Erythema Multiforme
Erythema
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Lip Diseases
Stomatitis, Herpetic
Methenamine
Herpes Labialis
Erythema Nodosum
Glioblastoma
Herpes Simplex
Herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme (HAEM) is mechanistically distinct from drug-induced erythema multiforme: interferon-gamma is expressed in HAEM lesions and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in drug-induced erythema multiforme lesions. (1/61)
Erythema multiforme follows administration of several drugs or infection with various agents, including herpes simplex virus, a syndrome designated herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme. Lesional skin from 21 of 26 (81%) herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme patients was positive for herpes simplex virus gene expression as evidenced by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with primers for DNA polymerase and/or immunohistochemistry with DNA polymerase antibody. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry studies indicated that herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme lesional skin from 16 of 21 (76%) DNA polymerase positive herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme patients was also positive for interferon-gamma, a product of T cells involved in delayed-type hypersensitivity (p < 0. 0001 by Pearson correlation coefficient). Interferon-gamma signals were in infiltrating mononuclear cells and in intercellular spaces within inflammatory sites in the epidermis and at the epidermis/dermis junction. Herpes simplex virus lesional skin was also positive for DNA polymerase [five of five (100%)] and interferon-gamma [four of five (80%)], but lesional skin from drug-induced erythema multiforme patients was negative. Lesional herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme keratinocytes also stained with antibody to transforming growth factor-beta [14 of 23 (61%)] and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor waf [12 of 18 (67%)]. Staining was also seen in keratinocytes from herpes simplex virus lesions [five of five (100%)], but not in normal skin. By contrast, staining with antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, another pro-inflammatory cytokine, was seen in seven of 11 (64%) drug-induced erythema multiforme patients, but not in herpes simplex virus or herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme patients, and lesional keratinocytes from drug-induced erythema multiforme patients were negative for transforming growth factor-beta and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor waf. We interpret the data to indicate that herpes simplex virus associated erythema multiforme pathology includes a delayed-type hypersensitivity component and is mechanistically distinct from drug-induced erythema multiforme. (+info)Erythema exsudativum multiforme induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in an allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell donor. (2/61)
We describe a healthy peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donor who developed a cutaneous reaction, erythema exsudativum multiforme, during the administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for mobilization. The cutaneous lesions were located on his hips, apart from the site of G-CSF injection. Treatment with topical corticosteroid was commenced, and the lesions resolved completely within a week. Adverse cutaneous reactions induced by G-CSF have been reported infrequently in healthy donors. Further documentation of cases and their full evaluation will be of great importance for both physicians and PBSC donor. (+info)Diagnosis, classification, and management of erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. (3/61)
BACKGROUND: In adults, erythema multiforme (EM) is thought to be mainly related to herpes infection and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) to drug reactions. AIMS: To investigate this hypothesis in children, and to review our experience in the management of these patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 77 paediatric cases of EM or SJS admitted to the Children's Hospital in Bordeaux between 1974 and 1998. RESULTS: Thirty five cases, inadequately documented or misdiagnosed mostly as urticarias or non-EM drug reactions were excluded. Among the remaining 42 patients (14 girls and 28 boys), 22 had EM (11 EM minor and 11 EM major), 17 had SJS, and three had isolated mucous membrane involvement and were classified separately. Childhood EM was mostly related to herpes infection and SJS to infectious agents, especially Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Only two cases were firmly attributed to drugs (antibiotics). No patient died. EM and SJS sequelae were minor and steroids were of no overall benefit. CONCLUSION: In paediatric practice EM is frequently misdiagnosed. The proposal that SJS is drug related in adults does not apply to children, and in our recruitment EM and SJS are mostly triggered by infectious agents. The course of both diseases, even though dramatic at onset, leads to low morbidity and mortality when appropriate symptomatic treatment is given. (+info)Parvovirus infection of keratinocytes as a cause of canine erythema multiforme. (4/61)
