Increase in the mass of bone per unit volume.
A disease of elderly men characterized by large osteophytes that bridge vertebrae and ossification of ligaments and tendon insertions.
Syndrome consisting of SYNOVITIS; ACNE CONGLOBATA; PALMOPLANTAR PUSTULOSIS; HYPEROSTOSIS; and OSTEITIS. The most common site of the disease is the upper anterior chest wall, characterized by predominantly osteosclerotic lesions, hyperostosis, and arthritis of the adjacent joints. The association of sterile inflammatory bone lesions and neutrophilic skin eruptions is indicative of this syndrome.
Thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone, which may be associated with hypertrichosis and obesity. It most commonly affects women near menopause.
A rare, benign rheumatologic disorder or syndrome characterized by hyperostosis and soft tissue ossification between the clavicles and the anterior part of the upper ribs. It is often associated with the dermatologic disorder palmoplantar pustulosis, particularly in Japan. Careful diagnosis is required to distinguish it from psoriatic arthritis, OSTEITIS DEFORMANS, and other diseases. Spondylitis of pustulosis palmaris et plantaris is one of the possible causes; also, evidence suggests one origin may be bone infection. Bone imaging is especially useful for diagnosis. It was originally described by Sonozaki in 1974.
Benign hypertrophy that projects outward from the surface of bone, often containing a cartilaginous component.
A form of osteosclerosis extending in a linear track mainly through one of the long bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Fixation and immobility of a joint.
The study of disease in prehistoric times as revealed in bones, mummies, and archaeologic artifacts.
A mucosal tumor of the urinary bladder or nasal cavity in which proliferating epithelium is invaginated beneath the surface and is more smoothly rounded than in other papillomas. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Inflammation of the bone.
A disease of young infants characterized by soft tissue swellings over the affected bones, fever, and irritability, and marked by periods of remission and exacerbation. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Outgrowth of immature bony processes or bone spurs (OSTEOPHYTE) from the VERTEBRAE, reflecting the presence of degenerative disease and calcification. It commonly occurs in cervical and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS.
Air-filled spaces located within the bones around the NASAL CAVITY. They are extensions of the nasal cavity and lined by the ciliated NASAL MUCOSA. Each sinus is named for the cranial bone in which it is located, such as the ETHMOID SINUS; the FRONTAL SINUS; the MAXILLARY SINUS; and the SPHENOID SINUS.
The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.
The first seven VERTEBRAE of the SPINAL COLUMN, which correspond to the VERTEBRAE of the NECK.
A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)
Developmental bone diseases are a category of skeletal disorders that arise from disturbances in the normal growth and development of bones, including abnormalities in size, shape, structure, or composition, which can lead to various musculoskeletal impairments and deformities.
The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones.
'Spinal diseases' is a broad term referring to various medical conditions that affect the structural integrity, function, or health of the spinal column, including degenerative disorders, infections, inflammatory processes, traumatic injuries, neoplasms, and congenital abnormalities.
Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
A long, narrow, and flat bone commonly known as BREASTBONE occurring in the midsection of the anterior thoracic segment or chest region, which stabilizes the rib cage and serves as the point of origin for several muscles that move the arms, head, and neck.
Two extensive fibrous bands running the length of the vertebral column. The anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale anterius; lacertus medius) interconnects the anterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies; the posterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale posterius) interconnects the posterior surfaces. The commonest clinical consideration is OSSIFICATION OF POSTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord.
Neoplasms of the base of the skull specifically, differentiated from neoplasms of unspecified sites or bones of the skull (SKULL NEOPLASMS).
Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

A case of infantile cortical hyperostosis. (1/20)

Infantile cortical hyperosteosis (ICH) is usually a self-limited disease of infancy with bony changes, soft tissue swelling, fever, irritability, decreased appetite, and decreased movement of the affected bones. Its description in isolated patients or in multiple members of families suggests the existence of two different forms, namely a sporadic form and a familial form with incomplete penetrance. In this article, we report a 2.5-month-old girl with ICH of sporadic form, due to unusual presentation.  (+info)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis. (2/20)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease) is characterized by radiological evidence of cortical hyperostosis, soft tissue swellings, fever and irritability. We report a case of Caffey disease highlighting its presentation as pyrexia of unknown origin, appearance on radionuclide bone scintigraphy and our unsatisfactory experience of treating it with Ibuprofen, a prostaglandin inhibitor.  (+info)

Caffey disease: an unlikely collagenopathy. (3/20)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis (also known as Caffey disease) is characterized by hyperirritability, acute inflammation of soft tissues, and profound alterations of the shape and structure of the underlying bones, particularly the long bones, mandible, clavicles, or ribs. In this issue of the JCI, Gensure et al. undertook fine mapping of the genetic locus for this disease in a large kindred of individuals with the autosomal dominant form of the condition. The authors found a novel missense mutation in COL1A1, the gene encoding the alpha1 chain of type I collagen, in all affected individuals in 3 discrete pedigrees. This is a surprising finding, as all other reported mutations affecting the synthesis of type I collagen lead to conditions such as osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, in which quantitative or qualitative defects in type I collagen synthesis give rise to bone fragility and/or connective tissue hyperextensibility. The deleterious effect of the mutation on collagen fibril morphology is demonstrated; however, the precise functional link between the reported missense mutation and the localized inflammation and hyperostosis seen in Caffey disease awaits future studies.  (+info)

A novel COL1A1 mutation in infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease) expands the spectrum of collagen-related disorders. (4/20)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease) is characterized by spontaneous episodes of subperiosteal new bone formation along 1 or more bones commencing within the first 5 months of life. A genome-wide screen for genetic linkage in a large family with an autosomal dominant form of Caffey disease (ADC) revealed a locus on chromosome 17q21 (LOD score, 6.78). Affected individuals and obligate carriers were heterozygous for a missense mutation (3040Ctwo head right arrowT) in exon 41 of the gene encoding the alpha1(I) chain of type I collagen (COL1A1), altering residue 836 (R836C) in the triple-helical domain of this chain. The same mutation was identified in affected members of 2 unrelated, smaller families with ADC, but not in 2 prenatal cases and not in more than 300 chromosomes from healthy individuals. Fibroblast cultures from an affected individual produced abnormal disulfide-bonded dimeric alpha1(I) chains. Dermal collagen fibrils of the same individual were larger, more variable in shape and size, and less densely packed than those in control samples. Individuals bearing the mutation, whether they had experienced an episode of cortical hyperostosis or not, had joint hyperlaxity, hyperextensible skin, and inguinal hernias resembling symptoms of a mild form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type III. These findings extend the spectrum of COL1A1-related diseases to include a hyperostotic disorder.  (+info)

