Central Nervous System Cysts
Cysts
Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System Diseases
Central Nervous System Neoplasms
Nervous System
Rathke's cleft cysts: surgical-MRI correlation in 16 symptomatic cases. (1/80)
Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) are non neoplastic epithelial lesions of the sellar region that have been rarely reported as a clinical entity. We retrospectively reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraoperative, and pathological findings of a series of 16 cases of RCCs operated at our institution since 1992. Concurrently, we discussed the different hypotheses about their embryological origin. The patients included 12 females and 4 males, 11 to 73 years of age. Endocrine disturbance was the most common presentation, followed by headaches and visual impairment. The location of the cyst was intrasellar in 7 cases, intrasellar and suprasellar in 6 cases, and suprasellar in 3 cases. The size of the cyst ranged from 8 to 26 mm (mean 12 mm). MRI signal intensity was quite variable on T1-weighted images. The cyst appeared hyperintense in 6 cases, hypointense in 6 cases, isointence in 3 cases, and heterogeneous in one case. On T2-weighted images (available in 13 cases), the signal intensity was more constant and appeared hyperintense in 11 cases and hypointense in 2 cases. After Gd-DTPA, we did not observe enhancement either of the cyst contents or of the cyst wall, but only of the pituitary gland in all patient. Most often, the pituitary gland was displaced inferiorly by the cyst located above showing a typical image of "an egg in a cup". Fifteen patients were operated upon via the transsphenoidal approach and one upon a frontal craniotomy. Intraoperatively, the cyst contents were gelatinous or thick, and dark colored. In 2 cases, it was cerebrospinal fluid-like corresponding to the signal observed on MRI. The position of the pituitary gland confirmed by surgery in 15 cases coincided with enhancement seen and MR imaging. In 13 cases where biopsy of the cyst wall was performed, it confirmed focally ciliated columnar or cuboid epithelium. A coexistent adenoma was found in one case. In conclusion, we consider that RCCs have varied MRI characteristics so that no pathognomonic sign may be observed. Except in few cases, there were no correlation between MRI and intraoperative findings. Therefore, even with MRI studies, differential diagnoses with others cystic lesions of the sellar region remains extremely difficult. The most interesting findings on MRI studies of RCCs were to locate the pituitary gland to help the surgeon to preserve pituitary tissue during surgery. (+info)MR imaging findings of Rathke's cleft cysts: significance of intracystic nodules. (2/80)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rathke's cleft cysts often may be difficult to differentiate from other intrasellar or suprasellar masses on radiologic studies. The purpose of this study was to describe the significance of intracystic nodules, a diagnostic characteristic found in Rathke's cleft cysts, on MR images. METHODS: A retrospective review of MR studies was conducted for 13 patients who, after pathologic analysis, were diagnosed as having Rathke's cleft cyst. These patients underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted axial and coronal spin-echo sequential imaging. The signal intensity and incidence of the intracystic nodules on T1- and T2-weighted images were analyzed. The signal intensity of the nodule was compared with that of white matter and surrounding cyst fluid. The signal intensity of cyst fluid was compared with the intraoperative appearance of the cyst fluid. Biochemical and pathologic analyses of the intracystic nodules were conducted in two cases. RESULTS: An intracystic nodule having high signal intensity on T1-weighted images and low signal intensity on T2-weighted images was observed in 10 (77%) of the cases. At surgery, intracystic nodules were yellow, waxy, solid masses. Pathologic analysis showed this nodule to be a mucin clump. Biochemical analysis of the intracystic nodules showed cholesterol and proteins as the main constituents. In the Rathke's cleft cyst with intracystic nodules, cyst fluid revealed low signal intensity to isointensity relative to the intensity of the nodules on T1-weighted images, and isointensity to high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Intracystic nodules were clearly visible on T2-weighted images. CONCLUSION: Because cyst fluid of Rathke's cleft cysts shows variable intensities on MR images, the specific diagnosis is often difficult when based on MR signal intensity values alone. The presence of an intracystic nodule with characteristic signal intensities on MR images may be indicative of the diagnosis of Rathke's cleft cyst. (+info)Colloid cysts of the third ventricle: are MR imaging patterns predictive of difficulty with percutaneous treatment? (3/80)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Colloid cysts of the third ventricle are rare benign brain tumors. The purpose of this study was to correlate their patterns on MR images with the probability of success of percutaneous treatment. METHODS: Nineteen patients underwent endoscopic treatment for colloid cysts of the third ventricle. The cases were divided into two groups based on difficulty of the aspiration procedure. We reviewed CT scans and MR images and divided cysts into groups based on their signal intensity on the MR images and their density on CT scans. Intensity and density were correlated with difficulty of aspiration during the endoscopic procedure. RESULTS: The aspiration procedure was difficult in 63% of the cases. Eighty-nine percent of hyperdense cysts on unenhanced axial CT scans were categorized as difficult, and 75% of hypodense cysts were categorized as easy. On T2-weighted MR sequences, 100% of low-signal cyst contents were difficult and nearly 63% of high-signal lesions were easy. There was a significant correlation between the T2-weighted sequences and the CT scans regarding the difficulty of the aspiration procedure. CONCLUSION: T2-weighted MR sequences are useful for predicting difficulty of aspiration during stereotactic or endoscopic procedures. A T2-weighted low-signal cyst is correlated with high-viscosity intracystic contents. (+info)CSF flow studies of intracranial cysts and cyst-like lesions achieved using reversed fast imaging with steady-state precession MR sequences. (4/80)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Differentiating between intracranial cysts or cyst-like structures and communicating or noncommunicating cysts is often not possible with cranial CT or nonfunctional MR imaging. We evaluated a retrospective ECG-gated fast imaging with steady-state precession (PSIF) MR sequence with optional cine mode to differentiate cystic masses from enlarged CSF spaces and to determine the accuracy of detecting communication between cysts and neighboring CSF spaces. METHODS: Fourteen patients with intracranial cystic masses underwent CSF flow studies with an ungated and a retrospective ECG-gated cine-mode PSIF