A pathologic entity characterized by deossification of a weight-bearing long bone, followed by bending and pathologic fracture, with inability to form normal BONY CALLUS leading to existence of the "false joint" that gives the condition its name. (Dorland, 27th ed)
The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.
The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones.
Operative immobilization or ankylosis of two or more vertebrae by fusion of the vertebral bodies with a short bone graft or often with diskectomy or laminectomy. (From Blauvelt & Nelson, A Manual of Orthopaedic Terminology, 5th ed, p236; Dorland, 28th ed)
The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.
Devices which are used in the treatment of orthopedic injuries and diseases.
A bone fixation technique using an external fixator (FIXATORS, EXTERNAL) for lengthening limbs, correcting pseudarthroses and other deformities, and assisting the healing of otherwise hopeless traumatic or pathological fractures and infections, such as chronic osteomyelitis. The method was devised by the Russian orthopedic surgeon Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov (1921-1992). (From Bull Hosp Jt Dis 1992 Summer;52(1):1)
Deformities of the SPINE characterized by an exaggerated convexity of the vertebral column. The forward bending of the thoracic region usually is more than 40 degrees. This deformity sometimes is called round back or hunchback.
A tibial fracture is a medical term that describes a break or crack in the shinbone, one of the two bones in the lower leg, which can occur anywhere along its length due to various traumatic injuries or stresses.
The innermost digit of the foot in PRIMATES.
Distortion or disfigurement of the foot, or a part of the foot, acquired through disease or injury after birth.
An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Fractures due to the strain caused by repetitive exercise. They are thought to arise from a combination of MUSCLE FATIGUE and bone failure, and occur in situations where BONE REMODELING predominates over repair. The most common sites of stress fractures are the METATARSUS; FIBULA; TIBIA; and FEMORAL NECK.
The eight bones of the wrist: SCAPHOID BONE; LUNATE BONE; TRIQUETRUM BONE; PISIFORM BONE; TRAPEZIUM BONE; TRAPEZOID BONE; CAPITATE BONE; and HAMATE BONE.
A bone on the ventral side of the shoulder girdle, which in humans is commonly called the collar bone.
An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras (RAS PROTEINS).
Tissues, cells, or organs transplanted between genetically different individuals of the same species.
External devices which hold wires or pins that are placed through one or both cortices of bone in order to hold the position of a fracture in proper alignment. These devices allow easy access to wounds, adjustment during the course of healing, and more functional use of the limbs involved.
The surgical fixation of a joint by a procedure designed to accomplish fusion of the joint surfaces by promoting the proliferation of bone cells. (Dorland, 28th ed)
The surgical cutting of a bone. (Dorland, 28th ed)
The spinal or vertebral column.
Procedures used to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, its articulations, and associated structures.
Specialized devices used in ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY to repair bone fractures.
VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.

The aetiology of congenital angulation of tubular bones with constriction of the medullary canal, and its relationship to congenital pseudarthrosis. (1/124)

It is suggested that there is a group of cases of congenital angulation of tubular bones in which the lesion is a defect of ossification of the primary cartilaginous anlage and in which neurofibromatosis is not implicated. It appears that in this group the prognosis with regard to the resolution of deformity and the prevention of pseudarthrosis with conservative treatment or relatively simple surgical procedures is better than that in the neurofibromatous type.  (+info)

Complications of scoliosis surgery in children with myelomeningocele. (2/124)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether the high incidence of complications in scoliosis surgery in myelomeningocele (MMC) could be attributed to the surgical technique and whether improvements were possible. Between 1984 and 1996, 77 patients with MMC and scoliosis were treated surgically. The clinical and radiological follow-up ranged from 1 to 10 years with a mean follow-up of 3.6 years. The mean age at time of surgery was 12 years 8 months. The average preoperative scoliosis measured 90.20 degrees and was corrected by 47%. The first four patients were stabilized with Harrington rods after anterior correction with a Zielke device (group 1). Twenty-five patients were operated only from posterior, using Cotrel-Dubousset (CD) instrumentation (group 2). In 13 patients an anterior release and discectomy was performed prior to CD posterior instrumentation (group 3). In 26 patients (group 4) this was combined with an anterior instrumentation. The 9 patients of group 5 had congenital vertebral malformations which made a special treatment necessary. Complications could be divided into hardware problems, such as implant failure, dislocation or pseudarthrosis, infections, anesthetic, and neurologic complications. Hardware problems were seen in 29% of all patients. More hardware problems were seen with the Harrington rod (75%) and after solitary posterior instrumentation (30%). The occurrence of pseudarthrosis was dependent on the surgical technique, the extent of posterior spondylodesis, and lumbosacral fusion. Patients with hardware problems had a mean loss of correction of 49% compared to 13% in the other patients. Depending on the different surgical techniques a loss of more than 30% was seen in 12-75% of the cases. Early postoperative shunt failure occurred in four cases; delayed failure - after more than 1 year - in three cases. One patient died within 1 day due to an acute hydrocephalus, another died after 2 1/2 years because of chronic shunt insufficiency with herniation. Wound problems were not dependent on the surgical technique, but on the extent of posterior spondylodesis and the lumbosacral fusion. Based on this analysis we believe our current practice of instrumented anterior and posterior fusion is justified. Further, we are very careful to check shunt function prior to acute correction of spinal deformity.  (+info)

Spontaneous healing of an atrophic pseudoarthrosis during femoral lengthening. A case report with six-year follow-up. (3/124)

A seven-year old girl developed an atrophic pseudoarthrosis at the midshaft of the femur with 8.5 cm of femoral shortening after an open type II fracture. During a femoral lengthening procedure, the pseudoarthrosis filled with spontaneous callus formation and bone union was obtained.  (+info)

The treatment of pseudoarthrosis of the scaphoid by bone grafting and three methods of internal fixation. (4/124)

