Epispadias
Bladder Exstrophy
Vulva
Authorship
Knowledge Bases
Editorial Policies
Use of the silastic sheath in bladder neck reconstruction. (1/19)
OBJECTIVE: The study compared two populations of patients undergoing bladder neck reconstruction using the silastic sheath in two major pediatric centers. The success with this technique was markedly different in the two centers. The purpose of the study was to determine factors that might explain the divergent results. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients treated in Indianapolis were compared with 94 patients treated in London with the silastic sheath technique of bladder neck reconstruction. Eighty-seven percent of the Indianapolis patients had myelomeningocele whereas 86% of the London group had exstrophy/epispadias. Median age of the Indianapolis patients was 11 years whereas it was 8.4 years in London. Seventy-three percent of patients in Indianapolis were female and 79% in London were male. Patients were followed for a minimum of eight years in Indianapolis and a mean of seven years in London. Similar surgical technique was employed in the two centers but, over time, the London approach included use of a non-reinforced silastic wrapped loosely around the bladder neck with the interposition of omentum. RESULTS: Both groups achieved continence rates exceeding 90%. Of the Indianapolis patients, two-thirds experienced erosion of the silastic at a mean of 48 months. With modifications in the London technique, the erosion rate of silastic was lowered from 100% to 7%. CONCLUSION: Direct, snug wrap of silastic without omentum around the Young-Dees tube as well as simultaneous bladder augmentation placed patients at increased risk for erosion. The silastic sheath technique may be less applicable to myelomeningocele patients. It seems most applicable to older male patients with exstrophy or epispadias undergoing Young-Dees bladder neck reconstruction who have the ability to void. (+info)Oblique pelvic osteotomy in the exstrophy/epispadias complex. (2/19)
We reviewed retrospectively 45 patients (46 procedures) with bladder exstrophy treated by bilateral oblique pelvic osteotomy in conjunction with genitourinary repair. The operative technique and post-operative management with or without external fixation are described. A total of 21 patients attended a special follow-up clinic and 24 were interviewed by telephone. The mean follow-up time was 57 months (24 to 108). Of the 45 patients, 42 reported no pain or functional disability, although six had a waddling gait and two had marked external rotation of the hip. Complications included three cases of infection and loosening of the external fixator requiring early removal with no deleterious effect. Mid-line closure failed in one neonate managed in plaster. This patient underwent a successful revision procedure several months later using repeat osteotomies and external fixation. The percentage pubic approximation was measured on anteroposterior radiographs pre-operatively, post-operatively and at final follow-up. The mean approximation was 37% (12% to 76%). It varied markedly with age and was better when external fixation was used. The wide range reflects the inability of the anterior segment to develop naturally in spite of close approximation at operation. We conclude that bilateral oblique pelvic osteotomy with or without external fixation is useful in the management of difficult primary closure in bladder exstrophy, failed primary closure and secondary reconstruction. (+info)Salvage reconstructive surgery in an adult patient with failed previous repair of an extrophy-epispadias complex. An operation with a functional and aesthetic purpose. (3/19)
Salvage surgical procedures after failed reconstruction for an extrophy-epispadias complex are extremely challenging. The goals are to restore continence and improve aesthetic appearance in order to provide quality of life and an improved body image to the patient. We describe the surgical steps in an adult patient who presented anal urinary incontinence and a poor body image due to the absence of an umbilicus and the presence of hypertrophic scars. He underwent a modified Mainz II reconstruction of the lower urinary tract at childhood for an extrophy-epispadias complex. Restoration of continence was achieved by the construction of a modified Mainz I pouch with a continent stoma in a neo-umbilicus. Body image improved dramatically by the construction of a neo-umbilicus, a surgical revision of the hypertrophic abdominal scars and an abdominoplasty. It is mandatory that such demanding surgery should only be attempted as a combined multidisciplinary effort with urologists and plastic/reconstructive surgeons. (+info)Epidemiological survey of 214 families with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex. (4/19)
(+info)A case of female epispadias. (5/19)
(+info)Biometry of the pubovisceral muscle and levator hiatus assessed by three-dimensional ultrasound in females with bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex after functional reconstruction. (6/19)
(+info)The exstrophy-epispadias complex. (7/19)
(+info)Parent perspectives of health related quality of life for adolescents with bladder exstrophy-epispadias as measured by the child health questionnaire-parent form 50. (8/19)
(+info)Epispadias is a rare congenital abnormality of the urinary tract in which the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body) does not develop properly. In epispadias, the urethral opening is located on the dorsal (top) surface of the penis instead of at the tip. This condition usually affects boys, but it can also occur in girls, although this is much less common.