sequence in addition to spin-echo imaging. Findings were evaluated retrospectively by using a five-point rating scale and without knowledge of clinical or other imaging findings. Results were compared with intraoperative findings or with results of intrathecal contrast studies. RESULTS: Eighteen arachnoid cysts and one enlarged cisterna magna were diagnosed. Improved differentiation between cysts and enlarged CSF spaces was obtained with cine-mode PSIF imaging in six lesions (six patients). Increased diagnostic certainty as to communication between cysts and CSF spaces was obtained in 18 cysts (13 patients). Diagnoses were verified by membranectomy in five lesions, by CT cisternography in five lesions, and indirectly by shunting in one cystic lesion. In one case, MR diagnosis was not confirmed by CT cisternography. CONCLUSION: Cine-mode MR imaging with a retrospective ECG-gated flow-sensitive PSIF sequence contributed to the certainty of communication between arachnoid cysts and neighboring CSF spaces with an accuracy of 90%, using surgical findings or intrathecal contrast studies as reference. Differentiation between intracranial cysts and enlargement of CSF spaces and other cystic masses was improved in 25% of cases. (+info)Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and adrenal insufficiency induced by rathke's cleft cyst: a case report. (5/80)
We report a case of a seventy-year-old woman with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and adrenal insufficiency induced by Rathke's cleft cyst. She experienced nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache and disturbance of consciousness induced by hyponatremia at a serum sodium level of 100 mEq/l. In spite of severe hyponatremia, urinary sodium excretion was not suppressed and serum osmolality (270 mOsm/kg) was lower than urine osmolality (304 mOsm/kg), and arginine vasopressin (AVP) remained within normal range. SIADH was diagnosed because she was free from other diseases known to cause hyponatremia such as dehydration, cardiac dysfunction, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency. Cranial computed tomographic (CT) scan and cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a cystic lesion of approximately 2 cm in diameter in the pituitary gland. These images suggested that the cystic lesion was a Rathke's cleft cyst, which was the cause of SIADH. Water restriction therapy normalized her serum sodium concentration and improved her symptoms. After one year, she suffered from general fatigue, appetite loss, fever, and body weight loss (5 kg/2 months). She had neither hypotension nor hypoglycemia, but her serum sodium level was low and serum cortisol, ACTH, and urine free cortisol were very low. Therefore, secondary adrenal insufficiency was suspected and diagnosed by stimulation tests. After start of hydrocortisone replacement therapy (10 mg/day), her symptoms disappeared. In conclusion, Rathke's cleft cyst should be kept in mind as a potential cause in a patient with SIADH, hypopituitarism, and/or adrenal insufficiency. (+info)Congenital destructive hemispheric lesions and epilepsy: clinical features and relevance of associated hippocampal atrophy. (6/80)
We studied the clinical, EEG and MRI findings in 19 patients with epilepsy secondary to congenital destructive hemispheric insults. Patients were divided in two groups: 10 with cystic lesions (group 1), and 9 with atrophic lesions (group 2). Seizure and EEG features, as well as developmental sequelae were similar between the two groups, except for the finding that patients of group 2 more commonly presented seizures with more than one semiological type. MRI showed hyperintense T2 signal extending beyond the lesion in almost all patients of both groups, and it was more diffuse in group 2. Associated hippocampal atrophy (HA) was observed in 70% of group 1 patients and 77.7% of group 2, and it was not correlated with duration of epilepsy or seizure frequency. There was a good concordance between HA and electroclinical localization. The high prevalence of associated HA in both groups suggests a common pathogenesis with the more obvious lesion. Our findings indicate that in some of these patients with extensive destructive lesions, there may be a more circumscribed epileptogenic area, particularly in those with cystic lesions and HA, leading to a potential rationale for effective surgical treatment. (+info)Tentorial enhancement on MR images is a sign of cavernous sinus involvement in patients with sellar tumors. (7/80)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to analyze enhancement patterns of the dura around sellar tumors and to compare the results with tumor invasion or compression of the cavernous sinuses. Postoperative enhancement patterns on MR images were compared with preoperative findings. METHODS: Contrast-enhanced coronal and sagittal MR images were examined prospectively in 96 patients with sellar tumors (65 macroadenomas, 15 microadenomas, 14 Rathke cleft cysts, and two chordomas at the sella). All patients underwent surgical treatment, and pre- and postsurgical features on MR images were compared. RESULTS: Presurgical MR images showed dural enhancement in 36.5% of the patients: asymmetric tentorial enhancement in 24 patients, symmetric tentorial enhancement in seven, and sphenoidal ridge or clivus enhancement in four. Asymmetric tentorial enhancement disappeared after surgical decompression in seven patients. For evaluation of cavernous sinus invasion ipsilateral to the enhancement, sensitivity and specificity of the asymmetric tentorial enhancement sign were 81.3% and 86.3%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of the sign were 42.9% and 93.6% for cavernous sinus involvement, including compression and invasion. CONCLUSION: Asymmetric tentorial enhancement is a useful sign in the diagnosis of invasion or severe compression of the cavernous sinus by sellar tumor. The sign may represent venous congestion or collateral flow in the tentorium due to obstructed flow in the medial portion of the cavernous sinus. (+info)Intramedullary enterogenous cyst presenting with spastic paraparesis during two consecutive pregnancies: a case report. (8/80)
A 35 year old woman presented with two episodes of spastic paraparesis, occurring in the third trimester of two consecutive pregnancies. The neurological symptoms seemed to be caused by an intramedullary cyst in the thoracic spinal cord. The cyst was subtotally removed and histopathologically diagnosed as enterogenous cyst. Other congenital abnormalities were absent. The peculiar timing of the clinical manifestation of an intramedullary cyst has not been described before. An unequivocal explanation for this phenomenon is missing, but several factors related to pregnancy that may play a part are discussed. (+info)Central nervous system (CNS) cysts are abnormal fluid-filled sacs that develop in the brain or spinal cord. These cysts can be congenital, meaning they are present at birth and develop as a result of abnormal embryonic development, or they can be acquired later in life due to injury, infection, or disease.
