Presence of pus in a hollow organ or body cavity.
Suppurative inflammation of the pleural space.
An intracranial or rarely intraspinal suppurative process invading the space between the inner surface of the DURA MATER and the outer surface of the ARACHNOID.
Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS.
Surgical procedure involving the creation of an opening (stoma) into the chest cavity for drainage; used in the treatment of PLEURAL EFFUSION; PNEUMOTHORAX; HEMOTHORAX; and EMPYEMA.
Presence of fluid in the pleural cavity resulting from excessive transudation or exudation from the pleural surfaces. It is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis in itself.
'Pleural diseases' is a broad term referring to various medical conditions that affect the pleura, the thin, double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs, including inflammation (pleurisy), effusions (excess fluid buildup), thickening, or tumors, which may cause chest pain, coughing, and breathing difficulties.
The removal of fluids or discharges from the body, such as from a wound, sore, or cavity.
Plastic tubes used for drainage of air or fluid from the pleural space. Their surgical insertion is called tube thoracostomy.
Endoscopic surgery of the pleural cavity performed with visualization via video transmission.
An abnormal passage or communication between a bronchus and another part of the body.
The thin serous membrane enveloping the lungs (LUNG) and lining the THORACIC CAVITY. Pleura consist of two layers, the inner visceral pleura lying next to the pulmonary parenchyma and the outer parietal pleura. Between the two layers is the PLEURAL CAVITY which contains a thin film of liquid.
Surgical incision into the chest wall.
Surgical removal of ribs, allowing the chest wall to move inward and collapse a diseased lung. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the lung parenchyma as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents.
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the pleural cavity.
Abnormal communication most commonly seen between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface of the body.
An abnormal passage communicating between any component of the respiratory tract or between any part of the respiratory system and surrounding organs.
Paired but separate cavity within the THORACIC CAVITY. It consists of the space between the parietal and visceral PLEURA and normally contains a capillary layer of serous fluid that lubricates the pleural surfaces.
The excision of lung tissue including partial or total lung lobectomy.
The administration of therapeutic agents drop by drop, as eye drops, ear drops, or nose drops. It is also administered into a body space or cavity through a catheter. It differs from THERAPEUTIC IRRIGATION in that the irrigate is removed within minutes, but the instillate is left in place.
Hemorrhage within the pleural cavity.
Abnormal passage communicating with the STOMACH.

DECORTICATION OF THE LUNG. (1/20)

Excision of an empyema sac and thickened pleura from the lung and chest wall has been performed for over 70 years. The most appropriate fields of application of this procedure are in treatment of tuberculous empyema, empyema complicating pneumonic processes (most frequently caused by staphylococcal infection), and clotted hemothorax following chest injury. The authors' experience with 33 such decortications in the past five years is described, observations concerning the techniques, complications, and end results of the procedure are discussed, and illustrative case reports are presented.  (+info)

Miliary tuberculosis as a cause of acute empyema. (2/20)

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis are known, life-threatening complications of miliary tuberculosis. This report describes a patient with miliary tuberculosis who rapidly developed an acute tuberculous empyema. She had a fulminant course culminating in ARDS, sepsis and subsequent death. This case highlights the rare association of acute empyema with miliary tuberculosis.  (+info)

Endobronchial tuberculosis complicated with Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia and empyema in a child. (3/20)

Childhood tuberculosis might have unusual clinical presentation. A seven-year-old female patient was admitted with fever and pleural effusion. Her pneumonia resolved following 21-day treatment period. An atelectatic appearance remained on the right middle zone in her chest X-ray. Tuberculin skin test showed 13 mm induration. Triple drug antituberculosis treatment was started. Since atelectasis persisted on her follow-up radiograph one month later, bronchoscopy was performed which revealed a hemorrhagic polypoid mass occluding the right upper lobe anterior segment orifice. Surgical removal was performed by right upper lobectomy. The pathological diagnosis was necrotizing granulomatous infection suggesting tuberculosis. The patient has been well on follow-up after completing a nine-month course of antituberculous treatment.  (+info)

Change in pulmonary function following empyemectomy and decortication in tuberculous and non-tuberculous chronic empyema thoracis. (4/20)

Chronic empyema thoracis results from various etiologies. Improvement in pulmonary function after empyemectomy and decortication has proved difficult to predict when the etiology of chronic empyema thoracis is tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to confirm the changes in pulmonary function according to the etiology after an operation. Sixty-five patients were classified into two groups according to their etiology: Group A (tuberculous) and Group B (non-tuberculous), and they were retrospectively evaluated with regard to their forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), percentage of predicted normal value of FEV1 (% FEV1) and FVC (%FVC). Empyemectomy and decortication was performed for all the patients and the two groups were similar in age, gender and preoperative spirometric parameters. In Group A (n=41), the pre- and postoperative mean values were 2.31 L and 2.8 L in FEV1, 65.8% and 80.5% in %FEV1, 2.62 L and 2.55 L in VC, 61.9% and 71.8% in %VC, respectively. In Group B (n=24), the pre- and postoperative mean values were 2.13 L and 2.49 L in FEV1, 66.4% and 73.8% in %FEV1, 2.55 L and 2.95 L in FVC, 64.9% and 71.8% in %FVC, respectively. All the spirometric parameters improved significantly in both groups compared to their preoperative values. However, no significance was shown in the rate of increase of the spirometric parameters between the two groups. In conclusion, improvement of lung function is expected after empyemectomy and decortication, regardless of the etiology of the chronic empyema thoracis.  (+info)

