Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; (e.g., EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC). Nocturnal myoclonus is the principal feature of the NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS SYNDROME. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp102-3).
A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic (i.e., occurring secondary to known disease processes such as infections, hypoxic-ischemic injuries, trauma, etc.).
A heterogeneous group of primarily familial disorders characterized by myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, ataxia, progressive intellectual deterioration, and neuronal degeneration. These include LAFORA DISEASE; MERRF SYNDROME; NEURONAL CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; sialidosis (see MUCOLIPIDOSES), and UNVERRICHT-LUNDBORG SYNDROME.
A form of stimulus sensitive myoclonic epilepsy inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. The most common presenting feature is a single seizure in the second decade of life. This is followed by progressive myoclonus, myoclonic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, focal occipital seizures, intellectual decline, and severe motor and coordination impairments. Most affected individuals do not live past the age of 25 years. Concentric amyloid (Lafora) bodies are found in neurons, liver, skin, bone, and muscle (From Menkes, Textbook of Childhood Neurology, 5th ed, pp111-110)
An autosomal recessive condition characterized by recurrent myoclonic and generalized seizures, ATAXIA, slowly progressive intellectual deterioration, dysarthria, and intention tremor. Myoclonic seizures are severe and continuous, and tend to be triggered by movement, stress, and sensory stimuli. The age of onset is between 8 and 13 years, and the condition is relatively frequent in the Baltic region, especially Finland. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp109-110)
An intracellular cystatin subtype that is found in a broad variety of cell types. It is a cytosolic enzyme inhibitor that protects the cell against the proteolytic action of lysosomal enzymes such as CATHEPSINS.
An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.
An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes.
A condition marked by progressive CEREBELLAR ATAXIA combined with MYOCLONUS usually presenting in the third decade of life or later. Additional clinical features may include generalized and focal SEIZURES, spasticity, and DYSKINESIAS. Autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant patterns of inheritance have been reported. Pathologically, the dentate nucleus and brachium conjunctivum of the CEREBELLUM are atrophic, with variable involvement of the spinal cord, cerebellar cortex, and basal ganglia. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1991, Ch37, pp60-1)
The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERIPHERAL NERVES to CEREBRUM.
A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy characterized clinically by a mixed seizure disorder, myoclonus, progressive ataxia, spasticity, and a mild myopathy. Dysarthria, optic atrophy, growth retardation, deafness, and dementia may also occur. This condition tends to present in childhood and to be transmitted via maternal lineage. Muscle biopsies reveal ragged-red fibers and respiratory chain enzymatic defects. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p986)
A subcategory of protein tyrosine phosphatases that occur in the CYTOPLASM. Many of the proteins in this category play a role in intracellular signal transduction.
An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).
Continuous involuntary sustained muscle contraction which is often a manifestation of BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES. When an affected muscle is passively stretched, the degree of resistance remains constant regardless of the rate at which the muscle is stretched. This feature helps to distinguish rigidity from MUSCLE SPASTICITY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p73)
Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.
Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.
Incoordination of voluntary movements that occur as a manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES. Characteristic features include a tendency for limb movements to overshoot or undershoot a target (dysmetria), a tremor that occurs during attempted movements (intention TREMOR), impaired force and rhythm of diadochokinesis (rapidly alternating movements), and GAIT ATAXIA. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p90)
Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.
Production of drugs or biologicals which are unlikely to be manufactured by private industry unless special incentives are provided by others.
A large group of diseases which are characterized by a low prevalence in the population. They frequently are associated with problems in diagnosis and treatment.
A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears.
A group of dominantly inherited, predominately late-onset, cerebellar ataxias which have been divided into multiple subtypes based on clinical features and genetic mapping. Progressive ataxia is a central feature of these conditions, and in certain subtypes POLYNEUROPATHY; DYSARTHRIA; visual loss; and other disorders may develop. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch65, pp 12-17; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1998 Jun;57(6):531-43)

Effect of riluzole on the neurological and neuropathological changes in an animal model of cardiac arrest-induced movement disorder. (1/194)

Posthypoxic myoclonus and seizures precipitate as secondary neurological consequences in ischemic/hypoxic insults of the central nervous system. Neuronal hyperexcitation may be due to excessive activation of glutamatergic neurotransmission, an effect that has been shown to follow ischemic/hypoxic events. Therefore, riluzole, an anticonvulsant that inhibits the release of glutamate by stabilizing the inactivated state of activated voltage-sensitive sodium channels, was tested for its antimyoclonic and neuroprotective properties in the cardiac arrest-induced animal model of posthypoxic myoclonus. Riluzole (4-12 mg/kg i.p.) dose-dependently attenuated the audiogenic seizures and action myoclonus seen in this animal model. Histological examination using Nissl staining and the novel Fluoro-Jade histochemistry in cardiac-arrested animals showed an extensive neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and cerebellum. Riluzole treatment almost completely prevented the neuronal degeneration in these brain areas. The neuroprotective effect was more pronounced in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells. These effects were seen at therapeutically relevant doses of riluzole, and the animals tolerated the treatment well. These findings indicate that the pathogenesis of posthypoxic myoclonus and seizure may involve excessive activation of glutamate neurotransmission, and that riluzole may serve as an effective pharmacological agent with neuroprotective potential for the treatment of neurological conditions associated with cardiac arrest in humans.  (+info)

Coherent cortical and muscle discharge in cortical myoclonus. (2/194)

There is increasing evidence in man that the cortical drive to motor neurons is rhythmic. This oscillatory drive may be exaggerated in patients with cortical myoclonus. Spectral analysis of surface bipolar EEG and EMG activity was performed in eight such patients. Only three cases had evidence of giant cortical evoked potentials or a cortical correlate on back-averaging at the time of study. In six subjects, significant coherence between contralateral and vertex EEG and EMG was observed in ranges similar to that previously reported for normal subjects (15-30 and 30-60 Hz). Three out of these six subjects also had significant coherence at higher frequencies (up to 175 Hz). All eight patients had a correlate in the cumulant density estimate between EEG and contralateral EMG. EMG lagged EEG by about 14, 25 and 35 ms for the muscles of the forearm, hand and foot, respectively. These delays were estimated from the slope of the phase curves and the timing of the peaks in the cumulant density estimates, and are appropriate for conduction in fast pyramidal pathways. The results provide clear evidence of a cortical drive synchronizing muscle discharge over a broad range of frequencies in patients with cortical myoclonus. Fourier analysis is a promising technique in the diagnosis and investigation of such patients.  (+info)

Quantization of continuous arm movements in humans with brain injury. (3/194)

Segmentation of apparently continuous movement has been reported for over a century by human movement researchers, but the existence of primitive submovements has never been proved. In 20 patients recovering from a single cerebral vascular accident (stroke), we identified the apparent submovements that composed a continuous arm motion in an unloaded task. Kinematic analysis demonstrated a submovement speed profile that was invariant across patients with different brain lesions and provided experimental verification of the detailed shape of primitive submovements. The submovement shape was unaffected by its peak speed, and to test further the invariance of shape with speed, we analyzed movement behavior in a patient with myoclonus. This patient occasionally made involuntary shock-like arm movements, which occurred near the maximum capacity of the neuromuscular system, exhibited speed profiles that were comparable to those identified in stroke patients, and were also independent of speed.  (+info)

Association of a missense change in the D2 dopamine receptor with myoclonus dystonia. (4/194)

Hereditary autosomal dominant myoclonus dystonia (MD) is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary lightning jerks and dystonic movements and postures alleviated by alcohol. Although various large families with MD have been described, no positive linkage has been found to a chromosomal location. We report a family with eight members with MD. Linkage analysis identified a 23-centimorgan region on chromosome 11q23 that cosegregates with the disease state (maximum multipoint logarithm of odds score = 2.96 at D11S897). This region contains an excellent candidate gene for involvement in the etiology of MD, the D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene. Neurotransmission mediated by DRD2 is known to have a key role in the control of movement and also has been implicated in reward and reinforcement mechanisms and psychiatric disorders. Sequencing of the coding region of DRD2 indicated that all affected and obligate carriers were heterozygous for a Val154Ile change in exon 3 of the protein, which is highly conserved across species. This change was found neither in other unaffected members of the pedigree nor in 250 control chromosomes. Our finding provides evidence for the involvement of DRD2 in a disorder of the central nervous system and should lead to further insight into the function of the dopaminergic system in dystonia and other movement and mood disorders.  (+info)

Palatal myoclonus in postinfectious opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome : a case report. (5/194)

