An unusual case of urinary retention due to imperforate hymen. (1/6)

A 15 year old girl presented to the accident and emergency (A&E) department with a 24 hour history of lower abdominal pain, and was found to have acute urinary retention. She was discovered to have an imperforate hymen with associated haematocolpos and haematometrium. This is rare and is hence a very unusual presentation to the A&E department. Patients presenting with retention of urine should be carefully assessed for the cause.  (+info)

Endometrial thickness measured by ultrasound scan in women with uterine outlet obstruction due to intrauterine or upper cervical adhesions. (2/6)

BACKGROUND: A subgroup of women with Asherman's syndrome has adhesions of limited extent completely blocking the lower uterine cavity or upper cervix, whereas the upper endometrium remains normal. Haematometra are rarely found in these women. We tested the hypothesis that women with localized adhesions occluding the uterine outlet (but not affecting the upper uterine cavity) will have much thinner endometrium than controls. METHODS: Twenty-six women with Asherman's syndrome (16 with limited outlet adhesions only) and 50 with normal menstrual cycles underwent transvaginal ultrasound scan where endometrial double thickness was measured precisely and the cycle phase assessed. The presence of any fluid in the uterine cavity was noted. RESULTS: The endometrium in women with Asherman's syndrome, in whom uterine outlet blockage was the sole abnormality (subgroup 3), was substantially thinner (mean +/- SEM: 3.9 +/- 0.4 mm) than controls (8.5 +/- 0.05; P < 0.001), and haematometra were very uncommon (1 of 16). Endometrial thickness at all stages of the ovarian/menstrual cycle in all three subgroups of Asherman's syndrome was significantly less than in normal menstruating controls. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive ultrasound measurements have demonstrated very thin endometrium and absence of haematometra in most women with uterine outlet occlusion by adhesions. This unusual phenomenon of failure of cyclical endometrial growth and breakdown in the sole presence of cervical occlusion by adhesions merits further study.  (+info)

Dysmenorrhea due to a rare mullerian anomaly. (3/6)

 (+info)

Spontaneous uterine rupture secondary to recurrent haematometra from cervical stenosis. (4/6)

Cervical stenosis is a challenging condition that often recurs despite intervention. Multiple therapeutic options have been described, but a clearly effective and reliable treatment method has yet to be identified. Patients with recurrent stenosis are at risk of developing severe complications such as chronic pelvic pain and infertility. We describe a case of congenital cervical stenosis with secondary haematometra in which repeated cervical dilatation, hysteroscopic canalisation and administration of medications to retard endometrial development were unsuccessful in relieving the obstruction and preventing re-accumulation of menstrual blood. Total hysterectomy was eventually mandated by spontaneous rupture of the haematometra.  (+info)

Imperforate Hymen - a rare cause of acute abdominal pain and tenesmus: case report and review of the literature. (5/6)

 (+info)

Hemihaematometra with persistent undeveloped Wolffian duct. (6/6)

A case of hemihaematometra in a non-communicating rudimentary horn of the uterus in a 14 year old girl is presented. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a persistent undeveloped Wolffian duct. This is the second case in world literature where a persistent mesonephric duct without any development is reported.  (+info)