Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.
The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. Each maxillary sinus communicates with the middle passage (meatus) of the NASAL CAVITY on the same side.
Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Diseases affecting or involving the PARANASAL SINUSES and generally manifesting as inflammation, abscesses, cysts, or tumors.
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in the MAXILLARY SINUS. In many cases, it is caused by an infection of the bacteria HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; or STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.
A branch of the external carotid artery which distributes to the deep structures of the face (internal maxillary) and to the side of the face and nose (external maxillary).
One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.
Air-filled spaces located within the bones around the NASAL CAVITY. They are extensions of the nasal cavity and lined by the ciliated NASAL MUCOSA. Each sinus is named for the cranial bone in which it is located, such as the ETHMOID SINUS; the FRONTAL SINUS; the MAXILLARY SINUS; and the SPHENOID SINUS.
Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.
Maxillary diseases refer to various medical conditions primarily affecting the maxilla (upper jaw) bone, including inflammatory processes, tumors, cysts, or traumatic injuries, which may cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, or functional impairment.
Guided BONE TRANSPLANTATION of the MAXILLARY SINUS surface with a BONE SUBSTITUTE grafting. It increases the bone volume at the site of the DENTAL IMPLANT and helps stabilize it.
Most common follicular odontogenic cyst. Occurs in relation to a partially erupted or unerupted tooth with at least the crown of the tooth to which the cyst is attached protruding into the cystic cavity. May give rise to an ameloblastoma and, in rare instances, undergo malignant transformation.
The total absence of teeth from either the mandible or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.
One of the paired, but seldom symmetrical, air spaces located between the inner and outer compact layers of the FRONTAL BONE in the forehead.
Insertion of an implant into the bone of the mandible or maxilla. The implant has an exposed head which protrudes through the mucosa and is a prosthodontic abutment.
The intermediate sensory division of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The maxillary nerve carries general afferents from the intermediate region of the face including the lower eyelid, nose and upper lip, the maxillary teeth, and parts of the dura.
Surgery performed on the ear and its parts, the nose and nasal cavity, or the throat, including surgery of the adenoids, tonsils, pharynx, and trachea.
Large endothelium-lined venous channels situated between the two layers of DURA MATER, the endosteal and the meningeal layers. They are devoid of valves and are parts of the venous system of dura mater. Major cranial sinuses include a postero-superior group (such as superior sagittal, inferior sagittal, straight, transverse, and occipital) and an antero-inferior group (such as cavernous, petrosal, and basilar plexus).
The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.
Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.
A fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity.
An abnormality in the direction of a TOOTH ERUPTION.
Biocompatible materials placed into (endosseous) or onto (subperiosteal) the jawbone to support a crown, bridge, or artificial tooth, or to stabilize a diseased tooth.
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA in one or more of the PARANASAL SINUSES.
A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th ed)
The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.
Preprosthetic surgery involving rib, cartilage, or iliac crest bone grafts, usually autologous, or synthetic implants for rebuilding the alveolar ridge.
The numerous (6-12) small thin-walled spaces or air cells in the ETHMOID BONE located between the eyes. These air cells form an ethmoidal labyrinth.
Surgery necessary for a denture to rest on a firm base, free from marked osseous protuberances or undercuts, and devoid of interfering muscle attachments, excess mucoperiosteum, hyperplasias, and fibrous or papillary growths.
Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)
The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)
An irregularly shaped venous space in the dura mater at either side of the sphenoid bone.
Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.
The dilatation of the aortic wall behind each of the cusps of the aortic valve.
Computed tomography modalities which use a cone or pyramid-shaped beam of radiation.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Either of a pair of bones that form the prominent part of the CHEEK and contribute to the ORBIT on each side of the SKULL.
Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the TOOTH ROOT.
A tooth that is prevented from erupting by a physical barrier, usually other teeth. Impaction may also result from orientation of the tooth in an other than vertical position in the periodontal structures.
The dilated portion of the common carotid artery at its bifurcation into external and internal carotids. It contains baroreceptors which, when stimulated, cause slowing of the heart, vasodilatation, and a fall in blood pressure.
The third tooth to the left and to the right of the midline of either jaw, situated between the second INCISOR and the premolar teeth (BICUSPID). (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p817)
An orthodontic method used for correcting narrow or collapsed maxillary arches and functional cross-bite. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry),
Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.
The structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It consists of the anterior hard palate (PALATE, HARD) and the posterior soft palate (PALATE, SOFT).
One of the paired air spaces located in the body of the SPHENOID BONE behind the ETHMOID BONE in the middle of the skull. Sphenoid sinus communicates with the posterosuperior part of NASAL CAVITY on the same side.
One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822)
Extraoral body-section radiography depicting an entire maxilla, or both maxilla and mandible, on a single film.
The closeness of a determined value of a physical dimension to the actual value.
The curve formed by the row of TEETH in their normal position in the JAW. The inferior dental arch is formed by the mandibular teeth, and the superior dental arch by the maxillary teeth.
Peculiarities associated with the internal structure, form, topology, or architecture of organisms that distinguishes them from others of the same species or group.
A benign tumor composed of bone tissue or a hard tumor of bonelike structure developing on a bone (homoplastic osteoma) or on other structures (heteroplastic osteoma). (From Dorland, 27th ed)
A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. Coronary sinus, normally located between the LEFT ATRIUM and LEFT VENTRICLE on the posterior surface of the heart, can serve as an anatomical reference for cardiac procedures.
Recession of the eyeball into the orbit.
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.
Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.
Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.
The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.
Disorders of the nose, general or unspecified.
The grafting or inserting of a prosthetic device of alloplastic material into the oral tissue beneath the mucosal or periosteal layer or within the bone. Its purpose is to provide support and retention to a partial or complete denture.
Formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the CRANIAL SINUSES, large endothelium-lined venous channels situated within the SKULL. Intracranial sinuses, also called cranial venous sinuses, include the superior sagittal, cavernous, lateral, petrous sinuses, and many others. Cranial sinus thrombosis can lead to severe HEADACHE; SEIZURE; and other neurological defects.
The measurement of the dimensions of the HEAD.
Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.
Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.

The pterygopalatine fossa: postoperative MR imaging appearance. (1/88)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is an important anatomic location of the deep portion of the face. It is essential to review this area on both pre- and posttreatment studies of head and neck malignancies to assess local extent of disease or recurrence and perineural tumor spread. The purpose of this study was to review the postoperative appearance of the PPF on MR images. METHODS: Imaging and clinical data of 10 patients who underwent surgical resection of tumor in which the PPF was violated at surgery were reviewed. Patients were included in the study if there was no imaging or clinical evidence of tumor in the PPF pre- or postoperatively. Postoperative MR studies were examined to assess the appearance of the PPF. RESULTS: The PPF is consistently and persistently abnormal after surgical violation. There is loss of the normal T1 signal hyperintensity and abnormal, increased contrast enhancement, as seen on fat-suppressed T1-weighted images. These postoperative changes are strikingly similar to those of tumor involvement. CONCLUSION: After surgical violation, the PPF will always appear abnormal on MR images, and the expected imaging findings must be recognized to avoid the misdiagnosis of tumor recurrence.  (+info)

Gamma-rays enhance rAAV-mediated transgene expression and cytocidal effect of AAV-HSVtk/ganciclovir on cancer cells. (2/88)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector has several unique properties suited for gene therapy applications. However, relatively low efficiency of transgene expression, which is mainly due to a limited second-strand synthesis from the single-stranded AAV genome, can be a problem in some applications that require potent gene expression such as antitumor applications. Recently, gamma-ray irradiation has been reported to enhance the second-strand synthesis of the AAV genome, and consequently transgene expression. We demonstrate here that an AAV vector harboring the herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase (HSVtk) is able to kill cancer cells more efficiently when used in combination with gamma-ray irradiation. A human maxillary sinus cancer cell line, NKO-1, was efficiently killed in combination with HSVtk transduction and ganciclovir (GCV), as expected. More importantly, gamma-ray irradiation of practical dosages augmented the cytocidal effect of the HSVtk/GCV system. Southern analysis indicated that gamma-rays enhanced the double-strand synthesis of the rAAV genome in NKO-1 cells. These findings suggest that the combination of rAAVtk/GCV suicide gene therapy with radiotherapy has synergistic effects in the treatment of cancers and may lead to a reduction of the potential toxicity of both rAAVtk/GCV and gamma-ray irradiation.  (+info)

Influence of postsurgical residual tumor volume on local control in radiotherapy for maxillary sinus cancer. (3/88)

BACKGROUND: The aim was to study the influence of postsurgical gross residual tumor volume on local control of maxillary sinus cancer treated with radiotherapy combined with debulking surgery. METHODS: Forty-three patients who underwent combined surgery and radiotherapy (50-72 Gy, median 60 Gy) for squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus were reviewed. Gross residual tumor volume (GRTV) after surgery was measured on computed tomograms obtained during the radiotherapy planning. Patients were classified according to GRTV as follows: group AA, GRTV = 0 (microscopic residual, n = 2); group A, GRTV < 10 cm3 (n = 24); group B, 10-40 cm3 (n = 9); and group C, > or = 40 cm3 (n = 8). The relationship between local control and GRTV was analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The 2-year local control rate for all patients was 62%. The differences in local control rates between groups AA, A and B were not significant (P > 0.05), but the rate was significantly lower in group C than in the other groups (69% at 2 years vs 31% at 1 year, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that GRTV (P = 0.002) and histological differentiation (poorly differentiated histology was favorable, P = 0.035) were independent prognostic factors and that intra-arterial chemotherapy and administered total dose were not. Local control in groups A and B significantly depended on the total dose of radiotherapy, with 2-year control rates of patients receiving 50 Gy (n = 6) and > or = 60 Gy (n = 27) of 17% vs 79%, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that adequate, not complete, debulking associated with a total radiotherapy dose of > or = 60 Gy can provide satisfactory local control for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus.  (+info)

Results of multimodality therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus. (4/88)

BACKGROUND: A wide variety of modalities, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, alone or in combination, have been used for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the maxillary sinus to obtain better local control and maintain functions. However, there is still much controversy with regard to the optimum treatment. METHODS: From 1987 to 1999, 33 patients with SCC of maxillary sinus were treated at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital. The treatment consisted of 30-40 grays (Gy) of preoperative radiotherapy with concomitant intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin followed by surgery and 30-40 Gy of postoperative radiotherapy, for tumors without skull base invasion. For tumors invading the skull base, preoperative systemic chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy was performed, instead of intraarterial chemotherapy, then followed by skull base surgery. The surgical procedures varied according to the extent of tumor. Results were compared with those of the 108 patients treated in our hospital from 1976 to 1982. RESULTS: Partial maxillectomy was performed in 2 T2 patients and 12 T3 patients. Total maxillectomy was performed in 1 T2 patient, 3 T2 patients, and 7 T4 patients. Skull base surgery was performed in eight T4 patients. Orbital content and hard palate were preserved in 22 patients and 18 patients, respectively. The overall 5-year survival rates were 86% in T 3 patients and 67 % in T4 patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our multimodal treatment has provided favorable local control and survival outcome with good functional results.  (+info)

Prognostic value of p53 mutations, bax, and spontaneous apoptosis in maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. (5/88)

