Nerium
Medicine, Ayurvedic
Cardenolides
Effects of the sap of the common oleander Nerium indicum (Apocyanaceae) on male fertility and spermatogenesis in the oriental tobacco budworm Helicoverpa assulta (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). (1/30)
We investigated the effects of sap of the common oleander Nerium indicum (Apocyanaceae) on male fertility and spermatogenesis in the oriental tobacco budworm Helicoverpa assulta. We found that continuous feeding of oleander sap during the larval period significantly affects fertility in males but not in females. This effect was also induced by direct injection of oleander sap into the hemocoel of 2-day-old pupae. Histological analyses of developing testes following oleander injection revealed a developmental delay and progressively more severe morphological abnormalities in the later stages of development. The effects of oleander sap on spermatogenesis in H. assulta were associated with greatly reduced levels of the two major polyamines, spermidine and spermine, in testis compared with saline-injected controls. In contrast, levels of putrescine, which is a precursor of both spermidine and spermine, and the activities of the enzymes ornithine decarboxylase and arginine decarboxylase, which are involved in the biosynthesis of putrescine, were initially elevated following oleander injection, but subsequently failed to undergo the induction that normally occurs during late pupal development. The effects of oleander sap on spermidine and spermine levels could be the result of direct inhibition by chemical constituents of the oleander sap of one of the enzymes used in common in the conversions of putrescine to spermidine and spermidine to spermine; alternatively, these effects on polyamine metabolism could be secondary to the disruption of a more fundamental process in the developmental program guiding spermatogenesis in H. assulta. (+info)Simultaneous determination of cardenolides by sonic spray ionization liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry--a fatal case of oleander poisoning. (2/30)
Simultaneous determination of oleandrin and its three related compounds, desacetyloleandrin, oleandrigenin, and gitoxigenin in blood by using liquid chromatography-three-dimensional quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-3DQMS) system equipped with sonic spray ionization (SSI) interface was conducted. This analyzing method was suitable for all of these compounds except gitoxigenin. The limits of detection of oleandrigenin and desacetyloleandrin from blood were 2 ng/mL and that of oleandrin was 3 ng/mL. The calibration curves for oleandrin, desacetyloleandrin, and oleandrigenin were linear in the range of 5-100 ng/mL. The coefficients of variation of oleandrin, desacetyloleandrin, and oleandrigenin in the blood were satisfactory ranging from 1.6% to 4.1%. This analysis method was applied to a fatal case of oleander poisoning. As a result of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, oleandrin was detected in heart blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Desacetyloleandrin, oleandrigenin, and gitoxigenin were not detected. In order to make identification of oleandrin reliable, LC-MS-MS analysis was performed. The concentrations of oleandrin found in the heart blood and cerebrospinal fluid were 9.8 and 10.1 ng/mL, respectively. (+info)Whole-genome comparative analysis of three phytopathogenic Xylella fastidiosa strains. (3/30)
Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) causes wilt disease in plants and is responsible for major economic and crop losses globally. Owing to the public importance of this phytopathogen we embarked on a comparative analysis of the complete genome of Xf pv citrus and the partial genomes of two recently sequenced strains of this species: Xf pv almond and Xf pv oleander, which cause leaf scorch in almond and oleander plants, respectively. We report a reanalysis of the previously sequenced Xf 9a5c (CVC, citrus) strain and the two "gapped" Xf genomes revealing ORFs encoding critical functions in pathogenicity and conjugative transfer. Second, a detailed whole-genome functional comparison was based on the three sequenced Xf strains, identifying the unique genes present in each strain, in addition to those shared between strains. Third, an "in silico" cellular reconstruction of these organisms was made, based on a comparison of their core functional subsystems that led to a characterization of their conjugative transfer machinery, identification of potential differences in their adhesion mechanisms, and highlighting of the absence of a classical quorum-sensing mechanism. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of comparative analysis strategies in the interpretation of genomes that are closely related. (+info)The cardiotonic effect of the crude ethanolic extract of Nerium oleander in the isolated guinea pig hearts. (4/30)
Cardiovascular diseases are increasingly becoming one of the leading diseases causing morbidity and mortality in Uganda. Ethnographic evidence suggests that these diseases are often first managed by indigenous and related herbs before patients are referred for allopathic forms of management. One such herb of interest is Nerium oleander. Therefore the crude ethanolic extracts of the dried leaves of this herb were tested against the following parameters in the isolated guinea pig hearts: force of contraction, heart rate and cardiac flow. The extracts brought about dose-dependent increases in all these parameters from their baseline readings. Compared with graded doses of digoxin the effects closely mirrored the activities in a dose dependent manner. At the mechanism of action level, it would appear the extract works in the same as digoxin since their dose-contraction-response curves are parallel. This finding would tend to provide a strong rationale for the herb's traditional use in cardiovascular illness. (+info)Multilocus simple sequence repeat markers for differentiating strains and evaluating genetic diversity of Xylella fastidiosa. (5/30)