Erythema multiforme major was diagnosed in a dog with necrotizing parvoviral enteritis. Skin lesions consisted of ulceration of the footpads, pressure points, mouth, and vaginal mucosa; vesicles in the oral cavity; and erythematous patches on the abdomen and perivulvar skin. Microscopic examination of mucosal and haired skin specimens revealed lymphocyte-associated keratinocyte apoptosis at various levels of the epidermis. Basophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were seen in basal and suprabasal keratinocytes. Immunohistochemical staining, performed with canine parvovirus-2-specific monoclonal antibodies, confirmed the parvovirus nature of the inclusions in the nucleus and cytoplasm of oral and skin epithelial cells. This is the first case of canine erythema multiforme reported to be caused by a viral infection of keratinocytes. This case study indicates that the search for epitheliotropic viruses should be attempted in cases of erythema multiforme in which a drug cause cannot be identified. (+info)Interaction of HSV-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells with cultured dermal microvascular endothelial cells: a potential model for the pathogenesis of HSV-1 induced erythema multiforme. (5/61)
The effect of herpes virus infection on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells and herpes-virus-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells was studied as a model of herpes-associated erythema multiforme. After infection of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells with native herpes virus and overnight culture, 60%--90% of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells showed cytopathic effects. HLA class I molecules and CD31 (PECAM-1) surface expression in herpes-virus-infected endothelial cells were substantially downregulated, whereas CD54 (ICAM-1) remained unchanged. Cocultivation with herpes-virus-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells left characteristic plaques on the human dermal microvascular endothelial cell monolayer; however, very few human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (1%--3%) were infected. Adhesion molecule expression of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells cocultivated with herpes-virus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated a 5-fold increase in CD54 expression, a 2-fold increase in HLA class I expression, but no change of CD31 by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. Incubation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells with ultraviolet-C irradiated herpes-virus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells had no effect on morphology or adhesion molecule expression levels. Changes of adhesion molecule expression by direct infection or cocultivation with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (with native and ultraviolet-C inactivated herpes virus infection) were also documented at the mRNA level. Adhesion assays demonstrated an increased binding of herpes-virus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells versus noninfected peripheral blood mononuclear cells to noninfected human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Our results suggest that incubation of herpes-virus-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells with human dermal microvascular endothelial cells induces significant upregulation of CD54 and major histocompatibility complex class I molecules in the surrounding noninfected human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, which is associated with an increased binding of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our in vitro findings may serve as a model for herpes-associated erythema multiforme possibly explaining the dermal inflammatory reaction seen in that condition. (+info)RasGAP-like protein IQGAP1 is expressed by human keratinocytes and recognized by autoantibodies in association with bullous skin disease. (6/61)
Autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune bullous skin diseases, such as pemphigus or bullous pemphigoid are of diagnostic value and might play a part in the pathogenic scenario. In this study we present five patients with erythematous plaques, subepidermal blister formation of the skin, and the presence of circulating autoantibodies directed against a so far unrecognized 190 kDa antigen in human keratinocytes. Amino acid sequence analysis identified the protein as IQGAP1, a recently described human Ras GTPase-activating-like protein suspected to act as an effector molecule for Cdc42 and Rac1, members of the Rho small GTPase family and to play a key part in regulating E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. The protein is selectively recognized by a monoclonal anti-IQGAP1 antibody on western blots and immunoprecipitates from keratinocyte extracts. Indirect immunofluorescence locates IQGAP1 within individual keratinocytes in a cytoplasmic pattern and along the cell periphery at adhesive sites. Our results demonstrate IQGAP1, a newly described multifunctional protein, to be constitutively expressed in human keratinocytes where it may contribute to the integrity of the epidermal layer. Furthermore, we found autoantibodies reacting with IQGAP1 in patients with bullous skin eruptions most apparently belonging to the spectrum of bullous pemphigoid. (+info)Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-associated erythema multiforme (HAEM): a viral disease with an autoimmune component. (7/61)