CNS cysts can vary in size and may cause symptoms depending on their location and the amount of pressure they place on surrounding brain or spinal cord tissue. Symptoms may include headaches, seizures, weakness, numbness, or difficulty with coordination and balance. In some cases, CNS cysts may not cause any symptoms and may be discovered incidentally during imaging studies performed for other reasons.
There are several types of CNS cysts, including:
1. Arachnoid cysts: These are the most common type of CNS cyst and occur between the layers of the arachnoid membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
2. Colloid cysts: These cysts typically develop at the junction of the third and fourth ventricles in the brain and can obstruct the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), leading to increased intracranial pressure.
3. Ependymal cysts: These cysts arise from the ependymal cells that line the ventricular system of the brain and can cause symptoms by compressing surrounding brain tissue.
4. Neuroglial cysts: These cysts are composed of glial cells, which support and protect nerve cells in the CNS.
5. Pineal cysts: These cysts develop in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland located near the center of the brain.
Treatment for CNS cysts depends on their size, location, and symptoms. In some cases, observation and monitoring may be all that is necessary. However, if the cyst is causing significant symptoms or is at risk of rupturing or obstructing CSF flow, surgical intervention may be required to remove or reduce the size of the cyst.
A cyst is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division between the sac and its surrounding tissue, that contains fluid, air, or semisolid material. Cysts can occur in various parts of the body, including the skin, internal organs, and bones. They can be caused by various factors, such as infection, genetic predisposition, or blockage of a duct or gland. Some cysts may cause symptoms, such as pain or discomfort, while others may not cause any symptoms at all. Treatment for cysts depends on the type and location of the cyst, as well as whether it is causing any problems. Some cysts may go away on their own, while others may need to be drained or removed through a surgical procedure.
The Central Nervous System (CNS) is the part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is called the "central" system because it receives information from, and sends information to, the rest of the body through peripheral nerves, which make up the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS is responsible for processing sensory information, controlling motor functions, and regulating various autonomic processes like heart rate, respiration, and digestion. The brain, as the command center of the CNS, interprets sensory stimuli, formulates thoughts, and initiates actions. The spinal cord serves as a conduit for nerve impulses traveling to and from the brain and the rest of the body.
The CNS is protected by several structures, including the skull (which houses the brain) and the vertebral column (which surrounds and protects the spinal cord). Despite these protective measures, the CNS remains vulnerable to injury and disease, which can have severe consequences due to its crucial role in controlling essential bodily functions.
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases refer to medical conditions that primarily affect the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is responsible for controlling various functions in the body, including movement, sensation, cognition, and behavior. Therefore, diseases of the CNS can have significant impacts on a person's quality of life and overall health.
There are many different types of CNS diseases, including:
1. Infectious diseases: These are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites that infect the brain or spinal cord. Examples include meningitis, encephalitis, and polio.
2. Neurodegenerative diseases: These are characterized by progressive loss of nerve cells in the brain or spinal cord. Examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
3. Structural diseases: These involve damage to the physical structure of the brain or spinal cord, such as from trauma, tumors, or stroke.
4. Functional diseases: These affect the function of the nervous system without obvious structural damage, such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy.
5. Genetic disorders: Some CNS diseases are caused by genetic mutations, such as spinal muscular atrophy and Friedreich's ataxia.
Symptoms of CNS diseases can vary widely depending on the specific condition and the area of the brain or spinal cord that is affected. They may include muscle weakness, paralysis, seizures, loss of sensation, difficulty with coordination and balance, confusion, memory loss, changes in behavior or mood, and pain. Treatment for CNS diseases depends on the specific condition and may involve medications, surgery, rehabilitation therapy, or a combination of these approaches.
Cyst fluid refers to the fluid accumulated within a cyst, which is a closed sac-like or capsular structure, typically filled with liquid or semi-solid material. Cysts can develop in various parts of the body for different reasons, and the composition of cyst fluid may vary depending on the type of cyst and its location.
In some cases, cyst fluid might contain proteins, sugars, hormones, or even cells from the surrounding tissue. Infected cysts may have pus-like fluid, while cancerous or precancerous cysts might contain abnormal cells or tumor markers. The analysis of cyst fluid can help medical professionals diagnose and manage various medical conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, genetic disorders, and cancers.
It is important to note that the term 'cyst fluid' generally refers to the liquid content within a cyst, but the specific composition and appearance of this fluid may vary significantly depending on the underlying cause and type of cyst.
Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms refer to a group of abnormal growths or tumors that develop within the brain or spinal cord. These tumors can be benign or malignant, and their growth can compress or disrupt the normal functioning of surrounding brain or spinal cord tissue.