OBJECTIVES: To measure the rate of union in patients with pseudoarthosis of the scaphoid, treated with trapezoidal bone grafting as outlined by Fernandez and 1 of 3 methods of internal fixation and to compare unions versus nonunions and potential predictors of union to determine if associations exist. DESIGN: A retrospective radiologic study of scaphoid pseudoarthroses. SETTING: Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, General Site, a tertiary care facility. PATIENTS: Thirty-four patients with nonunion of scaphoid fractures, treated between 1990 and 1997, with an average follow-up of 19.8 months. INTERVENTIONS: Trapezoidal bone grafting and internal fixation with Kirschner (K) wires, an AO cannulated screw or a Herbert screw. OUTCOME MEASURES: The time to union of scaphoid pseudoarthroses and predictors of union, including the classification, location of pseudoarthrosis, type of internal fixation and length of bone graft. RESULTS: The results showed a correlation between the classification and location of the fracture as determined radiologically, and the outcome. There was no correlation between the type of internal fixation used and the outcome, or between the length of the bone graft and the outcome. Twenty-three patients had radiologically demonstrated union after a mean time of 8.2 months; 16 of 24 patients achieved successful union when treated with K-wire implants, after a mean time of 7.2 months. CONCLUSIONS: Trapezoidal bone grafting and internal fixation with K wires is a practical technique, classification and location of the fracture notwithstanding. Time to union is long, and the results may be unpredictable. Use of K wires for internal fixation presents the clinician with an alternative to fixation with either the AO cannulated screw or the Herbert screw, and has the advantages of cost, ease of insertion and accessibility. This method may therefore be the treatment of choice in developing countries. Resection of the area of pseudoarthrosis must include all fibrous tissue and sclerotic bone. The length of graft, within the parameters of this study, did not affect the outcome.  (+info)

A case of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia treated with pulsing electromagnetic fields. 17-year follow-up. (5/124)

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia presents surgeons with one of the most challenging of all orthopedic problems. Various surgical treatments have succeeded only rarely. We report long-term follow-up of a patient with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia treated with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and bone grafting. In this severe case, Bassett type III and Boyd type II, encouraging results were achieved with Boyd's dual onlay grafts and PEMF. Seven years after surgery, skeletal maturity was complete and an unacceptable degree of leg shortening had been avoided.  (+info)

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion with threaded fusion cages and autologous bone grafts. (6/124)

The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of Ray threaded fusion cages, when used in an anterior approach, to restore intervertebral height and to improve the functional and occupational performance of the patients. The present study was initiated because insertion of fusion cages through a posterior approach causes destruction of facet joints and violation of the spinal canal. The anterior approach for insertion of threaded fusion cages to accomplish lumbar interbody fusion was evaluated in a series of 13 patients suffering monosegmental disc disease. The patients' functional and occupational performance was evaluated using the Prolo score. Radiological measurements were used to evaluate disc height and degree of penetration into the endplates, and to confirm fusion. Seven of the 13 patients were short-term failures and had to be revised within 2 years. The study found that revised patients had poorer Prolo scores than non-revised patients. Although for the non-revised patients, the mean Prolo scores remained relatively stable during the 1st year, they dropped after 3 years. We were not able to identify any further clinical or radiological differences between the groups. These results indicate that although the anterior approach seems technically suitable for insertion of threaded fusion cages, destruction of the anterior longitudinal ligament and the anterior part of the annulus fibrosis appears to result in destabilisation of the motion segment.  (+info)

Radiographic and scintigraphic courses of union in cervical interbody fusion: hydroxyapatite grafts versus iliac bone autografts. (7/124)

This study investigated the radiographic and scintigraphic courses of union in cervical interbody fusion using hydroxyapatite (HA) grafts or iliac bone autografts. METHODS: Twelve patients underwent both serial plain radiography and bone scintigraphy during the 12 mo after surgery. Serial plain radiographs were obtained every month until the end of the study period. Bone scintigrams with 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) were obtained at 2 wk and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 mo. Uptake of 99mTc-HMDP in the graft was expressed as a ratio of the counts in the graft to those in the axis. RESULTS: In the HA graft group, the plain radiographs of all patients showed a radiolucent stripe that disappeared 7.3 +/- 1.5 (mean +/- SD) months after surgery. In the autograft group, a radiolucent stripe around the graft was not seen for any patient, and union was confirmed by follow-up radiographs within 6 mo after surgery. The serial changes in the 99mTc-HMDP uptake ratio showed no difference between the 2 groups. The 99mTc-HMDP uptake ratio peaked 1 mo after surgery and decreased rapidly to a plateau within 2 mo. CONCLUSION: In the HA graft group, despite the presence of a radiolucent stripe around the graft for more than 6 mo, the scintigraphic course of union was not different from that in the autograft group. The likelihood is that the presence of a radiolucent stripe around the HA graft in the early months after surgery is not always a sign of pseudoarthrosis.  (+info)

Vascularised fibular grafts. An experience of 102 patients. (8/124)

The results and complications of 104 vascularised fibular grafts in 102 patients are presented. Bony union was ultimately achieved in 97 patients, with primary union in 84 (84%). The mean time to union was 15.5 weeks (8 to 40). In 13 patients, primary union was achieved at one end of the fibula and secondary union at the other end. In these patients, the mean time to union was 31.1 weeks (24 to 40). Five patients failed to achieve union, with a resultant pseudarthrosis (3 patients) or amputation (2 patients). There were various complications. Immediate thrombosis occurred in 14 cases. In two of 23 patients with osteomyelitis, infection recurred at two and six months after surgery, respectively. Both patients had active osteomyelitis less than one month before the operation. Bony infection occurred in a patient with a synovial sarcoma of the forearm one year after surgery. In 15 patients, 19 fractures of the fibular graft occurred after bony union, all except one within one year after union. In patients in whom an external fixator had been used, fracture occurred soon after its removal. Union was difficult to achieve in cases of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Appropriate alignment of the fibular graft is an important factor in preventing stress fracture. The vascularised fibula should be protected during the first year after union. Postoperative complications at the donor site included transient palsy of the superficial peroneal nerve in three patients, contracture of flexor hallucis longus in two and valgus deformity of the ankle in three. Vascularised fibular grafts are useful in the reconstruction of massive bony defects. We believe that meticulous preoperative planning, including choosing which vessels to select in the recipient and the type of fixation devices to use, and care in the introduction of the vascularised fibula, can improve the results and prevent complications.  (+info)

Pseudarthrosis is a medical term that refers to a false joint or a nonunion of bones, meaning that the broken bone ends do not heal properly and continue to move at the fracture site. This condition can cause pain, instability, and deformity in the affected limb. It may require additional treatment such as surgery to promote bone healing and stabilization.

The tibia, also known as the shin bone, is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and part of the knee joint. It supports most of the body's weight and is a major insertion point for muscles that flex the foot and bend the leg. The tibia articulates with the femur at the knee joint and with the fibula and talus bone at the ankle joint. Injuries to the tibia, such as fractures, are common in sports and other activities that put stress on the lower leg.

The fibula is a slender bone located in the lower leg of humans and other vertebrates. It runs parallel to the larger and more robust tibia, and together they are known as the bones of the leg or the anterior tibial segment. The fibula is the lateral bone in the leg, positioned on the outside of the tibia.

In humans, the fibula extends from the knee joint proximally to the ankle joint distally. Its proximal end, called the head of the fibula, articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia and forms part of the inferior aspect of the knee joint. The narrowed portion below the head is known as the neck of the fibula.

