Ileus
Intestinal Obstruction
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Meconium
Gallstones
Postoperative Complications
Gastrointestinal Transit
Tyrphostin AG 126 inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon. (1/151)
Manipulation of the bowel during abdominal surgery leads to a period of ileus, which is most severely manifested after procedures that directly involve the colon. Ileus is associated with the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, a leukocytic infiltration into the muscularis, and the release of mediators from resident and infiltrating leukocytes that directly inhibit intestinal smooth muscle contractility. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on regulatory proteins by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) occurs at multiple steps in the signaling cascades that regulate the expression of proinflammatory genes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether inhibition of PTK activity will attenuate the inflammatory response associated with colonic ileus and lead to improved function. Using a rodent model of colonic postoperative ileus, we demonstrate that a single bolus injection of the PTK inhibitor tyrphostin AG 126 (15 mg/kg sc) before surgery significantly attenuates the surgically induced impairment of colonic contractility both in vivo and in vitro. Improvement in function was associated with a reduction in magnitude of inflammatory cell infiltrate and with a decrease in transcription of genes encoding proinflammatory mediators IL-1beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2. Furthermore, tyrphostin AG 126 pretreatment significantly inhibited activation of multifactorial transcription factor NF-kappaB, which could form the basis for reduction in proinflammatory mediator expression. These data demonstrate for the first time that inhibition of PTK activity may represent a novel approach for management of ileus in the clinical setting. (+info)Bouveret's syndrome complicated by a distal gallstone ileus. (2/151)
AIM: Gastric outlet obstruction caused by duodenal impaction of a large gallstone migrated through a cholecystoduodenal fistula has been referred as Bouveret's syndrome. Endoscopic lithotomy is the first-step treatment, however, surgery is indicated in case of failure or complication during this procedure. METHODS: We report herein an 84-year-old woman presenting with features of gastric outlet obstruction due to impacted gallstone. She underwent an endoscopic retrieval which was unsuccessful and was further complicated by distal gallstone ileus. Physical examination was irrelevant. RESULTS: Endoscopy revealed multiple erosions around the cardia, a large stone in the second part of the duodenum causing complete obstruction, and wide ulceration in the duodenal wall where the stone was impacted. Several attempts of endoscopic extraction by using foreign body forceps failed and surgical intervention was mandatory. Preoperative ultrasound evidenced pneumobilia whilst computerized tomography showed a large stone, 5 cm x 4 cm x 3 cm, logging at the proximal jejunum and another one, 2.5 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm, in the duodenal bulb causing a closed-loop syndrome. She underwent laparotomy and the jejunal stone was removed by enterotomy. Another stone reported as located in the duodenum preoperatively was found to be present in the gallbladder by intraoperative ultrasound. Therefore, cholecystoduodenal fistula was broken down, the stone was retrieved and cholecystectomy with duodenal repair was carried out. She was discharged after an uneventful postoperative course. CONCLUSION: As the simplest and the least morbid procedure, endoscopic stone retrieval should be attempted in the treatment of patients with Bouveret's syndrome. When it fails, surgical lithotomy consisting of simple enterotomy may solve the problem. Although cholecystectomy and cholecystoduodenal fistula breakdown is unnecessary in every case, conditions may urge the surgeon to perform such operations even though they carry high morbidity and mortality. (+info)Induced nitric oxide promotes intestinal inflammation following hemorrhagic shock. (3/151)
In hemorrhagic shock (HS), increased cytokine production contributes to tissue inflammation and injury through the recruitment of neutrophils [polymorphonuclear cells (PMN)]. HS stimulates the early expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that modulates proinflammatory activation after hemorrhage. Experiments were performed to determine the contribution of iNOS to gut inflammation and dysmotility after HS. Rats subjected to HS (mean arterial pressure 40 mmHg for 2.5 h followed by resuscitation and death at 4 h) demonstrated histological signs of mucosal injury, impairment of intestinal smooth muscle contractility, extravasation of PMN, and increased gut mRNA levels of ICAM-1, IL-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). In addition, DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB and Stat3, an IL-6 signaling intermediate, was significantly increased. In shocked rats treated with the selective iNOS inhibitor l-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine at the time of resuscitation, histological signs of intestinal injury and PMN infiltration were reduced and muscle contractility was almost completely restored. Selective iNOS inhibition in shocked animals reduced the binding activity of NF-kappaB and Stat3 and reduced mRNA levels of ICAM-1, IL-6, and G-CSF. The results of studies using iNOS knockout mice subjected to HS were similar. We propose that early upregulation of iNOS contributes to the inflammatory response in the gut wall and participates in the activation of signaling cascades and cytokine expression that regulate intestinal injury, PMN recruitment, and impaired gut motility. (+info)A comparison of two surgical strategies for the emergency treatment of gallstone ileus. (4/151)
