A contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an eruption of nodules on the skin.
A species of gram-negative bacteria parasitic on HORSES and DONKEYS causing GLANDERS, which can be transmitted to humans.
A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that causes MELIOIDOSIS. It has been isolated from soil and water in tropical regions, particularly Southeast Asia.
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. Organisms in this genus had originally been classified as members of the PSEUDOMONAS genus but overwhelming biochemical and chemical findings indicated the need to separate them from other Pseudomonas species, and hence, this new genus was created.
A disease of humans and animals that resembles GLANDERS. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI and may range from a dormant infection to a condition that causes multiple abscesses, pneumonia, and bacteremia.
Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.
Infections with bacteria of the genus BURKHOLDERIA.
Carbohydrates covalently linked to a nonsugar moiety (lipids or proteins). The major glycoconjugates are glycoproteins, glycopeptides, peptidoglycans, glycolipids, and lipopolysaccharides. (From Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, 2d ed; From Principles of Biochemistry, 2d ed)
The medical science concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in animals.

The hamster model of intraperitoneal Burkholderia mallei (glanders). (1/54)

Thirty-one female Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were inoculated intraperitoneally with a lethal dose of Burkholderia mallei (Budapest strain). Hamsters were killed postinoculation on days 0 through 6. Lesions were first noted in the spleens on postinoculation day 1, and in mediastinal and mesenteric lymph nodes, mediastinum, liver, and bone marrow on day 2. Lesions were present in the lung and submandibular lymph nodes on day 3, and in the brain on day 5. The characteristic histopathologic change was necrotizing pyogranulomatous inflammation, often with hemorrhage. Lesions indicative of impaired vascular perfusion, such as ischemia and infarction, were evident at the later time points. Pathologic changes generally increased in severity and distribution with time, and almost all tissues were ultimately affected. Our findings suggest that intraperitoneal bacteria were rapidly transported to mediastinal lymph nodes by transdiaphragmatic lymphatics and ultimately seeded other tissues hematogenously. The results of the study indicate that the Syrian hamster is a useful small animal model for glanders.  (+info)

Procedurally similar competitive immunoassay systems for the serodiagnosis of Babesia equi, Babesia caballi, Trypanosoma equiperdum, and Burkholderia mallei infection in horses. (2/54)

Procedurally similar competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (cELISA) methods were developed for the serodiagnosis of Babesia equi and Babesia caballi (piroplasmosis), Trypanosoma equiperdum (dourine), and Burkholderia mallei (glanders) infections in horses. Apparent test specificities for the B. equi, B. caballi, T. equiperdum, and B. mallei cELISAs were 99.2%, 99.5%, 98.9%, and 98.9%, respectively. Concordances and kappa values between the complement fixation (CF) and the cELISA procedures for the serodiagnosis of B. equi, B. caballi, T. equiperdum, and B. mallei infections in experimentally exposed horses were 76% and 0.55, 89% and 0.78, 97% and 0.95, and 70% and 0.44, respectively. The cELISA method may be a technically more reproducible, objective, and convenient approach for piroplasmosis, dourine, and glanders serodiagnosis in qualifying animals for international movement and disease eradication programs than the CF systems currently in use. Use of the cELISA method also obviated the problems associated with testing hemolyzed or anticomplementary sera.  (+info)

Comparison of efficacy of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline against experimental melioidosis and glanders. (3/54)

Melioidosis and glanders are caused by the closely related species Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, respectively. Whereas melioidosis is a significant cause of morbidity in south-east Asia, glanders is extremely rare. The efficacies of ciprofloxacin and doxycycline were assessed against a strain of B. pseudomallei and a strain of B. mallei which were susceptible to both antimicrobials in vitro. Porton outbred mice and Syrian hamsters were given 40 mg/kg of either doxycycline or ciprofloxacin twice daily by sc injection according to one of three regimens: dosing starting 48 h before challenge and continuing for 5 days postchallenge; 5 days' therapy starting immediately after challenge; 5 days' therapy starting 24 h after challenge. Mice were challenged ip with B. pseudomallei 4845 and hamsters were challenged ip with B. mallei 23344. Antimicrobial efficacy was determined by the shift in the median lethal dose (MLD). Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis and immediate therapy both raised the MLD of B. pseudomallei to 4 x 10(6) cfu from 19 cfu in untreated animals, but therapeutic ciprofloxacin only raised the MLD to 180 cfu. The results for doxycycline were similar. Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis raised the MLD of B. mallei 23344 to 4.6 x 10(5) cfu compared with 4 cfu in untreated controls. Immediate therapy raised the MLD to 7.0 x 10(4) cfu and therapy raised the MLD to 1.6 x 10(3) cfu. All regimens of doxycycline protected hamsters against challenges of up to 2 x 10(7) cfu. Despite using a susceptible strain of B. pseudomallei, neither antimicrobial was effective when used therapeutically. The timely administration of either antimicrobial, however, was effective in preventing symptomatic infection. Doxycycline was the superior of the two antimicrobials against experimental glanders although relapse did occur in treated animals approximately 4-5 weeks after challenge.  (+info)

