Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.
A family of coccoid to rod-shaped nonsporeforming, gram-negative, nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that includes the genera ACTINOBACILLUS; HAEMOPHILUS; MANNHEIMIA; and PASTEURELLA.
A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as gram-negative, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Most members are found both as pathogens and commensal organisms in the respiratory, alimentary, and genital tracts of animals.
The oldest recognized genus of the family PASTEURELLACEAE. It consists of several species. Its organisms occur most frequently as coccobacillus or rod-shaped and are gram-negative, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Species of this genus are found in both animals and humans.
Genus of bacteria in the family PASTEURELLACEAE, comprising multiple species that do not ferment trehalose. Species include MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA; M. glucosida, M. granulomatis, M. ruminalis, and M. varigena.
A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE that consists of several species occurring in animals and humans. Its organisms are described as gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coccobacillus or rod-shaped, and nonmotile.
Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PASTEURELLA, found in the NASOPHARYNX of normal GUINEA PIGS; RATS; HAMSTERS; MICE; DOGS; and CATS. When associated with disease, it is usually a secondary invader. Occasional infections have been reported in humans.
A family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria in the order Pseudomonadales. Some strains are parasites of the mucosal membranes of animals and humans; others are found in association with food products or in the environment.
Mammals of the family Phocoenidae comprising four genera found in the North Pacific Ocean and both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean and in various other seas. They differ from DOLPHINS in that porpoises have a blunt snout and a rather stocky body while dolphins have a beak-like snout and a slender, streamlined body. They usually travel in small groups. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, pp1003-4)
A species of gram-negative bacteria (currently incertae sedis) causing multisystem disease in CATTLE.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally found in the flora of the mouth and respiratory tract of animals and birds. It causes shipping fever (see PASTEURELLOSIS, PNEUMONIC); HEMORRHAGIC BACTEREMIA; and intestinal disease in animals. In humans, disease usually arises from a wound infection following a bite or scratch from domesticated animals.
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus HAEMOPHILUS, causing respiratory tract disease in CHICKENS known as infectious coryza.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally commensal in the flora of CATTLE and SHEEP. But under conditions of physical or PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS, it can cause MASTITIS in sheep and SHIPPING FEVER or ENZOOTIC CALF PNEUMONIA in cattle. Its former name was Pasteurella haemolytica.
Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
A family of gram-negative bacteria whose members predominate in the bacterial flora of PLANKTON; FISHES; and SEAWATER. Some members are important pathogens for humans and animals.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacillus-shaped bacteria that has been isolated from pneumonic lesions and blood. It produces pneumonia with accompanying fibrinous pleuritis in swine.
A species of HAEMOPHILUS that appears to be the pathogen or causative agent of the sexually transmitted disease, CHANCROID.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.

Seasonal incidence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Pasteurellaceae isolated from American bison (Bison bison). (1/68)

Ninety pharyngeal tonsils were collected from 2-year-old American bison (Bison bison) bulls and sampled for members of the Pasteurellaceae family. Particular attention was paid to seasonal incidence and antimicrobial resistance in serotypes and biovariants. Multiple strains of Pasteurella haemolytica (39%), P. trehalosi (68%), P. multocida (34%) and Haemophilus somnus (13%) were cultured from 86 out of the 90 (96%) tonsil samples. Pasteurella trehalosi was the most common and evenly distributed of the organisms recovered. Pasteurella haemolytica was found in fewer numbers than P. trehalosi, but showed an increase in number of isolates recovered with each sampling period. Pasteurella multocida, both A and D capsular types, was recovered from all sampling periods. No serotype pattern was observed in any of the animal groups sampled. One hundred twenty-seven of 147 (86%) of the isolates were resistant to at least 1 antibiotic, 95/147 (65%) to at least 2 different antibiotics, and 16/147 (11%) to at least 3 antibiotics. The most common resistance pattern observed was to neomycin and spectinomycin (73/147) (49%).  (+info)

A selectin inhibitor decreases neutrophil infiltration during acute Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia. (2/68)

The degree to which the selectin inhibitor TBC1269 reduces neutrophil infiltration in specific microscopic locations of the lung during acute pneumonia of neonates was determined. Neonatal calves were inoculated intrabronchially with Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica or saline, and lung tissue was collected at 2 and 6 hours postinoculation (PI). One 6-hour group inoculated with M. haemolytica received TBC1269 intravenously before and after inoculation with M. haemolytica. Infiltrates of neutrophils were significantly higher in the alveolar lumen and septae but lower in the bronchial lumen and epithelium at 6 hours PI than at 2 hours PI. Significantly fewer neutrophils (P < 0.05) were present in the alveolar lumen and septae, and the bronchiolar lumen and lamina propria in the lungs of TBC1269-treated calves compared with untreated calves at 6 hours PI. TBC1269 did not alter the infiltration into bronchi and blood vessels or the expression of the selectin-independent adhesion molecule, ICAM-1. This work suggests that during acute pneumonia of neonates 1) neutrophil infiltrates progressively increase in the alveolar lumens and septae but decrease in the bronchial lumen and epithelium with time, 2) TBC1269 reduces neutrophil infiltration into specific regions of alveoli and bronchioles rather than uniformly throughout the lung, and 3) selectin inhibition does not affect the location and intensity of ICAM-1 expression.  (+info)

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of danofloxacin against Mannheimia haemolytica in a tissue-cage model in calves. (3/68)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an experimental model of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship of danofloxacin against Mannheimia haemolytica infection, using subcutaneously implanted tissue cages in calves. METHODS: Tissue cages implanted subcutaneously in calves were infected with M. haemolytica and different concentration-time profiles of danofloxacin were simulated. Drug concentrations and bacterial counts were monitored over time and various PK/PD parameters calculated. RESULTS: By using different types of cage and various doses, a range of PK/PD indices were simulated. The PK/PD index that best predicted the antimicrobial effect was the AUC/MIC ratio. The magnitude of this index needed for near-maximum effect (80%), assessed using the area under the bacterial kill curve to 48 h, was 244 h. CONCLUSIONS: The model described enabled different concentration-time profiles to be simulated, and PK/PD interactions to be studied in the presence of the host's defences. The validity of this model needs to be confirmed by clinical studies, but the results suggest that it may be a useful intermediary step between in vitro and clinical studies.  (+info)

Depletion of pulmonary intravascular macrophages inhibits acute lung inflammation. (4/68)

Pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs) are present in ruminants and horses. These species are highly sensitive to acute lung inflammation compared with non-PIM-containing species such as rats and humans. There is evidence that rats and humans may also recruit PIMs under certain conditions. We investigated precise contributions of PIMs to acute lung inflammation in a calf model. First, PIMs were recognized with a combination of in vivo phagocytic tracer Monastral blue and postembedding immunohistology with anti-CD68 monoclonal antibody. Second, gadolinium chloride depleted PIMs within 48 h of treatment (P < 0.05). Finally, PIMs contain TNF-alpha, and their depletion reduces cells positive for IL-8 (P < 0.05) and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05) and histopathological signs of acute lung inflammation in calves infected with Mannheimia hemolytica. The majority of IL-8-positive inflammatory cells in lung septa of infected calves were platelets. Platelets from normal cattle contained preformed IL-8 that was released upon in vitro exposure to thrombin (P < 0.05). These novel data show that PIMs, as the source of TNF-alpha, promote recruitment of inflammatory cells including IL-8-containing platelets to stimulate acute inflammation and pathology in lungs. These data may also be relevant to humans due to our ability to recruit PIMs.  (+info)

