Eyelid Diseases
Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous
Blepharoptosis
Ectropion
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Neoplasms
Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms
Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous
Sweat Gland Neoplasms
Oculomotor Muscles
Meibomian Glands
Hidrocystoma
Entropion
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
Long-term results after surgical basal cell carcinoma excision in the eyelid region. (1/160)
AIMS: To evaluate the data for patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in the eyelid region, to demonstrate histologically controlled tumour excision, and to prove the efficacy of the treatment on the basis of long term observations. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 382 microscopically controlled BCC excisions in the eyelid apparatus (350 patients) in a follow up study over 5.7 (SD 1.1) years. Tumour location, tumour size, and histological results were recorded. The same procedure was followed for recurrences. Follow up examinations were carried out 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation, and then annually for a further 4 years or longer. RESULTS: A recurrence rate of 5.36% was observed after the primary operation. 60.3% of first recurrences occurred in the medial canthus, 41.2% showed in depth extension, and sclerosing types were overly represented at 35.3%. After the second operation the recurrence rate increased to 14.7% and reached 50% after a third and fourth operation. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest risk of recurrence exists for BCCs of the medial canthus with in depth extension, and for sclerosing types. The recurrence rate increases after every operation. For high risk cases, consideration should be given to adjuvant treatment such as radiotherapy. (+info)Incidence of eyelid cancers in Singapore from 1968 to 1995. (2/160)
AIM: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with eyelid malignancies seen in all hospitals in Singapore from 1968 to 1995. METHOD: The Singapore Cancer Registry has been collecting epidemiological data of all cancers seen in Singapore since 1968. The data of all cases of Singapore residents with eyelid cancers diagnosed from 1968 to 1995 (ICD-9, sites 172.1 and 173.1) were retrieved for analysis. RESULTS: There were 162 male patients (49.8%) and 163 females (50.2%). The median age at diagnosis was 63 years in males and 66 years in females. The average annual age standardised incidence rate among male Singapore residents was 6.5 per million and 5.5 per million among female Singapore residents. Between 1993 and 1995, the average annual rate for females was 6.8 per million, compared with 3.1 per million between 1968 and 1972. The most common cancer was basal cell carcinoma (84.0%), followed by sebaceous adenocarcinoma (10.2%) and squamous cell carcinoma (3.4%). CONCLUSION: The annual age standardised incidence for male residents has remained relatively stable. The incidence for female residents has shown a steady increase over the past 28 years. The incidence for males is generally higher than that for females. These expanded epidemiological characteristics may serve to provide a foundation to monitor future disease patterns and to promote further research into the aetiology of these cancers. (+info)Ophthalmic abnormalities in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (3/160)
PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of ophthalmic abnormalities in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome) and T-cell lymphoma involving the skin and to describe the clinical course of the disease with selected examples. METHODS: A computerized diagnostic retrieval system was used to identify all patients with T-cell lymphoma involving the skin who were examined at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota) between January 1, 1976 and December 31, 1990. The medical records of affected patients were reviewed. RESULTS: During the 15-year interval from 1976 through 1990, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed in 2,155 patients. Of these 2,155 patients, 42 (1.95%; 26 male and 16 female) had at least 1 ophthalmic abnormality attributable to the disease. The diagnoses in these 42 patients were mycosis fungoides in 19, clinical variants of T-cell lymphoma of the skin (most commonly, peripheral T-cell lymphoma) in 11, and Sezary syndrome in 12. Cicatricial eyelid ectropion was the most common finding, affecting 17 (40.4%) of the 42 patients. Thirty-seven patients had findings that, although probably not a direct consequence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, have been cataloged in previous studies. CONCLUSION: Although ophthalmic abnormalities in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma are relatively uncommon, the manifestations of the disease are diverse and frequently difficult to treat. (+info)Sebaceous adenoma in the region of the medial canthus causing proptosis. (4/160)
A case of sebaceous adenoma in the region of the medial canthus causing proptosis is presented along with a review of the medical literature. The clinicopathological aspects of the tumour are discussed. The mode of treatment was surgical excision. A six month follow-up showed a reduction in the proptosis with no recurrence. (+info)Clear cell hidradenoma of the eyelid: a case report. (5/160)
Sweat gland tumours are extremely rare in the eyelids. We report a case of a clear cell hidradenoma (nodular hidradenoma) in an elderly female, who had presented with a nodular swelling in a eyelid. Clear cell hidradenomas arise as intradermal nodules from eccrine sweat glands. Ultrastructural and enzyme histochemical studies have shown nodular hidradenomas to be intermediate between eccrine poroma and eccrine spiradenoma. No apocrine differentiation has ever been observed in these tumours. Malignant forms are distinctly unusual. This case is being documented for the extremely uncommon presentation of this tumour as an eyelid mass. Complete primary excision is advocated and local steroid preparations should bot be used. (+info)Gene transfer of a soluble receptor of VEGF inhibits the growth of experimental eyelid malignant melanoma. (6/160)