Laboratory-acquired human glanders--Maryland, May 2000. (4/54)

On May 5, 2000, the Baltimore City Health Department was notified by hospital infection-control staff of a serious systemic febrile illness in a microbiologist whose research at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) involved several pathogenic bacteria, including Burkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders. This report summarizes the first human case of glanders in the United States since 1945, and emphasizes the importance of considering occupational exposures among laboratory workers with a febrile illness, the difficulty of characterizing unusual agents, including potential agents of biological terrorism such as glanders using routine laboratory techniques, the appropriate isolation practices for patients who may be infected by these agents, and laboratory safety.  (+info)

Mouse model of sublethal and lethal intraperitoneal glanders (Burkholderia mallei). (5/54)

Sixty male BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with either a sublethal or a lethal dose of Burkholderia mallei China 7 strain, then killed at multiple time points postinoculation. Histopathologic changes were qualitatively similar in both groups and consisted of pyogranulomatous inflammation. In sublethal study mice, changes were first seen at 6 hours in mediastinal lymph nodes, then in spleen, liver, peripheral lymph nodes, and bone marrow at day 3. These changes generally reached maximal incidence and severity by day 4 but decreased by comparison in all tissues except the liver. Changes were first seen in lethal study mice also at 6 hours in mediastinal lymph nodes and in spleens. At day 1, changes were present in liver, peripheral lymph nodes, and bone marrow. The incidence and severity of these changes were maximal at day 2. In contrast to sublethal study mice, the incidence and severity of the changes did not decrease through the remainder of the study. The most significant difference between the two groups was the rapid involvement of the spleen in the lethal study mice. Changes indicative of impaired vascular perfusion were more frequently seen in the sublethal study mice. Our findings indicate that mice are susceptible to B. mallei infection and may serve as an appropriate model for glanders infection in a resistant host such as human beings. Additionally, by immunoelectron microscopy, we showed the presence of type I O-antigenic polysaccharide (capsular) antigen surrounding B. mallei.  (+info)

In vitro antibiotic susceptibilities of Burkholderia mallei (causative agent of glanders) determined by broth microdilution and E-test. (6/54)

In vitro susceptibilities to 28 antibiotics were determined for 11 strains of Burkholderia mallei by the broth microdilution method. The B. mallei strains demonstrated susceptibility to aminoglycosides, macrolides, quinolones, doxycycline, piperacillin, ceftazidime, and imipenem. For comparison and evaluation, 17 antibiotic susceptibilities were also determined by the E-test. E-test values were always lower than the broth dilution values. Establishing and comparing antibiotic susceptibilities of specific B. mallei strains will provide reference information for assessing new antibiotic agents.  (+info)

Nonviable Burkholderia mallei induces a mixed Th1- and Th2-like cytokine response in BALB/c mice. (7/54)

Nonviable cell preparations of Burkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders, were evaluated as potential vaccine candidates in a BALB/c murine model. Three different B. mallei cell preparations plus Alhydrogel were evaluated: a heat-killed preparation, an irradiation-inactivated preparation, and a preparation of a capsule-negative mutant strain which had been irradiation inactivated. BALB/c mice were vaccinated twice with the different B. mallei preparations, and spleens and sera were collected to determine their cellular and humoral immune responses. All three bacterial cell preparations had essentially the same results in two cellular immune response assays. In a splenocyte proliferation assay, the amount of cell proliferation in response to the homologous immunogen, concanavalin A, or lipopolysaccharide was similar for all the cell preparations. Also, splenocytes from the inoculated mice expressed interleukin 2 (IL-2), gamma interferon, and small amounts of IL-4 and IL-5, and more IL-10 cytokine in the presence of the homologous antigen. When the immunoglobulin subclasses from these mice were examined, they all produced higher levels of IgG1 than IgG2a subclasses. The higher ratio of IgG1 to IgG2a was not due to the amount of the immunogen or the adjuvant (Alhydrogel) used in the BALB/c mice. The cell preparations did not protect the vaccinated mice from a live challenge (>300 50% lethal doses). Our results suggest that in BALB/c mice, a mixed T-helper-cell-like response to nonviable B. mallei is obtained, as demonstrated by a Th1- and Th2-like cytokine response and a Th2-like subclass immunoglobulin response. This may be the reason for the inability of the B. mallei cells that were examined as candidate vaccines to protect the mice from a live challenge.  (+info)

Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. (8/54)