INTRODUCTION: Debate currently exists regarding the appropriate surgical strategy for emergency treatment of gallstone ileus. This relates to the need for definitive biliary tract surgery after relief of mechanical obstruction. Our study reviews treatment by enterolithotomy alone and enterolithotomy combined with definitive biliary tract surgery and fistula closure to determine if there is advantage of one treatment option over the other. METHODS: The clinical, operative and follow-up data on 19 consecutive patients treated by emergency surgery for gallstone ileus from January 1992 to December 2000 was retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: There were 15 women and four men, with a mean age of 74.6 (range 62-91) years. Pre-operative diagnosis was made in only nine of 19 patients. Enterolithotomy alone (E group) was performed in seven patients and enterolithotomy with cholecystectomy and fistula closure (E+C group) in 12 patients. In the E group, more patients had significant co-morbidity as identified by poorer American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status, poorer pre-operative status (shock at presentation) than in the E+C group. Operative time was significantly shorter in the E group. However, there were no significant differences in morbidity, and both groups had zero mortality. CONCLUSION: Both procedures can be carried out safely and with zero mortality. Relief of obstruction remains the mainstay of treatment. The better surgical option in our series is enterolithotomy alone. It is safe in both low and high-risk patients, and requires a shorter operating time as it is technically less demanding. In the longer term, the remnant fistula also does not appear to lead to further complications. (+info)A prospective randomized study of laparoscopy and minilaparotomy in the management of benign adnexal masses. (5/151)
BACKGROUND: Recent prospective and randomized studies have demonstrated that laparoscopy is better than laparotomy in the treatment of benign adnexal masses. The aim of this study is to analyse the perioperative outcomes of laparoscopy and minilaparotomy in these patients, in a prospective and randomized manner. METHODS: Between January 2003 and August 2003, 100 consecutive women with a diagnosis of presumed benign adnexal mass and requiring surgical treatment were randomly assigned to minilaparotomy and laparoscopy. Randomization was centralized and computer-based. RESULTS: All operative procedures were performed without conversion to laparotomy. In the group of patients submitted to minilaparotomy, a shorter operating time than patients submitted to operative laparoscopy (mean+/-SD: 71.9+/-31.8 versus 87.0+/-44.8 min; P<0.05) was found. On the other hand, there were significant differences in terms of postoperative ileus (1.1+/-0.4 days in laparoscopy and 1.4+/-0.6 in minilaparotomy P<0.023), without affecting the day of discharge. No intraoperative or early complications were registered in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account that laparoscopy has to be considered the first choice for benign adnexal surgery, our data suggest that minilaparotomy could offer the gynaecology surgeon a valid alternative in the minimally invasive surgery field, especially in specific settings. (+info)Mechanisms of polymicrobial sepsis-induced ileus. (6/151)
Sepsis frequently occurs after hemorrhage, trauma, burn, or abdominal surgery and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in severely ill patients. We performed experiments to delineate intestinal molecular and functional motility consequences of polymicrobial sepsis in the clinically relevant cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model. CLP was performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. Gastrointestinal transit, colonic in vivo pressure recordings, and in vitro muscle contractions were recorded. Histochemistry was performed for macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils. Inflammatory gene expressions were quantified by real-time RT-PCR. CLP delayed gastrointestinal transit, decreased colonic pressures, and suppressed in vivo circular muscle contractility of the jejunum and colon over a 4-day period. A leukocytic infiltrate of monocytes and neutrophils developed over 24 h. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated a significant temporal elevation in IL-6, IL-1beta, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, with higher expression levels of IL-6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in colonic extracts compared with small intestine. Polymicrobial CLP sepsis induces a complex inflammatory response within the intestinal muscularis with the recruitment of leukocytes and elaboration of mediators that inhibit intestinal muscle function. Differences were elucidated between endotoxin and CLP models of sepsis, as well as a heterogeneous regional response of the gastrointestinal tract to CLP. Thus the intestine is not only a source of bacteremia but also an important target of bacterial products with major functional consequences to intestinal motility and the generation of cytokines, which participate in the development of multiple organ failure. (+info)Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatous angiitis) associated with T lymphoblastic lymphoma. (7/151)
We report a rare case of Churg-Strauss syndrome in a 37-year-old man, presented as ileus intestinal and associated with Tlymphoblastic lymphoma, that was located in the retroperitoneal space and infiltrated the suprarenal gland. The T lymphoblasts, with the immunohistochemical method, disclosed positivity for CD3 and CD8, while they were negative for Pan B and CD20. (+info)Alvimopan, a novel, peripherally acting mu opioid antagonist: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of major abdominal surgery and postoperative ileus. (8/151)
