophysics Cell disruption Cell physiology Cellular adaptation Cellular microbiology Outline ... Hematopoitic stem cells are of interest because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into every types of blood cell ... Kit (CD117) is the receptor of Stem Cell Factor. Sca-1 is a murine hematopoietic stem cell antigen. Lin is a series of lineage ...
... , also known as cells of Dogiel, are a type of multipolar neuronal cells within the prevertebral sympathetic ... Differentiated vascularization of Dogiel's cell types and the preferred vascularization of type I/2 cells within plexus ... Differentiated vascularization of Dogiel's cell types and the preferred vascularization of type I/2 cells within plexus ... There are seven types of cells of Dogiel. Cajal, Santiago R.y; Pasik, Pedro; Pasik, Tauba (14 October 2002). Texture of the ...
... were the first human immortalised myelogenous leukemia cell line to be established. K562 cells are of the ... Many factors and components play a role in the cell cycle of K562 cells in terms of growth, cell differentiation, and apoptosis ... The growth of these leukemic cells are controlled by either initiating cell differentiation or apoptosis to occur. Cell ... abl over-expression may actually increase cell adherence to cell culture plastic. K562 cells can spontaneously develop ...
Most persister cells are bacterial, and there are also fungal persister cells, yeast persister cells, and cancer persister ... Persister cells are subpopulations of cells that resist treatment, and become antimicrobial tolerant by changing to a state of ... Persister cells in their dormancy do not divide. The tolerance shown in persister cells differs from antimicrobial resistance ... 2016). "Enhanced Efflux Activity Facilitates Drug Tolerance in Dormant Bacterial Cells". Mol Cell. 62 (2): 284-294. doi:10.1016 ...
... are a mass of cells in plants, formed from the cork cambium at the position of the lenticels. It is a group ... "Definition of COMPLEMENTARY CELL". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2018-04-28. v t e (Articles needing additional references ... of loosely arranged cells that aid in gaseous exchange through cork. " ...
How much do you know about sickle cell disease? Take this quiz to find out! ...
Langerhans cells are stellate dendritic cells that arise from CD34-positive bone marrow stem cells[5] and are not a member of ... Langerhans cell granulomatosis cells are abnormal and coexpress S100 and CD1a, and these markers are used to separate this ... Langerhans cell granulomatosis (LCG) is a clonal disorder characterized by lesions containing histiocyte-like cells, giant ... The cellular makeup of these monocytoid/histocytic cells is heterogeneous and ranges from cells of lymphoid, histiocytic, and ...
... the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. Explore symptoms, inheritance, genetics of ... Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects hemoglobin , ... The signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease are caused by the sickling of red blood cells. When red blood cells sickle, they ... In sickle cell anemia (also called homozygous sickle cell disease), which is the most common form of sickle cell disease, ...
Decoy cells are virally infected epithelial cells that can be found in the urine. Decoy cells owe their name to their strong ... In our experience, these features make decoy cells different from tubular cells and transitional cells found in all other ... or the other way around where cancer cells can be mistaken for decoy cells. Decoy cells themselves do not cause any disease, ... When decoy cells derive from the urothelium, the heavily enlarged and altered nuclei as well as the irregular shape of the cell ...
Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma occurs predominantly on the extremities of middle-aged and elderly women. ... Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma is a benign fibrohistiocytic and vascular proliferation that was first reported by Smith ... Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma * 2003/viewarticle/frontline-management-extensive-stage-small-cell-lung-cancer- ... Puig et al propose the existence of an interaction between mast cells and factor XIIIa-positive fibrohistiocytic cells, which ...
Both adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells may hold potential to ameliorate or even cure a number of human diseases. ... 16 letter to the editor by reader Daniel John Sobieski states that adult stem cells may show as much promise to mitigate human ... Alas in his desire to "preserve life" (an odd term because stem-cell researchers would claim to be striving for the same goal ... The Bush administration has sought to politicize stem-cell research by limiting capability (permission and funding) to do ...
... families and medical professionals in our community and to leading the advancement of knowledge and research in mast cell ... The Mast Cell Disease Society is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing multi-faceted support to patients, ... State Proclamations for International Mastocytosis & Mast Cell Diseases Awareness Day. International Mast Cell Diseases ... Mast Cell Diseases & Rare Disease Days. *We can be the vehicles of our own message by sharing our experiences ...
The team is now evaluating whether the alterations mean that cells behave more like cancer cells in culture. ... the research looked at human bronchial cells that contained some mutations found in smokers at risk of lung cancer. The cells ... The researchers found that the cells grown in medium exposed to the vapour of e-cigarettes showed a similar pattern of gene ... and mainstream-smoke from tobacco cigarettes activate different gene expression profiles in human bronchial epithelial cells * ...
This is a three-day course which provides a comprehensive and up to date introduction to fuel cells for use in automotive ... He was invited to write green energy and fuel cell chapters for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Durability and Materials for the ... Day 1 will have a brief introduction to fuel cells and then go through fundamentals of fuel cells: the thermodynamic principles ... Identify the concepts and terminology of fuel cells in automotive applications. *Describe the key components of fuel cells ...
Pars tuberalis cells -- RDoC Element. Type of Element: Cell. The following construct(s)/subconstruct(s) refer to this element ... Home , Research , Research Funded by NIMH , Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) , Units of Analysis , Cells , Pars tuberalis cells ...
... has provided students with a learning resource for cell biology, microbiology, immunology, and microscopy through ...
He called these induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) for their ability to differentiate into any of the bodys cell ... On 20 November, Yamanaka reported using a relatively cheap and easy technique to reprogramme adult human cells into cells ... Japanese researchers keen to get hold of iPS cells can apply to the BioResource Center at the Institute of Physical and ... Nishikawa has already been in touch with organizers of a stem-cell consortium in China, and hopes that researchers everywhere, ...
... you can format numbers in cells for things like currency, percentages, decimals, dates, phone numbers, or social security ... Right-click the cell or cell range, select Format Cells… , and select Number. ... In Excel, you can format numbers in cells for things like currency, percentages, decimals, dates, phone numbers, or social ...
The Hadley cell redistributes heat, counteracting the uneven heating of the Earth.. The Hadley cell is an important mechanism ... These include the prominent "Hadley cells" centered over the tropics and the weaker "Ferrell cells" centered over the mid- ... Hadley cell expansion and intensity changes[edit]. Observed trends[edit]. Climate change has led to the poleward expansion of ... The subtropical jet in the upper troposphere coincides with where the Hadley cell meets the Ferrell cell.[1] The strong wind ...
https://www.mediafire.com/file/43e7249cea54q6n/Dead_Cells__v3.3.6__Mod.apk/file. .header { position: absolute; width: 230px; ...
