Infection, moderate to severe, caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, which occurs either on the external surface of the eye or intraocularly with probable inflammation, visual impairment, or blindness.
Infections in the inner or external eye caused by microorganisms belonging to several families of bacteria. Some of the more common genera found are Haemophilus, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Chlamydia.
An infection of the eyes characterized by the presence in conjunctival epithelial cells of inclusion bodies indistinguishable from those of trachoma. It is acquired by infants during birth and by adults from swimming pools. The etiological agent is CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS whose natural habitat appears to be the genito-urinary tract. Inclusion conjunctivitis is a less severe disease than trachoma and usually clears up spontaneously.
Plasmids controlling the synthesis of hemolysin by bacteria.
Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.
Purulent infections of the conjunctiva by several species of gram-negative, gram-positive, or acid-fast organisms. Some of the more commonly found genera causing conjunctival infections are Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Chlamydia.
The organ of sight constituting a pair of globular organs made up of a three-layered roughly spherical structure specialized for receiving and responding to light.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and covers the white part of the eye, resulting in symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, burning, discharge, and increased sensitivity to light.
Inflammation of the cornea.
Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites.
A form of herpetic keratitis characterized by the formation of small vesicles which break down and coalesce to form recurring dendritic ulcers, characteristically irregular, linear, branching, and ending in knoblike extremities. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)
Infections of the eye caused by minute intracellular agents. These infections may lead to severe inflammation in various parts of the eye - conjunctiva, iris, eyelids, etc. Several viruses have been identified as the causative agents. Among these are Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Poxvirus, and Myxovirus.
Type species of CHLAMYDIA causing a variety of ocular and urogenital diseases.
RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM analysis of rRNA genes that is used for differentiating between species or strains.
Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.
Diseases affecting the eye.
Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye.
Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.
Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.
Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary.
Injury to any part of the eye by extreme heat, chemical agents, or ultraviolet radiation.
The surgical removal of the eyeball leaving the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact.
Color of the iris.
Centers for storing various parts of the eye for future use.
Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.
Tumors or cancer of the EYE.
Processes and properties of the EYE as a whole or of any of its parts.
Light sensory organ in ARTHROPODS consisting of a large number of ommatidia, each functioning as an independent photoreceptor unit.
Personal devices for protection of the eyes from impact, flying objects, glare, liquids, or injurious radiation.
The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent.
The pressure of the fluids in the eye.
Deeply perforating or puncturing type intraocular injuries.
Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS.
Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the eye.
Methods and procedures for recording EYE MOVEMENTS.
The positioning and accommodation of eyes that allows the image to be brought into place on the FOVEA CENTRALIS of each eye.
The back two-thirds of the eye that includes the anterior hyaloid membrane and all of the optical structures behind it: the VITREOUS HUMOR; RETINA; CHOROID; and OPTIC NERVE.
An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)
The transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the CRYSTALLINE LENS of the EYE and in front of the RETINA. It is contained in a thin hyaloid membrane and forms about four fifths of the optic globe.
The white, opaque, fibrous, outer tunic of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea. It is essentially avascular but contains apertures for vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. It receives the tendons of insertion of the extraocular muscles and at the corneoscleral junction contains the canal of Schlemm. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)
The distance between the anterior and posterior poles of the eye, measured either by ULTRASONOGRAPHY or by partial coherence interferometry.
The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and that part of the crystalline lens which presents through the pupil. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p109)
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.
The clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. It has a refractive index lower than the crystalline lens, which it surrounds, and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea and the crystalline lens. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p319)
The most anterior portion of the uveal layer, separating the anterior chamber from the posterior. It consists of two layers - the stroma and the pigmented epithelium. Color of the iris depends on the amount of melanin in the stroma on reflection from the pigmented epithelium.
A ring of tissue extending from the scleral spur to the ora serrata of the RETINA. It consists of the uveal portion and the epithelial portion. The ciliary muscle is in the uveal portion and the ciliary processes are in the epithelial portion.
The fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA.
A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.
The total area or space visible in a person's peripheral vision with the eye looking straightforward.
Eye movements that are slow, continuous, and conjugate and occur when a fixed object is moved slowly.
Commonly known as parasitic worms, this group includes the ACANTHOCEPHALA; NEMATODA; and PLATYHELMINTHS. Some authors consider certain species of LEECHES that can become temporarily parasitic as helminths.
Infestation with parasitic worms of the helminth class.
Proteins found in any species of helminth.
Aspects of health and disease related to travel.
A noninvasive technique that enables direct microscopic examination of the surface and architecture of the SKIN.
Any technique by which an unknown color is evaluated in terms of standard colors. The technique may be visual, photoelectric, or indirect by means of spectrophotometry. It is used in chemistry and physics. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Ophthalmoscopic abnormalities in adults with falciparum malaria. (1/121)

We studied 424 adults with falciparum malaria admitted over 28 months. They were divided into three groups: cerebral malaria (n = 214); severe non-cerebral malaria (n = 58); and uncomplicated malaria (n = 152). Fundus examination was done daily from admission to discharge, and weekly thereafter in those with persistent changes. All patients were treated by a protocol based on WHO guidelines. Ophthalmoscopic abnormalities were: retinal haemorrhages, 40 (9.43%) (25 cerebral malaria, 10 severe non-cerebral and five uncomplicated malaria); papilloedema, 17 (7.94%) cerebral malaria and two uncomplicated malaria; blurring of disc margins, 25 (11.68%) cerebral and seven non-cerebral; retinal oedema, six (2.80%) cerebral and five non-cerebral malaria; disc pallor, five patients all with cerebral malaria; vitreous haemorrhage and hard exudate in one patient each, both cerebral malaria. Retinal haemorrhage was associated with cerebral malaria and severe non-cerebral malaria, especially with severe anaemia (p < 0.001), as compared to uncomplicated malaria (p < 0.01). The association of papilloedema and cerebral malaria was highly significant compared to severe non-cerebral malaria (p < 0.001). None of these findings was associated with statistically significant mortality, except disc pallor in cerebral malaria (p < 0.05).  (+info)

First report of Thelazia sp. from a captive Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) in Japan. (2/121)

Nematodes of the genus Thelazia were recovered from the cornea and inferior conjunctival sac of an immature Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana). The bird hatched and reared at the Toyooka Oriental White Stork Breeding Center, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, but died of chlamydiosis. There were neither gross nor histopathologic ophthalmic lesions. The eye worm from a bird is believed to be first reported in Japan. As regarding reintroduction plan for the Oriental white stork, control measures for prevent further infection with the eye worm will be needed.  (+info)

Natural mass infection by heterophyid metacercariae in aquacultured Japanese eel in Taiwan. (3/121)

A natural mass infection of heterophyid metacercariae in aquacultured Japanese eel Anguilla japonica in Taiwan was observed. Of the 28,000 adult eels in 2 ponds, about 25,000 (90%) showed swollen, cloudy and white eyes. Although morbidity was about 90%, there was no mortality among the affected eels. Histopathological sections showed edema and hemorrhage of the eye. Numerous metacercariae were observed in the muscle tissues around the eyeball, the subcutaneous tissue and even in the cartilage. Of the 6 eels digested with artificial gastric juice, all were found to contain metacercariae in their muscle tissues. The average number of metacercariae recovered from the 6 eels was 1219, with a range of 50 to 3762. These metacercariae, when fed orally to immunodeficient (scid) mice, developed into adult worms which were identified as Procerovum cheni Hsu 1950. The naturally infected eels were transferred to a new pond without snails and their eye lesions were not apparent anymore after 2 wk. In a follow-up investigation, 19 of 20 apparently healthy eels in a nearby aquaculture farm were found to harbour metacercariae in their muscles. However, the number of the metacercariae ranged from 1 to 14, with an average of 4.21. This is the first report of heterophyid metacercariae causing mass morbidity in aquacultured eels.  (+info)

Aetiological study of the presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome in the Netherlands. (4/121)

AIM: To investigate whether presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome in the Netherlands is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum and whether other risk factors might play a role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. METHODS: 23 patients were clinically diagnosed as having presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome based on the following criteria: peripapillary atrophy, punched out lesions, a macular disciform lesion or scar in one eye without vitritis. As controls, 66 sex and age matched healthy volunteers were used. Serum samples from both patients and controls were tested for the presence of antibodies against H capsulatum, Toxoplasma gondii, Toxocara canis et cati, Ascaris sp, and for the presence of antigens of Cryptococcus neoformans. Serum samples were also tested for the presence of autoantibodies against retinal or choroidal proteins. To investigate other risk factors, patients and controls were asked to fill in a health and travel related questionnaire. Ten patients with ocular toxoplasmosis were used as a disease control group. RESULTS: None of the patients with presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome or controls had circulating antibodies directed against H capsulatum. No risk factors could be identified and no indications for autoimmunity and no evidence for the role of the other infectious agents could be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: In a Dutch group of patients fulfilling the criteria of a disease currently named presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, no risk factors or relation with the fungus H capsulatum could be detected.  (+info)

New animal model for human ocular toxocariasis: ophthalmoscopic observation. (5/121)

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although human ocular toxocariasis causes severe vision defect, little is known about its aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment. To develop a new animal model for human ocular toxocariasis, ophthalmological findings of fundi in Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, and BALB/c mice were investigated following infection with Toxocara canis. METHODS: Using an ophthalmoscope, which was specifically developed to observe the fundi of small animals, ocular changes of fundi of 20 gerbils and 11 mice were monitored after oral infection with embryonated eggs of T canis. RESULTS: Vitreous, choroidal, and retinal haemorrhages were consistently observed in Mongolian gerbils, but rarely in mice. Severe exudative lesions and vasculitis were often present in gerbils but not in mice. Migrating larvae were also frequently observed in gerbils. CONCLUSION: Mongolian gerbils are more appropriate animal model for human ocular toxocariasis than previously used experimental animal such as mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and monkeys because of its high susceptibility of ocular infection.  (+info)

Ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador: case report and morphometric study of the larva of Linguatula serrata. (6/121)

Linguatula serrata is a pentastomid, a cosmopolitan parasite belonging to the Phylum Pentastomida. Humans may act as an intermediate or accidental definitive host of this parasite, manifesting the nasopharyngeal or visceral form, with the latter having been described more frequently. The occurrence of ocular linguatuliasis is extremely rare, but it has been reported in the United States and Israel. The objective of the present paper was to report the first case of ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador and to extend the morphologic study of L. serrata by morphometric analysis. The patient studied was a 34-year old woman from Guayaquil, Ecuador who complained of ocular pain with conjunctivitis and visual difficulties of two-months duration. Biomicroscopic examination revealed a mobile body in the anterior chamber of the eye. The mobile body was surgically removed. The specimen was fixed in alcohol, cleared using the technique of Loos, stained with acetic carmine, and mounted on balsam between a slide and a coverslip. It was observed with stereoscopic and common light microscopes in combination with an automatic system for image analysis and processing. The morphologic and morphometric characteristics corresponded to the third-instar larval form of L. serrata. To our knowledge, ocular linguatuliasis has not been previously described in South America, with this being the first report for Ecuador and South America. The present study shows that computer morphometry can adequately contribute both to the morphologic study and to the systematic classification of Pentastomids, and L. serrata in particular.  (+info)

A case of presumed ocular toxocariasis in a 28-year old woman. (7/121)

This is a case of presumed ocular toxocariasis in a 28-year old woman complaining of a sudden onset of nasal side field defect of the right eye. The patient had been suffering from uveitis for ten months. Fundoscopic examination of the right eye showed a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Furthermore, a retinochoroidal granulomatous lesion was observed nearby the tear site. Scleral buckling, cryotherapy, and gas injection(SF6, pure gas, 0.7 cc) were conducted. Mebendazole was prescribed for one month at 25 mg/kg per body weight daily. Even though the interventions resulted in the recovery of the field defect, anti-Toxocara IgG and IgE titer levels did not decrease when checked three months after the treatment ended. This is the first confirmed serological ocular toxocariasis case in Korea. Uveitis may be a clinical presentation prior to retinal detachment of a person with toxocariasis.  (+info)

Palpebral myiasis. (8/121)

Myiasis is most prevalent in Mexico, central and south America, tropical Africa, and the southwestern United States. Although dermal myiasis is rare in most of the United States, it is a disorder that may be seen in international travelers. In the United States, external myiasis is usually caused by the cattle botfly. We report here a case of ophthalmomyiasis involving the left upper eyelid of a child. We examined a six-year-old boy who presented to the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (MEEI) in September 1998. He complained of persistent swelling of his left upper eyelid for the previous ten days. The edema and erythema were unresponsive to warm compresses and oral antibiotics. Ocular examination revealed a mild preseptal cellulitis of the left upper eyelid with a small draining fistula. On slit-lamp examination, we found one larva protruding intermittently from the fistula site. The larva was extracted with forceps, wrapped in a moist towel and sent in a jar to the parasitology laboratory. The specimen was identified as a Cuterebra larva by a parasitologist at the Harvard School of Public Health. One week later, the patient's eyelid edema and erythema had completely resolved.  (+info)

Eye infections, also known as ocular infections, are conditions characterized by the invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in any part of the eye or its surrounding structures. These infections can affect various parts of the eye, including the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis), cornea (keratitis), eyelid (blepharitis), or the internal structures of the eye (endophthalmitis, uveitis). The symptoms may include redness, pain, discharge, itching, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light. The cause can be bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic, and the treatment typically involves antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals, depending on the underlying cause.