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that alvimopan (6 or 12 mg) accelerates recovery of gastrointestinal (GI) function in patients undergoing laparotomy for bowel resection or radical hysterectomy. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Postoperative ileus (POI) following laparotomy may increase morbidity and extend hospitalization. Opioids can contribute to the duration of POI. Alvimopan is a novel opioid receptor antagonist in development for the management of POI. METHODS: A total of 510 patients scheduled for bowel resection or radical hysterectomy were randomized (1:1:1) to receive alvimopan 6 mg, alvimopan 12 mg, or placebo orally > or =2 hours before surgery, then twice a day (b.i.d.) until hospital discharge or for up to 7 days. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of time to recovery of upper and lower GI function. An associated secondary end point was time to hospital discharge order written. RESULTS: The modified intent-to-treat population included 469 patients (451 bowel resection and 18 radical hysterectomy patients). Time to recovery of GI function was accelerated for the alvimopan 6 mg (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28; P < 0.05) and 12 mg (HR = 1.54; P < 0.001) groups with a mean difference of 15 and 22 hours, respectively, compared with placebo. The time to hospital discharge order written was also accelerated in the alvimopan 12 mg group (HR = 1.42; P = 0.003) with a mean difference of 20 hours compared with placebo. The incidence of adverse events was similar among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Alvimopan accelerated GI recovery and time to hospital discharge order written compared with placebo in patients undergoing laparotomy and was well tolerated. (+info)Ileus is a condition characterized by a lack of intestinal motility or paralysis of the bowel, leading to obstruction of the digestive tract. It is not caused by a physical blockage but rather by a disruption of the normal muscular contractions (peristalsis) that move food through the intestines. This can result in abdominal distention, vomiting, and absence of bowel movements or gas passage. Ileus can be a complication of various surgical procedures, intra-abdominal infections, or other medical conditions. It is essential to diagnose and treat ileus promptly to prevent further complications such as tissue damage, sepsis, or even death.
Intestinal obstruction, also known as bowel obstruction, is a medical condition characterized by a blockage that prevents the normal flow of contents through the small intestine or large intestine (colon). This blockage can be caused by various factors such as tumors, adhesions (scar tissue), hernias, inflammation, or impacted feces.
The obstruction can be mechanical, where something physically blocks the intestinal lumen, or functional, where the normal muscular contractions of the bowel are impaired. Mechanical obstructions are more common than functional ones.
Symptoms of intestinal obstruction may include abdominal pain and cramping, nausea and vomiting, bloating, inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement, and abdominal distention. If left untreated, intestinal obstruction can lead to serious complications such as tissue death (necrosis), perforation of the intestine, and sepsis. Treatment typically involves hospitalization, intravenous fluids, nasogastric decompression, and possibly surgery to remove the obstruction.
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction, also known as paralytic ileus or functional obstruction, is a gastrointestinal motility disorder characterized by the absence of mechanical obstruction in the intestines, but with symptoms mimicking a mechanical small bowel obstruction. These symptoms may include abdominal distention, cramping, nausea, vomiting, and constipation or difficulty passing stools.
The condition is caused by impaired intestinal motility due to dysfunction of the nerves or muscles that control the movement of food and waste through the digestive system. It can be a chronic or acute condition and may occur as a primary disorder or secondary to other medical conditions, such as surgery, trauma, infections, metabolic disorders, neurological diseases, or certain medications.
Diagnosis of intestinal pseudo-obstruction typically involves imaging studies, such as X-rays or CT scans, to rule out mechanical obstruction and confirm the presence of dilated bowel loops. Manometry and other specialized tests may also be used to assess intestinal motility. Treatment options include medications to stimulate intestinal motility, dietary modifications, and in severe cases, surgery or intravenous nutrition.
Meconium is the first stool passed by a newborn infant, typically within the first 48 hours of life. It is composed of materials ingested during fetal development, including intestinal epithelial cells, lanugo (fine hair), amniotic fluid, mucus, bile, and water. The color of meconium is usually greenish-black, and its consistency can range from a thick paste to a liquid. Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid can occur when the fetus has passed meconium while still in the uterus, which may indicate fetal distress and requires careful medical attention during delivery.
Ileal diseases refer to conditions that primarily affect the ileum, which is the final portion of the small intestine. The ileum plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption, particularly vitamin B12 and bile salts. Ileal diseases can cause various symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and malnutrition, depending on their nature and extent. Some common ileal diseases include:
1. Crohn's disease: A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileum. Crohn's disease causes chronic inflammation, which can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fatigue.
2. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals. In celiac disease, the immune system attacks the lining of the small intestine, including the ileum, causing inflammation and impaired nutrient absorption.