In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the ... Breakthrough of the Year. Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and ... Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. ... Stem cells come in three forms: embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells come from ...
His team exposed skin cells from human breasts to a chemical that attracts cells. Those cells genetically engineered to have ... The protein made by a gene called RhoC helps both normal and cancer cells move, says Kenneth van Golen of the University of ... A new battery starves cancer cells of oxygen in mice By Bethany Brookshire. March 31, 2023. ... A catalog of all human cells reveals a mathematical pattern By Darren Incorvaia. September 18, 2023. ...
Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched ... By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that ... Embryonic stem cells are immortal, and have the potential to develop into any type of adult cell, even after months growing in ... Human somatic cell nuclear transfer using adult cells. *Human oocytes reprogram adult somatic nuclei of a type 1 diabetic to ...
Want to learn more about stem cells and regenerative medicine? ... Questions and answers about stem cells and stem cell research. ... What Are Stem Cells?. A background guide to understanding where stem cells come from, and why scientists are so excited about ... Explanations of the most commonly used stem cell terms.. Useful Links Some of the best stem cell resources from around the web ... Want to learn more about stem cells and regenerative medicine?. ... institutions doing research and clinical trials with stem cells ...
... (RBCs), also known as packed red blood cells (pRBCs), are prepared from whole blood by ... Red blood cells do not provide viable platelets, nor do they provide clinically significant amounts of coagulation factors. In ... The volume of one unit of RBCs contains approximately 200mL red blood cells, 100 mL of an additive solution, and ~30mL plasma, ... Patients undergoing fludarabine therapy (purine analog), bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood stem cell ...
The cells are responsible for the highly malignant skin tumor known as Merkel cell carcinoma. An infectious cause for Merkel ... 1875;11:636-52; Foulongne, V, Kluger N, Dereure O, Brieu N, Guillot B, Segondy M. Merkel cell polyomavirus and Merkel cell ... Merkel Cells. Volume 14, Number 9-September 2008. Article Views: 164. Data is collected weekly and does not include downloads ... The cells were named after German anatomy professor Friedrich Sigmund Merkel, who experimented with osmium tetroxide staining ...
Black silicon solar cells have been under intensive study for years because of their potential for significantly improved ... Passivation is the process of filling the dangling atomic bonds at the surface of the solar cell, as well as reducing the ... "But that would be costly, and its not practical for implementation in a high-volume solar cell fabrication line. The ability ... Because of the great potential offered by black silicon solar cells, Natcore is currently in discussions with the NREL as well ...
Heart cells regenerated in mice. Weizmann Institute of Science. Journal. Nature Cell Biology. Keywords. * /Scientific community ... Heart cells regenerated in mice Weizmann Institute research gets mouse heart cells to take a step backwards so they can be ... As opposed to blood, hair or skin cells that can renew themselves throughout life, our heart cells cease to divide shortly ... which can then divide and differentiate into new heart cells. In other words, the ERBB2 took the cells back a step to an ...
Cells at Work!; はたらくさいぼう; Hataraku saibō; Cells at Work!; Cells at Work!; Hataraku Saibou; Hataraku Saibou; Cells at Work!; Cèl ... nowiki,Hataraku Saibō; 工作細胞; Les Brigades Immunitaires; Cells at Work!; Hataraku Saibō; Cells at Work!; Hataraku Saibou; Cells ... lules treballant; Hataraku Saibō; Cells at Work!; Hataraku Saibō; Hataraku Saibō; Hataraku Saibou; Cells at Work!; Cells at ... Cells at Work! - Lavori in corpo; 工作細胞; 工作細胞; 工作细胞; 工作細胞; 일하는 세포; Cells at Work!; الخلايا
For many years biologists have known that cells die at predictable points during development: tadpoles lose their tails and ... Horvitz identified specific genes that trigger cell death in the cells of a millimeter-long soil-dwelling nematode named ... Scientists believed that cells died when they were deprived of oxygen or damaged by something in their environment. ... This means that in every nematode, the same 131 cells follow exactly the same pathway and die at exactly the same time of life ...
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Find out more about small cells and EME. ... What are small cells? Small cells are low-powered radio ... Small cell EME testing We undertake regular and rigorous EME testing of our small cells to ensure the safety of our small cells ... 4G small cell EME testing Weve done extensive EME testing around Telstras 4G small cell installations, using independent ... 5G mmWave small cell EME testing During 2020 and 2021, Telstra conducted a 5G mmWave small cell trial in Melbourne, Sydney, ...
Host: Michael Schäfers, Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence. 13.05.2019. Circadian clocks in cell culture: the impact on cell ... Host: Ryan Gilmour, Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence. 27.06.2016. Cell-cell adhesion signaling in epithelial polarity and ... Modulation of T cell reactivity by tissue cells. Bernd Arnold, Heidelberg/Germany. Host: Lydia Sorokin, Cells-in-Motion Cluster ... Host: Erez Raz, Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence. 27.11.2017. Shapely changes: dynamics of the neural stem cell niche in ...
... cell phones - Featured Topics from the National Center for Health Statistics ...