Epispadias can vary in severity and may be associated with other genitourinary abnormalities, such as bladder exstrophy, in which the bladder is located outside the body. Treatment for epispadias typically involves surgical reconstruction to create a functional urethra and improve urinary continence. The timing of surgery depends on the severity of the condition and whether it is associated with other abnormalities.
Bladder exstrophy is a congenital birth defect that affects the urinary and reproductive systems, as well as the abdominal wall. In this condition, the bladder is not fully formed and is turned inside out and exposed on the outside of the body at birth. This results in the inability to control urination and can also lead to other complications such as infection and kidney damage if left untreated.
Bladder exstrophy occurs due to a problem with the development of the fetus during pregnancy, specifically during the formation of the lower abdominal wall. It is more common in boys than girls, and can occur on its own or as part of a spectrum of defects known as the exstrophy-epispadias complex.
Treatment for bladder exstrophy typically involves surgical reconstruction to repair the bladder and lower abdominal wall. This may be done in stages, starting with the closure of the abdominal wall and then followed by bladder reconstruction at a later time. In some cases, additional surgeries may be necessary to address other associated defects or complications. With proper treatment, most children with bladder exstrophy can lead normal lives, although they may require ongoing medical management and monitoring throughout their lives.
The vulva refers to the external female genital area. It includes the mons pubis (the pad of fatty tissue covered with skin and hair that's located on the front part of the pelvis), labia majora (the outer folds of skin that surround and protect the vaginal opening), labia minora (the inner folds of skin that surround the vaginal and urethral openings), clitoris (a small, sensitive organ located at the front of the vulva where the labia minora join), the external openings of the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body) and vagina (the passageway leading to the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus).
It's important to note that understanding the anatomy and terminology related to one's own body can help facilitate effective communication with healthcare providers, promote self-awareness, and support overall health and well-being.
"Foreign bodies" refer to any object or substance that is not normally present in a particular location within the body. These can range from relatively harmless items such as splinters or pieces of food in the skin or gastrointestinal tract, to more serious objects like bullets or sharp instruments that can cause significant damage and infection.
Foreign bodies can enter the body through various routes, including ingestion, inhalation, injection, or penetrating trauma. The location of the foreign body will determine the potential for harm and the necessary treatment. Some foreign bodies may pass through the body without causing harm, while others may require medical intervention such as removal or surgical extraction.
It is important to seek medical attention if a foreign body is suspected, as untreated foreign bodies can lead to complications such as infection, inflammation, and tissue damage.
In the context of medical research, authorship refers to the recognition of individuals who have made significant contributions to the development and completion of a scientific paper or research project. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has established guidelines for determining authorship, which include the following four criteria:
1. Substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work.
2. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content.
3. Final approval of the version to be published.
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
All authors should meet these criteria, and their contributions should be clearly described in the manuscript. It is important to note that authorship should not be granted based on position or status alone, but rather on the basis of substantial intellectual contribution and commitment to the work.
Foreign bodies in the eye refer to any object or particle that is not normally present in the eye and becomes lodged in it. These foreign bodies can range from small particles like sand or dust to larger objects such as metal shavings or glass. They can cause irritation, pain, redness, watering, and even vision loss if they are not removed promptly and properly.