Erythema multiforme (EM) is a clinical conundrum the name of which reflects the broad morphological spectrum of the lesions. Molecular and immunologic evidence that herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes a subset of EM lesions [herpes-associated EM (HAEM)] is reviewed, and new data are presented which suggest that autoreactive T-cells triggered by virus infection play an important role in HAEM pathogenesis. Disease development begins with viral DNA fragmentation and the transport of the DNA fragments to distant skin sites by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). HSV genes within DNA fragments deposited on the skin [notably DNA polymerase (Pol)] are expressed, leading to recruitment of HSV-specific CD4+ Th1 cells that respond to viral antigens with production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). This step initiates an inflammatory cascade that includes expression of IFN-gamma induced genes, increased sequestration of circulating leukocytes, monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and the recruitment of autoreactive T-cells generated by molecular mimicry or the release of cellular antigens from lysed cells. The PBMCs that pick up the HSV DNA [viz. macrophages or CD34+ Langerhans cells (LC) precursors], their ability to process it, the viral proteins expressed in the skin and the presence of epitopes shared with cellular proteins may determine whether a specific HSV episode is followed by HAEM development. Drug-associated EM (DIEM) is a mechanistically distinct EM subset that involves expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in lesional skin. It is our thesis that the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for HSV DNA detection in lesional skin and staining with antibodies to IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, are important criteria for the diagnosis of skin eruptions and improved patient management. (+info)Smallpox vaccination: a review, part II. Adverse events. (8/61)
Smallpox vaccination of health care workers, military personnel, and some first responders has begun in the United States in 2002-2003 as one aspect of biopreparedness. Full understanding of the spectrum of adverse events and of their cause, frequency, identification, prevention, and treatment is imperative. This article describes known and suspected adverse events occurring after smallpox vaccination. (+info)Erythema multiforme is a skin condition that typically presents as symmetric, red, raised spots or bumps on the skin and mucous membranes. The rash can vary in appearance, but it often has a target-like or irregular shape with central dusky or necrotic areas surrounded by pale rings and red flares. The rash usually begins on the extremities, such as the hands and feet, and then spreads to involve other parts of the body, including the trunk and face.
Erythema multiforme can be caused by various triggers, including infections (most commonly herpes simplex virus), medications, and other medical conditions. The condition is thought to represent a hypersensitivity reaction, where the immune system attacks the skin and mucous membranes.
The severity of erythema multiforme can range from mild to severe, with some cases causing significant pain and discomfort. In more severe cases, the rash may be accompanied by fever, mouth sores, and other systemic symptoms. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause, if known, as well as providing supportive care for the skin lesions. Topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and pain relievers may be used to help manage symptoms.
Erythema is a term used in medicine to describe redness of the skin, which occurs as a result of increased blood flow in the superficial capillaries. This redness can be caused by various factors such as inflammation, infection, trauma, or exposure to heat, cold, or ultraviolet radiation. In some cases, erythema may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, warmth, pain, or itching. It is a common finding in many medical conditions and can vary in severity from mild to severe.
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a rare, serious and potentially life-threatening skin reaction that usually occurs as a reaction to medication but can also be caused by an infection. SJS is characterized by the detachment of the epidermis (top layer of the skin) from the dermis (the layer underneath). It primarily affects the mucous membranes, such as those lining the eyes, mouth, throat, and genitals, causing painful raw areas that are prone to infection.
SJS is considered a severe form of erythema multiforme (EM), another skin condition, but it's much more serious and can be fatal. The symptoms of SJS include flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat, and fatigue, followed by a red or purplish rash that spreads and blisters, eventually leading to the detachment of the top layer of skin.
The exact cause of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome is not always known, but it's often triggered by medications such as antibiotics, anti-convulsants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antiretroviral drugs. Infections caused by herpes simplex virus or Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also trigger SJS.
Treatment for Stevens-Johnson Syndrome typically involves hospitalization, supportive care, wound care, and medication to manage pain and prevent infection. Discontinuing the offending medication is crucial in managing this condition. In severe cases, patients may require treatment in a burn unit or intensive care unit.
Lip diseases refer to various medical conditions that affect the lips, which can be caused by different factors such as infections, inflammation, allergies, or autoimmune disorders. Some examples of lip diseases include:
1. Cheilitis: It is an inflammation of the lips, which can cause dryness, cracking, and soreness. It can be caused by various factors, including irritants, allergies, or infections.
2. Angular cheilitis: It is a condition that causes inflammation and redness at the corners of the mouth. It can be caused by fungal or bacterial infections, ill-fitting dentures, or vitamin deficiencies.
3. Herpes simplex labialis: Also known as cold sores, it is a viral infection that causes painful blisters on the lips and around the mouth. The virus can be spread through close contact with an infected person.
4. Actinic cheilitis: It is a precancerous condition caused by excessive exposure to the sun, which leads to dry, scaly, or thickened patches on the lips.