Molecular typing of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica serotype A1 isolates from cattle in Japan. (5/68)

Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) methods were applied for molecular typing of 130 Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica serotype A1 isolates obtained from 13 prefectures in Japan. These isolates were divided into 15 ApaI PFGE profiles that formed six distinct clusters (clusters A-F). Fifty-three (40.7%) isolates were classified in cluster B, and 20.0, 13.8, 12.3, 6.9 and 6.1% of isolates were in clusters E, A, F, D and C, respectively. The isolates of cluster B were differentiated into seven subtypes (B1-B7) and subtype B5 contained 63% (34/53) of isolates. RAPD revealed four banding patterns (types I-IV), and among 130 isolates 60.7% (79/130) of isolates were RAPD type I. All of the RAPD type I isolates were grouped into clusters A-C by PFGE. There was no relationship between molecular typing and geographic origin of these isolates. These results indicate that isolates of M. haemolytica A1 strain with various molecular profiles have already spread in Japan and may have caused sporadic infections.  (+info)

Detection of Gallibacterium spp. in chickens by fluorescent 16S rRNA in situ hybridization. (6/68)

Gallibacterium has recently been included as a new genus of the family Pasteurellaceae Pohl 1981, which encompasses bacteria previously reported as Pasteurella anatis, "Actinobacillus salpingitidis," and avian Pasteurella haemolytica-like organisms. So far, identification has exclusively relied on phenotypic characterization. We present a method based on a cyanine dye 3.18-labeled in situ hybridization probe targeting 16S rRNA to allow specific detection of bacteria belonging to the genus Gallibacterium. The probe, GAN850, showed no cross-reactivity to 25 other poultry-associated bacterial species, including members of the families Pasteurellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Flavobacteriaceae, when cross-reactivities were evaluated by whole-cell hybridization. The probe was further evaluated by hybridization to formalin-fixed spleen and liver tissues from experimentally infected chickens, in which it proved to be useful for the detection of Gallibacterium. Additionally, determination of the spatial distribution and the host cell affiliation of Gallibacterium at various times during the infection process was possible. In conclusion, the in situ hybridization technique described may be of use as a diagnostic tool as well as for studies to elucidate the pathogenesis of Gallibacterium infections in chickens.  (+info)

Effects of dietary energy and starch concentrations for newly received feedlot calves: I. Growth performance and health. (7/68)

Crossbred calves (n = 572; initial BW = 186 +/- 27 kg) purchased from northern Texas, Arkansas, and southeast Oklahoma auction markets were delivered to the Willard Sparks Beef Research Center, Stillwater, OK, and used to study the effects of dietary energy and starch concentrations on performance and health of newly received feedlot calves during a 42-d receiving period. On arrival, calves were assigned randomly to one of two dietary energy levels (0.85 or 1.07 Mcal NEg/kg DM) and one of two dietary starch levels (34 or 48% of ME from starch) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Cattle were weighed and serum samples were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 28, and 42. Individual animal records of morbidity were kept for all cases of respiratory and other disease. Nasal swabs were collected from each morbid animal and cultured for upper-respiratory pathogens. There were no energy x starch level interactions for performance or health response variables. Daily gain (1.14 kg/d) and gain efficiency (ADG:DMI = 0.179) were not affected by increasing dietary energy or starch concentrations. Calves fed low-energy diets consumed (P < 0.05) more DM. No difference (P = 0.54) was detected in morbidity for calves fed high-energy (62.4% calves treated) compared with low-energy (65.8% calves treated) diets; however, calves fed the high-starch diets had numerically (P = 0.11) greater morbidity than calves fed low-starch diets (68.8 vs. 59.4% calves treated, respectively). There were no energy or starch effects on Mannheimia haemolytica or Pasteurella multocida antibody titers; however, day effects (P < 0.02) occurred. On d 7, 14, and 28, calves had antibody titers for P. multocida that were greater (P < 0.05) than titers on d 0. In addition, calves had greater antibody titers to M. haemolytica on d 7 and 14 than on d 0. Nasal swabs revealed that calves fed the high-energy diets tended (P = 0.06) to have a lower percentage of morbid calves with P. multocida during the first antimicrobial treatment and a lower percentage of Haemophilus somnus isolates during the first (P = 0.01) and second (P = 0.06) antimicrobial treatments than calves fed the low-energy diets. Although animal performance was not influenced, the present data suggest that feeding the high-energy diet decreased the percentage of P. multocida and H. somnus pathogens in calves that received one or more antimicrobial treatments.  (+info)

Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens from bovine pneumonia: 1994--2002. (8/68)

Between 1994 and 2002, a total of 390 (46.3%) Mannheimia haemolytica, 292 (34.7%) Pasteurella multocida, and 160 (19.0%) Histophilus somni were isolated at the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from lungs from 6-18-month-old beef cattle with pneumonia. The ratio of M. haemolytica isolations to P. multocida isolations decreased from 3.1 in 1994 to 0.8 in 2000 while increasing to 1.5 in 2002. Mannheimia haemolytica isolations significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from 62.5% in 1994 to between 30.6% and 50.4% in 1998--2002. Pasteurella multocida isolations significantly (P < 0.05) increased from 20.0% in 1994 to between 28.6% and 47.4% in 1998--2002. Histophilus somni isolations were <19% except in 1998 (40.8%) and 1999 (23%). Antimicrobial susceptibilities for M. haemolytica significantly declined for erythromycin (P = 0.0001), florfenicol (P = 0.0004), spectinomycin (P = 0.0001), and tilmicosin (P = 0.03). For P. multocida, antimicrobial susceptibilities significantly declined for erythromycin (P = 0.0001), florfenicol (P = 0.004), spectinomycin (P = 0.03), sulfachloropyridizine (P = 0.028), tetracycline (P = 0.017), tilmicosin (P = 0.0001), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (P = 0.0003). Antimicrobial susceptibilities for H. somni were variable for spectinomycin and sulfachloropyridizine, whereas susceptibilities to other antibiotics remained consistently high.  (+info)

Pasteurellaceae infections refer to illnesses caused by bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae. This family includes several genera of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, with the most common pathogenic genus being Pasteurella. These bacteria are commonly found as normal flora in the upper respiratory tracts of animals, including pets like cats and dogs, and can be transmitted to humans through bites, scratches, or contact with contaminated fluids.

Pasteurellaceae infections can cause a range of clinical manifestations, depending on the specific species involved and the site of infection. Common Pasteurella species that cause human infections include P. multocida and P. pneumotropica. Infections caused by these bacteria often present as localized skin or soft tissue infections, such as cellulitis, abscesses, or wound infections, following animal contact.

In addition to skin and soft tissue infections, Pasteurellaceae can also cause respiratory tract infections (pneumonia, bronchitis), septicemia, and, rarely, meningitis or endocarditis. Immunocompromised individuals, those with chronic lung disease, or those who have alcohol use disorder are at increased risk for severe Pasteurellaceae infections.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics active against gram-negative bacteria, such as amoxicillin/clavulanate, doxycycline, or fluoroquinolones. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent potential complications and the spread of infection.

Pasteurellaceae is a family of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic or aerobic, non-spore forming bacteria that are commonly found as normal flora in the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract of animals and humans. Some members of this family can cause a variety of diseases in animals and humans, including pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, and localized infections such as abscesses and cellulitis.