The symptoms of an eye foreign body may include:
* A feeling that something is in the eye
* Pain or discomfort in the eye
* Redness or inflammation of the eye
* Watering or tearing of the eye
* Sensitivity to light
* Blurred vision or difficulty seeing
If you suspect that you have a foreign body in your eye, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. An eye care professional can examine your eye and determine the best course of treatment to remove the foreign body and prevent any further damage to your eye.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "knowledge bases" is a general term that refers to structured collections of knowledge in a specific field or area, and it is not a medical term with a defined meaning in the medical field. Knowledge bases can be found in many fields, including medicine, and they typically take the form of databases or repositories of information that are used to store, organize, and retrieve knowledge. In the medical field, knowledge bases might include information about diseases, treatments, medications, and other medical topics. They can be used by healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients to access accurate and reliable information.
A foreign-body reaction is an immune response that occurs when a non-native substance, or "foreign body," is introduced into the human body. This can include things like splinters, surgical implants, or even injected medications. The immune system recognizes these substances as foreign and mounts a response to try to eliminate them.
The initial response to a foreign body is often an acute inflammatory reaction, characterized by the release of chemical mediators that cause vasodilation, increased blood flow, and the migration of white blood cells to the site. This can result in symptoms such as redness, swelling, warmth, and pain.
If the foreign body is not eliminated, a chronic inflammatory response may develop, which can lead to the formation of granulation tissue, fibrosis, and encapsulation of the foreign body. In some cases, this reaction can cause significant tissue damage or impede proper healing.
It's worth noting that not all foreign bodies necessarily elicit a strong immune response. The nature and size of the foreign body, as well as its location in the body, can all influence the severity of the reaction.
Editorial policies refer to a set of guidelines and principles that govern the development, selection, peer-review, production, and publication of manuscripts in a medical journal. These policies aim to ensure the integrity, transparency, and quality of the published research while adhering to ethical standards and best practices in scientific publishing.
Some essential components of editorial policies include:
1. Authorship criteria: Defining who qualifies as an author, their roles, and responsibilities, and specifying the order of authorship based on contribution.
2. Conflict of interest disclosure: Requiring authors, reviewers, and editors to declare any potential conflicts of interest that may influence their judgment or objectivity in the manuscript's evaluation.
3. Peer-review process: Outlining the steps involved in the peer-review process, including the selection of reviewers, the number of required reviews, and the criteria for accepting or rejecting a manuscript.
4. Plagiarism detection: Employing plagiarism detection software to ensure originality and prevent unethical practices such as self-plagiarism or duplicate publication.
5. Data sharing: Encouraging or requiring authors to share their data, code, or materials to promote transparency and reproducibility of the research findings.
6. Corrections and retractions: Establishing procedures for correcting errors, addressing scientific misconduct, and retracting published articles when necessary.
7. Post-publication discussions: Encouraging open dialogue and constructive criticism through post-publication discussions or letters to the editor.
8. Accessibility and copyright: Describing how the journal ensures accessibility of its content, such as through open-access models, and outlining the terms of copyright and licensing agreements.
9. Archiving and preservation: Ensuring long-term preservation and availability of published content by depositing it in appropriate digital archives or repositories.
10. Compliance with international standards: Adhering to guidelines and best practices established by organizations such as the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Scientific misconduct is defined by the US Department of Health and Human Services as "fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results." Fabrication means making up data or results that never occurred. Falsification means manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes, or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit.
Scientific misconduct also includes other practices that seriously deviate from those that are commonly accepted within the scientific community for proposing, conducting, or reporting research. It does not include honest error or differences of opinion.
It is important to note that scientific misconduct can have serious consequences for the individuals involved and for the integrity of the scientific enterprise as a whole. It is essential that researchers adhere to the highest standards of integrity in order to maintain public trust in science and to ensure that research results are reliable and reproducible.