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of empyema thoracis in 117 patients: a comparative analysis of tuberculous vs. non-tuberculous aetiologies. (5/20)

BACKGROUND: Empyema thoracis remains a major problem in developing countries. Clinical outcomes in tuberculous empyema are generally believed to be worse than in non-tuberculous aetiologies because of the presence of concomitant fibrocavitary parenchymal disease, frequent bronchopleural fistulae and poor general condition of patients. We performed a prospective study over a 2-year period with the objective of comparing the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with tuberculous vs. non-tuberculous empyema. METHODS: Prospective study of all cases of non-surgical thoracic empyema seen at a tertiary care centre in North India over a 2-year period. A comparative analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment modalities and outcomes of patients with tuberculous vs. non-tuberculous empyema was carried out. Factors associated with poor outcomes were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen cases of empyema were seen in the study period of which 95 had non-tuberculous and 41 had tuberculous empyema. Malnutrition and bronchopleural fistulae (BPF) were more common and duration of symptoms longer in the tuberculous empyema group. Time to resolution of fever, duration of pleural drainage and pleural thickening >2 cm were significantly greater as well. Eight (10.5%) patients with non-tuberculous empyema and four (9.8%) with tuberculous empyema succumbed. Presence of a BPF was significantly associated with poor outcomes on multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculous empyema remains a common cause of thoracic empyema in India though it ranked second amongst all causes of empyema after community acquired lung infections in this study. Tuberculous empyema is associated with longer duration of symptoms, greater duration of pleural drainage and more residual pleural fibrosis.  (+info)

Pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied by a transient increase in serum carcinoembryonic antigen level with tuberculous empyema drainage. (6/20)

We present a case of pleural effusion with encapsulation that was observed in the right thorax of a patient. PCR analysis of the patient's pleural effusion showed positivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After six months, his chest CT showed the development of niveau and pulmonary consolidation. We definitively diagnosed him as having chronic pulmonary tuberculosis with tuberculous empyema drainage. At the time of his hospital admission, his serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was elevated. After we started treatment using antituberculosis drugs, the infiltration shadow in his lung fields disappeared, and the serum CEA level decreased. The results suggest that the serum CEA level reflects the extent of the development of pulmonary tuberculosis lesions.  (+info)

Treatment of a tuberculous empyema with simultaneous oral and intrapleural antituberculosis drugs. (7/20)

A 71-year-old man was diagnosed with an uncomplicated tuberculous (TB) empyema. Differential penetration of anti-TB drugs, believed to explain the phenomenon of acquired drug resistance in TB empyema, was confirmed by measurement of serum and pleural fluid anti-TB drug concentrations. Simultaneous oral and intrapleural anti-TB drugs were administered and a cure was achieved. The present case is discussed in the context of the literature on acquired drug resistance in TB empyema. It is argued that high-end doses of oral drugs or combined oral plus intrapleural drugs, along with tube thoracostomy or intermittent thoracentesis, will cure uncomplicated TB empyema without threatening to induce drug resistance or having to resort to surgery.  (+info)

Occult tuberculous postpneumonectomy space empyema four years after lung resection. (8/20)

We describe a patient in whom a tuberculous postpneumonectomy empyema developed 4 years after resection for lung cancer. The clinical presentation was dominated by non-specific constitutional symptoms, without any chest complaints. A computed tomographic scan of the chest suggested inflammation in the postpneumonectomy space. Ultimately Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from material aspirated by needle thoracocentesis. To our knowledge this is the first report of a tuberculous postpneumonectomy empyema complicating resection for cancer.  (+info)

Empyema is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of pus in a body cavity, most commonly in the pleural space surrounding the lungs. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection that spreads from the lung tissue to the pleural space. The buildup of pus can cause chest pain, cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Empyema can be a complication of pneumonia or other respiratory infections, and it may require treatment with antibiotics, drainage of the pus, and sometimes surgery.

Empyema is a collection of pus in a body cavity. Pleural empyema refers to the presence of pus in the pleural space, which is the thin fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. This condition usually develops as a complication of pneumonia or lung infection, and it can cause symptoms such as chest pain, cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to treat the underlying infection, as well as drainage of the pus from the pleural space through procedures such as thoracentesis or chest tube placement. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the infected pleura and prevent recurrence.

Empyema subdural is a medical condition characterized by the presence of pus (purulent material) in the potential space between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane of the brain. This space is called the subdural space. Empyema subdural can result from an infection that spreads from nearby areas such as the skull, face, or sinuses, or it can occur as a complication of neurosurgical procedures.