5. Fordyce spots: These are small, painless, white or yellowish bumps that appear on the lips and inside the mouth. They are harmless and do not require treatment.
6. Lip cancer: It is a type of skin cancer that affects the lips, usually caused by excessive exposure to the sun. The symptoms include a sore or lump on the lip that does not heal, bleeding, pain, or numbness.
If you experience any symptoms related to lip diseases, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Herpetic stomatitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation and sores or lesions in the mouth and mucous membranes caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is typically caused by HSV-1, which is highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person, such as through kissing or sharing utensils.
The symptoms of herpetic stomatitis may include small, painful blisters or ulcers in the mouth, gums, tongue, or roof of the mouth; difficulty swallowing; fever; and swollen lymph nodes. The condition can be painful and make it difficult to eat, drink, or talk.
Herpetic stomatitis is usually self-limiting and will resolve on its own within 1-2 weeks. However, antiviral medications may be prescribed to help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. It's important to practice good oral hygiene during an outbreak to prevent secondary infections.
It's worth noting that herpes simplex virus can also cause cold sores or fever blisters on the lips and around the mouth, which are similar to the lesions seen in herpetic stomatitis but occur outside of the mouth.
Methenamine is a medication that is used as a urinary antiseptic. It's a chemical compound that, when ingested and enters the urine, releases formaldehyde, which helps to kill bacteria in the urinary tract. Methenamine is often combined with other medications, such as sodium phosphate or hydroxyzine, to make it more effective.
It's important to note that methenamine is not typically used as a first-line treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is usually reserved for preventing recurrent UTIs in people who are prone to them. Additionally, methenamine should be taken in adequate amounts and under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as excessive formaldehyde release can cause adverse effects.
Penile diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the penis, including infections, inflammatory conditions, and structural abnormalities. Some common penile diseases include:
1. Balanitis: an infection or inflammation of the foreskin and/or head of the penis.
2. Balanoposthitis: an infection or inflammation of both the foreskin and the head of the penis.
3. Phimosis: a condition in which the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the head of the penis.
4. Paraphimosis: a medical emergency in which the foreskin becomes trapped behind the head of the penis and cannot be returned to its normal position.
5. Peyronie's disease: a condition characterized by the development of scar tissue inside the penis, leading to curvature during erections.
6. Erectile dysfunction: the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse.
7. Penile cancer: a rare form of cancer that affects the skin and tissues of the penis.
These conditions can have various causes, including bacterial or fungal infections, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), skin conditions, trauma, or underlying medical conditions. Treatment for penile diseases varies depending on the specific condition and its severity, but may include medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes.
Herpes labialis, also known as cold sores or fever blisters, is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). It typically affects the lips, mouth, and surrounding skin. The infection causes small, painful, fluid-filled blisters that can be accompanied by symptoms such as tingling, burning, or itching in the area before the blisters appear. After the blisters break, they leave behind painful ulcers that eventually crust over and heal within 2-3 weeks.
The virus is highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with infected saliva, skin lesions, or objects contaminated with the virus. Once a person becomes infected with HSV-1, the virus remains dormant in the nervous system and can reactivate periodically due to various triggers like stress, fatigue, illness, or sun exposure, leading to recurrent outbreaks of herpes labialis.
Erythema nodosum is a type of inflammation that occurs in the fatty layer of the skin, causing painful, red or purple bumps (nodules) to form. It is a type of panniculitis, which refers to any condition that causes inflammation of the fatty layer of tissue beneath the skin.
Erythema nodosum is often associated with a variety of underlying conditions, such as infections (e.g., streptococcus, tuberculosis), medications (e.g., sulfa drugs, oral contraceptives), inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis), and pregnancy.
The bumps associated with erythema nodosum typically appear on the shins, ankles, knees, or other areas of the legs, although they can also occur on the arms, hands, or face. The bumps may be tender to the touch, warm, and swollen, and they may cause pain or discomfort when walking or standing for prolonged periods.
In most cases, erythema nodosum resolves on its own within a few weeks to several months, although symptoms can be managed with medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids. Treating the underlying condition is also important for resolving erythema nodosum and preventing recurrences.
Glioblastoma, also known as Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is a highly aggressive and malignant type of brain tumor that arises from the glial cells in the brain. These tumors are characterized by their rapid growth, invasion into surrounding brain tissue, and resistance to treatment.