3. Intestinal tuberculosis: A bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileum. Intestinal tuberculosis can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
4. Typhlitis: Also known as neutropenic enterocolitis, typhlitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the cecum and terminal ileum, typically in immunocompromised individuals. It can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea.
5. Meckel's diverticulum: A congenital condition characterized by a small pouch protruding from the wall of the ileum. While many people with Meckel's diverticulum do not experience symptoms, it can sometimes become inflamed or bleed, causing abdominal pain and rectal bleeding.
6. Lymphoma: A type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system and can affect any part of the body, including the ileum. Ileal lymphoma can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Gastrointestinal motility refers to the coordinated muscular contractions and relaxations that propel food, digestive enzymes, and waste products through the gastrointestinal tract. This process involves the movement of food from the mouth through the esophagus into the stomach, where it is mixed with digestive enzymes and acids to break down food particles.
The contents are then emptied into the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed, and the remaining waste products are moved into the large intestine for further absorption of water and electrolytes and eventual elimination through the rectum and anus.
Gastrointestinal motility is controlled by a complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system, hormones, and local reflexes. Abnormalities in gastrointestinal motility can lead to various symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation.
Gallstones are small, hard deposits that form in the gallbladder, a small organ located under the liver. They can range in size from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball. Gallstones can be made of cholesterol, bile pigments, or calcium salts, or a combination of these substances.
There are two main types of gallstones: cholesterol stones and pigment stones. Cholesterol stones are the most common type and are usually yellow-green in color. They form when there is too much cholesterol in the bile, which causes it to become saturated and form crystals that eventually grow into stones. Pigment stones are smaller and darker in color, ranging from brown to black. They form when there is an excess of bilirubin, a waste product produced by the breakdown of red blood cells, in the bile.
Gallstones can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloating, especially after eating fatty foods. In some cases, gallstones can lead to serious complications, such as inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), infection, or blockage of the bile ducts, which can cause jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes.
The exact cause of gallstones is not fully understood, but risk factors include being female, older age, obesity, a family history of gallstones, rapid weight loss, diabetes, and certain medical conditions such as cirrhosis or sickle cell anemia. Treatment for gallstones may involve medication to dissolve the stones, shock wave therapy to break them up, or surgery to remove the gallbladder.
Jejunal diseases refer to a range of medical conditions that affect the jejunum, which is the middle section of the small intestine. These diseases can cause various symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. Some examples of jejunal diseases include:
1. Jejunal inflammation or infection (jejunitis)
2. Crohn's disease, which can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract including the jejunum
3. Intestinal lymphoma, a type of cancer that can develop in the small intestine
4. Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes damage to the small intestine when gluten is consumed
5. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), which can occur due to various reasons including structural abnormalities or motility disorders of the jejunum
6. Meckel's diverticulum, a congenital condition where a small pouch protrudes from the wall of the intestine, usually located in the ileum but can also affect the jejunum
7. Intestinal strictures or obstructions caused by scarring, adhesions, or tumors
8. Radiation enteritis, damage to the small intestine caused by radiation therapy for cancer treatment.
The diagnosis and management of jejunal diseases depend on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment options may include medications, dietary modifications, surgery, or a combination of these approaches.
Postoperative complications refer to any unfavorable condition or event that occurs during the recovery period after a surgical procedure. These complications can vary in severity and may include, but are not limited to:
1. Infection: This can occur at the site of the incision or inside the body, such as pneumonia or urinary tract infection.
2. Bleeding: Excessive bleeding (hemorrhage) can lead to a drop in blood pressure and may require further surgical intervention.
3. Blood clots: These can form in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) and can potentially travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism).
4. Wound dehiscence: This is when the surgical wound opens up, which can lead to infection and further complications.
5. Pulmonary issues: These include atelectasis (collapsed lung), pneumonia, or respiratory failure.
6. Cardiovascular problems: These include abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), heart attack, or stroke.
7. Renal failure: This can occur due to various reasons such as dehydration, blood loss, or the use of certain medications.
8. Pain management issues: Inadequate pain control can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and decreased mobility.
9. Nausea and vomiting: These can be caused by anesthesia, opioid pain medication, or other factors.
10. Delirium: This is a state of confusion and disorientation that can occur in the elderly or those with certain medical conditions.
Prompt identification and management of these complications are crucial to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.
Gastrointestinal transit refers to the movement of food, digestive secretions, and waste products through the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. This process involves several muscles and nerves that work together to propel the contents through the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum.
The transit time can vary depending on factors such as the type and amount of food consumed, hydration levels, and overall health. Abnormalities in gastrointestinal transit can lead to various conditions, including constipation, diarrhea, and malabsorption. Therefore, maintaining normal gastrointestinal transit is essential for proper digestion, nutrient absorption, and overall health.
A laparotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the abdominal wall to gain access to the abdominal cavity. This procedure is typically performed to diagnose and treat various conditions such as abdominal trauma, tumors, infections, or inflammatory diseases. The size of the incision can vary depending on the reason for the surgery and the extent of the condition being treated. Once the procedure is complete, the incision is closed with sutures or staples.
The term "laparotomy" comes from the Greek words "lapara," which means "flank" or "side," and "tome," which means "to cut." Together, they describe the surgical procedure that involves cutting into the abdomen to examine its contents.
The digestive system is a series of organs that work together to convert food into nutrients and energy. Digestive system surgical procedures involve operations on any part of the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. These procedures can be performed for a variety of reasons, such as to treat diseases, repair damage, or remove cancerous growths.
Some common digestive system surgical procedures include:
1. Gastric bypass surgery: A procedure in which the stomach is divided into two parts and the smaller part is connected directly to the small intestine, bypassing a portion of the stomach and upper small intestine. This procedure is used to treat severe obesity.
2. Colonoscopy: A procedure in which a flexible tube with a camera on the end is inserted into the rectum and colon to examine the lining for polyps, cancer, or other abnormalities.
3. Colectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the colon is removed, often due to cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diverticulitis.
4. Gastrostomy: A procedure in which a hole is made through the abdominal wall and into the stomach to create an opening for feeding. This is often done for patients who have difficulty swallowing.
5. Esophagectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the esophagus is removed, often due to cancer. The remaining esophagus is then reconnected to the stomach or small intestine.
6. Liver resection: A procedure in which a portion of the liver is removed, often due to cancer or other diseases.
7. Pancreatectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the pancreas is removed, often due to cancer or chronic pancreatitis.
8. Cholecystectomy: A procedure in which the gallbladder is removed, often due to gallstones or inflammation.
These are just a few examples of digestive system surgical procedures. There are many other types of operations that can be performed on the digestive system depending on the specific needs and condition of each patient.
Ileus
Gallstone ileus
Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Protriptyline
Meconium
Bowel obstruction
Spastic intestinal obstruction
Lauri Kolho
Apollo
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis
Frederick T. van Beuren Jr.
1905 in science
Dietmar Wittmann
Gastrointestinal tract
Rigler's triad
Fabian Udekwu
Anisakis
Endometriosis
Gallstone
Biliary fistula
Enterolith
IPEX syndrome
Marjorie Bick
Oral rehydration therapy
Nissen fundoplication
Lars Troell
Stomach rumble
Gayatri Devi
Intestinal atresia
Activated charcoal (medication)
Ileus - Wikipedia
Postoperative Ileus: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology
Postoperative Ileus Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies
Economic impact of alvimopan considering varying definitions of postoperative ileus | RTI
Successful endoscopic treatment of colonic gallstone ileus using electrohydraulic lithotripsy
Bouveret's Syndrome: Endoscopic and Surgical Management of a Rare Form of Gallstone Ileus - SAGES Abstract Archives
Nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis with meconium ileus: a comparison with patients without meconium ileus and...
Risk factors of postoperative ileus following laparoscopic radical cystectomy and developing a points-based risk assessment...
Fatigue and fear of eating after open radical neph and ileus - Cancer Survivors Network
Meconium Ileus - Children's Health Issues - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Are Right-Sided Colectomies for Neoplastic Disease at Increased Risk of Primary Postoperative Ileus Compared to Left-Sided...
Gum, one stick, p.o. times 1 hour, TID prn ileus
Utvärdering av radiologiska kriterier för att bedöma tillståndet ileus på hund - Epsilon Archive for Student Projects
openarchives.gr | Hypercalcemic crisis due to adult T cell leukemia: a rare cause of paralytic ileus
ileus's Journal - Democratic Underground
ileus Archives - Svet Medicine
Ileus - Undergraduate Diagnostic Imaging Fundamentals
Radiology case: Ileus, bowel ischemia
TOP ILEUS - Karinú shop online
Ileus and Bowel Obstruction | Basicmedical Key
How do you treat ileus in dogs?
Ileus - Gastrointestinal Disorders - MSD Manual Professional Edition
FDA Gives Ozempic Two Drug Safety-Related Label Changes
Download PDF) LAPORAN JAGA 01 DES 2015 (Ileus Obstruktif)
PDF) Laporan Kasus Borang Portofolio Ileus Obstruktif - DOKUMEN.TIPS
Part XV - Post Operative Ileus Complications - Meg is Well
George Ramsay | People | The University of Aberdeen
Paralytic Ileus Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Care Plan - NurseStudy.Net
Migration of gastric bezoars leading to secondary ileus<...
