A genus of Eurasian herbaceous plants, the poppies (family PAPAVERACEAE of the dicotyledon class Magnoliopsida), that yield OPIUM from the latex of the unripe seed pods.
The air-dried exudate from the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, or its variant, P. album. It contains a number of alkaloids, but only a few - MORPHINE; CODEINE; and PAPAVERINE - have clinical significance. Opium has been used as an analgesic, antitussive, antidiarrheal, and antispasmodic.
The poppy plant family of the order Papaverales, subclass Magnoliidae, class Magnoliopsida. These have bisexual, regular, cup-shaped flowers with one superior pistil and many stamens; 2 or 3 conspicuous, separate sepals and a number of separate petals. The fruit is a capsule. Leaves are usually deeply cut or divided into leaflets.
One of many different processes which occur in ANGIOSPERMS by which genetic diversity is maintained while INBREEDING is prevented.
A drug that is derived from opium, which contains from 0.3-1.5% thebaine depending on its origin. It produces strychnine-like convulsions rather than narcosis. It may be habit-forming and is a controlled substance (opiate) listed in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Part 1308.12 (1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to tyramine and carbon dioxide. The bacterial enzyme also acts on 3-hydroxytyrosine and, more slowly, on 3-hydroxyphenylalanine. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.1.1.25.
ISOQUINOLINES with a benzyl substituent.
Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

Pore-forming properties of elicitors of plant defense reactions and cellulolytic enzymes. (1/95)

Using the planar lipid bilayer technique, it is shown that a yeast elicitor as well as several cellulolytic enzymes used in protoplasting plant cells contain components which strongly interact with the bilayers. This results in the appearance of transmembrane ion fluxes which may pass through membrane defect structures and even large conductance pores with unitary conductances above 400 pS. Since membrane depolarization is an immediate response in the process of defense elicitation in plant cells, elicitors may act directly with the lipid phase of cell membranes, causing depolarizations and thus initiating the process of elicitation. When using enzymatically prepared protoplasts in electrophysiological work, contributions to electrical activity by membrane active constituents originating from the enzymes used must be expected.  (+info)

Alterations in the actin cytoskeleton of pollen tubes are induced by the self-incompatibility reaction in Papaver rhoeas. (2/95)

Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetically controlled process used to prevent self-pollination. In Papaver rhoeas, the induction of SI is triggered by a Ca(2)+-dependent signaling pathway that results in the rapid and S allele-specific inhibition of pollen tube tip growth. Tip growth of cells is dependent on a functioning actin cytoskeleton. We have investigated the effect of self-incompatibility (S) proteins on the actin cytoskeleton in poppy pollen tubes. Here, we report that the actin cytoskeleton of incompatible pollen tubes is rapidly and dramatically rearranged during the SI response, not only in our in vitro SI system but also in vivo. We demonstrate that nonspecific inhibition of growth does not result in similar actin rearrangements. Because the SI-induced alterations are not observed if growth stops, this clearly demonstrates that these alterations are triggered by the SI signaling cascade rather than merely resulting from the consequent inhibition of growth. We establish a detailed time course of events and discuss the mechanisms that might be involved. Our data strongly implicate a role for the actin cytoskeleton as a target for signaling pathways involved in the SI response of P. rhoeas.  (+info)

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of opium poppy, Papaver somniferum l., and California poppy, Eschscholzia californica cham., root cultures. (3/95)

An efficient protocol for the establishment of transgenic opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) and California poppy (Eschscholzia californica Cham.) root cultures using A. grobacterium rhizogenes is reported. Five strains of A. rhizogenes were tested for their ability to produce hairy roots on wounded opium poppy seedlings and California poppy embryogenic calli. Three of the strains induced hairy root formation on both species, whereas two others either caused the growth of tumorigenic calli or produced no response. To characterize the putative transgenic roots further, explant tissues were co-cultivated with the most effective A: rhizogenes strain (R1000) carrying the pBI121 binary vector. Except for the co-cultivation medium, all formulations included 50 mg l(-1) paromomycin to select for transformants and 200 mg l(-1) timentin to eliminate the Agrobacterium. Four weeks after infection, paromomycin-resistant roots appeared on 92-98% of explants maintained on hormone-free medium. Isolated hairy roots were propagated in liquid medium containing 1.0 mg l(-1) indole-3-acetic acid to promote rapid growth. Detection of the neomycin phosphotransferase gene, high levels of beta-glucuronidase (GUS) transcripts and enzyme activity, and GUS histochemical localization confirmed the integrative transformation of root cultures. Transgenic roots grew faster than wild-type roots, and California poppy roots grew more rapidly than those of opium poppy. With the exception of a less compact arrangement of epidermal cells and more root hairs, transformed roots of both species displayed anatomical features and benzylisoquinoline alkaloid profiles that were virtually identical to those of wild-type roots. Transgenic root cultures of opium poppy and California poppy are a simple, reliable and well-defined model system to investigate the molecular and metabolic regulation of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and to evaluate the genetic engineering potential of these important medicinal plants.  (+info)

Comparative biochemical analysis of lectin and nuclease from Chelidonium majus L. (4/95)

It has been recently recognized that lectins exhibit other activities besides hemagglutination. Previously we have found that purified lectin from Chelidonium majus showed DNase activity (Fik, Gozdzicka-Jozefiak & Kedzia, 1995, Herba Polon. 41, 84-95). Comparison of lectin and DNase from the sap from leaves and roots of Chelidonium majus proved that both these compounds are composed of 24 kDa monomer subunits which have an identical N-terminal sequence but differ in amino-acid composition and degree of glycosylation. Possible interrelationship between lectin and DNase is discussed.  (+info)