A collection of 147 isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei, B. mallei, and B. thailandensis was characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The 128 isolates of B. pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, were obtained from diverse geographic locations, from humans and animals with disease, and from the environment and were resolved into 71 sequence types. The utility of the MLST scheme for epidemiological investigations was established by analyzing isolates from captive marine mammals and birds and from humans in Hong Kong with melioidosis. MLST gave a level of resolution similar to that given by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and identified the same three clones causing disease in animals, each of which was also associated with disease in humans. The average divergence between the alleles of B. thailandensis and B. pseudomallei was 3.2%, and there was no sharing of alleles between these species. Trees constructed from differences in the allelic profiles of the isolates and from the concatenated sequences of the seven loci showed that the B. pseudomallei isolates formed a cluster of closely related lineages that were fully resolved from the cluster of B. thailandensis isolates, confirming their separate species status. However, isolates of B. mallei, the causative agent of glanders, recovered from three continents over a 30-year period had identical allelic profiles, and the B. mallei isolates clustered within the B. pseudomallei group of isolates. Alleles at six of the seven loci in B. mallei were also present within B. pseudomallei isolates, and B. mallei is a clone of B. pseudomallei that, on population genetics grounds, should not be given separate species status.  (+info)

Glanders is a rare and serious disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei. It primarily affects horses, donkeys, and mules, but can also infect humans who come into contact with infected animals or contaminated materials. The disease is characterized by the formation of multiple abscesses in various organs, particularly the lungs, liver, spleen, and skin. In humans, glanders can cause fever, cough, chest pain, muscle aches, and pustules on the skin. It is a highly infectious disease and can be fatal if not treated promptly with appropriate antibiotics. Historically, it has been a concern in military settings due to its potential use as a biological weapon.

Burkholderia mallei is a gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium that causes the disease glanders in horses, donkeys, and other solipeds. It can also cause severe and often fatal illness in humans who come into contact with infected animals or contaminated materials. Glanders is rare in developed countries but still occurs in parts of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America.

Human infection with Burkholderia mallei typically occurs through inhalation of infectious aerosols, direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes, or ingestion of contaminated food or water. The bacterium can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, cough, chest pain, and pneumonia. In severe cases, it can spread to other organs, such as the skin, bones, brain, and spleen, leading to sepsis and death if left untreated.

Burkholderia mallei is highly infectious and resistant to environmental degradation, making it a potential agent of bioterrorism. It is classified as a Tier 1 select agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, meaning that it poses a high risk to national security and public health.

Prevention and control measures include avoiding contact with infected animals or contaminated materials, using personal protective equipment when handling suspect specimens, and implementing strict biosecurity measures in laboratories and animal facilities. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as ceftazidime, meropenem, or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, for at least 3 weeks to ensure complete eradication of the bacterium.

'Burkholderia pseudomallei' is a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium that is the causative agent of melioidosis. It is found in soil and water in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. The bacterium can infect humans and animals through inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact with contaminated soil or water. Melioidosis can cause a wide range of symptoms, including pneumonia, sepsis, and abscesses in various organs. It is a serious and potentially fatal disease, especially in people with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, or compromised immune systems. Proper diagnosis and treatment with appropriate antibiotics are essential for managing melioidosis.

Burkholderia is a genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that are widely distributed in the environment, including soil, water, and associated with plants. Some species of Burkholderia are opportunistic pathogens, meaning they can cause infection in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions.

One of the most well-known species of Burkholderia is B. cepacia, which can cause respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. Other notable species include B. pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, a potentially serious infection that primarily affects the respiratory system; and B. mallei, which causes glanders, a rare but severe disease that can affect humans and animals.

Burkholderia species are known for their resistance to many antibiotics, making them difficult to treat in some cases. Proper identification of the specific Burkholderia species involved in an infection is important for determining the most appropriate treatment approach.

Melioidosis is a bacterial infection caused by the soil-dwelling gram-negative bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei. The disease primarily occurs in tropical areas such as Southeast Asia and northern Australia. It can present with a wide range of clinical manifestations including acute septicemia, pneumonia, and chronic suppurative infection. Risk factors for melioidosis include diabetes mellitus, renal disease, alcoholism, and lung disease. The diagnosis is confirmed by culturing B. pseudomallei from clinical specimens such as blood, sputum, or pus. Treatment typically involves a prolonged course of antibiotics, including intravenous ceftazidime followed by oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "horses" is not a medical term. It is the common name given to the species *Equus ferus caballus*, which are large domesticated mammals used for transportation, work, and recreation. If you have any questions about horses or a related topic that you would like a medical perspective on, please let me know and I'd be happy to help!

Burkholderia infections are caused by bacteria belonging to the Burkholderia genus, which includes several species that can cause various types of infection in humans. The most well-known and medically significant species include Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), Burkholderia pseudomallei, and Burkholderia mallei.

1. Burkholderia cepacia Complex (Bcc): These are a group of closely related bacteria that can be found in various environments such as soil, water, and plants. They can cause respiratory infections, particularly in people with weakened immune systems or chronic lung diseases like cystic fibrosis. Bcc infections can be difficult to treat due to their resistance to many antibiotics.