Bacterial eye infections, also known as bacterial conjunctivitis or bacterial keratitis, are caused by the invasion of bacteria into the eye. The most common types of bacteria that cause these infections include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. Symptoms include redness, swelling, pain, discharge, and a gritty feeling in the eye. Bacterial keratitis is an infection of the cornea, the clear front part of the eye. Symptoms include severe pain, sensitivity to light, tearing, and decreased vision.

Bacterial eye infections are typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments. It is important to seek medical attention promptly if you suspect a bacterial eye infection, as untreated infections can lead to serious complications such as corneal ulcers and vision loss. Preventive measures include good hygiene practices, such as washing your hands frequently and avoiding touching or rubbing your eyes.

Inclusion conjunctivitis is a type of bacterial conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva) that is caused by specific types of bacteria, most commonly Chlamydia trachomatis. It is also known as trachoma, which is a leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. The infection leads to the formation of small, inclusion-containing intracytoplasmic inclusions in the conjunctival epithelial cells, hence the name "inclusion conjunctivitis."

The symptoms of inclusion conjunctivitis include redness, irritation, and discharge from the eyes. It can also cause swelling of the lymph nodes near the ears. In severe cases, it can lead to scarring and damage to the cornea, potentially resulting in vision loss. The infection is typically spread through direct contact with eye or nose discharge from an infected person, and it can also be sexually transmitted.

Treatment for inclusion conjunctivitis usually involves antibiotics, such as azithromycin or doxycycline, to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection. It is important to complete the full course of treatment to ensure that the infection is fully cleared and to prevent recurrence. In addition, good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items like towels and washcloths, can help prevent the spread of the infection.

"Hemolysin factors" is not a standard medical term, and it seems there might be some confusion in the question. However, I can provide information on hemolysins, which are substances that cause lysis (rupture) of red blood cells, resulting in the release of their contents into the surrounding fluid.

Hemolysins can be produced by various sources, such as:

1. Bacterial hemolysins: Some bacteria produce hemolysins as a virulence factor to aid in infecting the host. These hemolysins can be classified into two main types: exotoxins (secreted by the bacterium) and endotoxins (integral components of the bacterial cell membrane). Examples include streptolysin O and streptolysin S from Streptococcus pyogenes, hemolysin from Escherichia coli, and α-toxin from Staphylococcus aureus.
2. Complement system: The complement system is a part of the immune response that can cause hemolysis through the membrane attack complex (MAC). This complex forms pores in the red blood cell membrane, leading to lysis.
3. Autoimmune disorders: In some autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the body produces antibodies against its own red blood cells, causing complement-mediated hemolysis.
4. Medicines and chemicals: Certain medications or chemicals can cause hemolysis as a side effect. These include some antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporins), chemotherapeutic agents, and snake venoms.

If you meant to ask about something else related to "hemolysin factors," please provide more context so I can give a more accurate answer.

Keratoconjunctivitis is a medical term that refers to the inflammation of both the cornea (the clear, outer layer at the front of the eye) and the conjunctiva (the mucous membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids and the white part of the eye).

The condition can cause symptoms such as redness, pain, sensitivity to light, watery eyes, and a gritty or burning sensation in the eyes. Keratoconjunctivitis can be caused by various factors, including viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or environmental irritants like dust, smoke, or chemical fumes.

Treatment for keratoconjunctivitis depends on the underlying cause of the condition and may include medications such as antibiotics, antivirals, or anti-inflammatory agents to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. In some cases, artificial tears or lubricants may also be recommended to help keep the eyes moist and comfortable.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is a type of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva) that is caused by bacterial infection. The most common bacteria responsible for this condition are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.

The symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis include redness, swelling, and pain in the eye, along with a thick, sticky discharge that can cause the eyelids to stick together, especially upon waking up. Other symptoms may include tearing, itching, and sensitivity to light. Bacterial conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can spread easily through contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects such as towels, handkerchiefs, or makeup.

Treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis typically involves the use of antibiotic eye drops or ointments to eliminate the infection. In some cases, oral antibiotics may also be prescribed. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect that you have bacterial conjunctivitis, as untreated infections can lead to serious complications such as corneal ulcers and vision loss.

The eye is the organ of sight, primarily responsible for detecting and focusing on visual stimuli. It is a complex structure composed of various parts that work together to enable vision. Here are some of the main components of the eye:

1. Cornea: The clear front part of the eye that refracts light entering the eye and protects the eye from harmful particles and microorganisms.
2. Iris: The colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light reaching the retina by adjusting the size of the pupil.
3. Pupil: The opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
4. Lens: A biconvex structure located behind the iris that further refracts light and focuses it onto the retina.
5. Retina: A layer of light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) at the back of the eye that convert light into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve.
6. Optic Nerve: The nerve that carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
7. Vitreous: A clear, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina, providing structural support to the eye.
8. Conjunctiva: A thin, transparent membrane that covers the front of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.
9. Extraocular Muscles: Six muscles that control the movement of the eye, allowing for proper alignment and focus.

The eye is a remarkable organ that allows us to perceive and interact with our surroundings. Various medical specialties, such as ophthalmology and optometry, are dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of various eye conditions and diseases.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva, a thin, clear membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids and the outer surface of the eye. The condition can cause redness, itching, burning, tearing, discomfort, and a gritty feeling in the eyes. It can also result in a discharge that can be clear, yellow, or greenish.

Conjunctivitis can have various causes, including bacterial or viral infections, allergies, irritants (such as smoke, chlorine, or contact lens solutions), and underlying medical conditions (like dry eye or autoimmune disorders). Treatment depends on the cause of the condition but may include antibiotics, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory medications, or warm compresses.

It is essential to maintain good hygiene practices, like washing hands frequently and avoiding touching or rubbing the eyes, to prevent spreading conjunctivitis to others. If you suspect you have conjunctivitis, it's recommended that you consult an eye care professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

Keratitis is a medical condition that refers to inflammation of the cornea, which is the clear, dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye. The cornea plays an essential role in focusing vision, and any damage or infection can cause significant visual impairment. Keratitis can result from various causes, including bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections, as well as trauma, allergies, or underlying medical conditions such as dry eye syndrome. Symptoms of keratitis may include redness, pain, tearing, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and a feeling of something foreign in the eye. Treatment for keratitis depends on the underlying cause but typically includes antibiotics, antivirals, or anti-fungal medications, as well as measures to alleviate symptoms and promote healing.

Parasitic eye infections are conditions characterized by the invasion and infestation of the eye or its surrounding structures by parasites. These can be protozoans, helminths, or ectoparasites. Examples of such infections include Acanthamoeba keratitis, which is caused by a free-living amoeba found in water and soil; Toxoplasmosis, which is caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii; Loiasis, which is caused by the parasitic filarial worm Loa loa; and Demodicosis, which is caused by the mite Demodex folliculorum. Symptoms can vary depending on the type of parasite but often include redness, pain, discharge, and vision changes. Treatment typically involves antiparasitic medications and sometimes surgery to remove the parasites or damaged tissue. Prevention measures include good hygiene practices and avoiding contact with contaminated water or soil.

Dendritic keratitis is a specific form of keratitis, which is inflammation of the cornea. The term "dendritic" refers to the characteristic appearance of the lesion on the cornea, which resembles a branching tree or a dendrite.

Dendritic keratitis is most commonly caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, although other infectious and non-infectious etiologies can also produce similar lesions. The condition is characterized by the presence of a branching, dendrite-like ulcer on the corneal epithelium, often accompanied by symptoms such as eye pain, redness, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and tearing.

Treatment for dendritic keratitis typically involves antiviral medications to manage the underlying HSV-1 infection, as well as measures to promote corneal healing and reduce discomfort. It is essential to seek prompt medical attention if you suspect dendritic keratitis, as untreated or improperly managed cases can lead to serious complications, including corneal scarring, vision loss, and potential blindness.

Viral eye infections are caused by viruses that invade different parts of the eye, leading to inflammation and irritation. Some common types of viral eye infections include conjunctivitis (pink eye), keratitis, and dendritic ulcers. These infections can cause symptoms such as redness, watering, soreness, sensitivity to light, and discharge. In some cases, viral eye infections can also lead to complications like corneal scarring and vision loss if left untreated. They are often highly contagious and can spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or respiratory droplets. Antiviral medications may be used to treat certain types of viral eye infections, but in many cases, the infection will resolve on its own over time. Preventive measures such as good hygiene and avoiding touching the eyes can help reduce the risk of viral eye infections.

'Chlamydia trachomatis' is a species of bacterium that is the causative agent of several infectious diseases in humans. It is an obligate intracellular pathogen, meaning it can only survive and reproduce inside host cells. The bacteria are transmitted through sexual contact, and can cause a range of genital tract infections, including urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and epididymitis. In women, chlamydial infection can also lead to serious complications such as ectopic pregnancy and infertility.

In addition to genital infections, 'Chlamydia trachomatis' is also responsible for two other diseases: trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). Trachoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide, affecting mostly children in developing countries. It is spread through contact with contaminated hands, clothing, or eye secretions. LGV is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause inflammation of the lymph nodes, rectum, and genitals.

'Chlamydia trachomatis' infections are often asymptomatic, making them difficult to diagnose and treat. However, they can be detected through laboratory tests such as nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) or culture. Treatment typically involves antibiotics such as azithromycin or doxycycline. Prevention measures include safe sex practices, regular screening for STIs, and good hygiene.

Ribotyping is a molecular technique used in microbiology to identify and differentiate bacterial strains based on their specific PCR-amplified ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. This method involves the use of specific DNA probes or primers to target conserved regions of the rRNA operon, followed by hybridization or sequencing to analyze the resulting patterns. These patterns, known as "ribotypes," are unique to different bacterial species and strains, making ribotyping a valuable tool in epidemiological studies, outbreak investigations, and taxonomic classification of bacteria.

Fungal eye infections, also known as fungal keratitis or ocular fungal infections, are caused by the invasion of fungi into the eye. The most common types of fungi that cause these infections include Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Candida. These infections can affect any part of the eye, including the cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, and vitreous humor.

Fungal eye infections often present with symptoms such as redness, pain, sensitivity to light, tearing, blurred vision, and discharge. In severe cases, they can lead to corneal ulcers, perforation of the eye, and even blindness if left untreated. Risk factors for fungal eye infections include trauma to the eye, contact lens wear, immunosuppression, and pre-existing eye conditions such as dry eye or previous eye surgery.

Diagnosis of fungal eye infections typically involves a thorough eye examination, including visual acuity testing, slit lamp examination, and sometimes corneal scrapings for microbiological culture and sensitivity testing. Treatment usually involves topical antifungal medications, such as natamycin or amphotericin B, and in some cases may require oral or intravenous antifungal therapy. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove infected tissue or repair any damage caused by the infection.

Eye diseases are a range of conditions that affect the eye or visual system, causing damage to vision and, in some cases, leading to blindness. These diseases can be categorized into various types, including:

1. Refractive errors: These include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia, which affect the way light is focused on the retina and can usually be corrected with glasses or contact lenses.
2. Cataracts: A clouding of the lens inside the eye that leads to blurry vision, glare, and decreased contrast sensitivity. Cataract surgery is the most common treatment for this condition.
3. Glaucoma: A group of diseases characterized by increased pressure in the eye, leading to damage to the optic nerve and potential blindness if left untreated. Treatment includes medications, laser therapy, or surgery.
4. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): A progressive condition that affects the central part of the retina called the macula, causing blurry vision and, in advanced stages, loss of central vision. Treatment may include anti-VEGF injections, laser therapy, or nutritional supplements.
5. Diabetic retinopathy: A complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels in the retina, leading to bleeding, leakage, and potential blindness if left untreated. Treatment includes laser therapy, anti-VEGF injections, or surgery.
6. Retinal detachment: A separation of the retina from its underlying tissue, which can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly with surgery.
7. Amblyopia (lazy eye): A condition where one eye does not develop normal vision, often due to a misalignment or refractive error in childhood. Treatment includes correcting the underlying problem and encouraging the use of the weaker eye through patching or other methods.
8. Strabismus (crossed eyes): A misalignment of the eyes that can lead to amblyopia if not treated promptly with surgery, glasses, or other methods.
9. Corneal diseases: Conditions that affect the transparent outer layer of the eye, such as keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy, and infectious keratitis, which can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly.
10. Uveitis: Inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, which can cause vision loss if not treated promptly with anti-inflammatory medications or surgery.