Some notable genera within Pasteurellaceae include:

* Pasteurella: includes several species that can cause respiratory tract infections, septicemia, and soft tissue infections in animals and humans. The most common species is Pasteurella multocida, which is a major pathogen in animals and can also cause human infections associated with animal bites or scratches.
* Haemophilus: includes several species that are normal flora of the human respiratory tract and can cause respiratory tract infections, including bronchitis, pneumonia, and meningitis. The most well-known species is Haemophilus influenzae, which can cause severe invasive diseases such as meningitis and sepsis, particularly in young children.
* Mannheimia: includes several species that are normal flora of the upper respiratory tract of ruminants (such as cattle and sheep) and can cause pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections in these animals. The most common species is Mannheimia haemolytica, which is a major pathogen in cattle and can also cause human infections associated with animal contact.
* Actinobacillus: includes several species that are normal flora of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract of animals and can cause respiratory tract infections, septicemia, and localized infections in these animals. The most common species is Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, which causes a severe form of pneumonia in pigs.

Overall, Pasteurellaceae family members are important pathogens in both veterinary and human medicine, and their infections can range from mild to severe and life-threatening.

According to the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, 'actinobacillus' is defined as:

"A genus of gram-negative, nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic rods (family Pasteurellaceae) that are parasites or commensals in animals and occasionally cause disease in humans. Some species produce a polysaccharide capsule."

In simpler terms, Actinobacillus is a type of bacteria that can be found in animals, including sometimes as normal flora in their mouths and throats. These bacteria can sometimes infect humans, usually through close contact with animals or through the consumption of contaminated food or water. Some species of Actinobacillus can produce a polysaccharide capsule, which can make them more resistant to the body's immune defenses and more difficult to treat with antibiotics.

It is worth noting that while some species of Actinobacillus can cause disease in humans, they are generally not considered major human pathogens. However, they can cause a variety of clinical syndromes, including respiratory tract infections, wound infections, and bacteremia (bloodstream infections). Treatment typically involves the use of antibiotics that are active against gram-negative bacteria, such as amoxicillin/clavulanate or fluoroquinolones.

"Pasteurella" is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacilli that are part of the family Pasteurellaceae. These bacteria are commonly found as normal flora in the upper respiratory tracts of animals, including cats, dogs, and livestock. They can cause a variety of infections in humans, such as wound infections, pneumonia, and septicemia, often following animal bites or scratches. Two notable species are Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella canis. Proper identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing are essential for appropriate treatment.

"Mannheimia" is a genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen. These bacteria are commonly found in the upper respiratory tract of animals and are known to cause various diseases in domestic and wild animals. Some species of Mannheimia can also cause zoonotic infections in humans who come into close contact with infected animals.

The most well-known species of Mannheimia is M. haemolytica, which is a major pathogen in cattle and sheep, causing respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and shipping fever. Other species of Mannheimia include M. granulomatis, M. varigena, and M. succiniciproducens, among others.

Mannheimia bacteria are known to produce a variety of virulence factors, including hemolysins, endotoxins, and exotoxins, which contribute to their pathogenicity. Diagnosis of Mannheimia infections typically involves the isolation and identification of the bacteria from clinical samples, such as respiratory secretions or tissue samples, followed by confirmation using biochemical tests or molecular methods. Treatment usually involves the use of antibiotics, although the emergence of antibiotic resistance among Mannheimia species is a growing concern.

Haemophilus is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that are commonly found as part of the normal microbiota of the human respiratory tract. However, some species can cause infections in humans, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions.

The most well-known species is Haemophilus influenzae, which was originally identified as a cause of influenza (hence the name), but it is now known that not all strains of H. influenzae cause this disease. In fact, the majority of H. influenzae infections are caused by strains that produce a polysaccharide capsule, which makes them more virulent and able to evade the host's immune system.

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was once a major cause of serious bacterial infections in children, including meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis. However, since the introduction of vaccines against Hib in the 1980s, the incidence of these infections has decreased dramatically.

Other Haemophilus species that can cause human infections include Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi (which causes chancroid), and Haemophilus aphrophilus (which can cause endocarditis).

Pasteurella infections are diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Pasteurella, with P. multocida being the most common species responsible for infections in humans. These bacteria are commonly found in the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tracts of animals, particularly domestic pets such as cats and dogs.

Humans can acquire Pasteurella infections through animal bites, scratches, or contact with contaminated animal secretions like saliva. The infection can manifest in various forms, including:

1. Skin and soft tissue infections: These are the most common types of Pasteurella infections, often presenting as cellulitis, abscesses, or wound infections after an animal bite or scratch.
2. Respiratory tract infections: Pasteurella bacteria can cause pneumonia, bronchitis, and other respiratory tract infections, especially in individuals with underlying lung diseases or weakened immune systems.
3. Ocular infections: Pasteurella bacteria can infect the eye, causing conditions like conjunctivitis, keratitis, or endophthalmitis, particularly after an animal scratch to the eye or face.
4. Septicemia: In rare cases, Pasteurella bacteria can enter the bloodstream and cause septicemia, a severe and potentially life-threatening condition.
5. Other infections: Pasteurella bacteria have also been known to cause joint infections (septic arthritis), bone infections (osteomyelitis), and central nervous system infections (meningitis or brain abscesses) in some cases.

Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are crucial for managing Pasteurella infections, as they can progress rapidly and lead to severe complications, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.

"Pasteurella pneumotropica" is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that belongs to the genus Pasteurella. It is a facultative anaerobe, which means it can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen. This bacterium is commonly found as a commensal organism in the respiratory tracts of rabbits, rats, and mice. However, it can also cause opportunistic infections in these animals and other species, including humans, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Infections caused by "Pasteurella pneumotropica" can manifest as respiratory tract infections, septicemia, wound infections, and abscesses. In humans, the bacterium can be transmitted through animal bites or scratches, contaminated food or water, or direct contact with infected animals. The diagnosis of "Pasteurella pneumotropica" infection typically involves the isolation and identification of the bacterium from clinical samples, such as blood, sputum, or wound tissue. Treatment usually involves the use of antibiotics that are effective against gram-negative bacteria, such as amoxicillin/clavulanate or doxycycline.

Moraxellaceae is a family of Gram-negative, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria within the class Gammaproteobacteria. The bacteria in this family are typically non-motile and have a polar flagellum or are non-flagellated. They are known to be found in various environments such as soil, water, and the mucous membranes of animals. Some genera within this family include Moraxella, Acinetobacter, and Psychrobacter. These bacteria can cause a variety of infections in humans, ranging from respiratory tract infections to bacteremia and meningitis, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "porpoises" are not a medical term. They refer to a group of marine mammals that are closely related to dolphins. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help clarify those for you!

Haemophilus somnus (also known as Histophilus somni) is not typically defined in a medical dictionary, but it is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause various diseases in animals, particularly in cattle. It is part of the Haemophilus genus and Pasteurellaceae family.

H. somnus can lead to respiratory illnesses, reproductive disorders (such as infertility, abortions, and stillbirths), and systemic infections like sepsis or joint inflammation (arthritis). The bacterium is often found in the upper respiratory tract of healthy cattle, but it can become pathogenic under stressful conditions or when the animal's immune system is weakened.

While Haemophilus somnus primarily affects animals and not humans, there have been rare cases where people working closely with infected animals (such as veterinarians, farmers, or slaughterhouse workers) may develop infections due to exposure. However, this is uncommon, and H. somnus does not typically pose a significant risk to human health.