BACKGROUND: Many researchers have attempted to correlate p53 mutation and spontaneous apoptosis with the effectiveness of radiochemotherapy and with prognosis in several malignancies. METHODS: The current study group consisted of 70 Japanese patients with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Fifty seven patients were treated with radiochemotherapy followed by total or partial maxillectomy, and the remaining 13 patients were treated with radiotherapy alone. Tumor biopsy specimens at pretreatment status were examined for apoptosis-related proteins such as p53 protein, Fas, bax, bcl-x, and apoptosis using immunohistologic methods. The proportion of apoptotic cells labeled by single stranded DNA antibody was expressed as an apoptotic index (AI). p53 mutations at exons 5 through 8 were analyzed by direct sequence on polymerase chain reaction amplified products obtained from laser microdissected tissues. The effectiveness of radiochemotherapy was investigated histologically on surgically dissected specimens. RESULTS: p53 mutations were identified in 20 (29%) of 70 patients. p53 protein was overexpressed in 39 patients (56%), Fas in 20 patients (29%), bax in 40 patients (57%), and bcl-x in 33 patients (47%). Overexpression of bax was associated with negativity of bcl-x (P = 0.015) and with high AI (P = 0.024). Low AI and/or p53 mutation in the pretreatment tissues correlated with low histologic effectiveness of radiochemotherapy (P = 0.048, P = 0.019, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis as well as univariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that low histologic effectiveness of radiochemotherapy (P = 0.0281, P = 0.0284, respectively), p53 mutations (P = 0.0095, P = 0.0187, respectively), negativity of bax (P = 0.0069, P = 0.0191, respectively), and low AI (P = 0.0134, P = 0.0407, respectively) were significantly related to worse disease-free survival. Multivariate analysis showed AI as an independent factor predicting for disease-free survival (P = 0.0455). CONCLUSIONS: The p53 mutations, expression of bax, and levels of spontaneous apoptosis have prognostic value in maxillary sinus SCC; AI especially is an independent factor for disease-free survival. A high level of spontaneous apoptosis induced by overexpression of bax may increase sensitivity of radiochemotherapy resulting in good prognosis, while p53 mutation may lead to resistance against radiochemotherapy, resulting in poor prognosis.  (+info)

Bimaxillary chondrosarcoma: clinical, radiologic, and histologic correlation. (6/88)

In this report, we describe an unusual case of chondrosarcoma that involved the entire bimaxillary and nasal skeleton. The pathogenesis, correlation of histopathology with radiology, and management of chondrosarcoma are reviewed.  (+info)

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy cytology of malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract. (7/88)

BACKGROUND: Primary and metastatic malignancies that originate in the sinonasal tract are rare and histologically diverse. The role of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and the cytomorphologic features of these tumors have not been specifically addressed. METHODS: The authors reviewed 22 cytology cases (20 FNABs, 1 sputum sample, and 1 pleural fluid sample) from 18 patients with malignancies originating in the sinonasal tract (17 carcinomas, 3 melanomas, and 2 sarcomas) and assessed the cytomorphology, cytohistologic correlation, and ability of cytology to render a specific diagnosis. RESULTS: Primary and metastastic sites sampled by FNAB included masses in or around the nose (n = 2), orbit (2), maxillary sinus (2), frontal sinus (1), intraoral area (1), preauricular area (1), soft tissue neck masses, parotid and lymph nodes (10), and cervical spine (1). Exfoliative cytology was positive in two samples of sputum and pleural fluid, representing the initial cancer diagnosis before the sinonasal primary tumor was detected. Seventeen of 22 (77.3%) cases were classified as carcinoma not otherwise specified, carcinoma with specific differentiation, sarcoma, or melanoma. Cytology failed to correctly classify the specific subtype of three carcinomas. The cytologic features that were evaluated included cellularity, cellular arrangement, nuclear features, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, and the background appearance. CONCLUSIONS: Sinonasal tract malignancies demonstrate a wide range of cytologic findings but specific features allowing for an accurate and definitive diagnosis are often present in many tumors. Fine-needle aspiration cytology is an important diagnostic tool in the management of sinonasal malignancies and can be complemented by the use of ancillary studies for the diagnosis of poorly differentiated or nonepithelial tumors.  (+info)

Recurrent desmoplastic ameloblastoma of the maxilla: a case report. (8/88)

A case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma recurring within 2 months of curettage is presented. This tumour appeared in the premolar region of the left maxilla with involvement of the antrum. The 24-year-old female patient was initially treated by curettage with wide surgical margins. Later, partial maxillectomy was carried out followed immediately by iliac bone graft. The case was followed with periodic plain radiography and computed tomography. The presence of a pulpally infected premolar and the atypical radiographic appearance obscured the disease. The biologic profile of this tumour is not fully understood because of the limited number of reported cases, coupled with inadequate long-term follow-up. A review of the lesion with emphasis on the pathogenesis of recurrence is discussed.  (+info)

Maxillary sinus neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the maxillary sinuses, which are located in the upper part of your cheekbones, below your eyes. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Benign neoplasms may include conditions such as an osteoma (a benign bone tumor), a papilloma (a benign growth of the lining of the sinus), or a fibrous dysplasia (a condition where bone is replaced by fibrous tissue).

Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, can be primary (originating in the maxillary sinuses) or secondary (spreading to the maxillary sinuses from another site in the body). Common types of malignant tumors that arise in the maxillary sinus include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Symptoms of maxillary sinus neoplasms may include nasal congestion, nosebleeds, facial pain or numbness, vision changes, and difficulty swallowing or speaking. Treatment options depend on the type, size, and location of the tumor but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

The maxillary sinuses, also known as the antrums of Highmore, are the largest of the four pairs of paranasal sinuses located in the maxilla bones. They are air-filled cavities that surround the nasolacrimal duct and are situated superior to the upper teeth and lateral to the nasal cavity. Each maxillary sinus is lined with a mucous membrane, which helps to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. Inflammation or infection of the maxillary sinuses can result in conditions such as sinusitis, leading to symptoms like facial pain, headaches, and nasal congestion.

Paranasal sinus neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop within the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located inside the skull near the nasal cavity. These tumors can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and they can arise from various types of tissue within the sinuses, such as the lining of the sinuses (mucosa), bone, or other soft tissues.

Paranasal sinus neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including nasal congestion, nosebleeds, facial pain or numbness, and visual disturbances. The diagnosis of these tumors typically involves a combination of imaging studies (such as CT or MRI scans) and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the tumor. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches, depending on the specific type and stage of the neoplasm.

Paranasal sinus diseases refer to a group of medical conditions that affect the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located within the skull near the nasal cavity. These sinuses include the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses.

Paranasal sinus diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, allergies, structural abnormalities, or autoimmune disorders. Some common paranasal sinus diseases include:

1. Sinusitis: Inflammation or infection of the sinuses, which can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, thick nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, and reduced sense of smell.
2. Nasal polyps: Soft, benign growths that develop in the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses, which can obstruct airflow and cause difficulty breathing through the nose.
3. Sinonasal tumors: Abnormal growths that can be benign or malignant, which can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, and bleeding from the nose.
4. Sinus cysts: Fluid-filled sacs that form in the sinuses, which can cause symptoms similar to those of sinusitis.
5. Fungal sinusitis: Infection of the sinuses with fungi, which can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, and thick, discolored mucus.

Treatment for paranasal sinus diseases depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Treatment options may include medications, such as antibiotics, antihistamines, or corticosteroids, as well as surgical intervention in more severe cases.

Maxillary sinusitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation or infection of the maxillary sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located in the upper part of the cheekbones. These sinuses are lined with mucous membranes that produce mucus to help filter and humidify the air we breathe.

When the maxillary sinuses become inflamed or infected, they can fill with fluid and pus, leading to symptoms such as:

* Pain or pressure in the cheeks, upper teeth, or behind the eyes
* Nasal congestion or stuffiness
* Runny nose or postnasal drip
* Reduced sense of smell or taste
* Headache or facial pain
* Fatigue or fever (in cases of bacterial infection)

Maxillary sinusitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and may also result from allergies, structural abnormalities, or exposure to environmental irritants such as smoke or pollution. Treatment typically involves managing symptoms with over-the-counter remedies or prescription medications, such as decongestants, antihistamines, or antibiotics. In some cases, more invasive treatments such as sinus surgery may be necessary.

The maxillary artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies the deep structures of the face and head. It originates from the external carotid artery just below the neck of the mandible and passes laterally to enter the parotid gland. Within the gland, it gives off several branches, including the deep auricular, anterior tympanic, and middle meningeal arteries.

After leaving the parotid gland, the maxillary artery travels through the infratemporal fossa, where it gives off several more branches, including the inferior alveolar, buccinator, and masseteric arteries. These vessels supply blood to the teeth, gums, and muscles of mastication.

The maxillary artery also gives off the sphenopalatine artery, which supplies the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and palate. Additionally, it provides branches that supply the meninges, dura mater, and brain. Overall, the maxillary artery plays a critical role in providing blood flow to many structures in the head and neck region.

The maxilla is a paired bone that forms the upper jaw in vertebrates. In humans, it is a major bone in the face and plays several important roles in the craniofacial complex. Each maxilla consists of a body and four processes: frontal process, zygomatic process, alveolar process, and palatine process.

The maxillae contribute to the formation of the eye sockets (orbits), nasal cavity, and the hard palate of the mouth. They also contain the upper teeth sockets (alveoli) and help form the lower part of the orbit and the cheekbones (zygomatic arches).

Here's a quick rundown of its key functions:

1. Supports the upper teeth and forms the upper jaw.
2. Contributes to the formation of the eye sockets, nasal cavity, and hard palate.
3. Helps shape the lower part of the orbit and cheekbones.
4. Partakes in the creation of important sinuses, such as the maxillary sinus, which is located within the body of the maxilla.

Paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities in the skull that surround the nasal cavity. There are four pairs of paranasal sinuses, including the maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses. These sinuses help to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. They also contribute to our voice resonance and provide a slight cushioning effect for the skull. The openings of the paranasal sinuses lead directly into the nasal cavity, allowing mucus produced in the sinuses to drain into the nose. Infections or inflammation of the paranasal sinuses can result in conditions such as sinusitis.

Maxillary neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the maxilla, which is the upper jaw bone. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and spread to distant sites.

Maxillary neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as swelling, pain, numbness, loose teeth, or difficulty in chewing or swallowing. They may also cause nasal congestion, nosebleeds, or visual changes if they affect the eye or orbit. The diagnosis of maxillary neoplasms usually involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the tumor.

Treatment options for maxillary neoplasms depend on several factors, including the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences. Treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or metastasis and ensure optimal outcomes.

Maxillary diseases refer to conditions that affect the maxilla, which is the upper bone of the jaw. This bone plays an essential role in functions such as biting, chewing, and speaking, and also forms the upper part of the oral cavity, houses the upper teeth, and supports the nose and the eyes.

Maxillary diseases can be caused by various factors, including infections, trauma, tumors, congenital abnormalities, or systemic conditions. Some common maxillary diseases include:

1. Maxillary sinusitis: Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located within the maxilla, can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain, and headaches.
2. Periodontal disease: Infection and inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth, including the gums and the alveolar bone (which is part of the maxilla), can lead to tooth loss and other complications.
3. Maxillary fractures: Trauma to the face can result in fractures of the maxilla, which can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty breathing or speaking.
4. Maxillary cysts and tumors: Abnormal growths in the maxilla can be benign or malignant and may require surgical intervention.
5. Oral cancer: Cancerous lesions in the oral cavity, including the maxilla, can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty swallowing or speaking.

Treatment for maxillary diseases depends on the specific condition and its severity. Treatment options may include antibiotics, surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices can help prevent many maxillary diseases.

