Water
Fluid Therapy
Rehydration Solutions
Water-Electrolyte Balance
Abscisic Acid
Osmolar Concentration
Hydro-Lyases
Droughts
Specific Gravity
Diarrhea
Chironomidae
Trehalose
Gastroenteritis
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Plant Proteins
Stress, Physiological
Vasopressins
Wrestling
Osmotic Pressure
Clotrimazole
Rosa
Water Loss, Insensible
Erythrocytes, Abnormal
Adaptation, Physiological
Anemia, Sickle Cell
Electrolytes
Drinking Behavior
Saline Solution, Hypertonic
Arabidopsis
Plant Leaves
Camels
Hypovolemia
Salt-Tolerance
Antidiarrheals
Diabetes Insipidus
Arginine Vasopressin
Lactation Disorders
Arabidopsis Proteins
Aquaporin 2
Polyuria
Plasma Volume
Sodium
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Molecular Sequence Data
Acute renal failure caused by nephrotoxins. (1/1047)
Renal micropuncture studies have greatly changed our views on the pathophysiology of acute renal failure caused by nephrotoxins. Formerly, this type of renal insufficiency was attributed to a direct effect of the nephrotoxins on tubule epithelial permeability. According to that theory, glomerular filtration was not greatly diminished, the filtrate formed being absorbed almost quantitatively and nonselectively across damaged tubule epithelium. Studies in a wide variety of rat models have now shown glomerular filtration to be reduced to a level which will inevitably cause renal failure in and of itself. Passive backflow of filtrate across tubular epithelium is either of minor degree or nonexistent even in models where frank tubular necrosis has occurred. This failure of filtration cannot be attributed to tubular obstruction since proximal tubule pressure is distinctly subnormal in most models studied. Instead, filtration failure appears best attributed to intrarenal hemodynamic alterations. While certain facts tend to incriminate the renin-angiotensin system as the cause of the hemodynamic aberrations, others argue to the contrary. The issue is underactive investigation. (+info)Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat. (2/1047)
We investigated whether fatigue during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments occurred at the same critical level of hyperthermia when the initial value and the rate of increase in body temperature are altered. To examine the effect of initial body temperature [esophageal temperature (Tes) = 35.9 +/- 0.2, 37.4 +/- 0. 1, or 38.2 +/- 0.1 (SE) degrees C induced by 30 min of water immersion], seven cyclists (maximal O2 uptake = 5.1 +/- 0.1 l/min) performed three randomly assigned bouts of cycle ergometer exercise (60% maximal O2 uptake) in the heat (40 degrees C) until volitional exhaustion. To determine the influence of rate of heat storage (0.10 vs. 0.05 degrees C/min induced by a water-perfused jacket), four cyclists performed two additional exercise bouts, starting with Tes of 37.0 degrees C. Despite different initial temperatures, all subjects fatigued at an identical level of hyperthermia (Tes = 40. 1-40.2 degrees C, muscle temperature = 40.7-40.9 degrees C, skin temperature = 37.0-37.2 degrees C) and cardiovascular strain (heart rate = 196-198 beats/min, cardiac output = 19.9-20.8 l/min). Time to exhaustion was inversely related to the initial body temperature: 63 +/- 3, 46 +/- 3, and 28 +/- 2 min with initial Tes of approximately 36, 37, and 38 degrees C, respectively (all P < 0.05). Similarly, with different rates of heat storage, all subjects reached exhaustion at similar Tes and muscle temperature (40.1-40.3 and 40. 7-40.9 degrees C, respectively), but with significantly different skin temperature (38.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 35.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C during high vs. low rate of heat storage, respectively, P < 0.05). Time to exhaustion was significantly shorter at the high than at the lower rate of heat storage (31 +/- 4 vs. 56 +/- 11 min, respectively, P < 0.05). Increases in heart rate and reductions in stroke volume paralleled the rise in core temperature (36-40 degrees C), with skin blood flow plateauing at Tes of approximately 38 degrees C. These results demonstrate that high internal body temperature per se causes fatigue in trained subjects during prolonged exercise in uncompensable hot environments. Furthermore, time to exhaustion in hot environments is inversely related to the initial temperature and directly related to the rate of heat storage. (+info)Desiccation resistance in interspecific Drosophila crosses. Genetic interactions and trait correlations. (3/1047)
We used crosses between two closely related Drosophila species, Drosophila serrata and D. birchii, to examine the genetic basis of desiccation resistance and correlations between resistance, physiological traits, and life-history traits. D. serrata is more resistant to desiccation than D. birchii, and this may help to explain the broader geographical range of the former species. A comparison of F2's from reciprocal crosses indicated higher resistance levels when F2's originated from D. birchii mothers compared to D. serrata mothers. However, backcrosses had a resistance level similar to that of the parental species, suggesting an interaction between X-linked effects in D. serrata that reduce resistance and autosomal effects that increase resistance. Reciprocal differences persisted in hybrid lines set up from the different reciprocal crosses and tested at later generations. Increased desiccation resistance was associated with an increased body size in two sets of hybrid lines and in half-sib groups set up from the F4's after crossing the two species, but size associations were inconsistent in the F2's. None of the crosses provided evidence for a positive association between desiccation resistance and glycogen levels, or evidence for a tradeoff between desiccation resistance and early fecundity. However, fecundity was positively correlated with body size at both the genetic and phenotypic levels. This study illustrates how interspecific crosses may provide information on genetic interactions between traits following adaptive divergence, as well as on the genetic basis of the traits. (+info)Pilsicainide intoxication in a patient with dehydration. (4/1047)
An 81-year-old woman developed pilsicainide intoxication associated with dehydration. The patient had been taking pilsicainide (100 mg/day) for 1 year because of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Her renal function was within normal limits. One week before admission, she was suffering from pneumonia, and had appetite loss, fever, and severe fatigue. Physical examination revealed dehydration. The electrocardiogram (ECG) on admission showed atrioventricular dissociation, idioventricular rhythm with marked QRS widening and QTc prolongation. The plasma concentration of pilsicainide on admission was markedly elevated at 6.2 microg/ml, approximately 6 times the therapeutic range (0.25-1.0 microg/ml). Continuous saline infusion was initiated for the treatment of dehydration,which progressively improved. As a result, sinus rhythm was recovered 2 h after admission, and the QRS and JT intervals gradually normalized. This is an interesting case because the proarrhythmia of pilsicainide was induced by dehydration. (+info)Regulation of aquaporin mRNA expression in rat kidney by water intake. (5/1047)
Three aquaporins (AQP) are present in the membrane of the principal collecting duct cells. On the apical side, the levels of AQP2 protein are increased in response to both arginine vasopressin and water deprivation. However, whether this change parallels changes in the abundance of AQP3 and AQP4 in the basolateral membrane is less well known. This study evaluates the effect of either dehydration or water loading on the rat kidney mRNA expression of AQP2, AQP3, and AQP4. Poly(A+)RNA was prepared from renal cortex and medulla of control, water-deprived, well hydrated, and water-deprived rats treated with OPC31260, a V2 receptor antagonist. Northern blots were done and mRNA levels were quantified using a PhosphorImager system. Relative to control, water deprivation increased the expression of cortical AQP2, -3, and -4, whereas water loading decreased the cortical and medullar expression of AQP2, -3, and -4. Therefore, in addition to AQP2 and -3, AQP4 expression is also regulated by water intake. Treatment with OPC31260 (40 mg/kg of weight per d) inhibited up to 20 to 30% the upregulation of AQP-mRNA induced by water deprivation. Blood values of arginine vasopressin and aldosterone were significantly increased by water deprivation, whereas they were unchanged by water overloading. Taken together, these results indicate that renal AQP2, -3, and -4 expression is regulated in a coordinated manner. Simultaneous up- or downregulation of the three transcripts occurred upon either water deprivation or water loading of animals, respectively. However, the signaling mechanism for the two long-term adaptive processes may be different, and, in addition to arginine vasopressin, other factors may be involved in the transcriptional regulatory processes. (+info)Thermal dehydration-induced thirst in spontaneously hypertensive rats. (6/1047)
Spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were exposed to either 25 or 37.5 degrees C for 3.5 h, and their thermal and water balance responses were compared. After exposure, either a blood sample was obtained or the rats were allowed to rehydrate for 4 h. SH rats had both higher core temperatures and evaporative water losses during heat exposure. Measurements of hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, plasma protein and sodium concentrations, and plasma osmolality indirectly showed that the SH rats were dehydrated relative to the WKY rats after exposure to either 25 or 37.5 degrees C. SH rats drank significantly more water but also had significantly higher urine volumes than the WKY rats and thus rehydrated only slightly better than the WKY rats. SH and WKY rats had similar levels of water intake and urine output after 24 h of water deprivation. The elevated thermal response of SH rats to heat exposure does not appear to lead to uncompensatable changes in body water status. (+info)Cardiovascular changes associated with dehydration and drinking in unrestrained, lactating goats. (7/1047)
The aim of this study was to investigate if the alertness connected with seeing water increased arterial blood pressure and heart rate to the same extent as the act of drinking, and if ingestion of warm water caused a different effect compared with ingestion of cool water on these cardiovascular variables. Seven goats of the Swedish domestic breed (Capra hircus) were used in a cross-over design. The animals were dehydrated for 24 h. They were allowed to watch water being prepared for 11-16 min, after which they were given access to warm (35 degrees C) or cool (15 degrees C) water. The goats drank 6.86 +/- 0.36 l of the warm water and 4.54 +/- 0.35 l of the cool water (P < 0.05) within the first hour. The arterial blood pressure, heart rate and activity of the animals were registered by an implanted telemetric device. Dehydration did not affect the cardiovascular variables, except before feeding in the morning, when the heart rate accelerated faster in dehydrated goats. Heart rate increased abruptly when dehydrated goats saw water being prepared, remained at the increased level during drinking and then slowly declined. It increased again during the afternoon feeding, to a level similar to that on control days, but between 18.00 and 06.00 h the heart rate was higher than during control nights. Blood pressure did not change when the goats saw water, but increased when they drank. On the morning following rehydration, the rise in heart rate in response to feeding was delayed compared with that during control and dehydration periods. It is concluded that seeing water caused arousal in the goats, resulting in an accelerated heart rate. The additional rise in blood pressure during the act of drinking appears to be a combination of excitement and sensory inputs from the pharyngeal region, causing a temporary activation of the sympathetic nervous system. (+info)The mouse as a model to study adhesion formation following endoscopic surgery: a preliminary report. (8/1047)
Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of a mouse model to study adhesion formation following endoscopic surgery. Following preliminary studies to establish anaesthesia and pneumoperitoneum pressure, a prospective randomized study was carried out to investigate the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on postoperative adhesions. In group I (control group), the duration of pneumoperitoneum was shorter than 5 min. In groups II, III and IV, pneumoperitoneum was maintained for 60 min without flow, with a continuous low flow (1 ml/min) and a continuous high flow (10 ml/min) through the abdominal cavities of the mice using non-humidified CO2, respectively. Adhesions were scored after 7 days by laparotomy. The total adhesion scores were 0.9 +/- 0.8 (n = 15) in control group, 2.4 +/- 0.8 (n = 15) (P < 0.001 versus control group) in group II with no flow, 2.6 +/- 1.3 (n = 15) (P < 0.001 versus control group) in group III with a continuous low flow and 4.3 +/- 0.9 (n = 15) (P < 0.001 versus control group and P < 0.001 versus group II and III) in group IV with a continuous high flow. In conclusion, the mouse can be used as a model to study adhesion formation following endoscopic surgery. Duration of CO2 pneumoperitoneum is a co-factor in adhesion formation. (+info)Dehydration is a condition that occurs when your body loses more fluids than it takes in. It's normal to lose water throughout the day through activities like breathing, sweating, and urinating; however, if you don't replenish this lost fluid, your body can become dehydrated.