  • Decoy cells are virally infected epithelial cells that can be found in the urine. (wikipedia.org)
  • The surface of the stomach and opening of the gastric pits have a single layer of columnar epithelial cells, known as surface mucous cells or foveolar cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Epithelial cells growing on a patterned adhesive surface with the shape of the Weizmann Institute tree. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • It was concluded that circulating epithelial cells may be present in patients with benign inflammatory colon which were detectable by CTC assays. (medscape.com)
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.015 epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Chicago - An Oct. 16 letter to the editor by reader Daniel John Sobieski states that adult stem cells may show as much promise to mitigate human suffering as embryonic stem cells. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Both adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells may hold potential to ameliorate or even cure a number of human diseases. (chicagotribune.com)
  • The Bush administration has sought to politicize stem-cell research by limiting capability (permission and funding) to do research with embryonic cells. (chicagotribune.com)
  • On 20 November, Yamanaka reported using a relatively cheap and easy technique to reprogramme adult human cells into cells almost indistinguishable from embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
  • SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
  • Embryonic stem cells are immortal, and have the potential to develop into any type of adult cell, even after months growing in culture dishes. (news-medical.net)
  • By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)
  • The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
  • In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
  • They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
  • This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
  • Dermal fibroblasts were taken from a 35-year old male and a 75-year-old male and used to create embryonic stem cells. (news-medical.net)
  • The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
  • Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
  • The first clinical trials involving a patient receiving human embryonic stem cells began in October 2010 at the Shepard Center, a spinal cord injury hospital in Atlanta. (cbc.ca)
  • Scientists say embryonic stem cells are the most useful type because they have the potential to become any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
  • However, researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute say reprogrammed cells won't eliminate the need or value of studying embryonic stem cells. (cbc.ca)
  • Stem cells come in three forms: embryonic stem cells, embryonic germ cells and adult stem cells. (cbc.ca)
  • Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)
  • Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent - they have the ability to become virtually any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
  • Investigation of the regenerative process through live imaging and molecular studies revealed how this happens: The cardiomyocytes "dedifferentiate" - that is, they revert to an earlier form, something between an embryonic and an adult cell, which can then divide and differentiate into new heart cells. (eurekalert.org)
  • The prolife lobby also received help from Do No Harm, a coalition of researchers, bioethicists, and doctors who spearheaded a nationwide petition urging Bush to oppose destructive human embryonic stem-cell research. (christianitytoday.com)
  • Bush's announcement grieved patients' groups and many in the scientific and medical communities who believe embryonic stem-cell research could provide a cure for millions. (christianitytoday.com)
  • A report published by the nonpartisan Center for Public Integrity (CPI) quoted a National Institutes of Health official who said that "the fledgling stem-cell industry would profit tremendously from federal funding that would cover embryonic stem-cell research. (christianitytoday.com)
  • The report notes that the AAR, which bills itself as the leading citizen advocacy organization for improving the health of older Americans, "also happens to receive funding from private-sector biotechnology companies that have a financial stake in the outcome of the stem-cell debate, including Geron," the for-profit corporation that isolated embryonic stem cells in 1998. (christianitytoday.com)
  • There are those in the government and scientific community who say more money must be spent on human embryonic stem cell research because it holds the most promise for helping people with conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. (all.org)
  • Alzheimer's researcher Ned Potter said, however, that human embryonic stem cell research would not help the Alzheimer's patient at all. (all.org)
  • The injection or infusion of embryonic stem cells are not the ones needed. (all.org)
  • Contrary to the impression many people have, research involving human embryonic stem cells is not new. (all.org)
  • Yet, human embryonic stem cell research has thus far been unsuccessful in the quest to develop any therapeutic treatments. (all.org)
  • Therefore, it is speculated that those who support human embryonic stem cell research are clamoring loudly for taxpayer dollars because private companies know human embryonic stem cell research is neither worth their time nor their money. (all.org)
  • It is further speculated that those who support human embryonic stem cell research are also seeking human embryos for the purposes of human cloning. (all.org)
  • In a surprising new finding, scientists have shown that mouse stem cells treated with the drug reverted to an 'embryonic' state. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Writing in the journal Cell Stem Cell , the team reports that more than half of mouse epiblast stem cells treated with the drug reversed course within three days, and regained an embryonic "be anything" state, also called pluripotency. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Currently, embryos left over from infertility treatments are the only source of human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the 'Breakthrough of the Year. (cbc.ca)
  • Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)
  • In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)
  • Ontario and California together account for about 70 per cent of the stem cell research currently conducted in North America. (cbc.ca)
  • Some of that money would be aimed at turning the state into the second-largest stem cell research region in the United States. (cbc.ca)
  • Questions and answers about stem cells and stem cell research. (massgeneral.org)
  • Biotechnology companies specializing in stem-cell research stand to reap huge financial windfalls from successful therapies developed via this science," said the CPI report. (christianitytoday.com)
  • While stem cell research and human cloning are complex topics, the facts are readily available. (all.org)
  • Nov. 10, 2022 Researchers have discovered a new process that uses fuel to control non-living materials, similar to what living cells do. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Mar. 16, 2022 Biological processes such as wound healing and cancer cell invasion rely on the collective and coordinated motion of living cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using both animal and human samples, the team focused on control cells, known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and their effect on B cells. (healthline.com)
  • In people with sickle cell disease, at least one of the beta-globin subunits in hemoglobin is replaced with hemoglobin S. In sickle cell anemia (also called homozygous sickle cell disease), which is the most common form of sickle cell disease, hemoglobin S replaces both beta-globin subunits in hemoglobin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sickle cell trait (SCT) is not a mild form of sickle cell disease. (cdc.gov)
  • International Mast Cell Diseases Awareness Day is October 20, 2023! (tmsforacure.org)
  • Retrieved on December 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Cloning-Human-Cells.aspx. (news-medical.net)
  • Alas in his desire to "preserve life" (an odd term because stem-cell researchers would claim to be striving for the same goal), he fails to grasp the central concepts of the debate. (chicagotribune.com)
  • Japanese researchers keen to get hold of iPS cells can apply to the BioResource Center at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) in Tsukuba, north of Tokyo, which will start distributing mouse iPS cells from previous work by Yamanaka in March. (nature.com)
  • Nishikawa has already been in touch with organizers of a stem-cell consortium in China, and hopes that researchers everywhere, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, will be able to work together. (nature.com)
  • Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
  • However, very little was known about the mechanism until Robert Horvitz '68 and other researchers identified and described the process of programmed cell death. (technologyreview.com)