Epispadias
Male genital examination
Vaginal anomalies
Tiger Devore
Bladder exstrophy
Intersex medical interventions
Clitorophallus
SLC20A1
Guy LeRoy Hunner
Koro (disease)
Shiv Narain Kureel
Shapiro Senapathy algorithm
Urinary meatus
Phalloplasty
Pediatric urology
Genitourinary system
List of ICD-9 codes 740-759: congenital anomalies
List of MeSH codes (C13)
List of diseases (E)
Urethra
List of MeSH codes (C12)
Hand-foot-genital syndrome
List of MeSH codes (C16)
Aseem Shukla
Circumcision
Miroslav Djordjevic
Andrology
Hospital Universitario Virgen del RocÃo
Reproductive medicine
Epispadias - Wikipedia
Penile Epispadias Reconstruction: Background, Problem, Epidemiology
Poster Presentation: The Uganda Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex Initiative - Association for the Bladder Exstrophy Community
Epispadias : Treatment - Health32
33rd ESPU Congress in Lisbon, Portugal - S17: EXSTROPHY-EPISPADIAS COMPLEX 2
Success! Adere from Ethiopia raised $1,040 to fund an epispadias repair procedure. | Watsi
Epispadias | Arkansas Children's
Bladder Exstrophy and Epispadias
Hypospadias and Epispadias Association (HEA).
epispadias DEX - ce înseamnă epispadias
Urologist For Epispadias In Pakistan | Marham
Epispadias (Concept Id: C0014588) - MedGen - NCBI
Bladder exstrophy - epispadias complex in a newborn: a case report and review of literature
Epispadias and incontinence: The challenge of the small bladder<...
164 Urology Grand Rounds: "Surgical Management of Epispadias/ Management of Adolescent Varicocele" (122315) | UT Southwestern
Congenital urinary incontinence in a 4-year old girl due to isolated epispadias: A case report and literature review
Healthy Little Boy with No Physical Signs of His Condition | HEA
Past Events
Vol. 22 No. 3 (2016) | African Journal of Urology
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Full list of accepted conditions - Candis
Kelly procedure (soft tissue reconstruction of the bladder neck) | Great Ormond Street Hospital
Penis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
MTHFR 677 TT genotype in a mother and her child with Down syndrome, atrioventricular canal and exstrophy of the bladder:...
Erectile Dysfunction And High Blood Pressure: Heart Health Cause ED?
WikiGenes - Foreign Bodies
Urethra13
- An epispadias is a rare type of malformation in which the urethra ends, in males, in an opening on the upper aspect of the penis, and in females when the urethra develops too far anteriorly. (wikipedia.org)
- Epispadias of the female may occur when the urethra develops too far anteriorly, exiting in the clitoris or even more forward. (wikipedia.org)
- citation needed] The main treatment for isolated epispadias is a comprehensive surgical repair of the genito-urinary area usually during the first 7 years of life, including reconstruction of the urethra, closure of the penile shaft and mobilisation of the corpora. (wikipedia.org)
- Epispadias is a rare congenital malformation of the male or female urogenital apparatus that consists of a defect of the dorsal wall of the urethra. (medscape.com)
- In males, epispadias causes impotentia coeundi, which results from the dorsal curvature of the penile shaft, and impotentia generandi, which results from the incomplete urethra. (medscape.com)
- Correction of glandular epispadias with reposition of the distal urethra and creation of a symmetric glans (glanuloplasty) is indicated in childhood or adolescence at the patient's request for cosmetic or psychological reasons. (medscape.com)
- Penile epispadias is corrected in childhood with penile straightening by resection of the chordee and creation of a new urethra of adequate caliber and length (urethroplasty). (medscape.com)
- So instead of having an opening at the tip of the urethra , hypospadias refers to an abnormal opening on the bottom of the urethra and epispadias refers to an abnormal opening on the top of the urethra , and both of these can happen in boys and girls, but are way, way more common in boys. (osmosis.org)
- Epispadias is a very rare condition that affects the urethra, the tube-like channel from which urine exits the body. (archildrens.org)
- In children with epispadias, the urethra doesn't develop correctly, and the opening of the urethra is not where it is supposed to be. (archildrens.org)
