A condition characterized by a series of interrelated digital symptoms and joint changes of the lesser digits and METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINTS of the FOOT. The syndrome can include some or all of the following conditions: hammer toe, claw toe, mallet toe, overlapping fifth toe, curly toe, EXOSTOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; interdigital heloma, or contracted toe.
A condition that is caused by recurring atheroembolism in the lower extremities. It is characterized by cyanotic discoloration of the toes, usually the first, fourth, and fifth toes. Discoloration may extend to the lateral aspect of the foot. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may respond to conservative therapy without amputation.
Any one of five terminal digits of the vertebrate FOOT.

Relationship between foot type, foot deformity, and ulcer occurrence in the high-risk diabetic foot. (1/11)

We hypothesized an association between foot type, foot deformity, and foot ulceration and conducted an analysis of a well-characterized, high-risk diabetic population of 398 subjects. The average age was 62 years of age and 74% of the study population were males. Foot-type distributions were 19.5% pes cavus (high arch), 51.5% neutrally aligned (normal arch), and 29.0% pes planus (low arch). We quantified the presence of hallux valgus (23.9%), hammer/claw toes (46.7%), and hallux limitus (24.4%). A significant association was found between foot type and hallux valgus (p = 0.003); pes planus feet had the highest prevalence as compared with neutrally aligned feet (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43, p = 0.0006). Foot type was also significantly associated with fixed hammer/claw toes (p = 0.01); pes cavus feet had the highest prevalence as compared with neutrally aligned feet (OR = 3.89, p = 0.001). Foot type was also significantly associated with hallux limitus (p = 0.006) with pes planus feet having the highest prevalence as compared with neutrally aligned feet (OR = 2.19, p = 0.003). However, foot type was not significantly related to any ulcer outcome (p = 0.7). Fixed hammer/claw toes (OR = 3.91, p = 0.003) and hallux limitus (OR = 3.02, p = 0.006) were associated with increased risk of any ulcer occurrence. This study affirms that foot type and foot deformity are related and that foot deformities are associated with ulcer occurrence.  (+info)

The prevalence of foot ulceration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (2/11)

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Outpatient percutaneous flexor tenotomies for management of diabetic claw toe deformities with ulcers: a preliminary report. (3/11)

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively review the outcomes of percutaneous flexor tenotomies of diabetic claw toes with ulcers or pending ulcers. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective chart review between January 1999 and June 2005 to identify those patients who had undergone a percutaneous flexor tenotomy for diabetic claw toe deformities. We identified 34 toes in 14 patients. Of these, 24 toes had ulcerations at the terminal aspect and 3 had radiographic evidence of osteomyelitis of the terminal phalange. All patients had palpable pulses and good capillary refill. A percutaneous flexor tenotomy was performed on all toes in an outpatient clinic; patients with a rigid flexor contracture at the proximal interphalangeal joint underwent an osteoclaysis to correct a portion of the deformity. RESULTS: The average follow-up was 13 months. All patients with ulcers healed and there were no significant complications. Those without osteomyelitis healed within an average of 3 weeks and those with osteomyelitis healed within an average of 8 weeks. CONCLUSION: A percutaneous flexor tenotomy with osteoclasis of the proximal interphalangeal joint performed in an outpatient clinic is a safe and effective method to off-load the tip of the toe so that that ulcer healing can occur. The presence of osteomyelitis is not a contraindication for this technique; however, an increased healing time can be expected.  (+info)

Role of intrinsic muscle atrophy in the etiology of claw toe deformity in diabetic neuropathy may not be as straightforward as widely believed. (4/11)

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Muscle imbalance and reduced ankle joint motion in people with hammer toe deformity. (5/11)

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Claw toes in hemiplegic patients after stroke. (6/11)

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Reliability and validity of measures of hammer toe deformity angle and tibial torsion. (7/11)

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A novel tendinous interconnection release technique for claw-toe deformity. (8/11)

Claw-toe deformity is a common and potentially debilitating condition that requires appropriate diagnosis and management. Operative treatments for claw-toe deformity depend on the severity and flexibility. In a subset of patients, causation for flexible clawed lesser toes can be related to the force transferred through the tendinous interconnection from the flexor hallucis longus tendon to the flexor digitorum longus tendon. The authors present a surgical technique for claw-toe deformity correction by releasing the tendinous interconnection from the flexor hallucis longus tendon to the flexor digitorum longus tendon in the midfoot area combined with toe manipulation. This technique can theoretically prevent the lack of toe grasp function associated with a flexor tenotomy as well as excessive stiffness associated with a flexor tendon transfer. Meticulous soft tissue dissection and protection of the medial plantar nerve are required to prevent complications.  (+info)