Using selective withdrawal to coat microparticles. (5/95)

We report a method that uses the process of selective withdrawal of one fluid through a second immiscible fluid to coat small particles with polymer films. Fluid is withdrawn through a tube with its orifice slightly above a water-oil interface. Upon increasing the flow rate, there is a transition from a state where only oil is withdrawn to a state where the water, containing the particles to be coated and appropriate prepolymer reagents, is entrained in a thin spout along with the oil. The entrained particles eventually cause the spout interface to break, producing a thin coat of controllable thickness around each particle, which can be subsequently polymerized using chemical reagents, light, or heat. This method allows flexibility in the chemical composition and thickness of the conformal coatings.  (+info)

Morphine metabolism in the opium poppy and its possible physiological function. Biochemical characterization of the morphine metabolite, bismorphine. (6/95)

We identified a novel metabolic system of morphine in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). In response to stress, morphine is quickly metabolized to bismorphine consisting of two morphine units, followed by accumulation in the cell wall. This bismorphine binds predominantly to pectins, which possess high galacturonic acid residue contents, through ionical bonds. Our newly developed method using artificial polysaccharides demonstrated that bismorphine bridges are formed between the two amino groups of bismorphine and the carboxyl groups of galacturonic acid residues, resulting in cross-linking of galacturonic acid-containing polysaccharides to each other. The ability of bismorphine to cross-link pectins is much higher than that of Ca2+, which also acts as a cross-linker of these polysaccharides. Furthermore, we confirmed that cross-linking of pectins through bismorphine bridges leads to resistance against hydrolysis by pectinases. These results indicated that production of bismorphine is a defense response of the opium poppy. Bismorphine formation is catalyzed by anionic peroxidase that pre-exists in the capsules and leaves of opium poppies. The constitutive presence of morphine, together with bismorphine-forming peroxidase, enables the opium poppy to rapidly induce the defense system.  (+info)

Laboratory analysis of remotely collected oral fluid specimens for opiates by immunoassay. (7/95)

The performance characteristics of a method for detecting opiates (morphine, codeine, heroin, and 6-acetylmorphine [6-AM]) in oral fluid specimens were examined and compared with methods for urine specimens. The oral fluid was easily obtained using a simple device that collects between 1 and 1.5 mL of fluid for laboratory analysis. Simultaneously collected specimens from 60 known opiate abusers from a drug-treatment center were first tested using an immunoassay cutoff of 10 ng/mL in oral fluids and 2,000 ng/mL in urine. Using a second aliquot, opiate confirmation in urine was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and in oral fluids by GC-MS-MS. The combined immunoassay and GC-MS-MS procedures were completed with less than 250 pL of oral fluid. Opiates identified in oral fluid specimens from heroin users included morphine, codeine, heroin, and 6-AM. The immunoassay was tested for precision, stability, and the effects of potential cross-reactants. The results yielded 93.6% agreement between oral fluid and urine, suggesting that oral fluid may be a reliable matrix for opiate detection.  (+info)

The development and validation of the HLPC method for morphine content determination in poppy straw. (8/95)

The HPLC method for morphine content determination in poppy straw has heen developed and validated. The method validation involved reproducibility and the following parameters of accuracy: selectivity and specificity, linearity and limits of detection and determination, interferences and recovery. The method was used to determine the morphine content in plant resources classified by the Law on "Neutralization of drug abuse" as a intoxicating agent from group I-N, in the content range of 0.02 to 0.27%. The determination was established for 80 samples of plant resources from the whole country of Poland.  (+info)

"Papaver" is the genus name for the poppy plant family, which includes several species of plants that are known for their showy flowers and often contain medicinal alkaloids. The most well-known member of this family is probably Papaver somniferum, also known as the opium poppy. This particular species contains a number of pharmacologically active compounds, including morphine, codeine, and papaverine, which have been used in various medical contexts for their analgesic, sedative, and vasodilatory effects. However, it's worth noting that the use of Papaver somniferum and its derivatives is tightly regulated due to their potential for abuse and addiction.

Opium is defined as the dried latex obtained from incisions made in the unripe seedpods of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). It contains a number of alkaloids, including morphine, codeine, and thebaine. Opium has been used for its pain-relieving, euphoric, and sedative effects since ancient times. However, its use is highly regulated due to the risk of addiction and other serious side effects.

Papaveraceae is a family of flowering plants, also known as the poppy family. It includes annuals, biennials, and perennials with showy flowers and often milky sap. The family contains around 770 species in 42 genera, including some well-known plants such as opium poppy (Papaver somniferum), corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas), and Iceland poppy (Papaver nudicaule). The plants in this family have simple or compound leaves, and their flowers usually have four or six petals. Some members of Papaveraceae are cultivated for their ornamental value, while others produce valuable medicinal compounds such as opium alkaloids.

Self-incompatibility (SI) in flowering plants is a genetic mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and promotes outcrossing. It is a complex system that recognizes and rejects self-pollen, thus preventing the fusion of sperm and egg from the same plant. This ensures genetic diversity within plant populations and reduces the risk of inbreeding depression.

Self-incompatibility systems are classified into two main types: homomorphic and heteromorphic. Homomorphic SI is found in plants where all individuals have the same morphological appearance, but their pollen is rejected by genetically similar stigmas. Heteromorphic SI occurs in plants with distinct morphological differences between individuals (dimorphic or trimorphic), and pollen from one form is rejected by the stigma of another form.