2. Burkholderia pseudomallei: This species is the causative agent of melioidosis, a potentially severe and life-threatening infection endemic in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. The bacteria can be found in contaminated water and soil, and people can get infected through direct contact with contaminated sources, ingestion, or inhalation of the bacteria. Melioidosis symptoms may vary widely, from mild flu-like illness to severe pneumonia, abscesses, and sepsis.

3. Burkholderia mallei: This species is responsible for glanders, a rare but serious disease primarily affecting horses, donkeys, and mules. Human infections are usually associated with occupational exposure to infected animals or their secretions. Glanders can cause severe symptoms such as fever, pneumonia, sepsis, and skin ulcers.

Treatment of Burkholderia infections typically involves the use of specific antibiotics, often in combination therapy, depending on the species and severity of infection. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to drain abscesses or remove infected tissues. Preventive measures include avoiding contact with contaminated sources, practicing good hygiene, and using appropriate personal protective equipment when handling animals or working in high-risk environments.

Glycoconjugates are a type of complex molecule that form when a carbohydrate (sugar) becomes chemically linked to a protein or lipid (fat) molecule. This linkage, known as a glycosidic bond, results in the formation of a new molecule that combines the properties and functions of both the carbohydrate and the protein or lipid component.

Glycoconjugates can be classified into several categories based on the type of linkage and the nature of the components involved. For example, glycoproteins are glycoconjugates that consist of a protein backbone with one or more carbohydrate chains attached to it. Similarly, glycolipids are molecules that contain a lipid anchor linked to one or more carbohydrate residues.

Glycoconjugates play important roles in various biological processes, including cell recognition, signaling, and communication. They are also involved in the immune response, inflammation, and the development of certain diseases such as cancer and infectious disorders. As a result, understanding the structure and function of glycoconjugates is an active area of research in biochemistry, cell biology, and medical science.

Veterinary medicine is the branch of medical science that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and injuries in non-human animals. The profession of veterinary medicine is dedicated to the care, health, and welfare of animals, as well as to the promotion of human health through animal research and public health advancements. Veterinarians employ a variety of diagnostic methods including clinical examination, radiography, laboratory testing, and ultrasound imaging. They use a range of treatments, including medication, surgery, and dietary management. In addition, veterinarians may also advise on preventative healthcare measures such as vaccination schedules and parasite control programs.