Hammertoe syndrome, also known as hammer toe, is a deformity of the second, third, or fourth smaller toes where they become permanently bent at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. This condition can cause pain and difficulty walking, especially when wearing shoes that rub against the raised portion of the toe. Hammertoe syndrome can be caused by factors such as inherited foot type, arthritis, and muscle imbalance, and it can also result from wearing narrow or ill-fitting shoes for extended periods. Treatment options may include changes in footwear, orthotics, physical therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.

Blue toe syndrome, also known as acrocyanosis or digital ischemia, is a medical condition characterized by the bluish discoloration of the toes due to insufficient blood supply. This can occur due to various reasons such as chilblains, vasospasms, blood clots in the small arteries of the feet, or certain medications that affect blood flow. Prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, smoking, and underlying health conditions like Raynaud's disease, Buerger's disease, or autoimmune disorders can increase the risk of developing blue toe syndrome. Severe cases may require medical intervention such as medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes to improve blood flow and prevent tissue damage.

In medical terms, toes are the digits located at the end of the foot. Humans typically have five toes on each foot, consisting of the big toe (hallux), second toe, third toe, fourth toe, and little toe (fifth toe). The bones of the toes are called phalanges, with the exception of the big toe, which has a different bone structure and is composed of a proximal phalanx, distal phalanx, and sometimes a sesamoid bone.

Toes play an essential role in maintaining balance and assisting in locomotion by helping to push off the ground during walking or running. They also contribute to the overall stability and posture of the body. Various medical conditions can affect toes, such as ingrown toenails, bunions, hammertoes, and neuromas, which may require specific treatments or interventions to alleviate pain, restore function, or improve appearance.