Eye movements, also known as ocular motility, refer to the voluntary or involuntary motion of the eyes that allows for visual exploration of our environment. There are several types of eye movements, including:

1. Saccades: rapid, ballistic movements that quickly shift the gaze from one point to another.
2. Pursuits: smooth, slow movements that allow the eyes to follow a moving object.
3. Vergences: coordinated movements of both eyes in opposite directions, usually in response to a three-dimensional stimulus.
4. Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR): automatic eye movements that help stabilize the gaze during head movement.
5. Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN): rhythmic eye movements that occur in response to large moving visual patterns, such as when looking out of a moving vehicle.

Abnormalities in eye movements can indicate neurological or ophthalmological disorders and are often assessed during clinical examinations.

Eye injuries refer to any damage or trauma caused to the eye or its surrounding structures. These injuries can vary in severity and may include:

1. Corneal abrasions: A scratch or scrape on the clear surface of the eye (cornea).
2. Chemical burns: Occurs when chemicals come into contact with the eye, causing damage to the cornea and other structures.
3. Eyelid lacerations: Cuts or tears to the eyelid.
4. Subconjunctival hemorrhage: Bleeding under the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye.
5. Hyphema: Accumulation of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye, which is the space between the cornea and iris.
6. Orbital fractures: Breaks in the bones surrounding the eye.
7. Retinal detachment: Separation of the retina from its underlying tissue, which can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly.
8. Traumatic uveitis: Inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, caused by trauma.
9. Optic nerve damage: Damage to the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain.

Eye injuries can result from a variety of causes, including accidents, sports-related injuries, violence, and chemical exposure. It is important to seek medical attention promptly for any suspected eye injury to prevent further damage and potential vision loss.

Dry eye syndrome, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a condition characterized by insufficient lubrication and moisture of the eyes. This occurs when the tears produced by the eyes are not sufficient in quantity or quality to keep the eyes moist and comfortable. The medical definition of dry eye syndromes includes the following symptoms:

1. A gritty or sandy sensation in the eyes
2. Burning or stinging sensations
3. Redness and irritation
4. Blurred vision that improves with blinking
5. Light sensitivity
6. A feeling of something foreign in the eye
7. Stringy mucus in or around the eyes
8. Difficulty wearing contact lenses
9. Watery eyes, which may seem contradictory but can be a response to dryness
10. Eye fatigue and discomfort after prolonged screen time or reading

The causes of dry eye syndromes can include aging, hormonal changes, certain medical conditions (such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjogren's syndrome), medications (antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, birth control pills), environmental factors (dry air, wind, smoke, dust), and prolonged screen time or reading.

Treatment for dry eye syndromes depends on the severity of the condition and its underlying causes. It may include artificial tears, lifestyle changes, prescription medications, and in some cases, surgical procedures to improve tear production or drainage.

Eye abnormalities refer to any structural or functional anomalies that affect the eye or its surrounding tissues. These abnormalities can be present at birth (congenital) or acquired later in life due to various factors such as injury, disease, or aging. Some examples of eye abnormalities include:

1. Strabismus: Also known as crossed eyes, strabismus is a condition where the eyes are misaligned and point in different directions.
2. Nystagmus: This is an involuntary movement of the eyes that can be horizontal, vertical, or rotatory.
3. Cataracts: A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye that can cause vision loss.
4. Glaucoma: This is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss.
5. Retinal disorders: These include conditions such as retinal detachment, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.
6. Corneal abnormalities: These include conditions such as keratoconus, corneal ulcers, and Fuchs' dystrophy.
7. Orbital abnormalities: These include conditions such as orbital tumors, thyroid eye disease, and Graves' ophthalmopathy.
8. Ptosis: This is a condition where the upper eyelid droops over the eye.
9. Color blindness: A condition where a person has difficulty distinguishing between certain colors.
10. Microphthalmia: A condition where one or both eyes are abnormally small.

These are just a few examples of eye abnormalities, and there are many others that can affect the eye and its functioning. If you suspect that you have an eye abnormality, it is important to consult with an ophthalmologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Eye burns typically refer to injuries or damage to the eyes caused by exposure to harmful substances, extreme temperatures, or radiation. This can result in a variety of symptoms, including redness, pain, tearing, swelling, and blurred vision.

Chemical eye burns can occur when the eyes come into contact with strong acids, alkalis, or other irritants. These substances can cause damage to the cornea, conjunctiva, and other structures of the eye. The severity of the burn will depend on the type and concentration of the chemical, as well as the length of time it was in contact with the eye.

Thermal eye burns can result from exposure to hot or cold temperatures, such as steam, flames, or extreme cold. These types of burns can cause damage to the surface of the eye and may require medical attention to prevent further complications.

Radiation eye burns can occur after exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) light, such as from welding torches, sun lamps, or tanning beds. Prolonged exposure to these sources can cause damage to the cornea and other structures of the eye, leading to symptoms like pain, redness, and sensitivity to light.

If you experience symptoms of an eye burn, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. Treatment may include flushing the eyes with water or saline solution, administering medication to relieve pain and inflammation, or in severe cases, surgery to repair damaged tissue.

Eye enucleation is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the entire eyeball, leaving the eye muscles, eyelids, and orbital structures intact. This procedure is typically performed to treat severe eye conditions or injuries, such as uncontrollable pain, blindness, cancer, or trauma. After the eyeball is removed, an implant may be placed in the socket to help maintain its shape and appearance. The optic nerve and other surrounding tissues are cut during the enucleation procedure, which means that vision cannot be restored in the affected eye. However, the remaining eye structures can still function normally, allowing for regular blinking, tear production, and eyelid movement.

Eye color is a characteristic determined by variations in a person's genes. The color of the eyes depends on the amount and type of pigment called melanin found in the eye's iris.

There are three main types of eye colors: brown, blue, and green. Brown eyes have the most melanin, while blue eyes have the least. Green eyes have a moderate amount of melanin combined with a golden tint that reflects light to give them their unique color.

Eye color is a polygenic trait, which means it is influenced by multiple genes. The two main genes responsible for eye color are OCA2 and HERC2, both located on chromosome 15. These genes control the production, transport, and storage of melanin in the iris.

It's important to note that eye color can change during infancy and early childhood due to the development of melanin in the iris. Additionally, some medications or medical conditions may also cause changes in eye color over time.

An Eye Bank is an organization that collects, stores, and distributes donated human eyes for corneal transplantation and other ocular medical research purposes. The eye bank's primary function is to ensure the quality of the donated tissue and make it available for those in need of sight-restoring procedures.

The cornea, the clear front part of the eye, can be surgically transplanted from a deceased donor to a recipient with corneal damage or disease, thereby improving or restoring their vision. The eye bank's role includes obtaining consent for donation, retrieving the eyes from the donor, evaluating the tissue for suitability, preserving it properly, and then allocating it to surgeons for transplantation.

Eye banks follow strict medical guidelines and adhere to ethical standards to ensure the safety and quality of the donated tissues. The process involves screening potential donors for infectious diseases and other conditions that may affect the quality or safety of the cornea. Once deemed suitable, the corneas are carefully removed, preserved in specific solutions, and stored until they are needed for transplantation.

In addition to corneal transplants, eye banks also support research and education in ophthalmology by providing human eye tissues for various studies aimed at advancing our understanding of eye diseases and developing new treatments.

Visual acuity is a measure of the sharpness or clarity of vision. It is usually tested by reading an eye chart from a specific distance, such as 20 feet (6 meters). The standard eye chart used for this purpose is called the Snellen chart, which contains rows of letters that decrease in size as you read down the chart.

Visual acuity is typically expressed as a fraction, with the numerator representing the testing distance and the denominator indicating the smallest line of type that can be read clearly. For example, if a person can read the line on the eye chart that corresponds to a visual acuity of 20/20, it means they have normal vision at 20 feet. If their visual acuity is 20/40, it means they must be as close as 20 feet to see what someone with normal vision can see at 40 feet.

It's important to note that visual acuity is just one aspect of overall vision and does not necessarily reflect other important factors such as peripheral vision, depth perception, color vision, or contrast sensitivity.

Eye neoplasms, also known as ocular tumors or eye cancer, refer to abnormal growths of tissue in the eye. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Eye neoplasms can develop in various parts of the eye, including the eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, ciliary body, choroid, retina, and optic nerve.

Benign eye neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as vision changes, eye pain, or a noticeable mass in the eye. Treatment options for benign eye neoplasms include monitoring, surgical removal, or radiation therapy.

Malignant eye neoplasms, on the other hand, can grow and spread rapidly to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as vision changes, eye pain, floaters, or flashes of light. Treatment options for malignant eye neoplasms depend on the type and stage of cancer but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.

It is important to note that early detection and treatment of eye neoplasms can improve outcomes and prevent complications. Regular eye exams with an ophthalmologist are recommended for early detection and prevention of eye diseases, including eye neoplasms.

"Ocular physiological phenomena" is not a standardized medical term with a specific definition. However, I can provide some examples of ocular physiological phenomena, which refer to various normal functions and processes that occur in the eye. Here are a few examples:

1. Accommodation: The ability of the eye to change optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. This is primarily achieved by changing the curvature of the lens through the action of the ciliary muscles.
2. Pupillary reflex: The automatic adjustment of the pupil's size in response to changes in light intensity. In bright light, the pupil constricts (miosis), while in dim light, it dilates (mydriasis). This reflex helps regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.
3. Tear production: The continuous secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands to keep the eyes moist and protected from dust, microorganisms, and other foreign particles.
4. Extraocular muscle function: The coordinated movement of the six extraocular muscles that control eyeball rotation and enable various gaze directions.
5. Color vision: The ability to perceive and distinguish different colors based on the sensitivity of photoreceptor cells (cones) in the retina to specific wavelengths of light.
6. Dark adaptation: The process by which the eyes adjust to low-light conditions, improving visual sensitivity primarily through changes in the rod photoreceptors' sensitivity and pupil dilation.
7. Light adaptation: The ability of the eye to adjust to different levels of illumination, mainly through alterations in pupil size and photoreceptor cell response.

These are just a few examples of ocular physiological phenomena. There are many more processes and functions that occur within the eye, contributing to our visual perception and overall eye health.

A compound eye is a characteristic type of eye found in arthropods, including insects, crustaceans, and some extinct fossil groups. Each eye is composed of numerous individual photoreceptor units called ommatidia, which function together to provide a wide field of vision and excellent motion detection capabilities.

In an arthropod compound eye, each ommatidium contains a group of visual cells (called retinula cells) surrounding a central rhabdomere, which is the light-sensitive structure that converts light into electrical signals. The number of ommatidia in a compound eye can vary greatly between species and even within different regions of an individual's eye, ranging from just a few to tens of thousands.

Compound eyes offer several advantages for arthropods:

1. Wide Field of Vision: Compound eyes provide a panoramic view of the environment, allowing arthropods to detect predators, prey, or mates from various directions simultaneously.
2. Motion Detection: The apposition-type compound eye (one type of compound eye structure) is particularly adept at detecting motion due to the neural processing of signals between adjacent ommatidia. This allows arthropods to respond quickly to potential threats or opportunities.
3. Light Adaptation: Compound eyes can adapt to different light conditions, allowing arthropods to function effectively in both bright daylight and dimly lit environments. Some species have specialized regions within their compound eyes that are optimized for specific light conditions, such as the dorsal rim area in insects, which is sensitive to polarized skylight.
4. UV Sensitivity: Many arthropods can detect ultraviolet (UV) light due to the presence of photopigments within their ommatidia that absorb UV wavelengths. This ability allows them to perceive patterns and cues in their environment that are invisible to humans, such as floral guides in bees or mate-recognition signals in certain insects.

Despite their limitations in terms of resolution and image quality compared to vertebrate eyes, compound eyes have evolved to serve the unique needs and ecological roles of arthropods effectively.

Eye protective devices are specialized equipment designed to protect the eyes from various hazards and injuries. They include items such as safety glasses, goggles, face shields, welding helmets, and full-face respirators. These devices are engineered to provide a barrier between the eyes and potential dangers like chemical splashes, impact particles, radiation, and other environmental hazards.

Safety glasses are designed to protect against flying debris, dust, and other airborne particles. They typically have side shields to prevent objects from entering the eye from the sides. Goggles offer a higher level of protection than safety glasses as they form a protective seal around the eyes, preventing liquids and fine particles from reaching the eyes.