From the Middle Ages to the 1900s, glanders was a significant threat to armies. Before the Battle of Blenheim in 1704, glanders ... doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1266-4_4. ISBN 978-1-4419-1265-7. CDC list of articles on glanders Current status of Glanders worldwide ... Glanders was a significant problem for civilian use of horses, as well. In the 18th-century veterinary hospital at the École ... Signs of glanders include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper ...
Amatangelo, Amy (March 17, 2016). "The Americans: "Glanders"". Paste. Retrieved August 31, 2023. "Glanders" at IMDb (Articles ... Glanders' was here to overwhelm our family patriarch even more." Matt Brennan of Slant Magazine wrote, "'Glanders' highlights ... "Glanders" is the first episode of the fourth season of the American period spy drama television series The Americans. It is the ... But 'Glanders' also introduces a host of other questions we can hope to have answered this season." Ben Travers of IndieWire ...
In March 2000, one of the first cases since the 1940s of glanders in the United States occurred in a young microbiologist ... Srinivasan A, Kraus CN, DeShazer D, Becker PM, Dick JD, Spacek L, Bartlett JG, Byrne WR, Thomas DL (2001). "Glanders in a ... Dance, D.A.B. (2010). "4. Melioidosis and glanders as possible biological weapons". In Fong, I.W.; Alibek, Kenneth (eds.). ... ISBN 978-1-4419-1266-4. Whitlock GC, Estes DM, Torres AG (2007). "Glanders: off to the races with Burkholderia mallei". FEMS ...
ISBN 978-0-87553-189-2. "Department of Agriculture , Glanders". www.nj.gov. Retrieved 2023-09-06. USAMRIID (2011). USAMRIID's ...
"Glanders in horses is a re-emerging zoonotic disease. Successful eradication and control of glanders can only be achieved by ... "Glanders" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2013. "Glanders Q and A". April 25, 2012. Mandy C. Eschner, Heinrich Neubauer ... Glanders is one of the oldest diseases known and was once worldwide, but has been eradicated from most countries by mid-1900s. ... "Overview of Glanders".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Spickler, Anna Rovid; Roth, James A.; Brown ...
Hunting, William (1908). Glanders, a Clinical Treatise. H. & W. Brown - via Google Books. Wikimedia Commons has media related ... He was also an authority on the horse disease glanders, and on the shoeing of horses. Hunting was born in County Durham, ... "Glanders in New York City: Discussion". Proceedings of the American Veterinary Medical Association Forty-fifth Annual ... "Reviews , Glanders: A Clinical Treatise". The Veterinary Journal. 64: 580. 1908 - via Google Books. Steele, James H. (1984). ...
In humans and animals, another similar organism named Burkholderia mallei is the causative agent of the disease glanders. B. ... doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(16)90035-X. Nguyen HVN; Smith ME; Hayoun MA (27 October 2018). "Glanders and Melioidosis". StatPearls. ... Currie BJ (2015). "Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei: Melioidosis and Glanders". In Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser ... a condition similar to glanders. B pseudomallei is similar in clinical presentation and genome make-up with B. mallei but is ...
But once again he was saved at the last minute - saved by, of all things, the glanders virus, which appears to have escaped its ... Realizing he may have contracted glanders, they hurriedly meet with William (Dylan Baker). Realizing they contracted it, ... Koski, Genevieve (March 30, 2016). "The Americans Recap: Stupid Glanders". Vulture. Retrieved September 2, 2023. Travers, Ben ( ... the Glanders vial in the tobacco tin sure seemed like an apt metaphor for all that was happening in Philip and Elizabeth's life ...
ˇBefore 1934, glanders was widespread. In the early 1900s, glanders was common in Europe, the United States of America, and ... Glanders is still present in Asia, the Middle East and South America. Although Mallein is the most commonly used form of ... The occurrence of glanders must be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health. Mallein, a protein fraction of B. ... The mallein test is a sensitive and specific clinical test for glanders, a common bacterial disease of equids (horses, donkeys ...
See also glanders and equine lymphangitis. In the United Kingdom it is a notifiable disease; the OIE no longer classifies it as ... Both Glanders and epizootic lymphangitis may be present in the same animal. Serology can be used to assist diagnosis. Control ... This disease is distinguished from glanders/farcy by the presence of the Histoplasma organisms in the pus, and failure of the ...
"Pyæmic Glanders in the Human Subject. Report of a Recent Case of Laboratory Origin Terminating in Recovery". Annals of Surgery ...
"Glanders in a Military Research Microbiologist". New England Journal of Medicine. 345 (4): 256-258. doi:10.1056/ ...
Glanders was also reported at nearby Great Notch station along with the nearby Cedar Grove Reservoir. As a result of the ... In a strange outbreak, several hundred horses in the area were exposed to the glanders, an infectious disease, at Montclair ... "Serious Outbreak of the Glanders" (PDF). The Paterson Morning Call. July 17, 1905. p. 3. Retrieved January 30, 2019 - via ... outbreak of glanders, local veterinarians had to euthanize seven horses immediately while quarantining hundreds more. A fight ...
This is now commonly known as glanders. Briggs (2002), p. 68 Monaghan (2009), pp. ix, xi, xv "The Nuckelavee - Devil o' the Sea ...
Moreover, all the horses were dying from glanders. The regiment played a key role in the Battle of Balaclava in October 1854. ...
Povitzky, Olga R. (1918-11-01). "Prompt Macroscopic Agglutination in the Diagnosis of Glanders". The Journal of Immunology. 3 ( ... "Prompt Macroscopic Agglutination in the Diagnosis of Glanders" (1918) "Growth of B. Influenzae without the Presence of ...
The supply held up, despite an unprecedented epidemic of glanders, a fatal disease that baffled veterinarians. In the South, ... 357-377, Sharrer, G. Terry (1995). "The Great Glanders Epizootic, 1861-1866: A Civil War Legacy". Agricultural History. 69 (1 ...
The supply was undermined by an unprecedented epidemic of glanders, a fatal disease that baffled veterinarians. After 1863 the ... 357-377 Sharrer, G. Terry (1995). "The Great Glanders Epizootic, 1861-1866: A Civil War Legacy". Agricultural History. 69 (1): ...