Benign CNS neoplasms are slow-growing and rarely spread to other parts of the body. However, they can still cause significant problems if they grow large enough to put pressure on vital structures within the brain or spinal cord. Malignant CNS neoplasms, on the other hand, are aggressive tumors that can invade and destroy surrounding tissue. They may also spread to other parts of the CNS or, rarely, to other organs in the body.
CNS neoplasms can arise from various types of cells within the brain or spinal cord, including nerve cells, glial cells (which provide support and insulation for nerve cells), and supportive tissues such as blood vessels. The specific type of CNS neoplasm is often used to help guide treatment decisions and determine prognosis.
Symptoms of CNS neoplasms can vary widely depending on the location and size of the tumor, but may include headaches, seizures, weakness or paralysis, vision or hearing changes, balance problems, memory loss, and changes in behavior or personality. Treatment options for CNS neoplasms may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.
An ovarian cyst is a sac or pouch filled with fluid that forms on the ovary. Ovarian cysts are quite common in women during their childbearing years, and they often cause no symptoms. In most cases, ovarian cysts disappear without treatment over a few months. However, larger or persistent cysts may require medical intervention, including surgical removal.
There are various types of ovarian cysts, such as functional cysts (follicular and corpus luteum cysts), which develop during the menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes, and non-functional cysts (dermoid cysts, endometriomas, and cystadenomas), which can form due to different causes.
While many ovarian cysts are benign, some may have malignant potential or indicate an underlying medical condition like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Regular gynecological check-ups, including pelvic examinations and ultrasounds, can help detect and monitor ovarian cysts.
The nervous system is a complex, highly organized network of specialized cells called neurons and glial cells that communicate with each other via electrical and chemical signals to coordinate various functions and activities in the body. It consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all the nerves and ganglia outside the CNS.
The primary function of the nervous system is to receive, process, and integrate information from both internal and external environments and then respond by generating appropriate motor outputs or behaviors. This involves sensing various stimuli through specialized receptors, transmitting this information through afferent neurons to the CNS for processing, integrating this information with other inputs and memories, making decisions based on this processed information, and finally executing responses through efferent neurons that control effector organs such as muscles and glands.
The nervous system can be further divided into subsystems based on their functions, including the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements and reflexes; the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary physiological processes like heart rate, digestion, and respiration; and the enteric nervous system, which is a specialized subset of the autonomic nervous system that controls gut functions. Overall, the nervous system plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis, regulating behavior, and enabling cognition and consciousness.
An epidermal cyst is a common benign skin condition characterized by the growth of a sac-like structure filled with keratin, a protein found in the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis). These cysts typically appear as round, firm bumps just under the surface of the skin, often on the face, neck, trunk, or scalp. They can vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter.
Epidermal cysts usually develop as a result of the accumulation of dead skin cells that become trapped within a hair follicle or a pilosebaceous unit (a structure that contains a hair follicle and an oil gland). The keratin produced by the skin cells then collects inside the sac, causing it to expand gradually.
These cysts are generally slow-growing, painless, and rarely cause any symptoms. However, they may become infected or inflamed, leading to redness, tenderness, pain, or pus formation. In such cases, medical attention might be necessary to drain the cyst or administer antibiotics to treat the infection.
Epidermal cysts can be removed surgically if they cause cosmetic concerns or become frequently infected. The procedure typically involves making an incision in the skin and removing the entire sac along with its contents to prevent recurrence.
Central nervous system cyst
Acanthamoebidae
Trichinosis
Phaeohyphomycosis
Central nervous system disease
Porencephaly
Trisomy 18
Differential diagnoses of anorexia nervosa
Coenurosis
Coccidiosis
Choroid plexus
Neurocysticercosis
Neospora caninum
Toxoplasmosis
Neospora
Notochord
Nervous system neoplasm
Hydrolethalus syndrome
Colloid cyst
Hamartoma
Phakomatosis
Arvid Lindau
Taenia serialis
Pineal gland cyst
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts
Free-living Amoebozoa infection
Coenurosis in humans
Choroid plexus cyst
Arachnoid cyst
Meningitis
Central nervous system cyst - Wikipedia
Arachnoid Cyst Imaging: Practice Essentials, Radiography, Computed Tomography
CDC - Echinococcosis - Resources for Health Professionals
Tapeworm infection - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Seroprevalence of Antibodies against Taenia solium Cysticerci among Refugees Resettled in United States - Volume 18, Number 3...
Dr. Mark Delacure, MD, Oncology Specialist - Danbury, CT | Sharecare
462165005 - Fetal choroid plexus cyst - SNOMED CT
Tapeworm infection | Sparrow
Trisomy 18 - Wikipedia
An Analysis of Outcome of Endoscopic Fenestration of Cavum Septum Pellucidum Cyst - More Grey than Black and White? - Amrita...
Belzutifan: MedlinePlus Drug Information
Taeniasis | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Benign Lesions of the Ovaries: Dysfunctional Ovarian Cysts, Benign Epithelial Neoplastic Ovarian Cysts, Benign Solid Ovarian...
Frontiers | Newly detected, virulent Toxoplasma gondii COUG strain causing fatal steatitis and toxoplasmosis in southern sea...
These highlights do not include all the information needed to use CELECOXIB CAPSULES safely and effectively. See full...
Hiccups | Sparrow
Urological tumour or cancer: Individual from a family in whom a mutation in a cancer predisposition gene has NOT been...
Imported Echinococcosis in Southern California in: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume 53 Issue 6 ...