Face shields and welding helmets are used in industrial settings to protect against radiation, sparks, and molten metal during welding or cutting operations. Full-face respirators are used in environments with harmful airborne particles or gases, providing protection for both the eyes and the respiratory system.

It is essential to choose the appropriate eye protective device based on the specific hazard present to ensure adequate protection.

The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrates and some cephalopods. It receives light that has been focused by the cornea and lens, converts it into neural signals, and sends these to the brain via the optic nerve. The retina contains several types of photoreceptor cells including rods (which handle vision in low light) and cones (which are active in bright light and are capable of color vision).

In medical terms, any pathological changes or diseases affecting the retinal structure and function can lead to visual impairment or blindness. Examples include age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, and retinitis pigmentosa among others.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure within the eye, specifically within the anterior chamber, which is the space between the cornea and the iris. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The aqueous humor, a clear fluid that fills the anterior chamber, is constantly produced and drained, maintaining a balance that determines the IOP. Normal IOP ranges from 10-21 mmHg, with average values around 15-16 mmHg. Elevated IOP is a key risk factor for glaucoma, a group of eye conditions that can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated promptly and effectively. Regular monitoring of IOP is essential in diagnosing and managing glaucoma and other ocular health issues.

Penetrating eye injuries are a type of ocular trauma where a foreign object or substance pierces the outer layers of the eye and damages the internal structures. This can result in serious harm to various parts of the eye, such as the cornea, iris, lens, or retina, and may potentially cause vision loss or blindness if not promptly treated.

The severity of a penetrating eye injury depends on several factors, including the type and size of the object that caused the injury, the location of the wound, and the extent of damage to the internal structures. Common causes of penetrating eye injuries include sharp objects, such as metal shards or glass fragments, projectiles, such as pellets or bullets, and explosive materials.

Symptoms of a penetrating eye injury may include pain, redness, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, floaters, or the presence of a foreign body in the eye. If you suspect that you have sustained a penetrating eye injury, it is essential to seek immediate medical attention from an ophthalmologist or other healthcare professional with experience in treating eye trauma.

Treatment for penetrating eye injuries may include removing any foreign objects or substances from the eye, repairing damaged tissues, and administering medications to prevent infection and reduce inflammation. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the injury and restore vision. Preventing eye injuries is crucial, and appropriate protective eyewear should be worn when engaging in activities that pose a risk of eye trauma.

Ophthalmic solutions are sterile, single-use or multi-dose preparations in a liquid form that are intended for topical administration to the eye. These solutions can contain various types of medications, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, or lubricants, which are used to treat or prevent ocular diseases and conditions.

The pH and osmolarity of ophthalmic solutions are carefully controlled to match the physiological environment of the eye and minimize any potential discomfort or irritation. The solutions may be packaged in various forms, including drops, sprays, or irrigations, depending on the intended use and administration route.

It is important to follow the instructions for use provided by a healthcare professional when administering ophthalmic solutions, as improper use can lead to eye injury or reduced effectiveness of the medication.

Foreign bodies in the eye refer to any object or particle that is not normally present in the eye and becomes lodged in it. These foreign bodies can range from small particles like sand or dust to larger objects such as metal shavings or glass. They can cause irritation, pain, redness, watering, and even vision loss if they are not removed promptly and properly.

The symptoms of an eye foreign body may include:

* A feeling that something is in the eye
* Pain or discomfort in the eye
* Redness or inflammation of the eye
* Watering or tearing of the eye
* Sensitivity to light
* Blurred vision or difficulty seeing

If you suspect that you have a foreign body in your eye, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. An eye care professional can examine your eye and determine the best course of treatment to remove the foreign body and prevent any further damage to your eye.

Eye movement measurements, also known as oculometry, refer to the measurement and analysis of eye movements. This can include assessing the direction, speed, range, and patterns of eye movement. These measurements are often used in research and clinical settings to understand various aspects of vision, perception, and cognition. They can be used to diagnose and monitor conditions that affect eye movement, such as strabismus (crossed eyes), amblyopia (lazy eye), or neurological disorders. Additionally, eye movement measurements are also used in areas such as human-computer interaction, marketing research, and virtual reality to understand how individuals interact with their environment.

Ocular fixation is a term used in ophthalmology and optometry to refer to the ability of the eyes to maintain steady gaze or visual focus on an object. It involves the coordinated movement of the extraocular muscles that control eye movements, allowing for clear and stable vision.

In medical terminology, fixation specifically refers to the state in which the eyes are aligned and focused on a single point in space. This is important for maintaining visual perception and preventing blurring or double vision. Ocular fixation can be affected by various factors such as muscle weakness, nerve damage, or visual processing disorders.

Assessment of ocular fixation is often used in eye examinations to evaluate visual acuity, eye alignment, and muscle function. Abnormalities in fixation may indicate the presence of underlying eye conditions or developmental delays that require further investigation and treatment.

The posterior segment of the eye refers to the back portion of the interior of the eye, including the vitreous, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. This region is responsible for processing visual information and transmitting it to the brain. The retina contains photoreceptor cells that convert light into electrical signals, which are then sent through the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation as images. Disorders of the posterior eye segment can lead to vision loss or blindness.

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often caused by an abnormally high pressure in the eye (intraocular pressure). This damage can lead to permanent vision loss or even blindness if left untreated. The most common type is open-angle glaucoma, which has no warning signs and progresses slowly. Angle-closure glaucoma, on the other hand, can cause sudden eye pain, redness, nausea, and vomiting, as well as rapid vision loss. Other less common types of glaucoma also exist. While there is no cure for glaucoma, early detection and treatment can help slow or prevent further vision loss.

The vitreous body, also known simply as the vitreous, is the clear, gel-like substance that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye. It is composed mainly of water, but also contains collagen fibers, hyaluronic acid, and other proteins. The vitreous helps to maintain the shape of the eye and provides a transparent medium for light to pass through to reach the retina. With age, the vitreous can become more liquefied and may eventually separate from the retina, leading to symptoms such as floaters or flashes of light.

The sclera is the tough, white, fibrous outer coating of the eye in humans and other vertebrates, covering about five sixths of the eyeball's surface. It provides protection for the delicate inner structures of the eye and maintains its shape. The sclera is composed mainly of collagen and elastic fiber, making it strong and resilient. Its name comes from the Greek word "skleros," which means hard.

Axial length, in the context of the eye, refers to the measurement of the distance between the front and back portions of the eye, specifically from the cornea (the clear front "window" of the eye) to the retina (the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye). This measurement is typically expressed in millimeters (mm).

The axial length of the eye is an important factor in determining the overall refractive power of the eye and can play a role in the development of various eye conditions, such as myopia (nearsightedness) or hyperopia (farsightedness). Changes in axial length, particularly elongation, are often associated with an increased risk of developing myopia. Regular monitoring of axial length can help eye care professionals track changes in the eye and manage these conditions more effectively.

The anterior chamber is the front portion of the eye, located between the cornea (the clear front "window" of the eye) and the iris (the colored part of the eye). It is filled with a clear fluid called aqueous humor that provides nutrients to the structures inside the eye and helps maintain its shape. The anterior chamber plays an important role in maintaining the overall health and function of the eye.

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common refractive error of the eye. It occurs when the eye is either too long or the cornea (the clear front part of the eye) is too curved. As a result, light rays focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it, causing distant objects to appear blurry while close objects remain clear.

Myopia typically develops during childhood and can progress gradually or rapidly until early adulthood. It can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery such as LASIK. Regular eye examinations are essential for people with myopia to monitor any changes in their prescription and ensure proper correction.

While myopia is generally not a serious condition, high levels of nearsightedness can increase the risk of certain eye diseases, including cataracts, glaucoma, retinal detachment, and myopic degeneration. Therefore, it's crucial to manage myopia effectively and maintain regular follow-ups with an eye care professional.

Aqueous humor is a clear, watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. It is produced by the ciliary processes in the posterior chamber and circulates through the pupil into the anterior chamber, where it provides nutrients to the cornea and lens, maintains intraocular pressure, and helps to shape the eye. The aqueous humor then drains out of the eye through the trabecular meshwork and into the canal of Schlemm, eventually reaching the venous system.

In medical terms, the iris refers to the colored portion of the eye that surrounds the pupil. It is a circular structure composed of thin, contractile muscle fibers (radial and circumferential) arranged in a regular pattern. These muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and can adjust the size of the pupil in response to changes in light intensity or emotional arousal. By constricting or dilating the iris, the amount of light entering the eye can be regulated, which helps maintain optimal visual acuity under various lighting conditions.

The color of the iris is determined by the concentration and distribution of melanin pigments within the iris stroma. The iris also contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue that support its structure and function. Anatomically, the iris is continuous with the ciliary body and the choroid, forming part of the uveal tract in the eye.

The ciliary body is a part of the eye's internal structure that is located between the choroid and the iris. It is composed of muscle tissue and is responsible for adjusting the shape of the lens through a process called accommodation, which allows the eye to focus on objects at varying distances. Additionally, the ciliary body produces aqueous humor, the clear fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye and helps to nourish the eye's internal structures. The ciliary body is also responsible for maintaining the shape and position of the lens within the eye.

In medical terms, "tears" are a clear, salty liquid that is produced by the tear glands (lacrimal glands) in our eyes. They serve to keep the eyes moist, protect against dust and other foreign particles, and help to provide clear vision by maintaining a smooth surface on the front of the eye. Tears consist of water, oil, and mucus, which help to prevent evaporation and ensure that the tears spread evenly across the surface of the eye. Emotional or reflexive responses, such as crying or yawning, can also stimulate the production of tears.

The crystalline lens is a biconvex transparent structure in the eye that helps to refract (bend) light rays and focus them onto the retina. It is located behind the iris and pupil and is suspended by small fibers called zonules that connect it to the ciliary body. The lens can change its shape to accommodate and focus on objects at different distances, a process known as accommodation. With age, the lens may become cloudy or opaque, leading to cataracts.

Visual fields refer to the total area in which objects can be seen while keeping the eyes focused on a central point. It is the entire area that can be observed using peripheral (side) vision while the eye gazes at a fixed point. A visual field test is used to detect blind spots or gaps (scotomas) in a person's vision, which could indicate various medical conditions such as glaucoma, retinal damage, optic nerve disease, brain tumors, or strokes. The test measures both the central and peripheral vision and maps the entire area that can be seen when focusing on a single point.

In the context of medical terminology, I believe you may be referring to "pursuit" as it relates to neurological tests. A smooth pursuit is a type of eye movement in which the eyes smoothly and slowly follow a moving object. It requires coordination between the extraocular muscles, vestibular system, and visual system. If there are issues with any of these systems, smooth pursuit can be affected, leading to abnormalities such as jerky or saccadic movements.

Therefore, "smooth pursuit" is a medical term used to describe the normal, coordinated movement of the eyes that allows for the tracking of moving objects in a smooth and continuous manner.

Helminths are a type of parasitic worm that can infect humans and animals. They are multi-cellular organisms that belong to the phyla Platyhelminthes (flatworms) or Nematoda (roundworms). Helminths can be further classified into three main groups: nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms), and trematodes (flukes).

Helminth infections are typically acquired through contact with contaminated soil, food, or water. The symptoms of helminth infections can vary widely depending on the type of worm and the location and extent of the infection. Some common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, and malnutrition.

Helminths have complex life cycles that often involve multiple hosts. They can be difficult to diagnose and treat, and in some cases, may require long-term treatment with anti-parasitic drugs. Preventive measures such as good hygiene practices, proper sanitation, and access to clean water can help reduce the risk of helminth infections.

Helminthiasis is a medical condition characterized by the infection and infestation of body tissues and organs by helminths, which are parasitic worms. These worms can be classified into three main groups: nematodes (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms), and trematodes (flukes).

Helminthiasis infections can occur through various modes of transmission, such as ingestion of contaminated food or water, skin contact with contaminated soil, or direct contact with an infected person or animal. The severity of the infection depends on several factors, including the type and number of worms involved, the duration of the infestation, and the overall health status of the host.

Common symptoms of helminthiasis include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, anemia, and nutritional deficiencies. In severe cases, the infection can lead to organ damage or failure, impaired growth and development in children, and even death.

Diagnosis of helminthiasis typically involves microscopic examination of stool samples to identify the presence and type of worms. Treatment usually consists of administering anthelmintic drugs that are effective against specific types of worms. Preventive measures include improving sanitation and hygiene, avoiding contact with contaminated soil or water, and practicing safe food handling and preparation.

Helminth proteins refer to the proteins that are produced and expressed by helminths, which are parasitic worms that cause diseases in humans and animals. These proteins can be found on the surface or inside the helminths and play various roles in their biology, such as in development, reproduction, and immune evasion. Some helminth proteins have been identified as potential targets for vaccines or drug development, as blocking their function may help to control or eliminate helminth infections. Examples of helminth proteins that have been studied include the antigen Bm86 from the cattle tick Boophilus microplus, and the tetraspanin protein Sm22.6 from the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "travel" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. In general, travel refers to the act of moving or journeying from one place to another, often over long distances. However, in a medical context, it might refer to the recommendation that individuals with certain medical conditions or those who are immunocompromised avoid traveling to areas where they may be at increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases. It's always best to check with a healthcare professional for advice related to specific medical situations and travel.