  • In a feat that could lead to new medical treatments, researchers have grown healthy liver cells on silicon chips. (sciencenews.org)
  • Bush promised in January to review a Clinton administration rule that allowed federal funding for researchers experimenting on embryo cells from fertility clinics. (christianitytoday.com)
  • The rule circumvented a 1995 congressional ban on using federal money for biomedical research on embryos outside the womb by allowing researchers to use stem cells extracted by a third party. (christianitytoday.com)
  • Researchers value the cells for their ability to replicate quickly and turn into any kind of human tissue. (christianitytoday.com)
  • The groups argue that rather than waste embryos that will be destroyed along with their stem cells, researchers should use them to help save those whose lives are being cut short by disease. (christianitytoday.com)
  • Nearly 33,000 journal articles rely on misidentified cells lines , according to a recent estimate by a pair of Dutch researchers. (genomeweb.com)
  • With over 95 years of expertise with cell and microbial cultures, ATCC has acquired and developed a vast body of best practices to aid researchers at all levels of proficiency to maximize the return on their biomaterials investment. (atcc.org)
  • Ultra-high efficiency solar cells similar to those used in space may now be possible on your rooftop thanks to a new microscale solar concentration technology developed by an international team of researchers. (eurekalert.org)
  • To enable CPV on rooftops, the researchers combined miniaturized, gallium arsenide photovoltaic cells, 3D-printed plastic lens arrays and a moveable focusing mechanism to reduce the size, weight and cost of the CPV system and create something similar to a traditional solar panel that can be placed on the south-facing side of a building's roof. (eurekalert.org)
  • To focus sunlight on the array of cells, the researchers embedded them between a pair of 3D-printed plastic lenslet arrays. (eurekalert.org)
  • By sandwiching the cells between the lenslet arrays, the researchers solved this problem and enabled efficient solar focusing for a full eight hour day with only about 1 centimeter of total movement needed for tracking. (eurekalert.org)
  • Researchers at Yale have demonstrated a device that uses a magnetic liquid to separate blood cells based on their size and shape in just minutes. (technologyreview.com)
  • The researchers, led by electrical engineering professor Hur Koser , hope to develop a cheap alternative to cell-sorting techniques that are time-consuming and sometimes require expensive labeling. (technologyreview.com)
  • MLL1 plays a key role in the uncontrolled explosion of white blood cells that's the hallmark of leukemia, which is why U-M researchers originally developed MM-401 to interfere with it. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using MATLAB and Simulink, University of Delaware researchers modeled the FCHB, analyzed data from its many onboard sensors, improved its power management strategy, and gained key insights into fuel cell bus design optimization. (mathworks.com)
  • Researchers have been looking into the neurological effects of too many B cells in a person's body. (healthline.com)
  • Researchers from the Technical University of Munich concluded that when certain control cells are missing, the B cells can accumulate and cause inflammation in the nervous system. (healthline.com)
  • In September 2010 , Natcore scientists announced their success in passivating standard commercial silicon solar cells on which a silica film had been grown using Natcore's liquid phase deposition (LPD) process. (prnewswire.com)
  • Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. (cbc.ca)
  • Scientists are fascinated by the ability of stem cells to become any type of cell. (cbc.ca)
  • A background guide to understanding where stem cells come from, and why scientists are so excited about their potential for use in medicine. (massgeneral.org)
  • At the time [Horvitz began his research], most scientists thought that cells died because they had no choice," says Craig B. Thompson, chair of the Department of Cancer Biology at the University of Pennsylvania. (technologyreview.com)
  • Scientists believed that cells died when they were deprived of oxygen or damaged by something in their environment. (technologyreview.com)
  • Building on preliminary work by Sydney Brenner and John E. Sulston, the scientists with whom he shared last year's Nobel Prize, Horvitz identified specific genes that trigger cell death in the cells of a millimeter-long soil-dwelling nematode named Caenorhabditis elegans . (technologyreview.com)
  • Using a similar pressure-regulating mechanism to that found in cells, scientists created an artificial cell that responds to a sudden and possibly catastrophic change in its surroundings. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Scientists in Japan claim to be able to increase the size of a woman's breasts using fat and stem cells. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Multimodal Optical System with Adaptive Imaging Correction (MOSAIC) is bringing scientists a 3d view of living cells like we've never seen before . (metafilter.com)
  • Most Complete Simulation of a Cell Probes Life's Hidden Rules - 'A 3D digital model of a 'minimal cell' leads scientists closer to understanding the barest requirements for life. (metafilter.com)
  • It's the first time that scientists have shown they can get stem cells to revert to their original state by erasing specific labels called epigenetic markers. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The scientists don't know yet whether the protein also resides on cells in the nose or throat. (sciencenews.org)
  • Scientists used a model of the nasal lining grown from patient nasal biopsy material and used advanced techniques to profile infection and immune responses at the level of single cells. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Scientists say B cells can be beneficial, but too many can bring on MS symptoms. (healthline.com)
  • Understanding cells' mechanisms helps scientists to understand diseases. (healthline.com)
  • Sickle-cell disease is a genetic condition in which the red blood cells contain an abnormal form of the oxygen-carrying protein haemoglobin S. Children who inherit sickle-cell genes from both parents will develop sickle-cell disease, while those who inherit the gene from only one parent will have the sickle-cell trait. (who.int)
  • People who have sickle cell trait do not develop sickle cell disease, but they do have increased risks of some complications such as blood in their urine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In other types of sickle cell disease, just one beta-globin subunit in hemoglobin is replaced with hemoglobin S. The other beta-globin subunit is replaced with a different abnormal variant, such as hemoglobin C. For example, people with sickle-hemoglobin C (HbSC) disease have hemoglobin molecules with hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C instead of beta-globin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In people with sickle cell trait, red blood cells are not fragile and do not break easily. (msdmanuals.com)
  • For polyomavirus BK, only the restoration of immunologic function and the subsequent reconstitution of cells with antiviral activity such as natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells has proven to be effective. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sometimes the inflexible, sickle-shaped cells get stuck in small blood vessels and can cause serious medical complications. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The sickle-shaped cells become more numerous when people have infections or low levels of oxygen in the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Some argue that the possibility of mimicking stem cells without acquiring them from embryos, side-steps that moral dilemma. (cbc.ca)
  • This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
  • President Bush, saying he wanted to "proceed with great care," announced in a national address on August 9 that he would allow federal funding of an existing 60 stem-cell lines but would not permit tax dollars to pay for the destruction of any additional human embryos. (christianitytoday.com)
  • Indeed, some observers believe the demand for stem cells is dangerously close to spawning a huge commercial industry around the sale of and experimentation on human embryos. (christianitytoday.com)
  • Already, news that Advanced Cell Technology-a Massachusetts-based, privately held biotech company-and Virginia Medical School's Jones Institute had created or planned to create human embryos for the sole purpose of extracting their stem cells has troubled those on both sides of the debate. (christianitytoday.com)
  • But I came in to give tribs to John 'Nobel 2002' Sulston who, in the 1970s, documented the movement of individual dividing cells in developing (nematode) embryos by looking at them down a microscope for hours at a time. (metafilter.com)
  • But it also plays a much more mundane role in regular cell development, and the formation of blood cells and the cells that form the spinal cord in later-stage embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The pathogenesis of multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma is unknown. (medscape.com)