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of a soluble receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the growth of experimental eyelid malignant melanoma. METHODS: An adenovirus vector encoding a soluble VEGF receptor/flt-1 (Adflt-ExR) was constructed. The bovine retinal endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated in a culture medium of 293E1 cells infected by means of an adenovirus vector or uninfected (control), which contained human recombinant VEGF, and the [3H]thymidine uptake was tested. The experimental eyelid malignant melanoma was induced by the injection of B16 melanoma cells (4 x 10(6) cells) into the right upper eyelid of BALB/c nu/nu mice, and the size of the tumor was recorded for 3 weeks after tumor cell injection. The effect of Adflt-ExR was examined in three ways. Model 1: B16 cells were infected by Adflt-ExR beforehand (at a multiplicity of infection [MOI] of 10) and injected into the eyelid. Model 2: Adflt-ExR was injected into pre-established B16 cell-induced eyelid malignant melanoma. Model 3: Adflt-ExR was injected into the femoral muscle of mice before B16 cell injection into the eyelid, and the remote effect was evaluated. An adenovirus vector bearing the LacZ gene (AdLacZ) or phosphate-buffered saline was used as a control. The amount of VEGF and the flt-ExR protein was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Vascularization was evaluated by counting the number and the size of the vessels. RESULTS: The supernatant of Adflt-ExR-transfected cells clearly inhibited VEGF-induced bovine retinal EC proliferation in vitro. In models 1 and 2, the tumor growth in Adflt-ExR-treated mice was significantly lower than that of controls (P < 0.05). In model 3, no significant difference was found (P = 0.14). The molar ratio of VEGF/flt-ExR protein was clearly low in the tumors of Adflt-ExR-treated mice in models 1 and 2 (P < 0.01) but not in model 3 (P > 0.05). In vessel density, the tumors in Adflt-ExR-treated mice had fewer vessels than tumors in control animals in models 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of a soluble form of VEGF receptor (flt-1) gene inhibited the growth of the experimental eyelid malignant melanoma. This method may be useful as an antiangiogenic therapy for eyelid malignant melanoma. (+info)Six-year disease-free survival of a patient with metastatic eyelid squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma after repeated postoperative adoptive immunotherapy. (7/160)
A 74-year-old male was affected concurrently with squamous cell carcinoma of the left eyelid and adenocarcinoma of the colon, both with lymph node metastasis. He underwent exenteration of the left orbit with left modified radical neck dissection and subsequently resection of the transverse colon with regional lymph node dissection. The patient has been treated by an adoptive immunotherapy as a sole postoperative modality without receiving any chemotherapeutic agents causing immunosuppression. For the adoptive immunotherapy, autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes were activated with an immobilized anti-CD3 antibody and IL-2 for 14 days (the CD3-AT cells). The infusion with 1.38 x 10(10) CD3-AT cells has been repeated 150 times in total at the time of writing. Neither recurrence nor additional metastasis has been detected for 6 years after surgery. (+info)Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids: frequent expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. (8/160)
Ocular sebaceous carcinoma (OSC) is an uncommon malignancy with a potential to recur and metastasize. Some characteristics of sebaceous carcinoma, such as female preponderance, shown in the present series during 11-year period at Korea Cancer Center Hospital, led us to study their hormone receptors and c-erbB-2 expression. c-erbB-2 overexpression was very common (83%) in OSC, and was not associated with pathologic findings or clinical outcome. Interestingly, estrogen and progesterone receptor was detected in 4 and 2 cases, respectively, suggesting a role of hormonal influence on this neoplasm. Immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic features of 18 cases of OSC in Korea are presented. (+info)Eyelid neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the tissues of the eyelids. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Common types of benign eyelid neoplasms include papillomas, hemangiomas, and nevi. Malignant eyelid neoplasms are typically classified as basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, or melanomas. These malignant tumors can be aggressive and may spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Treatment options for eyelid neoplasms depend on the type, size, and location of the growth, as well as the patient's overall health. Surgical excision is often the preferred treatment approach, although radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be used in some cases. Regular follow-up care is important to monitor for recurrence or new growths.
Eyelid diseases refer to a variety of medical conditions that affect the function and/or appearance of the eyelids. These can include structural abnormalities, such as entropion (inward turning of the eyelid) or ectropion (outward turning of the eyelid), as well as functional issues like ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid). Other common eyelid diseases include blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid margin), chalazion (a blocked oil gland in the eyelid), and cancerous or benign growths on the eyelid. Symptoms of eyelid diseases can vary widely, but often include redness, swelling, pain, itching, tearing, and sensitivity to light. Treatment for these conditions depends on the specific diagnosis and may range from self-care measures and medications to surgical intervention.
Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of excess skin, fat, and muscle from the upper and/or lower eyelids. The primary goal of blepharoplasty is to improve the appearance of the eyes by reducing signs of aging such as drooping eyelids, bags under the eyes, and wrinkles around the eyes.
In an upper blepharoplasty, an incision is made in the natural crease of the upper eyelid, allowing the surgeon to remove excess skin and fat, and sometimes tighten the muscle. In a lower blepharoplasty, an incision may be made just below the lashes or inside the lower lid, depending on whether skin or fat needs to be removed.
Blepharoplasty is typically performed as an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia. Recovery time varies but usually includes some swelling and bruising for several days to a week or two. The results of blepharoplasty can be long-lasting, although they may not completely stop the aging process.
Eyelid conditioning, also known as eyelid classical conditioning or Ursinus' phenomenon, is a type of reflex conditioning that involves associating a neutral stimulus with the natural act of blinking. This concept was first described by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov and later studied in detail by German ophthalmologist Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz and Austrian physician Sigmund Exner.
In this procedure, a conditioned stimulus (like a sound or light) is repeatedly presented just before the unconditioned stimulus (such as a puff of air directed at the eye), which naturally triggers the blink reflex. Over time, the subject begins to associate the conditioned stimulus with the blinking response and will start to blink even when only the conditioned stimulus is presented, without the presence of the unconditioned stimulus. This learning process is an example of classical conditioning and can be used in various research and clinical applications.
Adenocarcinoma, sebaceous is a type of cancer that develops from the sebaceous glands, which are glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum. This type of cancer is a malignant tumor that forms in the glandular cells and can spread to other parts of the body. It most commonly occurs in the glands found in the eyelids (known as meibomian glands), but it can also occur in other areas of the body such as the genitals, breasts, and skin.