The genetic basis for self-incompatibility involves a specific gene locus, called the S-locus, which contains two tightly linked genes: the pistil S gene (SP) and the pollen S gene (SR). The SP gene encodes a receptor kinase in the stigma that recognizes and interacts with the SR protein on compatible pollen grains. In self-incompatible interactions, the SP and SR proteins interact in a way that triggers a signal transduction cascade leading to the inhibition of pollen tube growth and subsequent rejection of self-pollen.

Self-incompatibility is an essential mechanism for maintaining genetic diversity and ensuring the long-term survival and adaptability of plant populations.

Thebaine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) and is defined medically as follows:

A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, Thebaine is a potent opioid agonist with complex pharmacology. It acts as an antagonist at mu and delta receptors while exhibiting agonist activity at kappa receptors. Due to its strong physiological effects and potential for abuse, thebaine has limited therapeutic use. However, it serves as a crucial intermediate in the semi-synthesis of various opioid analgesics, such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, and nalbuphine.

Please note that this definition is intended for informational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Pollen, in a medical context, refers to the fine powder-like substance produced by the male reproductive organ of seed plants. It contains microscopic grains known as pollen grains, which are transported by various means such as wind, water, or insects to the female reproductive organ of the same or another plant species for fertilization.

Pollen can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, particularly during the spring and summer months when plants release large amounts of pollen into the air. These allergies, also known as hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinitis, can result in symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes, and coughing.

It is important to note that while all pollen has the potential to cause allergic reactions, certain types of plants, such as ragweed, grasses, and trees, are more likely to trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals.

Tyrosine decarboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine to form the biogenic amine tyramine. The reaction occurs in the absence of molecular oxygen and requires pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor. Tyrosine decarboxylase is found in various bacteria, fungi, and plants, and it plays a role in the biosynthesis of alkaloids and other natural products. In humans, tyrosine decarboxylase is not normally present, but its activity has been detected in some tumors and is associated with the production of neurotransmitters in neuronal cells.

Benzylisoquinolines are a type of naturally occurring organic compounds found in various plants. These compounds are derived from the combination of a benzyl group and an isoquinoline ring, hence the name "benzylisoquinolines." They are known to have diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and antimicrobial properties. Some well-known examples of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids include papaverine, found in the opium poppy, and berberine, found in various medicinal plants such as goldenseal and barberry. These compounds have been used in traditional medicine for centuries and continue to be studied for their potential therapeutic uses.

Medicinal plants are defined as those plants that contain naturally occurring chemical compounds which can be used for therapeutic purposes, either directly or indirectly. These plants have been used for centuries in various traditional systems of medicine, such as Ayurveda, Chinese medicine, and Native American medicine, to prevent or treat various health conditions.

Medicinal plants contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and saponins, among others. These compounds have been found to possess various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Medicinal plants can be used in various forms, including whole plant material, extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds. They can be administered through different routes, such as oral, topical, or respiratory, depending on the desired therapeutic effect.

It is important to note that while medicinal plants have been used safely and effectively for centuries, they should be used with caution and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Some medicinal plants can interact with prescription medications or have adverse effects if used inappropriately.

"Plant proteins" refer to the proteins that are derived from plant sources. These can include proteins from legumes such as beans, lentils, and peas, as well as proteins from grains like wheat, rice, and corn. Other sources of plant proteins include nuts, seeds, and vegetables.

Plant proteins are made up of individual amino acids, which are the building blocks of protein. While animal-based proteins typically contain all of the essential amino acids that the body needs to function properly, many plant-based proteins may be lacking in one or more of these essential amino acids. However, by consuming a variety of plant-based foods throughout the day, it is possible to get all of the essential amino acids that the body needs from plant sources alone.

Plant proteins are often lower in calories and saturated fat than animal proteins, making them a popular choice for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as well as those looking to maintain a healthy weight or reduce their risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Additionally, plant proteins have been shown to have a number of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting muscle growth and repair.