Sinus floor augmentation, also known as sinus lift or maxillary sinus floor elevation, is a surgical procedure in dental medicine that aims to increase the amount of bone in the upper jaw (maxilla) in the area of the premolars and molars. This procedure is typically performed in preparation for dental implant placement in cases where there is insufficient bone height or density due to alveolar bone resorption, anatomical variations such as pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, or complications from previous oral surgery.

During the sinus floor augmentation procedure, a small opening is made in the upper jawbone, usually through the side of the mouth (buccal approach) or from inside the mouth (crestal approach). The membrane lining the sinus cavity (sinus membrane or Schneiderian membrane) is carefully lifted and detached from the underlying bone, creating a space between the sinus floor and the jawbone. Bone graft material, which can be autogenous (patient's own), allogeneic (donor-derived), xenogeneic (animal-derived), or synthetic, is then placed into this space to stimulate new bone growth. The opening in the jawbone is then closed with sutures, and a healing period follows before dental implant placement can be considered.

The primary goal of sinus floor augmentation is to provide adequate bone volume and quality for successful dental implant integration and long-term stability.

A dentigerous cyst is a type of odontogenic cyst that forms around the crown of an unerupted tooth. It is typically slow-growing and often asymptomatic, but it can cause displacement or resorption of adjacent teeth if it becomes large enough. Dentigerous cysts are more common in permanent teeth than primary teeth, and they are more likely to occur in the mandible (lower jaw) than the maxilla (upper jaw). They are usually diagnosed through radiographic examination and can be treated by surgical removal of the cyst along with the affected tooth. If left untreated, dentigerous cysts can continue to grow and may eventually develop into a tumor or cancer.

"Edentulous jaw" is a medical term used to describe a jaw that is missing all of its natural teeth. The term "edentulous" is derived from the Latin word "edentulus," which means "without teeth." This condition can affect either the upper jaw (maxilla) or the lower jaw (mandible), or both, resulting in a significant impact on an individual's ability to eat, speak, and maintain proper facial structure.

Edentulism is often associated with aging, as tooth loss becomes more common in older adults due to factors like gum disease, tooth decay, and injury. However, it can also affect younger individuals who have lost their teeth due to various reasons. Dental professionals typically recommend the use of dentures or dental implants to restore oral function and aesthetics for patients with edentulous jaws.

A frontal sinus is a paired, air-filled paranasal sinus located in the frontal bone of the skull, above the eyes and behind the forehead. It is one of the four pairs of sinuses found in the human head. The frontal sinuses are lined with mucous membrane and are interconnected with the nasal cavity through small openings called ostia. They help to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe, and contribute to the resonance of our voice. Variations in size, shape, and asymmetry of frontal sinuses are common among individuals.

Endosseous dental implantation is a medical procedure that involves the placement of an artificial tooth root (dental implant) directly into the jawbone. The term "endosseous" refers to the surgical placement of the implant within the bone (endo- meaning "within" and -osseous meaning "bony"). This type of dental implant is the most common and widely used method for replacing missing teeth.

During the procedure, a small incision is made in the gum tissue to expose the jawbone, and a hole is drilled into the bone to receive the implant. The implant is then carefully positioned and secured within the bone. Once the implant has integrated with the bone (a process that can take several months), a dental crown or bridge is attached to the implant to restore function and aesthetics to the mouth.

Endosseous dental implantation is a safe and effective procedure that has a high success rate, making it an excellent option for patients who are missing one or more teeth due to injury, decay, or other causes.

The maxillary nerve, also known as the second division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V2), is a primary sensory nerve that provides innervation to the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, part of the cheek, upper lip, and roof of the mouth. It also supplies sensory fibers to the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, palate, and upper teeth. Furthermore, it contributes motor innervation to the muscles involved in chewing (muscles of mastication), specifically the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani. The maxillary nerve originates from the trigeminal ganglion and passes through the foramen rotundum in the skull before reaching its target areas.

Otorhinolaryngologic surgical procedures are surgeries that are performed on the head and neck region, specifically involving the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) regions. This field is also known as otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. The procedures can range from relatively minor ones, such as removing a small nasal polyp or inserting ear tubes, to more complex surgeries like cochlear implantation, endoscopic sinus surgery, or removal of tumors in the head and neck region. These surgical procedures are typically performed by specialized physicians called otorhinolaryngologists (also known as ENT surgeons) who have completed extensive training in this area.

Cranial sinuses are a part of the venous system in the human head. They are air-filled spaces located within the skull and are named according to their location. The cranial sinuses include:

1. Superior sagittal sinus: It runs along the top of the brain, inside the skull, and drains blood from the scalp and the veins of the brain.
2. Inferior sagittal sinus: It runs along the bottom of the brain and drains into the straight sinus.
3. Straight sinus: It is located at the back of the brain and receives blood from the inferior sagittal sinus and great cerebral vein.
4. Occipital sinuses: They are located at the back of the head and drain blood from the scalp and skull.
5. Cavernous sinuses: They are located on each side of the brain, near the temple, and receive blood from the eye and surrounding areas.
6. Sphenoparietal sinus: It is a small sinus that drains blood from the front part of the brain into the cavernous sinus.
7. Petrosquamosal sinuses: They are located near the ear and drain blood from the scalp and skull.

The cranial sinuses play an essential role in draining blood from the brain and protecting it from injury.

The nasal cavity is the air-filled space located behind the nose, which is divided into two halves by the nasal septum. It is lined with mucous membrane and is responsible for several functions including respiration, filtration, humidification, and olfaction (smell). The nasal cavity serves as an important part of the upper respiratory tract, extending from the nares (nostrils) to the choanae (posterior openings of the nasal cavity that lead into the pharynx). It contains specialized structures such as turbinate bones, which help to warm, humidify and filter incoming air.

Endoscopy is a medical procedure that involves the use of an endoscope, which is a flexible tube with a light and camera at the end, to examine the interior of a body cavity or organ. The endoscope is inserted through a natural opening in the body, such as the mouth or anus, or through a small incision. The images captured by the camera are transmitted to a monitor, allowing the physician to visualize the internal structures and detect any abnormalities, such as inflammation, ulcers, or tumors. Endoscopy can also be used for diagnostic purposes, such as taking tissue samples for biopsy, or for therapeutic purposes, such as removing polyps or performing minimally invasive surgeries.

An oroantral fistula is an abnormal communication or connection between the oral cavity (mouth) and the maxillary sinus, which is one of the air-filled cavities in the upper jaw. This condition typically arises as a complication following dental procedures, such as tooth extractions, particularly in the upper molars, where the roots are close to or even within the maxillary sinus.

An oroantral fistula may also result from other factors, including trauma, infection, tumors, or cysts that erode the thin bony wall separating the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus. The presence of an oroantral fistula can lead to various symptoms, such as nasal discharge, pain, difficulty swallowing, and communication between the mouth and nose.

Treatment for an oroantral fistula usually involves surgical closure of the communication, often with the use of a flap of tissue from another part of the mouth. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to prevent further complications and restore normal function.

Ectopic tooth eruption is a condition where a tooth fails to erupt into its normal position in the dental arch. Instead, it emerupts in an abnormal location, such as in the wrong direction or through another tissue like the gums, palate, or jawbone. This can occur due to various reasons, including genetics, crowding of teeth, or trauma. Ectopic tooth eruption may cause problems with oral function and dental health, and treatment options depend on the severity and location of the ectopic tooth.

Dental implants are artificial tooth roots that are surgically placed into the jawbone to replace missing or extracted teeth. They are typically made of titanium, a biocompatible material that can fuse with the bone over time in a process called osseointegration. Once the implant has integrated with the bone, a dental crown, bridge, or denture can be attached to it to restore function and aesthetics to the mouth.

Dental implants are a popular choice for tooth replacement because they offer several advantages over traditional options like dentures or bridges. They are more stable and comfortable, as they do not rely on adjacent teeth for support and do not slip or move around in the mouth. Additionally, dental implants can help to preserve jawbone density and prevent facial sagging that can occur when teeth are missing.

The process of getting dental implants typically involves several appointments with a dental specialist called a prosthodontist or an oral surgeon. During the first appointment, the implant is placed into the jawbone, and the gum tissue is stitched closed. Over the next few months, the implant will fuse with the bone. Once this process is complete, a second surgery may be necessary to expose the implant and attach an abutment, which connects the implant to the dental restoration. Finally, the crown, bridge, or denture is attached to the implant, providing a natural-looking and functional replacement for the missing tooth.

Sinusitis, also known as rhinosinusitis, is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which are air-filled cavities located within the skull near the nose. The inflammation can be caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, as well as allergies, structural issues, or autoimmune disorders.

In sinusitis, the mucous membranes lining the sinuses become swollen and may produce excess mucus, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, thick green or yellow nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, reduced sense of smell, cough, fatigue, and fever.

Sinusitis can be classified into acute (lasting less than 4 weeks), subacute (lasting 4-12 weeks), chronic (lasting more than 12 weeks), or recurrent (multiple episodes within a year). Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms, and may include antibiotics, nasal corticosteroids, decongestants, saline irrigation, and in some cases, surgery.

A mucocele is a mucus-containing cystic lesion that results from the accumulation of mucin within a damaged minor salivary gland duct or mucous gland. It is typically caused by trauma, injury, or blockage of the duct. Mucocele appears as a round, dome-shaped, fluid-filled swelling, which may be bluish or clear in color. They are most commonly found on the lower lip but can also occur on other areas of the oral cavity. Mucocele is generally painless unless it becomes secondarily infected; however, it can cause discomfort during speaking, chewing, or swallowing, and may affect aesthetics. Treatment usually involves surgical excision of the mucocele to prevent recurrence.

The alveolar process is the curved part of the jawbone (mandible or maxilla) that contains sockets or hollow spaces (alveoli) for the teeth to be embedded. These processes are covered with a specialized mucous membrane called the gingiva, which forms a tight seal around the teeth to help protect the periodontal tissues and maintain oral health.

The alveolar process is composed of both compact and spongy bone tissue. The compact bone forms the outer layer, while the spongy bone is found inside the alveoli and provides support for the teeth. When a tooth is lost or extracted, the alveolar process begins to resorb over time due to the lack of mechanical stimulation from the tooth's chewing forces. This can lead to changes in the shape and size of the jawbone, which may require bone grafting procedures before dental implant placement.

Alveolar ridge augmentation is a surgical procedure in dentistry that aims to reconstruct or enhance the volume and shape of the alveolar ridge, which is the bony ridge that supports the dental arch and holds the teeth in place. This procedure is often performed in preparation for dental implant placement when the jawbone lacks sufficient width, height, or density to support the implant securely.

The alveolar ridge augmentation process typically involves several steps:

1. Assessment: The dentist or oral surgeon evaluates the patient's oral condition and takes dental images (such as X-rays or CBCT scans) to determine the extent of bone loss and plan the surgical procedure accordingly.
2. Grafting material selection: Depending on the specific needs of the patient, various grafting materials can be used, including autografts (patient's own bone), allografts (bone from a human donor), xenografts (bone from an animal source), or synthetic materials.
3. Surgical procedure: The oral surgeon exposes the deficient area of the alveolar ridge and carefully places the grafting material, ensuring proper contour and stabilization. In some cases, a barrier membrane may be used to protect the graft and promote healing.
4. Healing period: After the surgery, a healing period is required for the grafted bone to integrate with the existing jawbone. This process can take several months, depending on factors such as the size of the graft and the patient's overall health.
5. Implant placement: Once the alveolar ridge augmentation has healed and sufficient bone volume has been achieved, dental implants can be placed to support replacement teeth, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures.

Alveolar ridge augmentation is a valuable technique for restoring jawbone structure and function, enabling patients with significant bone loss to receive dental implants and enjoy improved oral health and aesthetics.