Sebaceous adenocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer, accounting for less than 1% of all skin cancers. It typically affects older adults and has been linked to exposure to radiation and certain genetic mutations. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with radiation therapy or chemotherapy in some cases.
It is important to note that while I strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, this definition may not be complete or fully comprehensive. If you have any concerns about your health or a medical condition, it is always best to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment.
Blepharoptosis is a medical term that refers to the drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. It is usually caused by weakness or paralysis of the muscle that raises the eyelid, known as the levator palpebrae superioris. This condition can be present at birth or acquired later in life due to various factors such as aging, nerve damage, eye surgery complications, or certain medical conditions like myasthenia gravis or brain tumors. Blepharoptosis may obstruct vision and cause difficulty with daily activities, and treatment options include eyedrops, eye patches, or surgical correction.
Ectropion is a medical condition that affects the eyelid, specifically the lower eyelid. It occurs when the lower eyelid is turned outward, away from the eye, causing the inner surface of the lid to be exposed. This can lead to various symptoms such as dryness, redness, irritation, and tearing of the eye. Ectropion can be caused by a variety of factors including aging, facial paralysis, scarring, or previous eyelid surgery. Treatment typically involves surgical correction to tighten the eyelid and restore it to its normal position.
Blepharitis is a common inflammatory condition that affects the eyelids, specifically the eyelash follicles and the edges of the eyelids (called the "eyelid margins"). It can cause symptoms such as redness, swelling, itching, burning, and a crusty or flaky buildup on the lashes. Blepharitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial infection, skin disorders like seborrheic dermatitis or rosacea, and meibomian gland dysfunction. It is often a chronic condition that requires ongoing treatment to manage symptoms and prevent recurrence.
Pancreatic neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the pancreas that can be benign or malignant. The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that produces hormones and digestive enzymes. Pancreatic neoplasms can interfere with the normal functioning of the pancreas, leading to various health complications.
Benign pancreatic neoplasms are non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body. They are usually removed through surgery to prevent any potential complications, such as blocking the bile duct or causing pain.
Malignant pancreatic neoplasms, also known as pancreatic cancer, are cancerous growths that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs. They can also spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, such as the liver, lungs, or bones. Pancreatic cancer is often aggressive and difficult to treat, with a poor prognosis.
There are several types of pancreatic neoplasms, including adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and cystic neoplasms. The specific type of neoplasm is determined through various diagnostic tests, such as imaging studies, biopsies, and blood tests. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences.
Neoplasms are abnormal growths of cells or tissues in the body that serve no physiological function. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms are aggressive, invasive, and can metastasize to distant sites.
Neoplasms occur when there is a dysregulation in the normal process of cell division and differentiation, leading to uncontrolled growth and accumulation of cells. This can result from genetic mutations or other factors such as viral infections, environmental exposures, or hormonal imbalances.
Neoplasms can develop in any organ or tissue of the body and can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and type. Treatment options for neoplasms include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, among others.
Sebaceous gland neoplasms are abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the sebaceous glands, which are small oil-producing glands found in the skin. These glands are responsible for producing sebum, a natural oil that helps keep the skin and hair moisturized. Sebaceous gland neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Benign sebaceous gland neoplasms include:
* Seborrheic keratosis: These are common, harmless growths that appear as rough, scaly patches on the skin. They can be tan, brown, or black in color and vary in size from small to large.
* Sebaceous adenoma: This is a benign tumor that arises from the sebaceous glands. It typically appears as a small, yellowish bump on the skin.
Malignant sebaceous gland neoplasms include:
* Sebaceous carcinoma: This is a rare but aggressive form of skin cancer that arises from the sebaceous glands. It often appears as a hard, painless nodule on the eyelid or other areas of the face and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated.
* Basal cell carcinoma: While not exclusively a sebaceous gland neoplasm, basal cell carcinomas can sometimes arise from the sebaceous glands. These are slow-growing but invasive skin cancers that typically appear as pearly or flesh-colored bumps on the skin.
It is important to have any new or changing growths on the skin evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine whether they are benign or malignant and to develop an appropriate treatment plan if necessary.
Neoplasms: Neoplasms refer to abnormal growths of tissue that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They occur when the normal control mechanisms that regulate cell growth and division are disrupted, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
Cystic Neoplasms: Cystic neoplasms are tumors that contain fluid-filled sacs or cysts. These tumors can be benign or malignant and can occur in various organs of the body, including the pancreas, ovary, and liver.
Mucinous Neoplasms: Mucinous neoplasms are a type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of mucin, a gel-like substance produced by certain types of cells. These tumors can occur in various organs, including the ovary, pancreas, and colon. Mucinous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, and malignant forms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.
Serous Neoplasms: Serous neoplasms are another type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of serous fluid, which is a thin, watery fluid. These tumors commonly occur in the ovary and can be benign or malignant. Malignant serous neoplasms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.
In summary, neoplasms refer to abnormal tissue growths that can be benign or malignant. Cystic neoplasms contain fluid-filled sacs and can occur in various organs of the body. Mucinous neoplasms produce a gel-like substance called mucin and can also occur in various organs, while serous neoplasms produce thin, watery fluid and commonly occur in the ovary. Both mucinous and serous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, with malignant forms often being aggressive and having a poor prognosis.
Sweat gland neoplasms are abnormal growths that develop in the sweat glands. These growths can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign sweat gland neoplasms include hidradenomas and syringomas, which are usually slow-growing and cause little to no symptoms. Malignant sweat gland neoplasms, also known as sweat gland carcinomas, are rare but aggressive cancers that can spread to other parts of the body. They may cause symptoms such as a lump or mass under the skin, pain, swelling, and redness. Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the growth.