Glioblastomas are composed of various cell types, including astrocytes and other glial cells, which make them highly heterogeneous and difficult to treat. They typically have a poor prognosis, with a median survival rate of 14-15 months from the time of diagnosis, even with aggressive treatment.
Symptoms of glioblastoma can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor but may include headaches, seizures, nausea, vomiting, memory loss, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, changes in personality or behavior, and weakness or paralysis on one side of the body.
Standard treatment for glioblastoma typically involves surgical resection of the tumor, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, despite these treatments, glioblastomas often recur, leading to a poor overall prognosis.
Herpes Simplex is a viral infection caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). There are two types of HSV: HSV-1 and HSV-2. Both types can cause sores or blisters on the skin or mucous membranes, but HSV-1 is typically associated with oral herpes (cold sores) and HSV-2 is usually linked to genital herpes. However, either type can infect any area of the body. The virus remains in the body for life and can reactivate periodically, causing recurrent outbreaks of lesions or blisters. It is transmitted through direct contact with infected skin or mucous membranes, such as during kissing or sexual activity.
Erythema multiforme
Urticarial erythema multiforme
Erythema multiforme minor
Erythema multiforme major
Erythema nodosum et multiforme
Constantin Levaditi
Tetrazepam
Etoricoxib
Rowell's syndrome
Orf (disease)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis
Myrnie Gifford
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Atazanavir
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Oxybenzone
Gustav Behrend
Maprotiline
HLA-DR53
Infectious mononucleosis
Pyritinol
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (medication)
Serum sickness
Efavirenz
Histoplasma capsulatum
List of periodontal diseases
Racecadotril
Desquamative gingivitis
Pentazocine
Bullous drug reaction
Erythema multiforme - Wikipedia
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Lesions18
- Erythema multiforme (EM) is a skin condition that appears with red patches evolving into target lesions, typically on both hands. (wikipedia.org)
- citation needed] Target lesion Erythema Multiforme target lesions on the leg Many suspected etiologic factors have been reported to cause EM. (wikipedia.org)
- This photo shows target (or iris) lesions caused by erythema multiforme. (msdmanuals.com)
- Clinical examination revealed symmetric maculopapular lesions predominantly on the palms and foot, with purplish center and pinkish halo (target shaped lesions), typical of erythema multiforme ( Figure , panel A, B). Results of respiratory and neurologic examinations were unremarkable. (cdc.gov)
- Acyclovir reduces the duration of symptomatic erythema multiforme lesions (EM). (medscape.com)
- Detection of a herpes simplex viral antigen in skin lesions of erythema multiforme. (medscape.com)
- Early congenital syphilis and erythema multiforme-like bullous targetoid lesions in a 1-day-old newborn: detection of Treponema pallidum genomic DNA from the targetoid plaque using nested polymerase chain reaction. (medscape.com)
- Erythema multiforme (EM) is the name applied to a group of hypersensitivity disorders, affecting mostly children and young adults, and characterized by symmetric red, patchy lesions, primarily on the arms and legs. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- The occurrence of 'target' lesions with a vesicular center following a herpes simplex virus infection and involvement of the palms is a classic presentation of erythema multiforme, D. A skin biopsy can help confirm the diagnosis. (patientcareonline.com)
- Erythema multiforme is an inflammatory reaction, characterized by target or iris skin lesions. (msdmanuals.com)
- HSV-1 is more often a cause than HSV-2, although it is unclear whether erythema multiforme lesions represent a specific or nonspecific reaction to the virus. (msdmanuals.com)
- A genetic disposition is presumed given that erythema multiforme is such a rare clinical manifestation of HSV infection, and several human leukocyte antigen subtypes have been linked with the predisposition to develop lesions. (msdmanuals.com)
- Such lesions, which are typical of erythema multiforme, can appear on the palms. (msdmanuals.com)
- Erythema multiforme is characterized by target or iris lesions, which are annular lesions with a violaceous center and pink halo separated by a pale ring. (msdmanuals.com)
- This image shows characteristic target or iris lesions of erythema multiforme. (msdmanuals.com)
- Erythema multiforme, which is due to a hypersensitivity reaction, presents with annular, raised lesions with central clearing. (aafp.org)