  • Cesinaro AM, Roncati L, Maiorana A. Estrogen receptor alpha overexpression in multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: new insights into the pathogenesis of a reactive process. (medscape.com)
  • We are getting an ever-growing appreciation for the role(s) that B cells play in MS pathogenesis. (healthline.com)
  • The pathogenesis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is unknown. (medscape.com)
  • The pathogenesis of other forms of diabetes (eg, gestational diabetes ) can similarly be traced to a failure of beta-cell mass, beta-cell function, or both. (medscape.com)
  • Using immunophenotyping, HIV-positive blood samples and age-matched controls were tested for the proportion of lymphocytes that are T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, CD4+ T cells (helper T cells), and CD8+ T cells (suppressor/inducer T cells). (cdc.gov)
  • The results indicated that people with higher amounts of these suppressor cells showed milder MS symptoms. (healthline.com)
  • The health ministry will add close to ¥100 million in the 2008 fiscal year directly to Yamanaka, in addition to ¥410 million for regenerative medicine infrastructure, such as a cell-processing centre. (nature.com)
  • Want to learn more about stem cells and regenerative medicine? (massgeneral.org)
  • Cell culture is a fundamental tool used in areas as wide-ranging as drug development, toxicity testing, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. (atcc.org)
  • The cellular makeup of these monocytoid/histocytic cells is heterogeneous and ranges from cells of lymphoid, histiocytic, and dendritic origin. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, in addition to epidermal Langerhans cells, other potential cellular origins for LCH include dermal langerin + dendritic cells, lymphoid tissue-resident langerin + dendritic cells, and monocytes that can be induced by local environmental stimuli to acquire a Langerhans cell phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • 1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
  • CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)
  • NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • ERBB2 is a specialized receptor - a protein that transmits external messages into the cell. (eurekalert.org)
  • Next, the team reactivated the ERBB2 protein in adult mouse heart cells, in which cardiomyocytes normally no longer divide. (eurekalert.org)
  • Protein channels in the cell's membrane release the excess water, preventing catastrophic expansion and bursting of the cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A set of experiments sought to determine the concentration of LAF-1 inside of a P granule versus the levels of the protein otherwise floating freely within the cell. (princeton.edu)
  • In addition to secreting hydrochloric acid, these cells secrete a protein known as intrinsic factor. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • After the incubation period, the cells are removed and secreted protein 'spots' are detected by immunological techniques and counted, where each spot corresponds to 1 live CTC (Figure 4). (medscape.com)
  • After the incubation period, cells are washed out and the released protein spots are detected by the incubation with a fluorochrome-conjugated antibody and counted. (medscape.com)
  • Protein markers commonly used for circulating tumor cells investigations. (medscape.com)
  • The new coronavirus latches onto a protein called dipeptidyl peptidase 4, or DPP4, which decorates the surface of many cells, including some in human airways and kidneys, Bart Haagmans of Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and colleagues report in the March 14 Nature . (sciencenews.org)
  • Though the virus is related to the SARS coronavirus, DPP4 is different from the protein that SARS needs to infect cells. (sciencenews.org)
  • Sickle cell disease is an inherited genetic abnormality of hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells) characterized by sickle (crescent)-shaped red blood cells and chronic anemia caused by excessive destruction of the abnormal red blood cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that enables them to carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to all parts. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In sickle cell disease, the red blood cells contain an abnormal form of hemoglobin (the protein that carries oxygen). (msdmanuals.com)
  • We report an unusual case of Langerhans cell granulomatosis (LCG) manifested as a villous synovial proliferation in a 38-year-old female jogger. (medscape.com)
  • It emphasizes the importance of immunocytochemistry to separate this histiocyte-like cell proliferation from true histiocytic and other dendritic cell types. (medscape.com)
  • Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma is a benign fibrohistiocytic and vascular proliferation that was first reported by Smith and Wilson Jones in 1985. (medscape.com)
  • Puig et al propose the existence of an interaction between mast cells and factor XIIIa-positive fibrohistiocytic cells, which might contribute to vascular proliferation by the release of various proangiogenic cytokines. (medscape.com)
  • Puig L, Fernandez-Figueras MT, Bielsa I, Lloveras B, Alomar A. Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: a fibrohistiocytic proliferation with increased mast cell numbers and vascular hyperplasia. (medscape.com)
  • In the synthetic niche, interactions with the functionalized scaffold are expected to provide the signals needed for T-cell activation (with or without antigen specificity), lineage selection, proliferation, and survival. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Sesquiterpene lactones containing a 3-methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (or α-methylene-γ-lactone) moiety, for example damsin (1), are Michael acceptors that affect biological processes such as cell proliferation, death/apoptosis, and cell migration, by interfering with cell signalling pathways. (lu.se)
  • The working group of the Histiocyte Society divided histocytic disorders into three groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells juxtaposed against a backdrop of hematopoietic cells, including T-cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)
  • He called these 'induced pluripotent stem cells' (iPS cells) for their ability to differentiate into any of the body's cell types. (nature.com)
  • The resulting cells were pluripotent and could be differentiated into insulin-producing beta cells to restore the function of the pancreas in the donor. (news-medical.net)
  • In addition to generating pluripotent stem cells, the team showed that mice bred using the cells grew up healthy. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We've demonstrated that we don't have to manipulate the pluripotent genes to get to the ground state, but rather that we can block all other options of where the cell 'wants' to go. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But they could still function as healthy pluripotent stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases involves different cellular functions, including the well-established secretion of autoantibodies, autoantigen presentation and ensuing reciprocal interactions with T cells, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the generation of ectopic germinal centers. (hindawi.com)
  • Independent of antibody secretion B cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines, support the formation of ectopic GCs, and serve as antigen presenting cells. (hindawi.com)
  • These anaphylatoxins promote release of proinflammatory cytokines and serve as chemoattractants for effector cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Binding of the Fc portion of the antibodies to FcR leads to activation of effector cells and further release of proinflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, mediators of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). (hindawi.com)
  • a2,3) Both DCs and T cells interact with FRCs and their secreted chemokines (CCL19, CCL21), as well as cytokines (IL-6, IL-7), which promote their migration and survival. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • In these studies, we tailor extracellular nanopatterns that can provide specific stimulation of cytokines, and reduce the rate of cell death. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • Various cells in the stomach secrete digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • These cells secrete a thick layer of mucus that covers the stomach lining and protects it from the digestive juices. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The chief cells secrete pepsinogen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • These cells secrete histamine when gastrin stimulates them. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • These cells secrete serotonin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • These cells secrete the hormone ghrelin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The surface mucous cells secrete a layer of mucus that protects the stomach lining. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid that helps break down food and intrinsic factor that aids in the absorption of vitamin B12. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In type 2 diabetes , beta cells fail to secrete sufficient insulin to overcome the prevailing insulin resistance . (medscape.com)