Mineral balance in infantile cortical hyperostosis: effects of corticosteroids. (5/20)

The effects on mineral metabolism of therapeutic doses of corticosteroids were investigated in infantile cortical hyperostosis; in four untreated cases the calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium balances were strongly positive. In one severe case, treatment with prednisolone was associated with an alteration to negative calcium and magnesium balance, and faecal losses of calcium were particularly high. This effect persisted for at least three months after the steroids had been discontinued, and during this period there was pronounced retardation of linear growth. Six months after the treatment had been stopped mineral balance was again positive and there was rapid 'catch up' in growth. In infancy, the negative effect of corticosteroids on calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism may contribute to inhibition of bone growth and steroid stunting.  (+info)

Van Buchem disease. (6/20)

Van Buchem disease is a hereditary sclerosing dysplasia of bone. Both dominant and autosomal recessive modes of transmission have been described. The dominant form tends to be a benign disorder and symptoms are usually confined to those associated with the enlargement of the jaw. The recessive forms tend to have a greater morbidity and symptoms arise from pressure on cranial nerves by hyperostotic bone at the base of the skull. Patients of the dominant families have often had a torus palatinus. No haematological changes are found. The alkaline phosphatase may be raised--even if the total level is not elevated, the bone fraction may be increased. The radiological appearances are regarded as characteristic. The jaw is enlarged and thickened to an extent not seen in other bone dysplasias such as osteopetrosis. The cortices of the diaphyses are thickened and the medullary cavities are encroached upon but not obliterated. Abnormal modelling of the bone ends is not found in van Buchem disease. In long bones the distribution is predominantly diaphyseal but the bone ends are also affected.  (+info)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease): a possible misdiagnosis as physical abuse. (7/20)

Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease) is a rare self-limiting inflammatory bony disease of early infancy. We report a 1-month-old Chinese boy with Caffey disease who presented with painful swelling over his shins bilaterally. Physical abuse was initially suspected, but the radiological findings of periosteal thickening over multiple bones (particularly the mandible), symmetrical involvement, diaphyseal involvement with sparing of the epiphysis, made Caffey disease a likely diagnosis. This report highlights that infantile cortical hyperostosis is an important differential diagnosis for children suspected of being abused, and clinicians should have a high index of suspicion to avoid misdiagnosis.  (+info)

A case of congenital hyperostosis in a newborn piglet. (8/20)

One female newborn piglet showed prominent thickening of both forelimbs and died soon after birth. Histopathologically, thin and woven trabeculae of bone was extending out from the edge of cortical bone in the affected forelimbs, and diagnosed as congenital hyperostosis. The extent of radially proliferated trabeculae was most prominent in radioulna. Many round- to spindle-shaped cells were observed in periosteum, which were considered to be osteoblasts. Around the periosteum, the mesenchymal proliferation was extensive with abundant mucus, and cartilaginous metaplastic changes were observed mainly around the radioulna and humerus. Dilatation of vessels with fibrin deposition in vessel walls was often observed, which were considered to reflect the localized circulatory disturbance.  (+info)

Hyperostosis is a medical term that refers to an excessive growth or abnormal thickening of bone tissue. It can occur as a result of various conditions, such as inflammation, injury, or genetic disorders. The extra bone growth can cause pain, stiffness, and limited mobility in the affected area. In some cases, hyperostosis can also lead to deformities and other complications.

There are several types of hyperostosis, including:

1. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH): This is a condition that affects the spine, causing calcification and stiffening of the ligaments and bone spurs to form along the edges of the vertebrae. It is often asymptomatic but can cause pain and stiffness in some cases.
2. Flat bone hyperostosis: This type of hyperostosis affects the flat bones of the body, such as the skull, ribs, and pelvis. It can be caused by various conditions, including Paget's disease, fibrous dysplasia, and certain types of cancer.
3. Focal hyperostosis: This refers to localized areas of bone overgrowth that can occur in response to injury, infection, or inflammation. Examples include heterotopic ossification (the formation of bone in soft tissues) and Freiberg's infarction (a condition that affects the joint surface of the metatarsal bones in the foot).
4. Hyperostosis frontalis interna: This is a benign condition that causes thickening of the inner table of the frontal bone in the skull. It is more common in women and often asymptomatic but can cause headaches and other symptoms in some cases.

Treatment for hyperostosis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. However, if the condition causes pain or limits mobility, various treatments may be recommended, such as medication, physical therapy, or surgery.

Diffuse Idiopathic Hyperostosis (DIH), also known as Forestier's Disease, is a non-inflammatory skeletal disorder characterized by the abnormal thickening and hardening (hyperostosis) of the bony portions of the spine and/or other parts of the skeleton. In DIH, there is an excessive formation of new bone along the edges of these bones, particularly at the sites where ligaments attach to the bones.

The term "idiopathic" indicates that the cause of this condition is currently unknown, while "diffuse" refers to its widespread involvement of multiple skeletal areas. The exact pathogenesis of DIH remains unclear; however, it has been suggested that there might be a connection with abnormal bone metabolism and/or localized inflammation.

DIH primarily affects middle-aged and older adults, with men being more commonly affected than women. Common symptoms include stiffness, pain, and limited mobility in the spine and joints. In some cases, DIH may also lead to complications such as spinal stenosis or nerve compression due to the excessive bone growth.

It is important to note that while hyperostosis can be a feature of various medical conditions, the term "Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis" specifically refers to this distinct clinical entity characterized by the widespread involvement of the skeleton and the absence of inflammation or other underlying causes.

Acquired hyperostosis syndrome is not a widely recognized medical term, and it may refer to several different conditions that involve abnormal bone growth or hardening. One possible condition that might be referred to as acquired hyperostosis syndrome is diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is a non-inflammatory condition that affects the spine and other parts of the body. It is characterized by the calcification and ossification of ligaments and entheses, which are the sites where tendons or ligaments attach to bones. This process can lead to the formation of bony spurs or growths, called osteophytes, along the spine and other affected areas.

The exact cause of DISH is not known, but it is more common in older adults, males, and people with certain medical conditions such as diabetes and obesity. The symptoms of DISH can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the bone growths. Some people may experience stiffness, pain, or limited mobility in the affected areas, while others may have no symptoms at all.

It is important to note that there are many other conditions that can cause abnormal bone growth or hardening, so a proper medical evaluation is necessary to determine the underlying cause of any symptoms. If you have concerns about acquired hyperostosis syndrome or any other medical condition, you should speak with your healthcare provider for further guidance.

Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna (HFI) is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal thickening or overgrowth of the inner table of the frontal bone, which is the bone that forms the forehead. This condition most commonly affects middle-aged to older women. The exact cause of HFI is not known, but it may be associated with hormonal factors, as it is more common in women who have gone through menopause.

In HFI, the overgrowth of bone can cause a raised, bumpy, or irregular appearance on the forehead, and can sometimes lead to headaches or other symptoms. However, many people with HFI do not experience any symptoms at all. The diagnosis of HFI is typically made based on imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans, which show the characteristic thickening of the frontal bone.

While HFI is not a life-threatening condition, it can cause cosmetic concerns and may require treatment in some cases. Treatment options for HFI include medication to manage symptoms such as headaches, as well as surgical removal of the excess bone in severe cases.

Hyperostosis, sternocostoclavicular, is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal thickening and hardening of the bone tissue in the sternocostoclavicular joint and surrounding areas. The sternocostoclavicular joint is where the clavicle (collarbone) meets the sternum (breastbone) and manubrium, and costae (ribs). This condition can result in pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion in the affected area. The exact cause of hyperostosis, sternocostoclavicular, is not fully understood, but it may be associated with trauma, inflammation, or genetic factors. In some cases, this condition may be asymptomatic and only discovered during imaging studies performed for other reasons. Treatment options typically include pain management, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery to remove the excess bone growth.

Exostoses are benign (noncancerous) bone growths that develop on the surface of a bone, usually in response to repeated stress or friction. They are often small and smooth, but can become larger and more irregular over time. In some cases, they may cause pain or discomfort, especially if they continue to grow and put pressure on nearby nerves, muscles, or other bones.

Exostoses can occur in various parts of the body, but they are most commonly found in the long bones of the arms and legs, as well as in the small bones of the feet. They may also develop in response to chronic irritation or injury, such as from jogging or playing sports that involve a lot of running or jumping.

In some cases, exostoses may be surgically removed if they cause persistent pain or other symptoms. However, in many cases, they do not require treatment and can be left alone. If you are concerned about any bone growths or other unusual symptoms, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Melorheostosis is a very rare, progressive bone disorder characterized by the thickening and hardening of the bones' outer covering (periosteum). The name "melorheostosis" means "melting bones," which describes the appearance of the long bones on X-rays. It resembles dripping candle wax flowing down the shafts of the bones.

The condition typically affects one side of the body, often involving the legs and arms, but can also affect the skull, spine, and ribs. The symptoms can vary widely, depending on the location and extent of bone involvement. They may include bone pain, deformities, limited mobility, joint stiffness, and skin changes over the affected bones.

The exact cause of melorheostosis is unknown, but it is not a hereditary condition. It is thought to be related to abnormal blood vessel formation during fetal development, leading to improper bone growth and development. There is no known cure for melorheostosis, but various treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include pain management, physical therapy, surgery, and other supportive measures.

Ankylosis is a medical term that refers to the abnormal joining or fusion of bones, typically in a joint. This can occur as a result of various conditions such as injury, infection, or inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. The fusion of bones can restrict movement and cause stiffness in the affected joint. In some cases, ankylosis can lead to deformity and disability if not treated promptly and effectively.

There are different types of ankylosis depending on the location and extent of bone fusion. For instance, when it affects the spine, it is called "ankylosing spondylitis," which is a chronic inflammatory disease that can cause stiffness and pain in the joints between the vertebrae.

Treatment for ankylosis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, physical therapy or surgery may be necessary to restore mobility and function to the affected joint.

Paleopathology is the study of ancient diseases and injuries as recorded in bones, mummies, and other archaeological remains. It is an interdisciplinary field that combines knowledge from pathology, epidemiology, anthropology, and archaeology to understand the health and disease patterns of past populations. The findings of paleopathology can provide valuable insights into the evolution of diseases, the effectiveness of ancient medical practices, and the impact of environmental and social factors on human health over time. Examples of conditions that may be studied in paleopathology include infectious diseases (such as tuberculosis or leprosy), nutritional deficiencies, trauma, cancer, and genetic disorders.

Inverted papilloma is a specific type of benign (non-cancerous) growth that occurs in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. It is also known as schneiderian papilloma or cylindrical cell papilloma.

This condition is characterized by the growth of finger-like projections (papillae) that invert or grow inward into the underlying tissue, hence the name "inverted." The lesions are usually composed of an outer layer of stratified squamous epithelium and an inner core of connective tissue.

Inverted papillomas can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, nosebleeds, sinus pressure, and difficulty breathing through the nose. In some cases, they may also lead to more serious complications, including recurrence after removal and a small risk of malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma.

It is important to note that while inverted papillomas are benign, they can still cause significant problems due to their location and tendency to recur. Therefore, they typically require surgical removal and close follow-up with an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat specialist).

Osteitis is a medical term that refers to the inflammation of bone tissue. It can occur as a result of various conditions, such as infection (osteomyelitis), trauma, or autoimmune disorders. The symptoms of osteitis may include pain, swelling, warmth, and redness in the affected area, as well as fever and general malaise. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the inflammation, which may involve antibiotics for infection or anti-inflammatory medications for other causes. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected or damaged bone tissue.

Congenital cortical hyperostosis is a rare, inherited bone disorder that is characterized by abnormal thickening of the outer layer of bones (cortical hyperostosis). This condition primarily affects the skull and long bones of the arms and legs. The exact cause of congenital cortical hyperostosis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to mutations in certain genes that regulate bone growth and development.

The symptoms of congenital cortical hyperostosis can vary widely from person to person, depending on the severity and location of the bone abnormalities. Some common features of this condition include:

* A thickened skull, which may cause a prominent forehead or a misshapen head
* Abnormally thick and dense long bones in the arms and legs, which can make them heavy and difficult to move
* Delayed growth and development
* Increased risk of fractures
* Pain and stiffness in the affected bones

Congenital cortical hyperostosis is typically diagnosed based on a combination of clinical symptoms, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and genetic testing. There is no cure for this condition, but treatment may involve pain management, physical therapy, and surgery to correct any bone deformities. In some cases, the symptoms of congenital cortical hyperostosis may improve over time, but in others, they may persist throughout life.

Spinal osteophytosis, also known as spinal osteophyte formation or bone spurs on the spine, refers to the abnormal growth of bony projections along the vertebral column's margins. These bony outgrowths develop due to degenerative changes, inflammation, or injury in the joints between the vertebrae (facet joints) and can cause stiffness, pain, and reduced mobility. In some cases, spinal osteophytosis may lead to complications such as spinal stenosis or nerve compression.

Paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities in the skull that surround the nasal cavity. There are four pairs of paranasal sinuses, including the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses. These sinuses help to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. They also contribute to our voice resonance and provide a slight cushioning effect for the skull. The openings of the paranasal sinuses lead directly into the nasal cavity, allowing mucus produced in the sinuses to drain into the nose. Infections or inflammation of the paranasal sinuses can result in conditions such as sinusitis.

The skull is the bony structure that encloses and protects the brain, the eyes, and the ears. It is composed of two main parts: the cranium, which contains the brain, and the facial bones. The cranium is made up of several fused flat bones, while the facial bones include the upper jaw (maxilla), lower jaw (mandible), cheekbones, nose bones, and eye sockets (orbits).

The skull also provides attachment points for various muscles that control chewing, moving the head, and facial expressions. Additionally, it contains openings for blood vessels, nerves, and the spinal cord to pass through. The skull's primary function is to protect the delicate and vital structures within it from injury and trauma.

The cervical vertebrae are the seven vertebrae that make up the upper part of the spine, also known as the neck region. They are labeled C1 to C7, with C1 being closest to the skull and C7 connecting to the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region. The cervical vertebrae have unique structures to allow for a wide range of motion in the neck while also protecting the spinal cord and providing attachment points for muscles and ligaments.

A meningioma is a type of slow-growing tumor that forms on the membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It's usually benign, meaning it doesn't spread to other parts of the body, but it can still cause serious problems if it grows and presses on nearby tissues.

Meningiomas most commonly occur in adults, and are more common in women than men. They can cause various symptoms depending on their location and size, including headaches, seizures, vision or hearing problems, memory loss, and changes in personality or behavior. In some cases, they may not cause any symptoms at all and are discovered only during imaging tests for other conditions.

Treatment options for meningiomas include monitoring with regular imaging scans, surgery to remove the tumor, and radiation therapy to shrink or kill the tumor cells. The best treatment approach depends on factors such as the size and location of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and their personal preferences.

Developmental bone diseases are a group of medical conditions that affect the growth and development of bones. These diseases are present at birth or develop during childhood and adolescence, when bones are growing rapidly. They can result from genetic mutations, hormonal imbalances, or environmental factors such as poor nutrition.

Some examples of developmental bone diseases include:

1. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI): Also known as brittle bone disease, OI is a genetic disorder that affects the body's production of collagen, a protein necessary for healthy bones. People with OI have fragile bones that break easily and may also experience other symptoms such as blue sclerae (whites of the eyes), hearing loss, and joint laxity.
2. Achondroplasia: This is the most common form of dwarfism, caused by a genetic mutation that affects bone growth. People with achondroplasia have short limbs and a large head relative to their body size.
3. Rickets: A condition caused by vitamin D deficiency or an inability to absorb or use vitamin D properly. This leads to weak, soft bones that can bow or bend easily, particularly in children.
4. Fibrous dysplasia: A rare bone disorder where normal bone is replaced with fibrous tissue, leading to weakened bones and deformities.
5. Scoliosis: An abnormal curvature of the spine that can develop during childhood or adolescence. While not strictly a developmental bone disease, scoliosis can be caused by various underlying conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spina bifida.

Treatment for developmental bone diseases varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment may include medication, physical therapy, bracing, or surgery to correct deformities and improve function. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to monitor growth, manage symptoms, and prevent complications.

The fibula is a slender bone located in the lower leg of humans and other vertebrates. It runs parallel to the larger and more robust tibia, and together they are known as the bones of the leg or the anterior tibial segment. The fibula is the lateral bone in the leg, positioned on the outside of the tibia.

In humans, the fibula extends from the knee joint proximally to the ankle joint distally. Its proximal end, called the head of the fibula, articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia and forms part of the inferior aspect of the knee joint. The narrowed portion below the head is known as the neck of the fibula.

The shaft of the fibula, also called the body of the fibula, is a long, thin structure that descends from the neck and serves primarily for muscle attachment rather than weight-bearing functions. The distal end of the fibula widens to form the lateral malleolus, which is an important bony landmark in the ankle region. The lateral malleolus articulates with the talus bone of the foot and forms part of the ankle joint.

The primary functions of the fibula include providing attachment sites for muscles that act on the lower leg, ankle, and foot, as well as contributing to the stability of the ankle joint through its articulation with the talus bone. Fractures of the fibula can occur due to various injuries, such as twisting or rotational forces applied to the ankle or direct trauma to the lateral aspect of the lower leg.

Spinal diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the spinal column, which is made up of vertebrae (bones), intervertebral discs, facet joints, nerves, ligaments, and muscles. These diseases can cause pain, discomfort, stiffness, numbness, weakness, or even paralysis, depending on the severity and location of the condition. Here are some examples of spinal diseases:

1. Degenerative disc disease: This is a condition where the intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and height, leading to stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility.
2. Herniated disc: This occurs when the inner material of the intervertebral disc bulges or herniates out through a tear in the outer layer, causing pressure on the spinal nerves and resulting in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area.
3. Spinal stenosis: This is a narrowing of the spinal canal or the neural foramen (the openings where the spinal nerves exit the spinal column), which can cause pressure on the spinal cord or nerves and result in pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness.
4. Scoliosis: This is a curvature of the spine that can occur in children or adults, leading to an abnormal posture, back pain, and decreased lung function.
5. Osteoarthritis: This is a degenerative joint disease that affects the facet joints in the spine, causing pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility.
6. Ankylosing spondylitis: This is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and fusion of the vertebrae.
7. Spinal tumors: These are abnormal growths that can occur in the spinal column, which can be benign or malignant, causing pain, neurological symptoms, or even paralysis.
8. Infections: Bacterial or viral infections can affect the spine, leading to pain, fever, and other systemic symptoms.
9. Trauma: Fractures, dislocations, or sprains of the spine can occur due to accidents, falls, or sports injuries, causing pain, neurological deficits, or even paralysis.

Paranasal sinus neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop within the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located inside the skull near the nasal cavity. These tumors can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and they can arise from various types of tissue within the sinuses, such as the lining of the sinuses (mucosa), bone, or other soft tissues.

Paranasal sinus neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including nasal congestion, nosebleeds, facial pain or numbness, and visual disturbances. The diagnosis of these tumors typically involves a combination of imaging studies (such as CT or MRI scans) and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the specific type and stage of the neoplasm.