The oculomotor muscles are a group of extraocular muscles that control the movements of the eye. They include:
1. Superior rectus: This muscle is responsible for elevating the eye and helping with inward rotation (intorsion) when looking downwards.
2. Inferior rectus: It depresses the eye and helps with outward rotation (extorsion) when looking upwards.
3. Medial rectus: This muscle adducts, or moves, the eye towards the midline of the face.
4. Inferior oblique: The inferior oblique muscle intorts and elevates the eye.
5. Superior oblique: It extorts and depresses the eye.
These muscles work together to allow for smooth and precise movements of the eyes, enabling tasks such as tracking moving objects, reading, and maintaining visual fixation on a single point in space.
Skin neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the skin that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled multiplication of skin cells, which can form various types of lesions. These growths may appear as lumps, bumps, sores, patches, or discolored areas on the skin.
Benign skin neoplasms include conditions such as moles, warts, and seborrheic keratoses, while malignant skin neoplasms are primarily classified into melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. These three types of cancerous skin growths are collectively known as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer, while NMSCs tend to be less invasive but more common.
It's essential to monitor any changes in existing skin lesions or the appearance of new growths and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment if needed.
Meibomian glands are sebaceous glands located in the eyelids, specifically at the rim of the eyelid near the lashes. They produce an oily substance called meibum that forms the outermost layer of the tear film, helping to prevent evaporation and keep the eye surface lubricated. The Meibomian glands play a crucial role in maintaining the health and comfort of the eyes by providing stability to the tear film and protecting the eye from irritants and dryness.
A hidrocystoma is a benign, cystic lesion that typically occurs on the eyelid or periorbital skin. It arises from the eccrine sweat glands and can be either simple (solitary) or compound (multiple).
Simple hidrocystomas are more common and appear as a clear, fluid-filled cyst that ranges in size from a few millimeters to a centimeter in diameter. Compound hidrocystomas, on the other hand, are less common and appear as multiple, smaller cysts that can coalesce into larger lesions.
Hidrocystomas are usually asymptomatic but can become inflamed or infected, causing discomfort or pain. Treatment options include observation, drainage, or surgical excision.
Entropion is a medical condition in which the eyelid, particularly the lower eyelid, turns inward or rolls in toward the eye. This can cause the eyelashes or skin to rub against the cornea, which can lead to discomfort, irritation, and potentially damage the front surface of the eye. Entropion can be caused by various factors such as aging, eye inflammation, injury, or congenital defects. Treatment typically involves surgical correction to tighten or reposition the eyelid. If left untreated, entropion may result in corneal abrasions, infections, and vision loss.
Multiple primary neoplasms refer to the occurrence of more than one primary malignant tumor in an individual, where each tumor is unrelated to the other and originates from separate cells or organs. This differs from metastatic cancer, where a single malignancy spreads to multiple sites in the body. Multiple primary neoplasms can be synchronous (occurring at the same time) or metachronous (occurring at different times). The risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms increases with age and is associated with certain genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption.
Blepharospasm is a medical condition characterized by involuntary spasms and contractions of the muscles around the eyelids. These spasms can cause frequent blinkings, eye closure, and even difficulty in keeping the eyes open. In some cases, the spasms may be severe enough to interfere with vision, daily activities, and quality of life.
The exact cause of blepharospasm is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve abnormal functioning of the basal ganglia, a part of the brain that controls movement. It can occur as an isolated condition (known as essential blepharospasm) or as a symptom of other neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease or dystonia.
Treatment options for blepharospasm may include medication, botulinum toxin injections, surgery, or a combination of these approaches. The goal of treatment is to reduce the frequency and severity of the spasms, improve symptoms, and enhance the patient's quality of life.
Eyelashes are defined in medical terms as the slender, hair-like growths that originate from the edges of the eyelids. They are made up of keratin and follicles, and their primary function is to protect the eyes from debris, sweat, and other irritants by acting as a physical barrier. Additionally, they play a role in enhancing the aesthetic appeal of the eyes and can also serve as a sensory organ, helping to detect potential threats near the eye area.
Ophthalmologic surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries performed on the eye and its surrounding structures by trained medical professionals called ophthalmologists. These procedures aim to correct or improve vision, diagnose and treat eye diseases or injuries, and enhance the overall health and functionality of the eye. Some common examples of ophthalmologic surgical procedures include:
1. Cataract Surgery: This procedure involves removing a cloudy lens (cataract) from the eye and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL).
2. LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis): A type of refractive surgery that uses a laser to reshape the cornea, correcting nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.
3. Glaucoma Surgery: Several surgical options are available for treating glaucoma, including laser trabeculoplasty, traditional trabeculectomy, and various drainage device implantations. These procedures aim to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and prevent further optic nerve damage.
4. Corneal Transplant: This procedure involves replacing a damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy donor cornea to restore vision and improve the eye's appearance.
5. Vitreoretinal Surgery: These procedures focus on treating issues within the vitreous humor (gel-like substance filling the eye) and the retina, such as retinal detachment, macular holes, or diabetic retinopathy.
6. Strabismus Surgery: This procedure aims to correct misalignment of the eyes (strabismus) by adjusting the muscles responsible for eye movement.
7. Oculoplastic Surgery: These procedures involve reconstructive, cosmetic, and functional surgeries around the eye, such as eyelid repair, removal of tumors, or orbital fracture repairs.
8. Pediatric Ophthalmologic Procedures: Various surgical interventions are performed on children to treat conditions like congenital cataracts, amblyopia (lazy eye), or blocked tear ducts.
These are just a few examples of ophthalmic surgical procedures. The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual's condition and overall health.