Surgical Aspects of Cystic Fibrosis and Meconium Ileus: Overview, Preparation, Technique
Postoperative30
- There is also evidence from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials that chewing gum, as a form of 'sham feeding', may stimulate gastrointestinal motility in the post-operative period and reduce the duration of postoperative ileus. (wikipedia.org)
- Postoperative ileus after an open cholecystectomy. (medscape.com)
- Although ileus has numerous causes, the postoperative state is the most common setting for the development of ileus. (medscape.com)
- Ileus that persists for more than 3 days following surgery is termed postoperative adynamic ileus, paralytic ileus, or functional ileus. (medscape.com)
- The clinical consequences of postoperative ileus can be profound. (medscape.com)
- Iyer et al assessed healthcare utilization and costs in colectomy surgery patients who developed postoperative ileus versus those who did not. (medscape.com)
- [ 7 ] The authors concluded that postoperative ileus in colectomy patients is a significant predictor of hospital resource utilization. (medscape.com)
- The main focus of this article is postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
- Postoperative ileus may be mediated via activation of inhibitory spinal reflex arcs. (medscape.com)
- Inflammatory markers such as interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) could help identify early the presence of protracted postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
- Age, previous abdominal surgery, and chronic preoperative use of narcotics were independently correlated with postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
- Findings from a systematic review indicate that CT scanning with Gastrografin may have the best specificity and sensitivity for differentiating between postoperative ileus and other conditions, whereas clinical findings and x-ray studies were of limited value in the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)
- Livingston EH, Passaro EP Jr. Postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
- Holte K, Kehlet H. Postoperative ileus: a preventable event. (medscape.com)
- Reducing the burden of postoperative ileus: evaluating and implementing an evidence-based strategy. (medscape.com)
- Iyer S, Saunders WB, Stemkowski S. Economic burden of postoperative ileus associated with colectomy in the United States. (medscape.com)
- Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part I. Am J Gastroenterol . (medscape.com)
- Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part II. (medscape.com)
- BACKGROUND: Prolonged postoperative ileus (POI) is the predominant cause of extended hospitalization after bowel resection surgery. (rti.org)
- Risk factors of postoperative ileus following laparoscopic radical cystectomy and developing a points-based risk assessment scale. (urotoday.com)
- Postoperative ileus (POI) is one of the most common complications after laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC). (urotoday.com)
- Are Right-Sided Colectomies for Neoplastic Disease at Increased Risk of Primary Postoperative Ileus Compared to Left-Sided Colectomies? (sages.org)
- Primary postoperative ileus (pPOI) is the most common gastrointestinal complication following colonic resection. (sages.org)
- In postoperative ileus, however, gas may accumulate more in the colon than in the small bowel. (msdmanuals.com)
- This may be prolonged in two common clinical settings: postoperative ileus and small bowel obstruction. (uea.ac.uk)
- This protocol describes the development of core outcome sets for gastrointestinal recovery in the contexts of postoperative ileus and small bowel obstruction. (uea.ac.uk)
- This protocol describes the development of core outcome sets for gastrointestinal recovery in the contexts of postoperative ileus and small bowel obstruction.Method An international Steering Group consisting of patient and clinician representatives has been established. (uea.ac.uk)
- Use of alvimopan should be restricted to patients at a higher risk of postoperative ileus following abdominal surgeries, such as hospitalized patients undergoing bowel resection with primary anastomosis. (aafp.org)
- One adverse effect of concern with opioids is the postoperative ileus (POI). (nevinmanimala.com)
- Postoperative ileus has multifactorial causes, one of which is the use of opioids for pain control. (nevinmanimala.com)
Paralytic18
- Paralysis of the intestine is often termed paralytic ileus, in which the intestinal paralysis need not be complete, but it must be sufficient to prohibit the passage of food through the intestine and lead to intestinal blockage. (wikipedia.org)
- Paralytic ileus is a common side effect of some types of surgery, commonly called postsurgical ileus. (wikipedia.org)
- Paralytic ileus causes constipation and bloating. (wikipedia.org)
- Several options are available in the case of paralytic ileus. (wikipedia.org)
- The German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) recommends obtaining CT scanning before considering endoscopic intervention to differentiate between mechanical obstruction and paralytic ileus/intestinal pseudo-obstruction. (medscape.com)
- Had a post operative paralytic ileus at home, the worst pain I've ever experienced. (cancer.org)
- On examination he had generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and paralytic ileus. (openarchives.gr)