... aurantiacum Papaver belangeri Papaver berberica Papaver bipinnatum Papaver bracteatum Papaver burseri (syn. Papaver ... Papaver paucifoliatum Papaver persicum Papaver pilosum : Papaver polychaetum Papaver postii Papaver purpureamarginatum Papaver ... pale poppy Papaver alpinum : dwarf poppy Papaver amurense Papaver apokrinomenon Papaver apulum Papaver arachnoideum Papaver ... Welsh poppy Papaver clavatum Papaver commutatum Papaver croceum : ice poppy Papaver curviscapum Papaver cylindricum Papaver ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family, Papaveraceae. It is native to Morocco and Spain. " ... "Papaver rupifragum Boiss. & Reut". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved ... "Papaver rupifragum Boiss. & Reut". World Flora Online. The World Flora Online Consortium. n.d. Retrieved September 18, 2020. " ... "Papaver rupifragum Boiss. & Reut". Global Diversity Information Facility. GBIF Secretariat. n.d. Retrieved September 18, 2020 ...
A highly abundant weed species in Papaver somniferum fields was shown to be Papaver rhoeas. Papaver somniferum and Papaver ... "BSBI Distribution Maps, Papaver somniferum". London, U.K.: Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. 22 April 2016. "Papaver ... Grow Papaver Somniferum from vizyonpara.com Comprehensive profile for Papaver somniferum from MaltaWildPlants.com Opium FAQ ... Poppy seeds from Papaver somniferum are an important food item and the source of poppy seed oil, an edible oil that has many ...
"Papaver commutatum 'Ladybird'". Gardenia.net. Retrieved 18 February 2019. "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver commutatum 'Ladybird ... Papaver commutatum, the Caucasian scarlet poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae native to northern ... "Papaver commutatum". RHS. Retrieved 18 February 2019. RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley ... "Papaver commutatum". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 24 January 2021. Sariyar, G. (2002). Biodiversity in ...
The three species of Oriental poppy, Papaver orientale, Papaver orientale var. bracteatum and Papaver pseudo-orientale are ... Papaver orientale and is sometimes recorded as the varietal form Papaver orientale var. bracteatum. This species is grown to ... Papaver bracteatum, also known as the Iranian poppy or Persian poppy and the great scarlet poppy (first described by Dr. N. ... Papaver bracteatum does not contain morphine, codeine or any other narcotic alkaloids in significant amounts. Oripavine has ...
polare Tolmatchew Papaver radicatum subsp. radicatum Svalbard poppy, another poppy of the extreme north. ITIS - Papaver polare ... The Flora of North America lists four subspecies: Papaver radicatum subsp. alaskanum (Hultén) J. P. Anderson Papaver radicatum ... Papaver radicatum is a species of poppy known by the common names Arctic poppy, rooted poppy, and yellow poppy. It is a ... Papaver radicatum has hair like structures covering the stem and sepals that are used to retain heat to act as insulation. The ...
"Papaver degenii". Red Book of Bulgaria, Volume I. Retrieved 16 December 2017. "Papaver degenii". The Plant List. Retrieved 22 ... Papaver degenii, the Pirin poppy (Bulgarian: Пирински мак), is a poppy endemic to the Pirin Mountains of south-western Bulgaria ... It is considered by some authors to be conspecific with the Alpine poppy (Papaver alpinum). The Pirin poppy is a perennial ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver degenii. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from ...
"Papaver pinnatifidum Moris - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-02-04. Mifsud, Stephen (2002-08-23). "Papaver ... Papaver pinnatifidum is a species of plant in the family Papaveraceae. This article incorporates text from a free content work ... Licensed under CC0 (license statement/permission). Text taken from Papaver pinnatifidum​, . Encyclopedia of Life. " ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver lateritium. "Papaver lateritium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. ... Papaver lateritium, the Armenian poppy, is a species of poppy endemic to Armenian Highlands, Georgia and North Eastern Turkey ( ... Papaver, Garden plants, Endemic flora of Turkey). ...
... , common name ice poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. Papaver croceum can reach a ... Papaver croceum is a native of southern Siberia, Central Asia, and northern China. Papaver croceum can be found in pasture, ... This plant is cultivated as an ornamental plant and erroneously sold under the name of Papaver nudicaule, that is instead a ... Papaver, Flora of Asia, Plants described in 1830, All stub articles, Ranunculales stubs). ...
... was inspired from Xuntian He's poem Flown Away (1999). "Whirling Papaver". Schott Music. August 2015. "He ... Whirling Papaver ( 米囊旋转舞 ) is a work for solo piano, composed by He Xuntian in 2014. He Xuntian adopted RD Composition, SS ... Whirling Papaver published by Schott Musik International, Germany v t e (Articles using infobox templates with no data rows, ... Composition and Five Nons in his work Whirling Papaver. ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver dubium. Wikispecies has information related to Papaver dubium. Mohn.tk (German) ... Papaver dubium is a species of poppy known by the common names long-headed poppy and blindeyes. It is an annual species which ... Papaver dubium is a variable annual, growing to about 60 cm in height. It generally flowers in late spring to mid-summer. The ... A nearly black-flowering hybrid, known as Evelina, was bred in Italy in the late 1990s, with Papaver rhoeas, but does not ...
... , the bristle poppy, orange poppy or South African poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family ... An upright annual reaching 1.8 m (6 ft), it is found growing in a wide variety of habitats and soil types "Papaver aculeatum ... "South African Poppy (Papaver aculeatum)". Plants Database. The National Gardening Association. 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2023. ... Duncan, Graham (July 2022). "Papaver aculeatum Thunb". PlantZAfrica. South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved ...