An adult male presenting with acute onset opsoclonus, myoclonus and cerebellar ataxia is being reported. Patient had myoclonus involving limbs and palate. There are only a few reported cases associated with palatal myoclonus. Patient showed gradual spontaneous recovery. Possibility of underlying malignancy was excluded by detailed investigations.  (+info)

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration: metaanalysis of the temporal evolution of MR findings. (6/194)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is usually caused by a lesion in the triangle of Guillain and Mollaret and presents clinically as palatal tremor. Although the imaging features have been well described, the temporal course of hypertrophy and T2 signal increase in the inferior olivary nucleus (ION) has not been fully characterized. Our purpose was to evaluate the time course of MR imaging features of HOD caused by a lesion within the triangle of Guillain and Mollaret. METHODS: The temporal progression of HOD in 45 patients with symptomatic palatal tremor was obtained by extrapolation of combined MR imaging data from six patients treated at our institution and 39 patients reported in the literature. The MR examinations and reports were reviewed for presence of hyperintense signal in the ION on T2-weighted images, hypertrophy of the ION, and an inciting lesion in the triangle of Guillain and Mollaret. The interval between the MR examination and the inciting lesion was determined. RESULTS: Increased olivary signal on T2-weighted images first appeared 1 month after the inciting lesion and persisted for at least 3 to 4 years. Olivary hypertrophy initially developed 6 months after the acute event and resolved by 3 to 4 years. CONCLUSION: Visible changes on MR images in the ION in patients with a lesion in the triangle of Guillain and Mollaret correlate well with the described sequential histopathologic findings.  (+info)

Role of primary sensorimotor cortices in generating inhibitory motor response in humans. (7/194)

To clarify the mechanism by which inhibitory motor responses such as cortical negative myoclonus are generated in humans, three patients with medically intractable partial epilepsy (two with frontal lobe epilepsy and one with parietal lobe epilepsy) were studied by means of direct cortical stimulation with a single electric pulse through subdural electrodes. All underwent chronic long-term video/EEG monitoring, cortical mapping by 50 Hz electric cortical stimulation and recording of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials with chronically implanted subdural grid electrodes (3 mm in diameter and centre-to-centre distance of 1 cm) to map both epileptogenic and functional zones. After these clinical evaluations, cortical stimulation by single electric pulse (0.3 ms duration, 1 Hz) was carried out through pairs of subdural electrodes located at the primary sensorimotor area (MI-SI), pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and lateral negative motor area (lateral NMA), while surface EMG was recorded from the muscles of the contralateral hand. The results showed that (i) in all subjects, single pulse stimulation of MI-SI elicited a motor evoked potential (MEP) followed by a silent period (SP) in the contralateral distal hand muscles, the latter lasting 300 ms after the stimulus. The duration of SP was proportional to the size of the preceding MEP. In one subject, SP without any preceding MEP was elicited, and, in another subject, there was a short SP immediately before MEP in the contralateral thenar muscle. (ii) Following the stimulation of either pre-SMA or lateral NMA, no SP was observed. It is concluded that the inhibitory mechanism within the MI-SI, but probably not in the non-primary motor areas, either closely linked to or completely independent of excitation, most likely plays an important role in eliciting brief negative motor phenomena such as cortical negative myoclonus or SP.  (+info)

Palatal myoclonus: report of two cases. (8/194)

We describe two cases of palatal myoclonus (PM), one essential and another secondary to a stroke. Case 1: a 64 years old female who developed clicking sounds in both ears after a stroke and three years later on noticed a progressive involuntary movement of the throat associated with rhythmic contractions of the soft palate, muscles of tongue and throat. MRI showed an ischemic area in brainstem. The patient had a partial response to the use of sumatriptan 6 mg subcutaneously. Case 2: a 66 years old female who began with ear clicking at left ear that worsed slowly associated with tinnitus and arrhythmic movements of soft palate and an audible click at left ear. Brain MRI was normal; audiometry showed bilateral neurosensory loss. She was prescribed clonazepan 1 mg daily with complete recovery. Primary and secondary palatal myoclonus share the same clinical features but probably have different pathophysiological underlying mechanisms.  (+info)

Myoclonus is a medical term that describes a quick, involuntary jerking muscle spasm. These spasms can happen once or repeat in a series, and they can range from mild to severe in nature. Myoclonus can affect any muscle in the body and can be caused by several different conditions, including certain neurological disorders, injuries, or diseases. In some cases, myoclonus may occur without an identifiable cause.

There are various types of myoclonus, classified based on their underlying causes, patterns of occurrence, and associated symptoms. Some common forms include:

1. Action myoclonus: Occurs during voluntary muscle movements
2. Stimulus-sensitive myoclonus: Triggered by external or internal stimuli, such as touch, sound, or light
3. Physiological myoclonus: Normal muscle jerks that occur during sleep onset (hypnic jerks) or during sleep (nocturnal myoclonus)
4. Reflex myoclonus: Result of a reflex arc activation due to a peripheral nerve stimulation
5. Epileptic myoclonus: Part of an epilepsy syndrome, often involving the brainstem or cortex
6. Symptomatic myoclonus: Occurs as a result of an underlying medical condition, such as metabolic disorders, infections, or neurodegenerative diseases

Treatment for myoclonus depends on the specific type and underlying cause. Medications, physical therapy, or lifestyle modifications may be recommended to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Myoclonic epilepsies are a group of epilepsy syndromes characterized by the presence of myoclonic seizures. A myoclonic seizure is a type of seizure that involves quick, involuntary muscle jerks or twitches. These seizures can affect one part of the body or multiple parts simultaneously and may vary in frequency and severity.

Myoclonic epilepsies can occur at any age but are more common in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. Some myoclonic epilepsy syndromes have a genetic basis, while others may be associated with brain injury, infection, or other medical conditions.

Some examples of myoclonic epilepsy syndromes include:

1. Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME): This is the most common type of myoclonic epilepsy and typically begins in adolescence. It is characterized by myoclonic jerks, often occurring upon awakening or after a period of relaxation, as well as generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
2. Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsies (PME): These are rare inherited disorders that typically begin in childhood or adolescence and involve both myoclonic seizures and other types of seizures. PMEs often progress to include cognitive decline, movement disorders, and other neurological symptoms.
3. Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS): This is a severe form of epilepsy that typically begins in early childhood and involves multiple types of seizures, including myoclonic seizures. LGS can be difficult to treat and often results in cognitive impairment and developmental delays.
4. Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsy (MAE): Also known as Doose syndrome, MAE is a childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by myoclonic seizures, atonic seizures (brief periods of muscle weakness or loss of tone), and other types of seizures. It often responds well to treatment with antiepileptic drugs.

The management of myoclonic epilepsies typically involves a combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, dietary modifications. The specific treatment plan will depend on the type of myoclonic epilepsy and its underlying cause.

Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsies (PME) is a group of rare, genetic disorders characterized by myoclonus (rapid, involuntary muscle jerks), tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures), and progressive neurological deterioration. The term "progressive" refers to the worsening of symptoms over time.

The myoclonic epilepsies are classified as progressive due to the underlying neurodegenerative process that affects the brain, leading to a decline in cognitive abilities, motor skills, and overall functioning. These disorders usually begin in childhood or adolescence and tend to worsen with age.

Examples of PMEs include:

1. Lafora disease: A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the EPM2A or NHLRC1 genes, leading to the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates called Lafora bodies in neurons. Symptoms typically start between ages 6 and 16 and include myoclonus, seizures, and progressive neurological decline.
2. Unverricht-Lundborg disease: Also known as Baltic myoclonus, this is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CSTB gene. It is characterized by progressive myoclonic epilepsy, ataxia (loss of coordination), and cognitive decline. Symptoms usually begin between ages 6 and 18.
3. Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs): A group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of lipopigments in neurons. Several types of NCLs can present with progressive myoclonic epilepsy, including CLN2 (late-infantile NCL), CLN3 (juvenile NCL), and CLN6 (early juvenile NCL).
4. Myoclonus Epilepsy Associated with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF): A mitochondrial disorder caused by mutations in the MT-TK gene, leading to myoclonic epilepsy, ataxia, and ragged red fibers on muscle biopsy.
5. Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy (DRPLA): An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the ATN1 gene, characterized by myoclonic epilepsy, ataxia, chorea (involuntary movements), and dementia.

These are just a few examples of disorders that can present with progressive myoclonic epilepsy. It is essential to consult a neurologist or epileptologist for proper diagnosis and management.

Lafora Disease is a rare, inherited, progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) disorder. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal glycogen particles called Lafora Bodies in nerve cells (neurons) throughout the body, most prominently in the brain and muscle tissue.