The symptoms of empyema subdural may include headache, altered mental status, fever, seizures, and neurological deficits depending on the severity and location of the infection. Diagnosis is usually made with the help of imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and treatment typically involves surgical drainage of the pus along with antibiotic therapy to eliminate the underlying infection. If left untreated, empyema subdural can lead to serious complications such as brain abscess, meningitis, or even death.

Tuberculous empyema is a specific type of empyema, which is a collection of pus in the pleural space (the space between the lungs and the chest wall). It is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium, which is the same bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) of the lungs.

In tuberculous empyema, the bacteria spread from the lungs to the pleural space, where they cause an infection and inflammation. This can lead to the accumulation of pus and the development of a chronic empyema. Symptoms may include chest pain, cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Treatment typically involves a prolonged course of multiple antibiotics to kill the bacteria, as well as drainage of the pus from the pleural space. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the infected tissue and prevent recurrence.

Thoracostomy is a surgical procedure that involves the creation of an opening into the chest cavity to relieve excessive pressure, drain fluid or air accumulation, or provide access for surgery. It is commonly performed to treat conditions such as pneumothorax (collapsed lung), hemothorax (blood in the chest cavity), pleural effusion (excess fluid in the pleural space), and empyema (pus in the pleural space).

During a thoracostomy, a healthcare professional makes an incision on the chest wall and inserts a tube called a thoracostomy tube or chest tube. The tube is connected to a drainage system that helps remove the air, fluid, or blood from the chest cavity. This procedure can be performed as an emergency treatment or as a planned surgical intervention.

The medical definition of thoracostomy includes the following key components:

1. A surgical procedure
2. Involving the creation of an opening
3. Into the chest cavity (thorax)
4. To relieve pressure, drain fluids or air, or provide access for surgery
5. Often performed with the insertion of a thoracostomy tube or chest tube
6. Used to treat various conditions related to the pleural space and lungs

Pleural effusion is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which is the thin, fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall. This space typically contains a small amount of fluid to allow for smooth movement of the lungs during breathing. However, when an excessive amount of fluid accumulates, it can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain.

Pleural effusions can be caused by various underlying medical conditions, including pneumonia, heart failure, cancer, pulmonary embolism, and autoimmune disorders. The fluid that accumulates in the pleural space can be transudative or exudative, depending on the cause of the effusion. Transudative effusions are caused by increased pressure in the blood vessels or decreased protein levels in the blood, while exudative effusions are caused by inflammation, infection, or cancer.

Diagnosis of pleural effusion typically involves a physical examination, chest X-ray, and analysis of the fluid in the pleural space. Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the effusion and may include medications, drainage of the fluid, or surgery.

Pleural diseases refer to conditions that affect the pleura, which is the thin, double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall. The space between these two layers contains a small amount of fluid that helps the lungs move smoothly during breathing. Pleural diseases can cause inflammation, infection, or abnormal collections of fluid in the pleural space, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, cough, and difficulty breathing.

Some common examples of pleural diseases include:

1. Pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura that causes sharp chest pain, often worsened by breathing or coughing.
2. Pleural effusion: An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which can be caused by various underlying conditions such as heart failure, pneumonia, cancer, or autoimmune disorders.
3. Empyema: A collection of pus in the pleural space, usually resulting from a bacterial infection.
4. Pleural thickening: Scarring and hardening of the pleura, which can restrict lung function and cause breathlessness.
5. Mesothelioma: A rare form of cancer that affects the pleura, often caused by exposure to asbestos.
6. Pneumothorax: A collection of air in the pleural space, which can result from trauma or a rupture of the lung tissue.

Proper diagnosis and treatment of pleural diseases require a thorough evaluation by a healthcare professional, often involving imaging tests such as chest X-rays or CT scans, as well as fluid analysis or biopsy if necessary.

Drainage, in medical terms, refers to the removal of excess fluid or accumulated collections of fluids from various body parts or spaces. This is typically accomplished through the use of medical devices such as catheters, tubes, or drains. The purpose of drainage can be to prevent the buildup of fluids that may cause discomfort, infection, or other complications, or to treat existing collections of fluid such as abscesses, hematomas, or pleural effusions. Drainage may also be used as a diagnostic tool to analyze the type and composition of the fluid being removed.

Chest tubes are medical devices that are inserted into the chest cavity to drain fluid, air, or blood. They are typically used to treat conditions such as pneumothorax (collapsed lung), hemothorax (blood in the chest cavity), pleural effusion (excess fluid in the chest cavity), and chylothorax (milky fluid in the chest cavity).

Chest tubes are usually inserted between the ribs and directed into the chest cavity, allowing for drainage of the affected area. The tubes are connected to a collection system that creates negative pressure, which helps to remove the air or fluid from the chest cavity.

The size and number of chest tubes used may vary depending on the severity and location of the condition being treated. Chest tubes are typically removed once the underlying condition has been resolved and the drainage has decreased to a minimal amount.