Dermoscopy, also known as dermatoscopy or epiluminescence microscopy, is a non-invasive diagnostic technique used in dermatology to evaluate skin lesions, such as moles and pigmented skin tumors. This method involves the use of a handheld device called a dermoscope, which consists of a magnifying lens, a light source, and a transparent plate or immersion fluid that allows for better visualization of the skin's surface structures.

Dermoscopy enables dermatologists to examine the pigmented patterns, vascular structures, and other morphological features hidden beneath the skin's surface that are not visible to the naked eye. By observing these details, dermatologists can improve their ability to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, leading to more accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatment decisions.

The primary uses of dermoscopy include:

1. Early detection and diagnosis of melanoma and other skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
2. Monitoring the evolution of suspicious moles or lesions over time.
3. Assisting in the identification of various benign skin growths, like seborrheic keratoses, dermatofibromas, and nevi (moles).
4. Improving the diagnostic accuracy for infectious skin conditions, inflammatory processes, and other dermatological disorders.

Overall, dermoscopy is a valuable tool in the field of dermatology that enhances the clinician's ability to diagnose and manage various skin conditions accurately and effectively.

Colorimetry is the scientific measurement and quantification of color, typically using a colorimeter or spectrophotometer. In the medical field, colorimetry may be used in various applications such as:

1. Diagnosis and monitoring of skin conditions: Colorimeters can measure changes in skin color to help diagnose or monitor conditions like jaundice, cyanosis, or vitiligo. They can also assess the effectiveness of treatments for these conditions.
2. Vision assessment: Colorimetry is used in vision testing to determine the presence and severity of visual impairments such as color blindness or deficiencies. Special tests called anomaloscopes or color vision charts are used to measure an individual's ability to distinguish between different colors.
3. Environmental monitoring: In healthcare settings, colorimetry can be employed to monitor the cleanliness and sterility of surfaces or equipment by measuring the amount of contamination present. This is often done using ATP (adenosine triphosphate) bioluminescence assays, which emit light when they come into contact with microorganisms.
4. Medical research: Colorimetry has applications in medical research, such as studying the optical properties of tissues or developing new diagnostic tools and techniques based on color measurements.

In summary, colorimetry is a valuable tool in various medical fields for diagnosis, monitoring, and research purposes. It allows healthcare professionals to make more informed decisions about patient care and treatment plans.

