A condition of abnormally high AMNIOTIC FLUID volume, such as greater than 2,000 ml in the LAST TRIMESTER and usually diagnosed by ultrasonographic criteria (AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX). It is associated with maternal DIABETES MELLITUS; MULTIPLE PREGNANCY; CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS; and congenital abnormalities.
A condition of abnormally low AMNIOTIC FLUID volume. Principal causes include malformations of fetal URINARY TRACT; FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION; GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; nicotine poisoning; and PROLONGED PREGNANCY.
The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.
A clear, yellowish liquid that envelopes the FETUS inside the sac of AMNION. In the first trimester, it is likely a transudate of maternal or fetal plasma. In the second trimester, amniotic fluid derives primarily from fetal lung and kidney. Cells or substances in this fluid can be removed for prenatal diagnostic tests (AMNIOCENTESIS).
Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA; PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p737-8)
The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization.
A malformation of the nervous system caused by failure of the anterior neuropore to close. Infants are born with intact spinal cords, cerebellums, and brainstems, but lack formation of neural structures above this level. The skull is only partially formed but the eyes are usually normal. This condition may be associated with folate deficiency. Affected infants are only capable of primitive (brain stem) reflexes and usually do not survive for more than two weeks. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p247)
A group of disorders caused by defective salt reabsorption in the ascending LOOP OF HENLE. It is characterized by severe salt-wasting, HYPOKALEMIA; HYPERCALCIURIA; metabolic ALKALOSIS, and hyper-reninemic HYPERALDOSTERONISM without HYPERTENSION. There are several subtypes including ones due to mutations in the renal specific SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.
Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.
A solid, unencapsulated tumor of the KIDNEY composed of spindle mesenchymal cells that resemble FIBROBLASTS or muscle cells. The homogeneous mass typically extends into the renal parenchyma and replaces most of the kidney. In most cases, mesoblastic nephroma is benign and occurs in the fetus or newborn, and rarely in the older child or the adult.
An abnormality in lung development that is characterized by a multicystic mass resulting from an adenomatous overgrowth of the terminal BRONCHIOLES with a consequent reduction of PULMONARY ALVEOLI. This anomaly is classified into three types by the cyst size.
The middle third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 15th through the 28th completed week (99 to 196 days) of gestation.
Congenital abnormality characterized by the lack of full development of the ESOPHAGUS that commonly occurs with TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA. Symptoms include excessive SALIVATION; GAGGING; CYANOSIS; and DYSPNEA.
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the fetus and amniotic cavity through abdominal or uterine entry.
'Abnormalities, Multiple' is a broad term referring to the presence of two or more structural or functional anomalies in an individual, which may be genetic or environmental in origin, and can affect various systems and organs of the body.
Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.
All the organs involved in reproduction and the formation and release of URINE. It includes the kidneys, ureters, BLADDER; URETHRA, and the organs of reproduction - ovaries, UTERUS; FALLOPIAN TUBES; VAGINA; and CLITORIS in women and the testes; SEMINAL VESICLES; PROSTATE; seminal ducts; and PENIS in men.
The last third of a human PREGNANCY, from the beginning of the 29th through the 42nd completed week (197 to 294 days) of gestation.
A developmental anomaly in which a mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue lacks normal connection with the tracheobroncheal tree and receives an anomalous blood supply originating from the descending thoracic or abdominal aorta. The mass may be extralobar, i.e., completely separated from normally connected lung, or intralobar, i.e., partly surrounded by normal lung.
Pathological processes or abnormal functions of the PLACENTA.
An infant during the first month after birth.
Determination of the nature of a pathological condition or disease in the postimplantation EMBRYO; FETUS; or pregnant female before birth.
Malformations of organs or body parts during development in utero.

Intrauterine sling: a complication of the stuck twin syndrome. (1/103)

Stuck twin syndrome usually presents with polyhydramnios in the recipient sac and severe oligohydramnios in the donor sac. The donor is displaced against the uterine wall and remains adherent in that position. We present a case in which the diagnosis was more complicated, owing to the suspension of the stuck twin by a sling within the sac of the recipient. A monochorionic diamnionic twin gestation was complicated by twin-twin transfusion syndrome at 18 weeks of gestation. In our example, the stuck twin was suspended by a sling from the placenta. The sling band represented the intertwin membrane that was folded upon itself. Amniotic fluid from the recipient twin was present in three dimensions around the stuck twin, except for the sling band. The suspension of the stuck twin by a sling within the amniotic fluid of the recipient is an unusual manifestation of the stuck twin syndrome.  (+info)

Color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis and management of chorioangiomas. (2/103)

Color Doppler imaging was used to investigate nine consecutive cases of placental tumors referred for evaluation to a tertiary referral unit. Gray-scale ultrasound findings were of a chorioangioma which was subsequently confirmed on pathologic examination. On color Doppler imaging (CDI), three tumors appeared avascular and the pregnancies were uncomplicated, two had only a few vessels in their periphery, and four contained numerous vessels. These vascular chorioangiomas were complicated by polyhydramnios and premature labor (n = 3), isolated polyhydramnios (n = 1), fetal growth restriction (n = 1) and generalized non-immune fetal hydrops (NIHF) (n = 1). The maximum diameter of the tumors ranged between 3 and 10 cm. There was no direct association between the size and location of the tumor and the development of complications. Successful amnioreduction was performed in the three cases of polyhydramnios and premature onset of labor. Vascular sclerosis was attempted unsuccessfully in the case complicated by severe NIHF. Our data indicate that the vascularization of the tumor is a pivotal determinant factor of pregnancy outcome. Where the tumor is avascular, no specific complications should be expected. Where the tumor is vascularized, and in particular if it contains numerous large vessels, serial ultrasound and Doppler examinations are warranted to detect polyhydramnios and early features of fetal congestive heart failure.  (+info)

Congenital myotonic dystrophy in Britain. I. Clinical aspects. (3/103)

A clinical and genetic study of congenital myotonic dystrophy in Britain has been carried out in 70 patients from 54 sibships. The clinical aspects are analysed here, and the existence of a syndrome clinically distinct from myotonic dystrophy of later onset is confirmed. Characteristic features included neonatal hypotonia, motor and mental retardation, and facial diplegia. A high incidence of talipes occurs at birth together with hydramnios and reduced fetal movements during pregnancy, factors suggesting prenatal onset of the disorder in many cases. Prolonged survival is the rule after infancy, but the occurrence of numerous neonatal deaths in the sibships suggests the existence of unrecognized cases dying in the neonatal period.  (+info)