Thoracic surgery, video-assisted (VATS) is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to diagnose and treat various conditions related to the chest cavity, including the lungs, pleura, mediastinum, esophagus, and diaphragm. In VATS, a thoracoscope, a type of endoscope with a camera and light source, is inserted through small incisions in the chest wall to provide visualization of the internal structures. The surgeon then uses specialized instruments to perform the necessary surgical procedures, such as biopsies, lung resections, or esophageal repairs. Compared to traditional open thoracic surgery, VATS typically results in less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recoveries for patients.

A bronchial fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between the bronchial tree (the airways in the lungs) and the surrounding tissues, such as the pleural space (the space between the lungs and the chest wall), blood vessels, or other organs. This condition can result from various causes, including lung injury, infection, surgery, or certain diseases such as cancer or tuberculosis.

Bronchial fistulas can lead to symptoms like coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. They may also cause air leaks, pneumothorax (collapsed lung), or chronic infections. Treatment for bronchial fistulas depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition but often involves surgical repair or closure of the abnormal connection.

The pleura is the medical term for the double-layered serous membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the inside of the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are called the parietal pleura, which lines the chest cavity, and the visceral pleura, which covers the surface of the lungs.

The space between these two layers is called the pleural cavity, which contains a small amount of lubricating fluid that allows the lungs to move smoothly within the chest during breathing. The main function of the pleura is to protect the lungs and facilitate their movement during respiration.

Thoracotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision on the chest wall to gain access to the thoracic cavity, which contains the lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and other vital organs. The incision can be made on the side (lateral thoracotomy), back (posterolateral thoracotomy), or front (median sternotomy) of the chest wall, depending on the specific surgical indication.

Thoracotomy is performed for various indications, including lung biopsy, lung resection, esophagectomy, heart surgery, and mediastinal mass removal. The procedure allows the surgeon to directly visualize and access the organs within the thoracic cavity, perform necessary procedures, and control bleeding if needed.

After the procedure, the incision is typically closed with sutures or staples, and a chest tube may be placed to drain any accumulated fluid or air from the pleural space around the lungs. The patient will require postoperative care and monitoring in a hospital setting until their condition stabilizes.

Thoracoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves the removal or collapse of one or more ribs and the attached muscles from the chest wall. This procedure is typically performed to correct a deformity or to remove infected tissue in the chest cavity, such as in cases of chronic empyema (a collection of pus in the pleural space) or tuberculosis.

The removal of ribs can also help to reduce the size of an overexpanded lung, which can occur due to conditions like COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or a bronchopleural fistula (an abnormal connection between the airways and the pleural space). Thoracoplasty can also be used for cosmetic purposes, such as in the treatment of pectus excavatum (a deformity where the breastbone is sunken into the chest).

A lung abscess is a localized collection of pus in the lung parenchyma caused by an infectious process, often due to bacterial infection. It's characterized by necrosis and liquefaction of pulmonary tissue, resulting in a cavity filled with purulent material. The condition can develop as a complication of community-acquired or nosocomial pneumonia, aspiration of oral secretions containing anaerobic bacteria, septic embolism, or contiguous spread from a nearby infected site.

Symptoms may include cough with foul-smelling sputum, chest pain, fever, weight loss, and fatigue. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques such as chest X-ray or CT scan, along with microbiological examination of the sputum to identify the causative organism(s). Treatment often includes antibiotic therapy tailored to the identified pathogen(s), as well as supportive care such as bronchoscopy, drainage, or surgery in severe cases.

Thoracoscopy is a surgical procedure in which a thoracoscope, a type of endoscope, is inserted through a small incision between the ribs to examine the lungs and pleural space (the space surrounding the lungs). It allows the surgeon to directly view the chest cavity, take biopsies, and perform various operations. This procedure is often used in the diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusions, lung cancer, and other chest conditions.

A fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between two organs, vessels, or body parts that usually do not connect. It can form as a result of injury, infection, surgery, or disease. A fistula can occur anywhere in the body but commonly forms in the digestive system, genital area, or urinary system. The symptoms and treatment options for a fistula depend on its location and underlying cause.

A respiratory tract fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between the respiratory tract (which includes the nose, throat, windpipe, and lungs) and another organ or structure, such as the skin, digestive tract, or blood vessels. This condition can lead to complications such as air leakage, infection, and difficulty breathing. The causes of respiratory tract fistulas vary and can include trauma, surgery, infection, or cancer. Treatment depends on the location and severity of the fistula and may involve surgical repair, antibiotics, or other therapies.

The pleural cavity is the potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura, which are the two membranes that surround the lungs. The visceral pleura covers the outside of the lungs, while the parietal pleura lines the inside of the chest wall. Under normal conditions, these two layers are in contact with each other, and the space between them is virtually nonexistent. However, when air, fluid or inflammation accumulates within this space, it results in the formation of a pleural effusion, which can cause discomfort and difficulty breathing.

A pneumonectomy is a surgical procedure in which an entire lung is removed. This type of surgery is typically performed as a treatment for certain types of lung cancer, although it may also be used to treat other conditions such as severe damage or infection in the lung that does not respond to other treatments. The surgery requires general anesthesia and can be quite complex, with potential risks including bleeding, infection, pneumonia, and air leaks. Recovery from a pneumonectomy can take several weeks, and patients may require ongoing rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility.