... , plants with flowers in Aude, France Flower of Papaver setigerum, lateral view Flower of Papaver setigerum, ... inside view Fruit of Papaver setigerum Leaf of Papaver setigerum La Valva, Vincenzo; Sabato, Sergio; Gigliano, Gesualdo ... Papaver setigerum reaches on average 20-80 centimetres (7.9-31.5 in) in height. The stem is erect and the leaves are simple, ... Papaver setigerum, common name poppy of Troy or dwarf breadseed poppy, is a herbaceous annual plant of the family Papaveraceae ...
... , the harebell poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae, native to China. As ... "Papaver quintuplinervium (Regel) Christenh. & Byng". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens ... Papaver, Endemic flora of China, Flora of North-Central China, Flora of Qinghai, Flora of South-Central China, Flora of Tibet, ...
... has no known subspecies. Papaver heterophyllum resides under the genus Papaver, which contains over a 100 ... Papaver heterophyllum can be compared to Papaver californicum because of the close species relationship delineated by similar ... Papaver heterophyllum falls under the family of Papaveraceae, which contains more than 825 species and 44 genera. Papaver ... The 2011 paper by Kadereit & Baldwin compared Stylomecon heterophylla (now known as Papaver heterophylla) to Papaver ...
"RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Ajaga'". Retrieved 16 January 2021. "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Black and ... "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Effendi'". Retrieved 16 January 2021. "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'John III ... "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Karine'". Retrieved 16 January 2021. "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Khedive ... "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale 'Leuchtfeuer'". Retrieved 16 January 2021. "RHS Plant Selector - Papaver orientale ' ...
... lives in damp, shady places on rocky ground. In its most western locations, it is increasingly found on more ... Papaver cambricum is endemic to upland areas of Western Europe; it is found natively in the mountains of the Iberian Peninsula ... Papaver cambricum has pinnately divided leaves composed of pinnately divided leaflets. The plant can grow between 30-60 cm (12- ... "Papaver cambricum L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2020-02-01. Stace, Clive A. (2019). New ...
"Papaver hybridum - Species Page - APA: Alabama Plant Atlas". floraofalabama.org. Retrieved 2021-12-15. "Papaver hybridum rough ... "Papaver hybridum L." Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 June 2021. " ... Papaver hybridum, the rough poppy or round pricklyhead poppy, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the family ... Papaver, Flora of the Canary Islands, Flora of Madeira, Flora of North Africa, Flora of Southwestern Europe, Flora of ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver atlanticum. Wikiversity has bloom time data for Papaver atlanticum on the Bloom ... Papaver atlanticum, also known as the Moroccan poppy, Spanish poppy, and Atlas poppy, is a species of poppy. It is a perennial ... "Papaver atlanticum (Ball) Coss. , Plants of the World Online , Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-09-27. ... "Syntype of Papaver rupifragum Boiss. var. atlanticum Ball [family PAPAVERACEAE] on JSTOR". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2014-12- ...
... The Nature Conservancy. Williams, Tara Y. 1990. Papaver pygmaeum. In: Fire Effects Information System, [ ... Papaver pygmaeum is a species of poppy known by the common name alpine glacier poppy. It is native to North America, where it ... Papaver pygmaeum. Flora of North America. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, ... NatureServe vulnerable species, Articles with 'species' microformats, Papaver, Flora of Alberta, Flora of British Columbia, ...
... , commonly called the Svalbard poppy, is a poppy species common on Svalbard, north-eastern Greenland and a ... Some sources regard this species as part of Papaver radicatum. It grows to 10-25 cm high, and has long-petiolated basal leaves ... Despite the extreme northern latitude of the Svalbard poppy, if accepted as a separate species, Papaver radicatum is the most ... About Svalbard: Flora, Sysselmannen.no, retrieved: 10 April 2018 "Papaver dahlianum Nordh.". Plants of the World Online. Royal ...
... , synonym Oreomecon alpina, the Alpine poppy or dwarf poppy, is a poppy found in the Alps. The circumscription ... London), 1966, pages 36-36, doi:10.1039/C19660000036 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver alpinum. Xaver Finkenzeller ... Phylogenetic and geographical relationships in Papaver alpinum L. (Papaveraceae) based on RAPD data. Botanische Jahrbücher für ... Papaver, Flora of the Alps, Flora of Austria, Flora of Switzerland, Alpine flora, Limestone Alps, Plants described in 1753, ...
... subsp. armeniacum Papaver armeniacum subsp. microstigmum (Boiss.) Kadereit Papaver armeniacum subsp. ... Papaver armeniacum, the Armenian poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae, native to the Caucasus ... pilgerianum (Fedde) Kadereit "Papaver armeniacum (L.) DC". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic ... Papaver, Flora of Turkey, Flora of the Caucasus, Flora of Iraq, Flora of Iran, Plants described in 1821, All stub articles, ...
Jepson Manual Treatment: Papaver californicum USDA Plants Profile: Papaver californicum Flora of North America Papaver ... Papaver californicum is the only species in the section Papaver sect. Californicum. California chaparral and woodlands Flora of ... Papaver californicum is an annual herb that grows a hairy to hairless stem which may exceed half a meter in height. The flower ... Papaver californicum is a species of poppy known by the common names fire poppy and western poppy. It is endemic to California ...