The supply held up, despite an unprecedented epidemic of glanders, a fatal disease that baffled veterinarians. In the South, ... "The Great Glanders Epizootic, 1861-1866: A Civil War Legacy". Agricultural History. 69 (1): 79-97. JSTOR 3744026. PMID 11639801 ...
Additionally this unit studied malnutrition, tetanus, anthrax, dysentery, glanders and more. Most of these experiments were ...
Glanders primarily affects those who work closely with horses and donkeys. Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous ...
He also suggested it for epilepsy, neuralgia, diabetes, and chronic glanders. The idea of using it for tuberculosis failed to ...
There he organised a laboratory by the dispensary and started to study clinical symptoms of glanders in horses and laboratory ... He was successful to obtain microbial extract of glanders called mallein. Unfortunately several of Helmanis' collaborators and ...
Glanders primarily affects those who work closely with horses and donkeys. Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous ...
ReGenesis episode "Let it burn" (2007). Outbreaks of anthrax and glanders are traced to World War II Japan. Warehouse 13 ...
Sainbel died of unidentified fever in 1793 (later thought to be glanders); Clark disregarded the instructions to stay clear of ...
Epizootic lymphangitis is similar to glanders, but caused by the fungus Histoplasma farciminosum. Corynebacterium ...
It is occasionally called "Condy's crystals". Potassium permanganate may be used to prevent the spread of glanders among horses ...
It includes some pathogenic species, such as Burkholderia mallei (glanders) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis). This ...
Horses from Mexico must have a health certificate; pass negative tests for EIA, dourine, glanders, and EP at a USDA import ... APHIS imposes precautions to keep out several equine diseases, including glanders, dourine, equine infectious anemia, equine ...
From the Middle Ages to the 1900s, glanders was a significant threat to armies. Before the Battle of Blenheim in 1704, glanders ... doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1266-4_4. ISBN 978-1-4419-1265-7. CDC list of articles on glanders Current status of Glanders worldwide ... Glanders was a significant problem for civilian use of horses, as well. In the 18th-century veterinary hospital at the École ... Signs of glanders include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper ...
Glanders is an infectious disease that is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei. While people can get the disease, ... glanders is primarily a disease affecting horses. It also affects donkeys and mules and can be naturally contracted by other ...
... This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this ... Glanders and Melioidosis due to Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei, respectively; Plague due to Yersinia pestis; Smallpox ...
Glanders and melioidosis are related diseases produced by bacteria of the Burkholderia species, which are gram-negative rods. ... Glanders is primarily zoonotic. It is rare in humans, and no epidemics have been reported. Human cases of glanders have ... Glanders was eliminated from US domesticated animals in the 1940s. One human case of glanders in a laboratory worker occurred ... encoded search term (CBRNE - Glanders and Melioidosis) and CBRNE - Glanders and Melioidosis What to Read Next on Medscape ...
glanders. glanders. Officials are urging veterinarians to continue to test horses entering the United States for Glanders, a ... AAEP Publishes Guidelines For Glanders, Urges Vigilance. Equine health officials are urging veterinarians to do their part to ... keep Glanders, a disease eradicated in the United States but still present in other parts of the globe, from coming back into ...
The One Health Initiative is a movement to forge co-equal, all inclusive collaborations between physicians, osteopathic physicians, veterinarians, dentists, nurses, and other scientific-health and environmentally related disciplines.
DocsOnline is a VIDEO-ON-DEMAND website for EXCLUSIVE DOCUMENTARY FILMS. We are dedicated to guide you through our extensive documentary catalogue, scene by scene, and help you learn and teach about the world we live in. ...
glanders answers are found in the Tabers Medical Dictionary powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, ... "Glanders." Tabers Medical Dictionary, 24th ed., F.A. Davis Company, 2021. Nursing Central, nursing.unboundmedicine.com/ ... nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/755468/all/glanders. Glanders. In: Venes DD, ed. Tabers Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis ... Glanders [Internet]. In: Venes DD, editors. Tabers Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company; 2021. [cited 2023 September 22]. ...
Developing sensitive systems for human and veterinarian diagnostics
Get natural cures for Glanders that can make a difference in your life or the life of someone you love with alternative ... Glanders by state. Glanders in Alabama. Glanders in Alaska. Glanders in Arizona. Glanders in Arkansas. Glanders in Armed Forces ... Glanders in Indiana. Glanders in Iowa. Glanders in Kansas. Glanders in Kentucky. Glanders in Louisiana. Glanders in Maine. ... Glanders in North Carolina. Glanders in North Dakota. Glanders in Ohio. Glanders in Oklahoma. Glanders in Oregon. Glanders in ...
Glanders is a highly contagious malady of horses, donkeys, and mules that is characterized by the presence of ulcers and ...
A few months ago an imported tiger in the Tehran zoo died from glanders and recently cases of glanders in horses and camels ... Glanders is transmissible to people and is often fatal.الرعام When I was a final year veterinary student in Baghdads Sheikh ... Glanders is one of the oldest diseases known and used to be prevalent worldwide. The disease has been eradicated from many ... On November 13th 2007, Iran informed the OIE that a case of glanders had been confirmed on 27th September 2007, when the ...
Glanders in dogs is a contagious condition; it is classified as zoonotic. Typically seen in horses, mules, and donkeys, this ... Symptoms of Glanders (Farcy) in Dogs. There are various symptoms associated with Glanders which depend on the path of the ... What is Glanders (Farcy)?. Burkholderia mallei is an infectious bacteria associated with Glanders. Humans can be infected with ... Diagnosis of Glanders (Farcy) in Dogs. Discuss with the veterinarian your suspicions of exposure to Glanders. A detailed ...