The ethmoid sinuses are a pair of air-filled spaces located in the ethmoid bone, which is a part of the skull that forms the upper portion of the nasal cavity and the inner eye socket. These sinuses are divided into anterior and posterior groups and are present in adults, but not at birth. They continue to grow and develop until early adulthood.

The ethmoid sinuses are lined with mucous membrane, which helps to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. They are surrounded by a network of blood vessels and nerves, making them susceptible to inflammation and infection. Inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses can lead to conditions such as sinusitis, which can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, headache, and facial pain.

Preprosthetic oral surgical procedures are dental surgeries performed to prepare the mouth for the placement of dental prostheses such as dentures. These procedures aim to create a smooth, stable, and suitable foundation in the mouth to support the prosthesis and ensure its proper functioning, retention, and comfort.

Common preprosthetic oral surgical procedures include:

1. Alveoloplasty: This procedure involves reshaping the alveolar ridge (the bony ridge that supports the teeth) to create a more uniform and even surface. It helps to eliminate any sharp or irregular bony edges that may interfere with the fit or comfort of the denture.

2. Gingivectomy/Gingivoplasty: These procedures involve removing or reshaping excess gum tissue to improve the fit and appearance of the dental prosthesis. A gingivectomy removes a portion of the gum tissue, while a gingivoplasty sculpts and reshapes the existing gum tissue.

3. Frenectomy: This procedure involves removing or repositioning the frenum, a small fold of tissue that connects the lips, cheeks, or tongue to the jawbone. A lingual frenectomy may be necessary when the frenum restricts tongue movement and interferes with proper denture placement or speech.

4. Maxillary tori reduction: This procedure involves removing or reducing the size of tori, which are bony growths found on the roof of the mouth (maxilla). Large tori can make it difficult to wear a denture, so their removal or reduction can improve the fit and comfort of the prosthesis.

5. Ridge augmentation: This procedure involves adding bone grafting material to the jaw ridge to increase its height, width, or volume. This is often done when there is significant bone loss due to tooth extraction, periodontal disease, or other factors, making it difficult to achieve a secure and comfortable denture fit.

6. Exostectomy: This procedure involves removing small, benign bony growths (exostoses) that may develop on the hard palate or along the jaw ridge. These growths can interfere with the fit and comfort of a denture, so their removal can improve the prosthesis' functionality.

These procedures are typically performed by oral surgeons, periodontists, or prosthodontists who specialize in dental implants, oral surgery, and complex restorative treatments. The specific treatment plan will depend on each patient's individual needs and preferences.

An incisor is a type of tooth that is primarily designed for biting off food pieces rather than chewing or grinding. They are typically chisel-shaped, flat, and have a sharp cutting edge. In humans, there are eight incisors - four on the upper jaw and four on the lower jaw, located at the front of the mouth. Other animals such as dogs, cats, and rodents also have incisors that they use for different purposes like tearing or gnawing.

In the context of dentistry, a molar is a type of tooth found in the back of the mouth. They are larger and wider than other types of teeth, such as incisors or canines, and have a flat biting surface with multiple cusps. Molars are primarily used for grinding and chewing food into smaller pieces that are easier to swallow. Humans typically have twelve molars in total, including the four wisdom teeth.

In medical terminology outside of dentistry, "molar" can also refer to a unit of mass in the apothecaries' system of measurement, which is equivalent to 4.08 grams. However, this usage is less common and not related to dental or medical anatomy.

The cavernous sinus is a venous structure located in the middle cranial fossa, which is a depression in the skull that houses several important nerves and blood vessels. The cavernous sinus is situated on either side of the sphenoid bone, near the base of the skull, and it contains several important structures:

* The internal carotid artery, which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain
* The abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI), which controls lateral movement of the eye
* The oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III), which controls most of the muscles that move the eye
* The trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV), which controls one of the muscles that moves the eye
* The ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V), which transmit sensory information from the face and head

The cavernous sinus is an important structure because it serves as a conduit for several critical nerves and blood vessels. However, it is also vulnerable to various pathological conditions such as thrombosis (blood clots), infection, tumors, or aneurysms, which can lead to serious neurological deficits or even death.

Nose neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow-growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and have the potential to metastasize.

Nose neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as nasal congestion, nosebleeds, difficulty breathing through the nose, loss of smell, facial pain or numbness, and visual changes if they affect the eye. The diagnosis of nose neoplasms usually involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as CT or MRI scans), and biopsy to determine the type and extent of the growth. Treatment options depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the neoplasm and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches.

The Sinus of Valsalva are three pouch-like dilations or outpouchings located at the upper part (root) of the aorta, just above the aortic valve. They are named after Antonio Maria Valsalva, an Italian anatomist and physician. These sinuses are divided into three parts:

1. Right Sinus of Valsalva: It is located to the right of the ascending aorta and usually gives rise to the right coronary artery.
2. Left Sinus of Valsalva: It is situated to the left of the ascending aorta and typically gives rise to the left coronary artery.
3. Non-coronary Sinus of Valsalva: This sinus is located in between the right and left coronary sinuses, and it does not give rise to any coronary arteries.

These sinuses play a crucial role during the cardiac cycle, particularly during ventricular contraction (systole). The pressure difference between the aorta and the ventricles causes the aortic valve cusps to be pushed into these sinuses, preventing the backflow of blood from the aorta into the ventricles.

Anatomical variations in the size and shape of the Sinuses of Valsalva can occur, and certain conditions like congenital heart diseases (e.g., aortic valve stenosis or bicuspid aortic valve) may affect their structure and function. Additionally, aneurysms or ruptures of the sinuses can lead to severe complications, such as cardiac tamponade, endocarditis, or stroke.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a medical imaging technique that uses a cone-shaped X-ray beam to create detailed, cross-sectional images of the body. In dental and maxillofacial radiology, CBCT is used to produce three-dimensional images of the teeth, jaws, and surrounding bones.

CBCT differs from traditional computed tomography (CT) in that it uses a cone-shaped X-ray beam instead of a fan-shaped beam, which allows for a faster scan time and lower radiation dose. The X-ray beam is rotated around the patient's head, capturing data from multiple angles, which is then reconstructed into a three-dimensional image using specialized software.

CBCT is commonly used in dental implant planning, orthodontic treatment planning, airway analysis, and the diagnosis and management of jaw pathologies such as tumors and fractures. It provides detailed information about the anatomy of the teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures, which can help clinicians make more informed decisions about patient care.

However, it is important to note that CBCT should only be used when necessary, as it still involves exposure to ionizing radiation. The benefits of using CBCT must be weighed against the potential risks associated with radiation exposure.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

The zygoma is the scientific name for the cheekbone. It is a part of the facial skeleton that forms the prominence of the cheek and houses the maxillary sinus, one of the pairs of paranasal sinuses. The zygomatic bone, also known as the malar bone, contributes to the formation of the zygoma.

Periapical diseases are a group of conditions that affect the periapical tissue, which is the tissue located at the tip of the tooth roots. These diseases are primarily caused by bacterial infections that originate from the dental pulp, the soft tissue inside the tooth. The most common types of periapical diseases include:

1. Periapical periodontitis: This is an inflammatory reaction of the periapical tissues due to the spread of infection from the dental pulp. It can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and tenderness in the affected area.
2. Periapical abscess: An abscess is a collection of pus that forms in response to an infection. A periapical abscess occurs when the infection from the dental pulp spreads to the periapical tissue, causing pus to accumulate in the area. This can cause severe pain, swelling, and redness in the affected area.
3. Periapical granuloma: A granuloma is a mass of inflammatory cells that forms in response to an infection. A periapical granuloma is a small, benign tumor-like growth that develops in the periapical tissue due to chronic inflammation caused by a bacterial infection.

Periapical diseases are typically treated with root canal therapy, which involves removing the infected dental pulp and cleaning and sealing the root canals to prevent further infection. In some cases, extraction of the affected tooth may be necessary if the infection is too severe or if the tooth is not salvageable.

An impacted tooth is a condition where a tooth fails to erupt into the oral cavity within its expected time frame, resulting in its partial or complete entrapment within the jawbone or soft tissues. This commonly occurs with wisdom teeth (third molars) but can affect any tooth. Impacted teeth may cause problems such as infection, decay of adjacent teeth, gum disease, or cyst formation, and they may require surgical removal.

The carotid sinus is a small, dilated area located at the bifurcation (or fork) of the common carotid artery into the internal and external carotid arteries. It is a baroreceptor region, which means it contains specialized sensory nerve endings that can detect changes in blood pressure. When the blood pressure increases, the walls of the carotid sinus stretch, activating these nerve endings and sending signals to the brain. The brain then responds by reducing the heart rate and relaxing the blood vessels, which helps to lower the blood pressure back to normal.

The carotid sinus is an important part of the body's autonomic nervous system, which regulates various involuntary functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. It plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and preventing excessive increases in blood pressure that could potentially damage vital organs.

A cuspid, also known as a canine tooth or cuspid tooth, is a type of tooth in mammals. It is the pointiest tooth in the dental arch and is located between the incisors and bicuspids (or premolars). Cuspids have a single cusp or pointed tip that is used for tearing and grasping food. In humans, there are four cuspids, two on the upper jaw and two on the lower jaw, one on each side of the dental arch.

Palatal expansion technique is a dental or orthodontic treatment procedure that aims to widen the upper jaw (maxilla) by expanding the palate. This is typically done using a device called a palatal expander, which is attached to the upper molars and applies pressure to gradually separate the two bones that form the palate (the maxillary bones). As the appliance is activated (usually through turning a screw or key), it gently expands the palatal suture, allowing for an increase in the width of the upper dental arch. This procedure can help correct crossbites, crowding, and other jaw alignment issues. It's commonly used in children and adolescents but may also be employed in adults with certain conditions.

In medical terms, the orbit refers to the bony cavity or socket in the skull that contains and protects the eye (eyeball) and its associated structures, including muscles, nerves, blood vessels, fat, and the lacrimal gland. The orbit is made up of several bones: the frontal bone, sphenoid bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla bone, and palatine bone. These bones form a pyramid-like shape that provides protection for the eye while also allowing for a range of movements.

The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals, separating the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. It consists of two portions: the anterior hard palate, which is composed of bone, and the posterior soft palate, which is composed of muscle and connective tissue. The palate plays a crucial role in speech, swallowing, and breathing, as it helps to direct food and air to their appropriate locations during these activities.

The sphenoid sinuses are air-filled spaces located within the sphenoid bone, which is one of the bones that make up the skull base. These sinuses are located deep inside the skull, behind the eyes and nasal cavity. They are paired and separated by a thin bony septum, and each one opens into the corresponding nasal cavity through a small opening called the sphenoethmoidal recess. The sphenoid sinuses vary greatly in size and shape between individuals. They develop during childhood and continue to grow until early adulthood. The function of the sphenoid sinuses, like other paranasal sinuses, is not entirely clear, but they may contribute to reducing the weight of the skull, resonating voice during speech, and insulating the brain from trauma.

A bicuspid valve, also known as a mitral valve in the heart, is a heart valve that has two leaflets or cusps. It lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle and helps to regulate blood flow between these two chambers of the heart. In a healthy heart, the bicuspid valve opens to allow blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle and closes tightly to prevent blood from flowing back into the left atrium during contraction of the ventricle.

A congenital heart defect known as a bicuspid aortic valve occurs when the aortic valve, which normally has three leaflets or cusps, only has two. This can lead to narrowing of the valve (aortic stenosis) or leakage of the valve (aortic regurgitation), which can cause symptoms and may require medical treatment.