Mild to moderate dehydration can cause symptoms such as:
- Dry mouth
- Fatigue or weakness
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Headache
- Dark colored urine
- Muscle cramps
Severe dehydration can lead to more serious health problems, including heat injury, urinary and kidney problems, seizures, and even hypovolemic shock, a life-threatening condition that occurs when your blood volume is too low.
Dehydration can be caused by various factors such as illness (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting), excessive sweating, high fever, burns, alcohol consumption, and certain medications. It's essential to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, especially during hot weather, exercise, or when you're ill.
Desiccation is a medical term that refers to the process of extreme dryness or the state of being dried up. It is the removal of water or moisture from an object or tissue, which can lead to its dehydration and preservation. In medicine, desiccation may be used as a therapeutic technique for treating certain conditions, such as drying out wet wounds or preventing infection in surgical instruments. However, desiccation can also have harmful effects on living tissues, leading to cell damage or death.
In a broader context, desiccation is also used to describe the process of drying up of an organ, tissue, or body part due to various reasons such as exposure to air, heat, or certain medical conditions that affect moisture regulation in the body. For example, diabetic patients may experience desiccation of their skin due to decreased moisture production and increased evaporation caused by high blood sugar levels. Similarly, people living in dry climates or using central heating systems may experience desiccation of their mucous membranes, leading to dryness of the eyes, nose, and throat.
Hypernatremia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high concentration of sodium (na+) in the blood, specifically a serum sodium level greater than 145 mEq/L. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate water balance in and around your cells. It's crucial for many body functions, including the maintenance of blood pressure, regulation of nerve and muscle function, and regulation of fluid balance.
Hypernatremia typically results from a deficit of total body water relative to solute, which can be caused by decreased water intake, increased water loss, or a combination of both. Common causes include dehydration due to severe vomiting or diarrhea, excessive sweating, burns, kidney diseases, and the use of certain medications such as diuretics.
Symptoms of hypernatremia can range from mild to severe and may include thirst, muscle weakness, lethargy, irritability, confusion, seizures, and in extreme cases, coma or even death. Treatment typically involves correcting the underlying cause and gradually rehydrating the individual with intravenous fluids to restore normal sodium levels.
Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.
In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:
1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.
Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.
Fluid therapy, in a medical context, refers to the administration of fluids into a patient's circulatory system for various therapeutic purposes. This can be done intravenously (through a vein), intraosseously (through a bone), or subcutaneously (under the skin). The goal of fluid therapy is to correct or prevent imbalances in the body's fluids and electrolytes, maintain or restore blood volume, and support organ function.
The types of fluids used in fluid therapy can include crystalloids (which contain electrolytes and water) and colloids (which contain larger molecules like proteins). The choice of fluid depends on the patient's specific needs and condition. Fluid therapy is commonly used in the treatment of dehydration, shock, sepsis, trauma, surgery, and other medical conditions that can affect the body's fluid balance.
Proper administration of fluid therapy requires careful monitoring of the patient's vital signs, urine output, electrolyte levels, and overall clinical status to ensure that the therapy is effective and safe.
Water deprivation is a condition that occurs when an individual is deliberately or unintentionally not given access to adequate water for a prolonged period. This can lead to dehydration, which is the excessive loss of body water and electrolytes. In severe cases, water deprivation can result in serious health complications, including seizures, kidney damage, brain damage, coma, and even death. It's important to note that water is essential for many bodily functions, including maintaining blood pressure, regulating body temperature, and removing waste products from the body. Therefore, it's crucial to stay hydrated by drinking an adequate amount of water each day.
Rehydration solutions are medically formulated drinks designed to restore fluid and electrolyte balance in the body, particularly when someone is dehydrated due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating. These solutions typically contain water, glucose (or sucrose), and essential electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate in specific concentrations to match the body's needs. Common examples of rehydration solutions include oral rehydration salts (ORS) and sports drinks, which help replenish the body's water and electrolyte levels, promoting rapid and effective rehydration.
Thirst, also known as dry mouth or polydipsia, is a physiological need or desire to drink fluids to maintain fluid balance and hydration in the body. It is primarily regulated by the hypothalamus in response to changes in osmolality and volume of bodily fluids, particularly blood. Thirst can be triggered by various factors such as dehydration, excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, burns, certain medications, and medical conditions affecting the kidneys, adrenal glands, or other organs. It is a vital homeostatic mechanism to ensure adequate hydration and proper functioning of various bodily systems.
Water-electrolyte balance refers to the regulation of water and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate) in the body to maintain homeostasis. This is crucial for various bodily functions such as nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, fluid balance, and pH regulation. The body maintains this balance through mechanisms that control water intake, excretion, and electrolyte concentration in various body fluids like blood and extracellular fluid. Disruptions in water-electrolyte balance can lead to dehydration or overhydration, and imbalances in electrolytes can cause conditions such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels) or hyperkalemia (high potassium levels).
The term "drinking" is commonly used to refer to the consumption of beverages, but in a medical context, it usually refers to the consumption of alcoholic drinks. According to the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, "drinking" is defined as:
1. The act or habit of swallowing liquid (such as water, juice, or alcohol)
2. The ingestion of alcoholic beverages
It's important to note that while moderate drinking may not pose significant health risks for some individuals, excessive or binge drinking can lead to a range of negative health consequences, including addiction, liver disease, heart disease, and increased risk of injury or violence.
Infantile diarrhea is a medical condition characterized by loose, watery stools in infants and young children. It can be caused by various factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, allergies, or malabsorption disorders. In some cases, it may also be associated with certain medications or underlying medical conditions.
Infantile diarrhea can lead to dehydration and other complications if not treated promptly and properly. It is important to monitor the infant's hydration status by checking for signs of dehydration such as dry mouth, sunken eyes, and decreased urine output. If diarrhea persists or is accompanied by vomiting, fever, or other concerning symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.
Treatment for infantile diarrhea typically involves rehydration with oral electrolyte solutions, as well as addressing the underlying cause of the diarrhea if possible. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous fluids may be necessary.
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various physiological processes, including seed dormancy, bud dormancy, leaf senescence, and response to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and cold temperatures. It is a sesquiterpene compound that is synthesized in plants primarily in response to environmental stimuli that trigger the onset of stress responses.
ABA functions by regulating gene expression, cell growth and development, and stomatal closure, which helps prevent water loss from plants under drought conditions. It also plays a role in the regulation of plant metabolism and the activation of defense mechanisms against pathogens and other environmental stressors. Overall, abscisic acid is an essential hormone that enables plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions and optimize their growth and development.
"Freezing" is a term used in the medical field to describe a phenomenon that can occur in certain neurological conditions, most notably in Parkinson's disease. It refers to a sudden and temporary inability to move or initiate movement, often triggered by environmental factors such as narrow spaces, turning, or approaching a destination. This can increase the risk of falls and make daily activities challenging for affected individuals.
Freezing is also known as "freezing of gait" (FOG) when it specifically affects a person's ability to walk. During FOG episodes, the person may feel like their feet are glued to the ground, making it difficult to take steps forward. This can be very distressing and debilitating for those affected.