Prenatal diagnosis of congenital Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) presenting as fetal hydrops. (4/103)

We describe a case of congenital nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor) presenting at 28 weeks of gestation with fetal hydrops and polyhydramnios. Prenatal diagnosis was made by biopsy. An emergency Cesarean section was performed due to deterioration in the cardiotocograph. A post-mortem examination confirmed the diagnosis of congenital nephroblastoma.  (+info)

Severe polyhydramnios in twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence: successful management with intrafetal alcohol ablation of acardiac twin and amniodrainage. (5/103)

We present two cases of twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence complicated by severe polyhydramnios during the second trimester. Both cases were successfully managed at 27 and 26 weeks with ultrasound-guided intrafetal alcohol ablation of the acardiac twin and amniodrainage. The pump twins were delivered at 35 and 37 weeks, respectively, and both had uneventful postnatal courses. These cases suggest that, in the setting of severe polyhydramnios, prenatal intervention in TRAP sequence could certainly improve the otherwise poor prognosis of the pump twin. Targeting the main intra-abdominal vessel of the acardiac twin rather than its umbilical cord seems to be a good alternative in the prenatal treatment of these cases. The option of percutaneous intrafetal alcohol injection is widely available and less invasive, simpler and easier to perform than recently advocated endoscopic techniques.  (+info)

Indomethacin therapy in hydramnios. (6/103)

AIM: The use of indomethacin in treatment of hydramnios was evaluated. SUBJECTS & METHODS: Twelve patients with symptomatic hydramnios were treated with indomethacin (2.2- 3.0 mg/kg body weight/day). RESULTS: The treatment was started at a gestational age of 31.17-/+7.94 weeks and continued for 3.74-/+2.3 weeks. Eleven patients responded to the therapy both subjectively and objectively and pregnancies were prolonged by 4.6-/+3.1 weeks (range 0.1-10 weeks). Five women had term deliveries. Six patients had a favourable perinatal outcome. Four patients who had a known congenital anomaly in the foetus, delivered stillborn babies or had an early neonatal death. One patient who did not follow up after commencing therapy delivered a full-term stillbirth. One patient delivered within 1 day of starting therapy. Indomethacin therapy caused no maternal complications. CONCLUSION: Indomethacin was effective in the management of hydramnios and preventing it's complications.  (+info)

Prenatal diagnosis of 13q- syndrome in a fetus with holoprosencephaly and thumb agenesis. (7/103)

Partial deletion of the long arm of one of the chromosomes 13 is an exceedingly rare condition. We report such a case in a 32-week fetus presenting with polyhydramnios, growth restriction and multiple structural defects including alobar holoprosencephaly, facial abnormalities, clubfoot, clinodactyly and thumb agenesis. Fetal blood sampling revealed a 46,XY, del(13)(q22 --> qter) abnormal male karyotype. Postmortem examination confirmed the prenatal findings and showed other manifestations of the syndrome. To our knowledge, this case represents the first in which the prenatal ultrasound detection of holoprosencephaly in association with distal limb abnormalities led to the prenatal diagnosis of the 13q- syndrome.  (+info)

Comparison of Pkd1-targeted mutants reveals that loss of polycystin-1 causes cystogenesis and bone defects. (8/103)

A high level of polycystin-1 expression is detected in kidneys of all patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Mice that overexpress polycystin-1 also develop renal cysts. Whether overexpression of polycystin-1 is necessary for cyst formation is still unclear. Here, we report the generation of a targeted mouse mutant with a null mutation in Pkd1 and its phenotypic characterization in comparison with the del34 mutants that carry a 'truncation mutation' in Pkd1. We show that null homozygotes develop the same, but more aggressive, renal and pancreatic cystic disease as del34/del34. Moreover, we report that both homozygous mutants develop polyhydramnios, hydrops fetalis, spina bifida occulta and osteochondrodysplasia. Heterozygotes also develop adult-onset pancreatic disease. We show further that del34 homozygotes continue to produce mutant polycystin-1, thereby providing a possible explanation for increased immunoreactive polycystin-1 in ADPKD cyst epithelia in the context of the two-hit model. Our data demonstrate for the first time that loss of polycystin-1 leads to cyst formation and defective skeletogenesis, and indicate that polycystin-1 is critical in both epithelium and chondrocyte development.  (+info)

Polyhydramnios is a medical condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid in the sac surrounding the fetus during pregnancy, typically defined as an amniotic fluid index (AFI) greater than 24 cm or a single deepest pocket (SDP) measurement of more than 8 cm. It occurs in approximately 1-2% of pregnancies and can be associated with various maternal, fetal, and genetic conditions. If left untreated, polyhydramnios may increase the risk of premature labor, premature rupture of membranes, and other pregnancy complications. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to ensure a healthy pregnancy outcome.

Oligohydramnios is a medical condition that refers to an abnormally low amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus in the uterus during pregnancy. The amniotic fluid is essential for the protection and development of the fetus, including lung maturation and joint mobility. Oligohydramnios is often diagnosed through ultrasound measurements of the pocket depth of the amniotic fluid and is defined as an amniotic fluid index (AFI) of less than 5 cm or a single deepest pocket (SDP) of less than 2 cm after 24 weeks of gestation.

The condition can be caused by various factors, such as fetal growth restriction, maternal high blood pressure, placental insufficiency, rupture of membranes, and genetic disorders. Oligohydramnios may increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, including preterm labor, fetal distress, and stillbirth. The management of oligohydramnios depends on the underlying cause and gestational age, and may include close monitoring, delivery, or treatment of the underlying condition.

Prenatal ultrasonography, also known as obstetric ultrasound, is a medical diagnostic procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the developing fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid inside the uterus. It is a non-invasive and painless test that is widely used during pregnancy to monitor the growth and development of the fetus, detect any potential abnormalities or complications, and determine the due date.

During the procedure, a transducer (a small handheld device) is placed on the mother's abdomen and moved around to capture images from different angles. The sound waves travel through the mother's body and bounce back off the fetus, producing echoes that are then converted into electrical signals and displayed as images on a screen.