The shaft of the fibula, also called the body of the fibula, is a long, thin structure that descends from the neck and serves primarily for muscle attachment rather than weight-bearing functions. The distal end of the fibula widens to form the lateral malleolus, which is an important bony landmark in the ankle region. The lateral malleolus articulates with the talus bone of the foot and forms part of the ankle joint.

The primary functions of the fibula include providing attachment sites for muscles that act on the lower leg, ankle, and foot, as well as contributing to the stability of the ankle joint through its articulation with the talus bone. Fractures of the fibula can occur due to various injuries, such as twisting or rotational forces applied to the ankle or direct trauma to the lateral aspect of the lower leg.

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure where two or more vertebrae in the spine are fused together to create a solid bone. The purpose of this procedure is to restrict movement between the fused vertebrae, which can help reduce pain and stabilize the spine. This is typically done using bone grafts or bone graft substitutes, along with hardware such as rods, screws, or cages to hold the vertebrae in place while they heal together. The procedure may be recommended for various spinal conditions, including degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, or fractures.

Bone transplantation, also known as bone grafting, is a surgical procedure in which bone or bone-like material is transferred from one part of the body to another or from one person to another. The graft may be composed of cortical (hard outer portion) bone, cancellous (spongy inner portion) bone, or a combination of both. It can be taken from different sites in the same individual (autograft), from another individual of the same species (allograft), or from an animal source (xenograft). The purpose of bone transplantation is to replace missing bone, provide structural support, and stimulate new bone growth. This procedure is commonly used in orthopedic, dental, and maxillofacial surgeries to repair bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital conditions.

Orthopedic fixation devices are medical implants used in orthopedic surgery to provide stability and promote the healing of fractured or broken bones, as well as joints or spinal segments. These devices can be internal or external and include a variety of products such as:

1. Intramedullary nails: Long rods that are inserted into the center of a bone to stabilize fractures in long bones like the femur or tibia.
2. Plates and screws: Metal plates are attached to the surface of a bone with screws to hold the fragments together while they heal.
3. Screws: Used alone or in combination with other devices, they can be used to stabilize small fractures or to fix implants like total joint replacements.
4. Wires: Used to hold bone fragments together, often in conjunction with other devices.
5. External fixators: A external frame attached to the bones using pins or wires that is placed outside the skin to provide stability and alignment of fractured bones.
6. Spinal fixation devices: These include pedicle screws, rods, hooks, and plates used to stabilize spinal fractures or deformities.
7. Orthopedic staples: Small metal staples used to stabilize small bone fragments or for joint fusion.

The choice of orthopedic fixation device depends on the location and severity of the injury or condition being treated. The primary goal of these devices is to provide stability, promote healing, and restore function.

The Ilizarov technique is a surgical method used for limb lengthening and reconstruction. It involves the use of an external fixation device, which consists of rings connected by adjustable rods and wires that are attached to the bone. This apparatus allows for gradual distraction (slow, steady stretching) of the bone, allowing new bone tissue to grow in the gap created by the distraction. The Ilizarov technique can be used to treat various conditions such as limb length discrepancies, bone deformities, and nonunions (failed healing of a fracture). It is named after its developer, Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov, a Soviet orthopedic surgeon.

Kyphosis is a medical term used to describe an excessive curvature of the spine in the sagittal plane, leading to a rounded or humped back appearance. This condition often affects the thoracic region of the spine and can result from various factors such as age-related degenerative changes, congenital disorders, Scheuermann's disease, osteoporosis, or traumatic injuries. Mild kyphosis may not cause any significant symptoms; however, severe cases can lead to pain, respiratory difficulties, and decreased quality of life. Treatment options typically include physical therapy, bracing, and, in some cases, surgical intervention.

A tibial fracture is a medical term that refers to a break in the shin bone, which is called the tibia. The tibia is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and is responsible for supporting much of your body weight. Tibial fractures can occur in various ways, such as from high-energy trauma like car accidents or falls, or from low-energy trauma in individuals with weakened bones due to osteoporosis or other medical conditions.

Tibial fractures can be classified into different types based on the location, pattern, and severity of the break. Some common types of tibial fractures include:

1. Transverse fracture: A straight break that goes across the bone.
2. Oblique fracture: A diagonal break that slopes across the bone.
3. Spiral fracture: A break that spirals around the bone, often caused by twisting or rotational forces.
4. Comminuted fracture: A break where the bone is shattered into multiple pieces.
5. Open fracture: A break in which the bone pierces through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
6. Closed fracture: A break in which the bone does not pierce through the skin.

Tibial fractures can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg. Treatment for tibial fractures may include immobilization with a cast or brace, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone with plates, screws, or rods, and rehabilitation to restore strength, mobility, and function to the injured limb.

"Hallux" is a medical term that refers to the big toe or great toe, which is the first digit of the human foot. It is derived from Latin, where "hallus" means "big toe." In some contexts, specific pathologies or conditions related to the big toe may also be referred to as hallux issues, such as hallux valgus (a common foot deformity where the big toe drifts toward the second toe) or hallux rigidus (a form of degenerative arthritis that affects the big toe joint).

Acquired foot deformities refer to structural abnormalities of the foot that develop after birth, as opposed to congenital foot deformities which are present at birth. These deformities can result from various factors such as trauma, injury, infection, neurological conditions, or complications from a medical condition like diabetes or arthritis.

Examples of acquired foot deformities include:

1. Hammertoe - A deformity where the toe bends downward at the middle joint, resembling a hammer.
2. Claw toe - A more severe form of hammertoe where the toe also curls under, forming a claw-like shape.
3. Mallet toe - A condition where the end joint of a toe is bent downward, causing it to resemble a mallet.
4. Bunions - A bony bump that forms on the inside of the foot at the big toe joint, often causing pain and difficulty wearing shoes.
5. Tailor's bunion (bunionette) - A similar condition to a bunion, but it occurs on the outside of the foot near the little toe joint.
6. Charcot foot - A severe deformity that can occur in people with diabetes or other neurological conditions, characterized by the collapse and dislocation of joints in the foot.
7. Cavus foot - A condition where the arch of the foot is excessively high, causing instability and increasing the risk of ankle injuries.
8. Flatfoot (pes planus) - A deformity where the arch of the foot collapses, leading to pain and difficulty walking.
9. Pronation deformities - Abnormal rotation or tilting of the foot, often causing instability and increasing the risk of injury.

Treatment for acquired foot deformities varies depending on the severity and underlying cause but may include orthotics, physical therapy, medication, or surgery.

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which most often occurs in the thoracic or lumbar regions. The curvature can be "C" or "S" shaped and may also include rotation of the vertebrae. Mild scoliosis doesn't typically cause problems, but severe cases can interfere with breathing and other bodily functions.