The sternum, also known as the breastbone, is a long, flat bone located in the central part of the chest. It serves as the attachment point for several muscles and tendons, including those involved in breathing. The sternum has three main parts: the manubrium at the top, the body in the middle, and the xiphoid process at the bottom. The upper seven pairs of ribs connect to the sternum via costal cartilages.

Longitudinal ligaments, in the context of anatomy, refer to the fibrous bands that run lengthwise along the spine. They are named as such because they extend in the same direction as the long axis of the body. The main function of these ligaments is to provide stability and limit excessive movement in the spinal column.

There are three layers of longitudinal ligaments in the spine:

1. Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (ALL): This ligament runs down the front of the vertebral bodies, attached to their anterior aspects. It helps to prevent hyperextension of the spine.
2. Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (PLL): The PLL is located on the posterior side of the vertebral bodies and extends from the axis (C2) to the sacrum. Its primary function is to limit hyperflexion of the spine.
3. Ligamentum Flavum: Although not strictly a 'longitudinal' ligament, it is often grouped with them due to its longitudinal orientation. The ligamentum flavum is a pair of elastic bands that connect adjacent laminae (posterior bony parts) of the vertebral arch in the spine. Its main function is to maintain tension and stability while allowing slight movement between the vertebrae.

These longitudinal ligaments play an essential role in maintaining spinal alignment, protecting the spinal cord, and facilitating controlled movements within the spine.

Meningeal neoplasms, also known as malignant meningitis or leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, refer to cancerous tumors that originate in the meninges, which are the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. These tumors can arise primarily from the meningeal cells themselves, although they more commonly result from the spread (metastasis) of cancer cells from other parts of the body, such as breast, lung, or melanoma.

Meningeal neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including headaches, nausea and vomiting, mental status changes, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies (such as MRI) and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid obtained through a spinal tap. Treatment options may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery, depending on the type and extent of the tumor. The prognosis for patients with meningeal neoplasms is generally poor, with a median survival time of several months to a year.

Skull base neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors located in the skull base, which is the region where the skull meets the spine and where the brain connects with the blood vessels and nerves that supply the head and neck. These neoplasms can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and they can arise from various types of cells in this area, including bone, nerve, glandular, and vascular tissue.

Skull base neoplasms can cause a range of symptoms depending on their size, location, and growth rate. Some common symptoms include headaches, vision changes, hearing loss, facial numbness or weakness, difficulty swallowing, and balance problems. Treatment options for skull base neoplasms may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. The specific treatment plan will depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and medical history.

Nose neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and have the potential to metastasize.

Nose neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as nasal congestion, nosebleeds, difficulty breathing through the nose, loss of smell, facial pain or numbness, and visual changes if they affect the eye. The diagnosis of nose neoplasms usually involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as CT or MRI scans), and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the growth. Treatment options depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the neoplasm and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

"Bone" is the hard, dense connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrate animals. It provides support and protection for the body's internal organs, and serves as a attachment site for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Bone is composed of cells called osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone formation and resorption, respectively, and an extracellular matrix made up of collagen fibers and mineral crystals.

Bones can be classified into two main types: compact bone and spongy bone. Compact bone is dense and hard, and makes up the outer layer of all bones and the shafts of long bones. Spongy bone is less dense and contains large spaces, and makes up the ends of long bones and the interior of flat and irregular bones.

The human body has 206 bones in total. They can be further classified into five categories based on their shape: long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