Ptosis (eyelid)
List of MeSH codes (C11)
Eye neoplasm
Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma
Hidrocystoma
Schöpf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome
List of MeSH codes (C04)
Fibroma
Small supernumerary marker chromosome
Parinaud's syndrome
Sebaceous carcinoma
Pilomatricoma
Trichofolliculoma
Infantile hemangioma
Turner syndrome
Skin cancer in horses
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
Brachytherapy
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B
Secretory carcinoma
Carol Shields (ophthalmologist)
Photinos Panas
Skin tag
Carney complex
Canine histiocytic diseases
Syringoma
Merkel-cell carcinoma
Cellular angiofibroma
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Cavernous hemangioma
2020-2021 BCSC Basic and Clinical Science Course™
Ptosis (eyelid) - Wikipedia
2016 ICD-10-CM Casefinding List
List of the Best cheats | Game Hacks, ESP, Wallhack - Diwa GbR
16906561000119108 - Primary squamous cell carcinoma of left upper eyelid - SNOMED CT
Bell Law Firm Files Malpractice Lawsuit Against MAK Anesthesia - Legal Reader
The Ophthalmic Examination - WSAVA 2001 - VIN
Pigmented Lesions of the Eyelid: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem
RBCP - Summary
Human Genome Epidemiology Literature Finder|Home|PHGKB
head and neck anatomy.ppt
Sqadia Ophthalmology 2021 (Videos) - CME Video | USMLE and Board Review Courses
Bio2Vec
PRIME PubMed | Malignant eyelid tumours in Taiwan
Eye Problems - Alaskan Malamute Health
Eyelid surgery - Университет. Цены в клиниках
Клиника Движение на Рионской
PRSweb
Ptosis (eyelid) - AbsoluteAstronomy.com
Lower Eyelid Reconstruction: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem
Búsqueda | Portal Regional de la BVS
Eyelid Papillomas - Medic Journal
Peter Sakol, MD
Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of tumors in animals attending veterinary teaching hospital
Cosmetic and Reconstructive Surgery of the eyelids, orbits and tear ducts
Ophthalmology
Fibroblast Eyelid Lift Freckle Mole Spot Anti Wrinkle Removal Treatment Skin Tighten Care Plasma Pen Plasmapen Professional in...
Tumors13
- Melanomas arise from epidermal melanocytes and represent less than 1% of all eyelid tumors. (medscape.com)
- A brain tumor is an intracranial solid neoplasm, a tumor within the brain or the central spinal canal.Brain tumors include all tumors inside the cranium or in the central spinal canal. (absoluteastronomy.com)
- It is the most common eyelid malignancy and accounts for approximately 90% of eyelid tumors. (medscape.com)
- In addition to surgical excision of tumors, eyelid defects may result from trauma or burns, or they may be congenital. (medscape.com)
- Eyelid papillomas are tumors of the integumentary epithelium of the skin of the accessory apparatus of the eye with varying degrees of dysplasia caused by the human papillomavirus. (medic-journal.com)
- Most often, eyelid papillomas are benign tumors, malignancy is rarely observed. (medic-journal.com)
- OBJECTIVES: To report 4 cases of primary mucinous carcinoma of the eyelid, demonstrate how p63 expression aids diagnosis, and review the literature regarding the local recurrence potential of these eyelid tumors. (duke.edu)
- All tumors were dermis based in the upper eyelid, three-fourths invaded the orbicularis oculi muscle, and the average tumor diameter was 3.7 mm. (duke.edu)
- The tumors can grow on the eyelid or within the wall of the eye. (alike.health)
- some tumors produced in the area can cause inflammation of the eyelids, such as adenocarcinomas or sebaceous adenomas, mastocytoma or squamous cell carcinoma. (animalwised.com)
- Sebaceous gland tumors of the eyelids and conjunctiva in the Muir-Torre syndrome: A clinicopathologic study of five cases and literature review. (meduniver.com)
- Lipoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm of soft tissue composed of mature adipocyte cells, being among the most common benign tumors. (bvsalud.org)
- Some lesions of the oral cavity may not be genuine benign tumors, being herniations of the adipose cushion of the cheek mucosa 4 , a fact which alerts the professional responsible for the diagnosis to an understanding of the main clinical characteristics of this benign neoplasm. (bvsalud.org)
Carcinoma16
- It is estimated that of all benign and malignant lesions of the eyelid, roughly 35% are comprised of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma . (medscape.com)
- Although basal cell carcinoma is the most common eyelid cancer in Taiwan, sebaceous gland carcinoma is also common. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the second most common cause for eyelid reconstruction. (medscape.com)
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), sebaceous cell carcinoma (SebCC), and cutaneous melanoma are other neoplasms that involve the eyelids. (medscape.com)
- Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) and primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC) are rare low-grade neoplasms thought to arise from apocrine glands that share many histological features and are proposed to be on a single histopathologic continuum, with EMPSGC as the in situ form that may progress to the invasive PCMC. (bvsalud.org)
- Various central nervous system neoplasms have been associated with familial nonpolyposis gut carcinoma, and appropriate imaging should be performed in the presence of suggestive signs or symptoms. (medscape.com)
- Sebaceous carcinoma is an outright malignant neoplasm with prominent cellular pleomorphism and anaplasia. (medscape.com)
- Scholars@Duke publication: Primary mucinous carcinoma of the eyelid: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 4 cases and an update on recurrence rates. (duke.edu)
- METHODS: Since 1991, we have examined 4 cases of primary mucinous carcinoma of the eyelid. (duke.edu)
- Published cases of primary mucinous carcinoma involving the eyelid were identified using Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed and references within the articles. (duke.edu)
- CONCLUSION: Primary mucinous carcinoma of the eyelid is a low-grade malignant tumor with the potential for recurrence, although this may be reduced using Mohs surgery or excision with frozen section control. (duke.edu)