- Epispadias is often diagnosed at birth when doctors notice the opening of the urethra is not in the right location. (archildrens.org)
- The exstrophy-epispadias complex is a severe and rare malformation syndrome of the bladder (exstrophy), the urethra (epispadias), and colon (cloacal exstrophy) with often lifelong consequences (Kiddoo et al. (urology-textbook.com)
- In terms of hypospadias or epispadias, it is an opening through which urine flows out at a location other than the urinary meatus (the hole where the urethra opens). (heainfo.org)
Hypospadias and Epispadias Association2
- Hypospadias and Epispadias Association (HEA). (transhealth.org)
- This paper contains my research and does not reflect the views of the Hypospadias and Epispadias Association (HEA). (heainfo.org)
Congenital7
- Congenital malformations of the male genitalia include a wide range of clinical conditions such as hypospadias , epispadias (in females, bifid clitoris) with bladder exstrophy, and hidden penis. (medscape.com)
- Epispadias is an uncommon congenital malformation of the penis and is often part of the condition termed epispadias-exstrophy of the bladder. (medscape.com)
- Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) is a rare congenital malformation of the genitourinary system usually associated with other malformations. (southsudanmedicaljournal.com)
- Bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) is a congenital anomaly of the genitourinary system with a spectrum of congenital malformations ranging from isolated epispadias, to classical bladder exstrophy, to cloacal exstrophy as the most severe-and rarest-presentation. (southsudanmedicaljournal.com)
- Epispadias is a congenital anomaly in which the urethral meatus opens dorsally on top of the penis, medial to the glands, or with absent or bifid clitoris in females. (allcasereports.com)
- Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), partial androgen insensitivity syndrome, hypospadias, epispadias, bladder and cloacal exstrophy, Klinefelter syndrome, enzyme insufficiencies like 5-alpha reductase or 17-beta ketosteroid, and MRKH, CHARGE, and other syndromes all may have ambiguous genitalia as part of their presentation. (heainfo.org)
- Dr. Sutherland provides expertise in the micro and macro surgical correction of congenital disorders of male and female genitalia including hypospadias, epispadias, and disorders of sexual differentiation (also known as intersex disorders or sexual ambiguity). (hawaiipacifichealth.org)
BEEC4
- During one-stage delayed Kelly's Radical Soft Tissue Mobilization (RSTM) for Bladder Exstrophy Epispadias Complex (BEEC), children underwent a pelvic floor muscles detachment. (espu.org)
- Bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex (BEEC) is an anterior midline defect with variable expression involving the infraumbilical abdominal wall including the pelvis, urinary tract, and external genitalia (Gearhart and Jeffs, 1998). (nih.gov)
- This genitourinary anomaly was consistent with the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC). (southsudanmedicaljournal.com)
- It often occurs as part of a complex anomaly called the bladder extrophy epispadias complex (BEEC) along with exposed bladder and bifid pelvic brim. (allcasereports.com)
Complex9
- citation needed] Epispadias is an uncommon and partial form of a spectrum of failures of abdominal and pelvic fusion in the first months of embryogenesis known as the exstrophy - epispadias complex. (wikipedia.org)
- While epispadias is inherent in all cases of exstrophy it can also, much less frequently, appear in isolation as the least severe form of the complex spectrum. (wikipedia.org)
- There is a high variance in the characteristics of the below-mentioned components of the exstrophy-epispadias complex. (urology-textbook.com)
- Transfer the child to a center with experience in the surgical treatment of the exstrophy-epispadias complex. (urology-textbook.com)
- It is commonly seen as a component in the spectrum of bladder exstrophy-epispadias-complex. (nih.gov)
- The diagnosis of bladder extrophy epispadias complex is often clinical with identifications of the various component of the anomalies. (allcasereports.com)