"Side effects of therapy with prostaglandin E1 in infants with critical congenital heart disease". Circulation. 64 (5): 893-898 ... Infantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH) is a self-limited inflammatory disorder of infants that causes bone changes, soft tissue ... July 2008). "Prenatal cortical hyperostosis with COL1A1 gene mutation". Am. J. Med. Genet. A. 146A (14): 1820-4. doi:10.1002/ ... The average age at onset for the sporadic form is 9-11 weeks.[citation needed] Cortical hyperostosis is a potential side effect ...
... hyperostosis, cortical, congenital MeSH C05.116.099.708.486 - hyperostosis frontalis interna MeSH C05.116.099.708.582 - Langer- ... hyperostosis, cortical, congenital MeSH C05.116.540.410 - hyperostosis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal MeSH C05.116.540.420 - ... congenital MeSH C05.660.585.512.380 - foot deformities, congenital MeSH C05.660.585.600 - polydactyly MeSH C05.660.585.600.750 ... congenital MeSH C05.660.585.988.425 - hand deformities, congenital MeSH C05.660.906.364 - craniosynostoses MeSH C05.660.906.364 ...
Hyperostosid corticalis deformans juvenilis Hyperostosis cortical infantile Hyperostosis corticalis generalisata Hyperostosis ... congenital Hillig syndrome Hing-Torack-Dowston syndrome Hinson-Pepys disease Hip dislocation Hip dysplasia Beukes type Hip ... congenital essential Hemeralopia, familial Hemi 3 syndrome Hemifacial atrophy agenesis of the caudate nucleus Hemifacial ... familial Heart block Heart defect round face congenital retarded development Heart defect tongue hamartoma polysyndactyly Heart ...
Congenital limb deformities - Congenital patellar dislocation - Conradi-Hünermann syndrome - Coopernail's sign - Cortical bone ... Infantile cortical hyperostosis - Injury Severity Score - Internal fixation - Intervertebral disc annuloplasty - Intervertebral ... and congenital limb deformities. Trauma surgery and traumatology is a sub-specialty dealing with the operative management of ... Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis - Discectomy - Discoid meniscus - Dislocated shoulder - Dislocation of hip - ...
... mental retardation polydactyly Cortical degeneration of the cerebellum parenchymatous Cortical dysplasia Cortical hyperostosis ... Congenital s Congenital megacolon Congenital megaloureter Congenital mesoblastic nephroma Congenital microvillous atrophy ... Congenital v Congenital toxoplasmosis Congenital unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia Congenital vagal hyperreflexivity Congenital ... Congenital mitral malformation Congenital mitral stenosis Congenital mixovirus Congenital mumps Congenital muscular dystrophy ...
... chronic spasmodic Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica Dysplasia Dysplastic cortical hyperostosis Dysplastic nevus syndrome ... congenital type 1 Dyserythropoietic anemia, congenital type 2 Dyserythropoietic anemia, congenital type 3 Dysexecutive syndrome ... congenital Diarrhea chronic with villous atrophy Diarrhea polyendocrinopathy infections X linked Diastematomyelia Diastrophic ... familial Distemper Distichiasis heart congenital anomalies Distomatosis Diverticulitis Diverticulosis Dk phocomelia syndrome D- ...
... congenital, nongoitrous Ito hypomelanosis Joubert syndrome Keipert syndrome Legius syndrome LEOPARD syndrome Lethal congenital ... Cortical Development and Disorders". Obstetric imaging : fetal diagnosis and care (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA. ISBN 978-0-323- ... cranial hyperostosis (bone overgrowth), and other conditions. Pathologic macrocephaly is called "syndromic", when it is ... Pathologic macrocephaly may be caused by congenital anatomic abnormalities, genetic conditions, or by environmental events. ...
Analysis of the cross-sections of S. fatalis humeri indicated that they were strengthened by cortical thickening to such an ... Several Smilodon fossils show signs of ankylosing spondylitis, hyperostosis and trauma. One study of 1,000 Smilodon skulls ... as this individual was unable to hunt or defend its territory due to the severity of its congenital issue. The brain of ...
ADIPOQ Adrenal cortical carcinoma; 202300; TP53 Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency; 202010 ... and calvarial hyperostosis; 612714; COX4I2 Exostoses, multiple, type 1; 133700; EXT1 Exostoses, multiple, type 2; 133701; EXT2 ... GUCY2D Leber congenital amaurosis 10; 611755; CEP290 Leber congenital amaurosis 12; 610612; RD3 Leber congenital amaurosis 13; ... LRAT Leber congenital amaurosis 2; 204100; RPE65 Leber congenital amaurosis 3; 604232; SPATA7 Leber congenital amaurosis 4; ...
... or infantile cortical hyperostosis, is a benign, rare, proliferating bone disease affecting infants. Caffey and Silverman first ... The prenatal form has been described as a more severe, congenital form of infantile cortical hyperostosis that is probably ... encoded search term (Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis (Caffey Disease) Imaging) and Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis (Caffey ... Vahdani K, Choleva P, McVeigh K, Gradhand E, Ford R. Infantile cortical hyperostosis manifesting as congenital unilateral ...
Infantile cortical hyperostosis, see Caffey disease. *Infantile epileptic-dyskinetic encephalopathy, see Developmental and ... Indifference to pain, congenital, autosomal recessive, see Channelopathy-associated congenital insensitivity to pain ... Infantile genetic agranulocytosis, see Severe congenital neutropenia. *Infantile hemiplegia with porencephaly, see Familial ... Immunodeficiency-vasculitis-myoclonus syndrome, see PGM3-congenital disorder of glycosylation. *Immunoosseous dysplasia, ...
"Side effects of therapy with prostaglandin E1 in infants with critical congenital heart disease". Circulation. 64 (5): 893-898 ... Infantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH) is a self-limited inflammatory disorder of infants that causes bone changes, soft tissue ... July 2008). "Prenatal cortical hyperostosis with COL1A1 gene mutation". Am. J. Med. Genet. A. 146A (14): 1820-4. doi:10.1002/ ... The average age at onset for the sporadic form is 9-11 weeks.[citation needed] Cortical hyperostosis is a potential side effect ...
Cortical Congenital Hyperostosis. 1. CTD_human;ORPHANET;UNIPROT. Hgene. COL1A1. C0020538. Hypertensive disease. 1. CTD_human. ...
Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffeys disease) is a rather well documented entity. However, primary scapular involvement ... abstract = "Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffeys disease) is a rather well documented entity. However, primary scapular ... N2 - Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffeys disease) is a rather well documented entity. However, primary scapular ... AB - Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffeys disease) is a rather well documented entity. However, primary scapular ...
Congenital syphilis. Caffeys disease. - infantile cortical hyperostosis. - , 5 months, fever, pain. - typically mandible ...
Raised immunoglobulin levels and thrombocytosis in infantile cortical hyperostosis. (1 December, 1972) Free I J Temperley, S J ... Congenital anomalies of the anus and rectum. (1 December, 1972) Free A W Wilkinson ... Birthweight distribution in congenital pyloric stenosis. (1 December, 1972) Free A Czeizel ...
Defects in COL1A1 are the cause of Caffey disease (CAFFD) [MIM:114000]; also known as infantile cortical hyperostosis. Caffey ... EDS7A is marked by bilateral congenital hip dislocation, hyperlaxity of the joints, and recurrent partial dislocations. ...
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital [C16.614.465] * Ichthyosis [C16.614.492] * Infant, Premature, Diseases [C16.614.521] ... Syphilis, Congenital Preferred Term Term UI T039936. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ... Syphilis, Congenital Preferred Concept UI. M0020973. Scope Note. Syphilis acquired in utero and manifested by any of several ... Congenital Syphilis Term UI T039935. Date01/01/1986. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID ...
Learn about the multitude of birth injuries, medical conditions, medical interventions, genetic conditions, and accidental injuries that result in medical findings that are often misdiagnosed as signs of child abuse or neglect. The page includes medical mimics of shaken baby syndrome and abusive head trauma.
Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna. *Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Kashin-Beck Disease. *Langer-Giedion Syndrome ...
Caffey De Toni Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey Disease use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital ... Caffeys Disease, Familial use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey-De Toni-Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical ...