Prenatal ultrasonography can be performed at various stages of pregnancy, including early pregnancy to confirm the pregnancy and detect the number of fetuses, mid-pregnancy to assess the growth and development of the fetus, and late pregnancy to evaluate the position of the fetus and determine if it is head down or breech. It can also be used to guide invasive procedures such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling.

Overall, prenatal ultrasonography is a valuable tool in modern obstetrics that helps ensure the health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus.

Amniotic fluid is a clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds and protects the developing baby in the uterus. It is enclosed within the amniotic sac, which is a thin-walled sac that forms around the embryo during early pregnancy. The fluid is composed of fetal urine, lung secretions, and fluids that cross over from the mother's bloodstream through the placenta.

Amniotic fluid plays several important roles in pregnancy:

1. It provides a shock-absorbing cushion for the developing baby, protecting it from injury caused by movement or external forces.
2. It helps to maintain a constant temperature around the fetus, keeping it warm and comfortable.
3. It allows the developing baby to move freely within the uterus, promoting normal growth and development of the muscles and bones.
4. It provides a source of nutrients and hydration for the fetus, helping to support its growth and development.
5. It helps to prevent infection by providing a barrier between the fetus and the outside world.

Throughout pregnancy, the volume of amniotic fluid increases as the fetus grows. The amount of fluid typically peaks around 34-36 weeks of gestation, after which it begins to gradually decrease. Abnormalities in the volume of amniotic fluid can indicate problems with the developing baby or the pregnancy itself, and may require medical intervention.

Hydrops Fetalis is a serious condition characterized by the accumulation of excessive fluid in two or more fetal compartments, including the abdomen (ascites), around the heart (pericardial effusion), and/or within the lungs (pleural effusion). This accumulation can also affect the skin, causing it to become edematous. Hydrops Fetalis is often associated with various underlying causes, such as chromosomal abnormalities, congenital infections, genetic disorders, and structural defects that impair the fetus's ability to maintain fluid balance. In some cases, the cause may remain unknown. The prognosis for Hydrops Fetalis is generally poor, with a high mortality rate, although early detection and appropriate management can improve outcomes in certain situations.

Pregnancy is a physiological state or condition where a fertilized egg (zygote) successfully implants and grows in the uterus of a woman, leading to the development of an embryo and finally a fetus. This process typically spans approximately 40 weeks, divided into three trimesters, and culminates in childbirth. Throughout this period, numerous hormonal and physical changes occur to support the growing offspring, including uterine enlargement, breast development, and various maternal adaptations to ensure the fetus's optimal growth and well-being.

Fetofetal transfusion is a medical condition that can occur in pregnancies with multiple fetuses, such as twins or higher-order multiples. It refers to the transfer of blood from one fetus (donor) to another (recipient) through anastomotic connections in their shared placenta.

In some cases, these anastomoses can result in an imbalance in blood flow between the fetuses, leading to a net transfer of blood from one fetus to the other. This situation is more likely to occur when there is a significant weight or size difference between the fetuses, known as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).

In TTTS, the recipient fetus receives an excess of blood, which can lead to high-output cardiac failure, hydrops, and potential intrauterine demise. Meanwhile, the donor fetus may become anemic, growth-restricted, and at risk for hypovolemia and intrauterine demise as well. Fetofetal transfusion can be diagnosed through ultrasound evaluation and managed with various interventions, including laser ablation of anastomotic vessels or fetoscopic surgery, depending on the severity and gestational age at diagnosis.

Gestational age is the length of time that has passed since the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) in pregnant women. It is the standard unit used to estimate the age of a pregnancy and is typically expressed in weeks. This measure is used because the exact date of conception is often not known, but the start of the last menstrual period is usually easier to recall.

It's important to note that since ovulation typically occurs around two weeks after the start of the LMP, gestational age is approximately two weeks longer than fetal age, which is the actual time elapsed since conception. Medical professionals use both gestational and fetal age to track the development and growth of the fetus during pregnancy.

Anencephaly is a serious birth defect that affects the neural tube, which is the structure that develops into the brain and spinal cord. In anencephaly, the neural tube fails to close properly during fetal development, resulting in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp.

Anencephaly is typically diagnosed through prenatal ultrasound or other imaging tests. Unfortunately, it is a fatal condition, and most babies with anencephaly do not survive birth or live for more than a few hours or days after birth.

The exact cause of anencephaly is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to genetic factors as well as environmental influences such as folic acid deficiency and exposure to certain medications or chemicals during pregnancy. Pregnant women are often advised to take folic acid supplements to reduce the risk of neural tube defects, including anencephaly.

Bartter syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys' ability to reabsorb sodium and chloride, leading to an imbalance of electrolytes in the body. This condition is characterized by hypokalemia (low potassium levels), metabolic alkalosis (high pH levels in the blood), and normal or low blood pressure. It can also result in increased urine production, excessive thirst, and growth retardation in children. There are two major types of Bartter syndrome, based on the genes affected: type I caused by mutations in the SLC12A1 gene, and type II caused by mutations in the KCNJ1 gene. Type III is caused by mutations in the CLCNKB gene, while type IV is caused by mutations in the BSND or CLCNKB genes. Treatment typically involves supplementation of electrolytes, such as potassium and magnesium, as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to help reduce sodium loss in the urine.

Pregnancy outcome refers to the final result or status of a pregnancy, including both the health of the mother and the newborn baby. It can be categorized into various types such as:

1. Live birth: The delivery of one or more babies who show signs of life after separation from their mother.
2. Stillbirth: The delivery of a baby who has died in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
3. Miscarriage: The spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week.
4. Abortion: The intentional termination of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the uterus.
5. Ectopic pregnancy: A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube, which is not viable and requires medical attention.
6. Preterm birth: The delivery of a baby before 37 weeks of gestation, which can lead to various health issues for the newborn.
7. Full-term birth: The delivery of a baby between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation.
8. Post-term pregnancy: The delivery of a baby after 42 weeks of gestation, which may increase the risk of complications for both mother and baby.

The pregnancy outcome is influenced by various factors such as maternal age, health status, lifestyle habits, genetic factors, and access to quality prenatal care.