A genome-wide search was performed to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci among the available sequence databases from four strains of Xylella fastidiosa (strains causing Pierce's disease, citrus variegated chlorosis, almond leaf scorch, and oleander leaf scorch). Thirty-four SSR loci were selected for SSR primer design and were validated in PCR experiments. These multilocus SSR primers, distributed across the X. fastidiosa genome, clearly differentiated and clustered X. fastidiosa strains collected from grape, almond, citrus, and oleander. They are well suited for differentiating strains and studying X. fastidiosa epidemiology and population genetics. (+info)Epidemiology of intentional self-poisoning in rural Sri Lanka. (6/30)
We investigated the epidemiology of intentional self-poisoning in rural Sri Lanka by prospectively recording 2189 admissions to two secondary hospitals. Many patients were young (median age 25 years), male (57%) and used pesticides (49%). Of the 198 who died,156 were men (case fatality 12.4%) and 42 were women (4.5%). Over half of female deaths were in those under 25 years old; male deaths were spread more evenly across age groups. Oleander and paraquat caused 74% of deaths in people under 25 years old; thereafter organophosphorous pesticides caused many deaths. Although the age pattern of self-poisoning was similar to that of industrialised countries, case fatality was more than 15 times higher and the pattern of fatal self-poisoning different. (+info)Physical vulnerability and fatal self-harm in the elderly. (7/30)
Although the high rate of suicide in elderly people is conventionally explained as being due to greater intent to die, we have noted elderly Sri Lankans dying after relatively mild poisoning. Using data from cases of yellow oleander poisoning, we investigated the effect of age on outcome in 1697 patients, controlling for gender and amount ingested. In fully adjusted models, people over 64 years old were 13.8 (95% CI 3.6-53.0) times more likely to die than those less than 25 years old. The high number of suicides in elderly people globally is likely to be due, in part, to the difficulty they face in surviving the effects of both the poisoning and its treatment. (+info)Unexpectedly dangerous escargot stew: oleandrin poisoning through the alimentary chain. (8/30)
A female, aged 43 and a male, aged 66, experienced gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms after a meal including snail stew. Twelve hours after the ingestion, they presented with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiovascular symptoms typical of acute toxic digoxin ingestion and were hospitalized. The man's electrocardiogram was altered, and the woman's was normal. Serum digoxin levels, measured on a Roche COBAS Integra 800 with the Roche On-Line Digoxin reagent, were 1.14 and 1.00 nmol/L, respectively. Potassium levels were normal in both patients. The serum digoxin concentration decreased on the second day, and symptoms resolved on the third day with patients fully recovered (i.e., reversion to a normal sinus rhythm). Cardiac-glycoside-like intoxication symptoms follow the ingestion of leaves or flowers of Nerium oleander. The consumed snails were suspected to be responsible for the intoxication. In the homogenized snail tissue, the concentration expressed in digoxin equivalents was 0.282 nmol/g. The presence of oleandrin and oleandrigenin in the snails was confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which was performed on a ionic-trap Finnigan LXQ instrument using an electrospray ionization interface. High-pressure liquid chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with a gradient of methanol/water. An extract of oleander leaves was used as reference. (+info)I am not aware of a specific medical definition for "Nerium." However, Nerium is a genus of plants in the dogwood family, and its most common species is Nerium oleander, also known as oleander. Oleander is a toxic plant that can cause serious health problems if ingested or touched. Its symptoms include nausea, vomiting, seizures, irregular heartbeat, and even death in severe cases. It's essential to keep oleander away from children, pets, and livestock and seek immediate medical attention if any part of the plant is accidentally ingested.
Ayurvedic medicine, also known as Ayurveda, is a traditional system of medicine that has been practiced in India for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that health and wellness depend on a delicate balance between the mind, body, and spirit. The goal of Ayurvedic medicine is to promote good health, rather than fight disease.
In Ayurveda, each person has a unique constitution, or dosha, that is determined by the balance of three energies: Vata (air and space), Pitta (fire and water), and Kapha (water and earth). These doshas are believed to govern all physical and mental processes and to be responsible for an individual's physical and mental health.