"Papaver glaucum "Tulip Poppy" Seeds". Seedaholic.com. Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2012-10-23. "Papaver ... Looks similar to the corn rose poppy Papaver rhoeas and the Greek red poppy Papaver dubium. The distinct characteristics is the ... "Papaver glaucum". Robsplants.com. Retrieved 2012-10-23. "Papaver dubium". Plant-identification.co.uk. 2006-07-04. Retrieved ... Papaver glaucum, the tulip poppy, Turkish tulip or Turkish red poppy, is a poppy found in the region of Anatolia. Growing to a ...
... is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is referred to by the common name Semitic ... "Papaver umbonatum Boiss". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved 6 ... "Papaver umbonatum Boiss". World Flora Online. The World Flora Online Consortium. n.d. Retrieved 6 September 2020. (Articles ... It is often confused and misidentified as Papaver rhoeas (corn poppy, common in Europe) even though it is classified as the ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver lapponicum. Wikispecies has information related to Papaver lapponicum. Mohn.tk v ... Papaver lapponicum is a species of poppy known by the common names Lapland poppy. It is endemic to Lapland and western Siberia ...
It and Papaver bracteatum deviate from the usual morphine-producing pathway typically used by other members of Papaver, with, ... "Papaver arenarium M.Bieb". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 29 June ... Papaver arenarium is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae, native to the Caucasus and Caspian regions. ... Papaver, Flora of Turkey, Flora of the Caucasus, Flora of Kazakhstan, Flora of Turkmenistan, Flora of South European Russia, ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papaver rhoeas. Wikispecies has information related to Papaver rhoeas. Malta Wild Plants ... Papaver is the Latin word for poppy and rhoeas means the corn poppy in Greek. Its origin is not known for certain. As with many ... Papaver rhoeas is a variable, erect annual, forming a long-lived soil seed bank that can germinate when the soil is disturbed. ... Papaver rhoeas, with common names including common poppy, corn poppy, corn rose, field poppy, Flanders poppy, and red poppy, is ...
Papaver aurantiacum Papaver belangeri Papaver berberica Papaver bipinnatum Papaver bracteatum Papaver burseri (syn. Papaver ... Papaver paucifoliatum Papaver persicum Papaver pilosum : Papaver polychaetum Papaver postii Papaver purpureamarginatum Papaver ... pale poppy Papaver alpinum : dwarf poppy Papaver amurense Papaver apokrinomenon Papaver apulum Papaver arachnoideum Papaver ... Welsh poppy Papaver clavatum Papaver commutatum Papaver croceum : ice poppy Papaver curviscapum Papaver cylindricum Papaver ...
Genus: Papaver. Nothospecies: Papaver × godronii Name[edit]. Papaver × godronii Rouy, Fl. France (Rouy) 1: 153, in obs. 1893, ... Retrieved from "https://species.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papaver_×_godronii&oldid=6277750" ...
Papaver somniferum. Mutation(s): 2 Gene Names: MT1, SOMT1, PSMT1. EC: 2.1.1.117 (UniProt), 2.1.1 (UniProt), 2.1.1.89 (UniProt) ... Structure of Papaver somniferum O-Methyltransferase 1 Reveals Initiation of Noscapine Biosynthesis with Implications for Plant ... Papaver somniferum O-methyltransferase 1. *PDB DOI: https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb6I6K/pdb ...
Papaver alpinum, the Alpine poppy or dwarf poppy, is a poppy found in the Alps. This species includes several sub-species, four ... Source: Wikipedia, , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaver_alpinum, CC BY-SA 3.0 . Photo: (c) Andrea Simonato, all rights ...
Original book source: Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885, Gera, Germany (see link for further details on image)
This guide is about growing Iceland poppies. These beautiful true perennials are usually grown as annuals or biennials.
... papaver; oriental; - buy this Royalty Free Stock Photo on Nature Plant Flower Blossom Garden Red Black Turkey Poppy Turkish ... Turkish; poppy seed; papaver; oriental; - a Royalty Free Stock Photo from Photocase. Buy this Royalty Free Stock Photo on ... Turkish; poppy seed; papaver; oriental; Nature Plant Flower Blossom Garden Red Black Turkey Poppy Turkish poppy Corn poppy ...
Papaver. Papaver alpinum. Papaver argemone. Papaver californicum. Papaver heterophyllum. Papaver nudicaule. Papaver orientale. ... Noun: Papaver argemone. *Annual Old World poppy with orange-red flowers and bristly fruit. - prickly poppy. Type of: poppy ...
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Papaver bracteatum, also known as the Iranian poppy, is a sturdy perennial poppy with large deep red flowers up to 8 inches (20 ... I think opium is extracted from the Papaver somniferum, but yes, they look alike. ...
Post deleted by Papaver #506943 - 01/01/02 07:03 PM (21 years, 11 months ago) Edit Reply Quote Quick Reply. ...
Similar words for Papaver Somniferum. Definition: noun. type genus of the Papaveraceae; chiefly bristly hairy herbs with ... 1. Papaver noun. type genus of the Papaveraceae; chiefly bristly hairy herbs with usually showy flowers. ...
... en vente sur Rarexoticseeds. Paiement sécurisé et livraison internationale. ... Papaver rhoeas. Usage thérapeutique. The flowers of corn poppy have a long history of medicinal usage, especially for ailments ... Papaver rhoeas, aussi connu sous le nom de Coquelicot, est une plante herbacée annuelle qui pousse jusquà 60 cm. Dans ... Les graines de Papaver rhoeas sont utilisées comme assaisonnement dans les gâteaux, le pain, les salades de fruits. Les graines ...
Decrease Quantity of Papaver paeoniflorum - Black Peony Poppy Increase Quantity of Papaver paeoniflorum - Black Peony Poppy ...
Papaver rhoeas. Corn Poppy. 5679. 11 Italy. Italy. 1998. Wheat 2,4-D 24. Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O). 123. Papaver ... Papaver rhoeas). #. Country. Country. StateName. FirstYear. Situation. Active Ingredients. CountryID. Site of Action. WeedID. ... Papaver rhoeas. Corn Poppy. 10983. 13 Spain. Spain. 1993. Cereals, and Wheat 2,4-D, and tribenuron-methyl 38. Multiple ... Enhanced 2,4-D Metabolism in Two Resistant Papaver rhoeas Populations from Spain. Frontiers in Plant Science 8 : 1584 - . ...