The disease typically begins in late childhood or early adolescence with symptoms such as:
- Seizures (myoclonic jerks, tonic-clonic seizures, absence seizures)
- Visual hallucinations
- Dementia
- Speech difficulties
- Muscle stiffness and rigidity
- Difficulty walking and coordinating movements

Lafora Disease is caused by mutations in either the EPM2A or NHLRC1 gene, which play a role in regulating glycogen metabolism. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) to develop the condition.

There is currently no cure for Lafora Disease and treatment is focused on managing symptoms with anti-epileptic drugs and supportive care. The prognosis for individuals with Lafora Disease is poor, with most individuals not surviving beyond their mid-20s.

Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome, also known as Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy type 1 or PME1, is a rare inherited neurological disorder characterized by progressive myoclonus (involuntary jerking movements), tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal seizures), and sometimes cognitive decline. It typically begins in childhood or adolescence. The condition is caused by mutations in the CSTB gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called cystatin B that helps regulate the activity of enzymes involved in brain function. The exact role of cystatin B in the brain and how its deficiency leads to Unverricht-Lundborg syndrome is not fully understood.

Cystatin B is a type of protease inhibitor that belongs to the cystatin superfamily. It is primarily produced in the central nervous system and is found in various body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid and urine. Cystatin B plays a crucial role in regulating protein catabolism by inhibiting lysosomal cysteine proteases, which are enzymes that break down proteins.

Defects or mutations in the gene that encodes for cystatin B have been associated with a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder known as Uner Tan Syndrome (UTS). UTS is characterized by language impairment, mental retardation, and distinctive facial features. The exact mechanism by which cystatin B deficiency leads to this disorder is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve the dysregulation of protein catabolism in neurons, leading to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration.

Clonazepam is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. It is primarily used to treat seizure disorders, panic attacks, and anxiety. Clonazepam works by increasing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that has a calming effect on the nervous system.

The medication comes in tablet or orally disintegrating tablet form and is typically taken two to three times per day. Common side effects of clonazepam include dizziness, drowsiness, and coordination problems. It can also cause memory problems, mental confusion, and depression.

Like all benzodiazepines, clonazepam has the potential for abuse and addiction, so it should be used with caution and only under the supervision of a healthcare provider. It is important to follow the dosage instructions carefully and not to stop taking the medication suddenly, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms.

It's important to note that while I strive to provide accurate information, this definition is intended to be a general overview and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for medical advice.

An abnormal reflex in a medical context refers to an involuntary and exaggerated response or lack of response to a stimulus that is not expected in the normal physiological range. These responses can be indicative of underlying neurological disorders or damage to the nervous system. Examples include hyperreflexia (overactive reflexes) and hyporeflexia (underactive reflexes). The assessment of reflexes is an important part of a physical examination, as it can provide valuable information about the functioning of the nervous system.

Myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia is not a widely recognized or formally defined medical term. However, based on its individual components, it can be inferred to refer to a neurological condition characterized by:

1. Myoclonus: These are sudden, involuntary jerking movements of a muscle or group of muscles. They typically occur as a result of hyperexcitability of the neurons in the brain that control movement (motor neurons).
2. Cerebellar: The cerebellum is a part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements, maintaining posture and balance, and fine-tuning motor skills. When a condition is described as "cerebellar," it implies that there is some dysfunction or abnormality in this region of the brain.
3. Dyssynergia: This term refers to a lack of coordination between muscles and muscle groups during voluntary movements. It can result from damage to the cerebellum or other parts of the nervous system involved in motor control.

Therefore, myoclonic cerebellar dyssynergia could be interpreted as a condition characterized by involuntary muscle jerks (myoclonus) and impaired coordination of voluntary movements (dyssynergia), likely due to cerebellar dysfunction. However, it is essential to consult with a medical professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan if you or someone else experiences symptoms that may align with this description.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) are electrical signals generated in the brain and spinal cord in response to the stimulation of peripheral nerves. These responses are recorded and measured to assess the functioning of the somatosensory system, which is responsible for processing sensations such as touch, temperature, vibration, and proprioception (the sense of the position and movement of body parts).

SEPs are typically elicited by applying electrical stimuli to peripheral nerves in the arms or legs. The resulting neural responses are then recorded using electrodes placed on the scalp or other locations on the body. These recordings can provide valuable information about the integrity and function of the nervous system, and are often used in clinical settings to diagnose and monitor conditions such as nerve damage, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and other neurological disorders.

SEPs can be further categorized based on the specific type of stimulus used and the location of the recording electrodes. For example, short-latency SEPs (SLSEPs) are those that occur within the first 50 milliseconds after stimulation, and are typically recorded from the scalp over the primary sensory cortex. These responses reflect the earliest stages of sensory processing and can be used to assess the integrity of the peripheral nerves and the ascending sensory pathways in the spinal cord.

In contrast, long-latency SEPs (LLSEPs) occur after 50 milliseconds and are typically recorded from more posterior regions of the scalp over the parietal cortex. These responses reflect later stages of sensory processing and can be used to assess higher-level cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and perception.

Overall, SEPs provide a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers seeking to understand the functioning of the somatosensory system and diagnose or monitor neurological disorders.

Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF) is a rare mitochondrial disorder, which is a group of genetic disorders that affect the energy production within cells. It is characterized by multiple symptoms including myoclonus (jerky, involuntary muscle spasms), epilepsy (recurrent seizures), ataxia (lack of coordination and balance), dementia, and weakness. The name "MERRF" comes from the characteristic finding of "ragged red fibers" in muscle biopsies when viewed under a microscope using special stains. These fibers are abnormal muscle cells containing clusters of abnormal mitochondria. MERRF is caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA, most commonly the A8344G point mutation in the MT-TK gene. It is typically inherited from the mother and can affect multiple organs throughout the body.

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor (PTPNs) are a type of enzymes that play a crucial role in the regulation of various cellular processes by removing phosphate groups from tyrosine residues of proteins. Unlike receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases, PTPNs do not have a transmembrane domain and are located in the cytoplasm. They are involved in several signaling pathways that control cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival. Dysregulation of PTPN function has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

Lisuride is a type of medication called a dopamine agonist, which works by stimulating dopamine receptors in the brain. It is primarily used to treat Parkinson's disease and related disorders, as it can help to alleviate symptoms such as stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control.

Lisuride may also be used off-label for other conditions, such as certain types of headaches or cluster headaches. It is available in the form of tablets and is typically taken several times a day, with dosages adjusted based on individual patient needs and responses to treatment.

As with any medication, lisuride can have side effects, including nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, and orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure upon standing). It is important for patients taking this medication to follow their healthcare provider's instructions carefully and report any unusual symptoms or concerns.

Muscle rigidity is a term used to describe an increased resistance to passive movement or muscle tone that is present at rest, which cannot be overcome by the person. It is a common finding in various neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, stiff-person syndrome, and tetanus. In these conditions, muscle rigidity can result from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex arc or abnormalities in the basal ganglia circuitry.

Muscle rigidity should be distinguished from spasticity, which is a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone that occurs during voluntary movement or passive stretching. Spasticity is often seen in upper motor neuron lesions such as stroke or spinal cord injury.

It's important to note that the assessment of muscle rigidity requires a careful physical examination and may need to be evaluated in conjunction with other signs and symptoms to determine an underlying cause.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a medical procedure that records electrical activity in the brain. It uses small, metal discs called electrodes, which are attached to the scalp with paste or a specialized cap. These electrodes detect tiny electrical charges that result from the activity of brain cells, and the EEG machine then amplifies and records these signals.

EEG is used to diagnose various conditions related to the brain, such as seizures, sleep disorders, head injuries, infections, and degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. It can also be used during surgery to monitor brain activity and ensure that surgical procedures do not interfere with vital functions.

EEG is a safe and non-invasive procedure that typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour to complete, although longer recordings may be necessary in some cases. Patients are usually asked to relax and remain still during the test, as movement can affect the quality of the recording.

Electromyography (EMG) is a medical diagnostic procedure that measures the electrical activity of skeletal muscles during contraction and at rest. It involves inserting a thin needle electrode into the muscle to record the electrical signals generated by the muscle fibers. These signals are then displayed on an oscilloscope and may be heard through a speaker.

EMG can help diagnose various neuromuscular disorders, such as muscle weakness, numbness, or pain, and can distinguish between muscle and nerve disorders. It is often used in conjunction with other diagnostic tests, such as nerve conduction studies, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the nervous system.

EMG is typically performed by a neurologist or a physiatrist, and the procedure may cause some discomfort or pain, although this is usually minimal. The results of an EMG can help guide treatment decisions and monitor the progression of neuromuscular conditions over time.