  • But previous approaches required the use of viruses to deliver the four genes needed to activate the cell and accomplish that task. (cbc.ca)
  • Without the presence of these genes, Horvitz determined, certain cells could live indefinitely. (technologyreview.com)
  • To prevent this from occurring, the new cell line may be immortalized using techniques such as the vinyl chloride immortalization method or transfection with genes such as SV40 T antigen or human telomerase. (atcc.org)
  • Genes are the instructions that control how red blood cells make alpha- and beta-globin proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • This team showed that injection of just three genes- Neurog3, Mafa, and Pdx1 -into the pancreatic parenchyma of mice leads to conversion of exocrine cells to functional beta cells, a process popularly known as "reprogramming. (medscape.com)
  • For example, how can genes be delivered at the precise dose to cells in humans? (medscape.com)
  • Langerhans cell granulomatosis cells are abnormal and coexpress S100 and CD1a, and these markers are used to separate this subpopulation of dendritic cells from other histiocyte-like cells. (medscape.com)
  • Abnormal versions of beta-globin can distort red blood cells into a sickle shape. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The abnormal form of hemoglobin is called hemoglobin S. When red blood cells contain a large amount of hemoglobin S, they can become deformed into a sickle shape and less flexible. (msdmanuals.com)
  • People with SCT have red blood cells that have normal hemoglobin and abnormal hemoglobin. (cdc.gov)
  • Left panel: antigen bound by antibody is taken up via FcR on APCs such as dendritic cells or macrophages. (hindawi.com)
  • Discover how to thaw cells and maintain viability. (atcc.org)
  • MathWorks software for Model-Based Design not only cut down on the time it took for our team to prototype and simulate our vehicle system designs, but also enabled us to establish the viability of the fuel cell technology. (mathworks.com)
  • With this he founded cellular pathology or the study of diseased cells. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)
  • Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
  • Langerhans cell granulomatosis (LCG) is a clonal disorder characterized by lesions containing histiocyte-like cells, giant cells, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 , 4 ] Langerhans cells are stellate dendritic cells that arise from CD34-positive bone marrow stem cells [ 5 ] and are not a member of the mononuclear phagocytic system. (medscape.com)
  • Cite this: Langerhans Cell Granulomatosis Manifested as Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis - Medscape - Dec 01, 2001. (medscape.com)
  • In 1868, Paul Langerhans discovered the epidermal dendritic cells that now bear his name. (medscape.com)
  • The ultrastructural hallmark of the Langerhans cell, the Birbeck granule, was described a century later. (medscape.com)
  • Although the epidermal Langerhans cell has been presumed to be the cell of origin in LCH, recent studies have called this belief into question. (medscape.com)
  • Notably, LCH cells have been found to express markers of both resting epidermal Langerhans cells (CD1a, intracellular major histocompatibility complex II [MHCII], Birbeck granules) and activated Langerhans cells (including CD54 and CD58). (medscape.com)
  • As a result, the pathologic cells of LCH have been hypothesized to represent Langerhans cells in a state of arrested maturation. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Taken together, these findings have led some to speculate that LCH is not a specific disease of epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. (medscape.com)
  • This research appeared in Nature Cell Biology . (eurekalert.org)
  • In biology, cells use a variety of mechanisms to deal with sudden changes in their surroundings. (sciencedaily.com)
  • German botanist Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1804-1881) and German physiologist Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) are credited with establishing cell theory as a basic, unifying theme of all biology. (encyclopedia.com)
  • I am only a little disappointed that they don't look anything like the edible cell models we made out of candy and snacks in ninth grade biology. (metafilter.com)
  • The team of specialists in immunology, genomics, proteomics and airway biology then measured all the proteins produced in infected cell cultures. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Mari told Healthline that overall interest in B cell biology has increased, mainly because of ocrezimulab. (healthline.com)
  • Histamine binds to receptors on the parietal cells and increases hydrochloric acid secretion. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Secretion of IL-2 by activated T-cells induces an autocrine- and paracrine-induced proliferative effect on adjacent T-cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • They are still developing and they have the potential to become any of the major specialized cell types within that organ. (cbc.ca)
  • As a safe, sustainable, and efficient source of energy, photovoltaic and solar cell systems are used for network or isolated power generation in many types of devices, from electric vehicles (EVs) and solar roofs to water pumping and desalination systems. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • They also have the capability to produce other types of specialized cells, such as brain cells, muscle cells, and lung cells, to name but a few. (all.org)
  • Koser believes the device could be especially helpful when trying to detect very rare types of blood cell, such as cancerous ones. (technologyreview.com)
  • This article looks at the types of cells of the stomach, their purpose, and how they work. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The cells couldn't continue on their journey to becoming different types of cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A new coronavirus that has sickened 14 people, killing eight of them, can slip into cells in many types of animals, a new study shows. (sciencenews.org)
  • Experts at Newcastle University have found that all nasal cell types are vulnerable to infection and that some, such as ciliated and secretory cells, support even greater levels of infection. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • CD95 counts in the 3 types of white blood cells were significantly higher in PEM infants and showed improvement after nutritional rehabilitation yet not reaching the control values. (who.int)
  • 1 in 4 (25%) chance of having sickle cell anemia, one of several types of SCD. (cdc.gov)
  • Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease usually begin in early childhood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease are caused by the sickling of red blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Those with lower numbers of the cells experienced worse symptoms. (healthline.com)
  • Brenner had been credited with realizing that because of its simplicity, C. elegans provides an ideal model for studying cell differentiation and organ development. (technologyreview.com)
  • The metaphor of a potential epigenetic differentiation landscape broadly suggests that during differentiation a stem cell approaches a stable equili- brium state from a higher free energy towards a stable equilibrium state which represents the final cell type. (lu.se)
  • In order to assess these predictions, we compute the Shannon entropy for time- resolved single-cell gene expression data in two different experimental set-ups of haematopoietic differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Single cells in these populations exhibit different com- binations of regulator activity that suggest the presence of multiple configurations of a potential differentiation network as a result of multiple entry points into the committed state. (lu.se)
  • that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Under the rule, a third party could destroy the embryo by taking it apart and preserving the remaining living stem cells for research. (christianitytoday.com)
  • The cells were immortalized, grown in culture medium that had been exposed to e-cigarette vapour and their gene expression profiled. (nature.com)
  • The cells are generally grown in plastic or glass vessels. (atcc.org)
  • A more appealing strategy involves the transplantation of beta cells grown from stem cells, particularly with recent advances in generating large numbers of beta cells from human stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • These cells have been sought after as potential therapies for diseases ranging from heart disease to Parkinson's to cancer. (news-medical.net)
  • But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
  • We conclude with a discussion of novel therapies aimed at the selective targeting of pathogenic B cells. (hindawi.com)
  • One of our newest and more effective disease-modifying therapies, ocrelizumab , is directed against a particular B cell," said Dr. Barbara Giesser, professor of clinical neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and clinical director of the UCLA MS program. (healthline.com)