The exact cause of most scoliosis is unknown, but it may be related to genetic factors. It often develops in the pre-teen or teenage years, particularly in girls, and is more commonly found in individuals with certain neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy.

Treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity of the curve, its location, and the age and expected growth of the individual. Mild cases may only require regular monitoring to ensure the curve doesn't worsen. More severe cases may require bracing or surgery to correct the curvature and prevent it from getting worse.

Stress fractures are defined as small cracks or severe bruising in bones that occur from repetitive stress or overuse. They most commonly occur in weight-bearing bones, such as the legs and feet, but can also occur in the arms, hips, and back. Stress fractures differ from regular fractures because they typically do not result from a single, traumatic event. Instead, they are caused by repeated stress on the bone that results in microscopic damage over time. Athletes, military personnel, and individuals who engage in high-impact activities or have weak bones (osteoporosis) are at increased risk of developing stress fractures. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, tenderness, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected bone.

Carpal bones are the eight small bones that make up the wrist joint in humans and other primates. These bones are arranged in two rows, with four bones in each row. The proximal row includes the scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform bones, while the distal row includes the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones.

The carpal bones play an essential role in the function of the wrist joint by providing stability, support, and mobility. They allow for a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, and circumduction. The complex structure of the carpal bones also helps to absorb shock and distribute forces evenly across the wrist during activities such as gripping or lifting objects.

Injuries to the carpal bones, such as fractures or dislocations, can be painful and may require medical treatment to ensure proper healing and prevent long-term complications. Additionally, degenerative conditions such as arthritis can affect the carpal bones, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility in the wrist joint.

The clavicle, also known as the collarbone, is a long, slender bone that lies horizontally between the breastbone (sternum) and the shoulder blade (scapula). It is part of the shoulder girdle and plays a crucial role in supporting the upper limb. The clavicle has two ends: the medial end, which articulates with the sternum, and the lateral end, which articulates with the acromion process of the scapula. It is a common site of fracture due to its superficial location and susceptibility to direct trauma.

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that affects the development and growth of nerve tissue. It's also known as von Recklinghausen disease. NF1 is characterized by the growth of non-cancerous tumors on the nerves, as well as skin and bone abnormalities.

The symptoms of Neurofibromatosis 1 can vary widely, even among members of the same family. Some common features include:

* Multiple café au lait spots (flat, light brown patches on the skin)
* Freckles in the underarms and groin area
* Benign growths on or under the skin called neurofibromas
* Larger, more complex tumors called plexiform neurofibromas
* Optic gliomas (tumors that form on the optic nerve)
* Distinctive bone abnormalities, such as a curved spine (scoliosis) or an enlarged head (macrocephaly)
* Learning disabilities and behavioral problems

Neurofibromatosis 1 is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called neurofibromin. This protein helps regulate cell growth and division. When the NF1 gene is mutated, the production of neurofibromin is reduced or absent, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors.

NF1 is an autosomal dominant disorder, which means that a person has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutated gene from an affected parent. However, about half of all cases are the result of new mutations in the NF1 gene, and occur in people with no family history of the disorder.

There is currently no cure for Neurofibromatosis 1, but treatments are available to manage the symptoms and complications of the disease. These may include medications to control pain or reduce the size of tumors, surgery to remove tumors or correct bone abnormalities, and physical therapy to improve mobility and strength. Regular monitoring by a healthcare team experienced in treating Neurofibromatosis 1 is also important to detect any changes in the condition and provide appropriate care.

An allograft is a type of transplant in which tissue or an organ is transferred from one individual to another, within the same species. The donor and recipient are genetically different, so the recipient's immune system may recognize the donated tissue or organ as foreign and mount an immune response against it. To minimize the risk of rejection, recipients typically receive immunosuppressive drugs to dampen their immune response.

Allografts can be used in a variety of medical contexts, including reconstructive surgery, orthopedic surgery, and organ transplantation. Examples of allografts include heart valves, tendons, ligaments, corneas, skin, and whole organs such as kidneys, livers, and hearts.

It's worth noting that allografts are distinguished from autografts, which involve transplanting tissue or an organ from one part of the body to another in the same individual, and xenografts, which involve transplanting tissue or organs between different species.

An external fixator is a type of orthopedic device used in the treatment of severe fractures or deformities of bones. It consists of an external frame that is attached to the bone with pins or wires that pass through the skin and into the bone. This provides stability to the injured area while allowing for alignment and adjustment of the bone during the healing process.

External fixators are typically used in cases where traditional casting or internal fixation methods are not feasible, such as when there is extensive soft tissue damage, infection, or when a limb needs to be gradually stretched or shortened. They can also be used in reconstructive surgery for bone defects or deformities.

The external frame of the fixator is made up of bars and clamps that are adjustable, allowing for precise positioning and alignment of the bones. The pins or wires that attach to the bone are carefully inserted through small incisions in the skin, and are held in place by the clamps on the frame.

External fixators can be used for a period of several weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the injury and the individual's healing process. During this time, the patient may require regular adjustments and monitoring by an orthopedic surgeon or other medical professional. Once the bone has healed sufficiently, the external fixator can be removed in a follow-up procedure.

Arthrodesis is a surgical procedure to fuse together the bones of a joint, in order to restrict its movement and provide stability. This procedure is typically performed when a joint has been severely damaged by injury, arthritis, or other conditions, and non-surgical treatments have failed to relieve symptoms such as pain and instability.

During the surgery, the cartilage that normally cushions the ends of the bones is removed, and the bones are realigned and held in place with hardware such as plates, screws, or rods. Over time, the bones grow together, forming a solid fusion that restricts joint motion.

Arthrodesis can be performed on various joints throughout the body, including the spine, wrist, ankle, and knee. While this procedure can provide significant pain relief and improve function, it does limit the range of motion in the fused joint, which may impact mobility and daily activities. Therefore, arthrodesis is typically considered a last resort when other treatments have failed.

Osteotomy is a surgical procedure in which a bone is cut to shorten, lengthen, or change its alignment. It is often performed to correct deformities or to realign bones that have been damaged by trauma or disease. The bone may be cut straight across (transverse osteotomy) or at an angle (oblique osteotomy). After the bone is cut, it can be realigned and held in place with pins, plates, or screws until it heals. This procedure is commonly performed on bones in the leg, such as the femur or tibia, but can also be done on other bones in the body.

The spine, also known as the vertebral column, is a complex structure in the human body that is part of the axial skeleton. It is composed of 33 individual vertebrae (except in some people where there are fewer due to fusion of certain vertebrae), intervertebral discs, facet joints, ligaments, muscles, and nerves.