Sabrosa, N. A.; de Souza, E. C. (1 December 2001). "Nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral ... "Neglected Parasitic Infections: Toxocariasis". www2c.cdc.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2017. This article incorporates text from ... Usually only one eye is affected, and manifestations can include strabismus, decreased vision, and leukocoria. Eye exam may ... In adult cats, the infection - which is called toxocariasis - is usually asymptomatic. However, massive infection in juvenile ...
J. Shen et al.: Human thelaziosis - a neglected parasitic disease of the eye. In: J. Parasitol. 92 (2006), PMID 16995411, pp. ... the infection (also infestation) of dogs with parasitic nemamotodes - are, along with tapeworm infections and infections with ... peroral infection and transplacental and galactogenic infection, which are much more common in puppies. Peroral infection ( ... In case of heavy infection, the worms are already visible to the naked eye. A definite diagnosis can be made by detecting the ...
... is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan. Infections with toxoplasmosis are associated ... In a small number of people, eye problems may develop. In those with a weak immune system, severe symptoms such as seizures and ... Infection with the parasite has contributed to the death of at least four Hawaiian monk seals. A Hawaiian monk seal's infection ... Jones JL, Parise ME, Fiore AE (2014). "Neglected parasitic infections in the United States: toxoplasmosis". American Journal of ...
Helminthiasis is the generalized term for parasitic worm infections, which typically involve roundworms, tapeworms, and ... Parasitic worms (helminths) are macroparasites that can be seen by the naked eye. Worms live and feed in their living host, ... Treatment of viral infections often involves treating the symptoms of the infection, rather than providing medication to combat ... Infections involving the yeast species Candida albicans cause oral thrush and vaginal yeast infections. These internal ...
The most visual sign of an adult worm infections is when the worm crosses the sclera of the eye, which causes significant pain ... Parasitic diseases, Parasitic nematodes of humans, Nematodes described in 1864, Spirurida, Taxa named by Thomas Spencer Cobbold ... Eye worms typically cause little eye damage and last a few hours to a week. Other tissues in which this worm can be found ... Loa loa actually means "worm worm", but is commonly known as the "eye worm", as it localizes to the conjunctiva of the eye. Loa ...
Parasitic infections, like those caused by Entamoeba histolytica, can also cause colitis. Indeterminate colitis is the ... Microscopic colitis - a colitis diagnosed by microscopic examination of colonic tissue; macroscopically ("to the eye") it ... Parker W (December 2017). "Not infection with parasitic worms, but rather colonization with therapeutic helminths". Immunology ... Infections with helminths may alter the autoimmune response that causes the disease. Early trials of Trichuris suis ova (TSO) ...
The lighter infection in OLM is believed to stimulate a lower immune response and allow for migration of a larva into the eye. ... High parasitic loads or repeated infection can lead to visceral larva migrans (VLM). VLM is primarily diagnosed in young ... Physiological reactions to Toxocara infection depend on the host's immune response and the parasitic load. Most cases of ... "New CDC study results show Toxocara infection more common than previously thought" (PDF). Division of Parasitic diseases. ...
Temporary blurred vision may involve dry eyes, eye infections, alcohol poisoning, hypoglycemia, or low blood pressure. Other ... Stroke or transient ischemic attack Brain tumor Toxocara: A parasitic roundworm that can cause blurred vision. Bleeding into ... Eye infection, inflammation, or injury. Sjögren's syndrome, a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that destroys moisture ... "WHO , Priority eye diseases". WHO. Retrieved 2020-09-02. Coursey, Terry G; de Paiva, Cintia S (2014-08-04). "Managing Sjögren's ...
... , Coenurosis, Sparganosis and proliferating Cestode larvae". Diagnostic Pathology of Parasitic Infections with ... In eye disease, surgical removal is necessary for cysts within the eye itself as treating intraocular lesions with ... Infection can be effectively prevented by personal hygiene and sanitation: this includes cooking pork well, proper toilets and ... Cysticercosis is a tissue infection caused by the young form of the pork tapeworm. People may have few or no symptoms for years ...
It is the second-most common cause of blindness due to infection, after trachoma. The parasitic worm is spread by the bites of ... Slit lamp eye exams are used to identify signs of the parasites in and around the eyes of patients whose eyes are affected. ... Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, is a disease caused by infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. ... Approximately 0.8 million have some amount of loss of vision from the infection. Most infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa, ...
Parasitic nematodes of the eye have been described. Oriental magpie-robins were widely kept as cage birds for their singing ... Avian malaria parasites have been isolated from the species, while H4N3 and H5N1 infection has been noted in a few cases. ...
Protozoan infections are parasitic diseases caused by organisms formerly classified in the kingdom Protozoa. They are usually ... The members of the phylum Euglenozoa have a pellicle for support, a red eye spot called a stigma to orient the cell toward ... Plasmodiophorids and Halosporidians are two examples of parasitic Rhizaria. Plasmodiophorids cause infections in crops such as ... and finding the link between a person's microbiome and their ability to resist a protozoan infection Parasitic infection ...
... to the several members of the nitroimidazole antibiotics that are used to combat anaerobic bacterial and parasitic infections. ... but it is strongly irritating to the skin and eyes. 2-Methylimidazole is a REACH Regulation Candidate Substance of Very High ...
Injuries can also make animals susceptible to diseases and other injuries, as well as parasitic infections. Additionally, the ... no rights whatever in the eyes of men.": 71 Later in the book, he described them as independent beings who suffer and enjoy in ... further increasing the risk of infection. The terminal investment hypothesis holds that infection can lead some animals to ... Scott, Marilyn E. (1988). "The Impact of Infection and Disease on Animal Populations: Implications for Conservation Biology". ...
... blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies) (H54.9) Micropthalmia/coloboma - a ... the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed (H50.1, H50.3) Exotropia - the tendency for eyes to look outward H52 Disorders of ... Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) - the eyes do not point in the same direction (H49.3-4) Ophthalmoparesis - the partial or ... 2] EyeWiki: The Eye Encyclopedia written by Eye Physicians & Surgeons (American Academy of Ophthalmology) International ...
"Preliminary Report of a Parasitic Infection of the Brain and Eyes of a Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus and Nankeen Kestrels ... To protect their eyes, the falcons use their nictitating membranes (third eyelids) to spread tears and clear debris from their ... The distinctive malar stripe or 'moustache', a dark area of feathers below the eyes, is thought to reduce solar glare and ... and some mycoses and bacterial infections. Endoparasites include Plasmodium relictum (usually not causing malaria in the ...
Parasitic infections are common but not well known, external and internal parasites have been documented. A nematode parasite, ... They have a small horn between their eyes, and clubbed antennae. Females and males are difficult to distinguish based on ...
It is regularly given to children to treat infections with parasitic worms. Modern medical research suggests the purgative ... Cleopatra is reputed to have used it to brighten the whites of her eyes. The Ebers Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian medical ...
It should not be used for worm infections of the eye. It is taken by mouth. Side effects in humans may include poor ... is a medication used to treat a number of types of parasitic worm infections in mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish ... although it is effective in other infections. Salmon poisoning disease Diplozoon paradoxum and other Trematoda infections of ... Praziquantel is used to treat diseases caused by infection with several types of internal/gastrointestinal, and external ...
Uveitis in horses has many causes, including eye trauma, disease, and bacterial, parasitic and viral infections, but ERU is ... CSNB is usually diagnosed based on the owner's observations, but some horses have visibly abnormal eyes: poorly aligned eyes ( ... For example, extensive white markings on the face may mask the presence of mottling around the eyes and muzzle, and white ... The leopard complex gene is also linked to abnormalities in the eyes and vision. These patterns are most closely identified ...
Uveitis in horses has many causes, including eye trauma, disease, and bacterial, parasitic and viral infections, but ERU is ... The sclera is the part of the eye surrounding the iris; although all horses show white around the eye if the eye is rolled back ... white sclera visible when the eye is in a normal position, and mottled (spotted) skin around the eyes, lips, and genitalia. As ... white sclera of the eye, and mottled skin around the eyes, lips, and genitalia. Appaloosas may also exhibit sabino or pinto ...
Clinical presentation of the common trichinosis symptoms may also suggest infection. These symptoms include eye puffiness, ... Parasitic nematodes of humans, Parasitic nematodes of mammals, Parasitic diseases associated with beef and pork consumption, ... The risk of death from infection is low. The great majority of trichinosis infections have either minor or no symptoms and no ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Parasitic Diseases (2004-07-15). "Parasitic Disease Information - ...
... bacterial infections and mycoses C02 - virus diseases C03 - parasitic diseases C04 - neoplasms C05 - musculoskeletal diseases ... eye diseases C12 - urologic and male genital diseases C13 - female genital diseases and pregnancy complications C14 - ...
Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea) are also being affected by more frequent parasitic infections. The same method was used ... Galapagos sea lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) can be infected with Philophthalmus zalophi, an eye fluke. These infections have ... The parasites found in the eye fluke did serious damage to the eye. From the data collected, 21 of the 91 survived; with a ... therefore it is essential to consider the correlation between the increasing number of parasitic infections and climate changes ...
... eye infections, parasitic MeSH C11.294.725.125 - acanthamoeba keratitis MeSH C11.294.725.562 - onchocerciasis, ocular MeSH ... eye infections, fungal MeSH C11.294.450.900 - uveitis, suppurative MeSH C11.294.450.900.350 - endophthalmitis MeSH C11.294. ... eye infections, viral MeSH C11.294.800.250 - conjunctivitis, viral MeSH C11.294.800.250.250 - conjunctivitis, acute hemorrhagic ... eye infections, bacterial MeSH C11.294.354.220 - conjunctivitis, bacterial MeSH C11.294.354.220.250 - conjunctivitis, inclusion ...
... and parasitic infections (e.g., Demodex and Phthiriasis palpebrarum). The parasite Demodex folliculorum (D. folliculorum) ... Watery eyes - due to excessive tearing. Red eyes - due to dilated blood vessels on the sclera. Swollen eyelids - due to ... Infection of the eyelash follicle/sebaceous gland (hordeolum) Debris in the tear film, seen under magnification (improved ... Eye drops or ointments containing corticosteroids are frequently used in conjunction with antibiotics and can reduce eyelid ...
... sclerosis Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease Uveitis may be an immune response to fight an infection caused by an organism in the eye ... They are less common than non-infectious causes, and require antimicrobial/ viral/ parasitic treatment in addition to ... Symptoms include eye pain, eye redness, floaters and blurred vision, and ophthalmic examination may show dilated ciliary blood ... The signs and symptoms of uveitis may include the following: Pain in the eye(s) Redness of the eye(s) Blurred vision ...
Like other T. rex fossils, Scotty shows signs of trichomoniasis, a parasitic infection in the jaw that left visible holes in ... Additionally, a broken and healed rib on its right side, broken tail vertebra, as well as a hole near the eye socket are ...
If the infection is severe, trophonts can also be found on eyes, fins and in all oropharyngeal cavity, the latter is a typical ... The parasitic stage is represented by the sessile trophont. In this phase, the protist is pear-shaped, enclosed in a cellulose ... Normally, sea cage reared fish are not affected by the infection, while it is more difficult to control the infection in ... In: Woo P.T.K. (Eds), Fish Diseases and Disorders, Volume 1: Protozoan and Metazoan Infections Second Edition. King's Lynn: CAB ...
... a parasitic skin infection of Demodex gatoi, and weight loss (he weighed 90 lb (41 kg) instead of his typical 125 lb (57 kg)). ... His injuries included skull fractures, injuries to his right eye, skin injuries, and herniation of abdominal organs into his ... A necropsy found he had a systemic ringworm infection which was a first to find this concurrent with a demodectic mange ... and damage to his right eye, possibly from a vehicle-a vehicle collision with a mountain lion had been reported the night of ...
"Eye Infections, Parasitic" by people in this website by year, and whether "Eye Infections, Parasitic" was a major or minor ... "Eye Infections, Parasitic" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Eye Infections, Parasitic" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Eye Infections, Parasitic". ...
Learn about parasitic worms in humans, transmission, treatment, how to avoid being a host, and more. ... Parasitic worms live in and feed off living hosts. ... The risk of parasitic worm infection is higher in rural or ... These two types of parasitic worms can be found in a variety of habitats. Theyre not always visible to the naked eye. ... Soap and water is best, but if you dont have access to soap and running water, it can help prevent parasitic worm infection. ...
Parasitic Diseases, Animal + Parasitic Eye Infections + parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease + Parasitic Intestinal ... Central Nervous System Fungal Infections + Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections + Infections of the brain, spinal cord, ... Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections (DOID:9004805). Annotations: Rat: (20) Mouse: (20) Human: (20) Chinchilla: (18) ...
Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases of the External Eye: Microbial and Parasitic Infections. Parasitology. Protozoa. Acanthamoeba ... Of the phylum Microspora, the following genera have been implicated in human infection: Nosema, Encephalitozoon, Pleistophora, ... species are protozoa (unicellular eukaryotes) that can cause an isolated infection of the human cornea as their primary disease ...
Sabrosa, N. A.; de Souza, E. C. (1 December 2001). "Nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral ... "Neglected Parasitic Infections: Toxocariasis". www2c.cdc.gov. Retrieved 27 August 2017. This article incorporates text from ... Usually only one eye is affected, and manifestations can include strabismus, decreased vision, and leukocoria. Eye exam may ... In adult cats, the infection - which is called toxocariasis - is usually asymptomatic. However, massive infection in juvenile ...
have eye problems.. *have a parasitic (helminth) infection.. *are scheduled to receive any vaccinations. You should not receive ... infections.. *ChronicRhinosinusitiswithNasalPolyposis: injection site reactions, eye and eyelid inflammation, including redness ... Eyeproblems. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any new or worsening eye problems, including eye pain or changes in ... Prurigo Nodularis: eye and eyelid inflammation, including redness, swelling, and itching, sometimes with blurred vision, herpes ...
Handwashing with soap prevents many common and life-threatening infections. Many illnesses start when hands become contaminated ... and Parasitic Infections. Studies have shown that handwashing with soap reduces the incidence of skin diseases and eye ... Healthcare-Associated Infections. Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), also known as nosocomial infections, affect 15.5% of ... Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Infections. Acute respiratory infections, including pneumonia, are another leading cause of ...
Infection with Taenia solium larval parasite (human cysticercosis) can cause seizures and muscle or eye damage ... Symptoms of parasitic infection depend on the type of parasite involved. Infection with a small number of parasites may be ... Parasitic infections are acquired through ingestion of food contaminated with their eggs. Hands when contaminated with soil can ... ingestion of the contaminated food by other persons could result in infection. Pinworm infection usually affects young children ...
Fungal and parasitic infections of the eye. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000 Oct. 13(4):662-85. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... Fungal endophthalmitis can be divided into the less common endogenous infections and the more common exogenous infections. ... A final visual acuity of 20/200 or more was achieved in 69.2% of the eyes in this study. [16] In contrast, in a Chinese series ... 7] other non- C albicans species, in particular C tropicalis, have also been implicated in intraocular infections. [8] The most ...
Youll get eye drops before to numb your eye and prevent pain. After surgery, eye drops can help you heal and prevent infection ... Contact lenses can lead to bacterial or parasitic infections. Some people use extended wear lenses too long. Others dont ... Herpes simplex eye infection: Early symptoms of this virus may include a painful sore on your eye surface or eyelid, and an ... Eye exams: During a complete eye exam, the eye doctor may use:. *Drops to dilate your pupils -- make them bigger so they can ...
Tapeworm infections are treated with anti-parasitic drugs. Treatments for larval cyst infections may include anti-parasitic ... Larval cysts can cause serious disease if they are in a persons brain, liver, lungs, heart or eyes. ... Tapeworm infections usually dont cause complications. Problems that may happen include:. *Anemia. Long-term infection with a ... Tapeworm infections. Humans are the definitive hosts for some species of tapeworms. They may get a tapeworm infection after ...
... eye injuries; parasitic infections and infectious hepatitis; and heatstroke, hypothermia or frostbite (Murphy, 1992). ...
There are no vaccines for parasitic diseases. Some medicines are available to treat parasitic infections. ... Parasites range in size from tiny, one-celled organisms called protozoa to worms that can be seen with the naked eye. Some ... parasitic diseases occur in the United States. Contaminated water supplies can lead to Giardia infections. Cats can transmit ... Some parasitic diseases are easily treated and some are not. ... Some parasitic diseases are easily treated and some are not.. ...