Cerebellar ataxia is a type of ataxia, which refers to a group of disorders that cause difficulties with coordination and movement. Cerebellar ataxia specifically involves the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain responsible for maintaining balance, coordinating muscle movements, and regulating speech and eye movements.

The symptoms of cerebellar ataxia may include:

* Unsteady gait or difficulty walking
* Poor coordination of limb movements
* Tremors or shakiness, especially in the hands
* Slurred or irregular speech
* Abnormal eye movements, such as nystagmus (rapid, involuntary movement of the eyes)
* Difficulty with fine motor tasks, such as writing or buttoning a shirt

Cerebellar ataxia can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, including:

* Genetic disorders, such as spinocerebellar ataxia or Friedreich's ataxia
* Brain injury or trauma
* Stroke or brain hemorrhage
* Infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis
* Exposure to toxins, such as alcohol or certain medications
* Tumors or other growths in the brain

Treatment for cerebellar ataxia depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, there may be no cure, and treatment is focused on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy can help improve coordination, balance, and communication skills. Medications may also be used to treat specific symptoms, such as tremors or muscle spasticity. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to remove tumors or repair damage to the brain.

Ataxia is a medical term that refers to a group of disorders affecting coordination, balance, and speech. It is characterized by a lack of muscle control during voluntary movements, causing unsteady or awkward movements, and often accompanied by tremors. Ataxia can affect various parts of the body, such as the limbs, trunk, eyes, and speech muscles. The condition can be congenital or acquired, and it can result from damage to the cerebellum, spinal cord, or sensory nerves. There are several types of ataxia, including hereditary ataxias, degenerative ataxias, cerebellar ataxias, and acquired ataxias, each with its own specific causes, symptoms, and prognosis. Treatment for ataxia typically focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, as there is no cure for most forms of the disorder.

An "Orphan Drug" is a pharmaceutical agent that is developed to treat a rare medical condition, disorder, or disease that affects a small number of people in comparison to other conditions. In the United States, this is defined as a condition or disease that affects fewer than 200,000 people nationwide. Due to the limited market for these drugs, pharmaceutical companies are often reluctant to invest in their development and production.

"Orphan Drug Production," therefore, refers to the manufacturing process of these rare disease treatments. To encourage the development and production of orphan drugs, governments and regulatory agencies offer incentives such as tax credits, grants, and exclusive marketing rights for a certain period of time. These measures help offset the higher costs and lower profit margins associated with developing and producing orphan drugs, ultimately benefiting patients with rare diseases who often have few or no treatment options available to them.

A rare disease, also known as an orphan disease, is a health condition that affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States or fewer than 1 in 2,000 people in Europe. There are over 7,000 rare diseases identified, and many of them are severe, chronic, and often life-threatening. The causes of rare diseases can be genetic, infectious, environmental, or degenerative. Due to their rarity, research on rare diseases is often underfunded, and treatments may not be available or well-studied. Additionally, the diagnosis of rare diseases can be challenging due to a lack of awareness and understanding among healthcare professionals.

Deafness is a hearing loss that is so severe that it results in significant difficulty in understanding or comprehending speech, even when using hearing aids. It can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life due to various causes such as disease, injury, infection, exposure to loud noises, or aging. Deafness can range from mild to profound and may affect one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral). In some cases, deafness may be accompanied by tinnitus, which is the perception of ringing or other sounds in the ears.

Deaf individuals often use American Sign Language (ASL) or other forms of sign language to communicate. Some people with less severe hearing loss may benefit from hearing aids, cochlear implants, or other assistive listening devices. Deafness can have significant social, educational, and vocational implications, and early intervention and appropriate support services are critical for optimal development and outcomes.

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of genetic disorders that affect the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements. SCAs are characterized by progressive problems with balance, speech, and coordination. They are caused by mutations in various genes that result in the production of abnormal proteins that accumulate in neurons, leading to their degeneration.

There are over 40 different types of SCAs, each caused by a different genetic mutation. Some of the more common types include SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, and SCA7. The symptoms and age of onset can vary widely depending on the type of SCA.

In addition to problems with coordination and balance, people with SCAs may also experience muscle weakness, stiffness, tremors, spasticity, and difficulty swallowing or speaking. Some types of SCAs can also cause visual disturbances, hearing loss, and cognitive impairment. Currently, there is no cure for SCAs, but treatments such as physical therapy, speech therapy, and medications can help manage the symptoms.