The spine has several important functions:

1. Protection: The spine protects the spinal cord, which is a major component of the nervous system, by enclosing it within a bony canal.
2. Support: The spine supports the head and upper body, allowing us to maintain an upright posture and facilitating movement of the trunk and head.
3. Movement: The spine enables various movements such as flexion (bending forward), extension (bending backward), lateral flexion (bending sideways), and rotation (twisting).
4. Weight-bearing: The spine helps distribute weight and pressure evenly across the body, reducing stress on individual vertebrae and other structures.
5. Blood vessel and nerve protection: The spine protects vital blood vessels and nerves that pass through it, including the aorta, vena cava, and spinal nerves.

The spine is divided into five regions: cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae), lumbar (5 vertebrae), sacrum (5 fused vertebrae), and coccyx (4 fused vertebrae, also known as the tailbone). Each region has unique characteristics that allow for specific functions and adaptations to the body's needs.

Orthopedic procedures are surgical or nonsurgical methods used to treat musculoskeletal conditions, including injuries, deformities, or diseases of the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These procedures can range from simple splinting or casting to complex surgeries such as joint replacements, spinal fusions, or osteotomies (cutting and repositioning bones). The primary goal of orthopedic procedures is to restore function, reduce pain, and improve the quality of life for patients.

Bone screws are medical devices used in orthopedic and trauma surgery to affix bone fracture fragments or to attach bones to other bones or to metal implants such as plates, rods, or artificial joints. They are typically made of stainless steel or titanium alloys and have a threaded shaft that allows for purchase in the bone when tightened. The head of the screw may have a hexagonal or star-shaped design to allow for precise tightening with a screwdriver. Bone screws come in various shapes, sizes, and designs, including fully threaded, partially threaded, cannulated (hollow), and headless types, depending on their intended use and location in the body.

The lumbar vertebrae are the five largest and strongest vertebrae in the human spine, located in the lower back region. They are responsible for bearing most of the body's weight and providing stability during movement. The lumbar vertebrae have a characteristic shape, with a large body in the front, which serves as the main weight-bearing structure, and a bony ring in the back, formed by the pedicles, laminae, and processes. This ring encloses and protects the spinal cord and nerves. The lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5, starting from the uppermost one. They allow for flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation movements of the trunk.