Mesoblastic Nephroma is a rare type of kidney tumor that typically occurs in infants and young children. It is usually diagnosed within the first year of life, with most cases occurring in the first three months.

The term "mesoblastic" refers to the origin of the tumor cells, which are thought to arise from the mesenchymal tissue, a type of connective tissue that gives rise to various structures during embryonic development.

Mesoblastic Nephroma is classified into two types: classic and cellular. The classic type is composed of fascicles of spindle-shaped cells with interspersed mature adipose tissue, while the cellular type is made up of sheets of closely packed cells that resemble embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

The tumor can be asymptomatic or may present with abdominal distension, palpable mass, hematuria, or hypertension. The diagnosis is usually made by imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, followed by a biopsy to confirm the histological type.

Treatment typically involves surgical resection of the tumor, and the prognosis is generally excellent, with a high cure rate. However, close follow-up is necessary to monitor for any signs of recurrence or metastasis.

Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM) of the lung is a rare developmental anomaly of the lungs that affects the terminal ends of the bronchus. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal masses or nodules filled with mucus or air-filled cysts in the lung tissue. These malformations are typically present at birth but may not cause any symptoms until later in life, if at all.

CCAMs are classified into three types based on their size, location, and the number of cysts present. Type I CCAMs have one or more large cysts (greater than 2 cm in diameter), type II CCAMs have multiple small cysts (less than 1 cm in diameter), and type III CCAMs are solid masses without any visible cysts.

CCAMs can cause a range of symptoms, including respiratory distress, coughing, wheezing, recurrent lung infections, and difficulty gaining weight. In severe cases, they may lead to heart failure or fetal hydrops (a condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the fetus).

The diagnosis of CCAMs is typically made through prenatal ultrasound or imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs after birth. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the affected lung tissue, which can be done safely with minimal risk to the child's health and development.

The second trimester of pregnancy is the period between the completion of 12 weeks (the end of the first trimester) and 26 weeks (the beginning of the third trimester) of gestational age. It is often considered the most comfortable period for many pregnant women as the risk of miscarriage decreases significantly, and the symptoms experienced during the first trimester, such as nausea and fatigue, typically improve.

During this time, the uterus expands above the pubic bone, allowing more space for the growing fetus. The fetal development in the second trimester includes significant growth in size and weight, formation of all major organs, and the beginning of movement sensations that the mother can feel. Additionally, the fetus starts to hear, swallow and kick, and the skin is covered with a protective coating called vernix.

Prenatal care during this period typically includes regular prenatal appointments to monitor the mother's health and the baby's growth and development. These appointments may include measurements of the uterus, fetal heart rate monitoring, and screening tests for genetic disorders or other potential issues.

Esophageal atresia is a congenital condition in which the esophagus, the tube that connects the throat to the stomach, does not develop properly. In most cases, the upper esophagus ends in a pouch instead of connecting to the lower esophagus and stomach. This condition prevents food and liquids from reaching the stomach, leading to difficulty swallowing and feeding problems in newborn infants. Esophageal atresia often occurs together with a congenital defect called tracheoesophageal fistula, in which there is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the windpipe (trachea).

The medical definition of 'Esophageal Atresia' is:

A congenital anomaly characterized by the absence of a normal connection between the upper esophagus and the stomach, resulting in the separation of the proximal and distal esophageal segments. The proximal segment usually ends in a blind pouch, while the distal segment may communicate with the trachea through a tracheoesophageal fistula. Esophageal atresia is often associated with other congenital anomalies and can cause serious complications if not diagnosed and treated promptly after birth.

Fetoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows direct visualization of the fetus and the intrauterine environment through the use of a fiber-optic scope. It is typically performed during the second trimester of pregnancy to diagnose or treat various fetal conditions, such as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, or spina bifida. The procedure involves inserting a thin tube called a fetoscope through the mother's abdomen and uterus to access the fetus. Fetoscopy can also be used for taking fetal tissue samples for genetic testing.

It is important to note that while fetoscopy can provide valuable information and treatment options, it does carry some risks, including preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, infection, and bleeding. Therefore, the decision to undergo fetoscopy should be made carefully, in consultation with a medical professional, and based on a thorough evaluation of the potential benefits and risks.

'Abnormalities, Multiple' is a broad term that refers to the presence of two or more structural or functional anomalies in an individual. These abnormalities can be present at birth (congenital) or can develop later in life (acquired). They can affect various organs and systems of the body and can vary greatly in severity and impact on a person's health and well-being.

Multiple abnormalities can occur due to genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. Chromosomal abnormalities, gene mutations, exposure to teratogens (substances that cause birth defects), and maternal infections during pregnancy are some of the common causes of multiple congenital abnormalities.

Examples of multiple congenital abnormalities include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and VATER/VACTERL association. Acquired multiple abnormalities can result from conditions such as trauma, infection, degenerative diseases, or cancer.

The medical evaluation and management of individuals with multiple abnormalities depend on the specific abnormalities present and their impact on the individual's health and functioning. A multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals is often involved in the care of these individuals to address their complex needs.

Fetal death, also known as stillbirth or intrauterine fetal demise, is defined as the death of a fetus at 20 weeks of gestation or later. The criteria for defining fetal death may vary slightly by country and jurisdiction, but in general, it refers to the loss of a pregnancy after the point at which the fetus is considered viable outside the womb.

Fetal death can occur for a variety of reasons, including chromosomal abnormalities, placental problems, maternal health conditions, infections, and umbilical cord accidents. In some cases, the cause of fetal death may remain unknown.

The diagnosis of fetal death is typically made through ultrasound or other imaging tests, which can confirm the absence of a heartbeat or movement in the fetus. Once fetal death has been diagnosed, medical professionals will work with the parents to determine the best course of action for managing the pregnancy and delivering the fetus. This may involve waiting for labor to begin naturally, inducing labor, or performing a cesarean delivery.

Experiencing a fetal death can be a very difficult and emotional experience for parents, and it is important for them to receive supportive care from their healthcare providers, family members, and friends. Grief counseling and support groups may also be helpful in coping with the loss.

The urogenital system is a part of the human body that includes the urinary and genital systems. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, which work together to produce, store, and eliminate urine. On the other hand, the genital system, also known as the reproductive system, is responsible for the production, development, and reproduction of offspring. In males, this includes the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, and penis. In females, it includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, and external genitalia.