Spinal myoclonus is myoclonus originating in the spinal cord, including segmental and propriospinal myoclonus. The latter is ... Action myoclonus is the most disabling form of myoclonus and can affect the arms, legs, face, and even the voice. It is often ... "Myoclonus Treatments and Drugs." Mayo Clinic.org. Mayo Clinic, n.d. Web. 01 May 2015. "NINDS Myoclonus Information Page." Ninds ... Anatomically, myoclonus may originate from lesions of the cortex, subcortex or spinal cord. The presence of myoclonus above the ...
... it is known as oculopalatal myoclonus. Signs and symptoms of Palatal Myoclonus include: - A rhythmic clicking sound in the ear ... Palatal myoclonus is a rare condition in which there are rhythmic jerky movements or a rapid spasm of the palatal (roof of the ... Park, S. N.; Park, K. H.; Kim, D. H.; Yeo, S. W. (Feb 7, 2011). "Palatal Myoclonus Associated with Orofacial Buccal Dystonia". ... A rare case of palatal myoclonus that associated with orofacial buccal dystonia has been treated with Botulinum toxin A ( ...
... (OMS), also known as opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia (OMA), is a rare neurological disorder of ... myoclonus, ataxia, (61) and encephalopathy (62) may be the most complete, but opsoclonus-myoclonus will be used here. Mitchell ... Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia (POMA) "Orphanet: Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome". www.orpha.net. Retrieved 29 ... "Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)". Retrieved 2015-09-04. Cooper R, Khakoo Y, ...
In Myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) the person experiences generalized epilepsy along with myoclonus, weakness ... The most common symptom of PME is myoclonus. The myoclonus can be fragmented or multifocal and can be triggered by posture, ... Unverricht-Lundborg disease (Baltic myoclonus) Myoclonus epilepsy and ragged red fibres (MERRF syndrome) Lafora disease ... Nevertheless, severe myoclonus can lead to injury by falling and becoming reliant on a wheelchair. Because PME is so rare it is ...
... (BNSM) is the occurrence of myoclonus (jerky movements) during sleep. It is not associated with ... Di Capua, M; Fusco, L; Ricci, S; Vigevano, F (April 1993). "Benign neonatal sleep myoclonus: clinical features and video- ... The myoclonic jerks occur during non-REM sleep.[citation needed] "Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus: eMedicine Pediatrics: ...
... , also known as Progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 6 is a rare genetic type of ... "GOSR2-related progressive myoclonus ataxia , Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program". 2021-03- ... "A mutation in the Golgi Qb-SNARE gene GOSR2 causes progressive myoclonus epilepsy with early ataxia". American Journal of Human ... clinical characterization of progressive myoclonus ataxia caused by GOSR2 mutation". Movement Disorders. 29 (1): 139-143. doi: ...
... is a very rare genetic disorder which is characterized by myoclonic ... Ataxia is usually one of the first symptoms of this disorder, followed by early/mid childhood-onset myoclonus, which can lead ... "PRICKLE1-related progressive myoclonus epilepsy with ataxia: MedlinePlus Genetics". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2022-06-06. ...
Case of myoclonus. (Brain, 1905, 28, 362.) With J. Sherren: The consequences of injury to the peripheral nerves in man. (Brain ...
"Lafora Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy". Epilepsy Foundation. Retrieved 2017-12-13. Lafora's disease at Who Named It? Rai, ... Ianzano L, Zhang J, Chan EM, Zhao XC, Lohi H, Scherer SW, Minassian BA (2005). "Lafora progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy mutation ... "Lafora Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy". Epilepsy Foundation. Retrieved 2017-12-12. "Lafora Disease in Dogs - Symptoms, Causes, ... Lafora disease is a rare, adult-onset and autosomal recessive genetic disorder which results in myoclonus epilepsy and usually ...
Action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome: a previously unrecognized neurological disorder unmasked by advances in nephrology. In ... Myoclonus (Advances in Neurology, Vol 43). New York, Raven Press 1986: 87-103 "Lifetime Achievement Award - Frederick Andermann ...
NPR2 Action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome; 254900; SCARB2 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, long chain, deficiency of; 201460; ACADL ...
It is a disease that presents Myoclonus as a sequela of hypoxic disorders in the brain due to asphyxiation and cardiopulmonary ... 357-360, doi:10.11251/ojjscn.41.357 Lance JW, Adams RD (1963). "The Syndrome of Intention or Action Myoclonus as a Sequel to ... A condition that presents with functional myoclonus associated with increased cortical excitability in a few weeks. It was ... S. Frucht; S. Fahn (2000). "The clinical spectrum of posthypoxic myoclonus". Movement Disorders. 15 (Suppl 1): 2-7. doi:10.1002 ...
Myoclonus can be positive or negative; positive myoclonus results from brief spurts of muscle activity and negative myoclonus ... Myoclonus is a precursor effect to myoclonus dystonia and most commonly begins in childhood or adolescence. Myoclonus is ... Although myoclonus and dystonia are present in myoclonus dystonia patients, optimum treatment for myoclonus dystonia differs ... myoclonus and dystonia. For the majority of individuals with myoclonus dystonia, the myoclonus component of the disorder is ...
October 2003). "Mutations in NHLRC1 cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy". Nature Genetics. 35 (2): 125-7. doi:10.1038/ng1238. ...
Other presentations include ataxia and opsoclonus-myoclonus. In a small series of 20 patients with anti-GABA-BR, about 50% were ... Patients with AIE may present movement disorders such as ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, and orofacial dyskinesia. Seizures are ... Anti-GlyR antibodies were first described in patients with progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus and later ... Patients with anti-DPPX antibodies show neuropsychiatric symptoms (agitation and confusion), myoclonus, tremor, startle reflex ...
... myoclonus". BMJ Case Reports. 2013: bcr2012008245. doi:10.1136/bcr-2012-008245. ISSN 1757-790X. PMC 3604390. PMID 23386493. v t ...
Mutations in a gene encoding a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy. 1998. Nature Genetics ... Mutations in NHLRC1 cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy. 2003. Nature Genetics 35, 125-127. Google Scholar citation Gene ...
Jankovic, J.; Rivera, V. M. (1979). "Hereditary myoclonus and progressive distal muscular atrophy". Annals of Neurology. 6 (3 ... Spinal muscular atrophies Progressive myoclonus epilepsy Haliloglu, G.; Chattopadhyay, A.; Skorodis, L.; Manzur, A.; Mercuri, E ...
230-. ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1. Monnerat C, Gander M, Leyvraz S (January 1997). "A rare case of prednimustine-induced myoclonus ... Rarely, it has been associated with myoclonus. List of hormonal cytostatic antineoplastic agents List of corticosteroid esters ...
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy, Lafora Type v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... 2006). "Novel glycogen synthase kinase 3 and ubiquitination pathways in progressive myoclonus epilepsy". Hum. Mol. Genet. 14 ( ... "Mutations in NHLRC1 cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy". Nat Genet. 35 (2): 125-7. doi:10.1038/ng1238. PMID 12958597. S2CID ...
Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a condition that develops in children as a result of anti-Hu antibodies. The illness ... Meena JP, Seth R, Chakrabarty B, Gulati S, Agrawala S, Naranje P (2016). "Neuroblastoma presenting as opsoclonus-myoclonus: A ... Ketterl TG, Messinger YH, Niess DR, Gilles E, Engel WK, Perkins JL (2013). "Ofatumumab for refractory opsoclonus-myoclonus ... Blaes F, Fühlhuber V, Preissner KT (2007). "Identification of autoantigens in pediatric opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome". Expert ...
2004). "Severe myoclonus-dystonia syndrome associated with a novel epsilon-sarcoglycan gene truncating mutation". Am. J. Med. ... 2002). "Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome: epsilon-sarcoglycan mutations and phenotype". Ann. Neurol. 52 (4): 489-92. doi:10.1002/ana ... GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Myoclonus-Dystonia LOVD mutation database: SGCE v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... 1999). "Localization of a gene for myoclonus-dystonia to chromosome 7q21-q31". Ann. Neurol. 46 (5): 794-8. doi:10.1002/1531- ...
Sotaniemi K (July 1982). "Valproic acid in the treatment of nonepileptic myoclonus". Archives of Neurology. 39 (7): 448-449. ...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) with myoclonus: There is an increase in mean volume of large neurons and a decrease in mean volume of ... Morphological changes in the dentate nucleus may contribute to the pathological substrate of myoclonus in AD. Dissection of ... Cerebellar dentate nucleus in Alzheimer's disease with myoclonus. [Article]. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 10(2 ... small neurons in the dentate nucleus in AD with myoclonus. ...
When ingested, thebaine causes nausea, vomiting, and myoclonus. Thebaine is an important precursor for manufacture of ...
November 1986). "Spinal Myoclonus Associated With HTLV III/LAV Infection". Arch. Neurol. 43 (11): 1203-1204. doi:10.1001/ ...
Oral motor deficits, dysarthria, developmental delay, ataxia, myoclonus, seizure and mild sensory loss have all been identified ... myoclonus, and cognitive impairment". American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A. 125A (2): 145-51. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.20595 ...
Late in the disease's progression, hypnagogic myoclonus can occur. In addition to their physical symptoms, many with SPS ... Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus, another variant of the condition, includes symptoms of SPS with ... brainstem issues, autonomic disturbances, and myoclonus. In some cases, the limbic system is affected, too. Most patients have ... autoimmune conditions and usually GAD-positive Partial SPS variants Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus ( ...
Myoclonus, palatal tremor, and opsoclonus-myoclonus may also appear. Early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet can ...
Myoclonus, palatal tremor, and opsoclonus-myoclonus may also appear. Early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet can ...
Spinal myoclonus is myoclonus originating in the spinal cord, including segmental and propriospinal myoclonus. The latter is ... Action myoclonus is the most disabling form of myoclonus and can affect the arms, legs, face, and even the voice. It is often ... "Myoclonus Treatments and Drugs." Mayo Clinic.org. Mayo Clinic, n.d. Web. 01 May 2015. "NINDS Myoclonus Information Page." Ninds ... Anatomically, myoclonus may originate from lesions of the cortex, subcortex or spinal cord. The presence of myoclonus above the ...
... myoclonus) and, often, kidney (renal) disease. Explore symptoms, inheritance, genetics of this condition. ... Action myoclonus-renal failure (AMRF) syndrome causes episodes of involuntary muscle jerking or twitching ( ... Action myoclonus-renal failure (AMRF) syndrome causes episodes of involuntary muscle jerking or twitching (myoclonus) and, ... Xiao C, Ahn H, Kibrom S, Toro C. SCARB2-Related Action Myoclonus - Renal Failure Syndrome. 2015 Dec 17 [updated 2023 Feb 9]. In ...