"Pasteurella multocida" is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coccobacillus bacterium that is part of the normal flora in the respiratory tract of many animals, including birds, dogs, and cats. It can cause a variety of infections in humans, such as respiratory infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and bloodstream infections, particularly in individuals who have close contact with animals or animal bites or scratches. The bacterium is named after Louis Pasteur, who developed a vaccine against it in the late 19th century.

Haemophilus paragallinarum is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is the primary cause of infectious coryza, an upper respiratory disease in birds, particularly chickens. The bacteria colonize and infect the mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract, leading to clinical signs such as sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it can result in significant economic losses for poultry farmers due to decreased egg production, poor feed conversion, and increased mortality rates. It is transmitted through direct contact with infected birds or contaminated surfaces, making biosecurity measures essential to control its spread.

"Mannheimia haemolytica" is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found as part of the normal flora in the upper respiratory tract of cattle and other ruminants. However, under certain conditions such as stress, viral infection, or sudden changes in temperature or humidity, the bacteria can multiply rapidly and cause a severe respiratory disease known as shipping fever or pneumonic pasteurellosis.

The bacterium is named "haemolytica" because it produces a toxin that causes hemolysis, or the breakdown of red blood cells, resulting in the characteristic clear zones around colonies grown on blood agar plates. The bacteria can also cause other symptoms such as fever, coughing, difficulty breathing, and depression.

"Mannheimia haemolytica" is a significant pathogen in the cattle industry, causing substantial economic losses due to mortality, reduced growth rates, and decreased milk production. Prevention and control measures include good management practices, vaccination, and prompt treatment of infected animals with antibiotics.

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes, which are complex structures inside cells where protein synthesis occurs. The "16S" refers to the sedimentation coefficient of the rRNA molecule, which is a measure of its size and shape. In particular, 16S rRNA is a component of the smaller subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome (found in bacteria and archaea), and is often used as a molecular marker for identifying and classifying these organisms due to its relative stability and conservation among species. The sequence of 16S rRNA can be compared across different species to determine their evolutionary relationships and taxonomic positions.

Vibrionaceae is a family of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that are commonly found in aquatic environments. The bacteria are known for their ability to produce endotoxins and exotoxins, which can cause illness in humans and animals. Some members of this family are capable of causing foodborne illnesses, wound infections, and gastrointestinal diseases.

The most well-known genus within Vibrionaceae is Vibrio, which includes several species that are significant human pathogens. For example, Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera, a severe diarrheal disease that can lead to dehydration and death if left untreated. Other notable Vibrio species that can cause illness in humans include Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, which are often associated with raw or undercooked seafood consumption and wound infections, respectively.

Proper food handling, cooking, and hygiene practices can help prevent Vibrionaceae infections. People with weakened immune systems, chronic liver disease, or iron overload disorders may be at higher risk of severe illness from Vibrio infections and should take extra precautions to avoid exposure.

'Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae' is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that primarily affects the respiratory system of pigs, causing a disease known as porcine pleuropneumonia. This disease is associated with severe respiratory signs, including coughing, difficulty breathing, and high fever, and can lead to significant economic losses in the swine industry.

The bacterium is typically transmitted through direct contact with infected pigs or contaminated fomites, and it can also be spread through aerosolized droplets. Once inside the host, 'Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae' produces a number of virulence factors that allow it to evade the immune system and cause tissue damage.

Effective control and prevention strategies for porcine pleuropneumonia include vaccination, biosecurity measures, and antibiotic treatment. However, antibiotic resistance is an emerging concern in the management of this disease, highlighting the need for continued research and development of new control strategies.

Haemophilus ducreyi is a gram-negative, oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacillus that is the causative agent of chancroid, a sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease. It requires factors X and V for growth, which makes it fastidious and difficult to culture. The organism primarily infects the epithelial cells of the skin and mucous membranes, causing painful, necrotic ulcers with ragged borders and suppurative inguinal lymphadenopathy. Chancroid is a significant co-factor in the transmission of HIV. Infections caused by H. ducreyi are more common in tropical and developing regions, where it remains an important public health concern.

Bacterial DNA refers to the genetic material found in bacteria. It is composed of a double-stranded helix containing four nucleotide bases - adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) - that are linked together by phosphodiester bonds. The sequence of these bases in the DNA molecule carries the genetic information necessary for the growth, development, and reproduction of bacteria.

Bacterial DNA is circular in most bacterial species, although some have linear chromosomes. In addition to the main chromosome, many bacteria also contain small circular pieces of DNA called plasmids that can carry additional genes and provide resistance to antibiotics or other environmental stressors.

Unlike eukaryotic cells, which have their DNA enclosed within a nucleus, bacterial DNA is present in the cytoplasm of the cell, where it is in direct contact with the cell's metabolic machinery. This allows for rapid gene expression and regulation in response to changing environmental conditions.

Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) refers to the specific regions of DNA in a cell that contain the genes for ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Ribosomes are complex structures composed of proteins and rRNA, which play a crucial role in protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins.

In humans, there are four types of rRNA molecules: 18S, 5.8S, 28S, and 5S. These rRNAs are encoded by multiple copies of rDNA genes that are organized in clusters on specific chromosomes. In humans, the majority of rDNA genes are located on the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22.

Each cluster of rDNA genes contains both transcribed and non-transcribed spacer regions. The transcribed regions contain the genes for the four types of rRNA, while the non-transcribed spacers contain regulatory elements that control the transcription of the rRNA genes.

The number of rDNA copies varies between species and even within individuals of the same species. The copy number can also change during development and in response to environmental factors. Variations in rDNA copy number have been associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

Actinobacillus infections are caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Actinobacillus, which are gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and non-motile rods. These bacteria can cause a variety of infections in humans and animals, including respiratory tract infections, wound infections, and septicemia.

The most common species that causes infection in humans is Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, which is associated with periodontal disease, endocarditis, and soft tissue infections. Other species such as A. suis, A. lignieresii, and A. equuli can cause infections in animals and occasionally in humans, particularly those who have close contact with animals.

Symptoms of Actinobacillus infections depend on the site of infection and may include fever, chills, swelling, redness, pain, and purulent discharge. Diagnosis is typically made through culture and identification of the bacteria from clinical samples such as blood, wound secretions, or respiratory specimens. Treatment usually involves antibiotics that are effective against gram-negative bacteria, such as aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, or third-generation cephalosporins. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to drain abscesses or remove infected tissue.

DNA Sequence Analysis is the systematic determination of the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. It is a critical component of modern molecular biology, genetics, and genetic engineering. The process involves determining the exact order of the four nucleotide bases - adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) - in a DNA molecule or fragment. This information is used in various applications such as identifying gene mutations, studying evolutionary relationships, developing molecular markers for breeding, and diagnosing genetic diseases.

The process of DNA Sequence Analysis typically involves several steps, including DNA extraction, PCR amplification (if necessary), purification, sequencing reaction, and electrophoresis. The resulting data is then analyzed using specialized software to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides.

In recent years, high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, enabling the rapid and cost-effective sequencing of entire genomes. This has led to an explosion of genomic data and new insights into the genetic basis of many diseases and traits.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is not a type of gene itself, but rather a crucial component that is transcribed from genes known as ribosomal DNA (rDNA). In cells, rRNA plays an essential role in protein synthesis by assembling with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes. Ribosomes are complex structures where the translation of mRNA into proteins occurs. There are multiple types of rRNA molecules, including 5S, 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNAs in eukaryotic cells, each with specific functions during protein synthesis.