The urogenital system is closely related anatomically and functionally. For example, in males, the urethra serves as a shared conduit for both urine and semen, while in females, the urethra and vagina are separate but adjacent structures. Additionally, some organs, such as the prostate gland in males and the Skene's glands in females, have functions that overlap between the urinary and genital systems.

Disorders of the urogenital system can affect both the urinary and reproductive functions, leading to a range of symptoms such as pain, discomfort, infection, and difficulty with urination or sexual activity. Proper care and maintenance of the urogenital system are essential for overall health and well-being.

The third trimester of pregnancy is the final stage of pregnancy that lasts from week 29 until birth, which typically occurs around the 40th week. During this period, the fetus continues to grow and mature, gaining weight rapidly. The mother's body also prepares for childbirth by dilating the cervix and producing milk in preparation for breastfeeding. Regular prenatal care is crucial during this time to monitor the health of both the mother and the developing fetus, as well as to prepare for delivery.

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a rare birth defect of the lungs, in which a mass of abnormal lung tissue develops that doesn't function and isn't connected to the tracheobronchial tree (the airways that lead to the lungs). This means that the abnormal tissue receives its blood supply from an anomalous systemic artery instead of the normal pulmonary circulation. The mass may be located within the lung (intralobar sequestration) or outside the lung (extralobar sequestration), and it can occur on either side of the chest.

Intralobar sequestrations are more common than extralobar sequestrations, accounting for about 75% of cases. They are usually found in adults and are located within a normal lung tissue. Extralobar sequestrations, on the other hand, are typically detected earlier in life (often as an incidental finding during prenatal ultrasound) and are surrounded by their own pleural lining, which can make them appear separate from the normal lung tissue.

Symptoms of bronchopulmonary sequestration may include recurrent respiratory infections, coughing up blood (hemoptysis), shortness of breath, or chest pain. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the abnormal tissue to prevent complications such as infection, bleeding, or the development of malignancy.

Placental diseases, also known as placental pathologies, refer to a group of conditions that affect the development and function of the placenta during pregnancy. The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and provides oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus while removing waste products.

Placental diseases can have serious consequences for both the mother and the fetus, including preterm labor, growth restriction, stillbirth, and long-term health problems for the child. Some common placental diseases include:

1. Placental abruption: This occurs when the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery, causing bleeding and potentially harming the fetus.
2. Placental previa: This is a condition where the placenta implants in the lower part of the uterus, covering the cervix. It can cause bleeding and may require cesarean delivery.
3. Preeclampsia: This is a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by high blood pressure and damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. Placental dysfunction is thought to play a role in its development.
4. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): This occurs when the fetus does not grow properly due to poor placental function, leading to low birth weight and potential health problems.
5. Chorioamnionitis: This is an infection of the membranes surrounding the fetus, which can lead to preterm labor and other complications.
6. Placental infarction: This occurs when a portion of the placenta dies due to a lack of blood flow, which can lead to growth restriction or stillbirth.

Prompt diagnosis and treatment of placental diseases are essential for ensuring the best possible outcomes for both the mother and the fetus.

A newborn infant is a baby who is within the first 28 days of life. This period is also referred to as the neonatal period. Newborns require specialized care and attention due to their immature bodily systems and increased vulnerability to various health issues. They are closely monitored for signs of well-being, growth, and development during this critical time.

Prenatal diagnosis is the medical testing of fetuses, embryos, or pregnant women to detect the presence or absence of certain genetic disorders or birth defects. These tests can be performed through various methods such as chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis, or ultrasound. The goal of prenatal diagnosis is to provide early information about the health of the fetus so that parents and healthcare providers can make informed decisions about pregnancy management and newborn care. It allows for early intervention, treatment, or planning for the child's needs after birth.

Congenital abnormalities, also known as birth defects, are structural or functional anomalies that are present at birth. These abnormalities can develop at any point during fetal development, and they can affect any part of the body. They can be caused by genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both.

Congenital abnormalities can range from mild to severe and may include structural defects such as heart defects, neural tube defects, and cleft lip and palate, as well as functional defects such as intellectual disabilities and sensory impairments. Some congenital abnormalities may be visible at birth, while others may not become apparent until later in life.

In some cases, congenital abnormalities may be detected through prenatal testing, such as ultrasound or amniocentesis. In other cases, they may not be diagnosed until after the baby is born. Treatment for congenital abnormalities varies depending on the type and severity of the defect, and may include surgery, therapy, medication, or a combination of these approaches.

