Peganum
Zygophyllaceae
Harmine
Antinociceptive effects of Peganum harmala L. alkaloid extract on mouse formalin test. (1/7)
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of Peganum harmala (Syrian rue) a wild-growing flowering plant belonging to the family Zygophylaceae and found abundantly in Iran on formalin-induced pain response in mice. METHODS: Total alkaloid extract was prepared from dry seeds of Peganum harmala. All doses of extract were dissolved in normal saline and administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before formalin injection to the mouse paw. Nociception was recorded 0-5 (early phase, A) and 15-40 (late phase, B) minutes after formalin injection. The alkaloid extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography using a linear gradient with a CHCl3-MeOH system and different fractions collected. The effective fraction in formalin test were further purified and isolated by preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) and identified on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. RESULTS: Alkaloid extract in doses (mg/kg) used induced significant reduction in pain response when compared to control as follow: 16 (28.63%), 20 (59.15%), 24 (80.75%), 28 (90.14%) and 30 (100%) in the early phase and 20 (24.67%), 24 (59.93%), 28 (78.52%) and 30 (100%) in late phase. Observed responses in both phases of A and B were dose-dependent with r2 of 0.93 and 0.99 respectively. ED50 for phases of A and B were 27.87 and 24.63 mg/kg respectively (p<0.001 for all groups). CONCLUSION: Harmaline, the last step of extraction is the main effective antinociceptive agent of the Peganum harmala alkaloid extract. (+info)Treatment of natural tropical theileriosis with the extract of the plant Peganum harmala. (2/7)
Theileria annulata, a protozoan parasite of cattle and domestic buffaloes, is transmitted by ticks of the genus Hyalomma, and causes a disease named Mediterranean or tropical theileriosis. In this research 50 cattle naturally infected with Theileria annulata were treated with the extract of the plant Peganum harmala. The treatment was continued for 5 days, the dose of the extract being 5 mg/kg per day. After the treatment, 39 cattle responded to the treatment and recovered, but 11 did not respond to the treatment and died. The recovery rate of animals treated with the extract of the plant Peganum harmala was 78%. (+info)Protective effects of estrogens and caloric restriction during aging on various rat testis parameters. (3/7)
(+info)Harmine, a natural beta-carboline alkaloid, upregulates astroglial glutamate transporter expression. (4/7)
(+info)Cytotoxic and insecticidal activities of derivatives of harmine, a natural insecticidal component isolated from Peganum harmala. (5/7)
(+info)Recent advances in the studies on luotonins. (6/7)
(+info)Main alkaloids of Peganum harmala L. and their different effects on dicot and monocot crops. (7/7)
(+info)"Peganum" is the name of a genus of plants, specifically those in the family Nitrariaceae. The most well-known species in this genus is "Peganum harmala," also known as Syrian rue or esfand. This plant has been used in traditional medicine in various cultures for its psychoactive and hallucinogenic properties, as well as for treating ailments such as rheumatism, skin conditions, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, it can also have toxic effects and should be used with caution. It's important to note that the use of Peganum in medical treatment is not widely accepted or studied in modern Western medicine.
Harmane, also known as harmaline, is a naturally occurring psychoactive compound found in several plants, including the seeds of the Syrian rue (Peganum harmala) and the bark of the African pinwheel cactus (Adenium obesum). It is an alkaloid with beta-carboline structure.
In a medical context, harmaline has been studied for its potential effects on the central nervous system. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), which means it can increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain by preventing their breakdown. This property has led to some research into its use as a treatment for depression and other neurological disorders, although it is not currently approved for medical use in this capacity due to potential side effects and toxicity concerns.
It's important to note that harmaline can have dangerous interactions with certain medications and foods, particularly those containing tyramine, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Therefore, its use should only be under the supervision of a qualified medical professional.
Zygophyllaceae is not a medical term, but a taxonomic category in botany. It refers to the family name of a group of flowering plants commonly known as "caltrop family" or "creosote bush family." The plants in this family are primarily found in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.
Some members of Zygophyllaceae have been used in traditional medicine, but it is essential to note that the use of any plant for medicinal purposes should be done under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional, as not all plants are safe or effective for treating medical conditions.
Harmine is defined medically as an alpha-carboline derivative that is present in various plants including the seeds of Peganum harmala and the bark of Banisteriopsis caapi. It functions as an monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) and has been used in traditional medicine for its psychoactive properties. It has also been studied for potential anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.