... derived from Papaver somniferum, a plant present in the hospital pharmacopeia used as a narcotic, analgesic, astringent, ... Papaver somniferum in seventeenth century (Italy): archaeotoxicological study on brain and bone samples in patients from a ... Papaver somniferum in seventeenth century (Italy): archaeotoxicological study on brain and bone samples in patients from a ... This could have been responsible for chronic inflammation and pain which may have been treated with the use of the Papaver ...
More results related to Papaver. Papaver nudicaule. Papaver orientale Bolero. Papaver orientalis King Kong. Papaver ... Papaver orientale Turkenlouis. Papaver orientale Little Dancing Girl. Papaver orientalis Harvest Moon. Papaver rupifragum ... Papaver orientale Storm Torch. Papaver orientale Carnival. Papaver orientale Flamenco Dancer. Papaver orientale Princess ... Papaver orientale Ruffled Princess of Orange&rs.... Papaver orientale Picotee. ...
HOW TO GROW Papaver somniferum. Sowing Instructions. Depth: Surface sow; requires light to germinate. Sprout Time: 5-20 days. ...
Papaver orientale, commonly called oriental poppy, is among the most popular poppies available. They are clump-forming plants ...
Judith McMillan Papaver Somniferum (Opium Poppy) platinum print 20 x 16 in 9/15 ...
It is easy to grow poppies from seeds and the self-sow with abandon, without becoming weedy. Simply pull up unwanted plants (an easy task) before they bloom.
Find high quality stock photos of papaver rhoesas, people, cultures and places from around the world from popular tourist ... 860-290332 - Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) flower and mining bee (halictus sp), Alsace, France ... 860-289913 - Red-tailed Bumblebee (Bombus lapidarius) in flight over a Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) in flower, Lorraine, France ... 860-289914 - Red-tailed Bumblebee (Bombus lapidarius) in flight over a Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) in flower, Lorraine, France ...
Papaver Oriental Poppy Fruit Punch (3 pack). {"id":2092866306159,"title":"Papaver Oriental Poppy Fruit Punch (3 pack)"," ... ":"Papaver Plant","tags":["Category_Blends Collections \u0026 Mixes","Category_Poppies","Climate Zone_Zone 3","Climate Zone_ ... ":"Papaver Oriental Poppy Fruit Punch (3 pack)","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":1995,"weight":1361," ... ":[],"content":"\u003ch1\u003eOriental Poppy Plants , Papaver Orientalis - Fruit Punch\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp ...
Care of the plant Papaver rhoeas, Common poppy, Corn poppy, Flanders poppy, Red poppy or Field poppy. ... Papaver glaucum, Papaver somniferum, Papaver alpinum, Papaver pilosum, Papaver nudicaule, Papaver orientale, Papaver bracteatum ... Care of the plant Papaver rhoeas or Common poppy. The genus Papaver, family Papaveraceae, comprises 100 species of annual and ... Papaver rhoeas need full sun or semi-shade exposure and warm or mild temperatures. The species that tolerates the cold is the ...
We grow and supply British native wildflower species online including Common Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) Seeds. Create beautiful ... Common Poppy Seeds (Papaver rhoeas). Evocative red annual, short to medium height, a lover of disturbed ground and agricultural ...
Tag needs printing no Collection notes Callirhoe papaver is a perennial. Flowers: Poppy mallow has showy cup-shaped flowers ... Genus Callirhoe Species papaver Variety Cultivar Common names poppy mallow Family MALVACEAE Specimen number S11439 Data source ... Callirhoe papaver can survive cold winters where the average annual low is -20� Fahrenheit. Poppy mallow does very well with ... i>Callirhoe papaver. MALVACEAE poppy mallow ... Callirhoe papaver compleat botanica plants specimen names ...
Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii var. Albiflorum - RHS Malvern Spring Festival ... Image:1568943 - Stock photo from GAP Gardens ... papaver dubium subsp lecoqii var albiflorum rhs malvern spring festival 2023 wildlife trusts: wilder spaces designer jamie ... Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii var. Albiflorum - RHS Malvern Spring Festival 2023 - The Wildlife Trusts: Wilder Spaces - ... Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii var. Albiflorum - RHS Malvern Spring Festival 2023 - The Wildlife Trusts: Wilder Spaces - ...
Iceland Poppy - Papaver nudicaule. Share this:. *Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window) ... Papaver is an old Latin name for poppy and is from "pappa" (food or milk), an allusion to the milky latex. ...
  • Papaver dubium L. × Papaver somniferum L. (wikimedia.org)
  • I think opium is extracted from the Papaver somniferum, but yes, they look alike. (projectnoah.org)
  • Opium is extracted from the Papaver somniferum species and the seeds are consumed from other species and edible oil is made. (consultaplantas.com)
  • Home Dravya (Herbs) Part A Ahiphena - Papaver somniferum Linn. (iafaforallergy.com)
  • Opium botanically known as Papaver somniferum is cultivated in Eastern countries and India only under license. (iafaforallergy.com)
  • It is the dried latex obtained by the incision from the unripe fruit capsules of Papaver somniferum, dried or partly dried or partly dried by heat or spontaneous evaporation and worked into somewhat irregularly shaped masses or molded into masses of more uniform size and shape. (iafaforallergy.com)
  • Heroin (diacetylmorphine) is a semisynthetic narcotic derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum . (medscape.com)
  • Yunnan Province is located in southwestern China and borders on one of the world's most important poppy ( Papaver somniferum ) growing areas and opium producing bases (the 'Golden Triangle,' an area near the border of Laos, Myanmar and Thailand), and has been an important transfer station and drug trafficking route from the Golden Triangle to Yunnan Province and then to other regions of China. (cdc.gov)