Panoramic radiography is a specialized type of dental X-ray imaging that captures a panoramic view of the entire mouth, including the teeth, upper and lower jaws, and surrounding structures. It uses a special machine that rotates around the head, capturing images as it moves. This technique provides a two-dimensional image that is helpful in diagnosing and planning treatment for various dental conditions such as impacted teeth, bone abnormalities, and jaw disorders.

The panoramic radiograph can also be used to assess the development and positioning of wisdom teeth, detect cysts or tumors in the jaws, and evaluate the effects of trauma or injury to the mouth. It is a valuable tool for dental professionals as it allows them to see a comprehensive view of the oral structures, which may not be visible with traditional X-ray techniques.

It's important to note that while panoramic radiography provides valuable information, it should be used in conjunction with other diagnostic tools and clinical examinations to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

Dimensional measurement accuracy refers to the degree of closeness with which the measured dimension of a object or feature corresponds to its true value. It is usually expressed as a tolerance, which indicates the maximum allowable deviation from the true value. This measurement accuracy can be affected by various factors such as the precision and calibration of the measuring instrument, the skill and experience of the person taking the measurement, and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. High dimensional measurement accuracy is essential in many fields, including manufacturing, engineering, and scientific research, to ensure that parts and products meet specified dimensions and function properly.

The dental arch refers to the curved shape formed by the upper or lower teeth when they come together. The dental arch follows the curve of the jaw and is important for proper bite alignment and overall oral health. The dental arches are typically described as having a U-shaped appearance, with the front teeth forming a narrower section and the back teeth forming a wider section. The shape and size of the dental arch can vary from person to person, and any significant deviations from the typical shape or size may indicate an underlying orthodontic issue that requires treatment.

An anatomic variation refers to a deviation from the typical or normal anatomical structure, position, or configuration of organs, tissues, or bodily parts. These variations can occur in any part of the body and can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop later in life).

Anatomic variations are relatively common and usually do not cause any symptoms or problems. However, in some cases, they may affect the function of adjacent structures, predispose to injury or disease, or complicate medical procedures or surgeries. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare professionals to be aware of these variations during diagnoses, treatment planning, and surgical interventions.

Examples of anatomic variations include:

* Variations in the course or number of blood vessels, such as a persistent left superior vena cava or an accessory renal artery.
* Variations in the position or shape of organs, such as a mobile cecum or a horseshoe kidney.
* Variations in the number or configuration of bones, such as an extra rib or a bifid uvula.
* Variations in the innervation or sensory distribution of nerves, such as a variant course of the brachial plexus or a cross-innervated hand.

Anatomic variations can be detected through various imaging techniques, such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound examinations. Sometimes, they are discovered during surgical procedures or autopsies. Understanding anatomic variations is crucial for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and optimal patient outcomes.

Osteoma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor that is made up of mature bone tissue. It usually grows slowly over a period of years and is most commonly found in the skull or jaw, although it can occur in other bones of the body as well. Osteomas are typically small, but they can grow to be several centimeters in size. They may cause symptoms if they press on nearby tissues or structures, such as nerves or blood vessels. In some cases, osteomas may not cause any symptoms and may only be discovered during routine imaging studies. Treatment for osteoma is typically not necessary unless it is causing problems or growing rapidly. If treatment is needed, it may involve surgical removal of the tumor.

The coronary sinus is a large vein that receives blood from the heart's muscle tissue. It is located on the posterior side of the heart and is a part of the cardiovascular system. The coronary sinus collects oxygen-depleted blood from the myocardium (the heart muscle) and drains it into the right atrium, where it will then be pumped to the lungs for oxygenation.

The coronary sinus is an essential structure in medical procedures such as cardiac catheterization and electrophysiological studies. It is also a common site for the implantation of pacemakers and other cardiac devices.

Enophthalmos is a medical term that refers to the abnormal positioning of the eyeball within its socket, resulting in a posterior or backward displacement of the eye. This condition can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, surgical procedures, or diseases that affect the orbital tissues, including cancer, inflammation, or infection. Enophthalmos may lead to cosmetic concerns and visual disturbances, depending on its severity. A thorough examination by an ophthalmologist or an oculoplastic surgeon is necessary for accurate diagnosis and management of this condition.

Rhinitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the nasal passages, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, and postnasal drip. It can be caused by various factors, including allergies (such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander), infections (viral or bacterial), environmental irritants (such as smoke or pollution), and hormonal changes. Depending on the cause, rhinitis can be classified as allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, infectious rhinitis, or hormonal rhinitis. Treatment options vary depending on the underlying cause but may include medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, nasal sprays, and immunotherapy (allergy shots).

Nasal polyps are benign (noncancerous) growths that originate from the lining of your nasal passages or sinuses. They most often occur in the area where the sinuses open into the nasal cavity. Small nasal polyps may not cause any problems. But if they grow large enough, they can block your nasal passages and lead to breathing issues, frequent infections and loss of smell.

Nasal polyps are associated with chronic inflammation due to conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis or chronic sinusitis. Treatment typically includes medication to reduce the size of the polyps or surgery to remove them. Even after successful treatment, nasal polyps often return.

Oral surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries performed in the oral cavity and maxillofacial region, which includes the mouth, jaws, face, and skull. These procedures are typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, who are dental specialists with extensive training in surgical procedures involving the mouth, jaws, and face.

Some common examples of oral surgical procedures include:

1. Tooth extractions: This involves removing a tooth that is damaged beyond repair or causing problems for the surrounding teeth. Wisdom tooth removal is a common type of tooth extraction.
2. Dental implant placement: This procedure involves placing a small titanium post in the jawbone to serve as a replacement root for a missing tooth. A dental crown is then attached to the implant, creating a natural-looking and functional replacement tooth.
3. Jaw surgery: Also known as orthognathic surgery, this procedure involves repositioning the jaws to correct bite problems or facial asymmetry.
4. Biopsy: This procedure involves removing a small sample of tissue from the oral cavity for laboratory analysis, often to diagnose suspicious lesions or growths.
5. Lesion removal: This procedure involves removing benign or malignant growths from the oral cavity, such as tumors or cysts.
6. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery: This procedure involves treating disorders of the TMJ, which connects the jawbone to the skull and allows for movement when eating, speaking, and yawning.
7. Facial reconstruction: This procedure involves rebuilding or reshaping the facial bones after trauma, cancer surgery, or other conditions that affect the face.

Overall, oral surgical procedures are an important part of dental and medical care, helping to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws, and face.

Bone transplantation, also known as bone grafting, is a surgical procedure in which bone or bone-like material is transferred from one part of the body to another or from one person to another. The graft may be composed of cortical (hard outer portion) bone, cancellous (spongy inner portion) bone, or a combination of both. It can be taken from different sites in the same individual (autograft), from another individual of the same species (allograft), or from an animal source (xenograft). The purpose of bone transplantation is to replace missing bone, provide structural support, and stimulate new bone growth. This procedure is commonly used in orthopedic, dental, and maxillofacial surgeries to repair bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital conditions.

Nose diseases, also known as rhinologic disorders, refer to a wide range of conditions that affect the nose and its surrounding structures. These may include:

1. Nasal Allergies (Allergic Rhinitis): An inflammation of the inner lining of the nose caused by an allergic reaction to substances such as pollen, dust mites, or mold.

2. Sinusitis: Inflammation or infection of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull that surround the nasal cavity.

3. Nasal Polyps: Soft, fleshy growths that develop on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses.

4. Deviated Septum: A condition where the thin wall (septum) between the two nostrils is displaced to one side, causing difficulty breathing through the nose.

5. Rhinitis Medicamentosa: Nasal congestion caused by overuse of decongestant nasal sprays.

6. Nosebleeds (Epistaxis): Bleeding from the nostrils, which can be caused by a variety of factors including dryness, trauma, or underlying medical conditions.

7. Nasal Fractures: Breaks in the bone structure of the nose, often caused by trauma.

8. Tumors: Abnormal growths that can occur in the nasal passages or sinuses. These can be benign or malignant.

9. Choanal Atresia: A congenital condition where the back of the nasal passage is blocked, often by a thin membrane or bony partition.

10. Nasal Valve Collapse: A condition where the side walls of the nose collapse inward during breathing, causing difficulty breathing through the nose.

These are just a few examples of the many diseases that can affect the nose.

Dental implantation is a surgical procedure in which a titanium post or frame is inserted into the jawbone beneath the gum line to replace the root of a missing tooth. Once the implant has integrated with the bone, a replacement tooth (crown) is attached to the top of the implant, providing a stable and durable restoration that looks, feels, and functions like a natural tooth. Dental implants can also be used to support dental bridges or dentures, providing added stability and comfort for patients who are missing multiple teeth.

Intracranial sinus thrombosis is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) within the intracranial venous sinuses, which are responsible for draining blood from the brain. The condition can lead to various neurological symptoms and complications, such as increased intracranial pressure, headaches, seizures, visual disturbances, and altered consciousness. Intracranial sinus thrombosis may result from various factors, including hypercoagulable states, infections, trauma, and malignancies. Immediate medical attention is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment to prevent potential long-term neurological damage or even death.

Cephalometry is a medical term that refers to the measurement and analysis of the skull, particularly the head face relations. It is commonly used in orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery to assess and plan treatment for abnormalities related to the teeth, jaws, and facial structures. The process typically involves taking X-ray images called cephalograms, which provide a lateral view of the head, and then using various landmarks and reference lines to make measurements and evaluate skeletal and dental relationships. This information can help clinicians diagnose problems, plan treatment, and assess treatment outcomes.

Bone substitutes are materials that are used to replace missing or damaged bone in the body. They can be made from a variety of materials, including natural bone from other parts of the body or from animals, synthetic materials, or a combination of both. The goal of using bone substitutes is to provide structural support and promote the growth of new bone tissue.

Bone substitutes are often used in dental, orthopedic, and craniofacial surgery to help repair defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital abnormalities. They can also be used to augment bone volume in procedures such as spinal fusion or joint replacement.

There are several types of bone substitutes available, including:

1. Autografts: Bone taken from another part of the patient's body, such as the hip or pelvis.
2. Allografts: Bone taken from a deceased donor and processed to remove any cells and infectious materials.
3. Xenografts: Bone from an animal source, typically bovine or porcine, that has been processed to remove any cells and infectious materials.
4. Synthetic bone substitutes: Materials such as calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glass, and polymer-based materials that are designed to mimic the properties of natural bone.

The choice of bone substitute material depends on several factors, including the size and location of the defect, the patient's medical history, and the surgeon's preference. It is important to note that while bone substitutes can provide structural support and promote new bone growth, they may not have the same strength or durability as natural bone. Therefore, they may not be suitable for all applications, particularly those that require high load-bearing capacity.

"Foreign bodies" refer to any object or substance that is not normally present in a particular location within the body. These can range from relatively harmless items such as splinters or pieces of food in the skin or gastrointestinal tract, to more serious objects like bullets or sharp instruments that can cause significant damage and infection.

Foreign bodies can enter the body through various routes, including ingestion, inhalation, injection, or penetrating trauma. The location of the foreign body will determine the potential for harm and the necessary treatment. Some foreign bodies may pass through the body without causing harm, while others may require medical intervention such as removal or surgical extraction.

It is important to seek medical attention if a foreign body is suspected, as untreated foreign bodies can lead to complications such as infection, inflammation, and tissue damage.

... maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.460.692.503 - paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.460.692.503.503 - maxillary sinus neoplasms ... paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.785.600.693.575 - maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.785.640.700 - pleural effusion, ... mediastinal neoplasms MeSH C08.846.187.790 - mediastinitis The list continues at List of MeSH codes (C09). (Wikipedia articles ... maxillary sinusitis MeSH C08.460.692.752.827 - sphenoid sinusitis MeSH C08.460.799.631 - rhinitis, allergic, perennial MeSH ...
... maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C09.603.692.503 - paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C09.603.692.503.503 - maxillary sinus neoplasms ... paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C09.647.685.693.575 - maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C09.647.710.485 - hypopharyngeal neoplasms ... nasopharyngeal neoplasms MeSH C09.775.549.685 - oropharyngeal neoplasms MeSH C09.775.549.685.800 - tonsillar neoplasms The list ... oropharyngeal neoplasms MeSH C09.647.710.685.800 - tonsillar neoplasms MeSH C09.775.350.650 - nasopharyngeal neoplasms MeSH ...
Torus palatinus Abscesses Unerupted teeth Pleomorphic adenomas/salivary neoplasms Invasive carcinoma from maxillary sinus ... development of a lesion into a bulla or a malignant neoplasm. Lumps and swellings can occur due to a variety of conditions, ... sound occurs this tends to be a swelling overlying a bony cyst Surface texture Abnormal vascular changes suggests neoplasm ... blockers Ciclosporin Allergy Angioedema Infective HPV Fibro-osseous Cherubism Fibrous dysplasia Paget's disease Neoplasms ...
Consequently, acute or chronic maxillary sinusitis can be perceived as maxillary toothache, and neoplasms of the sinus (such as ... The bone between the floor of the maxillary sinus and the roots of the upper back teeth is very thin, and frequently the apices ... to detect congestion of the maxillary sinus or to highlight a crack in a tooth), dyes (to help visualize a crack), a test ... 57-58 Disorders of the maxillary sinus can be referred to the upper back teeth. The posterior, middle and anterior superior ...
... nose neoplasms MeSH C04.588.443.665.650.693 - paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C04.588.443.665.650.693.575 - maxillary sinus ... maxillary neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721.450.692 - palatal neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.721.600 - nose neoplasms MeSH C04.588. ... skull base neoplasms MeSH C04.588.149.828 - spinal neoplasms MeSH C04.588.180.260 - breast neoplasms, male MeSH C04.588.180.390 ... bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.250.250 - common bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.401 - gallbladder neoplasms ...
Patients should be asked about previous sinus surgery, as the nasolacrimal duct is sometimes damaged when the maxillary sinus ... Neoplasm should be considered in any patient presenting with nasolacrimal duct obstruction. In patients with atypical ... Sinus disease often occurs in conjunction with, and in other instances may contribute to the development of nasolacrimal duct ... Bloody punctual discharge or lacrimal sac distension above the medial canthal tendon is also highly suggestive of neoplasm. ...
Megat Shiraz MA, Jong YH, Primuharsa Putra SH (November 2008). "Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the maxillary sinus" (PDF). ... Hematologic malignant neoplasms, Lymphoid-related cutaneous conditions, Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases). ...
Vulpe H, Giuliani M, Goldstein D, Perez-Ordonez B, Dawson LA, Hope A (October 2013). "Long term control of a maxillary sinus ... "Salivary Gland Neoplasms". Medscape.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Updated: Jan 13, 2021 Diagrams ...
Massive maxillary AFOs cause destruction of the sinus, facial disfigurement, perforated the cortical plates or extended to the ... This neoplasm usually occurs in the first and second decade of life and is most common in the posterior region of mandible. ... Piette EM, Tideman H, Wu PC (May 1990). "Massive maxillary ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: case report with surgical management". ... World Health Organization (WHO) defines AFO as a neoplasm consisting of odontogenic ectomesenchyme resembling the dental ...
Either the tumor arises in the mouth, or it may grow to involve the mouth, e.g. from the maxillary sinus, salivary glands, ... creates immunodeficiencies which allow opportunistic infections or neoplasms to proliferate. Bacterial processes leading to ...
... maxillary fractures MeSH C21.866.260.275.500.500 - mandibular injuries MeSH C21.866.260.275.500.550 - orbital fractures MeSH ... carotid-cavernous sinus fistula MeSH C21.866.915.200.600 - vertebral artery dissection MeSH C21.866.915.300 - craniocerebral ... neoplasms, radiation-induced MeSH C21.866.733.579 - osteoradionecrosis MeSH C21.866.733.720 - radiation injuries, experimental ... maxillary fractures MeSH C21.866.404.750.684 - orbital fractures MeSH C21.866.404.750.821 - skull fracture, basilar MeSH ...
The inferior orbital fissure lies inferior and lateral to the ocular globe at the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. It is ... Injury to any one of these structures by infection, trauma or neoplasm can cause temporary or permanent visual dysfunction, and ... and sits on the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus. Both foramina are crucial as potential pathways for cancer and infections ... The optic canal contains the (cranial nerve II) and the ophthalmic artery, and sits at the junction of the sphenoid sinus with ...
Laryngeal ventricle - (also called the ventricle of the larynx, laryngeal sinus, or Morgagni's sinus) is a fusiform fossa, ... The two maxillary bones are fused at the intermaxillary suture, forming the anterior nasal spine. This is similar to the ... Papillary - In oncology, papillary refers to neoplasms with projections ("papillae", from Latin, 'nipple') that have ... The throat, sinuses, and larynx may also be affected. Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the ...
... the middle meatus provides drainage for the anterior ethmoid sinuses and for the maxillary and frontal sinuses; and the ... Neoplasms - malignant and benign tumors Septal hematoma - a mass of (usually) clotted blood in the septum Toxins - chemical ... Lateral to the turbinates is the medial wall of the maxillary sinus. Inferior to the nasal conchae (turbinates) is the meatus ... the internal areas of the ethmoid sinus and the frontal sinus; and (b) the external areas, from the nasal tip to the rhinion: ...
Wang, S.-S.; Xue, L.; Jing, J.-J.; Wang, R.-M. (2012a). "Virtual reality surgical anatomy of the sphenoid sinus and adjacent ... Pau, C.Y.; Barrera, J.E.; Kwon, J.; Most, S.P. (2010). "Three-dimensional analysis of zygomatic-maxillary complex fracture ... Meningeal Neoplasms: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition: ScholarlyBrief. ScholarlyEditions. 2012-01-09 ... "Application of Dextroscope virtual reality in anatomical research of the mandible part of maxillary artery". Beijing da Xue Xue ...
"Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms" by people in this website by year, and whether "Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms" was a major or minor ... "Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms*Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms. *Maxillary Sinus Neoplasm. *Neoplasm, Maxillary Sinus ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms" by people in Profiles. ...
... maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.460.692.503 - paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.460.692.503.503 - maxillary sinus neoplasms ... paranasal sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.785.600.693.575 - maxillary sinus neoplasms MeSH C08.785.640.700 - pleural effusion, ... mediastinal neoplasms MeSH C08.846.187.790 - mediastinitis The list continues at List of MeSH codes (C09). (Wikipedia articles ... maxillary sinusitis MeSH C08.460.692.752.827 - sphenoid sinusitis MeSH C08.460.799.631 - rhinitis, allergic, perennial MeSH ...
Medical Oncology, Mouth Neoplasms, Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms, Jaw Neoplasms, Tongue Neoplasms, Oncología Oral ... Breast Neoplasms, Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Medical Oncology 8 World Congress of the International Academy of Oral ... Medical Oncology, Drug Therapy, Adenocarcinoma, Neoplasm Metastasis, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, General Surgery OpenLab: ...
Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms. Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. They represent the majority of paranasal neoplasms.. ... OlfactoryMaxillary SinusGranuloma, PyogenicMaxillary Sinus NeoplasmsRhinitisRhinitis, AtrophicEthmoid BoneParanasal Sinus ... Maxillary Sinus. The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. Each maxillary sinus communicates ... such as the ETHMOID SINUS; the FRONTAL SINUS; the MAXILLARY SINUS; and the SPHENOID SINUS.. ...
Neoplasms: Angiomas from nasal septum may bleed profusely. Malignancys commonest areas are maxillary sinus, ethmoidal sinus. ... Nasal Sinus Polyps: Causes, What Is Nasal Polyps Sinusitis Infection. *Nose Bleed Causes And Symptoms: How To Stop And Prevent ... Nasal Sinus Polyps: Causes, What Is Nasal Polyps Sinusitis Infection. *Nose Bleed Causes And Symptoms: How To Stop And Prevent ... Trauma: Trauma to nose, para nasal sinuses or head may result in bleed which usually stops in a short time. It may be ...
Keywords: maxillary sinus, odontogenic sinusitis, neoplasms, X-ray methods, cone-beam computed tomography, disease severity, ... The developed severity indices of chronic odontogenic sinusitis and neoplasms extending into the lumen of the maxillary sinus ... Maxillary sinus volume of the main group patients significantly exceeded the same in the comparison groups (p Conclusions. ... of the severity indices of chronic odontogenic sinusitis and neoplasms extending into the lumen of the maxillary sinus. In all ...
Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma of the Maxillary Sinus: A Newly Described Sinonasal Neoplasm. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 May 30 ... Nasopharyngectomy Without Maxillary Swing via a Combined Open Lateral and Endoscopic Approach. Laryngoscope. 2022 Jul 18. PMID ... The Role of Free Tissue Transfer in the Management of Chronic Frontal Sinus Osteomyelitis. Laryngoscope. 2018 Dec 14. PMID: ... Natural History and Consequences of Nonunion in Mandibular and Maxillary Free Flaps. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Jun 16; ...
Teratoma refers to a neoplasm that recapitulates all three germ layers. Teratomas may be histologically mature and ... These neoplasms almost exclusively arise in the ethmoid sinus and maxillary antrum. Patients usually present with a short ... In the sinonasal tract, the maxillary antrum and nasal cavity are affected more often than the sphenoid sinus. Common ... Teratoma refers to a neoplasm that recapitulates all three germ layers. Teratomas of the head and neck are extremely rare and ...
They can mimic other infections and malignant neoplasms.. Chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or ... Aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus as a complication of overfilling root canal material into the sinus: report of two cases. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ...
Malignant neoplasm of maxillary sinus C31.1 Malignant neoplasm of ethmoidal sinus C31.2 Malignant neoplasm of frontal sinus ... Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of right upper limb C40.02 Malignant neoplasm of scapula and long bones of left ... Other specified malignant neoplasm of skin of other parts of face C44.40 Unspecified malignant neoplasm of skin of scalp and ... Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of right eye and adnexa C69.82 Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of left eye and ...
... /diagnosis , Ameloblastoma/radiotherapy , Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms 11. Aspects pratiques de la pathologie ... Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common among the dwellers of sub-Saharan Africa ... Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common amongst the Yoruba ethinc group. The various ...
... scans revealed soft-tissue density neoplasms that occupied the sphenoidal sinus and further invaded to destroy the clivus. ... Immunohistochemical staining of neoplasms was performed from biopsies samples. The pathological diagnosis was extranodal ... The nose and maxillary sinuses are the common initial site of involvement while the sphenoidal sinuses are rarely affected. ... CT showed soft-tissue density neoplasms filled with sphenoidal sinus, which is hard to differentiate with sphenoid sinusitis ...
Physical examination also revealed facial deformity with enlargement of the nasal base and bulging in the maxillary region on ... CONCLUSIONS:Cavernous hemangioma is a benign lesion of the paranasal sinuses. Due to non-specific clinical and radiological ... with evidence of main irrigation of the lesion by the right maxillary artery, which was then embolized. The patient underwent ... and facial deformity due to a giant cavernous hemangioma successfully treated by endoscopic sinus surgery. CASE REPORT:A 32- ...
Maxillary Sinus Adenocarcinoma,Inherited Cancer-Predisposing Syndrome,Glioma,Leukemia, Acute Myeloid,Sporadic Breast Cancer, ... Plasma Cell Neoplasm,Rothmund-Thomson Syndrome, Type 2,Cervical Adenoma Malignum,Breast Juvenile Papillomatosis,Bilateral ...