Myocutaneous cysticercosis in a 2-year-old girl: A rare case report.
Nation Must Come Together to Tackle Havana Syndrome
Adult Central Nervous System Tumors Treatment (PDQ®): Treatment - Patient Information [NCI] | Kaiser Permanente
Cysticercosis Involving Muscle of Mastication: A Review and Report of Two Cases
Orphanet: Nijmegen breakage syndrome
Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome Imaging: Practice Essentials, Radiography, Computed Tomography
Diagnosing and managing menstrual disorders in teen girls
Surgical Neurology International
Table of contents | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Radiology - Publications - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Toxocariasis and Toxocara vaccine: a review
Tumors9
- In adults cysts may also form due to a head injury or trauma, resulting in necrotic tissues (dead tissue), and can sometimes be associated with cancerous tumors or infection in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- The usual CT image of E. multilocularis infection is that of indistinct solid tumors with central necrotic areas and perinecrotic plaque-like calcifications. (cdc.gov)
- kidney cancer), central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas (tumors in the brain and spinal cord), and a certain type of pancreatic cancer that does not require surgery right away. (medlineplus.gov)
- A systematic review and meta-analysis by Liu et al found that the malignancy rate, including borderline tumors, for simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women was approximately 1 in 10,000. (medscape.com)
- The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiologic characteristics and survival of patients with primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Korea and to compare our findings with those from the United States. (e-crt.org)
- We collected data on primary brain and CNS tumors diagnosed between 2007 and 2016 from the Korea Central Cancer Registry. (e-crt.org)
- Primary central nervous system tumors (PCNSTs) are rare, but are associated with high morbidity and mortality. (e-crt.org)
- VHL disease encompasses various types of tumors, including retinal or central nervous system hemangioblastoma (RH or CNSH), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), pheochromocytoma (PHE), multiple pancreatic cysts or tumors (PCT), epididymal or broad ligament cystadenomas and endolymphatic sac tumor. (biomedcentral.com)
- Radical nephrectomy is the standard for larger and central tumors. (medscape.com)
Arachnoid cyst16
- The radiologist needs to evaluate the brain structures for mass effect secondary to the arachnoid cyst, such as a subtle mass effect on a cranial nerve or a prominent mass effect resulting in brain herniation. (medscape.com)
- T2-weighted sagittal MRI image (see next image for axial view) of the brain in a 28-year-old woman with an incidental finding of a superior cerebellar cistern arachnoid cyst (arrow). (medscape.com)
- An arachnoid cyst is a fluid-containing sac that mostly occurs in the head though it can also occur in the spinal cord. (mbbch.com)
- When a cyst occurs in this space, it is called an arachnoid cyst. (mbbch.com)
- When an arachnoid cyst forms in the head, it is usually located between the brain and skull in tiny collections around the brain called ventricles. (mbbch.com)
- The fluid contained in an arachnoid cyst is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), this fluid occurs naturally and serves to protect the brain and spinal column where it is typically found. (mbbch.com)
- An arachnoid cyst wall is not permeable and so the fluid cannot pass down to the CSF system thus this fluid keeps on accumulating. (mbbch.com)
- For example, a large arachnoid cyst may compress the nerves and vessels of the brain and spinal cord. (mbbch.com)
- The primary form of the arachnoid cyst is usually due to an improper brain and spinal column growth in utero . (mbbch.com)
- For an uncomplicated case of an arachnoid cyst, that is, the type without symptoms, it is best left untreated but it should be closely monitored for an increase in size or the presence of symptoms. (mbbch.com)
- For an asymptomatic case of an arachnoid cyst, it will most likely be drained by a doctor. (mbbch.com)
- Very rarely, permanent neurological injury can result from an expanding arachnoid cyst that was left untreated. (mbbch.com)
- Intradural spinal arachnoid cyst resection: implications of duraplasty in a large case series. (nih.gov)
- Intradural Spinal Arachnoid Cyst: A Long-Term Postlaminectomy Complication: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. (nih.gov)
- Pathogenesis, management strategies, and outcome of non-communicating extradural spinal arachnoid cyst (NEAC): a systematic review. (nih.gov)
- Association between ELP4 rs986527 polymorphism and the occurrence and development of intracranial arachnoid cyst. (cdc.gov)
Asymptomatic6
- Some cysts in the CNS can be asymptomatic (producing or showing no symptoms), depending on their location in the brain or spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
- Asymptomatic cysts, termed pseudocysts, normally require active monitoring with periodic scans for future growth. (wikipedia.org)
- Some clinicians advocate treating only patients with symptomatic cysts, whereas others believe that even asymptomatic cysts should be decompressed to avoid future complications. (medscape.com)
- The incubation period of cystic echinococcosis is often prolonged for several years and most cases of cystic echinococcosis remain asymptomatic until the cysts reach a large enough size to cause dysfunction. (cdc.gov)
- Those with asymptomatic cyst are able to live normally even with the cyst left untreated. (mbbch.com)
- Cysticercosis is usually asymptomatic unless larvae invade the central nervous system, resulting in neurocysticercosis, which can cause seizures and various other neurologic signs. (msdmanuals.com)
Congenital6
- citation needed] Many CNS cysts form in the womb during the first few weeks of development as a result of congenital defects. (wikipedia.org)
- A cyst in this location is usually secondary to a congenital or acquired defect and is situated in an extradural location. (medscape.com)