  • In B cell therapies such as ocrelizumab, the B cells that repopulate are more helpful. (healthline.com)
  • We need to understand better how B-cell therapies work and find other therapies for people," she added. (healthline.com)
  • Although a few FDA-approved therapies for type 2 diabetes (meglitinides, sulfonylureas, incretin-based drugs) directly enhance beta-cell function, no therapies for any form of diabetes lead to the growth of healthy, new beta cells to replace those that were lost or dysfunctional. (medscape.com)
  • Decoy cells are mostly prevalent in immunocompromised individuals, such as transplant recipients who are treated with immunosuppressive medication in order for their immune system not to reject the foreign transplanted organ. (wikipedia.org)
  • Virus, Bacterium, Immune Cell? (cellsalive.com)
  • Reciprocal roles of T-cell help for B cells during adaptive immune responses and B-cell help in CD4+ T-cell activation are being increasingly recognized. (hindawi.com)
  • however, it needs to be emphasized that most autoimmune diseases are driven by a dysfunction in the immune network consisting of B cells, T cells, and other immune cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Deposited immune complexes can activate complement and effector cells. (hindawi.com)
  • There are more than 70 diseases or conditions-including leukemia, immune system and other blood disorders, cancers, and autoimmune diseases-that respond well when adult stem cell therapy is used. (all.org)
  • Cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are known to play key roles in the recruitment and activation of immune T-cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Prominent among the molecular adhesion components are integrins (β1 and β2), that mediate the interactions of a variety of immune cells to extracellular matrices, and to other immune cells, respectively. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • In our current attempts to create a synthetic "immune niche," we employ diverse surface patterning approaches that might mimic "partnering cells", which are regularly located in the immune niches, and replace them in the process of T-cell activation (Figure 1). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • b) In a novel approach for construction of a synthetic immune niche, many of the cell-bound and ECM-associated ligands are transferred to a synthetic 2D (left) or 3D scaffold (right), to which T cells can bind. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Profiling the immune response of nasal cells, they found the way the nose lining reacts to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes Covid-19, and the immune response it sets off in the body could determine disease and outcome. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Further research will focus on the role of immune cells present in the nose in strengthening the interferon response. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Accurate and reliable measures of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4+ T-cells) are essential to the assessment of the immune system of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons (1-3). (cdc.gov)
  • In type 1 diabetes , beta cells succumb to autoimmunity, leaving individuals with significantly reduced beta-cell mass and a lifelong dependence on insulin replacement therapy. (medscape.com)
  • A virtual consortium whose members will be able to share iPS cell information and materials without going through time-consuming material-transfer agreements is planned for the Kyoto University centre. (nature.com)
  • Das Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre organisiert die Veranstaltung in Kooperation mit Verbundforschungsprojekten unserer Universität. (uni-muenster.de)
  • When decoy cells derive from the urothelium, the heavily enlarged and altered nuclei as well as the irregular shape of the cell body can mimic the changes observed in neoplastic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • By Papanicolaou stain, most decoy cells have an enlarged nucleus that bears a basophilic inclusion which is surrounded by chromatin that confers a ground-glass or gelatinous appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • By phase-contrast microscopy, decoy cells show the same abnormalities described for stained specimens, namely, enlargement of the nucleus with a ground-glass or vesicular appearance, altered chromatin, enlarged nucleoli, the presence of a halo, and at times also cytoplasmic vacuoles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over the next 150 years, improvements in the microscope allowed observers to better study living tissue, and in 1831, the Scottish botanist Robert Brown (1773-1858) discovered that every plant cell had what he described as a "little nut" or nucleus in it. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Mutations in the HBB gene cause sickle cell disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Presented at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting on 6 April in San Diego, California, the research looked at human bronchial cells that contained some mutations found in smokers at risk of lung cancer. (nature.com)
  • The observation that most autoantibodies in traditionally autoantibody-mediated diseases are of the IgG isotype and carry somatic mutations strongly suggests T-cell help in the autoimmune B-cell response. (hindawi.com)
  • NTCXF.PK) have been able to demonstrate the effectiveness of its liquid phase deposition (LPD) process in passivating the surface of "black silicon" solar cells. (prnewswire.com)
  • Black silicon solar cells have been under intensive study for years because of their potential for significantly improved performance compared to standard production cells now available. (prnewswire.com)
  • According to research by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), such a result would enable the power gains promised by using black silicon for solar cell manufacturing to actually be realized. (prnewswire.com)
  • It is critical to enabling production of long-term, high-performance silicon solar cells. (prnewswire.com)
  • It also enables use of an all-liquid phase process for creating ultralow reflectivity, high-performance silicon solar cells at high volume production rates. (prnewswire.com)
  • Because of the great potential offered by black silicon solar cells, Natcore is currently in discussions with the NREL as well as industry groups to refine and accelerate Natcore's advances in this area. (prnewswire.com)
  • NREL is investigating several hybrid tandem solar cell projects that build on a silicon platform and aim to provide viable prototypes for commercialization. (nrel.gov)
  • This research leverages our research and development programs in high-efficiency III-V multijunction PV , low-cost III-V PV , and silicon solar cells . (nrel.gov)
  • Silicon bioreactor, in which circular wells hold liver cells. (sciencenews.org)
  • Giebink notes that the falling cost of typical silicon solar cells is making them a smaller and smaller fraction of the overall cost of solar electricity, which also includes "soft" costs like permitting, wiring, installation and maintenance that have remained fixed over time. (eurekalert.org)
  • Improving cell efficiency from about 20 percent for silicon toward greater than 40 percent with multi-junction CPV is important because increasing the power generated by a given system reduces the overall cost of the electricity that it generates. (eurekalert.org)
  • In continuing research, Tzahor and his team began to outline the pathway - the other proteins that respond to the NRG1 message inside the cell. (eurekalert.org)
  • Plasma Membrane The plasma membrane is a very thin, continuous sheet of phospholipids and proteins that surrounds all living cells and separates them from their external environment. (bookrags.com)
  • For instance, when the level of dissolved nutrient molecules (e.g., sugar) in the cell's watery environment drops, water flows into the cell through osmosis. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Membrane Structure Surrounding each cell within the nervous system is a highly complex lipid bilayer called a membrane formed by microscopic phospholipid molecules. (bookrags.com)
  • a1) T cells can also interact with, and be activated by, DCs presenting via MHC/HLA a specific antigen matching the T-cell receptor, and accompanied by co-stimulatory (CD80/CD86 DCs, and CD28 T cells) and adhesive molecules (ICAM-1/LFA-3 DCs, and LFA-1/CD2 T cells). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Porcine aortic endothelial cell, double-labeled for actin (green) and phospho-tyrosine (red). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems leverage the cost of high efficiency multi-junction solar cells by using inexpensive optics to concentrate sunlight onto them," said Noel C. Giebink, assistant professor of electrical engineering, Penn State. (eurekalert.org)
  • Photovoltaic cells utilize layered semiconductor materials as a PN junction to convert light energy in the form of photons to electric current in the form of electrons. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The efficiency of photovoltaic systems vary by the type of photovoltaic cell technology and the type of semiconductor material used. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • c) Effect of antibodies and antigen-specific B cells on antigen uptake. (hindawi.com)