Nocturnal myoclonus may represent a continuum; benign neonatal sleep myoclonus may be the most obvious and readily recognized ... encoded search term (Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus) and Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus What to Read Next on Medscape ... Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus. Updated: Dec 17, 2019 * Author: Marc P DiFazio, MD; Chief Editor: Ted Rosenkrantz, MD more... ... Myoclonus has various potential causes and may arise from a wide array of sites in the peripheral nervous system and CNS. [4, 5 ...
Myoclonus. Myoclonus is the sudden involuntary contraction or relaxation of a muscle or group of muscles. Myoclonus is not a ... Myoclonus is typically treated with barbiturates, which slow down the action of the central nervous system. ...
Palatal myoclonus--its remote influence. Message subject: (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of Neurology, ...
Both had myoclonus, intention tremor, slight muscle weakness, slight mental disturbance, hearing impairment, and optic atrophy ... We performed a 5-year clinical and electrophysiologic follow-up study on two sibling cases with myoclonus epilepsy with ragged- ... Myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers: a clinical and electrophysiologic follow-up study on two sibling cases J Child ... Both had myoclonus, intention tremor, slight muscle weakness, slight mental disturbance, hearing impairment, and optic atrophy ...
... Resource Description. Links. Myoclonus. USA. Moving Forward. 2934 Glenmore Avenue. Kettering, OH 45409. 513 ... Myoclonus Research Foundation. 200 Old Palisade Road Suite 17D. Fort Lee, NJ 07024. 201-585-0770. 201-585-8114 fax. ... National Pediatric Myoclonus Center. Dept of Neurology, Childrens National Medical Center. 111 Michigan Avenue NW. Washington ... Myoclonus Families United. 1564 E. 24th Street. Brooklyn, NY 11234. 718-252-2133. ...
Vid 6- Diaphragmatic myoclonus. https://www.endotext.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Vid-6-Diaphragmatic-myoclonus.mp4. ...
The aim was to describe neurologic outcome in children with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus. Age at diagnosis ranged … ... A retrospective data collection was performed on 29 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus between 1983 ... Treatment for opsoclonus-myoclonus ranged varied. Six children received no treatment for opsoclonus-myoclonus. The following ... Age at diagnosis ranged from one month to 4 years (median age, 18 months). The duration of opsoclonus-myoclonus symptoms prior ...
Baldessarini RJ Myoclonus After 5 Hydroxytryptophan In Rats With Lesions Of Indoleamine Neurons In The Central Nervous System ... THIS NEUROLOGIC RESPONSE IN THE ADULT RAT MAY BE RELEVANT TO SOME FORMS OF CLINICAL MYOCLONUS AND MAY BE USEFUL IN TESTING ... "Myoclonus After 5 Hydroxytryptophan In Rats With Lesions Of Indoleamine Neurons In The Central Nervous System". ... A MYOCLONIC SYNDROME CONSISTING OF TREMOR MYOCLONUS, AND SEIZURES WAS PRODUCED FOLLOWING THE SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF ...
Analysis of the findings suggests that the mechanism of the myoclonus is hyperactivity of a reflex mediated in the reticular ... A patient with post-hypoxic myoclonus, sensitive to therapy with 5-hydroxytryptophan and clonazepam, was subjected to detailed ... The electroencephalogram showed generalised spikes that were associated with, but not time locked to, the myoclonus. The ...
Evaluation of the association between myoclonus and cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs. Add to your list(s) Download ... Evaluation of the association between myoclonus and cervical intervertebral disc disease in dogs ...
Benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME): an autosomal dominant form not linked to the dentatorubral pallidoluysian ... Benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME): an autosomal dominant form not linked to the dentatorubral pallidoluysian ... The genetic differences between two types of dominant inherited myoclonus epilepsy, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA ... and benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME), have been reported. A gene with a CAG repeat expansion responsible for ...
An atypical form of AOA2 with myoclonus associated with mutations in SETX and AFG3L2. BMC Med. Genet., 16. LONDON: BIOMED ... We identified an atypical form of Ataxia with Oculoapraxia type 2 (AOA2) with myoclonus at onset associated with the c.6292C , ... Because the same genotype was described in six cases from a Tunisian family with a typical AOA2 without myoclonus, we speculate ... Methods: We describe an Italian family in which three sisters were affected by ataxia with postural/intentional myoclonus and ...
EOA phenotypes with comorbid myoclonus and myoclonus/epilepsy were specifically associated with abnormalities in the cerebello- ... EOA phenotypes with comorbid myoclonus and myoclonus/epilepsy were specifically associated with abnormalities in the cerebello- ... Early onset ataxia, myoclonus, Epilepsy, Child, Neurodevelopment, Netwoek, Clinical genetics, Phenotype, Bioinformatics. in ... EOA, myoclonus and epilepsy genes shared enriched pathways involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment both in the in ...
Genton et al., 2016] Genton P., Striano P., Minassian B.A. The history of progressive myoclonus epilepsies. Epileptic Disord. ... Pranzatelli and Tate, 2001] Pranzatelli M.R., Tate E.D. Chloral hydrate for progressive myoclonus epilepsy: a new look at an ... Minassian et al., 2016] Minassian B.A., Striano P., Avanzini G. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy: the gene-empowered era. ... Genton and Guerrini, 1990] Genton P., Guerrini R. Antimyoclonic effects of alcohol in progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Neurology ...
Myoclonus - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional ... Segmental myoclonus includes spinal segmental and propriospinal myoclonus. Spinal segmental myoclonus refers to myoclonus in ... The category of subcortical myoclonus includes essential myoclonus, myoclonus-dystonia, reticular reflex myoclonus, startle ... Pathologic myoclonus can result from various disorders and drugs (see table Some Causes of Myoclonus Some Causes of Myoclonus ...
Opsoclonus myoclonus is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the following symptoms: ... Opsoclonus myoclonus may occur in association with tumors or viral infections. It is often seen in children with tumors. ... Vaccines are linked to Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome.. If you or a loved one developed nerve damage after receiving a ...
Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a combination of involuntary, arrhythmic, conjugate saccadic eye movements with myoclonus. The ... Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome due to squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Alexander M Rossor et al., BMJ Case Reports, ... Opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome, ovarian teratoma and anti-NMDAR antibody: an unresolved mystery. Angel T Miraclin et al ... Opsoclonus-myoclonus as a manifestation of Lyme disease. L Peter et al., Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 2006 ...
OBJECTIVE: Myoclonus-dystonia (M-D) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder, typically alcohol-responsive upper body myoclonus and ... Psychiatric disorders, myoclonus dystonia and SGCE: an international study. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology 3 (1 ...
Professor Manohar Bance discusses the ins and outs of middle ear myoclonus in expert detail. ... Silencing middle ear myoclonus (Part one). Written by: Professor Manohar Bance Published: 22/10/2021 , Updated: 26/10/2021 ... Palatal myoclonus is a neurological condition that can cause a clicking sound in the ears, and is often present all the time, ... What are the signs of middle ear myoclonus? Signs can be crackling, clicking or thumping noises in the ear, as well as ...
Myoclonus And Zoloft. To embark on a compelling but dangerous journey from. In stock - you will find the perfect calendar. ... Is offered on a large variety of cigar humidors myoclonus and zoloft. Call 877-589-5779start your road to recovery. Skirt at 12 ... Professional hair colours, majirel, majiblond, majirouge, diacolor, color myoclonus and zoloft. Box! That the design of sony ... My seat, and crying a couple times! I think myoclonus and zoloft. Cristianas para jvenes, predicaciones. Save every month on ...
Category: Myoclonus. Ankle Clonus clasp-knife phenomenon CVA Myoclonus Neurological Exam Stroke Neurology Stroke Physiatry ...
Overview of Myoclonus. Myoclonus is a symptom characterized by a sudden, involuntary muscle jerk. Myoclonic twitches can ... Botox injections can be helpful in treating myoclonus when it occurs in a single area. Surgery may be necessary when myoclonus ... Findings: Effects of Cannabis on Myoclonus. Research looking into cannabis direct effect on myoclonus is lacking. However, ... or epileptic patients to develop myoclonus. Healthy individuals experience physiological myoclonus, such as hiccups or jerking ...
Property of Kenneth J. Serio, MD. Author is not responsible for errors in content, site is for information purposes only.. ...
Myoclonus is not a disease itself, rather it describes a clinical sign. Myoclonic jerks may occur in the following scenarios: ... Types of myoclonus. Myoclonus can be broadly categorized into two types:. *Physiologic myoclonus involves quick muscle twitches ... Epileptic myoclonus is the presence of myoclonus in people living with epilepsy. Myoclonus can occur as the only seizure ... How is myoclonus diagnosed and treated?. Diagnosing myoclonus. Following a review of your medical history and physical exam, a ...
Myoclonus-dystonia is a movement disorder that typically affects the neck, torso, and arms. The condition is characterized by ... mild to moderate dystonia along with lightning-like, involuntary muscle jerks or twitches (myoclonus). ...
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Myoclonus. Myoclonus is characterized by quick, shock-like jerking movements. They may occur naturally during sleep and at ...
  • Cortical reflex myoclonus is thought to be a type of epilepsy that originates in the cerebral cortex - the outer layer, or "gray matter", of the brain, responsible for much of the information processing that takes place in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Essential myoclonus occurs in the absence of epilepsy or other apparent abnormalities in the brain or nerves. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some scientists speculate that some forms of essential myoclonus may be a type of epilepsy with no known cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • Progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) is a group of diseases characterized by myoclonus, epileptic seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and other serious symptoms such as trouble walking or speaking. (wikipedia.org)
  • We performed a 5-year clinical and electrophysiologic follow-up study on two sibling cases with myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers. (nih.gov)
  • Benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME): an autosomal dominant form not linked to the dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) gene. (bmj.com)
  • The genetic differences between two types of dominant inherited myoclonus epilepsy, dentatorubral pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) and benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME), have been reported. (bmj.com)
  • OBJECTIVES: Early onset ataxia (EOA) concerns a heterogeneous disease group, often presenting with other comorbid phenotypes such as myoclonus and epilepsy. (lu.se)
  • The aim of this study is to investigate the key pathological mechanisms in EOA with myoclonus and/or epilepsy. (lu.se)
  • EOA phenotypes with comorbid myoclonus and myoclonus/epilepsy were specifically associated with abnormalities in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical network. (lu.se)
  • EOA, myoclonus and epilepsy genes shared enriched pathways involved in neurotransmission and neurodevelopment both in the in silico and clinical genes. (lu.se)
  • EOA gene subgroups with myoclonus and epilepsy showed specific enrichment for lysosomal and lipid processes. (lu.se)
  • Mutations in EOA, epilepsy and myoclonus associated genes can all cause heterogeneous ataxia phenotypes, which supports exome sequencing with a movement disorder panel over conventional single gene panel testing in the clinical setting. (lu.se)
  • [Genton and Guerrini, 1990] Genton P., Guerrini R. Antimyoclonic effects of alcohol in progressive myoclonus epilepsy. (jle.com)
  • Minassian B.A., Striano P., Avanzini G. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy: the gene-empowered era. (jle.com)
  • [Pranzatelli and Tate, 2001] Pranzatelli M.R., Tate E.D. Chloral hydrate for progressive myoclonus epilepsy: a new look at an old drug. (jle.com)
  • Cortical myoclonus is associated with cerebral cortex damage or epilepsy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2013). Most of the traditional medications used to treat myoclonus are also used to treat epilepsy, which suggests that cannabis, already demonstrating effective for epilepsy, may also prove beneficial for myoclonus. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Epileptic myoclonus is the presence of myoclonus in people living with epilepsy. (medlink.com)
  • Myoclonus can occur as the only seizure manifestation, as one component of a seizure, or one of multiple types of seizures within an epilepsy syndrome. (medlink.com)
  • Gly144Trp) was reported as a novel cause of Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy (PME) with early-onset ataxia. (rug.nl)
  • abstract = "Myoclonus is a possible manifestation of mitochondrial disorders, and its presence is considered, in association with epilepsy and the ragged red fibers, pivotal for the syndromic diagnosis of MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers). (unicatt.it)
  • Finally, myoclonus is not inextricably linked to epilepsy in MERRF patients, but more to cerebellar ataxia. (unicatt.it)
  • Finally, this study reinforces the notion that myoclonus is not inextricably linked to epilepsy in MERRF patients, and therefore the term {"}myoclonic epilepsy{"} seems inadequate and potentially misleading. (unicatt.it)
  • [ 6 ] Although some types of myoclonus are relatively well understood from a physiologic basis, the underlying etiology of benign neonatal sleep myoclonus remains unknown. (medscape.com)
  • Propriospinal myoclonus is characterized by slowly propagated movements that spare the face, often with a burst duration incompatible with other types of myoclonus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The types of myoclonus can be classified as physiological, essential, epileptic, or symptomatic (secondary). (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Types of myoclonus. (medlink.com)
  • Cortical reflex myoclonus can be intensified when patients attempt to move in a certain way or perceive a particular sensation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reticular reflex myoclonus: a physiological type of human post-hypoxic myoclonus. (bmj.com)
  • Cortical reflex myoclonus originates in the cerebral cortex (the outer layer of the brain that is largely responsible for information processing). (medlink.com)
  • A second group of PME diseases belonging to the class of cerebral storage diseases usually involves myoclonus, visual problems, dementia, and dystonia (sustained muscle contractions that cause twisting movements or abnormal postures). (wikipedia.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: Myoclonus-dystonia (M-D) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder, typically alcohol-responsive upper body myoclonus and dystonia. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • In some families there is an association of essential myoclonus with essential tremor or a form of dystonia (myoclonus-dystonia). (medlink.com)
  • In this type of myoclonus, jerks usually involve only a few muscles in one part of the body, but jerks involving many muscles may occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • This type of myoclonus can severely impair speech and gait. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It's apparent on MBSS when someone has this type of myoclonus because they have repetitive and rhythmic movements of the pharynx and palate. (patheoushealth.com)
  • Genton P., Striano P., Minassian B.A. The history of progressive myoclonus epilepsies. (jle.com)
  • "Myoclonus After 5 Hydroxytryptophan In Rats With Lesions Of Indoleamine Neurons In The Central Nervous System" Neurology . (erowid.org)
  • These myoclonic twitches, jerks, or seizures are usually caused by sudden muscle contractions (positive myoclonus) or brief lapses of contraction (negative myoclonus). (wikipedia.org)
  • Lafora disease is characterized by myoclonus, epileptic seizures, and dementia (progressive loss of memory and other intellectual functions). (wikipedia.org)
  • Severe seizures or myoclonus can be life-threatening. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pathologic myoclonus in the newborn is typically associated with manifestations of encephalopathy, seizures, or both. (medscape.com)
  • RESULTS: The core clinical features of NSPME are early-onset ataxia, myoclonus and seizures, with additionally areflexia and scoliosis. (rug.nl)
  • In addition, we conducted an interview focused on factors influencing myoclonus severity.RESULTS: The core clinical features of NSPME are early-onset ataxia, myoclonus and seizures, with additionally areflexia and scoliosis. (rug.nl)
  • But I also have myoclonus, which in my case is uncontrollable movements that can look like full body seizures, or involve just my limbs, sometimes with mild movements like trembles, sometimes severe movements like I'm being thrown about. (livingwithfibro.org)
  • A retrospective data collection was performed on 29 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus between 1983-1993 from Pediatric Oncology Group institutions. (nih.gov)
  • The aim was to describe neurologic outcome in children with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus. (nih.gov)
  • The duration of opsoclonus-myoclonus symptoms prior to the diagnosis of neuroblastoma ranged from 6 days to 17 months (median duration, 6 weeks). (nih.gov)
  • Treatment for opsoclonus-myoclonus ranged varied. (nih.gov)
  • Six children received no treatment for opsoclonus-myoclonus. (nih.gov)
  • Eighteen of 29 children (62%) had resolution of opsoclonus-myoclonus symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • Of the 9 children who had complete recovery of opsoclonus-myoclonus without neurologic sequelae, age at diagnosis and duration of symptoms were not different from the entire group. (nih.gov)
  • In conclusion, persistent neurologic deficits are characteristic for children with neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus. (nih.gov)
  • Opsoclonus myoclonus may occur in association with tumors or viral infections. (vaccineinjuryhelpcenter.com)
  • Vaccines are linked to Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome. (vaccineinjuryhelpcenter.com)
  • Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a combination of involuntary, arrhythmic, conjugate saccadic eye movements with myoclonus. (bmj.com)
  • After 2 days, he developed opsoclonus-myoclonus, and then bronchorrhoea and bradycardia, raising suspicion of organophosphate poisoning. (bmj.com)
  • Opsoclonus- myoclonus syndrome is also called OMS or dancing eyes-dancing feet syndrome. (osmosis.org)
  • Opsoclonus- myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare condition, characterized by rapid, uncontrolled eye movements (opsoclonus) and sudden twitching or jerking of muscles (myoclonus). (osmosis.org)
  • The opsoclonus, myoclonus, and ataxia disappeared without treatment. (org.sa)
  • However, 6 weeks later she presented again with classic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (org.sa)
  • This case illustrates that transient opsoclonus-myoclonus may occur with neuroblastoma and should not be assumed to be due to viral cause. (org.sa)
  • Thus, a thorough search for occult neuroblastoma should be initiated even if opsoclonus-myoclonus resolves spontaneously. (org.sa)
  • Acute cerebellar ataxia, acute cerebellitis, and opsoclonus- myoclonus syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
  • It's not uncommon for multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or epileptic patients to develop myoclonus. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Epileptic myoclonus occurs in association with an epileptic disorder. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • The article presents the main definitions, classification, and electroclinical characteristics of epileptic myoclonus. (epilepsia.su)
  • This Modified Monday features palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus (a diagnosis related to palatal tremor, but even less prevalent). (patheoushealth.com)
  • An apparent increase in the number of persons with tremor, myoclonus, and parkinsonism between 4 mo and 1 y is reflective of detection of these movement disorders in persons who were initially flaccid/immobile, nonambulatory, or too functionally impaired to assess. (cdc.gov)
  • Our purpose was to: (1) characterize the tremor patterns, (2) characterize the myoclonus physiology, (3) determine whether electrophysiology can detect abnormalities in asymptomatic cases. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Caviness, JN , Tsuboi, Y & Wszolek, ZK 2003, ' Clinical-electrophysiological correlation of tremor and myoclonus in a kindred with the N279K tau mutation ', Parkinsonism and Related Disorders , vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 151-157. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Methods: We describe an Italian family in which three sisters were affected by ataxia with postural/intentional myoclonus and involuntary movements at onset, which persisted during the disease. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Don't fight Myoclonus cerebellar ataxia deafness alone. (rareguru.com)
  • Connect with other caregivers and patients with Myoclonus cerebellar ataxia deafness and get the support you need. (rareguru.com)
  • This syndrome is characterised by the association of myoclonus, cerebellar ataxia and sensorineural hearing loss. (rareguru.com)