... followed by surgery has been the standard of care for patients with advanced maxillary sinus squamous cell c... ... Ayiomamitis A, Parker L, Havas T. The epidemiology of malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities, the paranasal sinuses and the ... Maxillary sinus carcinoma is the most common type of paranasal sinus cancer (1), and squamous cell carcinoma is the primary ... histological type of maxillary sinus tumors. Unlike other head and neck malignancies, maxillary sinus carcinomas are often ...
Background Cavernous sinus syndrome is defined by its resultant signs and symptoms: ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, proptosis, ... Cavernous sinus neoplasms. Cavernous sinus tumors are the most common cause of cavernous sinus syndrome. Tumors may be primary ... maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve); the VI nerve (abducens) is in the vicinity of the internal carotid artery (see image ... Cavernous sinus tumors. In the case of metastatic tumors, diagnosis of the primary neoplasm generally precedes the cavernous ...
... ethmoid or sphenoid paranasal sinuses. Most often, these are neoplasms of epithelial origin. They make up 1.5% of the total ... Cancer of the paranasal sinuses in 75% of cases occurs in the area of the maxillary sinus, in 10-15% - in the nasal cavity and ... Most often, these are neoplasms of epithelial origin. They make up 1.5% of the total number of oncological diseases. Usually ... Cancer of the nasal cavity is a malignant tumor that affects the nasal cavity, maxillary, frontal, ethmoid or sphenoid ...
Immature teratoma of the maxillary sinus: a rare pediatric tumor. Chang, Alice E; Ambro, Bryan T; Strome, Scott E; ... OBSERVATIONS: Teratomas are neoplasms that contain tissue from more than 1 embryonic cell layer that is foreign to the location ... We present an unusual case of an immature teratoma in the maxillary sinus of a 10-year-old boy and discuss the diagnostic ... and to our knowledge have not previously been reported in the maxillary sinus of a pediatric patient. ...
Maxillary nerve. The nV2 leaves the cavernous sinus via the foramen rotundum and enters the pterygopalatine fossa. There, the ... Secondary neoplasms - involving the nerve, but not originating from it - are mostly based on perineural spread. The spread can ... Some sources even state that the maxillary nerve does not pass through the sinus at all, but rather underneath it. ... The nV3 does not pass through the cavernous sinus. Instead it leaves Meckels cave - together with the motor division - via the ...
Procedures, based on new or revised evidence, include mega-antrostomy and the pre-tear approach to the maxillary sinus and the ... Refinement of other surgical techniques includes medial endoscopic maxillectomy and resection of nasosinusal neoplasms.• ... Delineation of variations in the anatomy of the frontal recess, and in the difficult regions adjacent to the sinuses, provides ... A comprehensive and completely up-to-date anatomical guide to sinus and skull base surgery. Like previous acclaimed editions, ...
Collision tumor of small cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus: Case report. Sugianto, I., Yanagi, ...
In the maxilla, they usually invade the maxillary sinuses and at times (though rarely) cross the midline to the opposing sinus ... Ameloblastoma is one of the most common benign neoplasms of odontogenic origin. It accounts for 11% of all odontogenic ... They generally recur more and behave more aggressively in terms of early invasion of the maxillary sinus (4, 6). They can also ... Maxillary obturator prosthesis rehabilitation following maxillectomy for ameloblastoma: case series of five patients. Int J ...
neoplasms. 160.2. 1602 Malignant neoplasm of maxillary sinus. ICD9. UKB. 149.9. Cancer of of nasal cavities. 140-149.99, 210- ... Malignant neoplasm of maxillary sinus. ICD9CM. MGI. 149.9. Cancer of of nasal cavities. 140-149.99, 210-210.99. Both. neoplasms ... C31.0 Maxillary sinus. ICD10. UKB. 149.9. Cancer of of nasal cavities. 140-149.99, 210-210.99. Both. neoplasms. C31.1. C31.1 ... Malignant neoplasm of maxillary sinus. ICD10CM. MGI. 149.9. Cancer of of nasal cavities. 140-149.99, 210-210.99. Both. ...
Maxillary sinus Antrum (Highmore) (maxillary) 160.3 Ethmoidal sinus 160.4 Frontal sinus 160.5 Sphenoidal sinus 160.8 Other [see ... Benign neoplasms 230-234 Carcinoma in situ 235-238 Neoplasms of uncertain behavior [see Note, page 140] 239 Neoplasms of ... Other polyp of sinus Polyp of sinus: accessory ethmoidal maxillary sphenoidal 471.9 Unspecified Nasal polyp NOS 472 Chronic ... of sinus (accessory) (nasal) empyema, acute, of sinus (accessory) (nasal) infection, acute, of sinus (accessory) (nasal) ...
Maxillary Sinus Lifts and Ridge Expansion for Resorbed ridges.. *Surgery for Facial Deformity correction- Orthognathic Surgery ... Treatment of Salivary Gland Diseases (Sialolithiasis, Salivary Gland Neoplasms). *TM Joint Problems and Facial Pain syndromes ...
They can mimic other infections and malignant neoplasms.. Chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or ... Aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus as a complication of overfilling root canal material into the sinus: report of two cases. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ...
They can mimic other infections and malignant neoplasms.. Chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or ... Aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus as a complication of overfilling root canal material into the sinus: report of two cases. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ... destructive ulceration of the left posterior maxillary alveolar bone and mucosa due to mucormycosis of the maxillary sinus. ...
3. Triantafillidou K, Lazaridis N, Zaramboukas T. Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the maxillary sinus and the maxilla: a case ... Doxorubicin is an anti-neoplasm drug which is widely used in the treatment of neoplasms, such as carcinoma of the breast, lung ... The residual roots stemmed from the maxillary right second molar and canine, the maxillary left first premolar, and the ... the maxillary sinus, and the gingiva2-7,however, to our knowledge, this has not been previously reported in the paravertebral ( ...
However, myxomas usually involve the maxillary sinus and appear as a uniform proliferation of scanty spindle/stellate cells ... and coagulative tumour necrosis still remains the main criteria to determine the malignant behaviour of leiomyogenic neoplasms. ... whereas it excluded local invasion of the maxillary sinus and rhinopharynx (fig 1A). The lesion was completely excised with a ... A) Axial computed tomography scan of the nasal sinuses shows a polypoid lesion occupying the whole inferior nasal fossa. (B) At ...
  • Malignancy's commonest areas are maxillary sinus, ethmoidal sinus. (tandurust.com)
  • A facial CT scan showed opacification of the maxillary, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal sinuses, consistent with a left paranasal sinus mass ( Figure ). (patientcareonline.com)
  • Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Lee YY, Dimery IW, Van Tassel P, De Pena C, Blacklock JB, Goepfert H. Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy of advanced paranasal sinus tumors. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES . (lookformedical.com)
  • Maxillary sinus carcinoma is the most common type of paranasal sinus cancer ( 1 ), and squamous cell carcinoma is the primary histological type of maxillary sinus tumors. (brieflands.com)
  • Maxillary sinus tumors often advance locally without lymph node metastasis due to limited lymphatic drainage ( 6 ). (brieflands.com)
  • Primary tumors are the most frequent neoplasm responsible for a cavernous sinus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • The richly illustrated text details the anatomy and operative management of sinus conditions such as nasosinusal polyposis, chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS], Samter's triad, eosinophilic mucus of CRS, exophthalmos, acute orbital hemorrhage , the subperiosteal orbital abscess, and a wide variety of tumors. (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • It is important to bear in mind that other nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses tumors can be macroscopically similar to SNP, even though they are rarely bilateral. (bjorl.org)
  • Many studies referred to CT scan abnormalities found in inflammatory processes (acute or chronic) and tumors in nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • A complete sinus CT scan with frontal and coronal planes is used if an alternative diagnosis (eg, tumors) must be excluded. (medscape.com)
  • Epithelial salivary gland neoplasms are rare both in adults and children, accounting for less than 3% of all head and neck tumors. (9lib.co)
  • They can mimic other infections and malignant neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • Nonsquamous cell cancers, including minor salivary gland cancers, sarcomas, and melanomas, account for the other half (see the histologic distribution of hard palate malignant neoplasms and the histologic types and frequencies of minor salivary gland neoplasms of the palate below). (medscape.com)
  • Among the 6.4 million malignant neoplasms diagnosed in workers are at high risk for cancer of the tongue2,9. (bvsalud.org)
  • It may occur as a complication of spreading infection from the ethmoid, sphenoid, or frontal sinuses or from midfacial, dental, or orbital infections. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer of the paranasal sinuses in 75% of cases occurs in the area of the maxillary sinus, in 10-15% - in the nasal cavity and the main (lattice) sinus, in 1-2% - in the area of the sphenoid and frontal sinuses. (mknc.ru)
  • This allows for a better understanding of the related anatomy, especially the drainage pathways of the frontal sinuses. (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • Seventy videos on operations detail the potential anatomical variations seen in the frontal sinuses, ancillary procedures such as DCR, orbital decompression, tightness of cerebrospinal fluid fistula and surgical approaches to the skull base.This classic reference is an indispensable resource for otolaryngologists, head and neck surgeons, as well as residents and trainees seeking a tutorial on the latest techniques in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • Based on the data of the three-dimensional ray method, the volume of formation was calculated, the anatomical and topographical features of the structure of sinus maxillaris were studied, which resulted in the development of the severity indices of chronic odontogenic sinusitis and neoplasms extending into the lumen of the maxillary sinus. (surgery.by)
  • The developed severity indices of chronic odontogenic sinusitis and neoplasms extending into the lumen of the maxillary sinus make it possible to supplement the diagnostic capabilities of the three-dimensional radiation methods of the study and optimize their subsequent clinical interpretation, thereby improving the quality of the patients examination with the possibility of subsequent individual prophylaxis planning of the development of the disease and its treatment. (surgery.by)
  • Surgical treatment for chronic odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and posttreatment assessment of quality of life in patients. (surgery.by)
  • Maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin: cone-beam volumetric computerized tomography-aided diagnosis. (surgery.by)
  • Sinusitis is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the paranasal sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • Air-fluid level (arrow) in the maxillary sinus suggests sinusitis. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of acute sinusitis consists of providing adequate drainage of the involved sinus and appropriate systemic treatment of the likely bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • Rhinitis and sinusitis describe the inflammation of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses respectively. (greek.doctor)
  • Chronic sinusitis may spread to the bone or dural venous sinuses, causing osteomyelitis or thrombophlebitis respectively. (greek.doctor)
  • Ogawa K, Toita T, Kakinohana Y, Adachi G, Kojya S, Itokazu T, Shinhama A, Matsumura J, Murayama S. Postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus: analysis of local control and late complications. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Although intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery has been the standard of care for patients with advanced maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MSSCC), concurrent intra-arterial chemotherapy and high-dose radiotherapy without surgery has emerged as a promising alternative. (brieflands.com)
  • Therefore, chemotherapy followed by surgical resection, with or without radiotherapy, is the treatment of choice for patients with locally advanced maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MSSCC) ( 7 - 10 ). (brieflands.com)
  • Paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma incidence and survival based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, 1973 to 2009. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Jaswal, Abhishek Paranasal sinus mucoceles: a comprehensive retroprospective study in Indian perspective, Indian J. Head Neck Surg. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Carcinoma in nasal cavity and accessory sinuses in woodworkers. (ijhns.com)
  • Polyps originate from the middle concha, middle meatus and ethmoid sinus 4, 14. (bjorl.org)