Instillation, in the context of drug administration, refers to the process of introducing a medication or therapeutic agent into a body cavity or onto a mucous membrane surface using gentle, steady pressure. This is typically done with the help of a device such as an eyedropper, pipette, or catheter. The goal is to ensure that the drug is distributed evenly over the surface or absorbed through the mucous membrane for localized or systemic effects. Instillation can be used for various routes of administration including ocular (eye), nasal, auricular (ear), vaginal, and intra-articular (joint space) among others. The choice of instillation as a route of administration depends on the drug's properties, the desired therapeutic effect, and the patient's overall health status.

Hemothorax is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood in the pleural space, which is the area between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of blood can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, rupture of a blood vessel, or complications from lung or heart surgery.

The buildup of blood in the pleural space can cause the affected lung to collapse, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. In severe cases, hemothorax can be life-threatening if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Treatment options may include chest tube drainage, blood transfusion, or surgery, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition.

A gastric fistula is an abnormal connection or passage between the stomach and another organ or the skin surface. This condition can occur as a result of complications from surgery, injury, infection, or certain diseases such as cancer. Symptoms may include persistent drainage from the site of the fistula, pain, malnutrition, and infection. Treatment typically involves surgical repair of the fistula and management of any underlying conditions.

It was originally intended to aid with drainage of tuberculous empyemas, since at the time there were no effective medications ... Prior to the development of the Eloesser flap in the 1930s, the main surgical treatments for chronic tuberculous empyema were ... doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(43)90247-8. Eloesser, Leo (1969). "Of an Operation for Tuberculous Empyema". The Annals of Thoracic ... "An operation for tuberculous empyema". Chest. 1 (8): 8-23. doi:10.1378/chest.1.8.8. ISSN 0012-3692. Brown, A.Lincoln (1943). " ...
ELOESSER, L. (1935-10-01). "An Operation For Tuberculous Empyema". Diseases of the Chest. 1 (8): 8-23. doi:10.1378/chest.1.8.8 ... "Of an Operation for Tuberculous Empyema". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 8 (4): 355-357. doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(10)66250-9. ...
... complicating another condition, such as tuberculous pleuritis, empyema, or acute haemothorax often spontaneously ... Fibrothorax may occur as a complication of many diseases, including infection of the pleural space known as an empyema or ... Anti-TGF-β antibodies prevent fibrothorax in empyema in animal models. A fibrothorax can typically be diagnosed by taking an ... Symptoms of the underlying problem are sometimes seen, for example, fever in cases of empyema. Fibrothorax is often a ...
... empyema MeSH C01.539.830.305.310 - empyema, pleural MeSH C01.539.830.305.310.320 - empyema, tuberculous MeSH C01.539.830.305. ... empyema, pleural MeSH C01.539.739.484.320 - empyema, tuberculous MeSH C01.539.739.969 - whooping cough MeSH C01.539.757.720 - ... empyema, tuberculous MeSH C01.252.410.040.552.846.899 - tuberculosis, pulmonary MeSH C01.252.410.040.552.846.899.669 - ... empyema, subdural MeSH C01.252.200.250 - epidural abscess MeSH C01.252.200.450 - lyme neuroborreliosis MeSH C01.252.200.500 - ...
... empyema, tuberculous MeSH C08.618.085.852 - sleep apnea syndromes MeSH C08.618.085.852.800 - sleep apnea, central MeSH C08.618. ... empyema, tuberculous MeSH C08.528.652.700 - pleural effusion, malignant MeSH C08.528.694.700 - pleural effusion, malignant MeSH ... empyema, tuberculous MeSH C08.730.368.351 - epiglottitis MeSH C08.730.382.380 - legionnaires' disease MeSH C08.730.435.090 - ... empyema, tuberculous MeSH C08.730.939.669 - silicotuberculosis MeSH C08.785.520.140 - carcinoma, bronchogenic MeSH C08.785. ...
... except tuberculous 511.9 Pleural effusion, NOS 512 Pneumothorax 512.8 Pneumothorax, spontaneous 513 Abscess of lung and ... Acute pulmonary manifestations due to radiation 508.1 Chronic and other pulmonary manifestations due to radiation 510 Empyema ... with effusion with a bacterial cause other than tuberculosis 511.8 Other specified forms of pleural effusion except tuberculous ...
He published papers on the nature of heart murmurs, and the successful treatment of pleural empyema by aspiration. He later ... Their infant son Ivan died of tuberculosis during the epidemic of tuberculous mastitis which had a particularly high incidence ...
Codeine-based cough syrups to control the cough There may be a role for the use of corticosteroids (for tuberculous pleurisy), ... This is called an empyema. Pleural effusion involving fibrinous exudates in the fluid may be called fibrinous pleurisy, which ...
Learn about Empyema, Tuberculous at online-medical-dictionary.org ... Tuberculous. Empyemas, Tuberculous. Tuberculous Empyema. ... Empyema, Tuberculous. Synonyms. Empyema, Pleural, ...