It is important to note that "freezing" has different meanings in different medical contexts, such as in the field of orthopedics, where it may refer to a loss of joint motion due to stiffness or inflammation. Always consult with a healthcare professional for accurate information tailored to your specific situation.
Body water refers to the total amount of water present in the human body. It is an essential component of life and makes up about 60-70% of an adult's body weight. Body water is distributed throughout various fluid compartments within the body, including intracellular fluid (water inside cells), extracellular fluid (water outside cells), and transcellular fluid (water found in specific bodily spaces such as the digestive tract, eyes, and joints). Maintaining proper hydration and balance of body water is crucial for various physiological processes, including temperature regulation, nutrient transportation, waste elimination, and overall health.
Osmolar concentration is a measure of the total number of solute particles (such as ions or molecules) dissolved in a solution per liter of solvent (usually water), which affects the osmotic pressure. It is expressed in units of osmoles per liter (osmol/L). Osmolarity and osmolality are related concepts, with osmolarity referring to the number of osmoles per unit volume of solution, typically measured in liters, while osmolality refers to the number of osmoles per kilogram of solvent. In clinical contexts, osmolar concentration is often used to describe the solute concentration of bodily fluids such as blood or urine.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Hydro-Lyases" is not a recognized medical term or category in biochemistry. It seems like there might be a misunderstanding or a typo in the term.
In biochemistry, "lyases" are enzymes that catalyze the removal of groups from substrates by means other than hydrolysis or oxidation, often forming a double bond or a ring-forming reaction. They are classified and named based on the type of bond they break.
If you meant to ask about a specific enzyme or reaction, could you please provide more context or clarify the term? I'd be happy to help further with accurate information.
"Drought" is not a medical term. It is a term used in meteorology and environmental science to refer to a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to water shortage and scarcity in the affected areas. Droughts can have various impacts on human health, including dehydration, heat-related illnesses, reduced air quality, increased transmission of waterborne diseases, and mental health issues related to stress and displacement. However, drought itself is not a medical condition.
Specific gravity is a term used in medicine, particularly in the context of urinalysis and other bodily fluid analysis. It refers to the ratio of the density (mass of a substance per unit volume) of a sample to the density of a reference substance, usually water. At body temperature, this is expressed as:
Specific gravity = Density of sample / Density of water at 37 degrees Celsius
In urinalysis, specific gravity is used to help evaluate renal function and hydration status. It can indicate whether the kidneys are adequately concentrating or diluting the urine. A lower specific gravity (closer to 1) may suggest overhydration or dilute urine, while a higher specific gravity (greater than 1) could indicate dehydration or concentrated urine. However, specific gravity should be interpreted in conjunction with other urinalysis findings and clinical context for accurate assessment.
Diarrhea is a condition in which an individual experiences loose, watery stools frequently, often exceeding three times a day. It can be acute, lasting for several days, or chronic, persisting for weeks or even months. Diarrhea can result from various factors, including viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections, food intolerances, medications, and underlying medical conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease or irritable bowel syndrome. Dehydration is a potential complication of diarrhea, particularly in severe cases or in vulnerable populations like young children and the elderly.
Chironomidae is a family of nematoceran flies, also known as non-biting midges or lake flies. They are often mistaken for mosquitoes due to their similar appearance, but they do not bite and are not vectors for disease. Chironomidae species can be found in various aquatic habitats such as lakes, rivers, and wetlands. The larvae of these flies are an important food source for many fish and other aquatic organisms. Adult chironomids are also known to emerge in large numbers in a synchronized fashion, particularly near bodies of water, which can be a nuisance to nearby human populations.
Acclimatization is the process by which an individual organism adjusts to a change in its environment, enabling it to maintain its normal physiological functions and thus survive and reproduce. In the context of medicine, acclimatization often refers to the body's adaptation to changes in temperature, altitude, or other environmental factors that can affect health.
For example, when a person moves from a low-altitude area to a high-altitude area, their body may undergo several physiological changes to adapt to the reduced availability of oxygen at higher altitudes. These changes may include increased breathing rate and depth, increased heart rate, and altered blood chemistry, among others. This process of acclimatization can take several days or even weeks, depending on the individual and the degree of environmental change.
Similarly, when a person moves from a cold climate to a hot climate, their body may adjust by increasing its sweat production and reducing its heat production, in order to maintain a stable body temperature. This process of acclimatization can help prevent heat-related illnesses such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
Overall, acclimatization is an important physiological process that allows organisms to adapt to changing environments and maintain their health and well-being.
Water-electrolyte imbalance refers to a disturbance in the balance of water and electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate) in the body. This imbalance can occur when there is an excess or deficiency of water or electrolytes in the body, leading to altered concentrations in the blood and other bodily fluids.
Such imbalances can result from various medical conditions, including kidney disease, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, severe dehydration, burns, excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, and certain medications. Symptoms of water-electrolyte imbalance may include weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, seizures, confusion, and in severe cases, coma or even death. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause and correcting the electrolyte and fluid levels through appropriate medical interventions.
Trehalose is a type of disaccharide, which is a sugar made up of two monosaccharides. It consists of two glucose molecules joined together in a way that makes it more stable and resistant to breakdown by enzymes and heat. This property allows trehalose to be used as a protectant for biological materials during freeze-drying and storage, as well as a food additive as a sweetener and preservative.
Trehalose is found naturally in some plants, fungi, insects, and microorganisms, where it serves as a source of energy and protection against environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and cold. In recent years, there has been interest in the potential therapeutic uses of trehalose for various medical conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer.
Medically speaking, trehalose may be used in some pharmaceutical formulations as an excipient or stabilizer, and it is also being investigated as a potential therapeutic agent for various diseases. However, its use as a medical treatment is still not widely established, and further research is needed to determine its safety and efficacy.
Gastroenteritis is not a medical condition itself, but rather a symptom-based description of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily involving the stomach and intestines. It's often referred to as "stomach flu," although it's not caused by influenza virus.
Medically, gastroenteritis is defined as an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, usually resulting in symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, and dehydration. This condition can be caused by various factors, including viral (like rotavirus or norovirus), bacterial (such as Salmonella, Shigella, or Escherichia coli), or parasitic infections, food poisoning, allergies, or the use of certain medications.
Gastroenteritis is generally self-limiting and resolves within a few days with proper hydration and rest. However, severe cases may require medical attention to prevent complications like dehydration, which can be particularly dangerous for young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.
Gene expression regulation in plants refers to the processes that control the production of proteins and RNA from the genes present in the plant's DNA. This regulation is crucial for normal growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants. It can occur at various levels, including transcription (the first step in gene expression, where the DNA sequence is copied into RNA), RNA processing (such as alternative splicing, which generates different mRNA molecules from a single gene), translation (where the information in the mRNA is used to produce a protein), and post-translational modification (where proteins are chemically modified after they have been synthesized).
In plants, gene expression regulation can be influenced by various factors such as hormones, light, temperature, and stress. Plants use complex networks of transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, and small RNAs to regulate gene expression in response to these signals. Understanding the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in plants is important for basic research, as well as for developing crops with improved traits such as increased yield, stress tolerance, and disease resistance.
"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.
Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.
Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.
"Craterostigma" is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It is made up of approximately 25 species, most of which are native to Africa. These plants are known for their unique morphological feature - a crater-like depression on the upper surface of the leaf where stomata (pores for gas exchange) are concentrated. This characteristic gives the genus its name, derived from the Greek words "krater," meaning "a large bowl or vase," and "stigma," meaning "mark" or "spot."
Some common species in this genus include Craterostigma plantagineum, Craterostigma pumilum, and Craterostigma nanum. These plants are typically found growing in damp or wet habitats, such as streambanks and swamps. They have small, tubular flowers that are usually white, pink, or purple in color.
In a medical context, the term "Craterostigma" does not have a specific definition. However, botanical knowledge of this genus might be relevant for healthcare professionals and researchers working in fields related to ethnobotany, pharmacognosy, or traditional medicine, as some members of this genus may have potential medicinal uses.
Physiological stress is a response of the body to a demand or threat that disrupts homeostasis and activates the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This results in the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline, cortisol, and noradrenaline, which prepare the body for a "fight or flight" response. Increased heart rate, rapid breathing, heightened sensory perception, and increased alertness are some of the physiological changes that occur during this response. Chronic stress can have negative effects on various bodily functions, including the immune, cardiovascular, and nervous systems.
I apologize for any confusion, but "Cicer" is not a medical term or a widely recognized abbreviation in the medical field. It might be referring to Cicero, an ancient Roman philosopher and statesman, or it could have other meanings depending on the context. If you could provide more information about where you encountered this term, I would be happy to help you further.
Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body. It is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. When the body is dehydrated or experiencing low blood pressure, vasopressin is released into the bloodstream, where it causes the kidneys to decrease the amount of urine they produce and helps to constrict blood vessels, thereby increasing blood pressure. This helps to maintain adequate fluid volume in the body and ensure that vital organs receive an adequate supply of oxygen-rich blood. In addition to its role in water balance and blood pressure regulation, vasopressin also plays a role in social behaviors such as pair bonding and trust.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "wrestling" is not a medical term. It is an athletic activity or sport that involves two individuals trying to physically manipulate each other into a dominant position or force their opponent to the ground. If you have any medical questions or concerns, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you.
Osmotic pressure is a fundamental concept in the field of physiology and biochemistry. It refers to the pressure that is required to be applied to a solution to prevent the flow of solvent (like water) into it, through a semi-permeable membrane, when the solution is separated from a pure solvent or a solution of lower solute concentration.