The Value of the Intra-Palpebral Mallein Test in the Diagnosis of Glanders Edward H. Mason; Edward H. Mason ... Edward H. Mason, R. V. B. Emmons; The Value of the Intra-Palpebral Mallein Test in the Diagnosis of Glanders. J Immunol 1 ... done in the laboratories of the New York City Department of Health on 123 horses which were proven at autopsy to have glanders ...
Development of capsular polysaccharide-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. Frontiers in ... Development of capsular polysaccharide-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. In: Frontiers ... Development of capsular polysaccharide-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. / Burtnick, ... N2 - Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, cause ...
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Spies, lies, and glanders: "The Americans" season four premiere. March 18, 2016 By Carole Avalon Season four of FXs The ...
Glanders (Burkholderia mallei). L. *Lassa fever. M. *Marburg virus hemorrhagic fever. *Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei) ...
"Glanders" is a very tense opening hour. But its also very impressive to see how much story is happening in this first episode ... REVIEW: The Americans - Philip Struggles with His Feelings as He Starts a New, Intense Mission in Glanders ... "Glanders" was written by Joel Fields & Joe Weisberg and directed by Thomas Schlamme. ...
Glanders in horses in some selected areas of Bangladesh and comparison between CFT and Immunoblot used for the screening of ... Glanders in horses is worldwide distributed and reported from many countries. But no prevalence study was done in Bangladesh so ... Glanders is a fatal infectious and notifiable zoonotic disease of equines caused by the Gram-negative non-motile bacterium ... Mota, R.A., Brito, M.F., Castro, F.J., Massa, M.(2000). Glanders in horses and mules of the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas, ...
Multilocus Sequence Typing and Evolutionary Relationships among the Causative Agents of Melioidosis and Glanders, Burkholderia ... Multilocus Sequence Typing and Evolutionary Relationships among the Causative Agents of Melioidosis and Glanders, Burkholderia ...
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Comprehensive information, photos, factsheets, and presentations for more than 160 transboundary and emerging animal diseases and zoonotic animal diseases.
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Save me, by all means in your power from that fatal disease - the glanders. I cannot tell you in words when I am sick, so watch ...
  • Glanders is caused by infection with the Burkholderia mallei, usually by ingestion of contaminated feed or water. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glanders is an infectious disease that is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei . (cdc.gov)
  • Glanders and melioidosis are related diseases produced by bacteria of the Burkholderia species, which are gram-negative rods. (medscape.com)
  • Burkholderia mallei (a nonmotile, nonsporulating, obligate aerobic, gram-negative bacillus) is the causative agent of glanders, which is primarily a disease of animals such as horses, mules, and donkeys. (medscape.com)
  • Glanders is caused by Burkholderia mallei (formerly Pseudomonas mallei ). (medscape.com)
  • Burkholderia mallei is an infectious bacteria associated with Glanders. (wagwalking.com)
  • The exposure to the bacterium Burkholderia mallei is extremely rare due to the successful elimination of Glanders Farcy in most countries worldwide. (wagwalking.com)
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, cause severe disease in humans and animals and are considered potential agents of biological warfare and terrorism. (nau.edu)
  • Glanders is a fatal infectious and notifiable zoonotic disease of equines caused by the Gram-negative non-motile bacterium Burkholderia (B.) mallei, which is responsible for chronic suppurative lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, pneumonia and septicemia in equines. (arccjournals.com)
  • Research in the Brett laboratory is focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms used by Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis) and Burkholderia mallei (glanders) to evade clearance by host defenses. (unr.edu)
  • The genus Burkholderia includes pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that cause melioidosis, glanders, and pulmonary infections of patients with cancer and cystic fibrosis. (rcsb.org)
  • In the 18th-century veterinary hospital at the École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, glanders was the most common disease among their equine patients and the one most likely to cause death. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glanders is an equine disease that was recognized by sis system designed for B. pseudomallei and B. mallei ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Equine health officials are urging veterinarians to do their part to keep Glanders, a disease eradicated in the United States but still present in other parts of the globe, from coming back into the United States. (quarterhorsenews.com)
  • Serodiagnosis of equine piroplasmosis, dourine, and glanders using an arrayed immunoblotting method. (arccjournals.com)
  • Development of capsular polysaccharide-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. (nau.edu)
  • Collectively, these approaches provide a tangible starting point for the development of novel CPS-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. (nau.edu)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Development of capsular polysaccharide-based glycoconjugates for immunization against melioidosis and glanders. (nau.edu)
  • Our laboratory is currently funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) to develop and test i) melioidosis and glanders subunit vaccine candidates and ii) serological assays to rapidly diagnose active cases of melioidosis. (unr.edu)
  • Glanders is a contagious zoonotic infectious disease that occurs primarily in horses, mules, and donkeys. (wikipedia.org)