It was originally intended to aid with drainage of tuberculous empyemas, since at the time there were no effective medications ... Prior to the development of the Eloesser flap in the 1930s, the main surgical treatments for chronic tuberculous empyema were ... doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(43)90247-8. Eloesser, Leo (1969). "Of an Operation for Tuberculous Empyema". The Annals of Thoracic ... "An operation for tuberculous empyema". Chest. 1 (8): 8-23. doi:10.1378/chest.1.8.8. ISSN 0012-3692. Brown, A.Lincoln (1943). " ...
Empyema,. *Tuberculous effusions,. *Hemothorax,. *Post-cardiac surgery,. *Chronic hemodialysis; and. *Other medical conditions ...
Tuberculous empyema is a much less common finding.. In postprimary tuberculosis, the earliest radiologic sign is small nodules ... Pleural effusions may occur and may progress to empyema. An empyema may require emergent surgical intervention because the ... Tuberculous bronchial stenosis: CT findings in 28 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1990 Nov. 155(5):971-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Empyemas demonstrate the so-called split pleura sign. This sign consists of the pleural fluid collection tracking between the ...
Tuberculous empyema, with or without a bronchopleural fistula, may complicate extensive parenchymal disease. The physical ... Separating Tuberculous Infection from Reactions Created by Other Causes. Factors That Cause Persons to Be Falsely Classified as ... Tuberculous involvement of the hilar or mediastinal nodes is usually unilateral. Lymph node changes tend to persist longer than ... 2. Tuberculous infection, no disease. Persons in this class have a positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test, negative ...
can cause empyema in cases suffering from chronic tuberculous empyema; moreover, despite the successful completion of treatment ... We herein report the first case of S. houtenae-induced empyema complicated with chronic tuberculous empyema, which was ... Salmonella houtenae-induced Empyema Complicated with Chronic Tuberculous Empyema. Yuichi Mukai, Toshihiko Agatsuma, Gen Ideura ...
Tuberculous empyema is usually exhibited as a large pleural effusion (42) and is commonly accompanied by interlobular septal ... CT differentiation of tuberculous and non-tuberculous pleural infection, with emphasis on pulmonary changes. Int J Tuberc Lung ... Chu HQ, Li B, Zhao L, Huang DD, Zhang ZM, Xu JF, et al. Chest imaging comparison between non-tuberculous and tuberculosis ... Similar-appearing conditions are lung abscess, Rasmussen aneurysm in a tuberculous cavity, cavitating hematoma, or lung infarct ...
Recurrent Tuberculous Pneumothorax and Tuberculous Empyema: an Association of Two Rare Complications. JC Borrego Galán, P Rivas ... Recurrent Tuberculous Pneumothorax and Tuberculous Empyema: an Association of Two Rare Complications. JC Borrego Galán, P Rivas ...
Males are more commonly affected with tuberculous pleural effusion than females. The male-to-female ratio is approximately 3:2 ... Males are more commonly affected with pleural empyema and complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion than females. The male-to- ...
Rupture of a large tuberculous lesion into the pleural space may cause empyema with or without bronchopleural fistula and ... In the prechemotherapy era, TB empyema sometimes complicated medically induced pneumothorax therapy and was usually rapidly ...
Vesicular pleuritis in a case of tuberculous empyema thoracis. Nuzhat Husain, Malti Kumari, Shekhar Tandon. October-December ... We report the postmortem findings in a 28-year-old immunocompetent male patient, a rare case of tuberculous liver abscesses ...
Symptoms of tuberculous meningitis may include the following:. * Headache that has been either intermittent or persistent for 2 ... Pleural TB: Empyema may be present, with associated pleural effusions Workup considerations for extrapulmonary TB include the ... Tuberculous arthritis, usually involving only 1 joint (most often the hip or knee, followed by the ankle, elbow, wrist, and ... Diagnosis of tuberculous uveitis: clinical application of an interferon-gamma release assay. Ophthalmology. 2009 Jul. 116(7): ...
Yew, W.W.; Lee, J. Drug treatment of chronic tuberculous empyema. Chest, 1992, 101(6), 1741-1742.. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/ ... Pharmacokinetics of bedaquiline in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in multidrug-resistant tuberculous meningitis. Clin. Infect. ...
Tuberculous empyema necessitatis with osteomyelitis, a rare case in the 21st century. Kim, H. W., Lim, G. W., Cho, H. K., Lee, ...
tuberculous empyema DOID:14305 * benign pleural mesothelioma DOID:5157 * desquamative interstitial pneumonia ...
A case of pyothorax-associated lymphoma simulating empyema necessitatis. Yookyung Kim, Sun Wha Lee, Hae Young Choi, Seock Ah Im ... Dive into the research topics of A case of pyothorax-associated lymphoma simulating empyema necessitatis. Together they form ...
Evaluation of usefulness of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion from empyema. Shenoy, ...
Eloesser L. An operation for tuberculous empyema. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1935. 60:1096-1097. ... Several factors promote the progression of pleural effusions into a pleural empyema, as follows:. * Improper or delayed use of ... Samuel Robinson as the 2 basic principles of managing chronic empyema since 1915. [1] He suggested a technique of open drainage ... However, the only aspect of the original technique that still applies today is the concept of draining an empyema cavity with ...