In simpler terms, osmotic pressure is the force that drives the natural movement of solvent molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, across a semi-permeable membrane. This process is crucial for maintaining the fluid balance and nutrient transport in living organisms.
The osmotic pressure of a solution can be determined by its solute concentration, temperature, and the ideal gas law. It is often expressed in units of atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), or pascals (Pa). In medical contexts, understanding osmotic pressure is essential for managing various clinical conditions such as dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and dialysis treatments.
Sodium Chloride is defined as the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is commonly known as table salt or halite, and it is used extensively in food seasoning and preservation due to its ability to enhance flavor and inhibit bacterial growth. In medicine, sodium chloride is used as a balanced electrolyte solution for rehydration and as a topical wound irrigant and antiseptic. It is also an essential component of the human body's fluid balance and nerve impulse transmission.
Clotrimazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, candidiasis (yeast infection), and oral thrush. It works by inhibiting the growth of fungi that cause these infections. Clotrimazole is available in several forms, including creams, lotions, powders, tablets, and lozenges.
The medical definition of Clotrimazole is:
A synthetic antifungal agent belonging to the imidazole class, used topically to treat various fungal infections such as candidiasis, tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea versicolor. It works by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes, leading to increased permeability and death of fungal cells.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Rosa" is not a medical term. It is the scientific name for the genus of plants that includes roses. If you have a question about a medical condition or term, I would be happy to help if you could provide more information.
Insensible water loss is the unnoticeable or unperceived loss of water from the body through processes such as respiration, evaporation from the skin, and perspiration that is too fine to be seen or felt. It is a normal physiological process and typically accounts for about 400-800 milliliters (ml) of water loss per day in a healthy adult at rest. However, this amount can increase with factors such as environmental temperature, humidity, and altitude, as well as physical activity or illness that increases metabolic rate or alters body temperature regulation.
Insensible water loss is an important factor to consider in maintaining fluid balance in the body, particularly in individuals who are unable to regulate their own fluid intake, such as critically ill patients or those with impaired consciousness. Prolonged or excessive insensible water loss can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can have serious consequences on various organ systems and overall health.
Humidity, in a medical context, is not typically defined on its own but is related to environmental conditions that can affect health. Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. It is often discussed in terms of absolute humidity (the mass of water per unit volume of air) or relative humidity (the ratio of the current absolute humidity to the maximum possible absolute humidity, expressed as a percentage). High humidity can contribute to feelings of discomfort, difficulty sleeping, and exacerbation of respiratory conditions such as asthma.
Abnormal erythrocytes refer to red blood cells that have an abnormal shape, size, or other characteristics. This can include various types of abnormalities such as:
1. Anisocytosis: Variation in the size of erythrocytes.
2. Poikilocytosis: Variation in the shape of erythrocytes, including but not limited to teardrop-shaped cells (dacrocytes), crescent-shaped cells (sickle cells), and spherical cells (spherocytes).
3. Anemia: A decrease in the total number of erythrocytes or a reduction in hemoglobin concentration, which can result from various underlying conditions such as iron deficiency, chronic disease, or blood loss.
4. Hemoglobinopathies: Abnormalities in the structure or function of hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in erythrocytes, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia.
5. Inclusion bodies: Abnormal structures within erythrocytes, such as Heinz bodies (denatured hemoglobin) or Howell-Jolly bodies (nuclear remnants).
These abnormalities can be detected through a complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral blood smear examination. The presence of abnormal erythrocytes may indicate an underlying medical condition, and further evaluation is often necessary to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.
"Poncirus" is a genus of small, spiny trees or shrubs that belong to the family Rutaceae. While it is not a medical term, it is commonly found in the field of botany. The most common species is "Poncirus trifoliata," also known as the hardy orange or trifoliate orange. This plant is native to China and Japan and is often used in horticulture for its hardiness and attractive flowers and fruit. Although the fruits and leaves have been used in traditional medicine in some cultures, there is limited scientific evidence supporting their medicinal use.
Physiological adaptation refers to the changes or modifications that occur in an organism's biological functions or structures as a result of environmental pressures or changes. These adaptations enable the organism to survive and reproduce more successfully in its environment. They can be short-term, such as the constriction of blood vessels in response to cold temperatures, or long-term, such as the evolution of longer limbs in animals that live in open environments.
In the context of human physiology, examples of physiological adaptation include:
1. Acclimatization: The process by which the body adjusts to changes in environmental conditions, such as altitude or temperature. For example, when a person moves to a high-altitude location, their body may produce more red blood cells to compensate for the lower oxygen levels, leading to improved oxygen delivery to tissues.
2. Exercise adaptation: Regular physical activity can lead to various physiological adaptations, such as increased muscle strength and endurance, enhanced cardiovascular function, and improved insulin sensitivity.
3. Hormonal adaptation: The body can adjust hormone levels in response to changes in the environment or internal conditions. For instance, during prolonged fasting, the body releases stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline to help maintain energy levels and prevent muscle wasting.
4. Sensory adaptation: Our senses can adapt to different stimuli over time. For example, when we enter a dark room after being in bright sunlight, it takes some time for our eyes to adjust to the new light level. This process is known as dark adaptation.
5. Aging-related adaptations: As we age, various physiological changes occur that help us adapt to the changing environment and maintain homeostasis. These include changes in body composition, immune function, and cognitive abilities.
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects the hemoglobin in red blood cells. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. In sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin is abnormal and causes the red blood cells to take on a sickle shape, rather than the normal disc shape. These sickled cells are stiff and sticky, and they can block blood vessels, causing tissue damage and pain. They also die more quickly than normal red blood cells, leading to anemia.
People with sickle cell anemia often experience fatigue, chronic pain, and jaundice. They may also have a higher risk of infections and complications such as stroke, acute chest syndrome, and priapism. The disease is inherited from both parents, who must both be carriers of the sickle cell gene. It primarily affects people of African descent, but it can also affect people from other ethnic backgrounds.
There is no cure for sickle cell anemia, but treatments such as blood transfusions, medications to manage pain and prevent complications, and bone marrow transplantation can help improve quality of life for affected individuals. Regular medical care and monitoring are essential for managing the disease effectively.
Electrolytes are substances that, when dissolved in water, break down into ions that can conduct electricity. In the body, electrolytes are responsible for regulating various important physiological functions, including nerve and muscle function, maintaining proper hydration and acid-base balance, and helping to repair tissue damage.
The major electrolytes found in the human body include sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. These electrolytes are tightly regulated by various mechanisms, including the kidneys, which help to maintain their proper balance in the body.
When there is an imbalance of electrolytes in the body, it can lead to a range of symptoms and health problems. For example, low levels of sodium (hyponatremia) can cause confusion, seizures, and even coma, while high levels of potassium (hyperkalemia) can lead to heart arrhythmias and muscle weakness.
Electrolytes are also lost through sweat during exercise or illness, so it's important to replace them through a healthy diet or by drinking fluids that contain electrolytes, such as sports drinks or coconut water. In some cases, electrolyte imbalances may require medical treatment, such as intravenous (IV) fluids or medication.
Drinking behavior refers to the patterns and habits related to alcohol consumption. This can include the frequency, quantity, and context in which an individual chooses to drink alcohol. Drinking behaviors can vary widely among individuals and can be influenced by a variety of factors, including cultural norms, personal beliefs, mental health status, and genetic predisposition.
Problematic drinking behaviors can include heavy drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which is characterized by a pattern of alcohol use that involves problems controlling intake, being preoccupied with alcohol, continuing to use alcohol even when it causes problems, having to drink more to get the same effect, or having withdrawal symptoms when rapidly decreasing or stopping alcohol.
It's important to note that drinking behaviors can have significant impacts on an individual's health and well-being, as well as their relationships, work, and other aspects of their life. If you are concerned about your own drinking behavior or that of someone else, it is recommended to seek professional help from a healthcare provider or addiction specialist.
A hypertonic saline solution is a type of medical fluid that contains a higher concentration of salt (sodium chloride) than is found in the average person's blood. This solution is used to treat various medical conditions, such as dehydration, brain swelling, and increased intracranial pressure.
The osmolarity of a hypertonic saline solution typically ranges from 1500 to 23,400 mOsm/L, with the most commonly used solutions having an osmolarity of around 3000 mOsm/L. The high sodium concentration in these solutions creates an osmotic gradient that draws water out of cells and into the bloodstream, helping to reduce swelling and increase fluid volume in the body.
It is important to note that hypertonic saline solutions should be administered with caution, as they can cause serious side effects such as electrolyte imbalances, heart rhythm abnormalities, and kidney damage if not used properly. Healthcare professionals must carefully monitor patients receiving these solutions to ensure safe and effective treatment.
'Arabidopsis' is a genus of small flowering plants that are part of the mustard family (Brassicaceae). The most commonly studied species within this genus is 'Arabidopsis thaliana', which is often used as a model organism in plant biology and genetics research. This plant is native to Eurasia and Africa, and it has a small genome that has been fully sequenced. It is known for its short life cycle, self-fertilization, and ease of growth, making it an ideal subject for studying various aspects of plant biology, including development, metabolism, and response to environmental stresses.
I believe there may be a slight misunderstanding in your question. "Plant leaves" are not a medical term, but rather a general biological term referring to a specific organ found in plants.
Leaves are organs that are typically flat and broad, and they are the primary site of photosynthesis in most plants. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is essential for capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
While leaves do not have a direct medical definition, understanding their structure and function can be important in various medical fields, such as pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal plants) or environmental health. For example, certain plant leaves may contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic potential, while others may produce allergens or toxins that can impact human health.