  • Hammer toes and hallux valgus. (hickeysolution.com)
  • Lateral displacement of the great toe ( HALLUX ), producing deformity of the first METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT with callous, bursa, or BUNION formation over the bony prominence. (nih.gov)
  • Contrary to common belief, high-heeled shoes with a small toe box or tight-fitting shoes do not cause hallux valgus. (medscape.com)
  • Bunions ( hallux valgus ) and toe abnormalities such as hammer or claw toes become more prevalent with age but are strongly influenced by heredity, Marian Hannan, DSc, MPH, and colleagues report in an article published online May 20 in Arthritis Care & Research . (medscape.com)
  • The study objective was to estimate the heritability of hallux valgus, lesser toe deformities, and plantar forefoot soft tissue atrophy. (medscape.com)
  • Almost half of the women aged 70+ years had hallux valgus, lesser toe deformity and/or plantar soft tissue atrophy," the authors report. (medscape.com)
  • I think anecdotally we have always believed hallux valgus/hammer toes were caused by a hereditary component. (medscape.com)
  • This is often found in conjunction with bunions or other foot problems (e.g., a bunion can force the big toe to turn inward and push the other toes). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hammer toe is also more likely to occur if an individual experiences foot conditions such as bunions, calluses, or corns . (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Superior Comfort & Protection - Soft, seam-free interior lining eliminates friction against the skin, easing pressure on sensitive feet, bunions and Hammer-Toes. (healthyfeetstore.com)
  • A hammer toe, hammertoe or contracted toe is a deformity of the muscles and ligaments of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toe, bending it into a shape resembling a hammer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Having the toes bent for long periods of time can cause the muscles in them to shorten, resulting in the hammer toe deformity. (wikipedia.org)
  • In many cases, conservative treatment consisting of physical therapy and new shoes with soft, spacious toe boxes is enough to resolve the condition, while in more severe or longstanding cases hammertoe surgery may be necessary to correct the deformity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mallet Toe refers to a specific type of hammertoe deformity, within the broader category of hammer toe syndrome . (txosa.com)
  • However, if the mallet toe continues to worsen the patient's symptoms, physicians may address the deformity surgically. (txosa.com)
  • Toe arthroplasty refers to removing part of the bone in a joint causing a deformity. (txosa.com)
  • Hammer toe is a deformity in which the toes become contracted and bend as if they were gripping something, making them more difficult to move and even painful when walking or running. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Shoes that are too narrow or too short can squeeze the toes, pushing them into an unnatural position for an extended period of time, leading to a hammer toe deformity. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Parallel to this development, varying degrees of toe deformity (bunion, claw toe, hammer toe, mallet toe) or painful nerve compression syndromes (Morton's neuroma) may ensue. (waldkliniken-eisenberg.de)
  • Previously operated upon hammer toes and forefoot deformity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Toe deformity heritability was 0.56 (0.85 for women, 0.61 for men), peaking at 0.90 for men older than 70 years and at 0.80 for women older than 70 years. (medscape.com)
  • The researchers speculate that the high heritability of lesser toe deformities might be associated with excessively long toes, which may be vulnerable to deformity resulting from footwear compression. (medscape.com)
  • The pair is highly fitted for medical conditions as it is designed to provide comfort to those suffering from diabetes, heel pain, calluses, pronation, neuropathy, hammer toes, knee pain and arthritis. (healthyfeetstore.com)
  • Toe deformities can also be caused by muscle, nerve, or joint damage, resulting from conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, complex regional pain syndrome or diabetes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mallet toe is a similar condition affecting the distal interphalangeal joint. (wikipedia.org)
  • What is Mallet Toe? (txosa.com)
  • Mallet toe may cause foot pain from the rubbing of the skin onto surfaces, which may further cause irritation, sores, calluses, corns, and open wounds. (txosa.com)
  • Your surgeon may address a mallet toe by performing a toe arthroplasty , phalangectomy, flexor tendon releases, tendon transfer, and/or toe arthrodesis (IPJ fusion). (txosa.com)
  • The purpose of hammertoe or mallet toe surgery includes relieving pain, reducing deforming forces, improving function, and preventing progression of a worsening hammertoe contracture. (txosa.com)
  • Recovering from a Mallet Toe Surgery. (txosa.com)
  • How Soon Can I Walk After a Hammertoe/Mallet Toe Surgery? (txosa.com)
  • In our centre, treatment is focused on people who have had accidents, those with diseases of the hand and finger joints related to wear (osteoarthritis), nerve compression syndromes in the wrist and rheumatic changes in the hand. (waldkliniken-eisenberg.de)
  • 4 clinics specializing in Orthopedic surgery providing treatment of Accessory navicular syndrome Accessory navicular syndrome is a condition where an extra bone, called the accessory navicular, is present in the foot. (doctor.global)
  • Splinting and taping can be used to immobilize the hammer toe and keep it in a corrected position until the underlying muscles and tendons are strengthened. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • For example, inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis could make tendons around the toes shorter than usual, causing them to bend downward instead of resting flat like they should. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Treating hammer toe at home can be a great way to relieve the pain and discomfort associated with this condition. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • The best known of them is carpal tunnel syndrome: The patients suffer from pain, numbness and reduced strength in the hand. (waldkliniken-eisenberg.de)
  • Noted pain authority Dr. Steven Waldman returns with a new edition of Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes. (youscribe.com)
  • Delivering complete, concise, step-by-step visual guidance, this innovative, popular atlas equips you to effectively diagnose and manage pain syndromes commonly encountered in any clinical practice. (youscribe.com)
  • Accurately diagnose and treat common pain syndromes by following a step-by-step approach that progresses from signs and symptoms through physical findings, laboratory and radiographic testing, treatment options, clinical pearls, and diagnostic codes. (youscribe.com)