have eye problems such as glaucoma or cataracts. *have any type of viral, bacterial, fungal or parasitic infection. ... parasitic infections or ocular herpes simplex. Use with caution in patients with these infections. More serious or even fatal ... Inform patients of potential worsening of existing tuberculosis; fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; or ocular ... Localized infections: Candida albicans infection of the mouth and throat may occur. Monitor patients periodically. Advise the ...
Approach to Parasitic Infections - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the Merck Manuals - ... The clinical manifestations depend on the infecting species and include gastroenteritis, involvement of the eyes, or ... Serologic testing for parasitic infections Some parasites can be detected by serologic tests (see table ). ... Prevention of Parasitic Infections Despite substantial investment and research, only one vaccine is currently available for ...
... study of involving veterans from this war conducted by the Department of Veterans Affairs may indicate a decades-long infection ... and even the eye. ... Undetected Parasitic Infection May Cause Deadly Cancer in ... Chronic inflammation from a parasitic infection is a known cause of CCC. It is a slow growing cancer but upon detection, they ... Although the infection is rare in the West, travelers from endemic regions may harbor the infection and introduce it to non- ...
Eye floaters are often described as black spots or squiggly strands in a patients field of vision. Read about causes, symptoms ... rare parasitic infections, more common in third-world nations.. What Are the Symptoms of Eye Floaters?. ... Picture of Eye Floaters. What is eye floaters?. "Eye floaters" are deposits or condensation in the vitreous jelly of the eye. ... The majority of eye floaters are caused by normal aging changes within the eye. However, a person developing symptoms of eye ...
... is a disease caused by a parasitic worm found primarily in Africa. The parasite is spread by the bites of infected black flies ... is a parasitic infection that can cause intense itching, skin discoloration, rashes, and eye disease that often leads to ... Symptoms of infection include intense itching and skin nodules. Left untreated, infections in the eye can cause vision ... Trachoma is a bacterial eye infection. It is the main cause of irreversible blindness due to infection that ... ...
As with other parasitic diseases, roundworm infections are more common in warm climates than in cooler, temperate areas of the ... They range in size from those plainly visible to the naked eye to those several hundredths of an inch long and visible only ... Unlike the other parasitic roundworm diseases that have been discussed, trichinosis is not an intestinal infection in the usual ... This parasitic roundworm infection of the large intestine often occurs without symptoms and is usually detected by examining ...
This is called a tapeworm infection. A young and inactive form of the tapeworm is called a larval cyst. It can stay alive in ... Tapeworm infections are treated with anti-parasitic drugs. Treatments for larval cyst infections may include anti-parasitic ... Larval cysts can cause serious disease if they are in a persons brain, liver, lungs, heart or eyes. ... Treatment for tapeworm infection. Your health care provider treats a tapeworm infection in the intestines with anti-parasitic ...
Klotz SA, Penn CC, Negvesky GJ, Butrus SI (2000) Fungal and parasitic infections of the eye. Clin Microbiol Rev 13(4):662-685. ... travels towards the eyes (Klotz et al. 2000), and then towards the brain, which can paralyze the nerves (Escobar and Del Brutto ... 1990), cause permanent damage to the eye, or even could lead to a heart attack (Naik et al. 2021; Jackman and Simonsen 1992). ...
... they typically squint or shut their eyes. Heres how you can identify eye pain and squinting in dogs and what it means. ... parasitic infections, such as heartworm and toxoplasmosis. *X-rays of the head and bony orbit to identify fractures in dogs ... Infection behind the eye and within the eye socket (orbit) are commonly painful and the animal may try to avoid fully opening ... Squinting and photophobia can affect one or both eyes simultaneously. Sometimes, both eyes are squinty even if only one eye is ...
Worsening of existing tuberculosis, fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections, or herpes infection of the eye (ocular ... Eye problems including glaucoma and cataracts. You should have regular eye exams while using AirDuo Digihaler ... or parasitic infections; or ocular herpes simplex. A more serious or even fatal course of chickenpox or measles may occur in ... Fungal infection in your mouth or throat (thrush). Rinse your mouth with water without swallowing after using AirDuo Digihaler ...
Onchocerciasis is an infection caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus, spread by the bite of an infected Simulium ... Persons with heavy infections will usually have one or more of three conditions: skin rash (usually itchy), eye disease, or ... How soon after infection will I have symptoms of onchocerciasis?. After a blackfly bite, it can take up to 12-18 months for the ... Thus, risk of infection is greater in adventure travelers, missionaries, and Peace Corps and other long-term volunteers who are ...
Ivermectin Tablet helps treat many parasitic infections of your intestinal tract, skin, and eyes. It works by paralyzing and ... This is used to treat certain parasitic roundworm infections. Curing parasitic infections helps to improve your quality of life ... Usage : Used for Various Parasitic Infections such as Thread Worm Infestation, River Blindness Disease ... It has been given FDA approval for use in treating several parasitic illnesses in humans, particularly parasitic worms, ...
EYE-ver-MEK-tin) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Stromectol USES: This medication is used to treat certain parasitic roundworm infections ... Curing parasitic infections helps to improve your quality of life. In people with weakened defense (immune) systems, curing ... The following adverse experiences have been reported in these patients, pain (including neck and back pain), red-eye, ... Strongyloidiasis: The patient should be reminded of the need for repeated stool examinations to document clearance of infection ...
Synonyms: Infection by Toxascaris; Toxocara infection; visceral larva migrans ... Definition: A parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease that involves zoonotic infection of humans by the larvae of Toxocara ... The larvae invade multiple tissues like liver, heart, lungs, brain, muscle and eyes causing various symptoms including fever, ... Synonyms: Infection by Toxascaris; Toxocara infection; visceral larva migrans Alt IDs: DOID:9791, ICD10CM:B83.0, MESH:D007816, ...
Leptospirosis is an infection of bacterial spirochetes, which cats acquire when subspecies of the Leptospira interrogans ... Leptospires spread throughout the entire body, reproducing in the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, eyes, and ... Children are most at risk of acquiring this parasitic bacteria from an infected pet. ... The infection rate for domestic pets has been increasing in the U.S. And Canada, with infections occurring most commonly in the ...
... herpes eye infection (a type of eye infection that causes a sore on the eyelid or eye surface); cataracts (clouding of the lens ... Also tell your doctor if you have any type of untreated bacterial, fungal, parasitic, or viral infection anywhere in your body. ... sore throat, fever, chills, cough, or other signs of infection. *rash; hives; itching; swelling of face, eyes, lips, or throat ... Talk to your doctor about the risks of using vamorolone and how often you should have your eyes examined during your treatment. ...
  • If the cause is a bacterial or viral infection , you'll get antibiotic drops. (webmd.com)
  • Also tell your doctor if you have any type of untreated bacterial, fungal, parasitic, or viral infection anywhere in your body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a viral infection that progressively destroys certain white blood cells and is treated with antiretroviral medications. (msdmanuals.com)
  • ERVs are genomic remnants of ancient viral infection events, with most being inactive and not retaining the capacity to encode a fully infectious virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • A parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease that involves zoonotic infection of humans by the larvae of Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati. (jax.org)
  • Mild to severe infections of the eye and its adjacent structures (adnexa) by adult or larval protozoan or metazoan parasites. (sdsu.edu)
  • Infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges caused by parasites. (mcw.edu)
  • Even in relatively healthy people, the roundworm larvae infect organs such as the liver, lungs, eyes or brain and cause severe symptoms, such as: fatigue loss of appetite or weight loss skin rashes wheezing or breathing difficulties seizures (fits) blurred or cloudy vision, usually only affecting one eye a very red and painful eye List of parasites of humans Feline zoonosis Toxoplasmosis Bowman, Dwight D. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection with a small number of parasites may be asymptomatic. (gov.hk)
  • Parasites range in size from tiny, one-celled organisms called protozoa to worms that can be seen with the naked eye. (ahrq.gov)
  • It works by paralyzing and killing the parasites causing the infection. (exportersindia.com)
  • Improper contact lens care can lead to blindness and eye-eating parasites. (medicaldaily.com)
  • Also known as elephantiasis, this NTD is caused by infection by filarial parasites transmitted through the bite of infected female mosquitoes. (kit.nl)
  • Also known as kala-azar, this infection is caused by protozoan parasites, transmitted through the bite of infected sandflies. (kit.nl)
  • Infection occurs when filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes. (who.int)
  • Some parasitic diseases are easily treated and some are not. (ahrq.gov)
  • Some parasitic diseases occur in the United States. (ahrq.gov)
  • There are no vaccines for parasitic diseases. (ahrq.gov)
  • Parasitic diseases are much more widespread than many people realize. (medhelp.org)
  • As with other parasitic diseases, roundworm infections are more common in warm climates than in cooler, temperate areas of the world. (medhelp.org)
  • Many roundworm parasitic diseases result from human carelessness and a lack of appropriate personal hygiene and sanitation measures. (medhelp.org)
  • This symptom, called photophobia, is commonly associated with serious eye diseases. (petplace.com)
  • Although the most common skin diseases in cats are generally itchy, non-itchy skin diseases include certain types of bacterial and fungal infections, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and endocrine diseases. (petmd.com)
  • The most common male diagnoses were malaria, injury/fractures, pneumonia and other infections, parasitic diseases and other GI complaints, and carcinoma. (samaritanspurse.org)
  • M01.X61 is a billable diagnosis code used to specify a medical diagnosis of direct infection of right knee in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere. (icdlist.com)
  • Some medicines are available to treat parasitic infections. (ahrq.gov)
  • Ivermectin is an antibiotic medicine used to treat parasitic infections, certain skin, and eye infections. (getgrandresults.com)
  • Tips for preventing parasitic worms include limiting consumption of raw meat or fish, disinfecting all cutting boards or utensils used for raw foods, and washing your hands with soap and water before meal prep and eating. (healthline.com)
  • There are a variety of parasitic worms that can take up residence in humans. (healthline.com)
  • Read on to learn more about parasitic worms, plus how to avoid becoming an unwitting host. (healthline.com)
  • These two types of parasitic worms can be found in a variety of habitats. (healthline.com)
  • Overview of Tapeworm Infections Tapeworms (cestodes) are flat, parasitic worms. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Because the worms reproduce only in humans but need to complete some of their development inside the blackfly, the intensity of human infection (number of worms in an individual) is related to the number of infectious bites sustained by an individual. (cdc.gov)
  • It has been given FDA approval for use in treating several parasitic illnesses in humans, particularly parasitic worms, hookworm, and whipworm. (exportersindia.com)
  • Also known as bilharzia, this is an infection caused by parasitic trematode worms transmitted when larval forms, released by freshwater snails, penetrate human skin during contact with infected water. (kit.nl)
  • Also protects against parasitic worms. (freezingblue.com)
  • Female worms produce thousands of microscopic larvae (microfilariae) that migrate through the skin and eyes. (who.int)
  • River blindness, also known as onchocerciasis, is a parasitic infection that can cause intense itching, skin discoloration, rashes, and eye disease that often leads to permanent blindness. (medindia.net)
  • Onchocerciasis is an infection caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus , spread by the bite of an infected Simulium blackfly. (cdc.gov)
  • the infection is transmitted in remote rural areas and, unlike malaria, contracting onchocerciasis often requires more than one infectious bite. (cdc.gov)
  • Unlike in Africa, Yemen has no records of eye complications or blindness due to onchocerciasis. (who.int)
  • Onchocerciasis - or "river blindness" - is a parasitic disease caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus transmitted by repeated bites of infected blackflies ( Simulium spp. (who.int)
  • Onchocerciasis causes sever itching, skin damage ("onchodermatitis" or "reactive onchodermatitis") and eye lesions eventually leading to visual impairment and permanent blindness. (who.int)
  • Onchocerciasis is a chronic parasitic infection that primarily affects the skin and eyes, leading to severe itching, skin disfigurement, and potentially blindness, greatly impacting the quality of life and economic productivity in endemic areas. (who.int)
  • Onchocerciasis is caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus . (who.int)
  • One of the most severe effects of Onchocerciasis is eye disease, which can lead to visual impairment and ultimately blindness. (who.int)
  • Onchocercal keratitis, which follows Onchocerca volvulus infection by infected blackfly bite . (wikipedia.org)
  • This disease is caused by the filarial parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus , which is transmitted by the blackfly vector Simulium , which carries third-stage larvae. (medscape.com)
  • This research suggests that the symptoms of an intestinal parasitic infection may mimic symptoms one would see in acute appendicitis , although appendicitis may or may not actually be occurring. (healthline.com)
  • It may take weeks or months to notice additional symptoms of fluke infection. (healthline.com)
  • Symptoms of parasitic infection depend on the type of parasite involved. (gov.hk)
  • Early symptoms of this virus may include a painful sore on your eye surface or eyelid, and an inflamed cornea. (webmd.com)
  • Symptoms depend mostly on where the infection happens in the body. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Symptoms of larval cyst infection depend on where they are causing disease in the body. (mayoclinic.org)
  • If you experience any of the symptoms of tapeworm or larval cyst infection, get medical care. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Symptoms of infection include intense itching and skin nodules. (medindia.net)
  • Although an individual may have no symptoms over a long period, there may be repeated episodes of infection. (medhelp.org)
  • Folklore is filled with fantastic descriptions of symptoms and abnormal behavior attributed to pinworm infection. (medhelp.org)
  • When medicine is given, all members of the household should take it, regardless of whether they show symptoms of infection. (medhelp.org)
  • Symptoms usually show up years after the infection began. (sparrow.org)
  • Soon after the initial infection, fever and bacterial infection of the blood develop, but these symptoms soon resolve with the reactive increase of antibodies, which clear the spirochetes from most of the system. (petmd.com)
  • [1] The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Usually, the infection does not cause symptoms, but some people have swollen lymph nodes, fever, a vague ill feeling, and sometimes a sore throat or blurred vision and eye pain. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Most infections cause few or no symptoms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Most healthy people with toxoplasmosis do not require treatment, but adults with eye involvement, severe or persistent symptoms, or weakened immune systems, and pregnant women, and newborns with congenital infection are treated. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Travelers with low (but not zero) risk of Ebola virus exposure returning to the United States from Ebola affected countries over the past year, who had symptoms suggestive of Ebola, most often had malaria or respiratory infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Acanthamoeba species are protozoa (unicellular eukaryotes) that can cause an isolated infection of the human cornea as their primary disease in humans. (aao.org)
  • none - rabies cannot be cured in cats, and affected animals must be euthanased because of the serious infection risk to humans and other animals. (vethelpdirect.com)
  • Infection in humans is primarily caused by two species: C. hominis and C. parvum. (bvsalud.org)
  • T consecutively from deceased persons who donated to eye oxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects banks, 15 in Joinville and 42 in São Paulo. (cdc.gov)
  • Ivermectin 12 Mg tablets are an anti-parasite drug used to treat parasitic disorders. (exportersindia.com)
  • Alopecia can be the result of almost any cat skin disease-allergies, infections, parasite infestations, nutritional disorders, endocrine disease, and even certain cancers. (petmd.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is infection caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Doctors usually diagnose the infection by doing blood tests that detect antibodies against the parasite. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Overview of Parasitic Infections A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside another organism (the host) and benefits (for example, by getting nutrients) from the host at the host's expense. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Many intestinal parasitic infections are spread through fecal contamination of food or water. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Overview of Intestinal Protozoan and Microsporidia Infections Protozoa is a loose term for certain nucleated, unicellular organisms (eukaryotes) that lack a cell wall and are neither animals, plants, nor fungi. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Ivermectin Tablet helps treat many parasitic infections of your intestinal tract, skin, and eyes. (exportersindia.com)
  • Tapeworm infections are treated with anti-parasitic drugs. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Treatments for larval cyst infections may include anti-parasitic drugs and surgery to remove the cyst. (mayoclinic.org)
  • He was off the bike for two weeks, mainly because the anti-parasitic medicine left him "too weak to ride. (cyclingnews.com)