"Cold temperature" is a relative term and its definition can vary depending on the context. In general, it refers to temperatures that are lower than those normally experienced or preferred by humans and other warm-blooded animals. In a medical context, cold temperature is often defined as an environmental temperature that is below 16Ā°C (60.8Ā°F).
Exposure to cold temperatures can have various physiological effects on the human body, such as vasoconstriction of blood vessels near the skin surface, increased heart rate and metabolic rate, and shivering, which helps to generate heat and maintain body temperature. Prolonged exposure to extreme cold temperatures can lead to hypothermia, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a drop in core body temperature below 35Ā°C (95Ā°F).
It's worth noting that some people may have different sensitivities to cold temperatures due to factors such as age, health status, and certain medical conditions. For example, older adults, young children, and individuals with circulatory or neurological disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of cold temperatures.
A "camel" is a large, even-toed ungulate that belongs to the genus Camelus in the family Camelidae. There are two species of camels: the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius), also known as the Arabian camel, which has one hump, and the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), which has two humps.
Camels are well adapted to life in arid environments and are native to the Middle East and Central Asia. They have long legs, large, flat feet that help them walk on sand, and a thick coat of hair that helps protect them from the sun and cold temperatures. Camels are also known for their ability to store fat in their humps, which they can convert into water and energy when food and water are scarce.
Camels have been domesticated for thousands of years and have played an important role in human history as transportation, pack animals, and sources of meat, milk, and wool. They are also used in traditional medicine and religious ceremonies in some cultures.
The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a collection of neurons located in the hypothalamus, near the optic chiasm, in the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating osmoregulation and fluid balance within the body through the production and release of vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Vasopressin is released into the bloodstream and acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption, thereby helping to maintain normal blood pressure and osmolarity. The supraoptic nucleus receives input from osmoreceptors in the circumventricular organs of the brain, which detect changes in the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid. When the osmolarity increases, such as during dehydration, the supraoptic nucleus is activated to release vasopressin and help restore normal fluid balance.
Additionally, the supraoptic nucleus also contains oxytocin-producing neurons, which play a role in social bonding, maternal behavior, and childbirth. Oxytocin is released into the bloodstream and acts on various tissues, including the uterus and mammary glands, to promote contraction and milk ejection.
Body fluids refer to the various liquids that can be found within and circulating throughout the human body. These fluids include, but are not limited to:
1. Blood: A fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body via the cardiovascular system. It is composed of red and white blood cells suspended in plasma.
2. Lymph: A clear-to-white fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system, helping to remove waste products, bacteria, and damaged cells from tissues while also playing a crucial role in the immune system.
3. Interstitial fluid: Also known as tissue fluid or extracellular fluid, it is the fluid that surrounds the cells in the body's tissues, allowing for nutrient exchange and waste removal between cells and blood vessels.
4. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): A clear, colorless fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord, providing protection, cushioning, and nutrients to these delicate structures while also removing waste products.
5. Pleural fluid: A small amount of lubricating fluid found in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall, allowing for smooth movement during respiration.
6. Pericardial fluid: A small amount of lubricating fluid found within the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, reducing friction during heart contractions.
7. Synovial fluid: A viscous, lubricating fluid found in joint spaces, allowing for smooth movement and protecting the articular cartilage from wear and tear.
8. Urine: A waste product produced by the kidneys, consisting of water, urea, creatinine, and various ions, which is excreted through the urinary system.
9. Gastrointestinal secretions: Fluids produced by the digestive system, including saliva, gastric juice, bile, pancreatic juice, and intestinal secretions, which aid in digestion, absorption, and elimination of food particles.
10. Reproductive fluids: Secretions from the male (semen) and female (cervical mucus, vaginal lubrication) reproductive systems that facilitate fertilization and reproduction.
Hypovolemia is a medical condition characterized by a decreased volume of circulating blood in the body, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation. This can occur due to various reasons such as bleeding, dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating, which result in a reduced amount of fluid in the intravascular space.
The severity of hypovolemia depends on the extent of fluid loss and can range from mild to severe. Symptoms may include thirst, dry mouth, weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and decreased urine output. Severe hypovolemia can lead to shock, organ failure, and even death if not treated promptly and effectively.
Salt tolerance, in a medical context, refers to the body's ability to maintain normal physiological functions despite high levels of salt (sodium chloride) in the system. While our kidneys usually regulate sodium levels, certain medical conditions such as some forms of kidney disease or heart failure can impair this process, leading to an accumulation of sodium in the body. Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to better handle higher salt intakes, but generally, a high-salt diet is discouraged due to risks of hypertension and other health issues for most people.
Antidiarrheals are a class of medications that are used to treat diarrhea. They work by either slowing down the movement of the gut or increasing the absorption of water and electrolytes in the intestines, which helps to thicken the stool and reduce the frequency of bowel movements.
Some common examples of antidiarrheal medications include loperamide (Imodium), diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil), and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol). These medications can be effective in managing acute diarrhea, but it's important to use them only as directed and for a limited period of time. Prolonged use or overuse of antidiarrheals can lead to serious side effects, such as constipation, dehydration, and dependence.
It's also worth noting that while antidiarrheals can help manage the symptoms of diarrhea, they do not address the underlying cause of the condition. If you have chronic or severe diarrhea, it's important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the root cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Diabetes Insipidus is a medical condition characterized by the excretion of large amounts of dilute urine (polyuria) and increased thirst (polydipsia). It is caused by a deficiency in the hormone vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH), which regulates the body's water balance.
In normal physiology, vasopressin is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to an increase in osmolality of the blood or a decrease in blood volume. This causes the kidneys to retain water and concentrate the urine. In Diabetes Insipidus, there is either a lack of vasopressin production (central diabetes insipidus) or a decreased response to vasopressin by the kidneys (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus).
Central Diabetes Insipidus can be caused by damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, such as from tumors, trauma, or surgery. Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus can be caused by genetic factors, kidney disease, or certain medications that interfere with the action of vasopressin on the kidneys.
Treatment for Diabetes Insipidus depends on the underlying cause. In central diabetes insipidus, desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of vasopressin, can be administered to replace the missing hormone. In nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, treatment may involve addressing the underlying kidney disease or adjusting medications that interfere with vasopressin action. It is important for individuals with Diabetes Insipidus to maintain adequate hydration and monitor their fluid intake and urine output.
Arginine vasopressin (AVP), also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a hormone produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance and blood pressure in the body.
AVP acts on the kidneys to promote water reabsorption, which helps maintain adequate fluid volume and osmotic balance in the body. It also constricts blood vessels, increasing peripheral vascular resistance and thereby helping to maintain blood pressure. Additionally, AVP has been shown to have effects on cognitive function, mood regulation, and pain perception.
Deficiencies or excesses of AVP can lead to a range of medical conditions, including diabetes insipidus (characterized by excessive thirst and urination), hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood), and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
Lactation disorders are conditions or problems that affect a woman's ability to breastfeed her baby. These disorders can make it difficult for the mother to produce enough milk, or cause pain and discomfort during breastfeeding. Some common lactation disorders include:
1. Insufficient Glandular Tissue (IGT): This condition occurs when a woman has limited breast tissue, which can make it difficult for her to produce enough milk to fully breastfeed her baby.
2. Engorgement: This happens when the breasts become overly full of milk, causing them to feel hard, swollen, and painful. Engorgement can make it difficult for the baby to latch on properly, which can lead to nipple damage and mastitis.
3. Mastitis: An infection of the breast tissue that can cause pain, redness, warmth, and flu-like symptoms. Mastitis often occurs when a milk duct becomes blocked, allowing bacteria to enter and infect the tissue.
4. Plugged Ducts: This condition occurs when a milk duct becomes clogged or blocked, causing milk to back up and leading to pain, swelling, and redness in the affected area.
5. Nipple Vasospasm: This is a painful spasm of the blood vessels in the nipples, which can cause burning, stinging, or throbbing sensations during or after breastfeeding.
6. Low Milk Supply: This condition occurs when a woman is unable to produce enough milk to meet her baby's needs. Low milk supply can have various causes, including hormonal imbalances, poor latch, and infrequent feedings.
7. Oversupply: This condition occurs when a woman produces too much milk, which can lead to engorgement, plugged ducts, and mastitis.
Prompt identification and management of lactation disorders are essential for ensuring the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Women who experience difficulty breastfeeding should consult their healthcare provider or a lactation consultant for guidance and support.
Arabidopsis proteins refer to the proteins that are encoded by the genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana plant, which is a model organism commonly used in plant biology research. This small flowering plant has a compact genome and a short life cycle, making it an ideal subject for studying various biological processes in plants.
Arabidopsis proteins play crucial roles in many cellular functions, such as metabolism, signaling, regulation of gene expression, response to environmental stresses, and developmental processes. Research on Arabidopsis proteins has contributed significantly to our understanding of plant biology and has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying various agronomic traits.
Some examples of Arabidopsis proteins include transcription factors, kinases, phosphatases, receptors, enzymes, and structural proteins. These proteins can be studied using a variety of techniques, such as biochemical assays, protein-protein interaction studies, and genetic approaches, to understand their functions and regulatory mechanisms in plants.
Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is a type of aquaporin, which is a water channel protein found in the membranes of cells. Specifically, AQP2 is located in the principal cells of the collecting ducts in the kidneys. It plays a crucial role in regulating water reabsorption and urine concentration by facilitating the movement of water across the cell membrane in response to the hormone vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone). When vasopressin binds to receptors on the cell surface, it triggers a cascade of intracellular signals that lead to the translocation of AQP2 water channels from intracellular vesicles to the apical membrane. This increases the permeability of the apical membrane to water, allowing for efficient reabsorption of water and concentration of urine. Dysfunction in AQP2 has been implicated in various kidney disorders, such as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Polyuria is a medical term that describes the production of large volumes of urine, typically defined as exceeding 2.5-3 liters per day in adults. This condition can lead to frequent urination, sometimes as often as every one to two hours, and often worsens during the night (nocturia). Polyuria is often a symptom of an underlying medical disorder such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus, rather than a disease itself. Other potential causes include kidney diseases, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and certain medications. Proper diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition are essential to manage polyuria effectively.
Plasma volume refers to the total amount of plasma present in an individual's circulatory system. Plasma is the fluid component of blood, in which cells and chemical components are suspended. It is composed mainly of water, along with various dissolved substances such as nutrients, waste products, hormones, gases, and proteins.
Plasma volume is a crucial factor in maintaining proper blood flow, regulating body temperature, and facilitating the transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other essential components throughout the body. The average plasma volume for an adult human is approximately 3 liters, but it can vary depending on factors like age, sex, body weight, and overall health status.
Changes in plasma volume can have significant effects on an individual's cardiovascular function and fluid balance. For example, dehydration or blood loss can lead to a decrease in plasma volume, while conditions such as heart failure or liver cirrhosis may result in increased plasma volume due to fluid retention. Accurate measurement of plasma volume is essential for diagnosing various medical conditions and monitoring the effectiveness of treatments.
Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte that is necessary for human health. In a medical context, sodium is often discussed in terms of its concentration in the blood, as measured by serum sodium levels. The normal range for serum sodium is typically between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).
Sodium plays a number of important roles in the body, including:
* Regulating fluid balance: Sodium helps to regulate the amount of water in and around your cells, which is important for maintaining normal blood pressure and preventing dehydration.
* Facilitating nerve impulse transmission: Sodium is involved in the generation and transmission of electrical signals in the nervous system, which is necessary for proper muscle function and coordination.
* Assisting with muscle contraction: Sodium helps to regulate muscle contractions by interacting with other minerals such as calcium and potassium.
Low sodium levels (hyponatremia) can cause symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and coma, while high sodium levels (hypernatremia) can lead to symptoms such as weakness, muscle cramps, and seizures. Both conditions require medical treatment to correct.
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a type of infrared spectroscopy that uses the Fourier transform mathematical technique to convert the raw data obtained from an interferometer into a more interpretable spectrum. This technique allows for the simultaneous collection of a wide range of wavelengths, resulting in increased sensitivity and speed compared to traditional dispersive infrared spectroscopy.
FTIR spectroscopy measures the absorption or transmission of infrared radiation by a sample as a function of frequency, providing information about the vibrational modes of the molecules present in the sample. This can be used for identification and quantification of chemical compounds, analysis of molecular structure, and investigation of chemical interactions and reactions.
In summary, FTIR spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that uses infrared radiation to study the vibrational properties of molecules, with increased sensitivity and speed due to the use of Fourier transform mathematical techniques and an interferometer.
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Genetically modified plants (GMPs) are plants that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits. These modifications can be made to enhance certain characteristics such as increased resistance to pests, improved tolerance to environmental stresses like drought or salinity, or enhanced nutritional content. The process often involves introducing genes from other organisms, such as bacteria or viruses, into the plant's genome. Examples of GMPs include Bt cotton, which has a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that makes it resistant to certain pests, and golden rice, which is engineered to contain higher levels of beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. It's important to note that genetically modified plants are subject to rigorous testing and regulation to ensure their safety for human consumption and environmental impact before they are approved for commercial use.
Dehydration
Dehydration reaction
Dehydration (disambiguation)
Osmotic dehydration
Terminal dehydration
Glycol dehydration
Management of dehydration
Food powder
Waste converter
2018 in Mexico
Close-Up Forever Summer concert deaths
Drying
Microtechnique
Oil production plant
Petroleum industry
Garlic powder
Instant soup
Eastern Regional Research Center
Nummular dermatitis
Andrew John Yellowbear Jr.
Water intoxication
National Historic Chemical Landmarks
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Dehydration - Wikipedia
Dehydration: MedlinePlus
Water-loss dehydration and aging
Dehydration (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth
Dehydration (for Teens) - Cook Children's
Causes of Dehydration
Dehydration: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Endothelium adapts to survive dehydration | Nature Reviews Nephrology
Dehydration is a real health threat | CNN
Dehydration - Symptoms & causes - Mayo Clinic
England's Cricket Captain Hospitalised Due to Severe Dehydration
what helps serious dehydration?
Dehydration Archives - The Frisky
Signs of dehydration in toddlers: Symptoms, causes, and treatment
Signs of Dehydration in Toddlers: Warning Signs
Dehydration
Warning on risks of driver dehydration
CDC H1N1 Flu | Caring for Someone Sick - Tips to Prevent Fluid Loss (Dehydration)
Dehydration | Rady Children's Hospital
Winter Dehydration
Symptoms, Causes & Dangers Of Dehydration | Holland & Barrett
What is Dehydration and Fatigue - Common Ailments
Beat the Heat: Tips to Keep Cool, Avoid Dehydration, & More
Preventing Dehydration - stack
The Health Dangers of Chronic Dehydration | Discover Magazine
Dehydration Lnked to Worsening Stroke Conditions
Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite
Watch Out for Dehydration on the Worksite: 5 Tips - Grainger KnowHow
Winter Dehydration in Horses
Study shows continuous dehydration kills cells during dry preservation
Prevent Dehydration6
- How Can We Prevent Dehydration? (kidshealth.org)
- Staying hydrated can help prevent dehydration, especially when someone is sick, physically active, or exposed to high temperatures. (childrensmn.org)
- If you're stuck in the wilderness without any water, you can prevent dehydration by monitoring your water supply and learning how to find water in the wild. (newstarget.com)
- Try these eight suggestions to prevent dehydration when SHTF and you don't have any more water. (newstarget.com)
- Water keeps you hydrated, while food is the body's main source of fuel and salts (electrolytes) - you need both to prevent dehydration. (adventuremedicalkits.com)
- Liquids not only help to prevent dehydration, but also are less likely than solid foods to stimulate further vomiting. (healthychildren.org)
Severe24
- Dehydration can be mild, or it can be severe enough to be life-threatening. (nih.gov)
- The symptoms of dehydration become increasingly severe with greater total body water loss. (wikipedia.org)
- Dehydration can be life-threatening when severe and lead to seizures or respiratory arrest, and also carries the risk of osmotic cerebral edema if rehydration is overly rapid. (wikipedia.org)
- Treatment for dehydration depends on how severe it is. (kidshealth.org)
- Kids with more severe dehydration may need treatment in the ER or hospital. (kidshealth.org)
- Dehydration can be mild or severe . (healthline.com)
- Severe dehydration needs to be treated in a hospital or emergency care setting. (healthline.com)
- The symptoms of dehydration differ depending on whether the condition is mild or severe. (healthline.com)
- Severe dehydration is a medical emergency. (healthline.com)
- For severe dehydration, hospitalization is sometimes necessary so that your child can be rehydrated with intravenous (IV) fluids. (healthychildren.org)
- If you or a loved one has a moderate to severe case of dehydration, you may need to go to the hospital to get IV fluids . (clevelandclinic.org)
- Left untreated, severe dehydration can be fatal. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Severe dehydration, however, is a medical emergency and must be treated with IV (intravenous) fluids in the hospital. (childrensmn.org)
- If you see signs of severe dehydration - such as extreme thirst, lack of sweating, rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, delirium, or unconsciousness - go to the emergency room immediately. (childrensmn.org)
- My dad is experiencing severe dehydration (stage 3b non small cell lung cancer). (cancer.org)
- If severe dehydration is verified by a physician, CSAC now has the ability to not approve a fighter to compete in that weight class in the future. (mmamania.com)
- Even mild dehydration can result in symptoms, but ongoing or severe dehydration can do serious damage. (relieve-migraine-headache.com)
- Dehydration can be mild, moderate, severe, or chronic depending on how much fluid your body's missing. (afpafitness.com)
- Many people who show signs of dehydrated may sometimes appear sweaty but as you go through the stages of dehydration - from mild to severe - skin will become drier. (afpafitness.com)
- This leads to discoloration of the urine or the inability to urinate at all (in cases of severe dehydration). (tx-urgentcare.com)
- This is considered a more severe symptom of dehydration, and it typically exists in conjunction with other symptoms. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- If the dehydration becomes severe to the point that it is life-threatening, it may be best to visit an emergency room rather than an urgent care center. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- Physical examination revealed a lethargic and irritable infant with severe dehydration. (who.int)
- Patients with severe dehydration, stupor, coma, uncontrollable vomiting, or extreme fatigue that prevents drinking should be rehydrated intravenously. (cdc.gov)