- 10,12 Skin lesions frequently have a characteristic bull's-eye, iris, or target lesion that consists of concentric rings of erythema alternating with normal skin color, with the darkest color at the center of the lesion. (uspharmacist.com)
- Here is a case report of erythema multiforme major which was induced by naturopathic medications in a middle-aged woman who presented with classic target lesions and was effectively treated with systemic corticosteroids which showed complete remission and no recurrence had been noted to date. (journalijrrd.com)
Cause of erythema multiforme3
- A major cause of erythema multiforme is the herpes virus (HSV). (medscape.com)
- Werchniak AE, Schwarzenberger K. Poison ivy: an underreported cause of erythema multiforme. (medscape.com)
- The cause of erythema multiforme is unknown, but it appears to be an allergic reaction that occurs in response to medications, infections, or illness. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Lesion4
- Individuals with persistent (chronic) erythema multiforme will often have a lesion form at an injury site, e.g. a minor scratch or abrasion, within a week. (wikipedia.org)
- Target lesion of erythema multiforme. (medscape.com)
- A, B) Target lesion characteristic of erythema multiforme predominant on the foot (A) and. (cdc.gov)
- Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute self-limiting hypersensitive mucocutaneous lesion with varied etiologies. (journalijrrd.com)
Known as erythema multiforme major2
- The condition varies from a mild, self-limited rash (E. multiforme minor) to a severe, life-threatening form known as erythema multiforme major (or erythema multiforme majus) that also involves mucous membranes. (wikipedia.org)
- This is known as erythema multiforme major. (medizzy.com)
Rash6
- If it does, then your child may have a similar skin rash, such as erythema multiforme, and not simple hives. (keepkidshealthy.com)
- Nettis E, Giordano D, Pierluigi T, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. Erythema multiforme-like rash in a patient sensitive to ofloxacin. (medscape.com)
- The skin rash caused by erythema multiforme minor is typically caused by a modest disease. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- Erythema multiform is usually a mild skin rash that results from an allergic reaction to the herpes simplex virus (HSV). (news-medical.net)
- Some studies describe the appearance of an erythema multiforme-like rash in patients with COVID-19. (4science.ge)
- In the second case, COVID-19 was the reason for infection and development of an erythema multiforme-like rash. (4science.ge)
Treatment of erythema multiforme2
- Systemic corticosteroid use in the treatment of erythema multiforme major (EMM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) has been debated in the medical literature for many decades. (jcadonline.com)
- Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of erythema multiforme: a review for the practicing dermatologist. (medscape.com)
Urticaria1
- Acute inflammatory dermatosis conditions include erythema multiforme (EM), pruritus (urticaria), and eczema ( TABLE 1 ). (uspharmacist.com)
Diagnosis2
- Recognizing erythema migrans is important in making the diagnosis of Lyme disease so that antibiotics can be initiated promptly. (aafp.org)
- We present a case of a 24-year-old Micronesian woman who initially presented immediately postpartum with clinical and histopathological findings suggestive of urticarial vasculitis, but a subsequent biopsy resulted in a diagnosis of erythema nodosum leprosum reaction and borderline multibacillary leprosy. (bvsalud.org)
Herpes-associated2
- Prophylaxis for recurrence of herpes-associated erythema multiforme (HAEM) should be considered in patients with more than 5 attacks per year. (medscape.com)
- Long-term suppressive therapy should be considered in patients with frequent and severe infections, specifically patients with herpes-associated erythema multiforme or eczema herpeticum. (medscape.com)
Recurrent7
- Herpes simplex virus suppression and even prophylaxis (with acyclovir) has been shown to prevent recurrent erythema multiforme eruption. (wikipedia.org)
- Because this condition may be related to recurrent HSV, recurrences of erythema multiforme may follow, with many affected individuals experiencing several recurrences per year. (medscape.com)
- In fact, recent or recurrent herpes has been reported as the principle risk factor for erythema multiforme. (medscape.com)
- Recurrent erythema multiforme: tissue typing in a large series of patients. (medscape.com)
- Recurrent erythema multiforme in association with recurrent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. (medscape.com)
- The first case refers to a 19-year-old woman with a history of idiopathic recurrent multiform erythema, with periodic exacerbations. (4science.ge)
- Recurrent erythema multiforme: A therapeutic proposal for a chronic disease. (4science.ge)
Mycoplasma2