Ayurvedic treatments may include herbal remedies, special diets, detoxification programs, meditation, yoga, and massage therapy. The aim of Ayurvedic medicine is to cleanse the body of toxins, balance the doshas, and promote good health and well-being.
It's important to note that while some people find Ayurvedic practices helpful for maintaining their overall health, there is limited scientific evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of many Ayurvedic treatments. Additionally, some Ayurvedic products may contain harmful levels of heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic, which can be toxic if ingested or absorbed through the skin. It's important to consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new treatment regimen, including Ayurvedic medicine.
Cardenolides are a type of steroid compound that are found in certain plants and animals. These compounds have a characteristic structure that includes a five-membered lactone ring, which is attached to a steroid nucleus. Cardenolides are well known for their toxicity to many organisms, including humans, and they have been used for both medicinal and poisonous purposes.
One of the most famous cardenolides is digitoxin, which is derived from the foxglove plant (Digitalis purpurea). Digitoxin has been used as a medication to treat heart conditions such as congestive heart failure, as it can help to strengthen heart contractions and regulate heart rhythm. However, because of its narrow therapeutic index and potential for toxicity, digitoxin is not commonly used today.
Other cardenolides include ouabain, which is found in the seeds of the African plant Acokanthera ouabaio, and bufadienolides, which are found in the skin and parotid glands of toads. These compounds have also been studied for their potential medicinal uses, but they are not widely used in clinical practice due to their toxicity.
It is important to note that cardenolides can be highly toxic to humans and animals, and exposure to these compounds can cause a range of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and even death. As such, it is essential to use caution when handling or coming into contact with plants or animals that contain cardenolides.
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Oleander17
- NEER-ee-əm), most commonly known as oleander or nerium, is a shrub or small tree cultivated worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas as an ornamental and landscaping plant. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerium oleander is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium. (wikipedia.org)
- The taxonomic name Nerium oleander was first assigned by Linnaeus in 1753. (wikipedia.org)
- The genus name Nerium is the Latinized form of the Ancient Greek name for the plant nẽrion (νήριον), which is in turn derived from the Greek for water, nẽros (νηρός), because of the natural habitat of the oleander along rivers and streams. (wikipedia.org)
- This name is a synonym of Nerium oleander L. . (theplantlist.org)
- Background: Nerium oleander leaves extract preparations have been used for centuries against sores, abscesses and solid tumors. (mindanaotimes.net)
- For instance, NeriumAD, a product that's getting a lot of buzz lately, contains extracts from nerium oleander , a plant which is known to be highly toxic and even lethal to humans in certain doses. (parkercenter.net)
- Nerium oleander L. (asu.edu)
- Oleander plants (Nerium oleander) are among the most versatile of shrubs, with dozens of uses in southern and coastal landscapes. (hariththarang.com)
- A water extraction of crushed leaves of Nerium oleander yielded 2.3% of a crude polysaccharide. (ayurwiki.org)
- As I waited for my products to arrive, I got a private message from a Facebook friend who cautioned me about the safety of the ingredients in Nerium, particularly the Oleander. (moreskeesplease.com)
- The Nerium Oleander Sandal plant is a good houseplant with beautiful sandal flowers. (santhionlineplants.com)
- Buy the Nerium oleander Sandal plant from Santhi online plant nursery website. (santhionlineplants.com)
- U nás najznámejší je Nerium oleander, ktorý má ružové alebo biele kvety. (tomaflora.sk)
- Tropical White Oleander Plant (nerium oleander) - Showy summertime flowers appear in white blossoms scattered around the leathery, lance shaped leaves. (realtropicals.com)
- Nerium Botanically known as Nerium oleander from Apocynaceae family. (exoticflora.in)
- Cardiac glycosides are found in a diverse group of plants including Digitalis purpurea and Digitalis lanata (foxgloves), Nerium oleander (common oleander), Thevetia peruviana (yellow oleander), Convallaria majalis (lily of the valley), Urginea maritima and Urginea indica (squill), Strophanthus gratus (ouabain), Apocynum cannabinum (dogbane), and Cheiranthus cheiri (wallflower). (medscape.com)
Indicum6