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Ichthyosis. *Infant, Premature, Diseases. *Meconium Aspiration Syndrome. *Mobius Syndrome ...
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Ichthyosis. *Infant, Premature, Diseases. *Meconium Aspiration Syndrome. *Mobius Syndrome ...
Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna. *Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Kashin-Beck Disease. *Langer-Giedion Syndrome ...
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Ichthyosis. *Infant, Premature, Diseases. *Meconium Aspiration Syndrome. *Mobius Syndrome ... Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low ...
Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna. *Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital. *Kashin-Beck Disease. *Langer-Giedion Syndrome ...
Infantile cortical hyperostosis. ... Congenital hypotonia - Congenital rubella syndrome. Categories ... Amblyopia - Lebers congenital amaurosis - Subjective (Asthenopia, Hemeralopia, Photophobia, Scintillating scotoma) - Diplopia ... Hypothyroidism (Iodine deficiency, Cretinism, Congenital hypothyroidism, Goitre, Myxedema) - Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease, ... Hyperostosis - Osteosclerosis. Osteomyelitis - Avascular necrosis - Pagets disease of bone - Algoneurodystrophy - Osteolysis ...
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital [C16.614.465] * Ichthyosis [C16.614.492] * Infant, Premature, Diseases [C16.614.521] ... Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities [C16] * Infant, Newborn, Diseases [C16.614] * Amniotic Band ...
Caffey De Toni Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey Disease use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital ... Caffeys Disease, Familial use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey-De Toni-Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical ...
Caffey De Toni Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey Disease use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital ... Caffeys Disease, Familial use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey-De Toni-Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical ...
Caffey De Toni Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey Disease use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital ... Caffeys Disease, Familial use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey-De Toni-Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical ...
Caffey De Toni Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey Disease use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital ... Caffeys Disease, Familial use Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital Caffey-De Toni-Silvermann Syndrome use Hyperostosis, Cortical ...
Infantile cortical hyperostosis Page: Infantile idiopathic scoliosis Page: Intramembranous bone formation Page: Juvenile ... Congenital dislocation of the knee Page: Congenital dislocation of the patella Page: Congenital kyphosis Page: Congenital ... Congenital myopathies Page: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia Page: Congenital vertical talus Page: Coxa vara Page: Curly ... Congenital deficiencies of the upper limb Page: Congenital dislocation of radial head Page: ...
Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis (Caffey Disease) Imaging * Infectious (Candida, Herpes, Cytomegalovirus, HIV, Tuberculosis) ... Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM)/Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) Imaging * Congenital Diaphragmatic ... Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM)/Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) Imaging. *Congenital Diaphragmatic ...
... infantile cortical hyperostosis, osteopathia striata, osteopoikilosis, and neurofibromatosis. Radiological findings in ... Leri and Joanny[1] defined melorheostosis as a rare, congenital, non-hereditary disease of unknown etiology first in 1922. In ... Linear hyperostosis of the cortex is the enlargement of the medullary canal and periosteum, which resembles a typical melting ... Hyperostosis is often accompanied by hyperplasia and abnormalities in adjacent connective tissues.[2] This disease may result ...
O Renal cortical adenoma,O Renal cortical atrophy,O Renal cortical cysts,O Renal cortical microcysts,O Renal cortical necrosis, ... O Congenital goiter,O Congenital hemolytic anemia,O Congenital hepatic fibrosis,O Congenital hip dislocation,O Congenital ... O Hyperostosis,O Hyperostosis cranialis interna,O Hyperostosis frontalis interna,O Hyperoxaluria,O Hyperoxemia,O Hyperoxemia in ... O Congenital microthorax,O Congenital miosis,O Congenital mitral stenosis,O Congenital muscular dystrophy,O Congenital muscular ...
Congenital syphilis and neuroblastoma produce findings similar to those of scurvy. The same findings may also be seen in a limb ... Vitamin C deficiency is characterized by cortical thinning, which is sometimes described as a "pencil-point" cortex. Decreased ... Skull changes may produce a porotic hyperostosis ("hair-on-end" appearance) or crew-cut appearance secondary to marrow ...
Prostaglandin-induced cortical hyperostosis * Prostaglandin-induced cortical hyperostosis * Incarcerated hemivertebra * Crossed ... It is a common cause of congenital scoliosis. On this page:. Article: *Epidemiology ...
Asymmetric, disproportionate craniofacial hyperostoses of mosaic pattern in a patient not meeting proteus syndrome criteria ... Characterization of a new X-linked mental retardation syndrome with microcephaly, cortical malformation, and thin habitus ,â–º, ... and congenital cataracts ,â–º, Mochida GH, Ganesh VS, Felie JM, Gleason D, Hill RS, Clapham KR, Rakiec D, Tan WH, Akawi N, Al- ...
  • Infantile cortical hyperostosis is characterized by a clinical triad (fever, soft-tissue swelling, hyperirritability) and a clinching radiographic picture of underlying cortical hyperostosis (thickening or bony expansion). (medscape.com)
  • Radiography is the most valuable diagnostic study in infantile cortical hyperostosis. (medscape.com)
  • The bones most commonly affected in infantile cortical hyperostosis are the flat bones: mandible (75% involvement), clavicle, rib (especially the lateral arches), scapula, skull, and ilium. (medscape.com)
  • The skeletal effects of infantile cortical hyperostosis are demonstrated in the images below. (medscape.com)
  • Two forms of infantile cortical hyperostosis have been described: prenatal and infantile. (medscape.com)
  • The prenatal form has been described as a more severe, congenital form of infantile cortical hyperostosis that is probably inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. (medscape.com)
  • Three pathologic phases of the skeletal and soft-tissue manifestations of Infantile cortical hyperostosis have been described: early, subacute, and late. (medscape.com)
  • Infantile cortical hyperostosis (ICH) is a self-limited inflammatory disorder of infants that causes bone changes, soft tissue swelling and irritability. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the early stages of infantile cortical hyperostosis, biopsy shows inflammation of the periosteum and adjacent soft tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Most infants with infantile cortical hyperostosis are diagnosed by physical examination. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Osteomyelitis (bone infection), which is much more common than infantile cortical hyperostosis, must be excluded, since it requires urgent treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Infantile cortical hyperostosis is a self-limited condition, meaning that the disease resolves on its own without treatment, usually within 6-9 months. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. John Caffey (1895-1978) first described infantile cortical hyperostosis in 1945. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease) is a rather well documented entity. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Raised immunoglobulin levels and thrombocytosis in infantile cortical hyperostosis. (bmj.com)
  • Congenital syphilis and neuroblastoma produce findings similar to those of scurvy. (medscape.com)
  • Hyperostosis is often accompanied by hyperplasia and abnormalities in adjacent connective tissues. (casereportsjointdrs.org)
  • Patients may also have dental abnormalities, vascular calcifications, cortical hyperostosis and angioid streaks of the retina. (exeterlaboratory.com)
  • The neonate was examined by an experienced neonatologist and there were no congenital abnormalities identified. (bioscientifica.com)
  • PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) encompasses a range of clinical findings in which the core features are congenital or early-childhood onset of segmental/focal overgrowth with or without cellular dysplasia. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The degree of intellectual disability appears to be mostly related to the presence and severity of seizures, cortical dysplasia (e.g., polymicrogyria), and hydrocephalus. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Radiographs show layers of periosteal new bone formation, with cortical thickening in variable combinations of the long bones, mandible, and clavicle. (medscape.com)
  • citation needed] Radiographs initially show layers of periosteal new bone formation with cortical thickening. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anterior-posterior and lateral hand radiographs revealed thickening of the cortex in all phalanges of the second finger and metacarpal head, hyperostosis, and increased opacity in the medulla (Figure 1). (casereportsjointdrs.org)
  • A prenatal diagnosis can be made by detecting cortical hyperostosis of the diaphysis of long bones and ribs. (medscape.com)
  • Frontal view of the mandible shows diffuse soft-tissue swelling (lower arrow on the right), right mandibular cortical thickening due to periosteal new bone formation (middle 2 arrows on the right), and mild bony proliferation of the left mandible (arrow on the left). (medscape.com)
  • Frontal view shows cortical thickening of the mandible, which is depicted as a double contour of the cortex due to subperiosteal new bone formation. (medscape.com)
  • Eventually, the inflammation and subperiosteal changes resolve, and hyperplasia of lamellar cortical bone can be seen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Skull changes may produce a porotic hyperostosis ("hair-on-end" appearance) or crew-cut appearance secondary to marrow hyperplasia in response to anemia. (medscape.com)
  • Cervical vertebrae 1,2, …?Ca: Calcium?Ca: Cancer?Ca: Carcinoma?Ca: Cardiac arrest?Ca: Coronary artery?CA-125: A tumor marker for ovarian cancer?CAB: Cellulose acetate butyrate?CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft?CACI: Computer-Assisted Continuous Infusion?CAD: Coronary artery disease?CAG: ?CAH: Chronic active hepatitis?CAH: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia?calid. (kuwaitpharmacy.com)
  • Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. (ctsicn.org)
  • MCAP [megalencephaly-capillary malformation] syndrome and CLOVES [congenital lipomatous asymmetric overgrowth of the trunk, lymphatic, capillary, venous, and combined-type vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, skeletal and spinal anomalies] syndrome). (beds.ac.uk)
  • Nevus sebaceous, a benign congenital skin lesion that preferentially affects the scalp and face, is characterized by hairless, yellow-orange plaques of various size and shape. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Vitamin C deficiency is characterized by cortical thinning, which is sometimes described as a "pencil-point" cortex. (medscape.com)
  • However, cortical hyperostosis can occur as a complication of long-term treatment (4-6 wk). (medscape.com)
  • Hyperostosis has also been reported in patients receiving therapeutic doses of prostaglandin E. Prostaglandins E1 and E2 maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus in infants born with ductus-dependent cyanotic congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
  • He described a group of infants with tender swelling in the soft tissues and cortical thickenings in the skeleton, with onset of these findings during the first 3 months of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the ribs are affected, costal hyperostosis can be associated with an ipsilateral exudative pleural effusion. (medscape.com)
  • Le'ri and Joanny[ 1 ] defined melorheostosis as a rare, congenital, non-hereditary disease of unknown etiology first in 1922. (casereportsjointdrs.org)
  • Linear hyperostosis of the cortex is the enlargement of the medullary canal and periosteum, which resembles a typical 'melting wax' appearance of the affected bone. (casereportsjointdrs.org)
  • citation needed] Cortical hyperostosis is a potential side effect of long-term use of prostaglandins in neonates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The scapula is altered in 10% of cases, and exuberant hyperostosis may resemble neoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • Caffey disease was initially considered as the diagnosis because the patient displayed fever and hyperostosis of multiple bones with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates and C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase levels. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Antenatal onset of cortical hyperostosis (Caffey disease): case report and review. (nih.gov)
  • 11. Radiological aspects of prenatal-onset cortical hyperostosis [Caffey Dysplasia]. (nih.gov)
  • PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) encompasses a range of clinical findings in which the core features are congenital or early-childhood onset of segmental/focal overgrowth with or without cellular dysplasia. (nih.gov)
  • The degree of intellectual disability appears to be mostly related to the presence and severity of seizures, cortical dysplasia (e.g., polymicrogyria), and hydrocephalus. (nih.gov)
  • The central role of the canonical Wnt pathway in osteoblast function in humans was first shown following identification of homozygous loss-of-function mutations of LRP5 in osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, in which patients have reduced BMD, skeletal fragility and congenital blindness. (medscape.com)
  • Blackfan-Diamond syndrome congenital hypoplastic anemia. (topgrowupclinic.eu)
  • MCAP [megalencephaly-capillary malformation] syndrome and CLOVES [congenital lipomatous asymmetric overgrowth of the trunk, lymphatic, capillary, venous, and combined-type vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, skeletal and spinal anomalies] syndrome). (nih.gov)
  • Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/10442 (accessed December 09, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH/Forestier's disease) is a condition characterized by the calcification and ossification of the ligaments of the cervical spine, and the condition may be exclusive to this area of the spine [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • C3009 Endocrine System Disorder C118464 Pediatric Adverse Events Terminology C C98810 Ambiguous Genitalia Atypical Genitalia A rare congenital abnormality in which the infant's external genitalia do not have the typical appearance of a male's or female's genitalia. (nih.gov)
  • He described a group of infants with tender swelling in the soft tissues and cortical thickenings in the skeleton, with onset of these findings during the first 3 months of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Painful swellings (referred to as hyperostosis) in the areas overlying the diaphyses of the tibiae (and less often the ulna, metacarpal bones, and radius). (nih.gov)
  • Some individuals may also have melorheostosis (155950), which is characterized by 'flowing' hyperostosis of the cortex of tubular bones. (nih.gov)
  • Frontal view shows cortical thickening of the mandible, which is depicted as a double contour of the cortex due to subperiosteal new bone formation. (medscape.com)
  • Frontal view of the mandible shows diffuse soft-tissue swelling (lower arrow on the right), right mandibular cortical thickening due to periosteal new bone formation (middle 2 arrows on the right), and mild bony proliferation of the left mandible (arrow on the left). (medscape.com)
  • Affected individuals exhibit congenital scalp lesions which are atrophic, nonscarring, hairless regions that are often multiple and asymmetric in distribution, and may have associated hamartomas. (nih.gov)
  • The scapula is altered in 10% of cases, and exuberant hyperostosis may resemble neoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • citation needed] Cortical hyperostosis is a potential side effect of long-term use of prostaglandins in neonates. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the ribs are affected, costal hyperostosis can be associated with an ipsilateral exudative pleural effusion. (medscape.com)
  • an osteolytic lesion on the medial part of the left clavicle with cortical disruption was noted on a shoulder X-ray ( Figure 2 ). (panafrican-med-journal.com)
  • Fetal anemia has been attributed to bone marrow encroachment by hyperostosis. (medscape.com)
  • However, cortical hyperostosis can occur as a complication of long-term treatment (4-6 wk). (medscape.com)
  • 10. Dysplastic cortical hyperostosis: a new form of lethal neonatal dwarfism. (nih.gov)
  • Treatment of pain associated with hyperostosis is symptomatic. (nih.gov)
  • Age-linked modification of the effect of estrogen on joints and cortical bone of female mice. (nih.gov)