In summary, 'Genes, rRNA' would refer to the genetic regions (genes) that code for ribosomal RNA molecules, which are vital components of the protein synthesis machinery within cells.

These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. Pasteurella anatis Pasteurella ... Pasteurella stomatis, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) Bacterio entry Type strain of Pasteurella stomatis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity ... Pouëdras P, Donnio PY, Le Tulzo Y, Avril JL (January 1993). "Pasteurella stomatis infection following a dog bite". European ...
These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. Pasteurella anatis Pasteurella ... Pasteurella langaa, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) Bacterio entry ZipcodeZoo entry University of Göteborg Culture Collection entry v t e ( ... Pouëdras P, Donnio PY, Le Tulzo Y, Avril JL (January 1993). "Pasteurella stomatis infection following a dog bite". European ...
These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. It has been known to cause serious ... Pasteurella dagmatis is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) VetBact.org entry Bacterio entry Type strain of Pasteurella dagmatis at BacDive - the ... Allison K, Clarridge JE (August 2005). "Long-term respiratory tract infection with canine-associated Pasteurella dagmatis and ...
... penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans ... These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. This species is found in chickens ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) VetBact entry Bacterio entry v t e (Articles with short description, Short description ...
P. canis often causes soft-tissue infections and wound infections, as well as systemic bacteremia in humans. These infections ... Hansen, M.J.; Bertelsen, M.F.; Christensen, H.; Bisgaard, M.; Bojesen, A.M. (2012). "Occurrence of Pasteurellaceae bacteria in ... Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans, which manifest themselves as skin or soft-tissue infections ... P. canis is responsible for a number of canine infections, including systemic infection, external otitis, bacterial rhinitis, ...
... is a Gram-negative species of bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae. Strains of this species were ... The species may be associated with respiratory infections in individuals with lung disease. Norskov-Lauritsen, N. (1 January ... "Haemophilus pittmaniae respiratory infection in a patient with siderosis: a case report". Journal of Medical Case Reports. 6 (1 ...
... is a Gram-negative and non-motile, genus of bacteria from the family of Pasteurellaceae with one known species ( ... Bibersteinia trehalosi is a pathogen of sheep and can cause systemic infections in sheep. "Bibersteinia". LPSN. "Bibersteinia ...
In 1995, Its infections cost the U.S. economy about $30 million. Such losses usually result from medication and veterinary ... Members of the family Pasteurellaceae routinely change the cellular processes of the infected cell. In particular, A. ... Overcrowding in pigpens, co-infections of other respiratory pathogens, and unusual stress all contribute to the spread of the ... Several bacterial combinations are seen in vivo, the most common simultaneous infection being Pasteurella multocida. Treatment ...
In V. cholerae infection, the CPD binds to inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6, Phytic acid) inside eukaryotic host cells. This ... Members of the family Pasteurellaceae also produce RTX toxins. The genus Vibrio, which includes V. cholerae and V. vulnificus, ... EHEC-Hly is expressed in numerous EHEC serogroups known to cause severe infections in humans. EHEC-Hly is transported within ... Frey J (November 2011). "The role of RTX toxins in host specificity of animal pathogenic Pasteurellaceae". Veterinary ...
In humans, P. multocida is the most common cause of wound infections after dog or cat bites. The infection usually shows as ... 2008). Pasteurellaceae: Biology, Genomics and Molecular Aspects. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-34-9. Pasteur, Louis ... It can also cause a zoonotic infection in humans, which typically is a result of bites or scratches from domestic pets. Many ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) Genome Projects from Genomes OnLine Database Type strain of Pasteurella multocida at ...
Hemorrhagic septicemia Pasteurellaceae Kuhnert P; Christensen H, eds. (2008). Pasteurellaceae: Biology, Genomics and Molecular ... As the infection is usually transmitted into humans through animal bites, antibiotics usually treat the infection, but medical ... Pasteurellosis is an infection with a species of the bacterial genus Pasteurella, which is found in humans and other animals. ... The several forms of the infection are: Skin/subcutaneous tissue disease is a septic phlegmon that develops classically in the ...
Pasteurellaceae and Neisseriaceae species tend to select for genes from close relatives. All cellular components that are ... pneumoniae's ability to uptake antibiotic-resistant plasmids can cause dangerous infections. S. pneumoniae excretes small ...
Affected piglets can develop septicaemia, multifocal infections, and respiratory signs, and may die. Adult pigs may show signs ... Actinobacillus suis is a beta-haemolytic, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae. The bacterium has many strains ... and Streptococcus suis or Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection. Antibiotics such as ceftiofur, gentamicin, and ...
... eye infections and bloodstream infection, meningitis. It can also cause cellulitis (skin infection) and infectious arthritis ( ... 2008). Pasteurellaceae: Biology, Genomics and Molecular Aspects. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-34-9. Morens DM, ... Chronic infections are usually not as serious than acute infections. There are a few other possible diseases and conditions ... Vaccination with Hib conjugate vaccine is effective in preventing Hib infection but does not prevent infection with NTHi ...
... pasteurellaceae infections MeSH C01.252.400.700.030 - actinobacillus infections MeSH C01.252.400.700.030.178 - actinobacillosis ... bacteroides infections MeSH C01.252.400.126 - bartonellaceae infections MeSH C01.252.400.126.100 - bartonella infections MeSH ... moraxellaceae infections MeSH C01.252.400.560.022 - acinetobacter infections MeSH C01.252.400.610 - mycoplasmatales infections ... salmonella infections, animal MeSH C01.252.400.310.821.873 - typhoid fever MeSH C01.252.400.310.850 - serratia infections MeSH ...
Reid G, Burton J (March 2002). "Use of Lactobacillus to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria". Microbes and Infection. 4 (3 ... Audrey de Koning argues that lateral transfer of the N-acetylneuraminate lyase gene from Pasteurellaceae to T. vaginalis may ... These include (chronic) upper genital tract infections, urinary tract infections and cervical dysplasias. The prophylactic use ... upper genital tract infection (5) urinary tract infection (6) infertility (7) genital lesions and tumors (8) trichomoniasis ...
... is a Gram-negative and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Pasteurellaceae. "Necropsobacter". LPSN. ... nov". New Microbes and New Infections. 8: 41-50. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2015.09.007. PMC 4625094. PMID 26587237. "Necropsobacter". ...
"First description of an Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens prosthetic joint infection". New Microbes and New Infections. 18 ... Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Klinger, 1912) Nørskov-Lauritsen and Kilian, 2006 - family Pasteurellaceae. A Gram- ... It can be potentially lethal to humans, but infections are rare. † Archaeoacanthocircus angustiannulatus Kozur, Moix & Ozsvárt ... in some cases it can cause clinically significant infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Its name means "club- ...
Infection may progress to nearby joints, where it can cause further swelling, arthritis, and abscesses. Pasteurella spp. are ... 2008). Pasteurellaceae: Biology, Genomics and Molecular Aspects. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-34-9. Health ... "Pasteurella multocida Infection in Rabbits".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) "Human Rabies ... "Pets and Pasteurella Infections". healthy children.org. June 27, 2012. Retrieved July 18, 2012. "UpToDate". www.uptodate.com. ...
Infections in swine are more common in European countries compared to the North American Countries. Infections in the United ... Actinobacillus equuli is a gram-negative, non-motile rod bacteria from the family Pasteurellaceae. A. equuli is classified as a ... However, infections may have occurred but were unreported. An infection with A. equuli in swine commonly yields septicemia, ... It was once thought pigs acquired the infection directly from horses, but there has been reports of swine developing infections ...