  • Opium, an addictive narcotic drug, is produced from the poppy plant ( Papaver somniferum) and can be consumed as a variety of preparations, either by smoking or by ingestion. (who.int)
  • Papaver bracteatum, also known as the Iranian poppy, is a sturdy perennial poppy with large deep red flowers up to 8 inches (20 cm) across on stiff stalks up to 4 feet (1.22 metres) high with a prominent black spot near the base of the petals. (projectnoah.org)
  • It is related to the commonly cultivated oriental poppy, Papaver orientale. (projectnoah.org)
  • Corn Poppy ( Papaver rhoeas ) is a dicot weed in the Papaveraceae family. (weedscience.com)
  • Papaver orientale , commonly called oriental poppy, is among the most popular poppies available. (missouribotanicalgarden.org)
  • Papaver Orientalis - Fruit Punch\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFruit Punch Oriental Poppy boasts a stunning \u003cstrong\u003emix of ruffled blooms in shades that include hot pink, orange, red, and purple\u003c\/strong\u003e. (easytogrowbulbs.com)
  • Papaver is an old Latin name for poppy and is from "pappa" (food or milk), an allusion to the milky latex. (calyxflowers.com)
  • Over 1000 Pink & Red Field Poppy seeds mixed Papaver Rhoeas Harvested in Dorsetshire 2022 Over 1000 seeds. (healthandherbs.ie)
  • Papaver rhoeas, aussi connu sous le nom de Coquelicot, est une plante herbacée annuelle qui pousse jusqu'à 60 cm. (rarexoticseeds.com)
  • Les graines de Papaver rhoeas sont utilisées comme assaisonnement dans les gâteaux, le pain, les salades de fruits. (rarexoticseeds.com)
  • Multiple resistance of Papaver rhoeas L. to 2,4-D and acetolactate synthase inhibitors in four European countries. (weedscience.com)
  • The issue of cross- or multiple resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors and the auxinic herbicide 2,4-D was investigated in Papaver rhoeas L., a common and troublesome weed in winter cereals, in a broad-scale study across four European countries. (weedscience.com)
  • Papaver rhoeas need full sun or semi-shade exposure and warm or mild temperatures. (consultaplantas.com)
  • Papaver Rhoeas They were worried that the seeds they had bought had not germinated and may have been washed away with the rain and flooding earlier. (meadowmania.co.uk)
  • Grassland meadow with Hordeum and Common, or corn, or field, or red poppies (Papaver rhoeas) on the slopes of the mountain range Dikeos, at an altitude of about 400 meters above sea level. (ecosystema.ru)
  • Hand colored engraving of Papaver rhoeas from the 18th century. (lu.se)
  • The genus Papaver , family Papaveraceae , comprises 100 species of annual and perennial plants native to the Northern Hemisphere and Australia. (consultaplantas.com)
  • Papaver means a member of the Papaveraceae family. (iafaforallergy.com)
  • Papaver /pəˈpeɪvər/ is a genus of 70-100 species of frost-tolerant annuals, biennials, and perennials native to temperate and cold regions of Eurasia, Africa and North America. (wikipedia.org)
  • either Meconella must be elevated to genus status, or combined with the Asian species of Meconopsis, as a subgenus of Papaver. (wikipedia.org)
  • As several species of Meconopsis (excluding M. cambrica) and P. Meconella resolved as a monophyletic group, sister to other Papaver sects. (wikipedia.org)
  • The species that tolerates the cold is the Papaver alpinum. (consultaplantas.com)
  • Papaver apulum, P. argemone and P. pavonium occur allopatrically from the Adriatic Sea to the Himalayan range. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has been distinguished from other Papaver sections morphologically by its bristly, valvate capsules, pinnatisect leaves, pale stamen, and white, orange or yellow corolla. (wikipedia.org)
  • The typical Papaver gynoecium is superior (the flower is hypogynous) with a globular ovary. (wikipedia.org)
  • Callirhoe papaver can survive cold winters where the average annual low is -20� Fahrenheit. (crescentbloom.com)
  • The characteristic fruit type of Papaver is the unilocular capsule. (wikipedia.org)
  • Previous taxonomies of the Old World clade did include the close relationship between Argemonidium and Roemeria, nor Argemonidium's distinctness from Papaver s.s. (wikipedia.org)
  • They share some morphological characters that distinguish them from Papaver, including polyporate pollen grains, and long internodes superior the basal leaf rosette. (wikipedia.org)
  • Argemonidium is a sister group to all other Papaver sections, with characteristic indels. (wikipedia.org)
  • Kadereit (1990) and Kadereit and Sytsma (1992) regarded finely dissected leaves as a derived character, and suggested that Meconella formed a group with Argemonidium as sister to other Papaver sects. (wikipedia.org)
  • You can see all the Papaver plants and Papaver seeds and bulbs for sale in our garden centre which lists products from over 25 popular websites. (growsonyou.com)
  • Papaver nudicaule seeds, content: Approx. (magicgardenseeds.com)
  • They share some morphological characters that distinguish them from Papaver, including polyporate pollen grains, and long internodes superior the basal leaf rosette. (wikipedia.org)
  • Kadereit (1990) and Kadereit and Sytsma (1992) regarded finely dissected leaves as a derived character, and suggested that Meconella formed a group with Argemonidium as sister to other Papaver sects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Papaver is one of my favorite flowers, hence my inspiration for this piece. (capracgallery.ca)
  • Previous taxonomies of the Old World clade did include the close relationship between Argemonidium and Roemeria, nor Argemonidium's distinctness from Papaver s.s. (wikipedia.org)
  • Papaver Orientalis - Fruit Punch\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFruit Punch Oriental Poppy boasts a stunning \u003cstrong\u003emix of ruffled blooms in shades that include hot pink, orange, red, and purple\u003c\/strong\u003e. (easytogrowbulbs.com)