The opposite to polyhydramnios is oligohydramnios, not enough amniotic fluid. Fetuses with polyhydramnios are at risk for a ... Mild asymptomatic polyhydramnios is managed expectantly. A woman with symptomatic polyhydramnios may need hospital admission. ... There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, ... Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. It is seen in about 1% of ...
Reductive amniocentesis is currently indicated for severe cases of polyhydramnios only. Twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios ... Polyhydramnios is an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid that can lead to serious perinatal and maternal outcomes such as ... This process can result in polyhydramnios in one twin and oligohydramnios in the other twin. Amniocentesis has been employed to ... Yeast JD (2006-06-01). "Polyhydramnios/Oligohydramnios in Twin Pregnancy". NeoReviews. 7 (6): e305-e309. doi:10.1542/neo.7-6- ...
Additionally, indomethacin can be used in pregnancy to treat polyhydramnios by reducing fetal urine production via inhibiting ... Hamza A, Herr D, Solomayer EF, Meyberg-Solomayer G (December 2013). "Polyhydramnios: Causes, Diagnosis and Therapy". ...
GLI3 Polyhydramnios, megalencephaly, and symptomatic epilepsy; 611087; STRADA Polymicrogyria with optic nerve hypoplasia; ...
An AFI > 24-25 is considered as polyhydramnios. There are many things that can cause low AFI, these include: Leaking or rupture ...
25 cm is considered polyhydramnios. Randomized control trials have shown that use of AFI can cause an increased number of false ... 8 cm is considered polyhydramnios. The use of a SDP for diagnosis of oligohydramnios is associated with less false positives ... The opposite of oligohydramnios is polyhydramnios, or an excess of amniotic fluid. The amount of amniotic fluid available is ...
There are also case reports showing concern for amniotic fluid embolus, polyhydramnios, and malpresentation. It is recommended ... Tabor BL, Maier JA (January 1987). "Polyhydramnios and elevated intrauterine pressure during amnioinfusion". American Journal ...
Sometimes, excess amniotic fluid or polyhydramnios is exhibited. Although uncommon in the syndrome, trisomy 18 causes a large ...
Prenatal Bartter syndrome can be associated with polyhydramnios. Bartter and Gitelman syndromes are both characterized by low ... polyhydramnios). After birth, the infant is seen to urinate and drink excessively (polyuria, and polydipsia, respectively). ...
On antenatal USG, the finding of an absent or small stomach in the setting of polyhydramnios was considered a potential symptom ... It is associated with polyhydramnios in the third trimester. This condition may be visible, after about 26 weeks, on an ...
It can initially present with polyhydramnios on prenatal ultrasound. Affected neonates may demonstrate nonspecific signs of ...
Before birth, excess amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios) is a possible symptom. This is more common in duodenal and oesophageal ... or by the development of polyhydramnios (the buildup of too much amniotic fluid in the uterus). These abnormalities are ...
... deficiency is characterized by polyhydramnios and fetal brain abnormalities. In the newborn period, findings include ...
In a fetus, it leads to polyhydramnios and premature birth. Immediately after birth, it leads to dehydration, ...
Similarities with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome include polyhydramnios, macrosomia, nephromegaly and hypoglycaemia. It is the ... It is characterized by polyhydramnios and fetal overgrowth, including macrocephaly, neonatal macrosomia, visceromegaly, ... The characteristic features include polyhydramnios, fetal overgrowth, including macrocephaly, neonatal macrosomia, ... polyhydramnios), may be the first signs of Perlman. Using ultrasound diagnosis, Perlman syndrome has been detected at 18 weeks ...
Polyhydramnios is often seen during pregnancy, and prenatal diagnosis is common. Infants with gastric atresia will exhibit ...
Esophageal atresia and the subsequent inability to swallow typically cause polyhydramnios in utero. Rarely it may present in an ...
Important signs include large fundal height (uterus size) and excessive amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). Fundal height can be ...
... a relative lack of symptoms and a lack of oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios among the fetuses. Different stages of TAPS are ... "Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence in Two Monochorionic Twin Pairs Without Oligo-Polyhydramnios Sequence". Placenta. 28 (1): 47- ...
During pregnancy, too much amniotic fluid may be present, a condition called polyhydramnios. No single cause is responsible for ...
Leopold maneuvers are difficult to perform on obese women and women who have polyhydramnios. The palpation can sometimes be ...
Mutations in the LYK5/STRADα gene are associated with polyhydramnios, megalencephaly and symptomatic epilepsy (collectively ... "Polyhydramnios, megalencephaly and symptomatic epilepsy caused by a homozygous 7-kilobase deletion in LYK5". Brain. 130 (Pt 7 ...
... readily crosses the placenta and can reduce fetal urine production to treat polyhydramnios. It does so by reducing ...
During pregnancy, duodenal atresia is associated with increased amniotic fluid in the uterus, which is called polyhydramnios. ... It causes increased levels of amniotic fluid during pregnancy (polyhydramnios) and intestinal obstruction in newborn babies. ...
Risks for the child include miscarriage, growth restriction, growth acceleration, foetal obesity (macrosomia), polyhydramnios ...
... and polyhydramnios. In an uncomplicated face presentation duration of labor is not altered. Perinatal losses with face ...
Risks for the child include miscarriage, growth restriction, growth acceleration, fetal obesity (macrosomia), polyhydramnios ...
The opposite of oligohydramnios is polyhydramnios, an excess volume of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. Amniotic fluid ...
Women with abnormal amounts of amniotic fluid, whether too much (polyhydramnios) or too little (oligohydramnios), are also at ...
polyhydramnios, or an abnormally high amount of amniotic fluid prematurity: likely related to increased chance of ... malpresentation and relative polyhydramnios. low birth weight: usually described as ...
The opposite to polyhydramnios is oligohydramnios, not enough amniotic fluid. Fetuses with polyhydramnios are at risk for a ... Mild asymptomatic polyhydramnios is managed expectantly. A woman with symptomatic polyhydramnios may need hospital admission. ... There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, ... Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. It is seen in about 1% of ...
Polyhydramnios occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy. It is also called amniotic fluid disorder, or ... Polyhydramnios occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy. It is also called amniotic fluid disorder, or ... Women with polyhydramnios are more likely to go into early labor. The baby will need to be delivered in a hospital. That way, ... Polyhydramnios can occur if the baby does not swallow and absorb amniotic fluid in normal amounts. This can happen if the baby ...
encoded search term (Polyhydramnios and Oligohydramnios) and Polyhydramnios and Oligohydramnios What to Read Next on Medscape ... In a study by Kollmann et al of 860 singleton pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios, 68.8% of the polyhydramnios cases were ... Polyhydramnios occurs in 1% of pregnancies, [1] whereas oligohydramnios occurs in about 11% of pregnancies. [2] No age ... Polyhydramnios and Oligohydramnios. Updated: Sep 20, 2017 * Author: Brian S Carter, MD, FAAP; Chief Editor: Dharmendra J ...