  • Physiologic myoclonus may occur when a person is falling asleep and during early sleep phases (called hypnic myoclonus). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Myoclonus refers to involuntary rapid, jerking movements that suddenly occur without preemptive notice. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • CJD symptoms include dementia, myoclonus, and other central nervous. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Essential myoclonus occurs on its own, unrelated to an underlying illness and typically without other symptoms. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • In the cases where the underlying condition can be fixed, such as changing the medication that causes jerking, myoclonus symptoms can be eliminated. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • However, most underlying causes cannot be cured or eliminated, so treatment efforts focus on easing myoclonus symptoms with anticonvulsant or tranquilizer medications. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • The diagnosis of OMS is also often based on symptoms like opsoclonus and myoclonus which can appear abruptly, progressing over days to weeks. (osmosis.org)
  • While we don't want to encourage self-diagnosis, the above signs and symptoms can help make sense of what you are experiencing with a myoclonus. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • If you are experience myoclonus symptoms that are regularly occurring and for extended durations, it's a good idea to see a professional to make a proper diagnosis and potential treatment plan - it's important to diagnose properly as there are several movement disorders with similar symptoms. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • Eventually, the tremors worsen to become myoclonic jerks, which can be triggered by voluntary movements or the intention to move (action myoclonus). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Myoclonus describes lightening-like limb movements or limb jerks, that can also be more tremulous. (osmosis.org)
  • Myoclonus is more commonly defined as muscle jerks (contraction of groups of muscles) and it is a clinical sign and not the disease itself. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Propriospinal myoclonus (PSM) is a rare disorder with repetitive, usually flexor arrhythmic brief jerks of the trunk, hips, and knees in a fixed pattern. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Other causes of pathologic myoclonus include degenerative disorders affecting the basal ganglia and some dementias. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pathologic myoclonus may involve persistent, shock-like contractions in a group of muscles and is more widespread in general. (medlink.com)
  • Hypnic myoclonus can be focal, multifocal, segmental, or generalized (see below) and may resemble a startle reaction. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sleep myoclonus (also known as hypnic myoclonus) occurs during sleep and sleep transitions, often as one is drifting off to sleep. (medlink.com)
  • Action myoclonus is triggered by voluntary movement or even the intention to move. (medlink.com)
  • It becomes more intense when a person attempts to move in a certain way (action myoclonus) or perceives a particular sensation. (medlink.com)
  • Its effects are similar to those of cortical myoclonus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cortical myoclonus: an insight into the organization of normal movement in man. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The study of cortical myoclonus affords an insight into both the spatiotemporal organization of the human sensorimotor cortex and the nature of descending motor signals. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This descriptive wording can be used on SLP reports since we cannot diagnose myoclonus. (patheoushealth.com)
  • At Broadview Spine & Health Centre in Ottawa, we have the expertise and experience to correctly diagnose myoclonus and help in developing a treatment. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • Myoclonus is characterized by quick, shock-like jerking movements. (healthline.com)
  • Another type of physiologic myoclonus is hiccuping (diaphragmatic myoclonus). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Physiologic myoclonus involves quick muscle twitches followed by relaxation. (medlink.com)
  • Myoclonus is the sudden involuntary contraction or relaxation of a muscle or group of muscles. (luriechildrens.org)
  • Myoclonus is a symptom characterized by a sudden, involuntary muscle jerk. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Myoclonus refers to sudden, brief involuntary twitching or jerking of a muscle or group of muscles. (medlink.com)
  • Myoclonus is a brief, shocklike contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Palatal myoclonus--its remote influence. (bmj.com)
  • It has to be distinguished from other conditions such as palatal myoclonus or typewriter tinnitus, as well as eustachian tube disorders. (topdoctors.co.uk)
  • Palatal myoclonus is a neurological condition that can cause a clicking sound in the ears, and is often present all the time, instead of coming and going. (topdoctors.co.uk)
  • Analysis of the findings suggests that the mechanism of the myoclonus is hyperactivity of a reflex mediated in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata. (bmj.com)
  • The patient in this Modified Monday had palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus which occurred after a cerebellar stroke 10 years ago. (patheoushealth.com)
  • In a myoclonic patient, evidences of mitochondrial dysfunction must be investigated, even though myoclonus is not a common sign of mitochondriopathy. (unicatt.it)
  • Anatomically, myoclonus may originate from lesions of the cortex, subcortex or spinal cord. (wikipedia.org)
  • Myoclonus is not a disease but a sign of several diseases or conditions that affect the brain or spinal cord. (luriechildrens.org)
  • Segmental myoclonus includes spinal segmental and propriospinal myoclonus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Spinal segmental myoclonus refers to myoclonus in spinal muscles of one or several contiguous segments of the spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The most common form of myoclonus is symptomatic, which occurs as a result of some underlying condition, such as a neurological disorder, a reaction to a medication, prolonged oxygen deprivation, kidney or liver failure, infection, head or spinal cord injury, or a metabolic condition. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Surgery may be necessary when myoclonus is caused by a tumor or lesion on the brain or spinal cord. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • A retrospective study (1996-2011) of 15 consecutive Japanese infants with benign neonatal sleep myoclonus, including 3 paired familial cases, suggests there may be an association with migraine. (medscape.com)
  • [ 17 ] However, benign neonatal sleep myoclonus is generally reported in otherwise healthy newborns without signs of neurologic compromise. (medscape.com)
  • Propriospinal myoclonus: clinical reappraisal and review of literature. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Myoclonus is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching of a muscle, a joint, or a group of muscles, different from clonus, which is rhythmic or regular. (wikipedia.org)
  • In some cases, myoclonus can cause a person to experience persistent, shock-like contractions in a group of muscles. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Myoclonus is typically treated with barbiturates, which slow down the action of the central nervous system. (luriechildrens.org)
  • Botox injections can be helpful in treating myoclonus when it occurs in a single area. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Essential myoclonus occurs on its own and is not influenced by abnormalities in the brain or nerves. (medlink.com)
  • It is almost always not severe enough that it needs medical attention, however, if the myoclonus is ongoing and frequently occurs, then is might be of some concern. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The syndrome of progressive encephalopathy with limb rigidity has been historically termed progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) or stiff-person syndrome plus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Healthy individuals experience physiological myoclonus, such as hiccups or jerking suddenly just before falling asleep, and do not need to be treated. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Myoclonus is not a disease itself, rather it describes a clinical sign. (medlink.com)
  • The aims of this study are the evaluation of the prevalence of myoclonus in a big cohort of mitochondrial patients and the clinical characterization of these subjects. (unicatt.it)
  • Based on the database of the {"}Nation-wide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases,{"} we reviewed the clinical and molecular data of mitochondrial patients with myoclonus among their clinical features. (unicatt.it)
  • Myoclonus is a rather uncommon clinical feature of mitochondrial diseases (3.6% of 1,086 patients registered in our database). (unicatt.it)
  • Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus: glycine and NMDA receptor antibodies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Subcortical myoclonus is associated with disorders that affect the basal ganglia or other subcortical structures. (msdmanuals.com)
  • According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, most myoclonus is caused by a disturbance of the central nervous system. (qualifyingconditions.com)
  • Two subjects had similar movement disorders characterized by myoclonus. (cdc.gov)
  • Because the same genotype was described in six cases from a Tunisian family with a typical AOA2 without myoclonus, we speculate this latter feature is associated with a second mutated gene, namely AFG3L2 (p.Gly116Arg variant). (uni-koeln.de)
  • While some people may not be troubled by this or need treatment, others may require treatment where myoclonus may be a symptom of a more complex and disturbing sleep disorder. (medlink.com)
  • We performed a chart review of 3 patients with myoclonus secondary to ciprofloxacin and reviewed the literature for similar cases. (bvsalud.org)
  • We describe 3 cases of myoclonus secondary to ciprofloxacin , 2 males and a female aged 61, 26, and 48 years, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although ciprofloxacin is widely prescribed for different infections , only 13 cases were reported to develop myoclonus secondary to ciprofloxacin . (bvsalud.org)
  • The history of the progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) spans more than a century. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Essential myoclonus tends to be stable without increasing in severity over time. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, palate-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus can have no known cause as well (essential tremors). (patheoushealth.com)
  • Examination on arrival revealed near complete quadriplegia and spontaneous myoclonus. (cdc.gov)
  • A common example of myoclonus is experiencing hiccups - and with all forms of myoclonus, the twitching cannot be stopped or controlled. (broadviewhealthcentre.com)