  • Before the Battle of Blenheim in 1704, glanders may have afflicted and greatly diminished the horses of Marshal Tallard's cavalry, helping the Duke of Marlborough win the battle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glanders was a significant problem for civilian use of horses, as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • During World War I, glanders was believed to have been spread deliberately by German agents to infect large numbers of Russian horses and mules on the Eastern Front. (wikipedia.org)
  • While people can get the disease, glanders is primarily a disease affecting horses. (cdc.gov)
  • In China during World War II, 30% of tested horses were infected with glanders, but human cases were rare. (medscape.com)
  • Officials are urging veterinarians to continue to test horses entering the United States for Glanders, a disease eradicated here but still active in other parts of the world. (quarterhorsenews.com)
  • A few months ago an imported tiger in the Tehran zoo died from glanders and recently cases of glanders in horses and camels have been reported to OIE by the well organized veterinary services in Bahrain. (kurdistanagriculture.org)
  • In Povitzky's recent article (this Journal, 1918, 3, 463) she records work done in the laboratories of the New York City Department of Health on 123 horses which were proven at autopsy to have glanders. (aai.org)
  • Glanders in horses is worldwide distributed and reported from many countries. (arccjournals.com)
  • Therefore, this preliminary study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of glanders in horses using CFT and immunoblot assay. (arccjournals.com)
  • A total of 301 serum samples from horses were collected foe the detection of glanders antibodies from Mymensingh, Tangail and Jamalpur districts in Bangladesh. (arccjournals.com)
  • Glanders in horses: clinical, biochemical and serological studies in Iraq. (arccjournals.com)
  • a form of glanders chiefly affecting the skin and superficial lymphatic vessels of horses and mules. (dictionary.com)
  • What is Glanders (Farcy)? (wagwalking.com)
  • It is that in cattle which glanders and farcy are in the horse,-the breaking up of the constitution. (dictionary.com)
  • Mallein (ATCvet code: QI05AR01 (WHO)), a protein fraction of the glanders organism (B. mallei), is injected intradermopalpebrally or given by eye drop. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main goal of our research is to identify correlates of antigen-induced immunity against B. pseudomallei and B. mallei and use this information to develop safe, affordable and effective melioidosis/glanders vaccines. (unr.edu)
  • The strain, B. mallei BAC 86/19, was obtained from the tracheal secretion of a young mare displaying positive serology but no clinical signs of glanders. (bvsalud.org)
  • CFT is considered to be a suitable screening test for the diagnosis of glanders in field conditions in Bangladesh. (arccjournals.com)
  • Glanders in animals: a review on epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and countermeasures. (arccjournals.com)
  • The mallein test is a sensitive and specific clinical test for glanders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Learn the four types of glanders infection. (cdc.gov)
  • There are various symptoms associated with Glanders which depend on the path of the infection as it relates to the bacteria or organism. (wagwalking.com)
  • [ 1 ] Glanders has been only a rare and sporadic disease in humans, and no epidemics have been reported. (medscape.com)
  • In nature, humans typically acquire glanders from equids via direct contact with broken skin or mucous membranes. (medscape.com)
  • Although rarely transmitted to humans, the disease it causes, glanders, is classified as a zoonosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Your veterinarian will likely administer antibiotic treatment for Glanders. (wagwalking.com)
  • [ 3 ] It is clinically similar to glanders, although the epidemiology differs. (medscape.com)
  • The Kurdistan Veterinary Services in Erbil have reported a suspected case of glanders in Erbil un a horse but unfortunately Iraq does not have available the Mallein test in order to diagnose/confirm the disease. (kurdistanagriculture.org)
  • Save me, by all means in your power from that fatal disease - the glanders. (tripod.com)
  • Effect of incubation temperature on the diagnostic sensitivity of the glanders complement fixation test. (arccjournals.com)
  • The lymph nodes may become bigger at the onset of Glanders, after which they will ulcerate. (wagwalking.com)
  • Glanders is endemic in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Central and South America. (wikipedia.org)
  • Attempts have been made to develop vaccines for these infections, which would not only benefit military personnel, a group most likely to be targeted in an intentional release, but also individuals who may come in contact with glanders-infected animals or live in areas where melioidosis is endemic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glanders and melioidosis are both neglected and emerging diseases, endemic in regions with low and middle-income economies. (ufl.edu)
  • Signs of glanders include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the main lesions are discovered in the nostrils, the disease is known as Glanders. (wagwalking.com)
  • From the Middle Ages to the 1900s, glanders was a significant threat to armies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Identify, diagnose, and treat glanders. (cdc.gov)
  • With this form of Glanders, nodules are found in the lungs. (wagwalking.com)
  • On November 13th 2007, Iran informed the OIE that a case of glanders had been confirmed on 27th September 2007, when the affected horse was detected during screening tests carried out in a horse racing club in Sanandaj city, Kordestan-Iran. (kurdistanagriculture.org)
  • The outbreak of glanders in some racehorses in three states of Iran. (arccjournals.com)
  • Learn where glanders is found around the world. (cdc.gov)
  • U.S. interest in glanders (agent LA) continued through the 1950s, except it had an inexplicable tendency to lose virulence in the lab, making it difficult to weaponize. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glanders and melioidosis are of interest because of significant study for potential weaponization by the United States and other countries in the past. (medscape.com)