- Intradural spinal arachnoid cysts are secondary to a congenital deficiency within the arachnoidal trabecula, especially in the septum posticum, or are the result of adhesions resulting from previous infection or trauma. (medscape.com)
- Neurenteric cysts (NECs) are rare developmental malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) which originate as benign congenital lesions. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Congenital or acquired cysts of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges which may remain stable in size or undergo progressive enlargement. (bvsalud.org)
- Arachnoid cysts are congenital in children or they are noticed at birth and this form is known as the primary arachnoid cysts. (mbbch.com)
Cystic6
- Some examples of cysts originating from the CNS tissue include:[citation needed] Arachnoid cysts (Leptomeningeal cysts) Ependymal cysts Cystic cerebellar astrocytomas Colloid cysts Symptoms are assessed on a case-by-case basis. (wikipedia.org)
- The diagnosis of E. granulosus infection (cystic hydatid disease) is suggested by identification of a cyst-like mass in a person with a history of exposure to sheepdogs in areas where the parasite is endemic. (cdc.gov)
- In the past, surgery was the only treatment for cystic echinococcal cysts. (cdc.gov)
- Chemotherapy, cyst puncture, and PAIR (percutaneous aspiration, injection of chemicals and reaspiration) have been used to replace surgery as effective treatments for cystic echinococcosis and, for some cases, no treatment but a conservative "watch and wait" approach is best. (cdc.gov)
- Follicle cysts of the ovary are the most common cystic structures found in healthy ovaries. (medscape.com)
- Infection with the cystic form is known as cysticercosis whereas involvement of the central nervous system is called neurocysticercosis. (alliedacademies.org)
Rathke's2
- Some examples of cysts originating from non-central nervous system tissue include:[citation needed] Teratomas cysts (containing multiple body tissue types) Dermoid (epidermoid/epidermoid tumor) Rathke's cleft cysts Pineal cysts Tumor-associated cysts Epithelial cysts that originate from upper respiratory and intestinal tracks. (wikipedia.org)
- The pathological classifications of the 215 cases are as follows: 163 pituitary adenomas, 23 Rathke's cleft cysts, 17 craniopharyngiomas, and 12 others. (elsevierpure.com)
Infection15
- This is called a larval cyst infection. (mayoclinic.org)
- Symptoms of larval cyst infection depend on where they are causing disease in the body. (mayoclinic.org)
- There also may be pain and swelling at the site of the larval cyst infection. (mayoclinic.org)
- If you experience any of the symptoms of tapeworm or larval cyst infection, get medical care. (mayoclinic.org)
- Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a disease caused by central nervous system infection by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium . (cdc.gov)
- If this happens, a person can get a larval cyst infection. (sparrow.org)
- A tumor or infection in your central nervous system or damage to your central nervous system due to an injury can disrupt your body's normal control of the hiccup reflex. (sparrow.org)
- For individuals surviving initial infection, T. gondii tachyzoites respond to the host immune response by converting to bradyzoite-filled tissue cysts in the central nervous system, muscles, and other tissues. (frontiersin.org)
- Sarah Gregory] Neurocysticercosis, which is brain infection with Taenia solinium larval cysts, causes substantial neurologic illness around the world. (cdc.gov)
- The central nervous system (CNS) is the most important primary site of infection and the disease can present with solitary or multiple space occupying lesions. (hindawi.com)
- Isolated vaginal bleeding with no other signs of puberty is a diagnosis of exclusion and can be the result of sexual abuse, infection, vaginal foreign body, ovarian cyst, hypothyroidism, or pinworm endometritis. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- Heavy menstrual bleeding - Bleeding disorders, PCOS, infection, thyroid disease, and hemorrhagic ovarian cysts can all cause heavy menstrual bleeding. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- Areas most affected by the infection revolve around the central nervous system. (rapidtest.com)
- Even though cyst vesicular antigen aids in sensitivity and specificity, other non-serological tests are recommended to verify accurate results of the T. solum infection. (rapidtest.com)
- A tumor or infection in our central nervous system or damage to our central nervous system as a result of trauma can disrupt our bodies normal control of the hiccup reflex. (rajeevclinic.com)
Tumor5
- A tumor, cyst or growth on the thyroid gland in your neck. (sparrow.org)
- A 2-year interim analysis from the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Phase 5 (IOTA5) study showed that 80% of ovarian cysts considered benign on ultrasonography either disappeared or required no intervention. (medscape.com)
- An adult central nervous system tumor is a disease in which abnormal cells form in the tissues of the brain and/or spinal cord. (kaiserpermanente.org)
- We applied the classification and definitions of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States to our analysis for direct comparison with United States data. (e-crt.org)
- The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program in the United States are the largest registries and have reported their data regularly since 2010. (e-crt.org)
Tapeworm10
- A young and inactive form of the tapeworm is called a larval cyst. (mayoclinic.org)
- The larval cyst develops into an adult tapeworm. (mayoclinic.org)
- Upon ingestion, tapeworm eggs release oncospheres, which invade the intestinal wall and disseminate through the bloodstream to form cysts throughout the body. (cdc.gov)
- Resettlement from regions with known pockets of T. solium tapeworm endemicity, including Southeast Asia, central Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa, is common. (cdc.gov)
- Seth O'Neal] Neurocysticercosis is a disease that occurs when larvae of the pork tapeworm infect the human brain, forming cysts. (cdc.gov)
- Children can be infected with the tapeworm form by the consumption of improperly cooked pork which contains the larval cysts. (alliedacademies.org)