as new members of the Pasteurellaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (Pt 3): 813-8. ... Volucribacter psittacicida can cause infections of the respiratory tract, sepsis, diarrhea and inflammation in Psittaciformes ...
Another complicating factor is the self-bias of the DNA uptake systems of species in the family Pasteurellaceae and the genus ... Such stress conditions might be incurred during bacterial infection of a susceptible host. Consistent with this idea, Li et al ... in Pasteurellaceae, that are very frequent in their own genomes. Neisserial genomes contain thousands of copies of the ... but bacteria in the families Neisseriaceae and Pasteurellaceae preferentially take up DNA fragments containing short DNA ...
The goal is to reduce the onset of BRD or other clinical presentations of H. somni infections. Like other bacterial infections ... Histophilus somni is a member of the Pasteurellaceae family and was first isolated from cattle in 1956. Histophilus somni is a ... Viral infections are another predisposing factor for all cattle. With predisposing factors in mind, there are still many ... In order to treat this infection, one must know which organ system it is effecting and some systems, such as the neurological ...
... wherein a Pasteurellaceae strain carried by syntopic cattle (Bos taurus) under severe winter conditions appeared to contribute ... with infections in some cases perhaps exacerbated by other respiratory pathogens and severe weather conditions. Our and others ... A bighorn sheep die-off in southern Colorado involving a Pasteurellaceae strain that may have originated from syntopic cattle ... A bighorn sheep die-off in southern Colorado involving a Pasteurellaceae strain that may have originated from syntopic cattle ...
Categories: Pasteurellaceae Infections Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Prevalence of a novel capsule-associated lipoprotein among pasteurellaceae pathogenic in animals. Curr Microbiol. 2002 Apr. 44( ... Treats infections caused by susceptible gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, in addition to infections caused by ... For pseudomonal infections and infections due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms. ... encoded search term (Pasteurella Multocida Infection) and Pasteurella Multocida Infection What to Read Next on Medscape ...
Prevalence of a novel capsule-associated lipoprotein among pasteurellaceae pathogenic in animals. Curr Microbiol. 2002 Apr. 44( ... Treats infections caused by susceptible gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, in addition to infections caused by ... For pseudomonal infections and infections due to multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms. ... encoded search term (Pasteurella Multocida Infection) and Pasteurella Multocida Infection What to Read Next on Medscape ...
These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. Pasteurella anatis Pasteurella ... Pasteurella stomatis, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. Bacteria ... Animal bite infections (healthAtoZ.com) Bacterio entry Type strain of Pasteurella stomatis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity ... Pouëdras P, Donnio PY, Le Tulzo Y, Avril JL (January 1993). "Pasteurella stomatis infection following a dog bite". European ...
Infections à Pasteurellaceae Entry term(s):. Infection, Pasteurellaceae. Infections, Pasteurellaceae. Pasteurellaceae Infection ... Pasteurellaceae Infections - Preferred Concept UI. M0025674. Scope note. Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE ...
Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.. Terms. Pasteurellaceae Infections Preferred Term Term UI T050509. Date ... Neisseriaceae Infections [C01.150.252.400.625] * Pasteurellaceae Infections [C01.150.252.400.700] * Actinobacillus Infections [ ... Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.. Entry Version. PASTEURELLACEAE INFECT. Entry Term(s). Infections, ... Infections [C01] * Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [C01.150] * Bacterial Infections [C01.150.252] * Gram-Negative Bacterial ...
Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.. Terms. Pasteurellaceae Infections Preferred Term Term UI T050509. Date ... Neisseriaceae Infections [C01.150.252.400.625] * Pasteurellaceae Infections [C01.150.252.400.700] * Actinobacillus Infections [ ... Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.. Entry Version. PASTEURELLACEAE INFECT. Entry Term(s). Infections, ... Infections [C01] * Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [C01.150] * Bacterial Infections [C01.150.252] * Gram-Negative Bacterial ...
Journal Article] Experimental infection study of Pasteurella pneumotropica and V-factor dependent Pasteurellaceae for F344-rnu ... Journal Article] Experimental infection study of Pasteurella pneumotropica and V-factor dependent Pasteurellaceae for F344-rnu ... Journal Article] Experimental infection study of Pasteurella pneumotropica and V-factor dependent Pasteurellaceae for F344-rnu ... Journal Article] Ezperimental infection studies of Pasteurella pneumotoropica and V-factor dependent Pasteurellaceae for F344- ...
... and members of the Pasteurellaceae family. Scale bar represents nucleotide substitutions per site. ... in Koala Bite Wound Infections, Queensland, Australia Holly Angela Sinclair. , Paul Chapman, Lida Omaleki, Haakon Bergh, Conny ... phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of 4 clinical isolates obtained from koala bite wound infections in 3 persons ... in Koala Bite Wound Infections, Queensland, Australia. ...
KEYWORDS: koala, Lonepinella, Pasteurellaceae, treatment failure, wound infection, wildlife, zoonosis. Read Abstract + ... ISOLATED FROM WOUND INFECTIONS OF KOALAS Lida Omaleki, David Blyde, Jon Hanger, Jo Loader, Philippa McKay, Edina Lobo, Louise M ... Wound infections in koalas linked to Lonepinella have not been reported previously. Wildlife veterinarians need to be aware of ... This is the first report of D. immitis infection in Galapagos sea lions, which could become a major health problem for these ...
... were determined to have occurred as a result of a chancroid infection, and not syphilis, as first thought. Chancroid is caused ...
AN - infection: coordinate IM with PASTEURELLACEAE INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2014 MH - Air Travel UI - D064870 MN - I3.883.209 MS - ... AN - infection: coordinate IM with PASTEURELLACEAE INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2014 MH - Aggregatibacter segnis UI - D064208 MN - ... AN - infection: coordinate IM with ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS (IM) HN - 2014 BX - Onyongnyong Virus MH - Observational Study UI - ... AN - infection: coordinate IM with ARENAVIRIDAE INFECTIONS (IM) + HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (IM) if pertinent HN - 2014 MH - ...
Even if an intra-abdominal abscess is the main symptom, the possibility that it is part of a systemic infection should be ... Abscesso Abdominal , Pasteurellaceae , Abscesso Abdominal/diagnóstico , Animais , Humanos , Mamíferos/genética , ... Fungal infections are generally observed in immunosuppressed patients only, with a diagnostic challenge due to non-specific ... It has been detected in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts of mammals; however, reports of infection in humans are ...
Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Pasteurellaceae. When available, Pasteurellaceae isolated from the study animals were ... Besser TE, Cassirer EF, Potter KA, VanderSchalie J, Fischer A, Knowles DP, Association of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection ... Pasteurellaceae biotypes corresponding to B. trehalosi were isolated from animals involved in 3 of the 4 outbreaks, and ... Impaired clearance of inhaled flora is expected subsequent to infection by virulent M. ovipneumoniae (38) or by leukotoxin- ...
Bacterial pathogens cause severe infections worldwide in livestock and in humans, and antibiotic resistance further increases ... they can cause primary or secondary infections, often leading to severe diseases. Experimental infection of wild-type mice with ... R. pneumotropicus is one of the most prevalent infectious agents in laboratory rodents and a member of the Pasteurellaceae, ... before intranasal infection with 6 × 106 CFU/25 µL (infection dose). ...
Bacterial Infections [C01.252]. *Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections [C01.252.400]. *Pasteurellaceae Infections [C01.252.400.700 ...
Infection begins in the tonsils and upper respiratory tract and later the internal organs and blood vessels.The bacteria ... Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative, coccobacillus belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family. It can also cause a zoonotic ... When stressed (by high temperature, humidity, subsequent infections, and nutritional deficiency) these bacteria are shed ... infection in humans, which typically is a result of bites or scratches from domestic pets. Many mammals (including domestic ...