Chronic tuberculous empyema: relationships between preoperative CT findings and postoperative improvement measured by pulmonary ...
Breaking up loculations in patients with empyema. The diagnostic accuracy for malignant and tuberculous disease of the pleura ...
6. Stages of tuberculous meningitis 7. Types of Shock 8. Classification of Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia 9. Exercise induced ... 3. Clinical Features of Empyema thoracis 4. Diagnosis of urinary tract infection 5. Symptoms and signs of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ...
VATS decortication has also been reported to successfully manage tuberculous empyema 33, 34. Cheat was set up by the Famous ...
Unfortunately, in June 1946, he was diagnosed with an especially virulent form of TB, tuberculous empyema. Likely contracted ...
Unfortunately, in June 1946, he was diagnosed with an especially virulent form of TB, tuberculous empyema. Likely contracted ...
A RARE CASE OF TUBERCULOUS EMPYEMA NECESSITANS COMPLICATING WITH PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS RESULTING IN ...
The safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant tuberculous empyema. ... This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant tuberculous empyema (TE). ... The damaged right upper lobe and concomitant empyema were demonstrated via computed tomography. After undergoing open-window ... CONCLUSION: The disease course of tuberculous BPF is particularly challenging. Surgical intervention serves as an effective and ...
  • [ 5 ] Magnetic resonance imaging may be used to evaluate complications of thoracic disease, such as the extent of thoracic wall involvement with empyema, but is of limited value in the evaluation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
  • In 1983, Pingleton and Jeter reported extensive thoracic wall gangrene with Bacteroides melaninogenicus and Viridans streptococci after minimal pleurotomy for empyema. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • alackofinformationabouttheetiology obtainedfromeachparticipantbefore Tuberculous pleurisy ofpleuraleffusionsinmostArabcoun- anyintervieworclinicalexamination Pleuraleffusionswerediagnosedas triesincludingQatar.Onlyafewstudies wasconducted. (who.int)
  • Jacobaeus was the first to use the term thoracoscopy, which he described as "replacing fluid with air" in order to examine the pleural surfaces of two patients with tuberculous pleurisy. (medscape.com)
  • Tuberculous pleurisy (TP) is one of the most common extra-pulmonary tuberculosis forms. (smj.rs)
  • Tuberculous pleurisy occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen is released from a ruptured caseous focus into the pleural space causing hyperinflammatory response with a rapid influx of lymphocytes. (smj.rs)
  • ADA in pleural punctate is a fast, efficient, and economical way for clarifying the etiology of a pleural effusion such as tuberculous pleurisy and treatment response during the follow up period. (smj.rs)
  • Lymphadenitis and tuberculous pleurisy (TP) are the two most common extra-pulmonary forms [ 1 ],[ 2 ]. (smj.rs)
  • Diagnosis of TB is challenging in patients with tuberculous pleurisy without a coexisting parenchymal lesion as they are sputum negative. (smj.rs)
  • Blind closed pleural biopsy is the most sensitive diagnostic test for tuberculous pleurisy [ 10 ]. (smj.rs)
  • He clearly understood the natural history of undrained empyemas when he wrote in a treatise on pleurisy and peripneumonia: "Patients with pleurisy who, from the beginning, have sputum of different colors or consistencies die on the third or the fifth day, or they become suppurative by the eleventh day. (sts.org)
  • In a recent case series, the most common reasons to need an Eloesser flap were parapneumonic effusions and postresection empyemas, with only 9% done for tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Identification of Infectious Agents: One of the primary reasons for performing pleural fluid culture and sensitivity is to identify the causative microorganisms responsible for pleural infections, such as pleural effusion, empyema (pus-filled pleural cavity), or parapneumonic effusion (associated with pneumonia). (medicallabnotes.com)
  • It is still used occasionally for chronic empyemas. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Eloesser flap is still utilized for patients with chronic empyemas who have not improved despite being treated with antibiotics and first line surgical procedures to remove pus and re-expand the lung such as decortication or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prior to the development of the Eloesser flap in the 1930s, the main surgical treatments for chronic tuberculous empyema were an open thoracotomy or chest tube drainage. (wikipedia.org)
  • At that time, open pleural drainage was an important treatment of chronic empyemas. (medscape.com)
  • Adequate drainage and obliteration of the pleural space has been outlined by Dr. Samuel Robinson as the 2 basic principles of managing chronic empyema since 1915. (medscape.com)
  • Death frequently occurred within 30 minutes of the procedure and was attributed to the open pneumothorax and mediastinal instability rather than to the empyema itself. (sts.org)
  • Atelectasis may occur in primary pulmonary tuberculosis, often as a consequence of tuberculous airway involvement. (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, pulmonary infections without prior resection can lead to an empyema of the pleural space with possible need for closed or open drainage. (medscape.com)