Fluids10
- The treatment for dehydration is to replace the fluids and electrolytes that you have lost. (nih.gov)
- You can usually treat mild dehydration by drinking more fluids. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Dehydration occurs when someone loses more fluids than he or she takes in. (childrensmn.org)
- Dehydration, or excessive loss of bodily fluids, is a common problem in a number of athletic endeavors, and it's often a problem that boaters experience. (nrs.com)
- In this column, I'll explain why fluids are important, what the signs and symptoms of dehydration are and offer tips on how to get enough fluids. (help4seniors.org)
- The senior population is especially at risk for dehydration because they often have a decreased sense of thirst that leads to decreased intake of fluids. (help4seniors.org)
- Because of the increased risk of dehydration for seniors, it's important to educate them and their families and caregivers about their need for fluids. (help4seniors.org)
- If there is a medical condition that limits the amount of fluids a senior can consume, be sure to consult with a physician or dietitian to understand the best approach for them to avoid dehydration. (help4seniors.org)
- Basically, dehydration means you're losing more fluids than you're taking in. (relieve-migraine-headache.com)
- If you have a fever, diarrhea, or vomiting, you're excreting additional fluids that can worsen dehydration. (afpafitness.com)
Causes of dehydration5
- In the elderly, blunted response to thirst or inadequate ability to access free water in the face of excess free water losses (especially hyperglycemia related) seem to be the main causes of dehydration. (wikipedia.org)
- Common causes of dehydration include inadequate fluid intake, diarrhea, fever, vomiting, excessive sweating due to hot temperatures or intense physical activity, and uncontrolled diabetes . (childrensmn.org)
- The causes of dehydration can vary per individual depending on certain lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors. (afpafitness.com)
- What are the causes of dehydration in adults? (tx-urgentcare.com)
- Excessive sweating is often the result of physical activity, and sports are among the leading causes of dehydration. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Diarrhea11
- Dehydration occurs when water intake does not replace free water lost due to normal physiologic processes, including breathing, urination, perspiration, or other causes, including diarrhea, and vomiting. (wikipedia.org)
- Dehydration in children usually is caused by vomiting , diarrhea , or both. (kidshealth.org)
- Illnesses that cause continuous vomiting or diarrhea can result in dehydration. (healthline.com)
- Dehydration happens when you don't drink enough water, or when you lose water quickly through, for example, sweating, vomiting and/or diarrhea. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Try to get rid of the cause of dehydration, such as vomiting , diarrhea , or fever . (cancer.org)
- Learn more about the related grant, Assessment of Dehydration in Children with Diarrhea in Resource-Limited Settings , supported by Fogarty's International Research Scientist Development Award (IRSDA) . (nih.gov)
- Watch babies, small children, and older adults closely for the early symptoms of dehydration anytime they have an illness that causes high fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. (uofmhealth.org)
- If your child - or elderly relative - has diarrhea or is vomiting, keep an eye out for any symptom of dehydration and contact a doctor immediately if you see them. (filterwater.com)
- Conditions like vomiting, diarrhea or high fever may increase your dehydration risk. (newstarget.com)
- Young children are most likely to experience diarrhea and vomiting which purges both water and electrolytes, increasing the chances of dehydration. (afpafitness.com)
- In addition, some digestive tract issues can make you more prone to diarrhea which is linked to dehydration. (afpafitness.com)
Urination4
- If you don't replace the fluid lost through excessive urination, you risk developing dehydration. (healthline.com)
- Look for increased activity, better appetite, more frequent urination, and the disappearance of any of the signs of dehydration. (healthychildren.org)
- Certain medications like diuretics (water pills) can result in increased urination and dehydration. (clevelandclinic.org)
- It is common for someone taking a diuretic to decrease the amount of water they drink to slow down the frequency of their urination or incontinence episodes, which can put them at higher risk of dehydration. (help4seniors.org)
Assessment of Dehydration1
- Clinical and laboratory assessment of dehydration severity in children with acute gastroenteritis. (medscape.com)
Urine4
- The hallmarks of dehydration include thirst and neurological changes such as headaches, general discomfort, loss of appetite, nausea, decreased urine volume (unless polyuria is the cause of dehydration), confusion, unexplained tiredness, purple fingernails, and seizures. (wikipedia.org)
- Urine specific gravity and other urinary indices: inaccurate tests for dehydration. (medscape.com)
- Someone with dehydration will produce very small amounts of dark yellow or amber-colored urine. (childrensmn.org)
- Other symptoms of dehydration include thirstiness, tiredness, and dark urine. (moviecultists.com)
Thirst5
- Mild dehydration is characterized by thirst and general discomfort and is usually resolved with oral rehydration. (wikipedia.org)
- Thirst can be a sign of dehydration (say: dee-hye-DRAY-shun). (kidshealth.org)
- In older adults, the same level of dehydration that normally triggers a thirst response may not. (aarp.org)
- In addition, seniors also experience a diminished sense of thirst that leads to a reduced fluid intake, making them more susceptible to dehydration. (adventuremedicalkits.com)
- Thirst is one of the primary indicators of dehydration. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Lead to dehydration2
- Taking medications like laxatives and diuretics (water pills) can also lead to dehydration. (help4seniors.org)
- Together, they can quickly lead to dehydration or heat stroke. (nih.gov)
Result of dehydration3
- The eventual result of dehydration, if left untreated, is death. (filterwater.com)
- The end goal is to prevent an athlete from dying as a result of dehydration. (mmamania.com)
- The skin can begin to dry out as a result of dehydration. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Effects of dehydration2
- The effects of dehydration can be seen across your entire body, from your brain to your skin. (livestrong.com)
- Many investigations have been carried out to study the effects of dehydration on physiological function. (grapplearts.com)
Moderate4
- Mild to moderate dehydration usually can be self-treated at home by drinking more liquids. (childrensmn.org)
- If you're dealing with a survival scenario and you experience symptoms of mild to moderate dehydration, drink water as soon as you can to see if your symptoms will disappear. (newstarget.com)
- This is supported by Foster (1995, p.66) who identified that "The body takes from 4 to 48 hours to fully recover from moderate dehydration, which means there isn't enough time between weigh-in and the match to ensure peak performance and health. (grapplearts.com)
- If you aren't urinating frequently and when you do it's a darker yellow, chances are you have moderate dehydration. (afpafitness.com)
Dizziness9
- If you're thirsty, you're already mildly dehydrated, and that can cause signs of dehydration like headache, fatigue, dizziness and more. (clevelandclinic.org)
- While sports dehydration symptoms may look different in individuals, some of the more common symptoms include shortness of breath, flushed skin and dizziness, according to the Cleveland Clinic . (livestrong.com)
- Does dehydration cause dizziness? (moviecultists.com)
- What does dehydration dizziness feel like? (moviecultists.com)
- One of the potential symptoms of dehydration is dizziness. (moviecultists.com)
- Dizziness is sometimes caused by dehydration. (moviecultists.com)
- Can slight dehydration cause dizziness? (moviecultists.com)
- If your dizziness is caused by overheating or dehydration, rest in a cool place and drink water or a sports drink (Gatorade, Powerade, others). (moviecultists.com)
- How long does dehydration Dizziness last? (moviecultists.com)
Usually treat mild dehydration1
- You can usually treat mild dehydration at home. (healthline.com)
Signs6
- What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Dehydration? (kidshealth.org)
- What Are the Signs of Dehydration? (kidshealth.org)
- You're already beginning to feel the signs of dehydration. (clevelandclinic.org)
- This review discusses in detail the various causes and signs of dehydration. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- Also, look for signs of dehydration during the winter months when heat in your home can create a lot of dry air. (nih.gov)
- Until your child feels better, remember to keep her hydrated, and call your pediatrician right away if she shows signs of dehydration. (healthychildren.org)
Older Adults3
- [ 36 ] For community-dwelling older adults dehydration may be prevented by educating them and their families or caregivers on the importance of hydration and the risk factors for dehydration. (medscape.com)
- Children and older adults should receive immediate treatment, even if they're experiencing symptoms of mild dehydration. (healthline.com)
- People most susceptible to dehydration are infants, children, older adults, and people with illnesses. (childrensmn.org)
Sign of dehydration2
- Another sign of dehydration is not peeing as much or having dark or strong-smelling pee (pee usually is a pale yellow color). (kidshealth.org)
- Recognizing a symptom as a sign of dehydration can literally save your child's life. (filterwater.com)
Cases of dehydration2
- Some cases of dehydration can be handled at home. (kidshealth.org)
- With milder cases of dehydration, all that may be needed is to give your child an electrolyte replacement solution according to your pediatrician's directions. (healthychildren.org)
Help with dehydration3
- It has the right amounts of water, sugar, and salt to help with dehydration. (kidshealth.org)
- Other liquids can help with dehydration. (kidshealth.org)
- To help with dehydration, drink plenty of water or diluted fruit juice, and limit coffee, tea, and soda. (moviecultists.com)
Symptom of dehydration1
- The primary symptom of dehydration is a dry mouth. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Intravenous2
- IV access, large bore if possible, or central venous access is useful, provided attempts to obtain it do not significantly delay transfer to the nearest emergency department (ED). A centrally placed catheter offers an avenue for vigorous rehydration, especially if means for intravenous (IV) access are difficult secondary to profound dehydration. (medscape.com)
- It was noticed that he continued to have dehydration despite being on intravenous fluid therapy. (who.int)
Excessive3
- Excessive sweating can cause dehydration since you lose a large amount of water. (healthline.com)
- Viscardi (1998) identifies that excessive dehydration can harm bodily functions, leading to kidney failure, heat stroke or heart attack, indeed in 1997, within a period of thirty-three days, three young American wrestlers tragically died whilst trying to 'make their weight' (Hickling, 1999). (grapplearts.com)
- Excessive sweating from exercise or heat worsens dehydration and also causes you to excrete vital minerals like sodium, potassium, and magnesium. (afpafitness.com)
Chronic9