- Sebaceous carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm arising in sebaceous glands that is characterized by extensive lipid production. (missionforvisionusa.org)
- Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids may arise in the meibomian glands of the tarsus, the glands of Zeis in the skin of the eyelid, or the sebaceous glands of the caruncle. (missionforvisionusa.org)
- Sebaceous carcinoma infiltrates and destroys the architecture of the eyelid. (missionforvisionusa.org)
- A patient with chronic unilateral conjunctivitis of six years' duration was discovered to have sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. (nih.gov)
- Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma associated with Muir-Torre syndrome in two cases. (meduniver.com)
Lower eyelid6
- Figure 17-11 Pilomatricoma, right lower eyelid. (aao.org)
- For example, the Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap initially was described in 1937 for reconstructing full-thickness defects involving the central portion of the lower eyelid. (medscape.com)
- A typical defect may involve 50% of the central portion of the lower eyelid. (medscape.com)
- Lower eyelid can be separated into 2 main layers or lamellae, anterior and posterior. (medscape.com)
- Most often, papillomas are localized on the lower eyelid and do not affect visual acuity. (medic-journal.com)
- Syringomas are more common in women and tend to appear during puberty or in early adulthood, most commonly localizing to the lower eyelid, but are also common on the upper cheek, upper chest, axilla, abdomen, and vulva. (medscape.com)
Malignancy4
- BCC is the most common eyelid malignancy. (medscape.com)
- Ulceration, irregular borders, telangiectasia, pearly borders, and loss of eyelid margin architecture ( Table 1 ) are key features suggestive of eyelid malignancy. (touchophthalmology.com)
- Irregularity in the contour or borders of an eyelid lesion occurs due to the presence of multiple cellular populations growing at different rates and should raise suspicion for malignancy ( Figure 1B ). (touchophthalmology.com)
- Sebaceous adenoma of the eyelid and visceral malignancy. (meduniver.com)
Conjunctiva3
- When a neoplasm appears at the ciliary edge or on the border with the conjunctiva, the patient may complain of a pronounced pain syndrome, a feeling of a foreign body, blepharospasm, hyperemia, decreased vision. (medic-journal.com)
- Complications occur when the papilloma is localized at the ciliary edge of the eyelids, in the intermarginal space, in the area of the inner corner of the eye, as well as when the neoplasm spreads to the conjunctiva. (medic-journal.com)
- Sebaceous carcinomas are common on the eyelid and tend to present with pagetoid extension of atypical sebaceous cells in the conjunctiva or in the epidermis. (medscape.com)
Lesions9
- The eyelids are often affected by a variety of lesions. (medscape.com)
- Most eyelid lesions are of benign origin, but some eyelid lesions may be malignant. (medscape.com)
- Malignant melanomas are responsible for only 1% of all eyelid lesions. (medscape.com)
- Therefore, it is important to recognize benign and malignant lesions of the eyelid, especially when pigmented. (medscape.com)
- Suspicious eyelid lesions, particularly when they are pigmented, need to be removed for purposes of a biopsy. (medscape.com)
- The frequency of pigmented lesions of the eyelid varies according to the lesion type and patient characteristics. (medscape.com)
- Environmental characteristics play a role, with the frequency of benign and malignant eyelid lesions increasing in areas closer to the equator. (medscape.com)
- Pigmented lesions of the eyelids arise from 1 of 3 types of melanocytes, as follows: (1) epidermal or dendritic melanocytes, (2) nevus cells or nevocytes, and (3) dermal or fusiform melanocytes. (medscape.com)
- Eyelid lesions are common. (touchophthalmology.com)
Ptosis7
- Ptosis, also known as blepharoptosis, is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. (wikipedia.org)
- Ptosis occurs as the result of dysfunction of the muscles that raise the eyelid or their nerve supply (oculomotor nerve for levator palpebrae superioris and sympathetic nerves for superior tarsal muscle). (wikipedia.org)
- Ptosis may be caused by damage to the muscle that raises the eyelid, damage to the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion or damage to the oculomotor nerve, which controls the muscle. (wikipedia.org)
- Ptosis caused by trauma can ensue after an eyelid laceration with transection of the upper eyelid elevators or disruption of the neural input. (wikipedia.org)
- Other causes of ptosis include eyelid neoplasms, neurofibromas or cicatrization after inflammation or surgery. (wikipedia.org)
- Mechanical ptosis can also occur due to scarring tissue restricting the patient's eyelid excursion or weighing down the patient's lid. (wikipedia.org)
- initially 85% of patients have involvement of the eyelids and extraocular muscles, resulting in ptosis and/or diplopia. (medscape.com)
Tumor4
- Eyelid tumor excision and trauma are 2 common causes of eyelid defects requiring surgical reconstruction. (medscape.com)
- Eyelid papillomas are tumor-like neoplasms on the skin of the eyelid resulting from infection with the human papillomavirus. (medic-journal.com)
- Treatment of eyelid papilloma is the removal of the tumor using chemical or physical methods of destruction. (medic-journal.com)
- Complete effacement of Meibomian glands of the eyelid is due to infiltration by a white tumor (number 4) that appears to have its center where the Meibomian glands usually are located in the lid. (missionforvisionusa.org)
Recurrence2
- The mean interval of recurrence or metastasis after primary treatment was 26.3 months (range 4-112) for all eyelid cancers. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Published cases occurring in the eyelid have had a 30% to 40% recurrence rate using surgery without intraoperative evaluation of surgical margins and a 7% recurrence rate after either Mohs surgery or excision with frozen section control. (duke.edu)