  • We report herein two cases of uncontrolled rheumatoid arthritis (RA), accompanied by hepatitis B and pulmonary empyema, respectively, who were successfully treated using clarithromycin (CAM) in expectation of its anti-inflammatory effects. (sch.ac.kr)
  • Because he had suffered from pulmonary empyema, he did not receive biological agents. (sch.ac.kr)
  • The co-occurrence of diabetes with various infections can cause severe infections in the vital organs like respiratory and urinary tracts and appears as pyelonephritis and empyema, causing sepsis with pre-renal abscess and adjacent lung abscess (1). (transresurology.com)
  • This study presents a strange case of the emphysematous chest wall with progressive loculated empyema and abscess formation post-emphysematous pyelonephritis. (transresurology.com)
  • After an emergency computerized tomography (CT) scan, abdominal left retroperitoneal abscess, localized empyema, closed left periphery, and fluid-air surface at the base of the left lung (abscess) was identified the patient was diagnosed with pleuritis and pyelonephritis. (transresurology.com)
  • Distinguishing in the diagnosis of tuberculous cavities and lung abscess, it is necessary to take into account the contact of the patient (or lack of contact) with bacilli excretors. (anti-fungal-med.com)
  • In addition to a review of literature, we present a case developed secondary to a thoracic pleural drainage for pyopneumothorax associated with significant bronchopleural fistula in a destroyed tuberculous left lung. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Thoracic and extrathoracic (ie, abdominal) procedures and complications can lead to a pleural empyema. (medscape.com)
  • Lack of timely diagnosis and treatment can develop severe complications in a small percent of cases, such as empyema, bronchopleural fistulas, fibrothorax, or bronchial stenosis [ 1 ],[ 8 ]. (smj.rs)
  • Although most people with pneumonia do not need invasive therapy, it may be seldom necessary in people with abscesses, empyema, or certain other complications. (adam.com)
  • Empyema due to MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS . (online-medical-dictionary.org)
  • It was originally intended to aid with drainage of tuberculous empyemas, since at the time there were no effective medications to treat tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of specific chemotherapeutic agents has revolutionized the prognosis of tuberculosis and tuberculous infection, making tuberculosis truly curable and preventable. (cdc.gov)
  • The chest cavity and the pleural space present a greater challenge to drain empyemas than infections of the abdomen. (medscape.com)
  • Assessment of Empyema Severity: In cases of empyema, the results of the culture and sensitivity test can help assess the severity of the infection and guide decisions regarding the need for drainage procedures, such as thoracentesis or chest tube placement. (medicallabnotes.com)
  • In his book on chest auscultation, Laënnec translated Hippocrates' description that distinguished hydrothorax from empyema: "When applying the ear on the ribs, during a certain time you hear a noise like boiling wine gar, which suggests that the chest contains water and no pus. (sts.org)
  • We need a biomarker, which can differentiate between the malignant form of tuberculous pleural effusion and other pleural effusions. (smj.rs)
  • Males are more commonly affected with tuberculous pleural effusion than females. (abnewswire.com)
  • Males are more commonly affected with tuberculous Low-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer than females. (rhodeislandchronicle.com)
  • Hippocrates is also credited with the first drainage operation for empyema by using the cautery or doing the trephination of a rib. (sts.org)
  • Hippocrates diagnosed empyema based on its clinical presentation. (sts.org)
  • Steroid Sans Chemotherapy in a Case of Tuberculous Pleural Effusion: A Novel Proposition or a Recipe for Disaster? (infectiologyjournal.com)
  • She had a history of a tuberculous pericardial effusion one year prior to admission and had completed a regimen consisting of six months of anti-tuberculous therapy and steroids. (sajr.org.za)
  • The site of origin in the 'pus' group was not specified and probably comprised peripheral lymph nodes, superficial skin and soft tissue and deep organ abscesses, and empyema. (scielo.org.za)
  • Tuberculous pericarditis is a common disease among the African and Asian populations because of the high prevalence of tuberculous infections. (sajr.org.za)
  • Daily irrigations with "warm wine and oil" cleaned the lung surfaces, and when the empyema had healed, metal rods were used to close the wound. (sts.org)
  • OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant tuberculous empyema (TE). (bvsalud.org)
  • In 1963, Clagget and Geraci described a procedure for the treatment of postpneumonectomy empyema, now known as the Clagget procedure. (medscape.com)
  • This modality may be used for thoracentesis guidance or to evaluate the pericardium for secondary tuberculous involvement. (medscape.com)
  • This system was used mostly for children with empyema. (sts.org)
  • Unfortunately, in June 1946, he was diagnosed with an especially virulent form of TB, tuberculous empyema. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Tuberculous epididymitis but may be sampled to minimizing ischaemic time. (ankurdrugs.com)
  • Studies were excluded if the main focus of the report was paediatric population, tuberculous empyema, or post-operative empyema. (ox.ac.uk)