- Nerium indicum Mill. (wikipedia.org)
- Karavira consists of dried leaves of Nerium indicum Mill. (ayurwiki.org)
- The flower on shrub is Nerium Indicum, also known as Kaner. (soulnspiritblog.com)
- Nerium indicum plant gives sweet-smelling fragrant flowers. (santhionlineplants.com)
- Repot the Nerium indicum flower plants 6 months after planting. (santhionlineplants.com)
- Nerium indicum plants are good hedge & ornamental plants. (santhionlineplants.com)
Apocynaceae1
- It is the only species currently classified in the genus Nerium, belonging to subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family Apocynaceae. (wikipedia.org)
Plants1
- Nerium are long lived plants, a lot of their growth and performance depends on the soil used, Good well drained soil with lots of organic manure is recommended. (exoticflora.in)
Floridum1
- Nerium flavescens Spin Nerium floridum Salisb. (wikipedia.org)
Kotschyi2
- Nerium japonicum Gentil Nerium kotschyi Boiss. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerium kotschyi Boiss. (asu.edu)
Salisb2
- Nerium odorum Aiton Nerium splendens Paxton Nerium thyrsiflorum Paxton Nerium verecundum Salisb. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerium verecundum Salisb. (plantillustrations.org)
Odorum1
- Nerium odorum Sol. (plantillustrations.org)
Mill1
- Nerium latifolium Mill. (wikipedia.org)
Skincare products1
- Nerium, Avon, & Mary Kay: Should You Buy Skincare Products from Your Neighbor? (parkercenter.net)
Search1
- for instance, just a quick Google search will reveal a plethora of discussions over the "is Nerium toxic? (parkercenter.net)
Grows2
- Nerium grows to 2-6 metres (7-20 feet) tall. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerium grows to 2-6 m tall. (exoticflora.in)
Toxic1
- Nerium contains several toxic compounds, and it has historically been considered a poisonous plant. (wikipedia.org)
Products3
- I'm confident that Nerium will have great success in South Korea as consumers discover the real results these products deliver, as well as the business and other opportunities that Nerium has to offer," said Choi. (prnewswire.com)
- Nerium International, LLC, headquartered in Addison, Texas , is a relationship marketing company that markets breakthrough products validated by science. (prnewswire.com)
- Led by an award-winning executive team with more than 200 years of collective industry experience, Nerium is committed to developing and distributing anti-aging products that are rooted in real science, produce real results and improve consumers' lives. (prnewswire.com)
Tall1
- Nerium is tall and slender with a sculpted curved-back table chair. (luxehome.com.ph)
Login2
- How to find Nerium Com Login? (mindanaotimes.net)
- Go to the official website of Nerium Com Login. (mindanaotimes.net)
Common1
- The most familiar and the most common Nerium variety. (exoticflora.in)
International5
- We anticipate great reception for Nerium International in South Korea , a market with proven success with the direct sales model," said Jeff Dahl , Co-Chief Executive Officer for Nerium. (prnewswire.com)
- In addition, Nerium International has a large contingency of Korean Brand Partners living within the United States who will be able to leverage relationships in the country. (prnewswire.com)
- This is an exciting time for Nerium International as Korea is our first market in the Asia Pacific region," said Roy Truett , President, International for Nerium. (prnewswire.com)
- For more information about Nerium International or the Optimera product line, visit www.mynerium.com . (prnewswire.com)
- In 2011 Carl joined Nerium International when the company was about 3 months old. (businessforhome.org)
Leaves1
- Clean the dust over the leaves present over the Nerium plant. (santhionlineplants.com)
Healthy1
- Once I started Nerium, it felt good to get into a healthy skin routine. (moreskeesplease.com)
Skin3
- Nerium Skin Cream Lawsuit - Class Action Claim Info Our firm is investigating claims against Nerium AD for false advertising. (downtownlalaw.com)
- Has anyone used Nerium skin care and what do you think about it? (barrelhorseworld.com)
- First, let me talk about my skin care routine before Nerium. (moreskeesplease.com)
Single1
- Each single Nerium leaf is sharp-pointed and arranged in pairs. (santhionlineplants.com)
Sold1
- When I was contacted by a friend of my husband's who sold Nerium, asking if I would be interested in giving it a try for 30 days risk-free, I figured "why not? (moreskeesplease.com)
Industry1
- Since its August 2011 launch, Nerium has reached record-breaking sales and earned industry accolades while building millions of consumer fans along the way. (prnewswire.com)
Fields1
- Moreover, multi-level-marketing based (a.k.a. pyramid scheme) companies like Nerium, Mary Kay, and Rodan & Fields make it easy for anyone with a little start-up cash to become a dealer. (parkercenter.net)