Lesion3
- During a routine outpatient procedure to remove a tiny benign lesion from the eyelid of 10-year-old, anesthesiologist Dr. Sheel Todd failed to reduce and clear the oxygen-rich air in the surgical field. (legalreader.com)
- Change in size or pigmentation of an eyelid lesion is significant in the history. (medscape.com)
- Although a pigmented eyelid lesion may appear benign, it is wise to obtain a specimen for pathological examination because of the associated risk of mortality associated with malignant melanoma. (medscape.com)
Basal1
- It is believed that the basal layer contains papillomavirus-sensitive cells and enough single virus particles to stimulate the development of eyelid papilloma. (medic-journal.com)
Common eyelid1
- The authors review these signs and detail some common eyelid malignancies and treatment options for more advanced disease including novel targeted therapies. (touchophthalmology.com)
Cutaneous2
- Risk factors for cutaneous eyelid malignancies include advanced age, significant sun exposure with sunburn or prior skin cancer, prior radiation therapy (RT), or immunosuppression. (touchophthalmology.com)
- Cutaneous sebaceous neoplasms. (meduniver.com)
Disorders1
- Eyelid disorders may be associated with facial and orbital abnormalities, specific breeds, and adjunct skin diseases, as well as with many systemic diseases. (merckvetmanual.com)
Diseases4
- Experience in the SEER registries has shown that using the Supplemental List increases casefinding for benign brain and CNS, hematopoietic neoplasms, and other reportable diseases. (cancer.gov)
- Among the main causes of eyelid inflammation in cats, we can see primary skin problems, bacterial, viral or parasitic infections, or autoimmune diseases. (animalwised.com)
- parasitic agents responsible for diseases such as sarcoptic or demodectic mange and the cuterebra parasite can cause inflammation of the eyelids. (animalwised.com)
- Results: A total of 53 patients were identified constituting 37.3 of all eyelid diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Benign neoplasms2
- Syringomas are thought to be benign neoplasms of eccrine gland origin. (medscape.com)
- However, it has been reported that they are uncommon in the oral cavity, representing between 15% and 20% of cases involving the head and neck, and between 1% and 5% of all benign neoplasms of the oral cavity. (bvsalud.org)
Surface of the eyelid2
- When blinking, the corneal is affected by the uneven surface of the eyelid papilloma, which leads to the appearance of these symptoms. (medic-journal.com)
- Blepharitis in cats can also produce an inflammation of the inner surface of the eyelid. (animalwised.com)
Blepharitis8
- We delve into the various, causes, symptoms and treatment of swollen eyelids in cats, but insist a cat should be taken to a veterinarian if blepharitis is suspected. (animalwised.com)
- Blepharitis is a general term for a swollen eyelid in cats . (animalwised.com)
- partial blepharitis can be anterior, when it only affects the outer and front part of the eyelid where the eyelashes emerge, or posterior, which affects the glands that produce fat located in the part lower lid. (animalwised.com)
- occurs when anterior blepharitis and posterior blepharitis occur at the same time, affecting both the inner and outer face of the cat's eyelid. (animalwised.com)
- cats are born with eyelid alterations from birth which makes them prone to the development of blepharitis. (animalwised.com)
- bacteria can infect the surface of the eyelids and produce an inflammatory process responsible for blepharitis. (animalwised.com)
- lacerations, blows, wounds, scratches or burns can cause blepharitis due to direct damage of the eyelid structures. (animalwised.com)
- In addition to the cat's eyelid being swollen, blepharitis in cats can produce various types of symptoms. (animalwised.com)
Clinical4
- To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with eyelid cancers in Taiwan. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The clinical picture of eyelid papilloma depends on the localization and features of the growth of education. (medic-journal.com)
- The key clinical feature is thickening of the eyelid which is present in about 57% of cases. (missionforvisionusa.org)
- In this review, the authors describe common clinical signs of eyelid malignancies and detail features of some of the more common carcinomas found in the periocular region. (touchophthalmology.com)
Malignancies1
- The eyelids may harbor malignancies that can pose serious risks to the eyes. (touchophthalmology.com)
Treatment of malignant2
- Long-term follow-up is needed after treatment of malignant eyelid tumours. (unboundmedicine.com)
- According to modern standards, treatment of malignant skin epithelial neoplasms in the Republic of Tajikistan has been accepted [1-5]. (actascientific.com)
Melanoma1
- Lentigo maligna or superficial spreading melanoma of the eyelid. (medscape.com)
Papilloma6
- The lawsuit states that the young girl had received a squamous papilloma diagnosis, a benign neoplasm on her eyelid. (legalreader.com)
- The leading etiological factor provoking the development of papilloma of the eyelid is infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). (medic-journal.com)
- The onset of integration (the formation of papilloma of the eyelid) is possible even after 20 years from the beginning of infection, the time of development of the disease is determined not only by the virus, but also by the presence of a hereditary predisposition of the patient in combination with other factors. (medic-journal.com)
- Usually they are asymptomatic, the patient turns to an ophthalmologist when there is an obvious cosmetic defect caused by an increase in the papilloma of the eyelid. (medic-journal.com)
- ICD - 10 Guidelines - Chapter 2 Neoplasms C00 D49 - class 1 - Medical Coding Guidelines enemas de la viermi la copii Papiloma virus cancer garganta preparate pentru tratarea helmintelor umane, endometrial cancer icd 10 papilloma gola ciuperci de plop. (wishstudio.ro)