Frey J., RTX toxin-determined virulence in Pasteurellaceae, in: Kuhnert P., Christensen H. (Eds.), Pasteurellaceae - biology, ... Haesebrouck F., Chiers K., Van Overbeke I., Ducatelle R., Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infections in pigs: the role of ... However, biofilms have only been investigated in a few species of the Pasteurellaceae family [16]. In A. pleuropneumoniae, the ... Inzana T.J., Swords W.E., Sandal I., Siddaramappa S., Lipopolysaccharides, biofilms and quorum sensing in Pasteurellaceae, in: ...
"A condition in which subjects are maintained in housing groups in which at least one subject had a Pasteurellaceae infection ... www.uptodate.com/contents/pasteurella-infections, PMID:16197708] is_a: XCO:0000747 ! housing with Pasteurellaceae-infected ... Pasteurellaceae is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are ... once the infection becomes chronic, has the ability to cycle through recurring outbreak periods followed by periods of latency ...
PASTEURELLACEAE CONF.) - (Abstract Only) BRIGGS, R.E., TATUM, F.M. CONSTRUCTION OF IN-FRAME, NON-POLAR, LKTA MUTANTS OF ... BOVINE ADENOVIRUS SEROTYPE 7 INFECTIONS IN POSTWEANING CALVES - (Peer Reviewed Journal) FENT, G.M., FULTON, R.W., SLAIKI, J.T ... DYNAMICS OF VIRUS INFECTIONS IN A SEVERE SHIPPING FEVER EPIZOOTIC OF MARKET-STRESSED CATTLE - (Abstract Only) ... CORONAVIRUS AND PASTEURELLA INFECTIONS IN BOVINE SHIPPING FEVER PNEUMONIA AND EVANS CRITERIA FOR CAUSATION - (Peer Reviewed ...
Moraxellaceae Infections. *Mycoplasmatales Infections. *Neisseriaceae Infections. *Pasteurellaceae Infections. * ... "Desulfovibrionaceae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH ( ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Desulfovibrionaceae Infections" by people in UAMS Profiles by ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Desulfovibrionaceae Infections" by people in Profiles over the past ten ...
Although the extent of growth and the ability to cause infection were even greater with a functional transferrin receptor, ... However, lactoferrin receptors are not present in members of the Pasteurellaceae family, which occupy the same physiological ... It is predominantly found in glandular secretions, on mucosal surfaces, and at sites of infection. Lactoferrin is synthesized ... Analogous to the bacterial transferrin receptors found in the Neisseriaceae and Pasteurellaceae families, the lactoferrin ...
infection = ACTINOBACILLUS INFECTIONS or ACTINOBACILLOSIS: see notes there. Scope Note. A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as ... Pasteurellaceae [B03.660.250.550] * Actinobacillus [B03.660.250.550.050] * Actinobacillus equuli [B03.660.250.550.050.200] ... A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as gram-negative, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Most members are ...
Transmission: The main reservoirs of infection for A. paragallinarum are chronic or apparently healthy carrier birds. Once ... Although all species of Avibacterium are routinely found in chickens with upper respiratory tract infections, only A. ... Avibacterium is a genus within the family Pasteurellaceae which is a bacterium of birds. Disease conditions associated with ... Avibacterium is a genus within the family Pasteurellaceae which is a bacterium of birds. Disease conditions associated with ...
... non-spore-forming and non-motile bacteria belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family. It is the cause of epizootic pneumonia in ... Mannheimia haemolytica is a Gram-negative, anaerobe, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacteria belonging to the Pasteurellaceae ... Environmental stress immunosuppression or the infection caused by respiratory viruses or Mycoplasma spp, lead to its ...
Therefore, H. influenzae must acquire heme from host sources in order to establish and sustain an infection [6]. Potential ... "Background H. influenzae is a fastidious, Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that belongs to the family Pasteurellaceae and ... agent of both invasive and non-invasive diseases including bacteremia, meningitis, respiratory infections, and otitis media [1 ...
Prevention of infections with this bacterium requires effective vaccines together with improved management practices. Bacterin- ... a member of the Pasteurellaceae family of bacteria. Biotype A, serotype 1 is widely recognised in the literature as the most ... Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a complex infection caused by several factors such as stress, viruses and bacteria. ... A model approach to estimate Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection dynamics for different scenarios when vaccinating for ...
  • More-severe disseminating infections also may develop, including endocarditis or meningitis , the latter mimicking Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitides infections in young children. (medscape.com)
  • Haemophilus influenza infections are caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenza . (wikidoc.org)
  • Haemophilus ducreyi , which causes the sexually transmitted disease chancroid, expresses a number of lipoproteins during human infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Haemophilus influenzae is a bacteria characterized as a small, facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, and capnophilic gram-negative coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. (statpearls.com)
  • This activity reviews the evaluation and management of Haemophilus influenzae infections and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the care of patients with this condition. (statpearls.com)
  • Identify the pathophysiology of Haemophilus influenza infections. (statpearls.com)
  • Describe the typical patient presentation as revealed in their history and examination with Haemophilus influenza infection. (statpearls.com)
  • Summarize the treatment considerationsfor Haemophilus influenza infections. (statpearls.com)
  • Review the interprofessional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication to enhance the care of patients with Haemophilus influenzae infection. (statpearls.com)
  • Haemophilus influenzae disease is a name collectively used for any kind of infection caused by the bacteria called Haemophilus influenzae . (statpearls.com)
  • Haemophilus influenzae is characterized as a small (0.3 micrometer to 1 micrometer), facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, and capnophilic gram-negative coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae . (statpearls.com)
  • are non-motile, facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative coccobacilli that belongs to the family Pasteurellaceae which also includes Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Mannheimia and Aggregatibacter , among others. (clinmedjournals.org)
  • Haemophilus influenzae (formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or Bacillus influenzae ) is a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic capnophilic pathogenic bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Glässer disease is caused by infection with Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Lâm TT, Frosch M, Claus H, Vogel U. Sequence analysis of the serotype-specific synthesis regions II of Haemophilus influenzae serotypes c and d: evidence for common ancestry of capsule synthesis in Pasteurellaceae and Neisseria meningitidis . (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Pasteurella multocida, a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, is a widespread Gram-negative veterinary pathogen with the potential to cause zoonotic infection in humans. (huveta.hu)
  • The main pathogen of the ORC is Mannheimia haemolytica , a member of the Pasteurellaceae family of bacteria. (hipra.com)
  • Pasteurella stomatis, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, penicillin-sensitive coccobacillus of the family Pasteurellaceae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) is a facultative anaerobic, gram-negative, small, pleomorphic, nonflagellated coccobacillus with bipolar staining that belongs to the Pasteurellaceae family. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] With the abundance of cats and dogs in US households and the commensal nature of the bacteria, the risk of acquiring Pasteurella infections is increasing, particularly in patients who have predisposing factors such as prosthetic joints, malignant neoplasms, and immunosuppression. (medscape.com)
  • Bibersteinia trehalosi (formerly known as Pasteurella trehalosi ) is a Gram-negative and non-motile bacterium belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family. (geneticpcr.com)
  • Bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae (Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Bibersteinia trehalosi), and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae are the most frequently isolated respiratory pathogens from wild sheep with pneumonia. (journalofmountainhunting.com)