- After consumption, the cysts are converted into the tapeworm form in the intestines. (alliedacademies.org)
- Taenia Solium larvae may enter inside a person's body when he or she drinks contaminated water or consumes undercooked pork or beef that contains tapeworm cysts or eggs. (zmescience.com)
- Not every tapeworm-infected person experiences seizures, it happens only when the Taenia larva affects the central nervous system in humans. (zmescience.com)
- Some experts postulate that if an adult tapeworm is present in the intestine, gravid proglottids (tapeworm segments) may be passed retrograde from the intestine to the stomach, where oncospheres (immature form of the parasite enclosed in an embryonic envelope) may hatch and migrate to subcutaneous tissue, muscle, viscera, and the central nervous system. (msdmanuals.com)
Symptomatic5
- Symptomatic (producing or showing symptoms) cysts may require surgical removal if they are present in areas where brain damage is unavoidable, or if they produce chronic symptoms disruptive to the quality of life of the patient. (wikipedia.org)
- Microsurgical Fenestration and Paraspinal Muscle Pedicle Flaps for the Treatment of Symptomatic Sacral Tarlov Cysts. (beds.ac.uk)
- In some rare cases, arachnoid cysts may be symptomatic. (mbbch.com)
- For a symptomatic cyst, drainage should clear the symptoms. (mbbch.com)
- Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review. (nih.gov)
Benign cysts1
- Arachnoid cysts are benign cysts that occur in the cerebrospinal axis in relation to the arachnoid membrane and that do not communicate with the ventricular system. (medscape.com)
Pancreatic1
- and renal, pancreatic, and epididymal cysts. (medscape.com)
Form cysts1
- Also known by the name Taenia , this ribbon-shaped worm can give you seizures if it manages to form cysts inside your brain. (zmescience.com)
Ovarian cyst1
- An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac in or on a person's ovary. (familydoctor.org)
Neurenteric cysts1
- Neurenteric cysts (NECs), known as enterogenous cysts or endodermal cysts, are rare developmental malformations of the central nervous system. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Meningeal4
- Repair of Delayed Meningeal Cyst after Spinal Surgery with Paraspinal Muscle Flap under Microscope. (beds.ac.uk)
- Surgical management of sacral meningeal cysts by obstructing the communicating holes with muscle graft. (beds.ac.uk)
- Dural dissection cyst: a more accurate term for extradural meningeal cyst. (beds.ac.uk)
- Spinal extradural meningeal cyst: correct radiological and histopathological diagnosis. (beds.ac.uk)
Intradural1
- Here, an L1 intradural extramedullay neuroenteric cyst of the conus medullaris was resected without complications. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Cerebellar1
- Other brain anomalies reported with the syndrome include frontal polymicrogyria and gray matter heterotopia, cerebellar dysplasia, ventriculomegaly, and arachnoid cysts. (medscape.com)
Symptoms5
- Spinal arachnoid cysts are generally misdiagnosed, because symptoms are often nonspecific. (medscape.com)
- Symptoms also appear when one or more cysts keep an organ from working correctly. (sparrow.org)
- Seth O'Neal] The cysts can form anywhere within the central nervous system, so the symptoms will vary depending on the number of cysts, their location, their size, and the strength of the host immune response against them. (cdc.gov)
- These symptoms noticed are related to the site and size of the cyst. (mbbch.com)
- A spinal column cyst with symptoms should be removed surgically but if it is not achievable, a fenestration or shunting can still be done to drain it. (mbbch.com)
Conus medullaris2
- Filar cysts occur in a similar region but are below the conus medullaris. (radiopaedia.org)
- Ependymal cyst in the conus medullaris. (radiopaedia.org)
Extradural1
- Clinical and imaging features of spinal extradural arachnoid cysts: a retrospective study of 50 cases. (beds.ac.uk)
Fenestration2
- Some examples of cyst removal procedures include: permanent drainage, fenestration, and endoscopic cyst fenestration. (wikipedia.org)
- Home Publications An Analysis of Outcome of Endoscopic Fenestration of Cavum Septum Pellucidum Cyst - More Grey than Black and White? (amrita.edu)
Neurocysticercosis1
- Seth O'Neal] The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis requires visualizing the larval cysts in the brain, using either a CT scan or an MRI. (cdc.gov)
Cavity3
- Microscopic examination shows that their walls are formed from a splitting of the arachnoid membrane, with an inner and outer leaflet surrounding the cyst cavity. (medscape.com)
- In chronic alveolar hydatid infections, the lesion consists of a central necrotic cavity filled with a white amorphous material that is covered with a thin peripheral layer of dense fibrous tissue. (cdc.gov)
- A cyst is a fluid-filled cavity. (mbbch.com)
Taenia2
- Quantitative multiplexed proteomics of Taenia solium cysts obtained from the skeletal muscle and central nervous system of pigs. (harvard.edu)
- Differential antigenic protein recovery from Taenia solium cyst tissues using several detergents. (harvard.edu)
Occur5
- This category of cysts takes over areas of necrotic tissue in the brain from injuries, diseases, or abnormalities, which occur due to the central nervous system's nonregenerative nature. (wikipedia.org)
- Solitary follicle cysts are common and occur during all stages of life, from the fetal stage to the postmenopausal period. (medscape.com)
- Whilst global prevalence is unknown, the disease seems to occur worldwide, but has a much higher prevalence among Central and Eastern European Slavic populations due to a founder mutation. (orpha.net)
- The secondary form of arachnoid cysts is those that occur much later in life. (mbbch.com)
- Arachnoid cysts occur frequently in children. (mbbch.com)
Drainage1
- A neurosurgeon may open a portion of the body and insert a shunt into cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) filled cysts to allow drainage into CSF pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Pork1
- The natural lifecycle of T. solium tapeworms completes when a human eats pork contaminated by T. solium larval cysts because these can then develop into adult egg-producing intestinal tapeworms. (cdc.gov)