  • Quickly and easily find the information you need thanks to highly templated chapters that explore signs and symptoms, physical findings, laboratory and radiographic testing, treatment options, clinical pearls, and diagnostic codes for each pain syndrome. (youscribe.com)
  • See, identify, and diagnose patients' issues with help from clinically relevant illustrations that connect pain syndromes to clearly labeled anatomic illustrations. (youscribe.com)
  • Tarsal tunnel syndrome is pain in the ankle, foot, and sometimes toes caused by compression of or damage to the nerve supplying the heel and sole (posterior tibial nerve). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pain, the most common symptom of tarsal tunnel syndrome, usually has a burning or tingling quality that may occur when a person stands, walks, or wears a particular type of shoe. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pain located around the ankle (usually on the inner side) and extending to the toes usually worsens during walking and is relieved by rest. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Injections of a corticosteroid/anesthetic mixture into the area may relieve pain from tarsal tunnel syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • look for foot abnormalities such as high or flat arches and hammer toes as well as scoliosis). (mhmedical.com)
  • Claw toe is another similar condition, with dorsiflexion of the proximal phalanx on the lesser metatarsophalangeal joint, combined with flexion of both the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints. (wikipedia.org)
  • To diagnose tarsal tunnel syndrome, a doctor manipulates the affected foot during a physical examination. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This is because when the joints in the toe become inflamed, it can cause stiffness or tightness in the joints, making the toes curl down or bend upward to an uncomfortable and unnatural position. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • He was tall and gangly, had hypermobile joints and hammer toes, and had eye issues that are common in people with Marfan syndrome. (mynewstouse.com)
  • Our Health What You Need To Know About Marfan Syndrome Thursday, June 8, 2023 (NAPSMI)-"God kept me here for a reason," said Michael Redd, 41, of Georgia. (mynewstouse.com)
  • Other types of diseases, such as diabetes and gout , can also be linked to hammer toe due to their effects on joint mobility. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Diabetes is a major risk factor for developing hammer toes because diabetes can cause poor circulation, nerve damage and changes in the structure and shape of your feet . (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Other hammertoe types include hammertoe, clawtoe, overlapping fifth toe , and curly toe. (txosa.com)
  • It usually affects the fourth and fifth toe and is caused by a combination of genetics, improper footwear, and muscle imbalances. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis , can also lead to other conditions that directly result in hammer toe symptoms. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Signs and Symptoms Every person's experience with Marfan syndrome is slightly different. (mynewstouse.com)
  • If so, you will have other symptoms besides the shortened fingers or toes. (healthline.com)
  • In the case of nerve compression syndromes, surrounding tissue constricts the supplying nerves, thus damaging them. (waldkliniken-eisenberg.de)
  • Protruding metatarsal bones (the part of the foot that connects the toes is elevated). (hickeysolution.com)
  • Displacement of subcutaneous adipose tissue forward , from the underside of the metatarsal head to the underside of the toe bones. (hickeysolution.com)
  • a rigid hammertoe joint cannot be moved and usually requires surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, an orthotic may be beneficial for those who are suffering from hammertoe caused by arthritis or other conditions that affect foot structure. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Brachydactyly is a shortening of the fingers and toes due to unusually short bones. (healthline.com)
  • The main symptom of brachydactyly is fingers, toes, or both that are shorter than normal. (healthline.com)
  • The shortened fingers and toes of brachydactyly may cause you to have difficulty with grip. (healthline.com)
  • If you have shortened fingers or toes, other members of your family most likely also have the condition. (healthline.com)
  • Hammer toe most frequently results from wearing poorly fitting shoes that can force the toe into a bent position, such as high heels or shoes that are too short or narrow for the foot. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hammer toe is a condition in which the toes become curved and presses down on the sole of the foot. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • At the beginning, an ulcer (skin wound) forms on the edge of the nail of the big toe or on the sole of the foot near the toes. (hickeysolution.com)
  • Wearing high heels with a tight fit at the toes can also cause this condition. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • 5 m/s) velocities observed in Dejerine-Sottas syndrome (DSS) and congenital hypomyelination neuropathy (CHN). (medscape.com)
  • Shoes that fit improperly cause friction to occur at the joint of the toes, over time wearing away the tissue that keeps them in alignment. (treatathomeguide.com)
  • Injuries to the toes, and being born with a big toe that is short in comparison to the second toe, increase risk. (wikipedia.org)
  • The surgical correction of the toe may require pinning using wires to prevent post-operative toe contracture while the skin heals. (txosa.com)
  • Blau syndrome is a rare granulomatous disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner characterized by the early appearance of granulomatous arthritis, skin rash and anterior uveitis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The patient's doctor may also prescribe some toe exercises that can be done at home to stretch and strengthen the muscles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Your surgeon creates a small incision (1-1.5cm) over the toe and releases the joint capsule, extensor tendon, and exposes the joint. (txosa.com)
  • Marfan syndrome, a genetic condition, was confirmed. (mynewstouse.com)
  • About 3 out of 4 people with Marfan syndrome inherit it, meaning they get the genetic mutation from a parent who has it. (mynewstouse.com)
  • And there is a 50 percent chance that a person with Marfan syndrome will pass along the genetic mutation each time they have a child. (mynewstouse.com)
  • It's possible that your brachydactyly is symptomatic of a genetic syndrome. (healthline.com)
  • Genetic testing may also be necessary to determine if the syndrome is present. (healthline.com)

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