- Erythema multiforme usually occurs as a reaction to an infectious agent such as herpes simplex virus or mycoplasma but may be a reaction to a drug. (msdmanuals.com)
- Erythema multiforme due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in two children. (journalijrrd.com)
HAEM1
- CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood transport herpes simplex virus DNA fragments to the skin of patients with erythema multiforme (HAEM). (journalijrrd.com)
Infection8
- It is a type of erythema possibly mediated by deposition of immune complexes (mostly IgM-bound complexes) in the superficial microvasculature of the skin and oral mucous membrane that usually follows an infection or drug exposure. (wikipedia.org)
- The most common etiologic association with erythema multiforme is herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which is frequently concomitant with the EM flare. (jcadonline.com)
- Erythema multiforme and latent herpes simplex infection. (medscape.com)
- Carducci M, Latini A, Acierno F, Amantea A, Capitanio B, Santucci B. Erythema multiforme during cytomegalovirus infection and oral therapy with terbinafine: a virus-drug interaction. (medscape.com)
- Erythema multiforme is a skin reaction that can be triggered by an infection or some medicines. (medizzy.com)
- Gonzalez-Delgado P, Blanes M, Soriano V, Montoro D, Loeda C, Niveiro E. Erythema multiforme to amoxicillin with concurrent infection by Epstein-Barr virus. (medscape.com)
- In the first case, the Covid-19 infection was not found to be a provoking factor for the exacerbation of erythema multiforme. (4science.ge)
- Consideration in a clinical context of Covid-19 infection and erythema multiforme is important and requires further detailed study. (4science.ge)
Mucous membranes2
- Introduction: Erythema multiforme (EM) is a disease that may affect skin and mucous membranes, and has major clinical importance because of the frequency and variety of entities that it may represent. (bvsalud.org)
- Mucous membranes may be severely affected by erythema multiforme major, which can be severe mucous membranes, and usually requires more intensive therapy. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Oral erythema2
- Cohen DM, Bhattacharyya I. Cinnamon-induced oral erythema multiformelike sensitivity reaction. (medscape.com)
- Drug induced oral erythema multiforme: Case Report. (journalijrrd.com)
Corticosteroid Therapy1
- Systemic corticosteroid therapy is controversial in erythema multiforme (EM), and some believe it may predispose to complications. (medscape.com)
Hypersensitivity2
- Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute, self-limited, and sometimes recurring skin condition that is considered to be a type IV hypersensitivity reaction associated with certain infections, medications, and other various triggers. (medscape.com)
- The pathophysiology of erythema multiforme (EM) is still not completely understood, but it is probably immunologically mediated and appears to involve a hypersensitivity reaction that can be triggered by a variety of stimuli, particularly bacterial, viral, or chemical products. (medscape.com)
Eruption1
- Erythema multiforme minor represents a localized eruption of the skin with minimal or no mucosal involvement. (medscape.com)
Minor8
- Two types, one mild to moderate and one severe, are recognized (erythema multiforme minor and erythema multiforme major). (wikipedia.org)
- There are basically two entities divided into the following: (1) erythema multiforme consisting of erythema minor and major and (2) SJS/TEN. (medscape.com)
- What are erythema multiforme major and minor? (jcadonline.com)
- Currently, two different classifications exist: first, an erythema multiforme spectrum (minor and major) and second, an SJS and TEN spectrum (now considered variants of a single disease spectrum). (jcadonline.com)
- In Pediatric Erythema Multiforme Minor, Is Herpes a Common Cause? (acepnow.com)
- Question 2: In pediatric cases of erythema multiforme (EM) minor, is herpes simplex virus (HSV) a common cause? (acepnow.com)
- No Responses to "In Pediatric Erythema Multiforme Minor, Is Herpes a Common Cause? (acepnow.com)
- It is classified as a spectrum of disorders with Erythema multiforme minor, Erythema multiforme major. (journalijrrd.com)
Clinical2
- Clinical characteristics of childhood erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Taiwanese children. (medscape.com)
- We consider the link between COVID-19 and erythema multiforme in a clinical context. (4science.ge)
Spectrum3
- epidermal detachment involves less than 10% of total body surface area Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis used to be considered part of the erythema multiforme spectrum, but that is no longer the case. (wikipedia.org)
- Erythema multiforme may be present within a wide spectrum of severity. (medscape.com)
- In the past, erythema multiforme (EM) was considered part of this disease spectrum, but is now considered a distinct disorder. (rarediseases.org)