Adult1
- 2. After ingestion, cysts evaginate, attach to the small intestine by their scolex, and mature into adult worms in about 2 months. (msdmanuals.com)
Fetal1
- Pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variations and regions of homozygosity in fetal central nervous system malformations. (cdc.gov)
Epithelial1
- After a diagnosis has been made, immunohistochemistry may be used to differentiate between epithelial cysts and arachnoid cysts. (wikipedia.org)
Intracranial1
- The most common intracranial anomaly is the presence of choroid plexus cysts, which are pockets of fluid on the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Organs4
- Noninvasive imaging techniques such as CT scans, MRI, and ultrasound imaging are all used for detecting and defining the extent and condition of avascular fluid-filled cysts in most organs. (cdc.gov)
- Larval cysts in other organs. (mayoclinic.org)
- Although the larva most commonly affects the central nervous system and orbits but it can involve various other organs like muscles, lungs, liver, heart and subcutaneous tissues. (alliedacademies.org)
- From the bloodstream they migrate to the muscles and other organs where tissue cysts are formed. (alliedacademies.org)
Secondary1
- In secondary echinococcosis, larval tissue spreads from the primary site and new cysts develop after spontaneous or trauma-induced cyst rupture or after release of viable parasite material during invasive treatment procedures. (cdc.gov)
Affects the central nervou1
- Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects the central nervous system. (familydoctor.org)
Sacral1
- Myelographic CT, A Check-Valve Mechanism, and Microsurgical Treatment of Sacral Perineural Tarlov Cysts. (beds.ac.uk)
Lesion1
- Pineal cysts (PCs) are a benign lesion of the pineal gland that have been known to the medical community for a long time. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues2
- They normally take over the neuraxis, the axis of the central nervous system that determines how the nervous system is placed, which allows the cysts to infiltrate the CNS tissues. (wikipedia.org)
- High parasite burdens were observed in all tissues except the central nervous system, and toxoplasmosis with severe protozoal steatitis was the primary cause of death for all cases. (frontiersin.org)
Surgical3
- The most effective surgical treatment appears to be excision of the outer cyst membrane and cystoperitoneal shunting. (medscape.com)
- The camera enables the visualization of the cyst and the surgical field. (mbbch.com)
- This surgical procedure is partic mixture strategy may be particularly related for phaeo ularly important within the angioinvasive zygomycoses, which pro hyphomycosis of the central nervous system (303) erectile dysfunction caused by vicodin [url=http://www.nzcis.org/order/Viagra-Professional/]100 mg viagra professional best[/url]. (ehd.org)
Epidural space1
- in such cases, arachnoid cysts or arachnoid diverticula may be located subdurally or in the epidural space, respectively. (medscape.com)
Tissue2
- CNS cysts are classified into two categories: cysts that originate from non-central nervous system tissue, migrate to, and form on a portion of the CNS, and cysts that originate within central nervous system tissue itself. (wikipedia.org)
- Host tissue is directly invaded by extension of the budding and proliferating cyst wall, causing a pressure necrosis of surrounding host tissue. (cdc.gov)
Brain and spinal cord1
- Together, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS). (kaiserpermanente.org)
Avascular1
- Coronal vertebral angiogram of the same patient as in the previous 2 images shows a hypervascular intramural nodule that demonstrates a prolonged and intense enhancement with a surrounding avascular area, which represents the cyst surrounding the mural nodule. (medscape.com)
Abnormal1
- Mastocytosis is the abnormal growth of cells from the immune system in your body. (familydoctor.org)
Syndrome2
- Menses too early - A cause of early menstruation is precocious puberty, which can be either GnRH-dependent, which can be idiopathic, genetic, or tied to central nervous system, or GnRH-independent, which can be the result of Prader-Willi syndrome, Williams and Temple syndrome, autonomous ovarian cysts, etc. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- Lowe syndrome (oculocerebrorenal syndrome) is characterized by involvement of the eyes, central nervous system, and kidneys. (nih.gov)
Kidneys1
- Cysts in the spleen, kidneys, heart, bone and central nervous system are less common. (cdc.gov)
Humans1
- Most primary infections in humans consist of a single cyst. (cdc.gov)
Disease4
- Larval cysts can cause serious disease if they are in a person's brain, liver, lungs, heart or eyes. (mayoclinic.org)
- For example, larval cysts can cause severe disease in the liver, lungs or heart. (mayoclinic.org)
- We tested stored serum samples from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Migrant Serum Bank for antibodies against T. solium cysts by using the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot. (cdc.gov)
- PKD1-Associated Arachnoid Cysts in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. (cdc.gov)
Diagnosis2
Intestines1
- The larva burrows into the wall of the intestines and forms a larval cyst. (sparrow.org)
Cerebral1
- Thalamus the thalamus is located between the cerebral cortex and the subcortical areas of the central nervous system and has been described as the mind's sensory relay station. (ehd.org)
Cysticerci1
- Cysticerci are spherical milky white cysts containing fluid and a single invaginated scolex with hooklets [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Bloodstream1
- The larva travels through the bloodstream and forms a cyst somewhere in the body. (sparrow.org)
Fluid2
- The physician typically looks for fluid (or other bodily substance) filled sacs to appear in the scans, as is shown in the CT scan of a colloid cyst. (wikipedia.org)
- In the second procedure, a shunt is put into the cyst to redirect the fluid present to another body part such as the stomach. (mbbch.com)
Clinical1
- Usually, cysts with dimensions less than 2.5 cm are classified as follicles and therefore are not of clinical significance. (medscape.com)