Have any of you had polyhydramnios in previous pregnancies? If so, is this your first pregnancy since then? If not your first ... Have any of you had polyhydramnios in previous pregnancies? If so, is this your first pregnancy since then? If not your first ... This is my first pregnancy with polyhydramnios & its affecting both twins. Ive never had it prior with my first two singleton ...
Conditions that are associated with Polyhydramnios. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ...
It seems we cant find what youre looking for. Perhaps searching can help.. ...
Debbie Berry, MS, LCGC Genetic Counselor Ms. Berry has worked as a prenatal genetic counselor at West Penn Hospital in Pittsburgh, PA for 34 years. She is c ...
... / Mathew, Mariam; Saquib, Shabnam; Rizvi, Syed G. في: Saudi Medical Journal, المجلد ... Mathew, M., Saquib, S., & Rizvi, S. G. (2008). Polyhydramnios. Risk factors and outcome. Saudi Medical Journal, 29(2), 256-260. ... Polyhydramnios was divided into mild and moderate to severe based on the amniotic fluid index values. The demographic data, ... Polyhydramnios was mild in 179 (86.1%) and moderate to severe in 29 (13.9%) cases. Sixty-eight (32.7%) of these pregnancies ...
Pregnancy and baby development week by week. ...
Polyhydramnios - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional ... Symptoms and Signs of Polyhydramnios Polyhydramnios is often asymptomatic. Sometimes the uterus is larger than expected for ... Management is by treating... read more , 2 Diagnosis references Polyhydramnios is excessive amniotic fluid; it is associated ... If polyhydramnios is present, further testing is recommended to determine the cause. The tests done depend on which causes are ...
Polyhydramnios. In the womb, a baby floats in fluid. That fluid, known as amniotic fluid, is almost constantly swallowed and ... Polyhydramnios is a condition where there is too much amniotic fluid in the womb. It affects .5% to 5% of pregnancies. Adequacy ... Most cases of polyhydramnios, if timely diagnosed, are easily treated with medication to decrease amniotic fluid, or by ...
Polyhydramnios in pregnant women For early stages of pregnancy, pregnancy exercises and more! Find out here! ... Polyhydramnios in Pregnancy. by Kathryn Rally , Apr 4, 2014 , Health/Safety, Infections ... Just as oligohydramnios is not enough of a good thing, polyhydramnios in pregnancy is too much of a good thing. This prenatal ...
Idiopathic polyhydramnios: Association with fetal macrosomia. / Sohaey, Roya; Nyberg, David A.; Sickler, G. Kimberly et al. In ... Idiopathic polyhydramnios: Association with fetal macrosomia. Roya Sohaey, David A. Nyberg, G. Kimberly Sickler, Michelle A. ... Idiopathic polyhydramnios: Association with fetal macrosomia. RADIOLOGY. 1994 Feb;190(2):393-396. doi: 10.1148/radiology.190.2. ... Idiopathic polyhydramnios : Association with fetal macrosomia. In: RADIOLOGY. 1994 ; Vol. 190, No. 2. pp. 393-396. ...
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300 hours revision of 1500 Video Lectures Crash Course on General Medicine, Surgery,Gynaecology,Obstetrics, Orthopedics based on University Previous Exam Questi
How is polyhydramnios treated?यदि यह हल्का मामला है या यदि आप अपनी गर्भावस्था के अंत में हैं तो पॉलीहाइड्रेमनिओस का आमतौर पर ... How is polyhydramnios diagnosed?आपका गर्भावस्था देखभाल प्रदाता यह निर्धारित करने के लिए आपके पेट को मापेगा (एक माप जिसे फंडल ... Can I prevent polyhydramnios?नहीं, आप पॉलीहाइड्रेमनिओस को नहीं रोक सकते। यदि आपको गर्भावधि मधुमेह का निदान किया गया है या ... How common is polyhydramnios?पॉलीहाइड्रेमनिओस दुर्लभ है और लगभग 1% गर्भधारण को ...
Reducing preterm births can be accomplished by targeting risk factors and populations at highest risk and by improving quality of care.
Giant chorioangioma of placenta: a rare placental cause of polyhydramnios Authors. * Suneetha Allanki Department of Obstetrics ... Persistence of polyhydramnios during pregnancy - its significance and correlation with maternal and fetal complications. ... Alexander E S, Spitz H B, Clark R A. Sonography of polyhydramnios. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1982;138(2):343. ... On evaluating the cause of her polyhydramnios, ultrasonography revealed a well-defined echogenic vascular mass measuring ~ 8х8 ...
Polyhydramnios. *Intra-abdominal masses. *Intracranial abnormalities. *Omphalocele. *Renal conditions. *Sacrococcygeal teratoma ...
However, foci of calcification may be associated with polyhydramnios, and they can occur as a part of a familial condition. ...
Moderate-to-Severe Polyhydramnios: Cutoffs for Deepest Vertical Pocket Corresponding to Amniotic Fluid Index.. Qureshey, Emma J ... Moderate-severe polyhydramnios occurred in 286 (1.2%) in test group and 571 (1.2%) in validation group. AFI of 30 cm ... Using 8.0 cm rather than 12.0 cm increased the detection of moderate-severe polyhydramnios to 100% with a false positive rate ... In the test group, DVP cutoffs correlating with AFI ≥ 30 cm which was used to define moderate-severe polyhydramnios were ...
Too much amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios) * Cervix is not dilated or the amniotic sac is not broken. Both of these need to ...
Robert Debbs, DO, FACOOG, MHCI, Dist. | Director, Penn Maternal Fetal Medicine New Jersey Network | Maternal Fetal Medicine | Penn Medicine
Significant polyhydramnios occurred in 6/7 pregnancies Title: Phenotype of CNTNAP1: a study of patients demonstrating a ...
The significance of recurrent polyhydramnios. Beischer N, Desmedt E, Ratten G, Sheedy M. Beischer N, et al. Among authors: ...
excess of amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). *thick or abnormally large placenta. The fetus might also have an enlarged spleen, ...
  • PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between idiopathic polyhydramnios and fetal macrosomia in the absence of maternal diabetes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • MATERIALS AND METHODS: Idiopathic polyhydramnios was studied with ultrasound (US) in 99 consecutive normal fetuses of nondiabetic women. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 001). CONCLUSION: Idiopathic polyhydramnios is associated with large- forgestational-age fetuses and macrosomia independent of maternal diabetes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Society for Maternal-fetal medicine Consult Series (#46) states "antenatal fetal surveillance is not required for mild idiopathic" polyhydramnios defined as amniotic fluid index (AFI) of 24 cm or a deepest vertical pocket (DVP) between 8 and 11 cm. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: These data demonstrates a significant positive relation with maternal age, diabetes in pregnancy, and fetal macrosomia with polyhydramnios. (elsevierpure.com)
  • A recent study distinguishes between mild and severe polyhydramnios and showed that Apgar score of less than 7, perinatal death and structural malformations only occurred in women with severe polyhydramnios. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mild asymptomatic polyhydramnios is managed expectantly. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mild polyhydramnios that shows up later in pregnancy often doesn't cause serious problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Polyhydramnios was divided into mild and moderate to severe based on the amniotic fluid index values. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Polyhydramnios was mild in 179 (86.1%) and moderate to severe in 29 (13.9%) cases. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The ultrasound report concluded that this was a 26 weeks viable single pregnancy in breech presentation, with mild polyhydramnios. (thefetus.net)