- clarification needed] Risk factors for dehydration include but are not limited to: exerting oneself in hot and humid weather, habitation at high altitudes, endurance athletics, elderly adults, infants, children and people living with chronic illnesses. (wikipedia.org)
- Many medical experts contend, however, that as much as 75% of the American adult population suffers from chronic, low-level dehydration because we do not drink enough water on a regular basis. (filterwater.com)
- Knowing the symptoms of dehydration can help you figure out if you should be drinking more water - and get rid of headaches, chronic pain, constipation and a multitude of other health conditions that can be relieved with adequate levels of water in your body. (filterwater.com)
- Low-level chronic dehydration can increase an athlete's chance of heat injury, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. (filterwater.com)
- Those who suffer from chronic, low-level dehydration, in fact, may be so accustomed to their general feeling of malaise that they don't recognize a problem at all. (filterwater.com)
- Now, what is "chronic dehydration" ? (relieve-migraine-headache.com)
- It turns out that chronic dehydration are magic words that are probably thrown around a little too often. (relieve-migraine-headache.com)
- Unfortunately, more than 70% of Americans may suffer from chronic dehydration , according to doctors. (afpafitness.com)
- Chronic dehydration is a condition where dehydration lasts for longer periods of time. (afpafitness.com)
Susceptible3
- However, the exertion makes you susceptible to dehydration, which can make a hike less enjoyable and even dangerous. (adventuremedicalkits.com)
- They found the small species lose water faster than large, making them particularly susceptible to lethal dehydration. (yubanet.com)
- In addition, elderly people are more susceptible to dehydration if they take certain medications like diuretics. (afpafitness.com)
Fatigue4
- A Cochrane review on this subject defined water-loss dehydration as "people with serum osmolality of 295 mOsm/kg or more" and found that the main symptom in the elderly (people aged over 65) was fatigue. (wikipedia.org)
- Additionally muscle cramps, fatigue, and headaches can also be attributed to mild dehydration. (filterwater.com)
- Throwing dehydration into the mix could lead to more fatigue and muscle aches that come from the lack of water. (nailsmag.com)
- Sleeping for long hours without drinking or eating can only worsen the patient's condition, so it is important to seek urgent care when fatigue exists along with other symptoms of dehydration. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Treat dehydration3
- Urgent care centers can treat dehydration in adults, or they can determine if the symptoms are related to a different cause. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- How do doctors treat dehydration? (msdmanuals.com)
- Sports drinks aren't harmful, but they aren't the best liquid to treat dehydration. (msdmanuals.com)
Avoid dehydration1
- Individuals on the go, athletes and people exposed to high temperatures should increase their water intake to avoid dehydration. (healthline.com)
Infants1
- It's particularly dangerous for the elderly, who are often chronically in a state of mild dehydration, and young children and infants who can rapidly become seriously dehydrated during an illness. (filterwater.com)
Occurs2
- Dehydration occurs when your body loses too much fluid. (uofmhealth.org)
- In simplest terms, dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough water to function properly. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Electrolyte imbalance1
- Therapeutic efforts should be directed to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. (who.int)
Acute gastroenteritis2
- Validation of the clinical dehydration scale for children with acute gastroenteritis. (medscape.com)
- According to doctors, there is also an increase in dehydration cases coupled with acute gastroenteritis. (asianage.com)
Fever1
- No, dehydration doesn't typically lead to fever. (clevelandclinic.org)
Adults2
- But doctors say dehydration is a very real risk for all adults over age 65. (aarp.org)
- It is crucial to understand the causes and symptoms of dehydration in adults to know when to seek treatment and avoid a more serious health concern. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Mouth1
- Mild dehydration is treated with oral (by mouth) rehydration. (kidshealth.org)
Illnesses2
- Dehydration can happen along with heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. (kidshealth.org)
- Dehydration can contribute to life-threatening illnesses like heatstroke. (clevelandclinic.org)
Disorientation1
- Yes, dehydration can lead to disorientation and dehydration headaches . (clevelandclinic.org)
Malnourishment3
- A recent report published by the Care Quality Commission (CQC) found residents at a Cambridgeshire care home were at risk of dehydration and malnourishment, among other failings. (cambridge-news.co.uk)
- As Caryn Lieberman reports, the military is pointing to deaths resulting from dehydration and malnourishment, as well as from COVID-19. (globalnews.ca)
- Another report stated "there had been resident deaths due to dehydration and malnourishment" at Hawthorne Place Care Centre, also in North York. (globalnews.ca)
Prevention3
- Geriatric nurses and caregivers play a crucial role in the prevention of dehydration, as it has been shown that verbal prompting to drink between meals was effective in improving fluid intake in more cognitively impaired residents of LTCs. (medscape.com)
- Other dehydration prevention measures include having water easily reachable throughout the day, encouraging drinking water by repeating self-care actions like brushing teeth, allowing adequate time and supervision during meals, encouraging family members to participate in feeding, and registering fluid intake. (medscape.com)
- Prevention or identification and treatment of dehydration is important for everyone - and especially seniors - every single day. (help4seniors.org)
Exertion1
- Even without dehydration, exertion and heat put a dent in test subjects' performance, but water loss made the dent about twice as deep. (asianage.com)
Affects your brain1
- But dehydration affects your brain in more surprising ways, too. (livestrong.com)
Body15
- Dehydration is a condition caused by the loss of too much fluid from the body . (nih.gov)
- In physiology, dehydration is a lack of total body water, with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes. (wikipedia.org)
- A body water loss of 1-2%, considered mild dehydration, is shown to impair cognitive performance. (wikipedia.org)
- In humans, dehydration can be caused by a wide range of diseases and states that impair water homeostasis in the body. (wikipedia.org)
- Dehydration is when there is not enough water in the body. (kidshealth.org)
- Dehydration means that your body doesn't have enough water in it to keep it working right. (kidshealth.org)
- Dehydration takes place when your body loses more fluid than you drink. (healthline.com)
- Any situation or condition that causes the body to lose more water than usual leads to dehydration. (healthline.com)
- Dehydration is the absence of enough water in your body. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Dehydration is a condition in which you lose so much body fluid that your body can't function normally. (clevelandclinic.org)
- When you don't have enough fluid in your body or do not have enough where it's needed in the body it is called dehydration . (cancer.org)
- As a result, the amount of blood fluid in your body decreases and blood flow slows as dehydration sets in. (moviecultists.com)
- Dehydration prevents your body from creating enough saliva. (afpafitness.com)
- Dehydration is having too little water in your body. (msdmanuals.com)
- Dehydration is a term used when the body loses so much water that it can no longer function efficiently. (healthychildren.org)
Rapid4
- Low blood pressure and rapid heart rate can indicate dehydration. (healthline.com)
- Taken to the extreme, rapid weight loss when achieved through dehydration can be fatal. (grapplearts.com)
- In the hours preceding the official weigh-in, all three wrestlers engaged in a similar rapid weight-loss regimen that promoted dehydration through perspiration and resulted in hyperthermia. (cdc.gov)
- Water is used in the lungs and nasal passages, and dehydration can lead to rapid breathing. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Urinate1
- Your kidneys need water to function properly, and kidney failure caused by dehydration starts with a signal from your brain to urinate less. (newstarget.com)
Liquids1
- Kids with mild dehydration can get extra liquids at home. (kidshealth.org)
Rehydration1
- DripDrop Hydration , a leading rehydration therapy company, partnered with the National Volunteer Fire Council (NVFC) to provide the nation's volunteer firefighters with dehydration relief. (nvfc.org)
Treatment5
- Dehydration is a serious condition that demands immediate treatment. (filterwater.com)
- Children and the elderly need immediate medical treatment even if they only show symptoms of mild dehydration. (newstarget.com)
- However, it is not the only clue, as there are other indicators that should be considered when determining if a trip to urgent care for dehydration treatment is warranted. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- If you are experiencing multiple symptoms of dehydration, it is crucial that you visit an urgent care center for treatment. (tx-urgentcare.com)
- Dehydration is considered an immediate health concern that requires prompt care, so treatment from an urgent care center, rather than scheduling a visit with a primary care doctor, is typically recommended. (tx-urgentcare.com)
Cognitive1
- Although the mechanism isn't fully understood, dehydration is linked to a decrease in mood and cognitive performance. (livestrong.com)
Risk Factors1
- What are the risk factors for dehydration? (clevelandclinic.org)
Water8
- Dehydration contributes to morbidity in the elderly population, especially during conditions that promote insensible free water losses, such as hot weather. (wikipedia.org)
- The most quickly seen effect of not getting enough water in your diet is dehydration. (filterwater.com)
- In particular, dehydration of flue gas originated in the production of electricity by coal-fired power plants, has a great interest due to the energy saving in power plants and reduction of diffusion of pollutants through water. (databasefootball.com)
- Particularly, polysaccharides, such as alginate and chitosan, have been tried for solvent dehydration due to their high affinity for water, solvent resistance, and high separation performance. (databasefootball.com)
- These membranes were applied in ethanol dehydration with a higher transport performance (similar to PERVAPĀ® 4101 commercial membrane), but an irreversible swelling in the presence of water was noticed, compromising long-term operation. (databasefootball.com)
- On the contrary, these hybrid membranes exhibited high selectivity to water vapor and showed a good stability during H 2 O/N 2 separation, constituting potential candidates for other industrial gas dehydration processes, such as biogas and flue gas. (databasefootball.com)
- Dehydration is your body's negative reaction to having a water deficiency. (afpafitness.com)
- After only three hours of dehydration, plants without CLE25 already showed 7 times less leaf ABA and had lost more water than control plants. (isaaa.org)
Intake1
- Epidemiologic studies link high salt intake and conditions predisposing to dehydration such as diabetes and old age to increased risk of CVD. (nih.gov)