  • Pasteurella multocida , a gram-negative coccobacillus, part of the normal oral flora of many domestic and wild mammals, has been described a widespread veterinary pathogen and has the potential to cause zoonotic infections in humans resulting from injuries caused by household or wild pets. (clinmedjournals.org)
  • The transcriptional profile of the porcine lung pathogen, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, was monitored during the acute phase of infection in its natural host. (nih.gov)
  • H.influenzae is a gram-negative , cocco-bacillary , facultatively anaerobic pathogenic bacterium that can cause infections in people of all ages ranging from mild, such as an ear infection, to severe, such as a bloodstream infection. (wikidoc.org)
  • M. haemolytica is an opportunistic bacterium that gains access to the lungs when the defences of the animal are compromised due to stress factors or viral infections. (hipra.com)
  • Prevention of infections with this bacterium requires effective vaccines together with improved management practices. (hipra.com)
  • The causal agent of Glässer disease, G parasuis , is a small, gram-negative pleomorphic bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae that requires V factor (NAD) supplementation but not X factor (hemin) for growth. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic capnophilic pathogenic bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae. (labtestsguide.com)
  • All of the serotypes, particularly type b, are common etiological agents in lower respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia. (statpearls.com)
  • The most important diseases affecting wild sheep populations are respiratory infections that result in pneumonia. (journalofmountainhunting.com)
  • A larger bacterial load or the presence of a concomitant viral infection can potentiate the infection. (wikidoc.org)
  • It is a common cause of a variety of invasive and non-invasive bacterial infections. (statpearls.com)
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections" by people in this website by year, and whether "Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections" by people in Profiles. (rush.edu)
  • Salivary gland infections are somewhat common and viral infections, such as mumps, and bacterial infections may affect the submandibular glands. (clinmedjournals.org)
  • Bacterial expression profiles of A. pleuropneumoniae isolated from lung lesions of 25 infected pigs were compared in samples taken 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours post infection. (nih.gov)
  • Routine phenotypic identification of bacterial species of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from animals. (unibe.ch)
  • In 2016, all in all 570 submissions were analyzed including bacterial isolates from 488 patients with invasive infections. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Bacteria from this family cause zoonotic infections in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of 4 clinical isolates obtained from koala bite wound infections in 3 persons (MS14434-7), Queensland, Australia, 3 Lonepinella koalarum ACM isolates, and members of the Pasteurellaceae family. (cdc.gov)
  • These three genera are grouped together in the family Pasteurellaceae, the members of which are obligate parasites of vertebrates. (anipedia.org)
  • Infections with bacteria of the family ANAPLASMATACEAE. (uchicago.edu)
  • Bacterias owned by the grouped family members Pasteurellaceae have already been recovered from marine mammals using several ways of hereditary, morphological, and evolutionary analyses. (techblessing.com)
  • Clinical microbiology and infection, 13(10), pp. 993-1000. (unibe.ch)
  • Wound infections associated with animal bites usually have a polymicrobial etiology, mandating the empiric use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials targeted at both aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacteria. (medscape.com)
  • Efficacy of ertapenem for consolidation therapy of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative infections: a case series report. (rush.edu)
  • P. multocida is a gram-negative rod part of the commensal oropharyngeal microbiota of many household animals, and, usually, infections by P. multocida in humans is more common in the context of an animal bite leading to a skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI). (clinmedjournals.org)
  • H. influenzae , including Hib, can cause many different kinds of infections . (wikidoc.org)
  • H. influenzae is responsible for a wide range of localized and invasive infections, but influenza is caused by viruses. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Detection of H. influenzae from these materials must be notified according to the German Infection Protection Act (IfSG). (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • A species of TRICHOMONAS that produces a refractory vaginal discharge in females, as well as bladder and urethral infections in males. (lookformedical.com)
  • A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE that consists of several species occurring in animals and humans. (lookformedical.com)
  • Capsulated H influenza can penetrate the normal epithelium and are therefore responsible for invasive infections. (wikidoc.org)
  • Infection of the VULVA and VAGINA with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (lookformedical.com)
  • Overall design: A 84 chip study using total RNA recovered from A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (4226) and serotype 6 (7712640) isolated from infected pig lung tissue during the first 48 of infection. (nih.gov)
  • Anaplasmataceae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
  • Patients with P multocida infection who present without evidence of an animal bite are more likely to have invasive infection such as respiratory or bloodstream infection. (medscape.com)
  • Eustachian tube dysfunction , antecedent viral upper respiratory tract infection ( URT I), foreign bodies, and mucosal irritants, including smoking, can promote infection. (wikidoc.org)
  • Penicillin-resistant strains have been isolated only from respiratory tract infections. (medscape.com)
  • P multocida infection usually presents as an infection that complicates an animal bite or injury. (medscape.com)
  • The duration of therapy for P multocida infections has not been well established and can be tailored to clinical response. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] P. multocida infection in humans is primarily acquired through contact with animals, most often through bites, scratches, licks on skin abrasions, or exposure to mucous secretions from pets. (medscape.com)
  • These wounds can exhibit a rapidly progressive soft-tissue inflammation that may resemble group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus pyogenes infections. (medscape.com)
  • These infections manifest themselves as skin or soft tissue infections after an animal bite. (wikipedia.org)
  • Milder soft-tissue infections usually require 7-10 days of oral therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Skin and soft tissue infections following a cat or dog bite are the more common manifestations of human infection. (clinmedjournals.org)
  • Desktop computer programme for registration, classification and identification of strains of Pasteurellaceae . (bisgaard.eu)
  • It is a relevant pathogen of sheeps, causing systemic infections. (geneticpcr.com)
  • Additionally, we report the first case, to our knowledge, of a submandibular gland infection and sepsis in an elderly patient caused by this pathogen. (clinmedjournals.org)
  • These infections can range from mild ear infections to severe diseases, like bloodstream infections. (wikidoc.org)
  • In this study we examined potential associations of HPV infection with the cervical microbiota. (bugsigdb.org)
  • The capsule of H influenza plays a key role in the pathogenesis of the all the capsulated H influenza infections. (wikidoc.org)
  • However, endocarditis is a rare presentation of hvKP infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Severe or partially responding infections may necessitate hospitalization and parenteral antimicrobial administration, along with surgical intervention. (medscape.com)
  • In the first group of animals, IS 711 real-time PCR detected infection in 11.1% (16/144) of wild boars that were serologically negative. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regarding the second group of animals, the IS 711 real-time PCR detected infection in 26% of animals, while Brucella spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OBJECTIVES:To identify factors associated with the development of fracture-related infection (FRI) in patients who have undergone operative fixation of their fracture. (nyu.edu)
  • More-severe infections may require parenteral antibiotics. (medscape.com)