- ICDCM Coding Demonstration using Neoplasm Table cancerul gastric-intestinal Profilaxie helminti case laryngeal papilloma, papillomavirus homme oeil kako se leci hpv Condylomata acuminata definition hpv cervical cancer leep, papilloma virus e ciclo mestruale papilloma squamous eyelid. (wishstudio.ro)
Primary1
- Overview of Neoplasia of the Eye and Associated Structures in Animals The various tissues of the eye and associated structures can be the site of primary or metastatic neoplasms. (merckvetmanual.com)
Sebaceous glands1
- sebaceous adenoma is a more benign [[neoplasm]] of the sebaceous glands. (wikidoc.org)
Droop1
- Signs and symptoms typically seen in this condition include: The eyelid(s) may appear to droop. (wikipedia.org)
Adenoma1
- Sebaceous adenoma of the eyelid in Muir-Torre syndrome. (meduniver.com)
Orbit1
- The levator palpebrae superioris is the muscle in the orbit that elevates the superior eyelid. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Entropion3
- Entropion is an inversion of all or part of the eyelid margins that may involve one or both eyelids and the canthi. (merckvetmanual.com)
- Early spastic entropion may be reversed if the inciting cause is quickly removed or if pain is alleviated by everting the eyelid hairs away from the globe with temporary tacking sutures in the eyelid margin Temporary eyelid-tacking sutures or surgical staples left in place for 2-3 weeks may be used to treat entropion in puppies, foals, and sheep. (merckvetmanual.com)
- These anomalies can be poor growth or positioning of the eyelashes, double eyelid margins or entropion or prominent nasal folds, among others. (animalwised.com)
Upper5
- Sagging upper eyelids can partially block the field of view. (wikipedia.org)
- Unspecified/other malignant neoplasm of skin of upper limb, incl. (cancer.gov)
- The superior tarsal muscle is a smooth muscle adjoining the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid. (absoluteastronomy.com)
- Eyelid upper pen work with advanced over-current plasma fire, once touch organic stuff soon raise temperature to 755 -2000 degree centigrade, max power 2500W to keep wound soon carbinization and soon reciver.However wound size only 0.06mm so without bleeding and scars. (unicelaser.com)
- Sagittal section through the upper eyelid. (wikidoc.org)
Third eyelid1
- Third eyelid adenomas in cats and dogs were composed of well-demarcated nodules containing neoplastic sebaceous cells present in glandular form and combined by hyperplasia of epidermis extended inside the neoplastic mass. (vetmedmosul.com)
Inflammation2
- The inflammation of the cat's eyelid encompasses the epidermis of the middle parts of the eyelid. (animalwised.com)
- when the cause that causes the inflammation of the eyelids is unknown. (animalwised.com)
Examination1
- Diagnosis of benign eye neoplasms starts by an ophthalmologist examination. (alike.health)
Defects4
- [ 2 ] ), and the plastic or ophthalmic surgeon must be able to technically execute these techniques to close eyelid defects. (medscape.com)
- Procedures for repairing eyelid defects most likely have been around since the earliest surgeries. (medscape.com)
- Eyelid defects are classified according to size and location. (medscape.com)
- Defects may involve the combination of eyelid and canthi. (medscape.com)
Intracranial1
- Neurofibromatosis 1 is an autosomally dominated inherited genetic condition that predisposes those involved to the development of intracranial neoplasms. (medlink.com)
Uncertain behavior2
- D48.7 is a valid billable ICD-10 diagnosis code for Neoplasm of uncertain behavior of other specified sites . (icd10coded.com)
- Categories D37 - D44 , and D48 classify by site neoplasms of uncertain behavior, i.e., histologic confirmation whether the neoplasm is malignant or benign cannot be made. (icd10coded.com)
Skin2
- An eyelid is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eye. (absoluteastronomy.com)
- If the eyelid margin is spared, closure by local flap or skin graft may suffice. (medscape.com)
Histologic1
- Ophthalmic neoplasms vary in histologic type, frequency, and importance in different. (merckvetmanual.com)
Myeloproliferative2
- See also Overview of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. (msdmanuals.com)
- Essential Thrombocythemia Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm in which excess platelets are produced, leading to abnormal blood clotting or bleeding. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancer5
- Early detection of eyelid cancer is key. (touchophthalmology.com)
- Cancer uterine icd 10 ICDCM BootCamp: Neoplasms retete pt detoxifiere Un vierme mic costache ioanid smoothie verde detoxifiant retete, rectal cancer x ray toxine botulique rat. (wishstudio.ro)
- Medical Coding of Neoplasms: Part 1 rectal cancer uk statistics Definition for toxine rectal cancer journal articles, squamous vestibular papillomatosis cancerul pancreasului endocrin. (wishstudio.ro)
- The data presented in this edition of Cancer Incidence in Five The CI5 data include all invasive malignant neoplasms and Continents (CI5) are mainly organised according to anatomical some non-invasive malignant neoplasms For most morphology site However, for some sites, the histological type of cancer codes, a fifth digit /1 or /2 automatically excludes the data entry. (who.int)
- Other specified malignant neoplasm (Other specified cancer tumour Other codes are obsolete, ie the entities have been in the previous edition). (who.int)
Surgical1
- Once the margin is involved, surgical repair must restore the integrity of the eyelid margin. (medscape.com)
Melanocytic1
- Congenital nevocellular (also called melanocytic) nevi can occur on the eyelids (Fig 17-12) and may cause visual deprivation amblyopia. (aao.org)
Inversion1
- The turning inward (inversion) of the edge of the eyelid, with the tarsal cartilage turned inward toward the eyeball. (bvsalud.org)
Congenital1
- Figure 17-12 Congenital nevocellular nevus of the eyelid. (aao.org)
Epidermis1
- In the macroimage of the cross section of an eyelid one can identify the epidermis (arrow 1), normal cilia (arrow 2) and superficial dermal hemorrhage (arrow 3). (missionforvisionusa.org)