- Can paralytic ileus be fatal? (letshealthify.com)
- Paralytic ileus is the condition where the motor activity of the bowel is impaired, usually not associated with a mechanical cause. (letshealthify.com)
- Paralytic ileus is the paralysis or occlusion of the intestines, inhibiting peristalsis or the forward pushing of intestinal contents. (nursestudy.net)
- Four out of five cases of paralytic ileus occur in the small intestines. (nursestudy.net)
- The prevalence of paralytic ileus is unknown. (nursestudy.net)
- In post-operative settings, paralytic ileus is known to last for up to three days. (nursestudy.net)
- Paralytic ileus can occur at any age and equally in both men and women. (nursestudy.net)
- In general, paralytic ileus can have functional or mechanical causes. (nursestudy.net)
- Mechanical paralytic ileus occurs when there is obstruction in the lumen of the bowel, impeding passage of its contents. (nursestudy.net)
- This form of paralytic ileus is related to having abdominal or retroperitoneal surgery or lesions. (nursestudy.net)
- In some cases of paralytic ileus, treatment may not be needed. (nursestudy.net)
Post-operative2
- My post-surgery complications started with pancreatitis and then after my ileostomy takedown surgery , morphed into multiple battles with post operative ileus. (megiswell.com)
- That was the beginning of my brutal first round of post operative ileus. (megiswell.com)
Intestinal obstruction1
- Meconium ileus is among the most common causes of intestinal obstruction in the newborn, accounting for 9-33% of neonatal intestinal obstructions. (medscape.com)
Meconium ileus14
- Some authors have argued for trying to reserve the term for the impaired-peristalsis senses, under which prescription certain older terms such as "gallstone ileus" and "meconium ileus", although now technically misnomers, are still accepted as correct owing to their long-established usage. (wikipedia.org)
- This study was pursued as an extension of a randomized clinical investigation of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis (CF). The objective was to determine if CF patients with meconium ileus (MI) were more likely to be malnourished compared with those without MI who were diagnosed during early infancy through neonatal screening. (nih.gov)
- Meconium ileus is blockage of the small intestine in a newborn caused by excessively thick intestinal contents (meconium), usually as a result of cystic fibrosis. (msdmanuals.com)
- Meconium ileus usually results from cystic fibrosis. (msdmanuals.com)
- This blockage is referred to as meconium ileus. (msdmanuals.com)
- Newborns with meconium ileus almost always develop other symptoms of cystic fibrosis later. (msdmanuals.com)
- is similar to meconium ileus except that it is the large intestine that is blocked by meconium. (msdmanuals.com)
- However, newborns with meconium ileus do not pass meconium within this time frame and also have symptoms of intestinal blockage, including vomiting and abdominal swelling. (msdmanuals.com)
- A possible meconium ileus diagnosis should raise the suspicion of CF in the fetus. (medscape.com)
- Antenatal diagnosis of meconium ileus can be confirmed in 2 groups. (medscape.com)
- In the low-risk group, the diagnosis is suspected when routine prenatal ultrasonography reveals the sonographic appearances of meconium ileus. (medscape.com)
- Surgery is always indicated for complicated meconium ileus. (medscape.com)
- Complicated meconium ileus requires resection more often than simple meconium ileus and always requires temporary stomas. (medscape.com)
- Infants with meconium ileus are at risk for cholestasis, particularly if they have received or are receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). (medscape.com)
Gastric3
- Horses experiencing ileus are at risk for gastric rupture due to rapid reflux build-up, and require intense medical management with frequent nasogastric intubation. (wikipedia.org)
- Bouveret's Syndrome is a rare form of gallstone ileus in which an impaction of a gallstone in the duodenum results in a gastric outlet obstruction. (sages.org)
- With endoscopy manipulation and chemical dissolution, such as with Coca-Cola, to disintegrate the gastric bezoars, the possibility that fragmented residuals may coalesce in the small intestine causing ileus should be considered when a patient presents with abdominal obstruction symptoms after these procedures. (tmu.edu.tw)
Small intestine2
- Their conclusion was that, using their method, the number 1,6 should be considered upper limit for a normal diameter of the small intestine, with 2,0 as a definite ileus. (slu.se)
- Canine parvovirus can cause hypomotility (functional ileus) of the small intestine as a consequence of severe intestinal inflammation/necrosis secondary to viral infection. (letshealthify.com)
Complications2
- Patients with ileus are immobilized, have discomfort and pain, and are at increased risk for pulmonary complications. (medscape.com)
- CDI-related complications, such as toxic megacolon and ileus, were rare. (cdc.gov)
Clinical2
- Although the exact pathogenesis of ileus remains multifactorial and complex, the clinical picture appears to be transiently impaired propulsion of intestinal contents. (medscape.com)
- ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Transnasal ileus tube placement under fluoroscopy guidance is a standard clinical procedure for bowel obstruction. (bvsalud.org)