  • Parasitic infections due to protozoa and helminths are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Protozoa can multiply in their human hosts, increasing in number to cause overwhelming infection. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Scientists have found that the worm which causes River Blindness survives by using a bacterium to provide energy, and help 'trick' the body's immune system in fighting infections. (medindia.net)
  • It is also called river blindness because the fly that transmits infection breeds in rapidly flowing streams, mostly near remote rural villages, and the disease that is caused by O. volvulus following repeated bites from infected blackflies can lead to blindness. (cdc.gov)
  • Also known as river blindness, this NTD is transmitted through the bite of infected blackflies, causing severe itching and eye lesions from the microfilaria. (kit.nl)
  • Animals are more likely than people are to develop an infection from flukes. (healthline.com)
  • Introduction to Trematodes (Flukes) Flukes are parasitic flatworms that infect the blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, or liver. (merckmanuals.com)
  • There are other types of flukes that can infect other parts of the body such as the blood, pancreas, intestines, lung, and even the eye. (acsh.org)
  • Jaundice may occur from either the flukes plugging up the bile ducts or from stones or cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) which results after a prolonged chronic infection. (acsh.org)
  • Infection is acquired when people come into contact with fresh water infested with the larval forms (cercariae) of parasitic blood flukes, known as schistosomes. (who.int)
  • AEs more commonly observed with Dupixent (?5%) compared to placebo included nasopharyngitis (16% Dupixent, 11% placebo), upper respiratory tract infection (9% Dupixent, 5% placebo), conjunctivitis (6% Dupixent, 2% placebo), herpes viral infections (6% Dupixent, 3% placebo) and increased blood creatine phosphokinase (6% Dupixent, 0% placebo). (biotechgate.com)
  • HSV or Herpes Simplex Virus can infect the eyes of those wearing contact lenses. (planetlasik.com)
  • Amoebic infection of the cornea is a serious corneal infection, often affecting contact lens wearers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Keratitis (also known as Corneal infection or Corneal ulcer) is the most common eye infection caused by contact lenses that affects the Cornea. (planetlasik.com)
  • This type of corneal infection is caused by contact with fungus, like: Candida, Fusarium, or Aspergillus. (planetlasik.com)
  • Exposure to these materials on your hands and touching your eyes or lenses without cleaning your hands properly could result in fungal corneal infection. (planetlasik.com)
  • In adult cats, the infection - which is called toxocariasis - is usually asymptomatic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most infections are asymptomatic but those people with severe infection can have abdominal pain and fatigue. (acsh.org)
  • Some physicians believe that no treatment is necessary for pinworm infections that are asymptomatic, since children usually outgrow the infection as they grow older. (medhelp.org)
  • Ocular toxocariasis typically occurs in 5 to 10-year-olds resulting in significant damage to the eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rarely, eye floaters may be associated with significant ocular disease, including vitreous bleeding or hemorrhage , retinal detachment , severe ocular injury, or diabetic retinopathy . (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Only a qualified eye doctor can determine whether or not the symptom of eye floaters represents a serious ocular condition. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Other potential signs of ocular pain include tearing, pawing at the eye, rubbing the face, reluctance to eat hard foods or fully open the mouth, and reluctance to be petted. (petplace.com)
  • This is called a tapeworm infection. (mayoclinic.org)
  • When people, the definitive host, eat undercooked meat from that cow, they can develop a tapeworm infection. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Left untreated, infections in the eye can cause vision impairment that leads to blindness. (medindia.net)
  • The disease can cause intense itching, eye damage, and irreversible blindness, reducing an individual's ability to work and learn. (medindia.net)
  • Blindness is usually seen in the setting of longstanding and intense infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Photokeratitis - keratitis due to intense ultraviolet radiation exposure (e.g. snow blindness or welder 's arc eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • When left untreated infection can cause irreversible corneal opacities and blindness. (kit.nl)
  • The larvae migrate to the eyes, causing inflammation in different parts of the eye, leading to lesions on the cornea and, eventually, to irreversible blindness. (who.int)
  • Infection can lead to chronic skin disease, severe itching, and eye lesions that can progress to complete blindness. (medscape.com)
  • In West African savanna, the rate of infection has been as high as 80%-100% by age 20 years, with blindness peaking at age 40-50 years. (medscape.com)
  • Trachoma is a disease of the eye and the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. (who.int)
  • When it comes to parasitic infection , flatworms and roundworms are the likely culprits. (healthline.com)
  • The risk of parasitic worm infection is higher in rural or developing regions. (healthline.com)
  • Ingestion of cysticerci in the undercooked and contaminated pork, beef or fish may then result in infection by the adult worm. (gov.hk)
  • The parasitic worm is found primarily in Africa. (medindia.net)
  • Exposure to infective eggs may occur when the person harboring the infection scratches the contaminated area (the area around the anus where the female worm deposits her eggs) and then transfers the eggs to the fingertips and from there to the mouth. (medhelp.org)
  • It may also be used for some other kinds of worm infections. (exportersindia.com)
  • [ 7 ] other non- C albicans species, in particular C tropicalis , have also been implicated in intraocular infections. (medscape.com)
  • Involvement of retinal Müller glial cells has received little attention, although this cell population contributes to the pathology of other intraocular infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • On May 25, 2007, the U.S. Center for Disease Control issued a health advisory due to increased risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis associated with use of Advanced Medical Optics Complete Moisture Plus Multi-Purpose eye solution. (wikipedia.org)
  • A single celled organism known as Acanthamoeba is the reason behind such infections. (planetlasik.com)
  • Candida albicans infection of the mouth and throat may occur. (drugs.com)
  • Infections typically occur after ingestion of raw or undercooked fish. (acsh.org)
  • Benign eye floaters occur at all ages. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • A similar cascade of events can occur as seen posteriorly or in the back of the eye. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Squinting may occur from both external and internal irritation of the eye. (petplace.com)
  • The realization that these subtle expressions are connected to eye disease may only occur after the eye condition has resolved and the pet has resumed there "normal" pattern of behavior. (petplace.com)
  • A 2011 case report noted that pinworms in the tissues of a surgically removed appendix are an infrequent finding, with the researchers also stating that parasitic infections only rarely cause acute appendicitis. (healthline.com)
  • Acute respiratory infections, including pneumonia, are another leading cause of death in children under the age of five. (globalhandwashing.org)
  • Of these 27 eyes, 8 (3.0%) had mononuclear cells, Rubens Belfort, Jr., Michael E. Grigg and 1 (0.4%) had acute, inflammatory infiltrate consistent with OT (Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
  • Contact lens acute red eye (CLARE) - a non-ulcerative sterile keratitis associated with colonization of Gram-negative bacteria on contact lenses . (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the most common fungal infections that result in a rash is ringworm. (oahuderm.com)
  • Fungal infections can also affect the nails and hair. (oahuderm.com)
  • Less common fungal infections may result in those with compromised immune systems (e.g., patients who have HIV). (oahuderm.com)
  • Minor fungal infections may be treated with over-the-counter anti-fungal creams or ointments. (oahuderm.com)
  • A dermatologist should treat more severe or persistent fungal infections. (oahuderm.com)
  • Other sequelae of a chronic long-term infection can include the formation of stones within the gallbladder and bile ducts, superimposed bacterial infections and cancer of the bile ducts. (acsh.org)
  • Chronic inflammation from a parasitic infection is a known cause of CCC. (acsh.org)
  • Here are the types of microbial infections that contact lenses could cause in human eyes. (planetlasik.com)
  • Volunteers who were not infected or who had low-level L. loa infections were given standard ivermectin treatment and observed closely for six days afterwards. (medindia.net)
  • Human contact with contaminated soil, such as working barefoot in fields, may result in these larvae penetrating through the skin and causing infection. (gov.hk)
  • Among the different fungal species, Candida species is the most common cause of infection, followed by Aspergillus species. (medscape.com)
  • Cozza explained that the official diagnosis was "Infectious gastroenteritis caused by a documented parasitic and secondary yeast infection of the intestines called Candida Albicans. (cyclingnews.com)
  • Yeast infections caused by the candida fungus can also result in rashes of the mouth, groin, or vagina. (oahuderm.com)
  • This is called a larval cyst infection. (mayoclinic.org)
  • There also may be pain and swelling at the site of the larval cyst infection. (mayoclinic.org)
  • If this happens, a person can get a larval cyst infection. (sparrow.org)
  • You'll get drops after this operation, in which the doctor replaces your diseased or scarred cornea with a clear one (usually from an eye bank). (webmd.com)
  • The vitreous gel performs no essential functions other than to occupy a space and to clearly transmit light from the cornea and lens in the front of the eye to the retina in the back of the eye. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Complete ophthalmic examination including a Schirmer tear test, fluorescein staining of the cornea, tonometry, examination of the eyelids and surface of the eye with magnification (such as slit-lamp biomicroscopy), and detailed examination of the front and back portions of the eye. (petplace.com)
  • Keratitis is a condition in which the eye 's cornea , the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed . (wikipedia.org)
  • Bacterial infection of the cornea can follow from an injury or from wearing contact lenses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some infections may scar the cornea to limit vision. (wikipedia.org)
  • Others may result in perforation of the cornea, endophthalmitis (an infection inside the eye), or even loss of the eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis of pinworm infection is made by detecting characteristic eggs. (medhelp.org)
  • Sometimes Lyme disease is characterized by a bull's eye-like rash surrounding the tick bite. (oahuderm.com)
  • A microscopic agglutination test, or titer test, will be performed to measure your cat's immune response to the infection by measuring the presence of antibodies in the bloodstream. (petmd.com)
  • The clinical manifestations depend on the infecting species and include gastroenteritis, involvement of the eyes, or disseminated infection. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Sexual development was observed at the 48-h time-point across both species through observations of both microgamonts and macrogamonts, with a higher frequency of macrogamont observations in C. hominis (IdA15G1) cultures at 48-h post-infection compared to both C. parvum subtypes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because FeLV affects the immune system, like FIV, it means that your cat is more susceptible to other illnesses, and may not recover as quickly from common infections or after surgery. (catcaresociety.org)
  • Healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), also known as nosocomial infections, affect 15.5% of patients in developing countries and contribute to antimicrobial resistance, which causes 700,000 deaths each year. (globalhandwashing.org)
  • The disease may be something doctors have already seen before just in a new form or abnormally high numbers, such as foodborne or healthcare-associated infections , or it may be an emerging disease that we don't know much about like SARS . (cdc.gov)
  • Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis represents intraocular dissemination of a systemic fungal infection. (medscape.com)
  • This will help to definitively identify Leptospira spirochetes and the level of systemic infection that is occurring. (petmd.com)
  • If you have glaucoma, don't use eye drops with vasoconstrictors -- decongestants that make blood vessels in your eye smaller. (webmd.com)
  • During the very early stages of embryogenesis, the central cavity of the eye contains blood vessels vital to the normal development of the eye structures. (emedicinehealth.com)
  • Touching an infected area, then touching the eyes or contact lenses could easily transmit the virus to the eyes. (planetlasik.com)
  • A parasitic disease, spread by sandflies which suck blood and transmit infection. (vethelpdirect.com)
  • People contract a pinworm infection when they touch the eggs and end up putting them in their mouths. (healthline.com)
  • Pinworm infection usually affects young children who get infected by getting eggs on their hands (either directly from an infected person or indirectly through contaminated objects) and then putting their hands in their mouths. (gov.hk)
  • Because pinworm infection is spread mainly by children, this infection is most prevalent in family groups, day care centers, schools, and camps. (medhelp.org)
  • and routine hand washing, particularly after using the bathroom, will help prevent pinworm infection or reinfection. (medhelp.org)
  • scarlet fever) are two common bacterial infections that lead to a rash. (oahuderm.com)
  • The most common inpatient diagnoses for children under 12 are pneumonia, malaria, gastrointestinal infections, meningitis, and injuries/fractures. (samaritanspurse.org)
  • Paulo Eye Bank consecutively were examined for macro- among the eyes examined macroscopically in 1985 and scopic chorioretinal lesions or histologic evidence of reti- consistent with previously published work ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Steven Cozza has recovered from the parasitic and yeast infections which forced him to miss the Amgen Tour of California . (cyclingnews.com)
  • Toxocariasis is a human disease caused by infection with the larval stages of the dog or cat roundworm. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment of toxocariasis varies, depending on the type of infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Individuals suffering from severe infections can have an enlarged liver with abdominal discomfort, intense itching, loss of appetite or no appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. (acsh.org)
  • Infection of the liver or kidneys can be fatal when the infection progresses, leading to severe organ damage. (petmd.com)
  • As if that wasn't enough incentive, t he "miracle tree" has also been linked to having positive effects on liver function, skin and hair, bone health, immunity, cardiovascular health, kidney function, eye health, and cancer prevention. (independent.co.uk)
  • Parasitic infections are acquired through ingestion of food contaminated with their eggs. (gov.hk)
  • If the patient does not wash hands thoroughly before preparing food, ingestion of the contaminated food by other persons could result in infection. (gov.hk)
  • Ingestion of the raw or undercooked infected fish may then result in infection. (gov.hk)
  • The most obvious signs of pain associated with eye conditions in dogs are squinting and holding the eyelids closed. (petplace.com)
  • Trauma to the face, eyelids, the eye itself, and the tissues behind the eye may result in dramatic pain. (petplace.com)
  • The researchers conclude that the application of this gel for the treatment of different parasitic infections of the eyelids is viable, and further exploration is recommended. (college-optometrists.org)
  • Endophthalmitis refers to intraocular inflammation involving the vitreous and anterior chamber of the eye. (medscape.com)
  • Fungal endophthalmitis can be divided into the less common endogenous infections and the more common exogenous infections. (medscape.com)
  • Human disease is mainly limited to people who have HIV infection or another severe immunocompromising condition. (merckmanuals.com)
  • 10E-8).PCRDNAsequenceanalysiswasmoresensitive obtained 114 eyes collected during 2009 from eye banks atlocus NTS2 thanatlocus B1 ;ahighfrequencyofmixed in 2 disease-endemic regions of Brazil with different OT co-infectionswasdetected. (cdc.gov)
  • Persons with heavy infections will usually have one or more of three conditions: skin rash (usually itchy), eye disease, or nodules under the skin. (cdc.gov)
  • Since a cat's skin is one of the few organs we can see pretty easily with the naked eye, cat skin disease is easy to spot. (petmd.com)
  • Once a cat has been diagnosed, careful monitoring of weight, appetite, activity level, elimination habits, appearance of the mouth and eyes, and behavior is an important part of managing the disease. (catcaresociety.org)
  • Wild cats are regarded as a reservoir of infection in areas where there is a high level of disease in dogs. (vethelpdirect.com)
  • The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes. (who.int)
  • The current estimation is about 35 million people are infected globally with about 600 million people at risk of infection. (acsh.org)
  • Thus, risk of infection is greater in adventure travelers, missionaries, and Peace Corps and other long-term volunteers who are likely to have more intense or sustained exposure to blackfly bites. (cdc.gov)
  • Travellers to endemic regions may also be at risk of infection. (who.int)
  • Pinworm infections are more common in children. (healthline.com)
  • Handwashing with soap prevents many common and life-threatening infections. (globalhandwashing.org)
  • Most common adverse reactions (reported in greater than or equal to 3% of subjects) are: nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, oral candidiasis, headache, and cough. (drugs.com)
  • In the United States, it is the most common of all parasitic roundworm infections, affecting up to 32 percent of the country's children. (medhelp.org)
  • Ascaris infections are common throughout the world in both temperate and tropical areas. (medhelp.org)
  • Heavily irrigated pastures are also common sources of infection. (petmd.com)
  • [ii] Handwashing reduces the rate of respiratory infections by removing respiratory pathogens from hands, and preventing them from entering the body or passing on to other people. (globalhandwashing.org)
  • therefore some may be infected without showing signs, and become a 'reservoir' of infection. (vethelpdirect.com)
  • Preschool-age children harbour the principal reservoir of infection. (who.int)