Bullosum7
- What is erythema multiforme bullosum? (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- What are the symptoms for erythema multiforme bullosum? (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- What are the causes for erythema multiforme bullosum? (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- Erythema Multiforme Bullosum can range from mild to severe. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- These are the risk factors involved to Erythema Multiforme Bullosum. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- Being HIV-positive: The prevalence of Erythema Multiforme Bullosum is approximately 100 times higher in the HIV-positive population than in the general population. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- Cancer: Erythema Multiforme Bullosum is more common in those with cancer, especially blood cancer. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Infections1
- Erythema multiforme can be seen after or during various infections and with administration of various drugs. (ogu.edu.tr)
20181
- October 16, 2018) Variants of erythema multiforme: A Case Report and Literature Review. (journalijrrd.com)
Papules2
- Erythema multiforme manifests as the sudden onset of asymptomatic, erythematous macules, papules, wheals, vesicles, bullae, or a combination on the distal extremities (often including palms and soles) and face. (msdmanuals.com)
- Clinically, there is a distinctive distribution of fixed red papules, macules, or bullae, hence the name multiforme . (uspharmacist.com)
Reaction1
- Current thinking holds that erythema multiforme is caused by a T-cell-mediated cytolytic reaction to HSV DNA fragments present in keratinocytes. (msdmanuals.com)
Severe1
- Erythema multiforme major is a more severe, potentially life-threatening disorder. (medscape.com)
Symptoms1
- Most people with classic erythema multiforme can be treated as outpatients with therapy, such as antihistamines, addressing their symptoms. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Disorders2
- Erythema multiforme is the mildest of three skin disorders that are often discussed in relation to each other. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
- Erythema multiforme with mucous membrane involvement and Stevens-Johnson syndrome are clinically different disorders with distinct causes. (journalijrrd.com)
Manifestations1
- Erythema multiforme: A case report with oral manifestations. (journalijrrd.com)
Dermatology1
- Dominguez, AR & Lopez, SN 2021, ' Novel Treatments for Chronic Erythema Multiforme Inform Translational Science and Disease Pathogenesis ', JAMA Dermatology , vol. 157, no. 12, pp. 1411-1413. (elsevierpure.com)
Skin2
- even when a skin biopsy is performed, it is difficult to distinguish such reactions from erythema multiforme. (patientcareonline.com)
- Skin biopsy was performed and erythema multiforme was comfirmed by histopathological examination. (ogu.edu.tr)
Pityriasis rosea1
- Circular patches of scaling and erythema are clues to pityriasis rosea, A, a self-limited disease that may last for weeks to months. (patientcareonline.com)
Persistent1
- Persistent erythema multiforme: a report of three cases. (medscape.com)
Onset1
- Onset of erythema multiforme is usually sudden in an otherwise healthy individual. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Toxic2
- Erythema multiforme (EM) was once thought to be the early presentation of a continuum of diseases related to SJS, with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) believed to be a distinct entity. (jcadonline.com)
- French LE, Prins C. Erythema multiforme, Stevens- Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. (journalijrrd.com)
Syndrome1
- Erythema multiforme that occurs in patients with SLE is sometimes referred to as Rowell syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
Inflammatory1
- Drugs that have been associated with erythema multiforme include anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other antibiotics. (skincarehealthcenter.com)
Major1
- Matsuzawa Y, Fujishima S, Nakada T, Iijima M. Erythema multiforme major putatively induced by dihydrocodeine phosphate. (medscape.com)
Recognition1
- Erythema Multiforme: Recognition and Management. (4science.ge)
18602
- Erythema multiforme was first described by von Hebra in 1860. (wikipedia.org)
- Although EM was first clinically recognized in the early 19th century and referred to by a variety of names, it was not until 1860 that Ferdinand von Hebra termed the disease "erythema multiforme. (jcadonline.com)
Allergic2
- Hong SJ, Chang CH. Erythema multiforme-like generalized allergic contact dermatitis caused by Alpinia galanga. (medscape.com)
- When a cause for erythema multiforme can be found, it should be treated, eliminated, or avoided (e.g. drugs or other substances to which the patient is allergic). (skincarehealthcenter.com)