Extraventricular neurocytoma with ganglionic differentiation associated with complex partial seizures. (1/46)

We report an unusual case of extraventricular ("cerebral") neurocytoma with ganglion cells located in the right temporal lobe in a 9-year-old girl with complex partial seizures and precocious puberty. CT showed a calcified mass with central cystic zones. MR imaging showed a markedly hyperintense predominately solid tumor on both T1- and T2-weighted images, without appreciable contrast enhancement. Cerebral neurocytomas are histologically benign and radical surgery is curative; they should be included in the differential diagnosis of temporal lobe tumors in children.  (+info)

Central neurocytoma with malignant course. Neuronal and glial differentiation and craniospinal dissemination. (2/46)

Central neurocytoma is a benign neuronal tumor of young adults in the lateral cerebral ventricles with characteristic X ray and light microscopic findings. In many respects typical central neurocytoma is reported below, with recurrence in the third month requiring reoperation. Death ensued in the fifth postoperative month. Subsequent histology proved progressive vascular proliferation and increasing, unusual glial differentiation of the neuronal tumor. At autopsy tumorous seeding blocked the liquor circulation. A thin tumorous layer covered the surface of all ventricles, the cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The GFAP positive cells out-numbered the synaptophysin positive ones. Increase of GFAP positivity and vascular proliferation of the central neurocytoma may be alarming signs suggesting a malignant course in addition to the other atypical features.  (+info)

Gamma knife radiosurgery of recurrent central neurocytomas: a preliminary report. (3/46)

OBJECTIVES: A series of three recurrent central neurocytomas treated by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS), which were initially totally resected, are described. Up to now, no reports exist on this treatment modality for this rare tumour entity. METHODS: Three male patients, aged between 20 and 25 years, presented with large intraventricular tumours. Total tumour removal was achieved by a single surgical procedure (one patient) or two operations (two patients). Neuropathological investigation showed a central neurocytoma, immunohistochemically all three tumours expressed a neuronal antigenic profile typical for neurocytomas, and the MIB-1 proliferation index ranged from 2.4% to 8.7%. Each patient experienced a tumour recurrence after 5 to 6 years. The recurrence was multifocal in two and a singular tumour mass in one patient. Gamma knife radiosurgery was performed. The tumours were enclosed within the 30% to 60% isodoseline, and delivered a tumour marginal dose of 9.6 to 16 Gy. During the follow up period, the patients were tested clinically and the volume of the tumours was measured on MRI. RESULTS: Within follow up periods of 1 to 5 years, control MRI showed a significant decrease of the tumour mass in all cases. None of the patients developed new neurological symptoms after GKRS. Two patients returned to work in their previous employment, whereas one patient remained permanently disabled due to a pre-existing visual impairment and abducens palsy. CONCLUSION: GKRS proved to be a useful tool in the treatment of recurrent central neurocytomas. Tumour control and even tumour shrinkage can be achieved with a single procedure and a low risk of morbidity.  (+info)

MR imaging and histopathologic findings of a case of cerebral ganglioneurocytoma. (4/46)

We report a case of ganglioneurocytoma manifesting as a complex partial seizure in a young adult male. MR images depicted a well-marginated cystic mass with a heterogeneous solid portion abutting the dura in the parietal lobe. The solid portion showed minimal heterogeneous enhancement, and pressure erosion of the overlying calvarium had occurred. Following gross total resection, the clinical outcome was satisfactory, with no further seizures, and during the five-year follow-up period, the tumor did not recur.  (+info)

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma: a newly recognized clinico-pathological entity. (5/46)

The term "cerebellar liponeurocytoma", recently adopted by the World Health Organization Working Group (WHO), replaced many other different terms used up to now to give name to this rare tumor. To our knowledge, less than 20 cases have been related up to now under different names like as "lipomatous medulloblastoma, lipidized medulloblastoma, neurolipocytoma, medullocytoma and lipomatous glioneurocytoma". The new nomenclature eliminates the word "medulloblastoma", reinforces its benign character, and includes it in the category of glioneuronal tumors. We describe an addictional case of this distinct clinico-pathological entity removed from the right cerebellar hemisphere of a 53-year-old woman. With the present case report, we hope to contribute to the knowledge on the diagnostic and prognostic implications derived from the finding of mature adipose-like tissue within a medulloblastomatous tumour.  (+info)

Angiographic characteristics of central neurocytoma suggest the origin of tumor. (6/46)

The authors retrospectively analyzed the angiographic findings performed in 17 cases with central neurocytoma to document the angiographic characteristics and suggested the origin of tumor based on the angiographic findings. Their medical records and radiological investigations were reviewed and cerebral angiographies were thoroughly examined in arterial, capillary, and venous phases. In ten cases, marked or moderate tumor staining was found whereas the staining was either scanty or absent in seven cases. In the ten cases showing marked or moderate tumor staining, the feeding vessels were originated from the ipsilateral carotid and/or vertebro-basilar system. In the venous phase, the ipsilateral thalamostriate vein, tortuous and enlarged, was elevated, and the internal cerebral vein was depressed. Thus, the venous angle of the ipsilateral side was widened at an irregular contour. Based on the characteristic displacement and the increased size of the associated venous system, it is suggested that the central neurocytoma might originate from a neuronal cell mass of the subependymal zone located on the floor of the lateral ventricle around the foramen of Monro rather than from the septum pellucidum.  (+info)

Liponeurocytoma of the cerebellum--a case report. (7/46)

We report the characteristic neuropathological features of a rare case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma in a 62-year-old female. The tumor has a low proliferative potential and carries a favorable prognosis.  (+info)

Peritoneal dissemination from central neurocytoma: case report. (8/46)

OBJECTIVE: Central neurocytoma is a low grade tumor of neuroglial origin and a relatively new histological entity. Only a few cases have been reported and its biological behavior is still uncertain. Some cases have shown an aggressive behavior (local recurrence, malignant dedifferentiation or CSF dissemination) and challenged the initial view of its relative benignity. A case of central neurocytoma with peritoneal dissemination is presented. CASE: A six years-old boy with recurrent neurocytoma of III ventricle and left thalamus showed fast growth of tumor rest and ascites three and a half years after subtotal removal of the lesion. Tumor cells were identified in the ascitic fluid and implanted in the peritoneum. Chemotherapy was initiated immediately after diagnosis of peritoneal dissemination (etoposide, carboplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide). The patient developed metabolic imbalance and respiratory failure due to rapid formation of ascitic fluid and died 3 days after the diagnosis of peritoneal dissemination was established. CONCLUSION: Central neurocytoma is a low grade tumor with low values of the proliferative index in the majority of cases. In spite of that, some tumors may present a very aggressive behavior and extraneural dissemination. Evaluation of proliferative index may be a guideline parameter for planning adjuvant therapies after surgical treatment in selected cases. Extraneural dissemination may occur in some cases specially in patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.  (+info)

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