  • The surgical approach of sphenoid mucocele can be transseptal on the both sides for bilateral lesion, paraseptal which is the most frequent one and transethmoidal when there is simultaneous disease in the ethmoid sinus 8. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • The nose and maxillary sinuses are the common initial site of involvement while the sphenoidal sinuses are rarely affected. (hindawi.com)
  • Are chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes affected by concurrent septoplasty performed during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for medically refractory CRS? (enttoday.org)
  • The retained discharge in the paranasal sinuses secondary to rhinosinusitis that follows the disease hinders SNP staging. (bjorl.org)
  • Therefore, by the time oral lesions are present, considerable destruction of the maxilla and maxillary sinus may have occurred. (medscape.com)
  • The signs and symptoms frequently found in patients with cavernous sinus lesions include visual loss, proptosis, ocular and conjunctival congestion, elevation of ocular pressure, ophthalmoplegia, and pain. (medscape.com)
  • Other types of pathology in the brain stem segment are neoplasms (mostly glioma and metastases), vascular lesions (infarction, cavernoma) and infections (rhombencephalitis). (radiologyassistant.nl)
  • Chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or bizarre mouth lesions, especially in patients with HIV disease, those with lymphoproliferative disorders, persons with diabetes mellitus, or those who have been in endemic areas, may suggest the diagnosis and patients should be treated in consultation with a physician with appropriate expertise. (medscape.com)
  • Lacrimal passage intubation in combination with expansive resection of the inner wall of the maxillary sinus by nasal endoscopy for maxillary sinus lesions[J]. J Otolaryngol Ophthalmol Shandong University, 2010, 24(4): 37-39. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Anaesthetic problems in excisional surgery for malignant lesions of oral cavity and maxillary antrum. (ijhns.com)
  • The nerve is composed of three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular, which provide sensory innervation to structures of the face, sinuses, and portions of the cranial vault. (ouhsc.edu)
  • 6 Cranial and facial Bones  Inferior nasal concha: surrounded anteriorly by maxillary bone  Lacrimal bone: visible between maxilla anteriorly and ethmoid posteriorly  Palatine bone 1. (slideshare.net)
  • Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common amongst the Yoruba ethinc group. (bvsalud.org)
  • Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common among the dwellers of sub-Saharan Africa. (bvsalud.org)
  • Schneiderian papilloma is a benign epithelial neoplasm. (greek.doctor)
  • Objective To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic medial maxillectomy in combination with lacrimal passage implantation of tube for sinonasal inverted papilloma invading maxillary sinus. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Methods From January 2006 to October 2010, 32 patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma invading maxillary sinus received endoscopic medial maxillectomy in combination with lacrimal passage implantation of tube in our hospital. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Conclusion Endoscopic medial maxillectomy is a good technique for maxillary sinus inverted papilloma of T 3 Krouse stage, and lacrimal passage implantation of tube can be used to prevent stenosis of nasolacrymal duct. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Endoscopic medial maxillectomy in combination with lacrimal passage implantation of tube for sinonasal inverted papilloma invading maxillary sinus[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY (OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND OPHTHALMOLOGY), 2014, 28(5): 42-44. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • 1] Eggers G, Muhling J, Hassfeld S. Inverted papilloma of paranasal sinuses[J]. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, 2007, 35(1):21-29. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Squamous cell papilloma is another benign neoplasm. (greek.doctor)
  • Most often, these are neoplasms of epithelial origin. (mknc.ru)
  • It is a slow-growing, persistent, and locally aggressive neoplasm of epithelial origin. (washington.edu)
  • We herein describe the case of a 32-year-old male patient with recurrent epistaxis, nasal obstruction, and facial deformity due to a giant cavernous hemangioma successfully treated by endoscopic sinus surgery. (amjcaserep.com)
  • It allows understanding of the three-dimensional anatomy affected by diseases, making decisions about the associated surgical treatment, and a functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning with gadolinium injection was performed and revealed a homogeneous mass lesion (2.8cm x 2.3cm x 2.9cm) occupying the sphenoidal sinus and invading and destroying the clivus (Figure 2 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Before surgery, the patient underwent angiographic evaluation, with evidence of main irrigation of the lesion by the right maxillary artery, which was then embolized. (amjcaserep.com)
  • Cavernous hemangioma is a benign lesion of the paranasal sinuses. (amjcaserep.com)
  • A computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed a lesion occupying the whole inferior nasal fossa, whereas it excluded local invasion of the maxillary sinus and rhinopharynx (fig 1A). (bmj.com)
  • A) Axial computed tomography scan of the nasal sinuses shows a polypoid lesion occupying the whole inferior nasal fossa. (bmj.com)
  • If this mitotic activity is the major component of the cyst laryngeal papillomatosis newborn, laryngeal papillomatosis newborn may be better to consider the lesion a cystic neoplasm rather than a simple cyst 6. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • removal of benign neoplasms of the larynx. (dvfu.ru)
  • They generally recur more and behave more aggressively in terms of early invasion of the maxillary sinus (4, 6). (washington.edu)
  • The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. (lookformedical.com)
  • larger OKCs tend to expand bone, but mildly- obvious clinical expansion (which is the case in this patient) should be viewed with suspicion for a neoplasm . (washington.edu)
  • In panoramic and periapical radiographs the alveolar bone had no resorption and the floor of the maxillary sinus appeared intact. (9lib.co)
  • On the second hospital day, a transoral maxillary sinus biopsy was performed and bilateral bone marrow aspirates were obtained. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Dental sockets provide a pathway of invasion to the alveolar process of the maxillary bone and into the maxillary sinus. (medscape.com)
  • Primary small cell undifferentiated (neuroendocrine) carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Yunaiyama D, Tsukahara K, Okubo M, Saito K . Clinical Outcomes of Intra-arterial Chemoradiotherapy and Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery for Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma. (brieflands.com)
  • Sphenoid sinus: hollow space filling body, immediately below hypophyseal fossa 2. (slideshare.net)
  • 65 cone-beam computed tomograms of patients with X-ray signs of chronic odontogenic inflammatory processes in the maxillary sinus (main group) and 65 without sinus diseases (control group) were studied. (surgery.by)
  • There are numerous diseases evoking cavernous sinus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • In 1976, McClure referred that there were characteristic abnormalities suggestive of SNP at CT scan that could help the differential diagnosis of other diseases that affect the nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • An idiopathic inflammation of the walls of the cavernous sinuses is referred to as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer of the nasal cavity is a malignant tumor that affects the nasal cavity, maxillary, frontal, ethmoid or sphenoid paranasal sinuses. (mknc.ru)
  • Treatment tactics for cancer of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity are determined individually, taking into account the localization, size, histological type and prevalence of the neoplasm. (mknc.ru)
  • In the Moscow Clinical Scientific and Practical Center named after A. S. Loginov, the treatment of patients with cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is carried out jointly by doctors of diagnostic services, endoscopists, surgeons, chemotherapists, radiologists, pathologists. (mknc.ru)
  • Dental Implants, Basal Implants for Immediate Loading (Teeth in a Day/ Fixed teeth in 72 hours), Zygomatic Implants & Tubero-Pterygoid Implants for Post Cancer or Post Traumatic Defects, Maxillary Sinus Lifts and Ridge Expansion for Resorbed ridges. (ststephenshospital.org)
  • Cavernous sinus syndrome describes symptoms comprising ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, proptosis, Horner syndrome , and/or trigeminal sensory loss evoked by vascular, inflammatory, traumatic, congenital, or neoplastic processes affecting the cavernous sinus near the midline of the frontotemporal part at the base of the skull. (medscape.com)
  • The most often reported are: intra- and extracavernous or metastatic neoplasms, intra-cavernous carotid artery aneurysms, carotid-cavernous fistulas (see image below), infections, thrombosis, and Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Occasionally, cavernous sinus syndrome is the first manifestation of a systemic neoplasm (leukemia, lymphoma). (medscape.com)
  • Retrobulbar pain, drooping of the upper eyelid, and diplopia may be the first symptoms indicating the lesion's extension to the cavernous sinus. (medscape.com)
  • These may involve the cavernous sinuses or the walls of the sinus. (medscape.com)
  • Sarcoid or Wegener granulomatosis may also predispose to cavernous sinus syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • To improve the diagnostics of chronic inflammatory processes of odontogenic etiology and neoplasia in the maxillary sinus. (surgery.by)
  • Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a condition with a controversial aethiology, known by bilaterally inflammatory mucous membranes of nasal and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a term used to describe an inflammatory condition of the mucosa surface of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses 1, 2. (bjorl.org)
  • Ameloblastoma is one of the most common benign neoplasms of odontogenic origin. (washington.edu)
  • Fabrication and use of an intracavitary radiotherapeutic applicator for the posterior sinus wall: a case report. (wanfangdata.com.cn)
  • Transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy as the initial oncologic approach to sinonasal neoplasms: the anatomic basis[J]. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery, 2007, 133(11):1139-1142. (sdu.edu.cn)
  • Respiratory mucus traps foreign material and moves it out of the sinuses and nasal cavity toward the nasopharynx 6. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Rhinoendoscopy revealed a mass at the sphenoidal sinus which was biopsied and histological examination revealed a malignant lymphoma. (hindawi.com)
  • Refinement of other surgical techniques includes medial endoscopic maxillectomy and resection of nasosinusal neoplasms. (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • Aggarwal, Sushil Frontal sinus mucocele with orbital complications: Management by varied surgical approaches. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Sinus mucocele: Natural history and long-term recurrence rate. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Of a great importance in mucocele pathology is the mucociliary clearance and apical junctional complexes between epithelial cells, which comprise a mechanical barrier between host and environment, and provides the first line of host defense for the nose and sinuses. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Mucoceles mostly develop laryngeal papillomatosis newborn the frontal sinus and less commonly in the ethmoid cell system or in the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • When infection involves the palate, this finding may be only the initial indication of considerable antecedent destruction of the maxilla and maxillary sinus. (medscape.com)
  • This report is unique in two aspects: the unilateral abducens nerve palsy as the initial and isolated symptom of ENKL, and the primary sphenoidal sinus ENKL. (hindawi.com)
  • The common causes of unilateral abducens nerve palsy are neoplasm and vascular disease in middle-aged people [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Herein we report a case with unilateral abducens nerve palsy as initial symptom in the primary sphenoidal sinus ENKL and investigated the clinical feature of the diagnosis and therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • The finding of pronounced nuclear pleomorphism associated with prominent myxoid matrix in an otherwise leiomyogenic tumour has not been previously reported at this site and must be distinguished from other neoplasms and non-neoplastic processes. (bmj.com)
  • Immunohistochemical staining of neoplasms was performed from biopsies samples. (hindawi.com)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis that demonstrates the endothelial nature of the neoplasm is frequently positive for specific vascular markers (CD31, CD34, factor VIII), and keratin 1,2,5,6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Delineation of variations in the anatomy of the frontal recess, and in the difficult regions adjacent to the sinuses, provides important surgical guidelines. (ebooksmedicine.net)
  • Recall from anatomy that the maxillary sinus isn't easily drained, so an empyema inside the maxillary sinus may form. (greek.doctor)