20231
- citation needed] In 2023 The US FDA reported gastrointestinal ileus as an adverse effect of the medication semaglutide, with frequency and causal relationship unknown. (wikipedia.org)
Colorectal surgery2
- Ileus Management International (IMAGINE): protocol for a multicentre, observational study of ileus after colorectal surgery. (medscape.com)
- Is gum chewing useful for ileus after elective colorectal surgery? (medscape.com)
Gallstone3
- Multidetector CT (MDCT) scanning has the potential to be an effective and reliable tool in the early identification of chronic gallstone perforation and ileus. (medscape.com)
- Gallstone ileus accounts for approximately 2-3% of all cases of small bowel obstruction. (sages.org)
- Bouveret's syndrome is a rare variant of gallstone ileus. (sages.org)
Elective colorectal1
- Indeed, ileus is an expected consequence of abdominal surgery, with the most common being elective colorectal resection. (medscape.com)
Bowel obstruction3
- Symptoms of ileus include, but are not limited to:[citation needed] moderate to severe, diffuse abdominal pain constipation abdominal distension nausea/vomiting, especially after meals vomiting of bilious fluid (green or yellowish-green in colour) flatulence and/or lack of bowel movement excessive belching Decreased propulsive ability may be broadly classified as caused either by bowel obstruction or intestinal atony or paralysis. (wikipedia.org)
- Ileus occurs from hypomotility of the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of mechanical bowel obstruction. (medscape.com)
- Small bowel dilation related to an ileus usually does not dilate as greatly as that seen in mechanical bowel obstruction. (pressbooks.pub)
Intestine2
- Ileus is a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the intestine. (wikipedia.org)
- When your intestine stops making those wave-like movements for a while, it's called ileus. (letshealthify.com)
Incidence1
- Considering the high incidence of ileus in our center and the association we found between the use of opioids and ileus, further studies should look at the doses of opioids used and whether alternative analgesic methods might result in less ileus. (nevinmanimala.com)
Hospitalization1
- Does ileus require hospitalization? (letshealthify.com)
Opioids1
- Treatment of ileus involves continuous nasogastric suction, nothing by mouth, IV fluids and electrolytes, a minimal amount of sedatives, and avoidance of opioids and anticholinergic medications. (msdmanuals.com)
Adynamic2
- Adynamic ileus. (pressbooks.pub)
- A generalized adynamic ileus is almost always the result of abdominal or pelvic surgery, in which the bowel is manipulated during the surgery. (pressbooks.pub)
Surgery2
- [ 2 ] Frequently, ileus occurs after major abdominal operations, but it may also occur after retroperitoneal and extra-abdominal surgery, as well as general anesthesia alone. (medscape.com)
- The longest duration of ileus is noted to occur after colon and rectal surgery. (medscape.com)
Occurs1
- Ileus occurs when the intestines do not move food through in the usual way. (letshealthify.com)
Laparoscopic1
- [ 3 , 4 ] Laparoscopic colon resection has been associated with shorter periods of ileus than open colon and rectal resection. (medscape.com)
Peritoneal1
- The authors report that a "major cause of death was construction ileus due to severe peritoneal adhesion. (cdc.gov)
Resolves1
- [ 1 ] Physiologic ileus spontaneously resolves within 2-3 days, after sigmoid motility returns to normal. (medscape.com)
Symptoms2
- Should ileus remain for several days or symptoms continue to worsen despite management, further investigation and imaging is warranted. (letshealthify.com)
- Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most common signs of an ileus. (letshealthify.com)
Functional3
- Ileus is a cause of colic in horses due to functional obstruction of the intestines. (wikipedia.org)
- How is functional ileus treated in dogs? (letshealthify.com)
- Functional ileus, on the other hand, is related to the reduced contraction of the smooth muscles of the bowel wall. (nursestudy.net)
Radiography1
- The aim of this study was to decide whether or not small animal clinicians with access to radiography are familiar with, and use, the quantitative measurement that Graham et al have developed for diagnosing ileus in dogs, and to see if there are other methods or diagnostic signs used, that are just as good for this purpose as the method of Graham et al. (slu.se)
Edema1
- it draws water from the bowel wall in to the lumen - this reduces the bowel wall edema and may help in resolution of the ileus. (medscape.com)
Inflammatory1
- The surgical stress response leads to systemic generation of endocrine and inflammatory mediators that also promote the development of ileus. (medscape.com)
19901
- [ 6 ] In 1990, Livingston and Passaro estimated that ileus costs $750 million annually ($1500 per patient) in the United States. (medscape.com)
Temporary1
- Ileus is a temporary arrest of intestinal peristalsis. (msdmanuals.com)
Risk1
- The correlation between candidate risk factors and ileus was analyzed by multivariable binary logistic regression. (urotoday.com)
Adverse1
- The second addition concerns a new adverse reaction identified during the postmarketing experience: gastrointestinal ileus. (medscape.com)