Niedzielski K, Synder M (2000). "The treatment of pseudarthrosis using the Ilizarov method". Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2 (3): 46 ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pseudarthrosis. AAOS (Source attribution, CS1 German-language sources (de), Articles ...
Bliss studied at Cleveland Medical College, submitting his thesis on Pseudarthrosis or False-Joint in 1849. He advertised and ... Bliss, Doctor Willard (1849). A thesis on pseudarthrosis or false-joint. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Medical College. Bliss, ... Bliss, Doctor Willard (1849). A thesis on pseudarthrosis or false-joint. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Medical College. Herndon, ...
Implant biofilm is frequently present in "aseptic" pseudarthrosis cases. Furthermore, it has been noted that bacterial biofilms ... 2020). "High Prevalence of Biofilms on Retrieved Implants from Aseptic Pseudarthrosis Cases". Spine Surgery and Related ...
A non-union (pseudarthrosis) can occur in 2 to 5% of cases. In the aftermath, 90% of non-operated individuals return to sports ...
Deformity - loss of height, alignment, and failure of fusion Pseudarthrosis - nonunion between fused bone segments. Risk ...
Bowing of a long bone with a tendency to fracture and not heal, yielding a pseudarthrosis. The most common bone to be affected ... or thinning of the long bone cortex with or without pseudarthrosis. A first degree relative (parent, sibling, or offspring) ... is the tibia, causing congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia or CPT. CPT occurs in 2-4% of individuals with NF-1. Treatment ...
Zimmermann G, Müller U, Löffler C, Wentzensen A, Moghaddam A (November 2007). "[Therapeutic outcome in tibial pseudarthrosis: ...
In 2008 it was approved to repair posterolateral lumbar pseudarthrosis, open tibia shaft fractures with intramedullary nail ...
Or it will develop into a pseudarthrosis between condylar bone core and osteochondritis flake leaving the articular cartilage ...
... resection arthroplasty of the hip with a pseudarthrosis (Femoral head ostectomy) is sometimes done. Or in cases of knee PJIs ...
Ilizarov distracted the stiff non-union in his tibia by 2 cm, healing the pseudarthrosis, corrected an equinus deformity by ...
... congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, hip dysplasia, and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease as well as lower limb deformities and ...
Zorzi, Alessandro Rozim; Rosén, Annika; Pommer, Bernhard; Lei, Deng; Paley, Dror (2012). Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia ...
Pseudarthrosis) Chondropathies Sarcomas Bone tumor (Osteoma) Cartilage tumor (Chondroma) Orthopaedic principles Diagnostics ...
Bone healing Fibrocartilage callus Osteoporosis Stress fracture Blowout fracture Octopod External Fixator Pseudarthrosis List ...
He "developed a new technique for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia", which was published in the February ...
... pseudarthrosis MeSH C21.866.404.484 - hip fractures MeSH C21.866.404.500 - humeral fractures MeSH C21.866.404.562 - radius ...
Pseudarthrosis - Pulled hamstring - Pycnodysostosis - Pyogenic osteomyelitis Quadriceps tendon rupture Radius fracture - ...
The meaning of PSEUDARTHROSIS is an abnormal union formed by fibrous tissue between parts of a bone that has fractured usually ... www.merriam-webster.com/medical/pseudarthrosis. Accessed 9 Dec. 2023. ... "Pseudarthrosis." Merriam-Webster.com Medical Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https:// ...
Surgery to heal the congenital pseudarthrosis was successful, but a new fracture occurred, resulting from bone weakening. This ... Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare disease. There are about 200 individual cases reported so far in world ... Fracture of the clavicle after surgical treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis Valer Dzupa, Jan Bartonicek, Michal Zidka Med ... Background:Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare disease. There are about 200 individual cases reported so far in ...
Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare condition. The natural history of CPT includes persistent instability ... Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is a complex congenital disorder with multiple modalities of treatment. Majority of the ... Research Treatment outcomes of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia at Beit CURE International Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi ... The majority of cases were stage 4 congenital tibia pseudarthrosis by Crawford classification. Most patients were treated by ...
Cervical Pseudarthrosis and Disc Herniation with Additional Surgical Fusion - exh36684b. Medical Exhibit. Add to my lightbox. ... Wound Infection and Pseudarthrosis with Additional Surgical Repairs - Medical Illustration, Human Anatomy Drawing. ... Wound Infection and Pseudarthrosis with Additional Surgical Repairs - Medical Illustration, Human Anatomy Drawing. ...
The mean total 2-year cost of revision surgery was $28,256 ± $3000 (ASD: $28,829 ± $3812, pseudarthrosis: $28,069 ± $2508, same ... When indicated, revision surgery for symptomatic ASD, same-level recurrent stenosis, and pseudarthrosis is a valuable treatment ... Revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, adjacent-segment disease, or same-level recurrent ... "Revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, adjacent-segment disease, or same-level recurrent ...
TX treats pseudarthrosis, an unhealed broken bone, also known as nonunion. He offers cervical bone fusion surgery. ... However, if the damaged bone fails to heal then it is called nonunion or pseudarthrosis. Pseudarthrosis refers to the ... Pseudarthrosis or Nonunion due to failed or previous cervical surgery. The poor healing of bone in the neck region is usually ... Pseudarthrosis is an unhealed broken bone, also known as nonunion. Usually, damaged or broken bones heal over time by forming ...
Lumbar pseudarthrosis: A review of current diagnosis and treatment. Danielle S. Chun, Kevin C. Baker, Wellington K. Hsu*. * ... Lumbar pseudarthrosis: A review of current diagnosis and treatment. / Chun, Danielle S.; Baker, Kevin C.; Hsu, Wellington K. In ... Lumbar pseudarthrosis: A review of current diagnosis and treatment. Neurosurgical focus. 2015;39(4):E10. doi: 10.3171/2015.7. ... Chun, D. S., Baker, K. C., & Hsu, W. K. (2015). Lumbar pseudarthrosis: A review of current diagnosis and treatment. ...
Bowing deformity and pseudarthrosis are observed in 5.7% of the long bones, most of which are common in the tibia. A 13-year- ... Keywords: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, Neurofibromatosis type 1, Patients * Kütahya Health Sciences University ... A pathological fracture in the right tibia and a wide range of pseudarthrosis, hamartomatous bone tissues, medullary canal and ...
There are reports that children with small cross-sectional areas in the sections of the pseudarthrosis are more prone to re- ... Re-fracture is the most serious complication in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT). ... and compression was applied at the pseudarthrosis. Compression took place along 3.0-5.0 mm of the pseudarthrosis site. ... When the pseudarthrosis of the tibia had consolidated, the Ilizarovs fixator was removed and a long tube-type leg cast was ...
"Congenital Pseudarthrosis of Clavicle." Syndromes: Rapid Recognition and Perioperative Implications Bissonnette B, Luginbuehl I ... Congenital Pseudarthrosis of Clavicle. In: Bissonnette B, Luginbuehl I, Marciniak B, Dalens BJ. Bissonnette B, & Luginbuehl I ... Congenital pseudarthrosis of clavicle. Bissonnette B, Luginbuehl I, Marciniak B, Dalens BJ. Bissonnette B, & Luginbuehl I, & ... Eltl V, Wild A, Krauspe R, Raab P: Surgical treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle: a report of three cases and ...
https://​doi.​org/​10.​2106/​JBJS.​E.​00550 CrossRefPubMed Kim YJ, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG et al (2006) Pseudarthrosis in adult ... Pseudarthrosis , L1-pelvic angle: a convenient measurement to attain optimal deformity correction , springermedicine.com Skip ... go back to reference Kim YJ, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG et al (2006) Pseudarthrosis in adult spinal deformity following ... 22-09-2023 , Pseudarthrosis , Original Article L1-pelvic angle: a convenient measurement to attain optimal deformity correction ...
Congenital pseudarthrosis.. Nonunion of a long bone fracture must be documented by a minimum of two sets of radiographs ...
Kim, K. T., Lee, S. H., Suk, K. S., Lee, J. H., & Im, Y. J. (2007). Spinal pseudarthrosis in advanced ankylosing spondylitis ... Surgical repair of pseudarthrosis with AIF provided successful fusion and good clinical results. For patients with lumbar ... Kim, KT, Lee, SH, Suk, KS, Lee, JH & Im, YJ 2007, Spinal pseudarthrosis in advanced ankylosing spondylitis with sagittal plane ... Surgical repair of pseudarthrosis with AIF provided successful fusion and good clinical results. For patients with lumbar ...
Niedzielski K, Synder M (2000). "The treatment of pseudarthrosis using the Ilizarov method". Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2 (3): 46 ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pseudarthrosis. AAOS (Source attribution, CS1 German-language sources (de), Articles ...
