Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome
Avastrovirus
Astrovirus induces diarrhea in the absence of inflammation and cell death. (1/2)
Astroviruses are a leading cause of infantile viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Very little is known about the mechanisms of astrovirus-induced diarrhea. One reason for this is the lack of a small-animal model. Recently, we isolated a novel strain of astrovirus (TAstV-2) from turkeys with the emerging infectious disease poult enteritis mortality syndrome. In the present studies, we demonstrate that TAstV-2 causes growth depression, decreased thymus size, and enteric infection in infected turkeys. Infectious TAstV-2 can be recovered from multiple tissues, including the blood, suggesting that there is a viremic stage during infection. In spite of the severe diarrhea, histopathologic changes in the intestine were mild and there was a surprising lack of inflammation. This may be due to the increased activation of the potent immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor beta during astrovirus infection. These studies suggest that the turkey will be a useful small-animal model with which to study astrovirus pathogenesis and immunity. (+info)Detection of Turkey astrovirus in young poults affected with poult enteritis complex in Brazil. (2/2)
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of turkey astrovirus (TAstV) capsid and polymerase genes was applied to the bursa of Fabricius (BF), thymus (TH), spleen (SP) and cloacal swabs (CS) of young poults with "Poult enteritis complex" (PEC). The histological lesions included atrophy, lymphoid depletion, cellular infiltration and necrosis of the BF, TH and SP, respectively. The RT-PCR reactions were positive for the polymerase gene of TAstV-2 in all 100 CSs, 7 out of 10 of BFs and 10 out of 20 THs and SPs, respectively. Five out of 10 THs and SPs samples, considered to be negative by RT-PCR, were positive when specific primers designed for the TAstV-2 capsid gene were applied. This is the first description of turkey astrovirus infection presenting PEC in Latin America. (+info)Poult Enteritis Mortality Syndrome (PEMS) is not a widely recognized or officially defined medical condition in human medicine. However, it is a term used in the poultry industry to describe a complex of symptoms seen in young chickens, usually under 28 days old, characterized by enteritis (inflammation of the intestines) and high mortality rates. The exact cause of PEMS remains unclear, but it's believed to be associated with various factors such as viral infections, bacterial infections, management practices, and environmental stressors.
The symptoms of PEMS may include:
* Sudden onset of watery diarrhea
* Depression
* Loss of appetite
* Weight loss
* Ruffled feathers
* Dehydration
* High mortality rates (up to 50% in some cases)
It's important to note that while PEMS is not a recognized medical condition in human medicine, the symptoms and causes of enteritis can be relevant to human health, particularly in the context of food safety and zoonotic diseases.
Avastrovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Astroviridae, which cause gastrointestinal illness in various animals, including birds and mammals. These viruses are non-enveloped and have a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. Avastroviruses are named after the asterisk-like structure seen in their viral particles under an electron microscope. They can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In animals, avastrovirus infections can lead to significant economic losses in the agricultural industry due to decreased growth rates and increased mortality in infected animals. However, it's important to note that avastroviruses are not known to infect humans.
Enteritis is a medical term that refers to inflammation of the small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for digesting and absorbing nutrients from food, so inflammation in this area can interfere with these processes and lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.
Enteritis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial or viral infections, parasites, autoimmune disorders, medications, and exposure to toxins. In some cases, the cause of enteritis may be unknown. Treatment for enteritis depends on the underlying cause, but may include antibiotics, antiparasitic drugs, anti-inflammatory medications, or supportive care such as fluid replacement therapy.
Astrovirus
Astroviridae
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Chickens4
- In addition to humans, astroviruses have now been isolated from numerous mammalian animal species (and are classified as genus Mamastrovirus) and from avian species such as ducks, chickens, and turkey poults (classified as genus Avastrovirus). (wikipedia.org)
- 37. Pullorum disease is an acute systemic disease in chickens and turkey poults. (edu.vn)
- Malabsorption Syndrome in Poultry Malabsorption syndrome is characterized by stunted growth and lack of pigmentation in growing chickens. (msdvetmanual.com)
- of chickens and poult enteritis complex in turkeys, and they often cause diarrhea, enteritis, and growth restriction in young birds. (msdvetmanual.com)
Turkeys2
- Turkey coronavirus (TCV) from two sources was studied, one isolate (NC95) was embryo propagated, the second was TCV infected material from turkeys diagnosed with poult enteritis mortality syndrome (PEMS). (scienceopen.com)
- In natural conditions, the infection of turkeys by M is associated with a reduction of 5% to 20% of hatchability due to late embryonic mortality (18 to 24 days of incubation). (t.me)
Morbidity2
- Morbidity is often high, and the mortality varies according to the age of birds and the occurrence of surinfections. (t.me)
- Definition This organism causes severe pleuropneumonia which is a highly contagious disease of swine often characterized by sudden onset, short clinical course, high morbidity, and high mortality. (edu.vn)
Turkey1
- Turkey poults administered beetle homogenates infected with TCV+ PEMS that had not been surface sterilized had reduced weight gains and 50% mortality. (scienceopen.com)
Diarrhea1
- Potomac horse fever (PHF) is an acute enterocolitis syndrome producing mild colic, fever, and diarrhea in horses of all ages, as well as abortion in pregnant mares. (edu.vn)
Acute1
- Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an acute Clostridium infection characterized by severe necroses of intestinal mucosa. (edu.vn)
Severe1
- However, infections with C. jejuni can lead to severe complications like the Guillain-Barré syndrome, a paralyzing neuropathological disease [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Birds3
- In adult birds, the infection is often subclinical but hatchability may be reduced because of late embryonic mortality. (t.me)
- Avian astroviruses are common in several species of poultry and typically cause enteritis and growth retardation in young birds. (msdvetmanual.com)
- They mainly affect young birds, causing enteritis and growth retardation, although some can be vertically transmitted, causing hatchery disease (aka,, white chicks disease). (msdvetmanual.com)
Lead1
- Since poultry plays such an important role in transmission, a decrease of the colonization of poultry by Campylobacter will lead to a reduction of Campylobacter -related enteritis cases in humans [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Turkeys2
- An acute, transmissible, infectious disease associated with high MORTALITY and MORBIDITY in young turkeys (poults). (bvsalud.org)
- Most infections are fatal in turkeys, but mortality is less common in other birds. (poultryhub.org)
Coronavirus2
- La causa se desconoce, aunque en los animales enfermos se han aislado astrovirus (ASTROVIRUS) y coronavirus (CORONAVIRUS DEL PAVO) por lo que se piensa que estos organismos son los responsables de la enteritis y de provocar un incremento de la susceptibilidad a infecciones bacterianas. (bvsalud.org)
- The cause is unknown but astroviruses ( AVASTROVIRUS ) and coronaviruses (CORONAVIRUS, TURKEY) have been isolated from diseased poults and are thought to cause the enteritis and increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. (bvsalud.org)