  • Right panel: antigen binds to the BCR of antigen-specific B cells and is internalized. (hindawi.com)
  • That translates to lower cost than is possible with current solar cell manufacturing technology. (prnewswire.com)
  • Although Hooke did not discover living cells, he did coin the word "cell," which was eventually adopted by biologists. (encyclopedia.com)
  • A Journey to the Center of Our Cells [ ungated ] - 'Biologists are discovering the true nature of cells-and learning to build their own. (metafilter.com)
  • Japan is scrambling to harness the promise of Shinya Yamanaka's pioneering work that reprogrammed adult human cells into an embryo-like state. (nature.com)
  • Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
  • One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
  • Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
  • The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
  • In a study published in the online journal Nature on March 1, 2009, Canadian researches described a new method for generating stem cells from adult human tissue. (cbc.ca)
  • Because of the invaluable nature and numerous applications of cell lines in life science research, it is critical that they are handled carefully to not only avoid contamination but to protect human safety. (atcc.org)
  • Depending on whether the cell line is of human, mouse, or another animal short tandem repeat (STR) profiling or cytochrome oxidase (CO)1 barcoding can be used. (atcc.org)
  • While the authentication of human cell lines has been addressed with STR profiling, up until now the validation of mouse cell lines has been limited at the species level. (atcc.org)
  • A stem cell is a type of cell found throughout the body of all human beings. (all.org)
  • Obtaining stem cells from a human embryo is highly unethical. (all.org)
  • There is only one way to obtain stem cells from a developing human embryo, and it involves killing the embryo. (all.org)
  • Now, they're working to see if the MM-401 eraser technique works with human stem cells that bear some resemblance to mouse epiblast stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Other techniques can reprogram "adult" cells in the human body taken from skin, for example -- but the cells still carry baggage from their previous state. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In renal transplant recipients, such cells may be found in up to 40 percent of cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • In our experience, these features make decoy cells different from tubular cells and transitional cells found in all other conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Decoy cells themselves do not cause any disease, and they may be found in the urine of healthy individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specialized cells found near the dermal-epidermal junction, characterized by numerous membrane-bound granules with dense cores. (cdc.gov)
  • A research team led by Princeton engineers has revealed in remarkable new detail how liquid droplets can develop structure amidst the soup of material found inside a living cell. (princeton.edu)
  • [ 115 ] Moreover, CK19 releasing cells were found to be detectable in up to 65 and 70% of CRC and breast cancer patients, respectively, and correlated with presence of metastasis and poor survival in breast cancer. (medscape.com)
  • [ 116 , 118 ] However, a recent report found that CK19 releasing cells could also be detected in patients with benign colon diseases such as diverticulosis and Crohn's disease. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Thomas Korn, a professor of experimental neuroimmunology at the TUM Neurology Clinic in Germany and study co-author, explained that the broader perspective of the study is that "by exploiting the regulatory loop, we found the intrathecal B cell compartment, which might be a driver of chronic disease in MS and could be better targeted in therapeutic interventions. (healthline.com)
  • The ratio between the IC50 values for MCF-10A and JIMT-1 cells, as a measure for the selectivity of a compound to kill cancer cells, was calculated, and found to vary between just over 1 to more than 10. (lu.se)
  • Hemoglobin is found in red blood cells and it gives blood its color. (cdc.gov)
  • The cells are responsible for the highly malignant skin tumor known as Merkel cell carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
  • Tumor cells are squishier than healthy ones-possibly because they grow quickly and so don't form a proper internal cell skeleton-and Koser hopes that magnetic fields will also be able to separate cells based on their elasticity and other mechanical properties. (technologyreview.com)
  • They are in an early stage of development and have the ability to become any type of cell to form skin, bones, organs or other body parts. (cbc.ca)
  • [ 3 ] Clinical trials are currently under way on the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of transplanting such cells in encapsulated forms in persons with type 1 diabetes, with results to be announced in the coming years. (medscape.com)
  • Read "Mast Cell Diseases in Practice and Research. (tmsforacure.org)
  • Some of the best stem cell resources from around the web, including articles and other institutions doing research and clinical trials with stem cells. (massgeneral.org)
  • The research team, from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), used electrochemistry to etch the pores and then circuit-making techniques to add 15-micron-wide wells, each just big enough to house a rat liver cell. (sciencenews.org)
  • As they report in PLOS One , they attempted to determine the extent to which such cell lines influence published research by focusing on the prevalence of known contaminated cell lines in journal articles. (genomeweb.com)
  • Best practices for reviving cells from cryopreservation are critical to ensuring unambiguous experimental results in basic research and industrial processes. (atcc.org)
  • By the middle of the nineteenth century, the final major point was added to cell theory by the German pathologist Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902), who summed up his research with the Latin phrase, Omnis cellula e cellula, translated as "all cells arise from cells. (encyclopedia.com)
  • No harm comes to the person whose stem cells are obtained for research in such a fashion. (all.org)
  • On the other hand, research involving adult stem cells has not only been around for a long time, it has also been used successfully for decades! (all.org)
  • A new discovery in B cell research may lead to better treatments for people living with multiple sclerosis (MS). (healthline.com)
  • Future research may show exactly how the B cells destroy the nervous system. (healthline.com)
  • Elisabeth Mari, PhD, the director of biomedical research for the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, emphasizes the importance of learning more about the role of B cells and disease progression. (healthline.com)
  • Earlier research focused on T cells. (healthline.com)
  • The viruses that induce the emergence of decoy cells, may causes disease, but again mainly in immunocompromised individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover they induce the upregulation of activating FcR on effector cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Still missing from these approaches is any attempt to induce regeneration or replication of endogenous beta cells in the pancreas, an approach that would be physiologically desirable. (medscape.com)
  • A 2008 study by Zhou and colleagues [ 6 ] provided early insight into how endogenous cells in the pancreas could be coaxed into becoming beta cells. (medscape.com)
  • Experimental work will integrate dynamic cell and single molecule imaging, quantitative proteomics, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis (for the dynamics of NF-κB binding to target promoters) and RT-PCR and DNA microarray analysis (for measurement of endogenous gene expression). (warwick.ac.uk)
  • In this context, in the undifferentiated state, the entropy would be large since fewer constraints exist on the gene expression programmes of the cell. (lu.se)
  • and current B-cell-based therapeutic treatments. (hindawi.com)
  • This study shows why some current treatments work based on B cells. (healthline.com)
  • [ 1 ] Antigen-presenting cells or histiocyte-like cells containing Birbeck granules have been identified within inflamed synovial tissues. (medscape.com)
  • Although others had observed cells and even recognized that animal tissues contained cells, no one had as yet made the connection between cells and life. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Because the sickle cells are stiff, they have difficulty traveling through the smallest blood vessels (capillaries), blocking blood flow and reducing oxygen supply to tissues in areas where capillaries are blocked. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Patients undergoing fludarabine therapy (purine analog) , bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. (utmb.edu)
  • Obtaining stem cells from fatty tissue, bone marrow, or the umbilical cord after the birth of a baby, on the other hand, may be done ethically. (all.org)