1] Anterolateral bowing is associated with pseudarthrosis of the tibia and neurofibromatosis. [2] Anteromedial bowing is ... Paley D. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: biological and biomechanical considerations to achieve union and prevent ...
A tale of two tibias: A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Journal of Childrens ... A tale of two tibias: A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. / Johnston, Charles E.; Birch, ... Johnston, CE & Birch, JG 2008, A tale of two tibias: A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia ... Johnston, C. E., & Birch, J. G. (2008). A tale of two tibias: A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of ...
Diagnosis of pseudarthrosis after fusion remains difficult. (HealthDay)-There is no definitive method besides surgical ... exploration to make the diagnosis of pseudarthrosis following spinal fusion surgery, according to a review published in the ...
Implant biofilm is frequently present in "aseptic" pseudarthrosis cases.[99][100][101] Furthermore, it has been noted that ... "High Prevalence of Biofilms on Retrieved Implants from Aseptic Pseudarthrosis Cases". Spine Surgery and Related Research. 5 (2 ...
Ulnar Pseudarthrosis * Wrist Arthritis * Wrist Dislocation * Wrist Fracture Show All Show Less ...
Successful fusion versus pseudarthrosis after spinal instrumentation: a comprehensive imaging review. Benson JC, Lehman VT, ...
congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia. *Congenital limb lengthening. *unequal development. *vascular malformation/ hemangiomata - ...
... and pseudarthrosis and surgical failure rates. RESULTS: Demineralized Bone Matrix has been evaluated in animal models and human ...
Despite its widespread acceptance, reoperations may be required to treat complications of fusion such as pseudarthrosis and ... Furthermore, it avoids the potential of pseudarthrosis, anterior cervical plate-related complications, and cervical ... The use of allografts could increase the risk of pseudarthrosis and the frequency of reoperation in the control group. This ... One potential benefit of the cervical disc arthroplasty is elimination of the risk of pseudarthrosis, which theoretically is ...
This is called a nonunion or pseudarthrosis. (The term pseudarthrosis means false joint.) If the joint motion from a nonunion ...
This is called a nonunion, or pseudarthrosis. (The term pseudarthrosis means false joint.) If joint motion from a nonunion ...
This is called a nonunion or pseudarthrosis. (The term pseudarthrosis means false joint.) When more than one level of the spine ...
Free, official information about 2012 (and also 2013-2015) ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 724.6, including coding notes, detailed descriptions, index cross-references and ICD-10-CM conversion.
Clegg J. The results of the pseudarthrosis after removal of an infected total hip prosthesis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1977 Aug. ...
XLIF and asymptomatic pseudarthrosis. When Youssef et al. evaluated outcomes of 84 patients who underwent XLIF for various ... and pseudarthrosis, other unusual complications have been reported in smaller series or case reports[. 17 28 40 44 46 60 65 71 ... Additionally, one patient with pseudarthrosis required revision surgery.. Complication rate for XLIF in obese patients not ... while the remaining 14 patients developed pseudarthrosis but without complications. Average pain and function scores (VAS and ...
Pseudarthrosis This is a condition in which there is not enough bone formation, and a spinal fusion does not completely heal. ... Patients who smoke are more likely to develop a pseudarthrosis.. *Nerve damage. It is possible that the nerves or blood vessels ...
  • Background:Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare disease. (medscimonit.com)
  • Surgery to heal the congenital pseudarthrosis was successful, but a new fracture occurred, resulting from bone weakening. (medscimonit.com)
  • Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare condition. (cure.org)
  • Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is a complex congenital disorder with multiple modalities of treatment. (cure.org)
  • Bilateral congenital pseudarthrosis of t. (ksbu.edu.tr)
  • Re-fracture is the most serious complication in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ahmadi B, Steel HH: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle. (mhmedical.com)
  • Eltl V, Wild A, Krauspe R, Raab P: Surgical treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. (mhmedical.com)
  • Schnall SB, King JD, Marrero G: Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle: A review of the literature and surgical results of six cases. (mhmedical.com)
  • Purpose: Two common treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) are intramedullary fixation following resection/ shortening of the pseudarthrosis site and reconstruction with an Ilizarov external fixator following resection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Johnston, CE & Birch, JG 2008, ' A tale of two tibias: A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia ', Journal of Children's Orthopaedics , vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 133-149. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Birch, John G. / A tale of two tibias : A review of treatment options for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia . (elsevierpure.com)
  • William was born with a very rare limb deficiency called Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tiba. (gofundme.com)
  • Challenges with fassier-duval rod exchanges in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: Explant roadblock and solution. (nemours.org)
  • What Factors Influence Union and Refracture of Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia? (bvsalud.org)
  • The majority of cases were stage 4 congenital tibia pseudarthrosis by Crawford classification. (cure.org)
  • Bowing deformity and pseudarthrosis are observed in 5.7% of the long bones, most of which are common in the tibia. (ksbu.edu.tr)
  • A pathological fracture in the right tibia and a wide range of pseudarthrosis, hamartomatous bone tissues, medullary canal and diaphyseal narrowing towards the pseudoarthrosis range and cortical thickening were observed on her radiographs. (ksbu.edu.tr)
  • [ 1 ] Anterolateral bowing is associated with pseudarthrosis of the tibia and neurofibromatosis . (medscape.com)
  • There are reports that children with small cross-sectional areas in the sections of the pseudarthrosis are more prone to re-fracture. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Due to the overlapping nature of patients with pseudarthrosis and rod fracture, these patients were analyzed together. (springermedicine.com)
  • Achieving ideal L1PA ± 5° was associated with a decreased risk of rod fracture/pseudarthrosis on univariate and multivariate regression (OR = 0.33, 95%CI = 0.12-0.86, p = 0.024). (springermedicine.com)
  • L1PA was modestly correlated with SVA and T1PA, and achieving ideal L1PA was associated with lower rates of rod fracture/pseudarthrosis. (springermedicine.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, adjacent-segment disease, or same-level recurrent stenosis. (duke.edu)
  • To date, an analysis of the cost and health state gain associated with revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, ASD, or same-level recurrent lumbar stenosis has yet to be performed. (duke.edu)
  • Object Failed solid bony fusion, or pseudarthrosis, is a well-known complication of lumbar arthrodesis. (northwestern.edu)
  • Res ults Seven studies met the inclusion criteria for current radiographic imaging used to diagnose lumbar pseudarthrosis. (northwestern.edu)
  • Treatment of lumbar pseudarthrosis includes a variety of surgical options such as replacing loose instrumentation, use of more potent biologics, and interbody fusion techniques. (northwestern.edu)
  • Average correction of segmental kyphosis with SPO at the level of pseudarthrosis was 20.9° (range, 5°-34°) and 26.3° (range, 20°-32°) with lumbar PSO. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Despite the relative frequency with which they are performed, lumbar fusions have several potential issues, such as pseudarthrosis and adjacent segment pathology (ASP). (medscape.com)
  • To review the clinical characteristics and assess the outcomes of surgical treatment of spinal pseudarthrosis in advanced AS patients with sagittal plane deformity. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • However, few have studied the outcomes of surgical treatment of spinal pseudarthrosis with sagittal plane deformity in advanced AS patients. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • We performed Smith-Petersen osteotomy (SPO) at the same level for correction of sagittal plane deformity and anterior interbody fusion (AIF) for repair of pseudarthrosis. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The system is indicated for use in the temporary stabilization of the anterior spine during the development of cervical spinal fusions in patients with: 1) degenerative disc disease (as defined by neck pain of discogenic origin with degeneration of the disc confirmed by patient history and radiographic studies), 2) trauma (including fractures), 3) tumors, 4) deformity (defined as kyphosis, lordosis, or scoliosis), 5) pseudarthrosis, and/or 6) failed previous fusions. (medtronic.com)