- Apart from Husmann and Vandersteen [in: Gearhart JP, Matthews R (eds) The Epispadias-Exstrophy Complex. (nih.gov)
- It is along the spectrum of the extrosphy-epispadias complex. (radiopaedia.org)
- Exstrophy-Epispadias complex and bladder anomalies. (bvsalud.org)
Exstrophy-epispadias1
- The stage of development at the time of the rupture determines the extent of the malformation: bladder exstrophy, epispadias, and cloacal exstrophy. (urology-textbook.com)
Abnormal3
- Epispadias is an abnormal defect in a sensitive area that prevents him from using the bathroom comfortably. (watsi.org)
- Epispadias is often confused with an abnormal foreskin, in which the foreskin gives the appearance of the urethral opening located abnormally high position. (archildrens.org)
- If a child is born with Hypospadias or Epispadias (abnormal placement of the urethral meatus on the penis), circumcision should be delayed, as the foreskin may be needed for reconstructive surgery. (leveluprn.com)
Urinary3
- If epispadias is distal to the bladder neck, urinary continence may not be present. (medscape.com)
- Proximal variants of epispadias are associated with urinary incontinence due to defects of the sphincter muscle . (urology-textbook.com)
- A clinical diagnosis of isolated epispadias with urinary incontinence to rule out ectopic ureter in a 4-year old girl was made. (allcasereports.com)
Surgical3
- Surgical repair of epispadias is recommended in patients with more than a mild case. (health32.com)
- Schematic drawing of the surgical steps to correct an epispadias. (urology-textbook.com)
- The surgical correction of epispadias is usually performed in the 6th to 12th month of life. (urology-textbook.com)
Reconstruction1
- To date, 7 of these children have undergone staged reconstruction with urethroplasty for epispadias as the initial operation. (elsevierpure.com)
Chordee2
- All forms of epispadias are associated with chordee. (medscape.com)
- Chordee can occur along with hypospadias or epispadias, and it can be repaired surgically. (heainfo.org)
Pubic bone1
- Wide diastasis of the pubic bone and external displacement of the hips in epispadias. (medscape.com)
Bifid1
- In females, epispadias consists of bifid clitoris with diastases of the corpora cavernosa, flattening of the mons, and separation of the labia. (medscape.com)
Ventral1
- Unlike in hypospadias, where the meatus is on the ventral aspect, children with epispadias have a wide-open urethral plate on the dorsum. (nih.gov)
Urogenital1
- Epispadias is a urogenital malformation characterized by the failure of the urethral tube to tubularize on the dorsal aspect. (nih.gov)
Underwent1
- Adere underwent his life-changing epispadias treatment. (watsi.org)
Abstract1
- abstract = "The 12-year experience at our hospital with epispadias and incontinence is reviewed and attention is focused on the approach to patients with a small bladder capacity. (elsevierpure.com)
Closure1
- Some authors advocate a closure of epispadias in the same session, if good conditions are present. (urology-textbook.com)
Symptoms1
- What are the signs and symptoms of epispadias? (archildrens.org)
Doctors1
- Doctors don't know the exact cause of epispadias, but it develops during pregnancy. (archildrens.org)
Surgery3
- Now, he is scheduled to undergo another surgery for his epispadias condition. (watsi.org)
- In most cases, babies born with epispadias will need surgery shortly after birth. (archildrens.org)
- Some babies with a mild form of epispadias may not need surgery. (archildrens.org)
Ratio1
- With a male to female ratio of 2-3:1, the occurrence of isolated epispadias in female patient is even rarer. (allcasereports.com)
Severe1
- Simple epispadias occurs less commonly than the more severe form associated with exstrophy of the bladder. (medscape.com)
Repair2
Children1
- Of 29 children 20 had incontinence associated with the epispadias (13 boys and 7 girls). (elsevierpure.com)
Form1
- Unlike hypospadias, epispadias can be explained by defective migration of the paired primordia of the genital tubercle that fuse on the midline to form the genital tubercle at the fifth week of embryologic development. (medscape.com)
Cases1
- Isolated epispadias constitutes less than 10 percent of the total cases of epispadias. (nih.gov)