  • A digital vaginal examination was postponed and the patient was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of a 32 weeks pregnancy with mild polyhydramnios, pregnancy- induced hypertension: mild pre-eclampsia and probable intrauterine fetal death. (thefetus.net)
  • Have any of you had polyhydramnios in previous pregnancies? (babycenter.com)
  • Learn about symptoms, causes and treatment for polyhydramnios - excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid during pregnancy. (stclair.org)
  • The mother may have shown signs indicating excessive amniotic fluid, a condition called polyhydramnios. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • On evaluating the cause of her polyhydramnios, ultrasonography revealed a well-defined echogenic vascular mass measuring ~ 8х8 centimetres in the placenta, suggestive of chorioangioma. (ijrcog.org)
  • Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, and acute polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid collects rapidly. (wikipedia.org)
  • The opposite to polyhydramnios is oligohydramnios, not enough amniotic fluid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polyhydramnios occurs when too much amniotic fluid builds up during pregnancy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Polyhydramnios can occur if the baby does not swallow and absorb amniotic fluid in normal amounts. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Polyhydramnios also may occur if too much fluid is produced. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Severe polyhydramnios may be treated with medicine or by having extra fluid removed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • An abnormally high level of amniotic fluid, polyhydramnios, alerts the clinician to possible fetal anomalies. (medscape.com)
  • Fetal swallowing, which occurs physiologically, reduces the amount of fluid, and an absence of swallowing or a blockage of the fetus's gastrointestinal tract can lead to polyhydramnios. (medscape.com)
  • Two hundred and eight (7.8%) women with polyhydramnios formed the study group, and 2440 women with normal amniotic fluid formed the control. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Polyhydramnios is a condition where there is too much amniotic fluid in the womb. (bottarleone.com)
  • Most cases of polyhydramnios, if timely diagnosed, are easily treated with medication to decrease amniotic fluid, or by amnioreduction. (bottarleone.com)
  • Moderate-to-Severe Polyhydramnios: Cutoffs for Deepest Vertical Pocket Corresponding to Amniotic Fluid Index. (bvsalud.org)
  • Too much amniotic fluid around the baby ( polyhydramnios ). (nct.org.uk)
  • Conversely, the recipient twin grows well but the increased blood flow leads to high blood pressure that causes heart strain and high levels of amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). (luriechildrens.org)
  • Too much fluid in the amniotic sac ( polyhydramnios ) may be seen during a prenatal ultrasound. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • We also use the presence of polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid) and elevated fetal cardiac output on fetal echocardiography. (connecticutchildrens.org)
  • Prenatally, polyhydramnios and hydrops leading to fetal demise can be observed. (medscape.com)
  • Oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios appearance plus the donor twin's urinary bladder is no longer detectable by ultrasound. (luriechildrens.org)
  • Ultrasound confirmed a macrosomic fetus with polyhydramnios. (bmj.com)
  • In a multiple gestation pregnancy, the cause of polyhydramnios usually is twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients with risk factors for PPH such as those with polyhydramnios, preeclampsia, multiple gestation, morbid obesity, macrosomia (large for size baby), and previous history of PPH. (who.int)
  • Persistence of polyhydramnios during pregnancy - its significance and correlation with maternal and fetal complications. (ijrcog.org)
  • In the mother, the physician may observe increased abdominal size out of proportion for her weight gain and gestation age, uterine size that outpaces gestational age, shiny skin with stria (seen mostly in severe polyhydramnios), dyspnea, and chest heaviness. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some women, especially when polyhydramnios is severe and causes uterine distention, have difficulty breathing and/or painful preterm contractions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the test group, DVP cutoffs correlating with AFI ≥ 30 cm which was used to define moderate-severe polyhydramnios were calculated in two ways, rounded to the nearest whole number 1) a receiver operating curve and Youden's J statistic (DVP-Youden) and 2) calculation of the DVP percentile that corresponded with AFI of 30 cm (DVP-Percentile). (bvsalud.org)
  • Moderate-severe polyhydramnios occurred in 286 (1.2%) in test group and 571 (1.2%) in validation group. (bvsalud.org)
  • The calculated cutoff for moderate-severe polyhydramnios was 8 cm for DVP-Youden. (bvsalud.org)
  • Fetuses with polyhydramnios are at risk for a number of other problems including cord prolapse, placental abruption, premature birth and perinatal death. (wikipedia.org)
  • According Desmedt et al, there is a 61% perinatal mortality in polyhydramnios associated with a fetal or placental malformation. (medscape.com)
  • Objectives: To determine the risk factors associated with polyhydramnios, and assess the maternal and perinatal outcome in these patients. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In another study, all patients with polyhydramnios, that had a sonographically normal fetus, showed no chromosomal anomalies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Management is by treating maternal disorders contributing to polyhydramnios. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The significance of recurrent polyhydramnios. (nih.gov)
  • Methods: A prospective study of all deliveries complicated with polyhydramnios in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultanate of Oman between January 2005 and April 2006. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Conclusion : La macrosomie est peu fréquente dans notre contexte hospitalier mais la morbi-mortalité maternelle et néonatale qui en découle n'est pas négligeable. (bvsalud.org)
  • This is my first pregnancy with polyhydramnios & it's affecting both twins. (babycenter.com)
  • Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and the definition of recipient polyhydramnios. (amedeo.com)
  • A woman with symptomatic polyhydramnios may need hospital admission. (wikipedia.org)
  • Women with polyhydramnios are more likely to go into early labor. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If polyhydramnios is not associated with any other findings, the prognosis is usually good. (medscape.com)
  • Polyhydramnios is usually suspected based on ultrasonographic findings or uterine size that is larger than expected for dates. (msdmanuals.com)
  • During the pregnancy, certain clinical signs may suggest polyhydramnios. (wikipedia.org)
  • Risk factors such as malpresentation, polyhydramnios, a high presenting part or a structural anomaly should alert the accoucheur to the increased possibility of cord prolapse. (ispub.com)
  • citation needed] In some cases, amnioreduction, also known as therapeutic amniocentesis, has been used in response to polyhydramnios. (wikipedia.org)