  • OBJECT: Despite advances in technology and understanding in spinal physiology, reoperation for symptomatic adjacent-segment disease (ASD), same-level recurrent stenosis, and pseudarthrosis in elderly patients continues to occur. (duke.edu)
  • the adjacent-segment degeneration and pseudarthrosis were the most common reasons for reoperation. (springer.com)
  • Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a standard surgical treatment for cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy, but reoperations sometimes are performed to treat complications of fusion such as pseudarthrosis and adjacent-segment degeneration. (springer.com)
  • Despite its widespread acceptance, reoperations may be required to treat complications of fusion such as pseudarthrosis and adjacent-segment degeneration. (springer.com)
  • SPO at the level of pseudarthrosis was a safe and effective technique to correct sagittal imbalance without vascular complication. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The patient presented with sagittal imbalance and pseudarthrosis at L5-S1. (nuvasive.com)
  • Pseudarthrosis is an unhealed broken bone, also known as nonunion. (ilyasspine.com)
  • Pseudarthrosis refers to the formation of a false bone due to improper healing. (ilyasspine.com)
  • However, if the cervical bone fails to heal, then it results in the formation of a nonunion or pseudarthrosis. (ilyasspine.com)
  • This principle and the realization that the problems of pseudarthrosis and hardware failure could be resolved if bone grafting and instrumentation were used together laid the foundations of modern spine stabilization surgery. (medscape.com)
  • The concept of distraction osteogenesis (DO) was introduced by G. A. Ilizarov in the 1950s and knowledge of this method has added countless benefits to the treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal disorders, enabling bone lengthening, correction of angular deformities of the limbs, and correction of pseudarthrosis, as well as a technique for alveolar ridge augmentation 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • HealthDay)-There is no definitive method besides surgical exploration to make the diagnosis of pseudarthrosis following spinal fusion surgery, according to a review published in the March 1 issue of The Spine Journal. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Although this constituted a major advance in spine surgery that was subsequently applied to a much wider range of pathological disorders and which remains in use today, the method of onlay posterior grafting, when performed in isolation, suffered from an unacceptably high rate of pseudarthrosis (failed fusion). (medscape.com)
  • It is indicated for degenerative discopathy and instability, as well as pseudarthrosis or failed arthrodesis. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Recent advances in radiographic technology, biologics, instrumentation, surgical technique, and understanding of the local biology have all aided in the prevention and treatment of pseudarthrosis. (northwestern.edu)
  • The mean time for radiographic union of pseudarthrosis was 4.2 months (range, 2.5-6 months). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • When indicated, revision surgery for symptomatic ASD, same-level recurrent stenosis, and pseudarthrosis is a valuable treatment option for elderly patients experiencing persistent back and leg pain. (duke.edu)
  • METHODS: After reviewing their institutional database, the authors found 69 patients 65 years of age and older who had undergone revision decompression and instrumented fusion for back and leg pain associated with pseudarthrosis (17 patients), same-level recurrent stenosis (24 patients), or ASD (28 patients) and included them in this study. (duke.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Revision decompression and fusion provided a significant gain in health state utility for elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, same-level recurrent stenosis, or ASD, with a mean 2-year cost of $80,594 per QALY gained. (duke.edu)
  • Surgical repair of pseudarthrosis with AIF provided successful fusion and good clinical results. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • The success rates for the treatment of pseudarthrosis are enhanced with the use of rigid instrumentation. (northwestern.edu)
  • Differential diagnosis includes Cleidocranial Dysostosis and posttraumatic pseudarthrosis. (mhmedical.com)
  • A retrospective study of consecutive ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with spinal pseudarthrosis. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • There have been several reports describing the clinical findings of spinal pseudarthrosis in AS. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A rare syndrome with most often right-sided clavicular pseudarthrosis. (mhmedical.com)
  • Approaches to treating NF1 tibial pseudarthrosis: Consensus from the C" by David A. Stevenson, David Little et al. (gwu.edu)
  • A 5-mm bone block was resected and a tibial pseudarthrosis was obtained after a 6-month waiting period. (aott.org.tr)
  • BACKGROUND: The treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia remains difficult and controversial. (wustl.edu)
  • METHODS: Twenty-one consecutive patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia were managed with this technique between 1978 and 1999, and the results were retrospectively reviewed. (wustl.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: This technique produced a satisfactory long-term functional outcome in sixteen of twenty-one patients and should be considered for the management of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. (wustl.edu)
  • 7. [Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle: 25 childhood cases]. (nih.gov)
  • [ 1 ] Anterolateral bowing is associated with pseudarthrosis of the tibia and neurofibromatosis . (medscape.com)
  • The other indications were pseudarthrosis (n = 8), implant dislodgement (n = 6), junctional kyphosis (n = 5), and neurological deficit (n = 1). (medscape.com)
  • In this review, we present well-defined phenotypes of failure in ASD surgery focusing on clinical failure, radiographic failure [pseudarthrosis (PSA), instrumentation failure, proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK)], the need for reoperation, and lack of cost-effectiveness. (medscape.com)
  • No consensus was achieved in RTP for cases with pseudarthrosis following ACDF. (mssm.edu)
  • Painful pseudarthrosis is one of the most important indications for (revision) surgery after spinal fusion procedures . (bvsalud.org)
  • If pseudarthrosis is the source of recurrent pain it may require revision surgery . (bvsalud.org)
  • We hypothesize that (18)F- fluoride PET /CT may be able to provide support for the diagnosis of painful pseudarthrosis and could serve as a tool to discriminate between symptomatic and asymptomatic pseudarthrosis for revision surgery , as CT defines the consolidation status and PET pinpoints the 'stress reaction' at the vertebral endplates which significantly correlates with Oswestry Disability Index score. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rates of pseudarthrosis, adjacent segment disease, and overall surgical revision were compared as primary outcome measures. (cns.org)
  • Extending long-segment fusions across the cervicothoracic junction was associated with increases in operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay without appreciable benefit in reducing long-term complications such as pseudarthrosis, adjacent segment disease, and overall surgical revision. (cns.org)
  • PMT FFS is indicated for patients requiring a revision for an anterior pseudarthrosis at one level, from C3 to C7, with autogenous and/or allogenic bone graft. (isass.org)
  • Indications for reoperation included wound-healing problems (n = 4), malpositioned screw (n = 2), and pseudarthrosis (n = 2). (elsevierpure.com)
  • This article reviews 18 cases of pseudarthrosis after attempted anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with tricortical iliac crest autograft using the Smith-Robinson method. (uthscsa.edu)
  • High success rates in obtaining fusion after failed anterior discectomy and fusion in the cervical spine and ease of application make this method of posterior fixation and fusion an attractive alternative for dealing with pseudarthrosis. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Whilst osseous coalitions of the lunate and the triquetrum are known to be asymptomatic, fibrocartilaginous lunotriquetral coalitions can present as an uncommon cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain often due to pseudarthrosis or a post-traumatic disruption 3,8 . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of a technique consisting of excision of the pseudarthrosis, autologous bone-grafting, and insertion of a Williams intramedullary rod into the tibia. (wustl.edu)
  • Pseudarthrosis after lumbar spinal fusion: the role of ¹8F-fluoride PET/CT. (bvsalud.org)
  • Compare international Orthopedics hospitals and ask about the total cost of the Atrophic pseudarthrosis medical services in Spain. (2015medicaltourism.com)
  • In multivariate analysis (Table 2), the upper-most level (C2 versus C3) was the only independent factor predictive of rates of pseudarthrosis (p=0.003), adjacent segment disease (p=0.019), and reoperation (p=0.016). (cns.org)
  • Josep Planell and George Altankov will coordinate the projects, which will focus on solutions for pseudarthrosis and degenerative skeletal disorders respectively. (ibecbarcelona.eu)